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Статті в журналах з теми "Canaux SOC":
1
Smith, W. N., P. Rochette, C. Monreal, R. L. Desjardins, E. Pattey, and A. Jaques. "The rate of carbon change in agricultural soils in Canada at the landscape level." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 77, no. 2 (May 1, 1997): 219–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s96-113.
Анотація:
The Century model [a computer simulation of the dynamics of soil organic carbon (SOC)] was used to estimate the rate of SOC change in agricultural soil in Canada. The analysis was carried out on 180 Soil Landscapes of Canada (SLC) polygons, representing 15% of the SLC polygons within agricultural regions. The analysis was stratified into soil zones and into soil textural classes. For each sampled polygon, Century was run for 1 to 5 types of crop rotations under conventional-tillage as well as no-tillage, providing that no-till was used on at least 5% of the land. From the Century simulations, it was estimated that the overall rate of SOC loss from agricultural soils in Canada for 1990 was 39.1 kg ha−1 yr−1 This implies that 1.93 Mt of SOC (7.08 Mt of CO2) was lost from agricultural soils in Canada. Compared to 1990, the SOC loss was estimated to have been greater by 11.9 kg ha−1 yr−1 in 1980 and 9.1 kg ha−1 yr−1 in 1985. The lower loss in 1990 was primarily due to the incorporation of no-till practices and reduction of summer fallow in the mid 1980s. In 1990, at the provincial level, Alberta had the highest rate of SOC loss at 74.5 kg ha−1 yr−1 followed by Manitoba with 66.1 kg ha−1 yr−1 In Ontario, Quebec, and the Atlantic Provinces the average provincial rate of SOC loss was less than 35 kg ha−1 yr−1 Higher SOC loss rates were typically found in soils with coarser texture and greater native SOC content. Key words: Carbon dioxide, greenhouse gas, Century model
2
VandenBygaart, A. J., E. G. Gregorich, and D. A. Angers. "Influence of agricultural management on soil organic carbon: A compendium and assessment of Canadian studies." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 83, no. 4 (August 1, 2003): 363–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s03-009.
Анотація:
To fulfill commitments under the Kyoto Protocol, Canada is required to provide verifiable estimates and uncertainties for soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks, and for changes in those stocks over time. Estimates and uncertainties for agricultural soils can be derived from long-term studies that have measured differences in SOC between different management practices. We compiled published data from long-term studies in Canada to assess the effect of agricultural management on SOC. A total of 62 studies were compiled, in which the difference in SOC was determined for conversion from native land to cropland, and for different tillage, crop rotation and fertilizer management practices. There was a loss of 24 ± 6% of the SOC after native land was converted to agricultural land. No-till (NT) increased the storage of SOC in western Canada by 2.9 ± 1.3 Mg ha-1; however, in eastern Canada conversion to NT did not increase SOC. In general, the potential to store SOC when NT was adopted decreased with increasing background levels of SOC. Using no-tillage, reducing summer fallow, including hay in rotation with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), plowing green manures into the soil, and applying N and organic fertilizers were the practices that tended to show the most consistent in creases in SOC storage. By relating treatment SOC levels to those in the control treatments, SOC stock change factors and their levels of uncertainty were derived for use in empirical models, such as the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Guidelines model for C stock changes. However, we must be careful when attempting to extrapolate research plot data to farmers’ fields since the history of soil and crop management has a significant influence on existing and future SOC stocks. Key words: C sequestration, tillage, crop rotations, fertilizer, cropping intensity, Canada
3
Hossain, M. F., Yu Zhang, Wenjun Chen, Jixin Wang, and Goran Pavlic. "Soil organic carbon content in northern Canada: A database of field measurements and its analysis." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 87, no. 3 (May 1, 2007): 259–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s06-029.
Анотація:
Arctic and sub-arctic soils contain a large amount of organic carbon in their topsoil horizons and in the upper layers of permafrost. There is concern that climate warming could release this soil organic carbon (SOC) to the atmosphere as greenhouse gases. However, information about the profile features and spatial distribution of SOC in northern ecosystems are far less than for other regions. In this study, we compiled all the available field measurements of SOC in northern Canada and developed a database. Including our recent measurements, the database contains 438 profiles with 1473 soil horizons. We analyzed the profile features and the regional patterns of SOC in northern Canada based on this database. The results show that the SOC content of subsurface soils is relatively high in northern regions because of the alternate freeze-thaw actions. In the top 100 cm of soils, 40% of the SOC is located in the 50- to 100-cm layer. The SOC content is lower in northern Arctic and in mountainous regions. The average upland SOC content in northern Canada is higher than in other world biomes (i.e., croplands, temperate forest, tropical savannas, and tropical forest) except temperate grasslands and boreal forest. Key words: Soil organic carbon, northern Canada, database, arctic and sub-arctic.
4
VandenBygaart, A. J., E. Bremer, B. G. McConkey, H. H. Janzen, D. A. Angers, M. R. Carter, C. F. Drury, G. P. Lafond, and R. H. McKenzie. "Soil organic carbon stocks on long-term agroecosystem experiments in Canada." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 90, no. 4 (December 1, 2010): 543–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss10028.
Анотація:
Several long-term agroecosystem experiments (LTAEs) across Canada have been maintained for periods of up to a century. Much scientific knowledge of changes in soil properties through time has been learned from these few, highly productive LTAEs. We determined the effects of land management changes (LMC) on soil organic carbon (SOC) by re-sampling 27 LTAEs across Canada using identical sampling and laboratory protocols. Seven LTAEs were sampled comparing perennial to annual cropping and it was found that SOC stocks (0-30 cm) were 9.0 ± 1.5 Mg C ha-1 higher under perennial cropping after an average of 16.9 ± 2.1 yr. This yielded a SOC stock change factor of 0.6 Mg C ha-1 yr-1, comparing favourably to a modelling assessment and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) default factor. In six LTAEs in western Canada, no-tillage increased SOC storage by 3.2 ± 1.3 Mg C ha-1 in the top 15 cm over a period of 23.3 ± 2.7 yr relative to conventional tillage, a rate of SOC storage of 0.14 Mg C ha-1 yr-1. This rate was also similar to that derived by simulation modelling and was slightly lower than the default IPCC rate for subhumid and semi-arid regions. In eastern Canada, where tillage is much deeper than western Canada, SOC storage was not significant differently between the two tillage systems. In six LTAEs in western Canada, removing fallow periods every second or third year in favour of continuous cropping increased SOC storage by 5.2 ± 1.1 Mg C ha-1 yr-1 over 21.8 ± 4.0 yr or an average SOC stock change factor of 0.23 Mg C ha-1 yr-1 to 15 cm depth. This was slightly higher than two independent meta-analyses and rates derived from simulation modelling. The results determined from a re-sampling of LTAEs across Canada provided an invaluable method of validating rates of SOC change concluded by other means.
5
Tan, S. Y., and J. Li. "An exploratory spatial analysis of soil organic carbon distribution in Canadian eco-regions." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-2 (November 11, 2014): 205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-2-205-2014.
Анотація:
As the largest carbon reservoir in ecosystems, soil accounts for more than twice as much carbon storage as that of vegetation biomass or the atmosphere. This paper examines spatial patterns of soil organic carbon (SOC) in Canadian forest areas at an eco-region scale of analysis. The goal is to explore the relationship of SOC levels with various climatological variables, including temperature and precipitation. The first Canadian forest soil database published in 1997 by the Canada Forest Service was analyzed along with other long-term eco-climatic data (1961 to 1991) including precipitation, air temperature, slope, aspect, elevation, and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) derived from remote sensing imagery. In addition, the existing eco-region framework established by Environment Canada was evaluated for mapping SOC distribution. Exploratory spatial data analysis techniques, including spatial autocorrelation analysis, were employed to examine how forest SOC is spatially distributed in Canada. Correlation analysis and spatial regression modelling were applied to determine the dominant ecological factors influencing SOC patterns at the eco-region level. At the national scale, a spatial error regression model was developed to account for spatial dependency and to estimate SOC patterns based on ecological and ecosystem factors. Based on the significant variables derived from the spatial error model, a predictive SOC map in Canadian forest areas was generated. Although overall SOC distribution is influenced by climatic and topographic variables, distribution patterns are shown to differ significantly between eco-regions. These findings help to validate the eco-region classification framework for SOC zonation mapping in Canada.
6
Osuoji, Roland I., and Michael A. Bankole. "Do Infants and Children have Measurable Inguinal Canals?" Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society 33, no. 3 (December 15, 2013): 182–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v33i3.8355.
Анотація:
Introduction: Herniotomy is a common procedure performed by Paediatric Surgeons. However, opinions differ as to whether to open the inguinal canal when performing this procedure or not. Those who advocate performing herniotomy without opening the inguinal canal believe that in early childhood, the superficial inguinal ring is directly superimposed on the deep inguinal ring, there being no appreciable inguinal canal in this age group. Our study was planned to open the inguinal canal and simply measure the distance between the pubic tubercle medially and the inferior epigastric vessels laterally. Finding a measurable inguinal canal in all cases studies debunks the belief that the superficial inguinal ring frequently overlaps the deep inguinal ring. Materials and Methods: From October 2007 to September 2008 and from May 2012 to April 2013 the inguinal canals of 75 children from 1 day to 2 years old were measured during herniotomies and orchidopexies. Premature babies were excluded from this study. The inguinal canals were all opened. Using a simple sterilized metallic ruler, the distance between the ipsilateral inferior epigastric vessels and the ipsilateral pubic tubercle was measured. Results: The lengths of the inguinal canals ranged from 1cm to 4.5 cm (mean 2.88cm+/-.71cm SD). The shortest inguinal canal length was 1 cm while the longest inguinal canal was 4.5 cm. Conclusion: Children with inguinal hernia up to the age of 2 years have a measurable inguinal canal and we suggest the excision of the hearnial sac superficial to the external inguinal ring runs the risk of leaving substantial sac behind proximal to the transfixing suture, even when some traction is applied to the sac before applying the transfixing suture. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v33i3.8355 J. Nepal Paediatr. Soc. 2013;33(3):182-185
7
VandenBygaart, A. J., E. G. Gregorich, D. A. Angers, and B. G. McConkey. "Assessment of the lateral and vertical variability of soil organic carbon." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 87, no. 4 (August 1, 2007): 433–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss06025.
