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Статті в журналах з теми "British history - religious aspects"
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Magill, Gerard. "Book Review: God and History: Aspects of British Theology 1875–1914." Theological Studies 54, no. 2 (June 1993): 358–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004056399305400217.
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Pals, Daniel L. "God and History: Aspects of British Theology, 1875-1914. Peter Hinchliff." Journal of Religion 74, no. 3 (July 1994): 404–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/489418.
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Beglov, Alexey. "Religious Life in the USSR and the Allied Policy of 1943: the Perspective of an American Assumptionist." Novaia i noveishaia istoriia, no. 5 (2022): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s013038640020319-8.
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The article considers one of the aspects of the transformation of the religious policy of the Soviet leaders during the Great Patriotic War. In 1941–1943 one of the main addressees of this policy were the allies of the USSR in the anti-Hitler coalition. The document on which this article is centred reflects the British view of the rapprochement between the Russian Orthodox Church and the Church of England in 1943. It is a report to the Vatican compiled by Fr Leopold Braun AA, Rector of the Catholic parish of St Louis in Moscow. The American priest describes the overall picture of religious and near-religious life in the country from the summer to the autumn of 1943; informs the Holy See of the circumstances of the 1943 Council of the Russian Orthodox Church and the election of Patriarch Sergius; details the visit to Moscow of Archbishop Cyril Garbett of York. Fr Braun emphasises the religious dimension of this visit. He claims that some members of the British diplomatic corps and journalists expected liturgical communion to be established between the Russian Orthodox Church and the Church of England. These assumptions were not confirmed by members of the British delegation, but reflected the sentiments of part of British society.
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Bebbington, D. W. "Martyrs for the Truth: Fundamentalists in Britain." Studies in Church History 30 (1993): 417–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424208400011864.
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The systematic study of religious Fundamentalism is now well under way. The first of six promised volumes under the auspices of the Fundamentalism Project of the University of Chicago, making a global examination of such movements in many religions, was published in 1991. Collections of papers evaluating specific aspects of Fundamentalism have been issued, and the theological method of the contemporary British movement has been scrutinized. Its American equivalent is the subject of one of the most illuminating of post-war works on the history of Christianity in the United States. Yet the history of the British movement has been allowed to remain in obscurity. Although, as will be seen, there are understandable reasons for the neglect, the growth of interest in world-wide Fundamentalism makes study of its British expression timely. More certainly than some of the other forms of defensively-minded traditional religion elsewhere that are now being labelled ‘Fundamentalist’, the British movement is entitled to the name invented by its counterpart in America. It arose at the same time, looking to some of the same men for leadership, and displayed similar traits. So an attempt is made here to present an overview of the Fundamentalists in Britain.
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Brown, Kenneth D. "An Unsettled Ministry? Some Aspects of Nineteenth-Century British Nonconformity." Church History 56, no. 2 (June 1987): 204–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3165503.
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As befits its importance in the nineteenth century, British nonconformity has attracted a lot of attention from scholars. Eminent personalities and denominational development or doctrine tend to dominate the earlier writing, while another long-established genre which is still producing fruitful work has been the analysis of the impact of nonconformity in society at large, for example in national or local politics, trade unionism, and education.
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Khruleva, Irina Yur'evna. "The Theological Polemics of Jonathan Edwards and George Whitefield: Differences in Their Understanding of the "Great Awakening" of the 1740s in New England." Исторический журнал: научные исследования, no. 1 (January 2020): 162–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0609.2020.1.30503.
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The first "Great Awakening" took hold of all British colonies in North America in the 1730s-1750s and developed contemporaneously with the Enlightenment movement, which had a significant impact on all aspects of life in the colonies, influencing religion, politics and ideology. The inhabitants of the colonies, professing different religious views, for the first time experienced a general spiritual upsurge. The colonies had never seen anything like the Great Awakening in scale and degree of influence on society. This was the first movement in American history that was truly intercolonial in nature, contributing to the formation of a single religious and partially ideological space in British America. The beginning of the Great Awakening in British America was instigated by both the colonial traditions of religious renewal (the so-called "revivals") and new ideas coming from Europe, hence this religious movement cannot be understood without considering its European roots nor not taking into account its transatlantic nature. The development of pietism in Holland and Germany and the unfolding of Methodism on the British Isles greatly influenced Protestant theology on both sides of the Atlantic. This article explores the differences in understanding the nature of the Great Awakening by its two leaders - J. Edwards and J. Whitefield.
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Podmore, Colin. "Zinzendorf and the English Moravians." Journal of Moravian History 3, no. 1 (2007): 31–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/41179832.
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Abstract This article begins by pointing to the tendency among British Moravians to downplay Zinzendorf's role in their church's history and arguing that that the difficult aspects of the relationship between the Count and the English Moravians of his day, which the article charts, help to explain that tendency. Zinzendorf's priority in England was relations with the Church of England. Recognition of the Moravian Church as a foreign episcopal sister church of the Church of England was important for the position of ordained Moravians working as missionaries in the British colonies. Zinzendorf feared that if the Moravian Church developed as a free church in England that would endanger such recognition. It would also conflict with his understanding of the 'Brüdergemeine' as a fellowship of awakened Christians within the existing churches. Evangelistic activity which effectively competed with the established church would similarly imperil recognition. British Moravians did not share these views.
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Bensimon, Fabrice. "Introduction to the Special Issue." Continuity and Change 34, no. 01 (May 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0268416019000092.
