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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Broadcasting – Canada"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022

Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Broadcasting – Canada"

1

Bates, Benjamin J. "Broadcasting Policy in Canada." Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 55, no. 4 (November 30, 2011): 605–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2011.619389.

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2

Attallah, Paul. "Public Broadcasting in Canada." Gazette (Leiden, Netherlands) 62, no. 3-4 (July 2000): 177–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0016549200062003002.

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3

MacLennan, Anne Frances. "Private Broadcasting and the Path to Radio Broadcasting Policy in Canada." Media and Communication 6, no. 1 (February 9, 2018): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/mac.v6i1.1219.

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Анотація:

The largely unregulated early years of Canadian radio were vital to development of broadcasting policy. The Report of the Royal Commission on Radio Broadcasting in 1929 and American broadcasting both changed the direction of Canadian broadcasting, but were mitigated by the early, largely unregulated years. Broadcasters operated initially as small, independent, and local broadcasters, then, national networks developed in stages during the 1920s and 1930s. The late adoption of radio broadcasting policy to build a national network in Canada allowed other practices to take root in the wake of other examples, in particular, American commercial broadcasting. By 1929 when the Aird Report recommended a national network, the potential impact of the report was shaped by the path of early broadcasting and the shifts forced on Canada by American broadcasting and policy. Eventually Canada forged its own course that pulled in both directions, permitting both private commercial networks and public national networks.

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4

Boardman, Anthony E., and Aidan R. Vining. "Public Service Broadcasting in Canada." Journal of Media Economics 9, no. 1 (January 1996): 47–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327736me0901_5.

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5

Baldry, Brian D. "Introducing the CBC Broadcasting Centre, Toronto, Canada." SMPTE Journal 102, no. 11 (November 1993): 988–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5594/j03724.

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6

Laht, William V. "Planning of the Canadian Broadcasting Centre Toronto, Canada." SMPTE Journal 102, no. 11 (November 1993): 992–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5594/j03726.

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7

Zolf, Dorothy, and Paul W. Taylor. "Redressing the balance in Canadian broadcasting: A history of religious broadcasting policy in Canada." Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 18, no. 2 (June 1989): 153–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000842988901800203.

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8

Bonina, Geneviève A. "Lessons from Canada." MedienJournal 35, no. 3 (March 25, 2017): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.24989/medienjournal.v35i3.163.

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This article provides an overview of the current approach to evaluation within the Canadian broadcasting sector. Current evaluations take on a variety of labels and guises, but very few actually provide a valid and reliable methodology. The paper provides insight into the need for reform and explains what evaluation should look like to achieve professional evaluation standards. A portion of the proposed evaluation model is used in the context of the Canadian commercial radio licence renewal process to illustrate how it can be applied to evaluate media policy. More importantly, it demonstrates how it can provide lessons for other countries wanting to improve evaluation standards in the quest for heightened accountability.

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9

Grenier, Line. "Radio broadcasting in Canada: the case of ‘transformat’ music." Popular Music 9, no. 2 (May 1990): 221–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261143000003925.

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Анотація:

What do Michel Rivard's ‘Un trou dans les nuages’ and Marjo's ‘Les chats sauvages’ have in common? Both songs were released in 1987 by two well-known French-speaking Québécois artists; they sold over 500,000 copies each and remained on the Top-Ten chart of Radio-Activité for over seventy weeks. These songs were played repeatedly on AM and FM radio stations in Quebec. However, unlike most other hits, Rivard's middle of the road (MOR) ballad was even heard on dance-music radios and Marjo's slow-beat rock appeared on the regular playlist of stations devoted primarily to easy-listening music! In fact, these songs are two examples of ‘transformat’ radio music, that is songs that get airplay on various stations which according to their respective operating license, should specialise in different musical genres and display contrasting programming styles. Using examples drawn from an exploratory study of radio music in private (commercial) FM stations in the Eastern Townships (Québec), this article will address some of the issues raised by transformat music. After a brief analytical portrait of Canada's radio policies and format regulations, I shall examine contrasting explanations of this phenomenon which focus on genre/style, state policy and business/industry. In the closing section, I shall present outlines of an alternative approach which rests upon the acknowledgement of the specific contribution of radio to the social production of popular music and addresses transformats as the outcome of creative repetition broadcasting devices.