Анотація:
Accurate predictions of changes in soil organic matter are difficult, at least in part, because of the lack of precision in measurements of soil organic carbon (SOC). This lack of precision is mostly due to the spatial variability in SOC that occurs with depth through the profile and laterally across the soil surface. The objective of this study was to assess the lateral and vertical variability of SOC in several pedologically distinct agricultural soils across Canada. Our goal was to determine the effect of different sampling methods on the precision of SOC measurements, namely: the effect of sampling either by fixed depth or by genetic soil horizon, the influence of compositing samples from different depth increments, and the number of cores required for a minimum detectable difference. Soils were sampled in increments down to 60 cm using a 4 × 3 m grid at six sites: two each from Ontario (Gleysol and Melanic Brunisol), Quebec (Humic Gleysol and Humo Ferric Podzol) and Saskatchewan (Dark Brown Chernozem). At four of the six sites, sampling by genetic soil horizon appeared to increase the precision of SOC measurements, but only when the surface 30 cm of the soil profile was considered. At the other two sites (soil types: Gleysol and Melanic Brunisol) sampling by fixed depth increments was more effective for increasing the precision of SOC measurements than sampling by genetic horizon. The effect of compositing samples from different depth increments had little influence on the precision of SOC measurements for all six soil types. These results suggest that sampling more than two depth increments per soil core has limited advantages for increasing statistical power to detect change in SOC. The high background SOC levels in the Gleysol soil would require a large number of soil cores in order to detect a small change in SOC such as that which would occur in a typical monitoring project. The Chernozem soils had lower spatial variability in SOC than the soil types in eastern Canada. Determining a statistically significant change in SOC of 5 Mg ha-1 would be difficult with the sampling design used in this study. Key words: Soil organic carbon, statistical power, sampling design, coefficient of variation, spatial variability, Canada
8
Hoff, R. M., and L. A. Barrie. "Air Chemistry Observations in the Canadian Arctic." Water Science and Technology 18, no. 2 (February 1, 1986): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1986.0019.
Анотація:
Arctic air chemistry measurements made in Canada since 1979 are reviewed. At Mould Bay, Alert and Igloolik, 25 aerosol constituents and aerosol light scattering have been measured routinely. Gas phase measurements of SO2, chlorinated pesticides, nitrogen species, and hydrocarbons have been measured during short-term intensive studies. CO2 has been routinely measured as part of the background air monitoring program at Mould Bay and Alert. Anthropogenic pollution typified by SO4= and V has a persistent seasonal cycle seen at all sites. Alert tends to have slightly higher concentrations than Mould Bay and Igloolik. It is shown that the seasonal cycle is dependent on the source of the aerosol. Anthropogenic pollutants (Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sr, V, Zn, H+, NH4+ , SO4= and NO3−), halogens except Cl (Br, I, F) , sea salt (Na, Mg, Cl) and soil derived constituents (Al, Ba, Ca, Fe, Ti) have distinct seasonal cycles. Anthropogenic constituents (except SO4=) have peak concentrations in winter 1/2 to 1/4 of annual means in southern Sweden. SO4 is an exception to this being only 30% less in the Canadian Arctic than in southern Sweden, because of the production of SO4= from SO2. Light scattering observations indicate that SO4= varies from 10-70% of the total fine particle mass during the polluted winter months. Light scattering coefficients (bscat) greater than 5 × 10−5 m−1 at Mould Bay are associated with trans-polar air trajectories. Weekly-mean SO2 concentrations at Mould Bay between late 1983 and early 1984 ranged from 0.2-0.8 ppb and comprised 48-82% of the airborne sulphur. Recent measurements of chlordane in the Arctic atmosphere are presented.
9
Liu, Y. L., Z. H. Wu, Y. Y. Chen, and B. Z. Wang. "SOIL CARBON MAPPING IN LOW RELIEF AREAS WITH COMBINED LAND USE TYPES AND PERCENTAGES." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-3 (May 2, 2018): 285–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-3-285-2018.
Анотація:
Accurate mapping of soil carbon in low relief areas is of great challenge because of the defect of conventional “soil-landscape” model. Efforts have been made to integrate the land use information in the modelling and mapping of soil organic carbon (SOC), in which the spatial context was ignored. With 256 topsoil samples collected from Jianghan Plain, we aim to (i) explore the land-use dependency of SOC via one-way ANOVA; (ii) investigate the “spillover effect” of land use on SOC content; (iii) examine the feasibility of land use types and percentages (obtained with a 200-meter buffer) for soil mapping via regression Kriging (RK) models. Results showed that the SOC of paddy fields was higher than that of woodlands and irrigated lands. The land use type could explain 20.5&thinsp;% variation of the SOC, and the value increased to 24.7&thinsp;% when the land use percentages were considered. SOC was positively correlated with the percentage of water area and irrigation canals. Further research indicated that SOC of irrigated lands was significantly correlated with the percentage of water area and irrigation canals, while paddy fields and woodlands did not show similar trends. RK model that combined land use types and percentages outperformed the other models with the lowest values of RMSE<sub>C</sub> (5.644&thinsp;g/kg) and RMSE<sub>P</sub> (6.229&thinsp;g/kg), and the highest R<sup>2</sup><sub>C</sub> (0.193) and R<sup>2</sup><sub>P</sub> (0.197). In conclusions, land use types and percentages serve as efficient indicators for the SOC mapping in plain areas. Additionally, irrigation facilities contributed to the farmland SOC sequestration especially in irrigated lands.
10
Howell, S. G., A. D. Clarke, S. Freitag, C. S. McNaughton, V. Kapustin, V. Brekovskikh, J. L. Jimenez, and M. J. Cubison. "An airborne assessment of atmospheric particulate emissions from the processing of Athabasca oil sands." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 14, no. 10 (May 23, 2014): 5073–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-5073-2014.
Анотація:
Abstract. During the Arctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites (ARCTAS) campaign, two NASA research aircraft, a DC-8 and a P-3B, were outfitted with extensive trace gas (the DC-8) and aerosol (both aircraft) instrumentation. Each aircraft spent about a half hour sampling air around the oil sands mining and upgrading facilities near Ft. McMurray, Alberta, Canada. The DC-8 circled the area, while the P-3B flew directly over the upgrading plants, sampling close to the exhaust stacks, then headed downwind to monitor the aerosol as it aged. At short range, the plume from the oil sands is a complex mosaic of freshly nucleated ultrafine particles from a SO2- and NO2-rich plume, soot and possibly fly ash from industrial processes, and dust from dirt roads and mining operations. Shortly downwind, organic aerosol appears in quantities that rival SO4, either as volatile organic vapors condense or as they react with the H2SO4. The DC-8 pattern allowed us to integrate total flux from the oil sands facilities within about a factor of 2 uncertainty that spanned values consistent with 2008 estimates from reported SO2 and NO2 emissions, though there is no reason to expect one flyby to represent average conditions. In contrast, CO fluxes exceeded reported regional emissions, due either to variability in production or sources missing from the emissions inventory. The conversion rate of SO2 to aerosol SO4 of ~6% per hour is consistent with earlier reports, though OH concentrations are insufficient to accomplish this. Other oxidation pathways must be active. Altogether, organic aerosol and black carbon emissions from the oil sands operations are small compared with annual forest fire emissions in Canada. The oil sands do contribute significant sulfate and exceed fire production of SO2 by an order of magnitude.
Дисертації з теми "Canaux SOC":
1
Vanden, Abeele Fabien. "Caractérisation moléculaire et fonctionnelle des canaux calciques de type SOC (Store Operated Channel) : implication dans la cancerogénese prostatique." Lille 1, 2003. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2003/50376-2003-221.pdf.
Анотація:
Seconde cause de mortalité par cancer chez l'homme, le cancer de la prostate presente une incidence croissante liée à l'augmentation de l'espérance de vie dans les pays développés. Ce cancer est, à l'origine, dépendant des androgènes, puis évolue vers un stade androgéno-indépendant pour lequel aucun traitement curatif n'existe. Le cancer androgéno-indépendant de la prostate se caractérise par l'àpparition de cellules tumorales surexprimant l'oncoprotéine Bcl-2 et de cellules cancéreuses différenciées en cellules neuroendocrines. Ces deux types cellulaires présentent un défaut d'apoptose rendant inefficaces les chimiothérapies. Il est maintenant bien établi que le calcium est un des facteurs majeurs impliqués dans l'apoptose. Cependant, les mécanismes exacts par lesquels le calcium participe à ce processus sont encore mal connus. Les canaux calciques de type SOC (Store Operated Channel) de la membrane cellulaire, activés par la vidange des réserves calciques intra-réticulaires, seraient des éléments clés, intervenant dans le contrôle de l'apoptose des cellules cancéreuses. Or, ces canaux n'ont jamais été étudiés dans les cellules cancéreuses prostatiques. Malgré des efforts de recherche intenses durant ces dix dernières années, deux questions principales restent encore posées concernant les canaux de type SOC: qu'elle est la nature du signal permettant l'activation spécifique de ces canaux et en quoi consiste leur nature moléculaire ? L'identification et la caractérisation électrophysiologique du courant SOC dans les cellules cancéreuses prostatiques LNCaP nous ont ensuite permis de détenniner la nature moléculaire et le mécanisme de couplage de ces canaux. De nombreuses recherches ont été dévolues ces dernières années aux canaux de type TRP "Transient Receptor Potential" et à leur relation possible avec les SOCs. Nos résultats montrent l'implication de trois protéines TRP dans la constitution des canaux SOC des cellules LNCaP. TRPC1, TRPC4 et TRPV6 seraient les Sous unités principales à la base de complexes hétéromultimériques encore non caractérisés et formant les canaux SOC. TRPC1 serait préférentiellement couplée à la vidange des stocks par un couplage de type conformationnel tandis que TRPC4 serait préférentiellement couplée via un facteur diffusible encore inconnu à ce jour. La protéine TRPV6, quant à elle, présente à la fois un couplage par un facteur diffusible et de type conformationnel. Nous avons mis en évidence une perturbation importante des mécanismes d'homéostasie calcique dans les cellules LNCaP rendues androgéno-indépendantes par surexpression de l'oncoprotéine Bcl-2 ou par différenciation neuroendocrine. Dans les deux cas, il s'ensuit une diminution importante de la concentration en calcium réticulaire et une inhibition du fonctionnement des canaux SOC. De ce fait, la résistance à l'apoptose observée dans les cellules androgéno-indépendantes serait en partie due à des perturbations de l'homéostasie calcique impliquant notamment les canaux SOC. Au cours de ma thèse, nous avons donc obtenu de nouveaux résultats qui pennettent d'expliquer le rôle des canaux SOC et du calcium réticulaire dans la régulation de l'apoptose des cellules cancéreuses de la prostate humaine.