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AbstractIn the period 1815–1870, several thousand British workers and engineers went to the continent for work purposes, playing a decisive part in European industrialisation. Workers emigrated because they could market their skills at good value; or because their British employers sought to make the most of their technical lead by setting businesses up abroad, and by producing on the continent, they could avoid protective tariffs.Which social and cultural factors enabled British capital to flow to continental and indeed global enterprise, British skills to shape labour processes overseas, and British male and female labourers to seek and find overseas employment? This introduction to the Special Issue raises a series of questions on these flows. It asks what numbers went to the continent, in comparison with the large flows to the US and the British World. It addresses the legislative and economic aspects of these labour migrations and tries to relate these to the discussion on the supposed ‘high-wage economy’ of the British industrial revolution. It also focuses on the practicalities of migration. Last, it is also interested in the cultural, religious and associational life of the British migrants, as well as in the relations with the local populations.
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Ahmed, Zahid. "The Role of Ulema in the Political Struggle for Pakistan's Independence." Volume 2 (2023) 2, no. 1 (December 30, 2022): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.62997/rl.2022a.15714.
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Ulama played a crucial role in the struggle for independence in British India. They had a significant role in various aspects of life, ranging from educating Muslims about society and culture to governing the nation. The involvement of Ulama in politics in British India commenced in 1803 and persisted until 1947. Darul Uloom-i-Deoband, like a religious institution, was established with the aim of assisting the Muslim community in India in regaining stability. The Ulama were the pioneers in their pursuit of liberation from the authority of the monarchy. The Ulama's perpetual and ceaseless conflict is what rendered this movement benevolent, vibrant, and all-encompassing. Undoubtedly, the historical narratives surrounding the Ulemas and religious personalities have become intricately intertwined with the history of the liberation movement and the Indo-Pak subcontinent, rendering it challenging to distinguish between the two.
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Gowler, Steve. "No Second-hand Religion: Thomas Erskine's Critique of Religious Authorities." Church History 54, no. 2 (June 1985): 202–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3167236.
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After practicing law in Edinburgh for six years, Thomas Erskine (1788–1870) inherited the estate of Linlathen upon the death of his brother, James. Thereby freed to devote his time to theological reflection and writing, he wrote five books between 1820 and 1837 which stated opinions sharply at odds with the prevailing religious positions of early nineteenth-century British thinkers. In his first book,Remarks on the Internal Evidence for the Truth of Revealed Religion, he maintained that the surest sign of Christianity's truth is not to be found in the traditional evidential sources–miracles, fulfilled prophecies, the veracity of the apostles, and so on–but in the intimate relation, or “fittingness,” which inheres between the mode of being recommended in the Bible and the moral, physical, and mental constitution of human beings. This emphasis on the internal and subjective aspects of religious experience characterizes all of Erskine's works and places him, along with Samuel Taylor Coleridge, at the forefront of a new way of theologizing in Britain which was to come to fruition in the so-called “Broad Church.” Erskine represents an indigenous British “turn to the subject” antedating the widespread appropriation of continental thought by English and Scottish theologians.
Дисертації з теми "British history - religious aspects"
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Finlay, Katherine. "British Catholic identity during the First World War : the challenge of universality and particularity." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2004. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d1a75a0b-7fe3-42d3-8222-12be3a9f3110.
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This thesis looks at ways in which the British Catholic Church confronted the issue of Catholic unity and authority during the First World War. In a period when it was already attempting to articulate its position in relationship to the establishment and in the context of their Catholicity, the First World War offered the British Catholic Church both added difficulties and increased opportunity to express its position. For Catholics, the claim of universality was not only that they were the Church Universal in the sense that they were a supra-national church but that their Church was complete. Catholics argued that the Church was held together as a body united by and under the authority of Christ, the pontiff of Rome and the traditions maintained and accepted by the Church. These factors made it necessary for Catholics not only to make evident the advantage of their practices but to demonstrate that the fullness of the Church in its sacraments, doctrines and structure was neither in internal religious conflict nor fragmented by political or cultural differences; in short, that it was in itself complete. In the context of a world war in which Catholics were fighting one another and an unresolved political situation in Ireland, maintaining this position was both complicated and yet vital to the Catholic understanding of unity, authority and universality. In this thesis are analysed some of the ways in which the British Catholic Church addressed these challenges of self-definition.
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Jorgensen, Lynne Watkins. "The First London Mormons: 1840-1845: "What Am I and My Brethren Here For?"." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 1988. http://patriot.lib.byu.edu/u?/MTGM,19184.
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Bennett, Joshua Maxwell Redford. "Doctrine, progress and history : British religious debate, 1845-1914." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:299ba472-2a9c-488c-a8de-12ac55acc4ea.
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Religion and history became closely related in new ways in the Victorian imagination. This thesis asks why this was so, by focusing on arguments within British Protestant culture over progress and development in the history of Christianity. In an intellectual movement approximately beginning with the 1845 publication of John Henry Newman's 'Essay on the Development of Christian Doctrine', and powerfully spreading and developing until the earlier years of the twentieth century, British intellectuals came to treat the history of religion - both as a past and present process, and as a didactic genre - as a vital element of broader attempts to stabilise or reconstruct religious belief and social order. Religious revivalists, determined to use church history as a raw material for the inculcation of exclusive confessional identities and dogmatic theology, were highly successful in pressing it on the attention of early Victorian audiences. But they proved unable to control its meaning. Historians rose to prominence who instead interpreted the history of Christianity as a guide to how religious culture, which many treated as indistinguishable from society as a whole, might eventually supersede denominational and dogmatic divisions. Humanity's spiritual development in time, which numerous British critics assessed with the aid of German Idealist thought, also became an attractive apologetic resource as the epistemological basis of Christian belief came under unprecedented public challenge. A major part of that danger was perceived to come from rival, avowedly secularising interpretations of human social progress. Such accounts - the ancestors of twentieth-century secularisation theory - were vigorously opposed by historians who understood modernity as involving not the decline, but the purification of Christianity. By exploring the ways in which Victorian critics - clerical and lay, religious and secular - approached religious history as a resource for solving the problems of their own age, this thesis offers a new way of understanding the importance of history, claims to knowledge, and the nature and ends of 'liberalism' in the long nineteenth century.