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10

King, Gretchen, and Felix Odartey-Wellington. "Challenging “Apartheid” on the Canadian Airwaves: The Community Media Advocacy Centre’s Critical and Intersectional Approach to Broadcasting Policy Advocacy, Scholarship, and Education." Canadian Journal of Communication 47, no. 3 (September 1, 2022): 415–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjc.2022-0046.

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Анотація:

Background: Within research and teaching concerning broadcasting policymaking, there are evident gaps in Canadian communication studies that marginalize the self-determination of people who are Indigenous, racialized, or living with disAbilities. Analysis: The scholar-activism of the Community Media Advocacy Centre (CMAC) seeks to expand the canon of Canadian communications scholarship, especially in the area of broadcasting policy, to include Canada’s history of colonialism and discrimination against racialized people. Conclusion and Implications: This article summarizes the lessons CMAC is learning about broadcasting policy advocacy, scholarship, and education in Canada while advancing its critical and intersectional approach to disrupting settler colonialism and oppression in the media.

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Дисертації з теми "Broadcasting – Canada"

1

Raboy, Marc 1948. "Broadcasting and the idea of the public : learning from the Canadian experience." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=76908.

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2

Rapp-Jaletzke, Sybille M. "The Canadian experience : broadcasting in Canada and its influence on the Canadian identity." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61110.

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Анотація:

This thesis examines the role of broadcasting in Canada with regard to developing and maintaining a national identity in the face of United States influence via the media. The subject is examined within the theoretical framework provided by the science of cybernetics and the Laws of Thermodynamics. A historical overview of Canadian broadcasting policy and institutions is provided. The work of the various royal commissions and other investigatory bodies is analyzed. The most important contemporary institutions, the CRTC, the CBC and the federal Department of Communications, are situated within the context. The effects of the most recent technologies, cable television, satellites, Pay-TV and VCRs are examined. Canadian broadcasting is also viewed in the context of the 1989 Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement and the New World Information and Communication Order. Our conclusion suggests that the future of Canada's identity depends primarily on the quality of domestic broadcasting. Finally, we suggest that Canadians and Europeans, who are facing some comparable problems in a united Europe, can learn from each others's experiences.

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3

Henderson, Jane. "Decade of denial : the CRTC, the public interest, and pay television, 1972-1982." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59394.

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Анотація:

The ten year debate over the introduction of pay television in Canada is addressed using the concept of external signals to examine the interactions between the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) and the players in the regulatory environment.
A critique of the notions of "public interest" and of regulatory "capture" precedes the analysis. An historical overview establishes the key issues shaping the nature of the CRTC as a signal-sending and signal-receiving institution.
The evidence demonstrates that the CRTC was not a passive receptor of external signals, but actively shaped and directed or deflected incoming signals according to its own public priorities. The conclusion holds that the traditional capture model does adequately describe the CRTC's behaviour as it attempted to manage the complex political and technological forces surrounding the pay television issue.

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4

Wagman, Ira. "From spiritual matters to economic facts : recounting problems of knowledge in the history of Canadian audiovisual policy, 1928-61." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=102229.

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Анотація:

Using a theoretical model incorporating recent work in the field of historical epistemology and Michel Foucault's concept of governmentality this dissertation reconsiders key moments in the history of Canadian audiovisual policy as sites for examining the production of knowledge about national cultural activity. Drawing upon archival records, interdisciplinary research and a discursive analysis of policy documents, I argue that the resolution of questions regarding the nature of cultural expertise and the evidentiary value of different forms of knowledge accompanied changing state rationale towards film and broadcasting and foreshadowed the refashioning of Canada's audiovisual sector.
To illustrate, I focus on a period between the establishment of the first Royal Commission on Radio Broadcasting in 1928 and the institution of Canadian content regulations for television in 1960. During this period there are important shifts in the ways the federal government conceived of and administered the audiovisual sector. In the 1920s and 30s, broadcasting and film production were nationalized and placed within publicly funded institutions such as the CBC and NFB. However, less than twenty-five years later, policy rationale towards the audiovisual sector had shifted, with measures put in place to support the development of the cultural industries. The CBC's dominance over broadcasting and regulation had been replaced by a new structural arrangement involving both public and private broadcasters regulated by independent agencies using content quotas to ensure Canadian programming on the airwaves. In Canada's film sector, the NFB's expansion into feature film and television production was halted through policy shifts encouraging the development of the independent film production sector.
Using case studies that explore the historical context behind the emergence of key administrative techniques I document the declining influence of cultural nationalists and humanistic approaches to cultural issues and the rising influence of accountants, statisticians, and scholars from the nascent field of communication studies in the policy process. These developments run concurrently to shifting government rationale towards the audiovisual sector away from developing "national consciousness" towards the creation of a "national economy" for broadcasting and film drawing on previous industrial development models borrowed from the automotive sector and 19th century National Policy.
Although scholarly attention in the field of cultural policy studies has generally focused upon understanding why these shifts occurred, this thesis is devoted primarily towards understanding how such shifts took place. Attention to these questions moves the field of study away from the pragmatic issues of policymaking and towards larger questions surrounding the triangulation between knowledge, state, and cultural production.

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5

Morris, Nystrom Gayle (Gayle Anne) Carleton University Dissertation Political Science. "Broadcasting parliamentary debates in Canada; a question of democratic access." Ottawa, 1994.

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6

Bartley, Allan 1950. "Ottawa ways : the state, bureaucracy and broadcasting, 1955- 1968." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74328.

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Анотація:

The dissertation develops a theory-based, state-centered revisionist explanation of the development of Canadian broadcasting policy during the years 1955 to 1968. The hypothesis contends that state officials seek their own preferred policy outcomes rather than reflecting the preferences of societal actors. The concept of decision points is used to explore the origins of the 1958 Broadcasting Act and the 1968 Broadcasting Act. The evidence suggests the content of these measures was largely determined by bureaucratic actors. Two aspects of the 1968 legislation (the power to approve broadcasting licenses and extension of broadcasting regulatory jurisdiction to cable television) are examined in detail. In both cases, the evidence points to the decisive role of state rather than societal actors in the policy process. Confirmation of the central hypothesis raises questions about society-centered theories of the democratic state.

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7

Goldman, Marni Lisa. ""Oh say can you see, eh?" : the Canadian identity debate and its relation to television." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=26118.

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There exists an embedded assumption that broadcasting must be employed to strengthen the Canadian national identity. Despite efforts to Canadianize our broadcasting system, however, Canadians are watching more and more American television and have more choice of American programming. This has led to a fear of American television as a threat to Canada's continuance as a separate and independent country. By studying the contemporary Canadian context with respect to Canadian drama, the following questions will be addressed: Are Canadian interests dependent on communication policy? Is Canadian dramatic programming essential to the maintenance and enhancement of national identity and cultural sovereignty? Can the illusive quality "Canadian" be defined? Do television dramas made in Canada have distinctively Canadian characteristics and if so, how are these characteristics perceived by audiences? What are the options and alternatives that Canadian policy makers and programmers must face in the midst of the massive internationalization of culture and the onset of the 500 channel universe? In answering these questions, this study sets out to demonstrate how Canadian dramatic programming can be distinctive and unique in a way which still maintains an audience loyalty and a relevance to the Canadian way of life.

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8

Parnis, Deborah L. Carleton University Dissertation Sociology and Anthropology. ""Tuning in": the political economy of commercial radio broadcasting in Canada." Ottawa, 1994.

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9

Li, Wenfei. "Ethnic Broadcasting and Ethnic Relations: A Comparative Study between Canada and China." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28567.