2
Djillani, Alaeddine. "Caractérisation des canaux calciques dans les polynucléaires neutrophiles : rôle dans la phagocytose et la production des radicaux libres oxygénés." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01069097.
Анотація:
Les polynucléaires neutrophiles représentent 50-70% des leucocytes sanguins et possèdent un rôle majeur dans la défense de l'organisme contre les pathogènes. Le Ca2+ est un second messager qui joue un rôle primordial dans le chimiotactisme, la phagocytose, la dégranulation et la production de formes réactives de l'oxygène (FRO) afin de neutraliser l'agent pathogène. Dans ces cellules, l'influx calcique de type SOCE est essentiel pour l'homéostasie calcique. Il est peu étudié en raison du manque d'outils pharmacologiques spécifiques d'où l'importance dans un premier temps de chercher de nouvelles molécules. Les cellules T Jurkat dont le SOCE est largement caractérisé servent de modèle pour la caractérisation initiale de ces molécules. Le 2-APB est parmi les molécules les plus largement utilisées dans la caractérisation du SOCE en raison de sa double activité sur le SOCE avec une potentialisation à [1-10 μM] et une inhibition à [> 20 μM]. En revanche, ce produit manque de spécificité et agit sur d'autres cibles cellulaires comme les récepteurs à l'inositol (1,4,5)-trisphosphate (InsP3Rs). La 1ère étape est de sélectionner à partir d'analogues commerciaux du 2-APB (Methoxy-APB, Dimethoxy-APB, Cyclic-APB, Benzothienyl-APB, Thienyl-APB et MDEB), des composés plus spécifiques et également plus efficaces que la molécule mère. Deux molécules se sont distinguées : le MDEB comme uniquement potentialisant du SOCE et le Benzothienyl-APB comme un puissant inhibiteur. En revanche, tous les analogues du 2-APB inhibent les InsP3Rs à l'exception du MDEB qui semble plus spécifique du SOCE. L'effet du MDEB sur le courant calcique, ICRAC, a été étudié grâce à la technique du patch-clamp. Il augmente d'environ 4 fois l'amplitude de ICRAC par rapport à celle enregistrée dans les cellules contrôle. Par ailleurs, le MDEB ralentie l'inactivation rapide de ICRAC due au Ca2+. Sur le plan physiologique, le MDEB à des concentrations croissantes inhibe la synthèse de l'IL-2 dans les cellules Jurkat stimulées et ceci malgré son effet potentialisant du SOCE. Cette activité est liée à son effet pro-apoptotique dans les cellules Jurkat stimulées. Le MDEB et le Benzothienyl-APB caractérisés dans la 1ère partie nous ont servi d'outils potentiels afin d'étudier le SOCE des cellules PLB-985 différenciées en cellules proches de neutrophiles. Le SOCE a été induit soit par un traitement des cellules avec la thapsigargine (Tg) soit de manière physiologique avec les peptides fMLF et le WKYMVm deux chimioattractants, ligands des récepteurs aux peptides formylés FPR et FPRL1 respectivement. En plus, le SOCE induit par la Tg est modulable par le 2-APB, potentialisé par le MDEB et inhibé par le Benzothienyl-APB. La phagocytose des levures par les cellules PLB-985 différenciées ainsi que la production de FRO intraphagosomales ont été inhibées par le MDEB et le Benzothienyl-APB. Les FRO extracellulaires ont été également inhibées par Benzothienyl-APB en revanche à cause de la forte interférence du MDEB avec la technique de mesure nous n'avons pas pu étudier ses activités. En conclusion, le MDEB et le Benzothienyl-APB sont de nouveaux outils pharmacologiques potentialisant ou inhibant le SOCE des leucocytes, qui nous permettront dans l'avenir une meilleure compréhension de l'entrée calcique et ses rôles dans ces cellules.
3
Audero, Madelaine. "Acidic tumor microenvironment and Ca2+ signaling interplay in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) progression." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ULILS105.
Анотація:
L'adénocarcinome canalaire pancréatique (PDAC) est une maladie mortelle caractérisée par un micro-environnement tumoral (TME) extrêmement acide (˂pHe 6,5) qui joue un rôle important dans son début et sa progression. Dans ce contexte, les canaux ioniques perméables au Ca2+ représentent de bons candidats cibles en raison de leur capacité à intégrer des signaux provenant de la TME. Les canaux Ca2+ sont en effet des capteurs de pH capables d'intégrer les signaux de la TME pour activer les voies intracellulaires en aval liées à la progression du PDAC. Bien que les rôles de l'acidose tumorale et de la signalisation du Ca2+ dans la progression du cancer soient bien établis, l'hypothèse d'une TME acide utilisant la signalisation du Ca2+ comme voie préférentielle pour soutenir la progression tumorale n'a pas encore été suffisamment explorée.Mon travail de doctorat visait à étudier les changements phénotypiques et génétiques des cellules PDAC lors d'un stress acide au cours des différentes étapes de sélection et à évaluer comment l'acidose tumorale module les signaux Ca2+ et les phénotypes dans les lignées cellulaires PDAC, avec un accent particulier sur les oscillations Ca2+ et Store-Operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). À cette fin, les cellules PANC-1 et Mia PaCa-2 ont été soumises à une pression acide à court et à long terme et à une récupération à pHe 7,4. Ce dernier traitement visait à imiter les bords du PDAC et l'évasion consécutif des cellules cancéreuses de la tumeur. L'impact de l'acidose a été évalué sur la morphologie cellulaire, la prolifération, l'adhésion, la migration, l'invasion, l'activité des invadopodes et la transition épithélio-mésenchymateuse (TEM) par des tests fonctionnels in vitro et le séquençage de l'ARN, ainsi que sur les signaux Ca2+ intracellulaires avec Fura-2. Nos résultats indiquent qu'un court traitement acide limite la croissance, l'adhésion, l'invasion et la viabilité des cellules PDAC. Au fur et à mesure que le traitement acide progresse, il sélectionne les cellules cancéreuses ayant des capacités de migration et d'invasion accrues induites par l'EMT, ce qui augmente encore leur potentiel métastatique lorsqu'elles sont réexposées à un pHe 7,4. L'analyse RNA-seq des cellules PANC-1 exposées à une acidose de courte durée et récupérées à pHe 7,4 a révélé un recâblage transcriptomique distinct. Il est intéressant de noter que les cellules PANC-1 sont caractérisées par des oscillations Ca2+ plus lentes pendant une exposition à l'acide à court terme par rapport aux cellules de contrôle et par une tendance à la régulation négative d'ORAI1 au niveau de l'ARNm, tandis que l'acidose à long terme et le rétablissement à un pH neutre déterminent le rétablissement d'oscillations Ca2+ rapides et la régulation positive d'ORAI1. Dans tous nos modèles cellulaires, les oscillations du Ca2+ sont dépendantes de SOCE, car le blocage d'ORAI1 par Synta66 et siORAI1 entraîne une altération de l'initiation et du maintien des oscillations du Ca2+. Ces données sont en corrélation avec le SOCE dans les cellules PANC-1, qui est diminuée pendant le traitement acide à court terme, et augmentée dans les cellules sélectionnées pour l'acide avec et sans récupération à pHe 7,4. Enfin, l'entrée de Ca2+ médiée par ORAI1 pourrait être impliquée dans l'activation des cascades de signalisation qui conduisent à l'augmentation de la migration et de l'invasion de tous les modèles cellulaires exposés à un pHe acide, car le traitement par Synta66 et siORAI1 n'ont pas affecté l'invasion et la migration des cellules de contrôle.En conclusion, nos résultats montrent que la sélection induite par l'acide contribue à l'acquisition d'un phénotype plus agressif dans les cellules de PDAC, caractérisé par une augmentation du SOCE, nécessaire à la génération d'oscillations rapides de Ca2+ qui peuvent activer des voies de signalisation Ca2+-dépendantes impliquées dans la progression du PDACPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common cancer affecting the pancreas, characterized by an unsatisfactory 5-year survival rate of around 10%, and to date, there are no effective therapeutic options for PDAC. This is in part due to a highly desmoplastic and immunosuppressive microenvironment that contributes to therapeutic failure. Moreover, the PDAC tumor microenvironment is featured by high acidosis (˂ pHe 6.5), a result of the metabolic reprogramming ("Warburg effect"), and hypoxic conditions, which offers important cues for its aggressiveness by selecting cancer cell phenotypes with competitive benefits for PDAC progression. In this context, Ca2+-permeable ion channels are known to regulate several hallmarks of cancer, including in PDAC. Therefore, they represent good target candidates due to their ability to integrate signals from the TME. Ca2+ channels are indeed pH and hypoxia sensors able to transduce TME signals to activate intracellular downstream pathways linked to PDAC progression. Although the roles of tumor acidosis and Ca2+ signaling in cancer progression are well established, the hypothesis of acidic TME employing Ca2+ signaling as a preferential route for sustaining tumor progression has not yet been sufficiently explored.My Ph.D. work aimed to study the phenotypic and genetic changes of PDAC cells upon acidic stress along the different stages of selection and to evaluate how tumor acidosis modulates Ca2+ signals and phenotypes in the PDAC cell lines, with a particular focus on Ca2+ oscillations and Store-Operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). To this end, PANC-1 and Mia PaCa-2 cells were subjected to short- and long-term acidic pressure and recovery to pHe 7.4. The latter treatment was to mimic PDAC edges and consequent cancer cell escape from the tumor. The impact of acidosis was assessed for cell morphology, proliferation, adhesion, migration, invasion, invadopodia activity, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via functional in vitro assays and RNA sequencing, and for intracellular Ca2+ signals using Fura-2. Our results indicate that short acidic treatment limits the growth, adhesion, invasion, and viability of PDAC cells. As the acid treatment progresses, it selects cancer cells with enhanced migration and invasion abilities induced by EMT, thereby further enhancing their metastatic potential when re-exposed to pHe 7.4. RNA-seq analysis of PANC-1 cells exposed to short-term acidosis and pHe-selected recovered to pHe 7.4 revealed distinct transcriptome rewiring. We noted an enrichment of genes relevant to proliferation, migration, EMT, and invasion in acid-selected cells. Interestingly, PANC-1 cells are characterized by slower Ca2+ oscillations during short-term acid exposure compared to control cells and a tendency of ORAI1 downregulation at mRNA levels, while long-term acidosis and recovery to neutral pHe determine the recovery of fast Ca2+ oscillations and upregulation of ORAI1. In all our cell models, Ca2+ oscillations are SOCE-dependent, as ORAI1 blockade with Synta66 and siORAI1 results in impaired Ca2+ oscillations' initiation and maintenance. These data correlate with SOCE in PANC-1 cells, which is decreased during the short-term acid treatment, and increased in acid-selected cells with and without recovery to pHe 7.4. Finally, ORAI1-mediated Ca2+ entry might be involved in the activation of signaling cascades that lead to the increased migration and invasion of all the cell models exposed to acidic pHe, as Synta66 treatment and siORAI1 didn't affect control cells' invasion and migration.In conclusion, our findings show that acid-induced selection contributes to the acquisition of a more aggressive phenotype in PDAC cells, characterized by upregulation of SOCE, required for the generation of fast Ca2+ oscillations which may trigger Ca2+-dependent signaling pathways involved in PDAC progression
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Terrie, Élodie. "Rôle de la signalisation calcique dépendante des Store-Operated Channels (SOC) dans les cellules souches neurales adultes et les cellules souches cancéreuses de glioblastomes." Thesis, Poitiers, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019POIT2322.