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Gutkowski, Stacey Elizabeth. "Religious violence, secularism and the British security imaginary, 2001-2009." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608941.
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Mills, Robin. "The origins of religious belief in the British Enlightenment, 1651-1770." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709111.
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Paterson, Torquil John Macleod. "The Eucharist and history." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1018262.
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The thesis delineates an existential view of history, in which the eternal is defined as the ground of authentic human life which underlies true historical action. The historical is the manifestation of the eternal in the unique moment, and redefines the ahistorical conditions of human life. The ahistorical is the social and ideological conditioning of all human knowledge, usually presented in terms of various kinds of myth and ritual . The ahistorical contains both good and bad elements, but always has the tendency to become oppressive and is therefore constantly in conflict with the historical. The life of Jesus is described as the perfect expression of the eternal in true historical action, by which he came into conflict with the ahistorical of his society, as expressed in his death. By his resurrection, his life breaks the limitations of time and becomes transformative enabling all subsequent historical action. The eucharist is described as engaging with each of these dimensions of our existence. By being itself a ritual action containing a myth, the eucharist has an ahistorical form and therefore easily engages with the ahistorical dimensions of society. However, without a constant dialogue with the historical, the eucharist, as an ahistorical medium, can become allied to the dominant forces of society and become a means of oppression. The eucharist has at its centre the remembrance of the historical action of Jesus. True historical action in the present will result from a proper hermeneutic of the gospels. The eucharistic anamnesis must be regarded as part of the wider search for a relevant contemporary christology. The eucharist remembers the Last Supper, which is a parable of the whole life of Jesus and a prelude to his death and is a sacrifice in that it has a sacrificial form, and leads to our historical action, which will usually take the form of a conflict with the ahistorical and have sacrificial dimensions. The eternal only becomes present in our historical action, but the eucharist, by uniting us with the transforming power of the death and resurrection of Jesus, is a powerful aid to such action. The eucharist also provides the opportunity for resonances between Jesus and the ground of our being, thus enabling deep shifts of attitude and consciousness. Three fundamental prerequisites for human life are isolated and related to the eucharist: belonging, nurturing and giving. In order for the eucharist to ennable historical action is must hold these dimensions in tension. In its actual form it does this through the balance between the Words of Institution and the Epiclesis, which, in turn, provide the christological ground of the eucharist and relate this to the present through a particular pneumatology. The real presence is described by the thesis in a way which connects the eucharistic presence with the historical Jesus and leads to our historical action. Finally, some consequences of the thesis for Eucharistic practice are suggested. The relationship between the ahistorical form of the eucharist and the anamnesis is important. In this way the eucharist objectifies the ahistorical, reflects on this in terms of the historical action of Jesus, and reforms the ahistorical by modelling a response. This should lead to a more authentic expression of the eternal in the contemporary world
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Scott, Eleanor. "Aspects of the Roman villa as a form of British settlement." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/181.
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This thesis examines the British provincial influences on the character and development of the Romano-British villa. The Introduction makes a case for the independence of Britain from any 'Euro-Celtic culture' and introduces the style and scope of the thesis. Chapter One examines late Iron Age society and settlement, analysing Caesar as a source and introducing models which are later used in conjunction with the Romano-British data. Chapter Two discusses ritual Iron Age burials and the possibility of infanticide. Chapter Three analyses the functions, origins and social position of aisled farmhouses, an important type of Romano-British villa 'outbuilding'. 3.1. Smith's 'Unit Theory' is modified. In Chapter Four the development of the wingedcorridor house is assessed from the perspective of 'Transformational Grammar'. An analysis of the configurations of social space suggests that the adoption of winged-corridor facades indicates fundamental changes in social relations; it was a social response to underlying economic changes. A new world of market forces, inflation, taxation and socially disembedded transactions led to a change in the world view of villa occupants. Chapter Five collects the substantial evidence for ritual animal burials and well deposits on villas. This behaviour was indigenous, yet peaked on villas in the fourth century, and possible reasons for this are suggested. Chapter Six assesses the likelihood of infanticide on villas, noting that lingering Victorian attitudes should not warp our analyses. Dedicatory infant burials are discussed. These chapters are brought together in the Conclusions. Appendix One is a catalogue of known, suspected and possible villas. Appendix Two lists enclosed villas. Appendix Three lists villas built on or close to churches. Appendix Four lists decorative marble from villas.
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Miliori, Margarita. "The Greek nation in British eyes 1821-1864 : aspects of a British discourse on nationality, politics, history and Europe." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.264836.
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Brown, Robert Bruce. "Holy war as an instrument of theocratic and social ideology in Judaic, Christian, and Islamic history." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1997. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1428.
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Liebman, Tobi. "The Jewish exegetical history of Deuteronomy 22:5 : required gender separation or prohibited cross-dressing?" Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=79786.