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Анотація:

Ethnic broadcasting is a unique phenomenon of multiethnic countries that could reflect and influence a country's ethnic relations. This study examines the ethnic broadcasting policies and practices in Canada and China, to determine existing issues, and reflect on the countries' ethnic relations and ethnic policies. This thesis analyzes the ethnic broadcasting operations in the two countries comparatively through interpreting with critical lenses the data collected from government and university databases. This analysis is especially interested in the relationship between ethnic relations and the broadcasting media, between ethnic policies and broadcasting policies, and between ethnic politics and ethnic broadcasting content. Several issues in the two countries' ethnic policies and ethnic broadcasting operations are revealed through the comparative analysis, particularly the insufficiency of public broadcasting presence and governmental involvement in Canadian ethnic broadcasting, and the politicization of ethnic relations and ethnic broadcasting operations in China.

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10

Havard, Sophie. "La construction d'une Europe audiovisuelle : l'adequation des politiques menées." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=56812.

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In the 80's, European broadcasting changed dramatically. The rising of new technologies resulted into a growing number of TV programmes' demand while the amount of supply stays unchange.
There are two European strategies: (1) A regulation policy, with the European directive "Television without frontiers"; (2) A promotion of European programmes industry, with MEDIA and EUREKA.
The challenge is beyond the means implemented until now. The building of European audiovisual industry is a slow process, since cultural union and economic union are linked.

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Книги з теми "Broadcasting – Canada"

1

Clark, Ian G. Canada, broadcasting, and me. 2nd ed. Richmond, B.C: Darkwood Holding Co., 1990.

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2

Broadcasting policy in Canada. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010.

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3

J, Fletcher Frederick, and Canada. Royal Commission on Electoral Reform and Party Financing., eds. Election broadcasting in Canada. Toronto: Dundurn Press, 1991.

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4

Ignatieff, Michael. The future of public broadcasting in Canada. [Toronto]: Master and Fellows of Massey College, 1995.

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5

Canada lives here: The case for public broadcasting. Westmount, QC: Linda Leith Publishing, 2015.

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6

Barry, Cooper. Sins of omission: Shaping the news at CBC TV. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1994.

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7

Communications, Canada Department of. Direct-to-home satellite broadcasting for Canada. Ottawa: Policy Review Panel, 1995.

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8

Salter, Liora. The CRTC and broadcasting regulation in Canada. Toronto, Ont: Thomson Carswell, 2008.

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9

Odartey-Wellington, Felix, N. L. 1971-, ed. The CRTC and broadcasting regulation in Canada. Toronto, Ont: Thomson Carswell, 2008.

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10

Docherty, David. Under the volcano: Public service broadcasting in Canada. London: Broadcasting Research Unit, 1986.

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Частини книг з теми "Broadcasting – Canada"

1

Garforth, David L. "Digital Audio Broadcasting in Canada." In Telecommunications, 224–30. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85138-4_19.

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2

Taylor, Gregory. "Canada: Transparency and Control at the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation." In Transparency and Funding of Public Service Media – Die deutsche Debatte im internationalen Kontext, 159–69. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-17997-7_13.

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3

Muller, Janet. "Irish Language Broadcasting since the Good Friday Agreement: Sop in áit na scuaibe? Sword or Ploughshare?" In Language and Conflict in Northern Ireland and Canada, 99–118. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230281677_6.

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4

Roth, Lorna. "(re)Coloring the Public Broadcasting System in Canada: A Case Study of the Aboriginal Peoples Television Network." In The Power of Global Community Media, 31–41. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-01625-6_3.

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5

Roth, Lorna. "(re)Coloring the Public Broadcasting System in Canada: A Case Study of the Aboriginal Peoples Television Network." In Community Media, 31–41. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230604872_3.

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6

Cunningham, Stuart, and Oliver Eklund. "State Actor Policy and Regulation Across the Platform-SVOD Divide." In Palgrave Global Media Policy and Business, 191–208. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95220-4_10.