Анотація:
Des cellules souches neurales (CSN) persistent dans le cerveau adulte et produisent des neurones et des cellules gliales tout au long de la vie de l’individu. Les CSN suscitent un intérêt considérable pour la médecine régénératrice mais leur utilisation thérapeutique potentielle nécessite au préalable d’approfondir les connaissances sur leurs mécanismes de régulation. Les glioblastomes, quant à eux, sont les tumeurs cérébrales les plus fréquentes chez l’adulte et les plus mortelles. Au sein de ces tumeurs, les cellules souches de glioblastomes (CSG) seraient issues de la transformation maligne des CSN et seraient responsable de l’initiation, de la propagation et de la résistance aux traitements des tumeurs. Des analyses transcriptomiques ont suggéré un rôle majeur de la signalisation calcique au sein des CSN et des CSG. Représentant une des voies principales d’entrée du calcium dans la cellule, les canaux calciques SOC (Store-Operated Channels) régulent de nombreux processus cellulaires, y compris la progression tumorale. L’objectif des travaux de cette thèse est d’évaluer le rôle des SOC dans les CSN et les CSG.Nous avons établi par des approches in vitro et in vivo, que les CSN de souris adulte expriment des SOC fonctionnels et que leur inhibition pharmacologique diminue la prolifération et l’autorenouvellement des CSN, propriété indispensable au maintien de la population souche. La deuxième partie de nos travaux montre que les CSG issues de cultures primaires de patients expriment des SOC dont l’inhibition altère la prolifération et l’autorenouvellement de ces cellules.Ainsi, les résultats obtenus lors de cette thèse mettent en évidence un rôle essentiel des SOC dans la régulation de l’autorenouvellement des CSN et des CSG. Les CSG étant responsables de la résistance aux traitements dans le glioblastome, ces travaux ouvrent des perspectives thérapeutiques ciblant les canaux calciques pour contrer cette pathologie au pronostic sombreNeural stem cells (NSC) persist in the brain of adult mammals and fuel the brain with new neurons and glial cells all lifelong. Recruited by brain injuries, NSC are considered with great interest by regenerative medicine. However, the development of new therapeutic approaches based on the use of NSC requires an in-depth knowledge of the mechanism regulating these cells. Glioblastomas are the most frequent and deadliest form of adult brain tumors. Within the tumor, glioblastoma stem cells (GSC) form a subpopulation of cells that is considered as responsible of tumor initiation, propagation and relapse, as these cells are particularly resistant to anti-tumoral treatments. GSC and NSC share key characteristics and numerous studies suggest that GSC arise from transformed NSC. Transcriptomic analysis of NSC and of GSC revealed an enrichment of calcium signaling transcripts in these two cell populations. Representing a major way of calcium influx into cells, Store-Operated Channels (SOC) are mobilized in response to a wide range of extracellular factors. SOC regulate many cellular processes and are often hijacked in cancer to promote tumor progression.The aim of this thesis is to evaluate potential SOC involvement in NSC and GSC regulation.The first part of this work, relying on in vitro and in vivo studies, demonstrates that NSC from adult mice express functional SOC whose inhibition by pharmacological agents reduces NSC proliferation and self-renewal. In the second part of this thesis, we demonstrate that GSC from primary cultures derived from patients express SOC, as do NSC, and that SOC inhibition reduces GSC ability to proliferate and self-renew.Accordingly, the results of this thesis demonstrate that SOC regulate NSC and GSC self-renewal, a property that is essential to maintain stem cells pool. As GSC are responsible for glioblastomas treatment resistance, our studies point to a potential new therapeutic way, via calcium channels, against this deadly pathology
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Dramane, Gado. "Etude de la signalisation calcique dans les cellules gustatives lipidiques chez la souris." Thesis, Dijon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012DIJOS035/document.
Анотація:
Les personnes en surcharge pondérale semblent préférer une alimentation riche en graisse. Face à l'épidémie d'obésité qui touche nos Sociétés tant urbaines que rurales, élucider les mécanismes de la détection des lipides alimentaires devient un enjeu majeur. Il avait précédemment été admis que la glycoprotéine CD36 exprimée dans les papilles caliciformes de souris, est impliquée dans la perception oro-gustative des lipides alimentaires. Dans ce travail, nous avons montré que l'acide linoléique (LA), en activant les phospholipases A2, sPLA2, cPLA2 et iPLA2 via CD36, produit de l'acide arachidonique (AA) et la lyso-phosphatidylcholine (lyso-PC). LA déclenche un influx calcique dans les cellules CD36-positives et induit la production du facteur CIF (Calcium Influx Factor). CIF, AA et lyso-PC exercent différentes actions sur l'ouverture des canaux SOC (Stored Operated Calcium Channel) constitués de protéines Orai et contrôlés par STIM1. Stim1 est un senseur calcique situé sur la membrane du réticulum endoplasmique activé par la déplétion du calcium intracellulaire. Nous avons utilisé la technologie siRNA et des modèles de souris transgéniques pour montrer que CIF et lyso-PC activent des canaux calciques homodimériques composés de protéines Orai1 tandis qu’AA active des canaux hétéro-pentamériques composés d’Orai1 et Orai3. Nous avons également montré que STIM1 régule la production de CIF dans les cellules stimulées par la thapsigargine et l’acide linoléique ainsi que l'ouverture de deux types de canaux calciques. Par ailleurs les souris au phénotype Stim1-/- perdent la préférence spontanée pour les lipides observé chez les animaux de type sauvage. D’un autre côté les cellules CD36-positive de souris Stim1-/- sont incapables de libérer la sérotonine dans l'environnement extracellulaire. Nos résultats suggèrent que des acides gras à longue chaine (AGLC) induisent la signalisation calcique régie par STIM1 via CD36. La perception oro-gustative des lipides alimentaires détermine la préférence spontanée pour les lipides observée chez les mammifèresThe lipid-binding glycoprotein CD36, expressed by circumvallate papillae (CVP) of the mouse tongue, has been shown to be implicated in oro-gustatory perception of dietary lipids. We demonstrate that linoleic acid (LA) by activating sPLA2, cPLA2 and iPLA2 via CD36, produced arachidonic acid (AA) and lyso-phosphatidylcholine (Lyso-PC) which triggered Ca2+ influx in CD36-positive taste bud cells (TBC), purified from mouse CVP. LA induced the production of Ca2+ influx factor (CIF). CIF, AA and Lyso-PC exerted different actions on the opening of store-operated Ca2+ (SOC) channels, constituted of Orai proteins and regulated by STIM1, a sensor of Ca2+ depletion in the endoplasmic reticulum. We used siRNA technology and transgenic mice models and observed that CIF and Lyso-PC opened Orai1 channels whereas AA-opened Ca2+ channels were composed of Orai1/Orai3. STIM1 was found to regulate LA-induced CIF production and opening of both kinds of Ca2+ channels. Furthermore, Stim1–/– mice lost the spontaneous preference for fat, observed in wild-type animals. The CD36-positive TBC from Stim1–/– mice also failed to release serotonin into extracellular environment. Our results suggest that fatty acid-induced Ca2+ signaling, regulated by STIM1 via CD36, might be implicated in oro-gustatory perception of dietary lipids and the spontaneous preference for fat
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Rodolfo, Junior Francisco. "Caracterização de variedades de cana-soca sob diferentes regimes hídricos no Cerrado." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.26512/2015.04.T.19048.