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Deuteronomy 22:5 has sparked much interest and wonder for both readers and interpreters of the Bible, throughout Jewish history. Divided into three parts, the verse reads as follows: "A woman should not have keli gever (man's apparel, utensil or tool) on her; a man should not wear simlat isha (a woman's dress, robe, mantle, tunic); anyone who does these things is an abomination to the Lord your God." Each part of the verse has raised questions among exegetes, like how to define its key terms simlat isha and keli gever and what is the nature of the abomination. This thesis explores the responses to these questions through a presentation of the Jewish exegetical history of Deut. 22:5 from biblical times to the present. It demonstrates how the interpretations of this verse varied the application of the biblical law derived from it and thereby affected and altered dress codes, interactions, behhviours, and daily habits of Jewish men and women throughout history.
Книги з теми "British history - religious aspects"
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God and the British soldier: Religion and the British Army in the First and Second World Wars. London: Routledge, 2005.
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Julian. Revelations of divine love, translated from British Library Additional MS 37790: The motherhood of God : an excerpt, translated from British Library MS Sloane 2477. Rochester, NY: D.S. Brewer, 1998.
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M, Loades D., Walsh Katherine, and Commission internationale d'histoire ecclésiastique comparée. British Sub-Commission., eds. Faith and identity: Christian political experience : papers read at the Anglo-Polish colloquium of the British Sub-Commission of the Commission internationale d'histoire ecclésiastique comparée, 9-13 September 1986. Oxford, U.K: Published for the Ecclesiastical History Society by B. Blackwell, 1990.
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The French exiled clergy in the British Isles after 1789: An historical introduction and working list. Bath: Downside Abbey, 1986.
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Pinch, William R. Peasants and monks in British India. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996.
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The Jewish self-image: American and British perspectives, 1881-1939. London: Reaktion Books, 2000.
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Berkowitz, Michael. The Jewish self-image: American and British perspectives, 1881-1939. London: Reaktion, 2000.
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Veer, Peter van der. Imperial encounters: Religion and modernity in India and Britain. Princeton: Princeton U.P., 2001.
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Moorman, John R. H. A history of the Church in England. 3rd ed. Harrisburg, PA: Morehouse Pub., 1994.
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Woodman, Thomas M. Faithful fictions: The Catholic novel in British literature. Milton Keynes [England]: Open University Press, 1991.
Знайти повний текст джерелаЧастини книг з теми "British history - religious aspects"
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Melnyk, Julie. "Religious Genres." In The History of British Women’s Writing, 1830–1880, 178–95. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-58465-6_11.
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Shaw, Jane. "Religious Love." In The History of British Women’s Writing, 1690–1750, 189–200. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230298354_12.
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Welfens, Paul J. J. "Aspects of British History and Policy." In An Accidental Brexit, 139–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58271-9_4.
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McGrath, Charles Ivar. "The Penal Laws." In The Oxford History of British and Irish Catholicism, Volume II, 74–96. Oxford University PressOxford, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198843436.003.0005.
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Abstract This chapter examines the enactment, enforcement, and impact of anti-Catholic legislation in the Protestant kingdoms of England and Wales, Scotland, and Ireland. Contextualized in relation to the different confessional demographics of those kingdoms, it details the various penal laws and highlights similarities and differences across the three kingdoms. It also assesses the motivations for such laws and the nature of the State apparatus for enforcement. In particular, matters concerning land ownership, State security, and the foreign jurisdiction of the papacy are examined as motivators for penal legislation, while consideration is also given to questions of conversion, religious faith and practice. The relevance of certain socio-economic, cultural, and political factors in ameliorating aspects of the laws is also considered.
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Whitehead, Maurice, Deirdre Raftery, and Jane McDermid. "Education and Schooling." In The Oxford History of British and Irish Catholicism, Volume IV, 94—C5S4. Oxford University PressOxford, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198848196.003.0006.
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Abstract The chapter, divided into three sections, explores Catholic education as developed within the context of the distinctive national education legislation and cultural circumstances of England and Wales, Ireland, and Scotland. Striking similarities existed: the poverty of the Catholic Church and of Catholics themselves, the tension between government funding of ‘secular’ education, the religious ethos which infused every aspect of Catholic education, and the influence of religious institutes in providing education. Distinctive national patterns too are evident. The hierarchy in England and Wales prioritized education over church-building, hoping for the inculcation of the faith alongside a material improvement of Catholic families. In Scotland, Catholic poverty was so dire that a Catholic-funded education was less readily available and, by necessity, Catholic involvement on school boards reflected a growing involvement in the wider public arena. The National System in Ireland was ‘de jure non-denominational and de facto denominational’.
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Parker, Jonathan. "Chocolate, flowers and social welfare reform." In Analysing the History of British Social Welfare, 62–81. Policy Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447363699.003.0004.
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Chapter 4 examines the contribution of philanthropy and philanthropists to social welfare. It is not only the Cadburys’ concern for their workers that links chocolate and welfare, but includes Elizabeth Fry’s campaign for prison reform, especially for women in prison; and also Seebohm Rowntree’s concerns and the development, alongside Charles Booth, of the social survey sociology as a political tool to highlight the plight of people in poverty. When we consider flowers we extend the philanthropic reach to consider the development of spaces, worker well-being and the development of garden cities. This chapter examines the centrality of religion-inspired and humanistic philanthropy in the development of welfare approaches to the twin goals of economy and compassion. Theoretically, the balance of these seemingly antithetical bedfellows shows again ambivalence and hidden aspects, or discourses, shown only when one digs under the everyday notions of philanthropic action and how those acting philanthropically are viewed.