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AbstractThere are rapidly growing concerns worldwide about the impact of content aggregation and distribution through digital platforms on traditional media industries and society in general. These have given rise to policy and regulation across the social pillar, including issues of privacy, moderation, and cyberbullying; the public interest/infosphere pillar, with issues such as fake news, the democratic deficit, and the crisis in journalism; and the competition pillar, involving issues based on platform dominance in advertising markets. The cultural pillar, involving the impact of SVODs on the ability of content regulation to support local production capacity, is often bracketed out of these debates. We argue this divide is increasingly untenable due to the convergent complexities of contemporary media and communications policy and regulation. We pursue this argument by offering three issues that bring policy and regulation together across the platform-SVOD divide: digital and global players have been beyond the reach of established broadcasting regulation; the nature of the Silicon Valley playbook for disrupting media markets; and platforms and SVODs now need not only to be aggregators but also contributors to local cultures. We draw on three examples: the European Union, Canada and Australia.

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7

Canuel, Alain. "The Influence of the British Empire through the Development of Communications in Canada: French Radio Broadcasting during the Second World War." In Media and the British Empire, 219–32. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230205147_14.

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8

Asquith, Kyle. "5 Publicly Funded, Then Locked Away: The Work of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation." In Dynamic Fair Dealing, 90–99. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/9781442665613-006.

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9

Gendron, Philippe, Kyle Conway, and Lucile Davier. "Chapter 3. News translation on the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation’s English and French websites." In Benjamins Translation Library, 63–81. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/btl.146.03gen.

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10

"16. Broadcasting." In Telecommunications in Canada. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/9781442680425-017.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Broadcasting – Canada"

1

Noroozi, Keivan, and Ke Qiu. "On the Hamiltonicity, Connectivity, and Broadcasting Algorithm of the KCube." In 2015 Third International Symposium on Computing and Networking (CANDAR). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/candar.2015.15.

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2

Dupras, Jonathan, and Pierre Hugues Routhier. "CASE STUDY - UHD introduction at the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation." In SMPTE 2018 Annual Technical Conference & Exhibition. IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5594/m001850.

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3

Khan, Abid Muhammad, Varun Jeoti, MZU Rehman, and MT Jilani. "Noise power estimation for broadcasting OFDM systems." In 2017 IEEE 30th Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (CCECE). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccece.2017.7946746.

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4

Yu Cao and Steven D. Blostein. "Cross-layer Raptor coding for broadcasting over wireless channels with memory." In 2009 11th Canadian Workshop on Information Theory (CWIT). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cwit.2009.5069538.

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5

Tan, Louis, Ashish Khisti, and Emina Soljanin. "Distortion bounds for broadcasting a binary source over binary erasure channels." In 2013 13th Canadian Workshop on Information Theory (CWIT). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cwit.2013.6621591.

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6

Yan, Jun, Bingcheng Zhu, Genfa Zhang, and Julian Cheng. "Optimal user node placement for multi-hop FSO broadcasting communications under weak turbulence conditions." In 2017 15th Canadian Workshop on Information Theory (CWIT). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cwit.2017.7994833.

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7

Leclerc, Fortier, and Hun Tue Huynh. "Performance analysis of a multicarrier digital audio broadcasting system in a wide-band mobile radio environment." In Proceedings of Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering CCECE-94. IEEE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccece.1994.405737.

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8

Schneider, Jerry, Jeffrey Wagner, and Judy Connell. "Restoring Public Trust While Tearing Down Site in Rural Ohio." In The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7319.

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Анотація:

In the mid-1980s, the impact of three decades of uranium processing near rural Fernald, Ohio, 18 miles northwest of Cincinnati, became the centre of national public controversy. When a series of incidents at the uranium foundry brought to light the years of contamination to the environment and surrounding farmland communities, local citizens’ groups united and demanded a role in determining the plans for cleaning up the site. One citizens’ group, Fernald Residents for Environmental Safety and Health (FRESH), formed in 1984 following reports that nearly 300 pounds of enriched uranium oxide had been released from a dust-collector system, and three off-property wells south of the site were contaminated with uranium. For 22 years, FRESH monitored activities at Fernald and participated in the decision-making process with management and regulators. The job of FRESH ended on 19 January this year when the U.S. Secretary of Energy Samuel Bodman and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Administrator Stephen Johnson — flanked by local, state, and national elected officials, and citizen-led environmental watchdog groups including FRESH — officially declared the Fernald Site clean of all nuclear contamination and open to public access. It marked the end of a remarkable turnaround in public confidence and trust that had attracted critical reports from around the world: the Cincinnati Enquirer; U.S. national news programs 60 Minutes, 20/20, Nightline, and 48 Hours; worldwide media outlets from the British Broadcasting Company and Canadian Broadcasting Company; Japanese newspapers; and German reporters. When personnel from Fluor arrived in 1992, the management team thought it understood the issues and concerns of each stakeholder group, and was determined to implement the decommissioning scope of work aggressively, confident that stakeholders would agree with its plans. This approach resulted in strained relationships with opinion leaders during the early months of Fluor’s contract. To forge better relationships, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) who owns the site, and Fluor embarked on three new strategies based on engaging citizens and interested stakeholder groups in the decision-making process. The first strategy was opening communication channels with site leadership, technical staff, and regulators. This strategy combined a strong public-information program with two-way communications between management and the community, soliciting and encouraging stakeholder participation early in the decision-making process. Fluor’s public-participation strategy exceeded the “check-the-box” approach common within the nuclear-weapons complex, and set a national standard that stands alone today. The second stakeholder-engagement strategy sprang from mending fences with the regulators and the community. The approach for dispositioning low-level waste was a 25-year plan to ship it off the site. Working with stakeholders, DOE and Fluor were able to convince the community to accept a plan to safely store waste permanently on site, which would save 15 years of cleanup and millions of dollars in cost. The third strategy addressed the potentially long delays in finalizing remedial action plans due to formal public comment periods and State and Federal regulatory approvals. Working closely with the U.S. and Ohio Environmental Protection Agencies (EPA) and other stakeholders, DOE and Fluor were able to secure approvals of five Records of Decision on time – a first for the DOE complex. Developing open and honest relationships with union leaders, the workforce, regulators and community groups played a major role in DOE and Fluor cleaning up and closing the site. Using lessons learned at Fernald, DOE was able to resolve challenges at other sites, including worker transition, labour disputes, and damaged relationships with regulators and the community. It took significant time early in the project to convince the workforce that their future lay in cleanup, not in holding out hope for production to resume. It took more time to repair relationships with Ohio regulators and the local community. Developing these relationships over the years required constant, open communications between site decision makers and stakeholders to identify issues and to overcome potential barriers. Fluor’s open public-participation strategy resulted in stakeholder consensus of five remedial-action plans that directed Fernald cleanup. This strategy included establishing a public-participation program that emphasized a shared-decision making process and abandoned the government’s traditional, non-participatory “Decide, Announce, Defend” approach. Fernald’s program became a model within the DOE complex for effective public participation. Fluor led the formation of the first DOE site-specific advisory board dedicated to remediation and closure. The board was successful at building consensus on critical issues affecting long-term site remediation, such as cleanup levels, waste disposal and final land use. Fluor created innovative public outreach tools, such as “Cleanopoly,” based on the Monopoly game, to help illustrate complex concepts, including risk levels, remediation techniques, and associated costs. These innovative tools helped DOE and Fluor gain stakeholder consensus on all cleanup plans. To commemorate the outstanding commitment of Fernald stakeholders to this massive environmental-restoration project, Fluor donated $20,000 to build the Weapons to Wetlands Grove overlooking the former 136-acre production area. The grove contains 24 trees, each dedicated to “[a] leader(s) behind the Fernald cleanup.” Over the years, Fluor, through the Fluor Foundation, also invested in educational and humanitarian projects, contributing nearly $2 million to communities in southwestern Ohio, Kentucky and Indiana. Further, to help offset the economic impact of the site’s closing to the community, DOE and Fluor promoted economic development in the region by donating excess equipment and property to local schools and townships. This paper discusses the details of the public-involvement program — from inception through maturity — and presents some lessons learned that can be applied to other similar projects.

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