Анотація:
Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia, 2015.A cana-de-açúcar é uma planta C4 que possui boa adaptabilidade em regiões tropicais e subtropicais, em diferentes tipos de solos e condições climáticas, destacando a sua grande importância econômica no cenário mundial atual, por ser matéria prima de produtos como o álcool e o açúcar e subprodutos. A deficiência hídrica é um dos principais fatores que limitam a produção da cana-de-açúcar. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar variedades de cana-soca sob diferentes regimes hídricos no Cerrado brasileiro. O experimento foi conduzido em uma área de 0,36 hectares, localizada na EMBRAPA Cerrados, próxima a Planaltina-DF. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos ao acaso com três repetições em parcelas subdivididas; cada variedade constituía uma parcela e os diferentes regimes hídricos, irrigado e sequeiro, as subparcelas. No experimento a irrigação foi aplicada conforme o sistema Line Source Sprinkler System, modificado de forma que a lâmina de água aplicada na cultura descresse do centro para as extremidades da área. Foram avaliadas características biométricas: diâmetro médio do colmo (DMC), altura média do perfilho (AMP), número de folhas verdes completamente abertas (NFVA), comprimento e largura da folha +3 (C+3 e L+3, respectivamente), índice de área foliar (IAF) e área foliar (AF); características de produção: produtividade de colmos e qualidade do caldo : comprimento do entrenó (CE), peso do colmo (PC), número de perfilhos por hectare e produtividade; tecnológicos do caldo: ºBrix do caldo, Pol do caldo (teor de sacarose), pureza (PZA), AR (teor de açúcares redutores do caldo), ARC (açúcares redutores da cana), fibras, Pol da cana (PCC), açúcares totais recuperáveis (ATR) e o valor da megagrama da cana (VMgC); e características fisiológicos: prolina livre na folha; e trocas gasosas foliares: transpiração (E), condutância estomática (gs), fotossíntese líquida (A), carboxilação (EC); e aumento da eficiência intrínseca do uso da água (EIUA) e a concentração foliar de clorofilas (a, b e total); Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e regressão, e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a p<0,05. A variedade RB867515 foi a que apresentou maiores valores biométricos de DMC, AMP, C+3 e L+3, tanto em cultivo irrigado como em sequeiro; observou-se que houve redução nos números de NFVA, e aumento do NFE e NFM por perfilhos quando as variedades foram cultivadas em sequeiro; as variedades RB835486 e RB867515 se mostraram melhor adaptadas à restrição hídrica ocorrida até os 137 DAC para os tratamentos em sequeiro. A variedade RB867515 e a RB855156 foram as que obtiveram maior produtividade, com 174,99 e 148,10 Mg ha-1, respectivamente. A cana-de-açúcar cultivada com irrigação equivalente a 75% da ETc não proporcionou diferença significativa para a qualidade industrial das variedades RB835486, RB855156 e RB867515 em relação ao cultivo em sequeiro (0% da ETc). Não houve diferença significativa para os valores do teor de açúcares redutores (AR), açúcares redutores da cana (ARC) e a pureza do caldo (PZA) entre as variedades RB835486, RB855156 e RB867515. As variedades de cana-de-açúcar RB835486, RB855156 e RB867515 cultivadas em sistema de sequeiro apresentaram redução na transpiração (E), condutância estomática (gs), fotossíntese líquida (A), carboxilação (EC), clorofila a (Clo a), clorofila total (Clo a+b); e aumento da eficiência intrínseca do uso da água (EIUA).
The sugarcane is a C4 plant that has good adaptability in tropical and subtropical regions, in different types of soils and climatic conditions, highlighting its great economic importance in the current world scenario, because it is raw material for products such as alcohol and sugar and byproducts. Water stress is a major factor limiting the production of cane sugar. The objective of this study was to characterize ratoon varieties under different water regimes cultived in the Brazilian Cerrado. The experiment was conducted in an area of 0.36 hectares, located in EMBRAPA Cerrado, near Planaltina-DF. The experimental design was a randomized block design with three replications in a split plot; each variety was a plot and the different water regimes, irrigated and rainfed, the subplots. In the experiment the irrigation was applied as Line Source Sprinkler System system, modified so that the amount of water applied to disbelieve culture from the center to the edges of the area. Biometric characteristics were evaluated: average diameter of the stem (DMC), average stem height (AMP), number of wide open green leaves (NFVA), length and width of the sheet +3 (C+3 and L+3, respectively), leaf area index (LAI) and leaf area (LA); production characteristics: sugarcane yield and quality of the broth: length of internode (EC), stem weight (PC), tiller number per hectare productivity; processing the juice: °Brix of the juice, the juice Pol (Sucrose content), purity (PZA), AR (content of reducing sugars of the juice), ARC (reducing sugarcane), fibers, cane Pol (PCC), sugars total recoverable (ATR) and the value of megagram sugarcane (VMgC); and physiological characteristics: free proline in leaf; and leaf gas exchange: transpiration (E), stomatal conductance (gs), net photosynthesis (A), carboxylation (CE); and increased intrinsic water use efficiency (EIUA) and leaf chlorophyll concentration (a, b and total); Data were subjected to analysis of variance and regression and the means compared by Tukey test ap <0.05. The RB867515 variety showed the largest biometric values of DMC, AMP, C+3 and L+3 in both irrigated and rainfed; it was observed that there was a reduction in the number of NFVA and increasing the SNF and NFM per tiller where varieties were grown in upland; the RB835486 and RB867515 varieties proved better suited to water restriction occurred until 137 CAD for treatments in upland. The RB867515 and RB855156 variety were the ones that had higher productivity, with 174.99 and 148.10 Mg ha-1, respectively. The sugarcane grown with irrigation equivalent to 75% of ETc not provided significant difference to the quality of industrial RB835486 varieties, RB855156 and RB867515 concerning cultivation in rainfed (0% ETc). There was no significant difference in the values of reducing sugars (AR), reducing sugarcane (ARC) and the purity of the broth (PZA) between varieties RB835486, RB855156 and RB867515. The varieties of sugarcane RB835486, RB855156 and RB867515 grown in rainfed system had reduced transpiration (E), stomatal conductance (gs), net photosynthesis (A), carboxylation (CE), chlorophyll a (Clo a) chlorophyll (Clo a+b); and increased intrinsic water use efficiency (EIUA).
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SILVA, Evanilson Paulino da. "Subsolagem e irrigação em cana soca sob doses crescentes de nitrogênio." Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 2016. http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/7646.
Анотація:
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Irrigation can provide great influence on the productivity of sugarcane, but part of the sugarcane fields under irrigation are still getting inadequate management of varieties and soil. Then, must be identified management that optimize the sugarcane yield and increase the crop longevity. Among these practices, the suitable fertilization after each harvest and the soil management combined with irrigation management, can contribute to increase productivity and longevity of sugarcane crop. Then, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of subsoiling on soil physical attributes with sugarcane growing after two harvests and on the retention water and productivity under nitrogen doses. The treatments were arranged in three blocks randomized with arrangement in split plots, composed of five levels of nitrogen (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 t.ha-1) with and without subsoiling, being evaluated under rainfed and irrigated conditions resulting in two experiments. Soil physical properties were evaluated on 0-20; 20-40 and 40-60 cm, which are hydraulic conductivity, penetration resistance, bulk density, water retention curve and pore distribution by size. Additionally, some technological quality parameters of sugarcane were determined, as the productivity of stalks (TCH), tons of total reducing sugar per hectare and tons of Pol per hectare. The results were analyzed by F test (ANOVA) and the significant results have evaluated through a comparison of means using the Tukey test, at a level of 5% probability. Regression analysis was used for evaluate nitrogen levels effect. The results showed that subsoiling didn’t increase significantly the water soil retention since total porosity increased only in some layers. The density of the soil subsoiled reduced while, soil hydraulic conductivity increased by 50%, and as a result there was significant reduction in soil penetration resistance values. Among the technological variables, only productivity showed significant gains. The N rates favored a linear increase in productivity. Subsoiling tend to be a promising practice to contribute in maintaining the sugarcane yield after 2nd harvest.
A irrigação pode exercer grande influência sobre a produtividade da cana de açúcar, porém parte dos canaviais cultivados sob irrigação ainda estão recebendo o manejo inadequado das variedades e do solo. Nesse contexto, é necessário que sejam identificadas práticas de manejo que otimizem o rendimento do canavial e aumentem a longevidade da socaria. Dentre essas práticas, a adequação das doses dos nutrientes fornecidos a cultura após cada corte e o manejo do solo pós-colheita aliadas ao manejo da irrigação, podem auxiliar no incremento de produtividade e longevidade do canavial. Assim, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos da subsolagem nos atributos físicos de um solo cultivado com cana de açúcar em 3ª folha irrigada e os reflexos na capacidade de absorção de água e na produtividade, sob doses crescentes de nitrogênio. Os tratamentos foram dispostos em três blocos casualizados com arranjo em parcelas subdivididas, compostos de cinco doses de nitrogênio (0, 40, 80, 120 e 160 t ha-1) em solo com e sem subsolagem, testando-se em condições de sequeiro e irrigado, resultando em dois experimentos. Os atributos físicos do solo foram avaliados nas camadas de 0-20; 20-40 e 40-60 cm, quais sejam, condutividade hidráulica saturada, resistência do solo à penetração, densidade do solo, curva característica de retenção de água no solo e distribuição dos poros por tamanho. Além disso, foram determinados alguns parâmetros de qualidade tecnológica da cana de açúcar, como a produtividade de colmos (TCH), toneladas de ATR por hectare e toneladas de Pol por hectare. Os resultados foram analisados pelo teste F (ANOVA) e os resultados significantes foram analisados pela comparação entre médias usando o teste Tukey, ao nível de 5% de probabilidade. A análise de regressão foi utilizada para avaliar o efeito das doses de nitrogênio. Os resultados indicaram que a subsolagem não promoveu aumento significativo na retenção de água, uma vez que a porosidade total do solo aumentou significativamente apenas em algumas das camadas avaliadas. A densidade do solo subsolado reduziu, enquanto que a condutividade hidráulica do solo aumentou em 50% e consequentemente, houve redução significativa nos valores de resistência do solo à penetração. Entre as variáveis tecnológicas, apenas a produtividade apresentou ganhos significativos. A TCH aumentou nas áreas subsoladas com interação significativa com as doses crescentes de nitrogênio, refletindo em aumento linear de produtividade. A subsolagem nas entrelinhas da soqueira mostrou-se, portanto, como uma promissora prática auxiliar na busca pela manutenção do rendimento do canavial no 3º corte.
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Guerra, Fábio Bandeira. "Mercados brasileiro e canadense de etanol: uma análise comparativa sob a ótica da Nova Economia Institucional." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11132/tde-16082012-104550/.