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Kling, David W. "The Rise of Evangelicalism (1675–1750)." In A History of Christian Conversion, 289–322. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195320923.003.0012.
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This chapter considers expressions and views of conversion in two major evangelical movements in two locales—Pietism in Germany and Methodism in England. Pietism, whose spirituality informed nearly all aspects of British and American evangelicalism, emerged in the seventeenth century as one of the most important Protestant renewal movements after the Reformation. Pietists stressed that assent to formal doctrine fell far short of true Christianity. Critical of “nominal” religion and dissatisfied with the way that Lutheran pastors preached and carried out their pastoral duties, Pietists located true religion in the heart. Their language of “rebirth,” “regeneration,” and the “new man” stressed the experiential, emotional, even mystical side of the faith. In England, the conversions of John and Charles Wesley were indebted to the influence of Pietist Moravians. John’s itinerating preaching, and organizing skills and Charles’s hymn-writing would profoundly shape England’s Evangelical Revival.
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Wagner, Kim A. "Resistance, Rebellion, and the Subaltern." In The Oxford World History of Empire, 416–36. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199772360.003.0013.
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Often falling short of its putative aims, subaltern resistance has throughout history played a significant role in shaping the political landscape of states and empires. This chapter examines some of the more recent developments, as well as criticisms, of the broader study of subaltern resistance and rebellion within a global context. The empirical case studies are drawn primarily from the European imperial expansion during the long nineteenth century, and from British India in particular, and the discussion focusses on three central themes: violence, rumors, and religion. Considering the centrality of historiographical debates on the key concepts of “resistance” and “subalternity,” the discussion is framed by a critical reading of the work of Ranajit Guha and his classic 1983 book, Elementary Aspects of Peasant Insurgency.
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Baum, Robert M. "Introduction." In Shrines of the Slave Trade, 3–7. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195123920.003.0001.
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Abstract This work is a study of the religious and social history of a small cluster of Diola communities in southwestern Senegal, before the establishment of effective colonial rule by the French, British, and Portuguese. Prior to the colonial conquest, the Diola experienced a series of profound changes that affected nearly every aspect of community life. What are presently identified as Diola religious and social institutions developed during an era of political and economic upheaval that was fueled by the gradual penetration of transatlantic slave-trading networks and the growing importance of a world economic system. These pressures were aggravated by an uncertain environment, contact with diverse ethnic groups, and a variety of internal problems that developed in a cluster of independent townships at the northern limits of the Guinean forest. By focusing on the history of Diola traditional religion in the eighteenth and nineteenth century, before Muslims and Christians had become important influences in the region, I will be able to examine the ways in which an indigenous system of thought both shaped a community’s responses to rapidly changing social conditions and was affected by that very act of interpretation.1 Many of these changes are remembered in oral traditions and are analyzed by Diola oral historians who seek to understand the meaning of these experiences. Through the examination of Diola traditions, this study analyzes internal structures of innovation within a Diola religious system that enabled it to adapt to the social upheavals of the precolonial era.
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"Britain and the Outside World: Political Aspects." In Modern British History. Bloomsbury Academic, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350389519.ch-013.
Повний текст джерелаТези доповідей конференцій з теми "British history - religious aspects"
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Mohammed, D. BELARBI. "THE MYTHOLOGICAL TENDENCY AMONG ARAB HISTORIANS." In I. International Century Congress for Social Sciences. Rimar Academy, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/soci.con1-14.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This research deals with the phenomenon of mythological tendency among Arab historians in the Middle Ages. The ancient Arabs contributed to writing history: the history of human events. They also contributed to writing other aspects of history, such as the history of cities, as Al-Khatib Al-Baghdadi did in his History of Baghdad, or as Ibn Al-Khatib did in his briefing on the news of Granada. He also dated the Arabs for kings, messengers, and scholars. Hence, history in its various aspects is a cognitive obsession and a scientific preoccupation that the Arabs have known and written extensively about. As for general history, many historians have worked on it, perhaps the most famous of whom are Ibn Jarir al-Tabari 310 AH - 923 AD, Al-Masudi 346 AH - 956 AD, Al-Maqrizi 845 AH - 1442 AD, and others. In this research, we will attempt to study the legendary mythological tendency in the historical writing of Al-Tabari and Al-Masudi, a tendency that permeated the history of these two historians. Al-Tabari was famous for his book The History of the Messengers and Kings or The History of Nations and Kings, as we find in other versions. In which, Al-Tabari tried to narrate the history of the world since the appearance of man on Earth, drawing his information from his culture and religious sources. Hence, his cosmic history is closer to religious history than to human history. He relies on religious texts such as the Qur’anic text and Hadith texts, and he does not hesitate to mention the myths of other nations. Which explains the history of the origin of the universe and the appearance of creation on Earth, and he formulates it in his beautiful foundry style so that it appears as if it were of his own making.