Анотація:
No atual contexto mundial de incessante busca por fontes renováveis de energia, o desenvolvimento do mercado de etanol tem sido recorrentemente discutido na academia, assim como na sociedade como um todo. Nesse sentido, abre-se espaço para estudos que visam o aperfeiçoamento desta cadeia agroindustrial, bem como o aprimoramento dos programas destinados à promoção deste biocombustível. Frente a esta demanda, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo realizar uma análise comparativa entre os mercados brasileiro e canadense de etanol, tendo na Nova Economia Institucional o aporte teórico para efetuar esta avaliação, a qual permite identificar algumas semelhanças e divergências. Para tanto, são abordados os seguintes aspectos pertinentes a cada país: informações primárias dos mercados (complexo industrial, produção, consumo, matéria-prima, processo produtivo, frota automotiva, dentre outros aspectos), estrutura de governança (hierárquica, híbrida ou mercado) adotada pelas usinas na regência do elo de suprimento agrícola, e ambiente institucional em que as indústrias, brasileira e canadense, de etanol estão inseridas (políticas de promoção, proteção e regulação do mercado de etanol). Com relação à primeira vertente observada, nota-se que o Brasil possui um mercado de etanol muito mais consolidado em relação ao canadense, ainda que este último demonstre potencial de crescimento. Além disso, o etanol produzido pela indústria nacional apresenta expressiva vantagem competitiva em termos de rendimento agrícola/industrial e ambiental. No que diz respeito ao ambiente institucional, destaca-se a forte intervenção do governo canadense na conduta da indústria doméstica de etanol, de forma a contrastar com a atual posição do Estado nacional, já que este pouco tem atuado na arena decisória do setor sucroenergético brasileiro. Quanto à última questão avaliada, a estrutura de governança, para o mercado brasileiro foi identificado o regime hierárquico (integração vertical cana própria) como predominante, enquanto no Canadá a estrutura mais frequente é a híbrida (estabelecimentos de contratos de compra e venda junto aos fornecedores de matéria-prima agrícola). Divergência explicada, em grande parte, pela elevada especificidade da cana-de-açúcar frente ao milho e trigo.In the current context of incessant search for renewable energies, the development of ethanol market has been often discussed at academic scenery, as well as the whole society. Thus, this situation creates room for studies aimed at improve the ethanol agro-industrial chain, even as the upgrading of programs linked with ethanol promotion. Facing it, this thesis makes a comparative analysis between Brazilian and Canadian ethanol markets, using the New Institutional Economics to identify some similarities and differences. In order to reach this goal, three aspects regarding each country are observed: primary information of markets (industrial complex, production, consumption, raw material, production process, automotive fleet and so on), governance structure (hierarchical, hybrid and market) adopted by ethanol plants to manage their agricultural raw material supply chain, and institutional environment where Brazilian and Canadian mills are involved (policies for promotion, protection and regulation of the ethanol market). Regarding the first analyzed item, it is possible to see that Brazil has an ethanol market much more consolidated than Canadian market, although the last one demonstrates potential for growth. Moreover, the ethanol produced by the domestic industry has significant competitive advantage in terms of agricultural/industrial and environmental yield. About the institutional environment, the results show strong intervention of Canadian government in the conducted of domestic ethanol industry, differently what happens in Brazil, where national state has currently made just few interventions on Brazilian ethanol sector. Regarding the third studied element, the governance structure, for Brazil hierarchical structure was identified as predominant, on the other hand hybrid (establishments of purchase and sale contracts with suppliers of agricultural raw material) structure was considered the most common in Canada. Divergence largely explained by the high specificity of sugarcane compared to corn and wheat.
9
Tian, Fangmeng. "Remigration of talented Chinese among Hong Kong, Canada, and the US in the late half 1990s /." View abstract or full-text, 2006. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?SOSC%202006%20TIAN.
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Nunes, Márcia Manuela Medrado. "Análise da modelagem de canais sem fio sob desvanecimento κ-μ sombreado com aplicações de segurança na camada física e considerações de combate ao desvanecimento". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2017. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/32459.
Анотація:
Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Elétrica, 2018.Submitted by Fabiana Santos (fabianacamargo@bce.unb.br) on 2018-08-21T16:57:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2018_MárciaManuelaMedradoNunes.pdf: 13852008 bytes, checksum: 3612f99d31deb0f99fca41ed725ae4f9 (MD5)
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Esta dissertação apresenta uma análise da modelagem de canal sob o desvanecimento κ-μ sombreado com aplicações de segurança na camada física usando o modelo clássico de escuta de Wyner. O modelo κ-μ sombreado foi escolhido por fornecer um modelo geral de desvanecimento e quando comparado a outros modelos de desvanecimento como o Rayleigh, Rice, Nakagami-m e κ-μ, foi encontrado um melhor ajuste utilizando este modelo. Comparações foram feitas utilizando conceitos de Probabilidade de Interrupção de Sigilo (do inglês, Secrecy Outage Probability, SOP), de Capacidade de Sigilo Estritamente Positiva (do inglês, Strictly Positive Secrecy Capacity, SPSC) e Capacidade Média de Sigilo (do inglês, Average Secrecy Capacity, ASC). As formulações fechadas de um caso da SOP e da SPSC foram obtidas e demonstradas. Os resultados e análises são realizados por meio das curvas de SOP, SPSC e ASC, variando as características do canal intruso e do canal principal sob o modelo κ-μ sombreado. Além disso, algumas técnicas de combate ao desvanecimento aplicadas ao canal principal são analisadas como a Combinação Seletiva (do inglês, Selection Combining, SC), a Combinação por Razão Máxima (do inglês, Maximum Ratio Combining, MRC) e a técnica de Múltiplas Entradas e Múltiplas Saídas (do inglês, Multiple-In Multiple-Out, MIMO) com o canal de desvanecimento κ-μ sombreada.
This dissertation presents an analysis of shadowed κ-μ fading channel with security applications at the physical layer using the Wynner’s classic wiretap model. The κ-μ shadowed model was chosen because it provided a general model of fading and when compared to other fading models such as Rayleigh, Rice, Nakagami-m and κ-μ, a better fit was found using this model. Comparisons were made using concepts of Secrecy Outage Probability (SOP), Strictly Positive Secrecy Capacity (SPSC) and Average Secrecy Capacity (ASC). The closed formulations of a case of SOP and SPSC were obtained and demonstrated. The results and analyzes are performed using the SOP, SPSC and ASC curves, varying the characteristics of the intrusion channel and the main channel under the κ-μ shadowed model. In addition, some techniques to combat fading applied to the main channel are analyzed as the Selective Combination (SC), Maximum Ratio Combining (MRC) e Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO).
Книги з теми "Canaux SOC":
1
Rykert, J. C. Argument of J.C. Rykert, Esq., counsel for Mr. Ellis, supt., before A.F. Wood, commissioner, 13th Vovember [sic] 1889. [St. Catharines, Ont.?: s.n., 1994.
2
Warren, C. Leigh. Urbanisation des terres rurales au Canada, 1981-86. Ottawa, Ont: Environnement Canada, Conservation et protection, 1989.
3
Khan, S. T. Ali. Production du pois sec au Canada. Ottawa, Ont: Agriculture Canada, 1989.
4
Wurtele, A. G. G. né 1857., Tonnancour époque 1815, and Bas-Canada Cour d'appel, eds. Province du Bas-Canada: Cour d'appels [sic], Wurtele, appellant [sic], vs. Tonnancour, intimé. [S.l: s.n., 1986.
5
Canada. Dept. of Agriculture., ed. Labour wants of Canada. Ottawa: Dept. of Agriculture, 1986.
6
Society, Niagara Historical. Family history and reminicences [sic] of early settlers. [Niagara, Ont: Niagara Historical Society, 1995.
7
Attridge, Ian. Estimation et imposition des services fonciers de conservation au Canada. Ottawa, Ont: Conseil nord-américain de conservation des terres humides (Canada), 1997.
8
Canada. Affaires indiennes et du Nord Canada. Procédures d'approbation du MAINC concernant les projets d'exploitation: Projets d'exploitation minière et forestière et autres activités d'aménagement du territoire pour le Yukon. Ottawa, Ont: Affaires indiennes et du Nord Canada, 2002.
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1768-1850, Hart Moses, Hart Sarah m. 1826, and Bas-Canada Cour d'appel, eds. Province du Bas-Canada, Cour d'appels [sic]: Hart, appellant [sic] vs. Hart, intimé : cas de l'intimée. [S.l: s.n., 1986.
10
Dumanski, J. Le point sur l'aménagement des terres agricoles au Canada: D'après le recensement de l'agriculture du Canada de 1991. Ottawa: Centre de recherches sur les terres et les ressources biologique, Agriculture et agro-alimentaire Canada, 1994.
Частини книг з теми "Canaux SOC":
1
Rugge, Cristina, Giulio Ciccarese, Antonio Longo, Salvatore Petrachi, and Marco Marcello Niceta Poti’. "Interventi di tutela e valorizzazione della biodiversità del SIC ”Torre dell’Orso"- IT 9150004." In Proceedings e report, 586–96. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-147-1.59.
Анотація:
The project for the enhancement of the SIC IT9150004 (POR Puglia 2014/2020 Axis VI Environmental protection and promotion of natural and cultural resources - Interventions for the protection and enhancement of terrestrial and marine biodiversity) involves the enhancement of the Brunese Canal which makes it a fundamental infrastructure through the upgrading of the waterway, the coordination between environmental and rural development policies, the redevelopment and recovery of the landscape of its compromised areas together with the reduction of the pollution and the consequent improvement in the quality of the water poured into the sea.
2
Minazaki, CK, MC Menão, LCS Silva, EC Leanza, CA Silva, and CED Petermann. "AÇÃO DO PENTOBARBITAL SÓDICO NOS CANAIS KATP: UMA ANÁLISE BIOFÍSICA." In Ciência Animal e Veterinária: tópicos atuais em pesquisa - Volume 4, 29–39. Editora Científica Digital, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.37885/231215326.
Анотація:
Objetivo Biofísicos tem se dedicado ao estudo dos diferentes aspectos ligados aos canais de K+ e tem sido descrito que são proteínas muito importantes atuando significativamente na modulação tanto da atividade elétrica da membrana celular quanto na modulação das vias vinculadas ao metabolismo celular. Este canal foi identificado em miócitos ventriculares, células musculares esqueléticas e neurônios na substância negra (SNC), hipocampo, células corticais e gânglios da base, é neste contexto que o objetivo deste trabalho se fundamenta em demonstrar a dinâmica do canal KATP em ilhotas perfundidas (in vitro) demonstrando através de uma técnica da biofísica o lócus de ação do barbiturato tiopental. Métodos. Foi utilizado este modelo experimental por já existir consenso quanto ao mecanismo secretório. Foi utilizado o método de isolamento via colagenase seguido de incubação com 86Rb e perfusão em câmara sob temperatura controlada permitindo a coleta do efluente radioativo a cada 2 minutos. Tiopental 2mM foi adicionado ao meio de perfusão após 20 minutos da coleta do efluente para avaliar sua ação. Resultados. Tiopental bloqueou o efluxo do 86Rb no mesmo sítio de ação já descrito enquanto efeito secretagogo da glicose. Conclusão: Este trabalho reitera que o barbiturato tiopental atua bloqueando os canais de KATP, ação similar ao observado quando a glicose ao ser metabolizada modifica a relação ATP/ADP e promove o bloqueio do canal.
3
Vittum, Patricia J. "Lepidopteran Pests: Family Crambidae (Formerly Pyralidae), Subfamily Crambinae." In Turfgrass Insects of the United States and Canada, 107–26. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501747953.003.0008.
Анотація:
This chapter addresses sod webworms, which refers to a large number of grass-infesting moths and larvae of the family Crambidae (formerly Pyralidae), subfamily Crambinae. Adults are often called lawn moths because of their habitat or snout moths because of the prominent labial palpi that extend in front of the head. Most of the turfgrass-infesting species originally were placed in the genus Crambus, which is distributed practically worldwide. About 100 species are recognized in North America. The six most important sod webworm species in the eastern temperate regions of the United States include the bluegrass webworm; the striped sod webworm; the silver-striped webworm; the larger sod webworm; the corn root webworm; and the subterranean webworm, also known as the cranberry girdler. Sod webworms restrict their feeding, with rare exceptions, to plants of the family Gramineae, and turfgrasses serve as ideal host plants. The chapter then considers tropical-region sod webworms.
4
Imbeault, Sophie. "L’essai historique au Québec et au Canada français." In Faire son temps, 49–82. Presses de l'Université Laval, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/jj.8500753.6.
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Imbeault, Sophie. "L’essai historique au Québec et au Canada français." In Faire son temps, 49–81. Les Presses de l’Université de Laval, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9782763740065-004.
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"The Soldier as Canada." In Death So Noble, 136–62. University of British Columbia Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.59962/9780774854894-008.
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Foucher, Pierre. "L’usage limité de l’histoire dans les causes linguistiques devant les tribunaux au Canada." In Faire son temps, 295–336. Presses de l'Université Laval, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/jj.8500753.18.
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Foucher, Pierre. "L’usage limité de l’histoire dans les causes linguistiques devant les tribunaux au Canada." In Faire son temps, 295–336. Les Presses de l’Université de Laval, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9782763740065-016.
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Bueltmann, Tanja, and Donald M. MacRaild. "Charity and mutual aid: the pillars of English associations." In The English diaspora in North America. Manchester University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781526103710.003.0006.
Анотація:
Having established the structures and social and cultural activities of English ethnic associations, Chapter 5 examines in detail the two critical pillars of English ethnic associationalism: charity and mutual aid. It does this through the charity dispensed by St George’s societies, and the collective self-help facilitated in particular by the Sons of England (there are no detailed archives for the OSStG, hence the focus on the SoE). The chapter explores both levels of support and the regulatory framework adopted by the associations to disburse funds. By exploring the aid distributed by St George’s societies, this chapter enables us to examine the level of associational networking between organisations in dispensing charity to all immigrant groups, and the extent to which this gave those organisations a wider civic role. We have located particularly good records for the SoE in Canada and thus explore the workings of this friendly society. Quite unlike the St George’s societies, the SoE built up reserves of members’ funds, which were expended on sickness, unemployment and burial benefits. Ranging across Canada from the Maritimes to British Columbia, and entailing thousands of members in hundreds of lodges, and engaging in the good management of funds and the promulgation of a shared English culture, the Sons add very significantly to our understanding of what it meant to be English in North America.
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Kaur, Rajinder, and Prabal Mehrotra. "Data Protection." In Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Business Convergence, Computing, and Legality, 208–15. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-4209-6.ch019.
Анотація:
The right to privacy, characterised by Justice Brandeis in Olmestead v. United States (1928)277 US 438 as the “right to be let alone: the most comprehensive of rights and the right most valued by civilised men,” is recognized under India’s constitution by the Supreme Court in four rulings: Kharak Singh v. State of Uttar Pradesh and Ors. AIR 1963 SC 1295; Govind v. State of Madhya Pradesh and Anr. (1975)2 SCC 148; R. Rajagopal alias R.R. Gopal and Anr. v. State of Tamil Nadu and Ors. (1994)6 SCC 632; and District Registrar and Collector, Hyderabad and Anr. v. Canara Bank (2005)1 SCC 496.1 This aim of this chapter is to analyze the legislative provisions prevalent in India, especially those afforded by the Information Technology (Amendment) Act, 2008, and the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology, Government of India, and also the legislative provisions accorded to data protection in the United Kingdom and the United States of America, so as to be able to reach a conclusion that will address the need for data protection law(s).
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Canaux SOC":
1
Da Paixão, Vandenberg B., and Renato M. De Moraes. "Um Método de Ocupação de Canal por Redes de Sensores sob Interferência WLAN Comparando com Padrões Industriais." In XVIII Workshop em Desempenho de Sistemas Computacionais e de Comunicação. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/wperformance.2019.6464.
Анотація:
Trocar dados em redes de sensores sob interferência de outras tecnologias requer estratégias de comunicação multicanal e diversas metodologias de protocolos de acesso ao meio foram adotadas buscando melhor desempenho. Este artigo propõe um novo método de busca e posse de um canal de comunicação, considerando a relação sinal-ruı́do atuando em ambientes sob interferências de outras redes locais sem fio WLANs (do inglês Wireless Local Area Networks), onde o canal a ser ocupado resulta o menor nı́vel de interferência. São apresentados resultados comparativos com outras tecnologias que empregam troca de canais sob interferência com uso de blacklist, como o ISA100.11a e o IEEE802.15e/ATSCHa, onde mostramos que o método aqui proposto obtém o melhor desempenho, pois garante que o canal ocupado é o melhor disponı́vel.
2
Echevarria, Victor. "Engineering Solutions to the Problem of Hypersalinity in Florida Power & Light’s Turkey Point Cooling Canals." In SNAME Maritime Convention. SNAME, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/smc-2010-stu01.
Анотація:
The aim of this project is to investigate engineering methods to reduce salinity in the cooling canals at the Florida Power & Light (FP&L) Turkey Point Power Plant. In order to stop discharging hot water from the plant into the adjacent Biscayne Bay, a cooling canal system was made operational in 1972 that occupies an area 3.2 km wide by 8.0 km long extending south of the plant. The 5,900 acre canal system has been measured at twice the salinity of the adjacent Biscayne Bay at as high as 68 ppt [Appendix i]. Florida Power & Light added a canal along the western perimeter of the cooling canal system to intercept seepage. The interceptor ditch enables FP&L to pump seepage back into the canal system during the dry season thus reducing the groundwater flow of hypersaline water to the west. The Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) and the South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD) are monitoring a saltwater plume migrating west of FP&L property (FDEP/SFWMD Miami-Dade Saltwater Intrusion Presentation pg 3). Tidal influences have a profound effect on saltwater intrusion, so it is difficult to quantify the influence of the canals on this plume. To ensure that FP&L has no culpability in the contamination of ground water, the cooling canals should either operate at a lower level of salinity or be isolated to restrict flow to underground sources of water. Isolation, however, is not an appealing option as the methods which have been conceptualized are highly invasive. Environmental concerns are abundant as the ecosystem within the cooling canals supports at least 17 protected species of birds and animals of South Florida. Over 25% of the world’s population of the American crocodile resides in the Turkey Point cooling canals. Very few organisms require a hypersaline condition to thrive; therefore, lowering the salt concentration of the canal system is not expected to have adverse effects upon the ecosystem. Careful attention must be paid to ensure wildlife survival during treatment and/or disposal system development and operation.
3
Garzón-Alvarado, D. A., and L. M. Peinado-Cortés. "Appearance and Development of Secondary Ossification Center: A Mathematical Model Approach." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19648.
Анотація:
This paper introduces an “hypothesis about the growth pattern of the secondary ossification centre (SOC)”, whereby two phases are assumed. First, the formation of cartilage canals as an event essential for the development of the SOC. Second, hence the canals are merged in the central zone of the epiphysis, molecular factors are released (primarily Runx2 and MMP9) spreading and causing hypertrophy of adjacent cells. In order to test this hypothesis we solve a system of coupled partial differential equations using the finite element method and we have obtained spatio-temporal patterns of the growth process of the SOC. The model is in qualitatively agreement with experimental results previously reported by other authors.
4
Zhu, Binjie, Hanjun Jiang, Liyuan Liu, Jigang Shao, Liwei Deng, Fule Li, Chun Zhang, and Zhihua Wang. "A wireless SoC for alimentary canal pH value continuously monitoring." In 2011 IEEE 54th International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mwscas.2011.6026525.
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Dias, Bruno, Rosiane Rodrigues, and Nelson Maculan Filho. "Modelos teóricos e algoritmos para a otimização da alocação de canais em redes móveis sem fio." In XXVIII Concurso de Teses e Dissertações da SBC. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/ctd.2015.10007.
Анотація:
Problemas de alocação de canais são encontrados no planejamento de redes de telecomunicações, onde deve-se atribuir um canal por chamada efetuada respeitando restrições de separação entre estações transceptoras, de forma a otimizar algum critério. Neste trabalho, o problema foi explorado com enfoque de Otimização Combinatória, com a proposição de novos modelos teóricos envolvendo coloração de grafos, escalonamento em máquinas paralelas e geometria de distâncias, bem como com a definição de estratégias algorítmicas exatas e aproximadas envolvendo programação inteira e por restrições, e heurísticas baseadas em busca local, para a resolução dos mesmos. Os resultados computacionais obtidos foram competitivos com outros trabalhos da literatura, onde se provou a otimalidade em alguns casos e obteve-se melhores resultados e com melhor desempenho em outros. Em suma, as abordagens propostas permitem que o ferramental de outros problemas seja aplicado ao planejamento de redes móveis sem fio, além de apresentarem novos desafios científicos para a área.
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de Oliveira, Francisco Kelsen, José Rogério Santana, and Maria Gilvanise de Oliveira Pontes. "O vídeo pela Internet como ferramenta educacional." In Workshop de Informática na Escola. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/wie.2010.25414.
Анотація:
Este trabalho visa apresentar as possibilidades educacionais de utilização de canais de vídeo transmitidos via Internet. Para isso, foi realizada uma experiência com um curso de Construções Geométricas elementares para alunos de escolas públicas. Além disso, pretende-se aferir o uso de tais canais de vídeos sob duas perspectivas: na primeira, o vídeo como recurso principal e como auxiliar na segunda. Dessa forma, busca-se as peculiaridades de cada experiência realizada através da análise das duas situações de uso do vídeo.