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Zeljković, Stefan. "UTEMELjENjE DRŽAVNO-PRAVNOG I KANONSKOG POLOŽAJA KARLOVAČKE MITROPOLIJE U HABZBURŠKOJ MONARHIJI." In MEĐUNARODNI naučni skup Državno-crkveno pravo. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of law, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/dcp23.213z.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The history of the Serbian people in the Habsburg Monarchy is inseparable from the Metropolitanate of Karlovci. In this paper, we will attempt to explore the legal status of this institution, focusing on the historical context and the process of its formation. We will then examine two aspects of its legal existence: its state-law status within the Habsburg Empire and its ecclesiastical-canonical status within the Orthodox Church. Since the legal status of the religious structure of Orthodox Serbs under the Habsburg dynasty shaped their religious and political life, the aim of this paper is to provide a modest contribution to understanding the history and significance of the Metropolitanate of Karlovci
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Kovaleva, M. V., and O. V. Mikhailov. "Search for Ways to overcome the Crisis by Representatives of Russian Religious Thought." In General question of world science. Наука России, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/gq-31-03-2021-61.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The crisis at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries affected different countries and different aspects of social life, which was inevitable both due to geographical proximity and cultural, economic, political and other intersections. Addressing the topic of the sociocultural crisis was characteristic of both Russian and Western European philosophers of the early 20th century. The author in the article refers to the understanding of its features and ways to overcome it in the context of the ideas of Russian religious philosophers. An integral feature of Russian philosophical thought in the context of assessing the ongoing social changes and the search for ways out of a crisis situation is an understanding of the special purpose of Russia and an awareness of its role in human history. The works of Russian philosophers are full of anxiety about the future of mankind, about the fate of Russia, a premonition of possible death, therefore it is no coincidence that the appeal to the theme of the Apocalypse, the impending catastrophe, the end of history is perceived as a real threat to the existence of mankind. With all the diversity of approaches to assessing the sociocultural crisis, Russian thinkers are united by common philosophical roots, religion, national and cultural traditions. In the context of understanding the crisis processes of the early twentieth century, Russian religious thinkers raise the question of the role and significance of a person in the transformation of life, thereby actualizing the moral and anthropological problems.
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Şamıyeva, Həyat. "Khurramism in Sufi System." In International Symposium Sheikh Zahid Gilani in the 800th Year of His Birth. Namiq Musalı, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59402/ees01201817.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
First of all, we need to overview at the history and essence of Sufism in order to understand the place of the Sufism system and the teaching of Khurramism in this system. “Sufism“ or “tasavvuf“ are essentially of the same meaning. Both terms are used parallel to express the same belief system. Sufism had been a widespread religious-philosophical, mystical moral-ethical thinking and behavior system in the Middle Ages. There are various versions on the origin and essence of this term. The Sufism and the tasavvuf system have had proper and similar features with a number of religions, religious - philosophical and faith systems of human-cultural development up to it. One of these systems is Khurramism. The Khurramism was the ideology of the Khurramid movement, which took place in the late eighteenth -early ninth century. The Khurramid movement had a political, as well as religious-irfani, religious-philosophical-mystical character. The religious faith and values of this movement is the subject of disputes so far. In the historical literature, the words “Khurramids “ or “Khurramdinler “ have appeared since in the time of the Abu Muslim rebel. Among the ideological views of Khurramids known to science, there are some points considered important by them that they indicate the presence of religious-ideological views, and these views were later included in the Sufism system. There were three basic aspects of the religious beliefs of Khurramids: 1) Hulul - God's personification in man; 2) Tanasukh – (reincarnation, metamorphosis as a scientific term) - the pass of the soul from one body to another; 3) Rijat -rising from the dead; Resurrection. They are purely religiousphilosophical- mystical elements. The Sufism system and the Kizilbashlik widely embrace the religious and ideological principles of Babek and Khurramism, and we have also tried to talk about these issues in our articles. Keywords: Sufism, Khurramism, Hulul, Tanasukh, Rijat.
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Yandim Aydin, Sercan. "„RENAISSANCE“ BEFORE THE RENAISSANCE: HUMANLY ASPECTS OF LATE BYZANTINE PAINTING. CASE: “THE ANASTASIS: AN IMAGE OF LIBERATION AND RESURRECTION”, STUDENICA MONASTERY." In Kralj Milutin i doba Paleologa: istorija, književnost, kulturno nasleđe. Publishing House of the Eparchy of Šumadija of the Serbian Orthodox Church - "Kalenić", 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/6008-065-5.629ya.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Present paper aims to readdress the idealized Renaissance con- ception of painting starting with the writings of Giorgio Vasari, which paved the way to a widely stereotyped and prejudiced evaluation of the Byzantine art within the general art historical framework. Consequently, placing the latter one inferior to the Renaissance. Further the paper attempts to revise the conventional assumptions about Byzantine painting. Visual interpre- tation of a dodecaorton subject, Anastasis Christi, is taken to provide evi- dence in understanding the humanly aspects in terms of iconography and reception of the scene. Material evidence is obtained from the monumental panting of the Studenica monastery, (ca. 1313-ca. 1320). General outline of its iconography, communal versus individual resurrec- tion, and specific depiction of one of the basic elements of iconography, Hades, reveal the fact that there is difference in the mind sets of Eastern and Western Christianity. Libri Carolini in the eighth century signifies the different visual understanding and reception. Also, the text-image relation is greatly influenced by the involvement of either theologians of a col- lective monasticism or individual aristocratic prayer. Thanks to the recent scholarly studies on cultural history and art history, a wider perspective is possible in order to comprehend the content of their cultural memories that comes into play in interpreting and reflecting religious subjects/imageries. As a result, artists and patrons of medieval Serbia were able to not just to inherit but also improve the inherited Byzantine artistic language in a com- plex positive way. Altogether referring to a renaissance in their rethinking and execution of the Byzantine models and beyond.
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MAȚOI, Ecaterina. "TEHREEK-E-LABBAIK PAKISTAN (TLP): A RISING EXTREMIST FORCE, OR JUST THE TIP OFA LARGER RADICALISED ICEBERG IN THE AFPAK REGION?" In SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND EDUCATION IN THE AIR FORCE. Publishing House of “Henri Coanda” Air Force Academy, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19062/2247-3173.2021.22.26.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
As if Afghanistan’s recent takeover by the Taliban was not a sufficiently significant development in the AfPak region, reports indicate that Pakistan’s largest sect, the Barelvi, becomes increasingly militant and aggressive by the day. Since another important movement for the history of Pakistan - the Deobandi - has generally dominated the violence scene in Pakistan starting with the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, this trend within the Barelvis is a rather new one, and deserves extensive attention keeping in mind the recent regional developments. Taking a brief look at the history of the region to identify possible causes that may underlie the radicalization of the Tehreek-e-Labbaik Pakistan group, it is noticeable that emergence of Barelvi and Deobandi sects in the first part of 19th century was part of a larger movement to revive Islam in the Northern part of India, but in different manners: while the Deobandi kept close to the Hanafi Sunni teachings in a strictly manner, the Barelvi sect – developed itself mostly on a Sufi legacy, as part of a larger Folk Islam inherited from the Mughal Empire, despite being itself affiliated with the Hanafi school. The differences between the two movements became critical from a political, security and social point of view, especially after the division of British India in 1947, into two states: a Muslim one – present day Pakistan, and a Hindu one - present day India, of which, the first, became the state entity that encompassed both Hanafi revivalist movements, Deobandi and Barelvi. Therefore, this research is aiming to analyse the history of Barelvi movement starting with the British Raj, the way in which Pakistan was established as a state and the problems that arose with the partition of the former British colony, the very Islamic essence of the new established state, and the potential for destabilization of Barelvi organisations in an already prone to conflict area. Consequently, the current research aims to identify the patterns of latest developments in Pakistan, their historical roots and causes, main actors active in religious, political and military fields in this important state-actor from the AfPak region, in order to project Barelvi recent in a defined environment, mainly by using a historical approach.
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Smith, Michael C., Ondrej Muransky, Andrew Goodfellow, Ed Kingston, Paula Freyer, Steve Marlette, Gery M. Wilkowski, Bud Brust, and Do-Jun Shim. "The Impact of Key Simulation Variables on Predicted Residual Stresses in Pressuriser Nozzle Dissimilar Metal Weld Mock-Ups: Part 2—Comparison of Simulation and Measurements." In ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-26025.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
British Energy (BE) has funded a large work programme to assess the possible impact of primary water stress corrosion cracking on dissimilar metal welds in the primary circuit of the Sizewell ‘B’ pressurised water reactor. This effort has included the design and manufacture of representative pressuriser safety/relief valve (SRV) nozzle welds both with and without a full structural weld overlay, multiple residual stress measurements on both mock-ups using the deep hole and incremental deep hole methods, and a number of finite element weld residual stress simulations of both the mock-ups and equivalent plant welds. Three organisations have performed simulations of the safety/relief valve nozzle configuration: Westinghouse, Engineering Mechanics Corporation of Columbus (EMC2) and the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO). The simulations employ different welding heat input idealisations, make different assumptions about manufacturing history, and use a variety of different material constitutive models, ranging from simple bilinear kinematic hardening to a full mixed isotropic-kinematic formulation. The availability of both high quality measurements from well characterised mock-ups, and a large matrix of simulations, offers the opportunity for a “mini-round-robin” examining both the accuracy and key solution variables of dissimilar metal weld finite element simulations. This paper is one of a series at this conference that examine various aspects of the BE work programme. It draws together residual stress measurement results and the results of all three simulation campaigns (described in detail in other papers at this conference) to examine the impact of manufacturing history, thermal modelling assumptions, material constitutive models and other key solution variables on the accuracy of residual stress predictions in this dissimilar metal weld geometry.
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Smith, Michael C., Ondrej Mura´nsky, Philip J. Bendeich, and Lyndon Edwards. "The Impact of Key Simulation Variables on Predicted Residual Stresses in Pressuriser Nozzle Dissimilar Metal Weld Mock-Ups: Part 1—Simulation." In ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-26023.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
British Energy (BE) has funded a large work programme to assess the possible impact of primary water stress corrosion cracking on dissimilar metal welds in the primary circuit of the Sizewell ‘B’ pressurised water reactor. This effort has included the design and manufacture of representative pressuriser safety/relief valve nozzle welds both with and without a full structural weld overlay, multiple residual stress measurements on both mock-ups using the deep hole and incremental deep hole methods, and a number of finite element weld residual stress simulations of both the mock-ups and equivalent plant welds. Three organisations have performed simulations of the safety/relief valve nozzle configuration: Westinghouse, Engineering Mechanics Corporation of Columbus (EMC2) and the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO). The simulations employ different welding heat input idealisations, make different assumptions about manufacturing history, and use a variety of different material constitutive models, ranging from simple bilinear kinematic hardening to a full mixed isotropic-kinematic formulation. The availability of both high quality measurements from well characterised mock-ups, and a large matrix of simulations, offers the opportunity for a “mini-round-robin” examining both the accuracy and key solution variables of dissimilar metal weld finite element simulations. This paper is one of a series at this conference that examine various aspects of the BE work programme. It describes the detailed finite element simulation of the mock-ups performed by BE and ANSTO. This makes use of the extensive mock-up manufacturing records to perform a detailed pass-bypass simulation of the entire manufacturing process from initial nozzle buttering through to completion of the safe end to pipe weld. The thermal simulation makes use of a dedicated welding heat source modelling tool to derive Gaussian volumetric heat source parameters from the welding records, and the mechanical simulation employs isotropic, kinematic and mixed isotropic-kinematic material constitutive models. Additional sensitivity studies examine sensitivity to manufacturing history and physical properties such as expansion coefficient mismatch.