7
"The impact of Phytophthora ramorum on Canada." In Sudden Oak Death Online Symposium. The American Phytopathological Society, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/sod-2003-ea.
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Aljefri, Yasir M., Keith W. Hipel, Liping Fang, and M. Abul Bashar. "Misperception in nationalization of the Suez Canal." In 2016 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/smc.2016.7844266.
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Allan, Robert G. "The Impact of Regulations on West Coast Towing Vessel Safety." In SNAME Maritime Convention. SNAME, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/smc-2005-d18.
Анотація:
The paper summarizes a lengthy study performed for Transport Canada evaluating through risk-analysis the effectiveness of regulations on the safety of towing vessels on the west coast of Canada and the USA, and to establish if there was a bias to one country due to the fiscal impact of regulations.
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Andrade Jr., José de, Marcello Campos, and Jose Apolinario Jr. "Sistemas de Criptofonia sob Influência de Canais de Comunicações Móveis." In XXVI Simpósio Brasileiro de Telecomunicações. Sociedade Brasileira de Telecomunicações, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.14209/sbrt.2008.43135.
Звіти організацій з теми "Canaux SOC":
1
Acton, D. F. Les Sols, ue Ressource: Formation d Sol [Chapitre 11: Ressources Quaternaires Du Canada]. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/131667.
2
Aznar, J. C., and M. Malo. Échantillonnage des gaz de sol dans la région de St. Édouard, sud du Québec, Canada. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/295539.
3
King. L52120 Long-Term Environmental Monitoring of Near-Neutral and High-pH SCC Sites. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), January 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011228.
Анотація:
The aims of this project were (i) to monitor the seasonal variation of environmental conditions at stress corrosion cracking (SCC) sites and (ii) to develop an improved site-selection model for SCC. Environmental and other relevant data have been collected for a total of nine known, or suspected, SCC sites; seven near-neutral pH SCC and two high-pH SCC.� The presence of SCC was determined, or predicted, based on in-service or hydrotest failures, excavation, industry soils model, or ILI.� Pipe-depth environmental conditions were monitored continuously for periods of up to 2 years using the permanent NOVAProbe, which is capable of measuring the local redox potential, soil resistivity, pH and temperature close to the pipe surface.� Corrosion coupons were also installed at some sites to monitor the CP conditions and native potential.� In addition, various other information was collected for each site, including pipe information; soil, groundwater, coating, and corrosion product samples; topography and land use; precipitation data; soil gas samples; SCADA pressure data; corrosion and SCC ILI information; CIS data; gas temperature (for high-pH SCC sites); and information about the nature of the SCC.� All sites studied were on gas transmission pipelines in Canada.
4
Aguayo Ulloa, Lorena. Componente socioeconómico: calidad de la canal y de la carne. Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/agrosavia.infografia.2022.14.
Анотація:
La canal, es el producto primario en el proceso de producción de carne. La canal, es la pieza de transición más importante entre el animal vivo y la carne siendo la unidad fundamental para el comercio del sector cárnico formal. Para evaluar la canal de manera comercial, los parámetros objetivos comúnmente usados son: el peso y el rendimiento centesimal.
5
Almond, Douglas, Lena Edlund, and Kevin Milligan. O Sister, Where Art Thou? The Role of Son Preference and Sex Choice: Evidence from Immigrants to Canada. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w15391.
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Dudley, J. P., and S. V. Samsonov. Système de traitement automatisé du gouvernement canadien pour la détection des variations et l'analyse des déformations du sol à partir des données de radar à synthèse d'ouverture de RADARSAT-2 et de la mission de la Constellation RADARSAT : description et guide de l'utilisateur. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329134.
Анотація:
Remote sensing using Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) offers powerful methods for monitoring ground deformation from both natural and anthropogenic sources. Advanced analysis techniques such as Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR), change detection, and Speckle Offset Tracking (SPO) provide sensitive measures of ground movement. With both the RADARSAT-2 and RADARSAT Constellation Mission (RCM) SAR satellites, Canada has access to a significant catalogue of SAR data. To make use of this data, the Canada Centre for Mapping and Earth Observation (CCMEO) has developed an automated system for generating standard and advanced deformation products from SAR data using both DInSAR and SPO methods. This document provides a user guide for this automated processing system.
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Dostie, Jade, Maurice Doyon, and Laure Saulais. Création d’un outil de mesure de la littératie concernant la gestion de l’offre et d’évaluation de son impact. CIRANO, June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54932/tygi8452.
Анотація:
La présente étude s’inscrit dans un processus de développement d’un outil de mesure des connaissances en agroéconomie, plus précisément au sujet de la gestion de l’offre, et ce, au niveau pancanadien. La gestion de l’offre est une politique agricole unique au Canada et dont les effets ne font pas l’unanimité parmi les experts. Puisque les divergences d’opinion concernant la gestion de l’offre ont été portées jusque dans les médias destinés au grand public (éditoriaux, articles d’opinion, etc.), il semble intéressant de mesurer le niveau de connaissance de la population canadienne sur ces principaux éléments. En outre, les consommateurs canadiens manifestent un intérêt croissant vis-à-vis de certains attributs sociaux de leur consommation alimentaire sur lesquels la gestion de l’offre peut avoir un impact indirect – en particulier l’équité, le bien-être animal et l’impact environnemental. Cependant, très peu d’études explorent la connaissance et la compréhension de ces aspects par les consommateurs Nous avons recensé peu de littérature sur le développement d’indicateurs de littératie en agriculture et encore moins en agroéconomie. Cette étude développe dans un premier temps un outil de mesure de la littératie concernant la gestion de l’offre, puis dans un deuxième temps un outil d’évaluation de la perception de la gestion de l’offre par les Canadiens. Les étapes de création des deux outils sont décrites et l’analyse des résultats du prétest de l’outil de mesure de la littératie est présentée et discutée. Le prétest a été complété par 119 répondants, dont 62 évoluant dans le milieu agricole. Les répondants ont en moyenne un score de littératie de 56,4%. L’échantillon étant surreprésenté en ce qui concerne la connaissance du milieu agricole, on estime que ce niveau de littératie relativement faible est plus élevé que celui de la population générale.
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Castets-Renard, Céline, Émilie Guiraud, and Jacinthe Avril-Gagnon. Cadre juridique applicable à l’utilisation de la reconnaissance faciale par les forces de police dans l’espace public au Québec et au Canada Éléments de comparaison avec les États-Unis et l’Europe : sommaire exécutif et recommandations. Observatoire international sur les impacts sociétaux de l'IA et du numérique, September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.61737/ebuf7752.
Анотація:
Ce rapport, préparé sous la supervision de la Pr Céline Castets-Renard, présente les principaux enjeux de l’utilisation de la reconnaissance faciale par les forces de police dans l'espace public au Québec et au Canada et le cadre juridique applicable, en comparaison l’Europe et les États-Unis. Dans un contexte où cette technologie est déployée de plus en plus largement, il convient de mener une réflexion en amont de son déploiement afin d’éliminer ou minimiser les risques encourus, en particulier pour les droits et libertés individuelles. Ce rapport vise ainsi à éclairer les législateurs et les décideurs sur ce que sont les technologies de reconnaissance faciale et les risques encourus, en particulier les risques d’atteinte aux droits et libertés individuelles protégés par les Chartes du Canada et du Québec, et de présenter les solutions déjà mises en œuvre pour envisager celles qui minimisent les risques et l’intrusion de cette technologie sur la vie privée, afin de poser les conditions d’une transparence et meilleure acceptabilité sociale. Outre le support analytique aux décideurs publics, la production de ce rapport a pour objectif d’engager la discussion et les échanges avec toutes les parties prenantes au Québec et au Canada
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Fast, Jane, Andrew Magnaye, Jacquie Eales, and Choong Kim. Les aidants en emploi au Canada : Recueil de fiches infographiques. The Vanier Institute of the Family, May 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.61959/x190507b.
Анотація:
Nous sommes heureux d’annoncer la parution de notre toute dernière copublication sur les aidants en emploi au Canada, produite en partenariat avec le Programme de recherche sur les politiques et les pratiques relatives au vieillissement (RAPP). Ce recueil présente six fiches infographiques, chacune offrant un aperçu de divers aspects de la prestation de soins, ainsi que de la valeur et de la contribution des aidants familiaux au Canada. Les fiches infographiques présentées dans cette ressource mettent en relief l’importante contribution des aidants en emploi au bien-être de leur famille, à leur milieu de travail ainsi qu’à la société dans son ensemble. Elles démontrent en outre que le soutien aux aidants en emploi présente des avantages pour les entreprises, l’accès à des modalités de travail flexibles étant favorable à la fidélisation des talents, à la réduction des coûts de rotation du personnel, et plus encore.
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Hilbrecht, Margo, and Norah Keating. Migration and Urbanization Trends and Family Wellbeing in Canada: A Focus on Disability and Indigenous Issues. The Vanier Institute of the Family, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.61959/q220119z.
Анотація:
Discussions of migration and urbanization in Canada and many other nations typically focus on the experiences of individuals. By doing so, the importance of their family relationships and circumstances may be overlooked. A failure to account for broader family networks has wellbeing consequences for both the people who migrate and/or move to urban locations and their family members who have stayed behind. Beyond the individual-level focus, policies related to migration are usually developed as population-level initiatives. This means that families that are considered vulnerable or at-risk due to certain health and/or demographic factors can remain unnoticed and their special needs unaccounted for. The experiences of these families during migration and urbanization merit greater attention so that policy makers and support services can ensure more equitable opportunities and better family wellbeing outcomes. This paper explores migration and urbanization in Canada in relation to family wellbeing with attention to two at-risk population groups: families with a member who has a disability and families that identify as Indigenous. Both groups experience exclusion, that is, systematic actions resulting in being overlooked, ignored, and at-risk. Indigenous families have endured a long history of colonialism, racism, and oppression (Saul, 2014), resulting in a legacy of grievous harm to families and the chronic underfunding of support services such as healthcare, housing, and child welfare (Government of Canada, 2018a; Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada, 2015). Families in which there is a member with a disability1 require ready access to affordable healthcare and related services to ensure appropriate support, which is linked to the wellbeing of all family members.