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Bataveljić, Dragan, and Wolfgang Rohrbach. "POLOŽAJ SRPSKE PRAVOSLAVNE CRKVE U USTAVIMA MODERNE SRBIJE." In MEĐUNARODNI naučni skup Državno-crkveno pravo. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of law, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/dcp23.185b.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this paper the author first presents the history of Serbian Orthodox church which dates from the Middle Ages, pointing out its autonomous status which was proclaimed in 1219. The development of Serbian Orthodox Church and its rising to the highest dignity lasted one and half century when its further progress was interrupted by Ottoman conquest. The period of their rule was very harsh for Serbia and its people, as well as for their church since the Ottomans systematically vandalized and destroyed medieval monasteries and Orthodox churches. Its rise to the rang of patriarchate in 1346 lasted only one century, since after the fall of Smederevo in 1459 the Patriarchate of Peć was terminated. The following century was Dark Age for the survival of our church and the fight for its revival. Finally in 1557, the patriarchate was restored with its seat in Peć and remained there for two centuries to be terminated again in 1776. It was not before the middle of the 19th century that the hierarchy in Karlovac established the Patriarchate of Serbian Church in Sremski Karlovci which at that time belonged to Habsburg Monarchy. However, the position of Serbian Orthodox Church did not improve and only with the passing of Hattisharif, the Sultan’s charter, in 1830, did the Serbian Orthodox Church receive the true autonomy with the prospects of better days ahead. Yet, again, the First World War brought new destruction of churches and persecution of priests and church dignitaries. The creation of the first state of South Slavs, Yugoslavia, and the events that followed gave hope that a comprehensive revival of the church would take place, along with its improved position. But this hope was dispersed with the outbreak of the Second World War. After the war and the establishment of a communist government and its repression of all religious activities, the Serbian Orthodox Church faced bleak future. Only in 1990s did the situation change. The author of this paper has followed the origin, development, position, status and all other relevant aspects of Serbian Orthodox Church analyzing the available documentation, particularly the constitutions that were adopted in various historical periods, all the way up to the latest one, so called Mitrovdan Constitution, adopted in 2006.
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Cmeciu, Doina, and Camelia Cmeciu. "VIRTUAL MUSEUMS - NON-FORMAL MEANS OF TEACHING E-CIVILIZATION/CULTURE." In eLSE 2013. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-13-108.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Considered repositories of objects(Cuno 2009), museums have been analysed through the object-oriented policies they mainly focus on. Three main purposes are often mentioned: preservation, dissemination of knowledge and access to tradition. Beyond these informative and cultural-laden functions, museums have also been labeled as theatres of power, the emphasis lying on nation-oriented policies. According to Michael F. Brown (2009: 148), the outcome of this moral standing of the nation-state is a mobilizing public sentiment in favour of the state power. We consider that the constant flow of national and international exhibitions or events that could be hosted in museums has a twofold consequence: on the one hand, a cultural dynamics due to the permanent contact with unknown objects, and on the other hand, some visibility strategies in order to attract visitors. This latter effect actually embodies a shift within the perception of museums from entities of knowledge towards leisure environments. Within this context where the concept of edutainment(Eschach 2007) seems to prevail in the non-formal way of acquiring new knowledge, contemporary virtual museums display visual information without regard to geographic location (Dahmen, Sarraf, 2009). They play ?a central role in making culture accessible to the mass audience(Carrazzino, Bergamasco 2010) by using new technologies and novel interaction paradigms. Our study will aim at analyzing the way in which civilization was e-framed in the virtual project ?A History of the World in 100 Objects, run by BBC Radio 4 and the British Museum in 2010. The British Museum won the 2011 Art Fund Prize for this innovative platform whose main content was created by the contributors (the museums and the members of the public). The chairman of the panel of judges, Michael Portillo, noted that the judges were impressed that the project used digital media in ground-breaking and novel ways to interact with audiences. The two theoretical frameworks used in our analysis are framing theories and critical discourse analysis. ?Schemata of interpretation? (Goffman 1974), frames are used by individuals to make sense of information or an occurrence, providing principles for the organization of social reality? (Hertog & McLeod 2001). Considered cultural structures with central ideas and more peripheral concepts and a set of relations that vary in strength and kind among them? (Hertog, McLeod 2001, p.141), frames rely on the selection of some aspects of a perceived reality which are made more salient in a communicating text or e-text. We will interpret this virtual museum as a hypertext which ?makes possible the assembly, retrieval, display and manipulation? (Kok 2004) of objects belonging to different cultures. The structural analysis of the virtual museum as a hypertext will focus on three orders of abstraction (Kok 2004): item, lexia, and cluster. Dividing civilization into 20 periods of time, from making us human (2,000,000 - 9000 BC) up to the world of our making (1914 - 2010 AD), the creators of the digital museum used 100 objects to make sense of the cultural realities which dominated our civilization. The History of the World in 100 Objects used images of these objects which can be considered ?as ideological and as power-laden as word (Jewitt 2008). Closely related to identities, ideologies embed those elements which provide a group legitimation, identification and cohesion. In our analysis of the 100 virtual objects framing e-civilization we will use the six categories which supply the structure of ideologies in the critical discourse analysis framework (van Dijk 2000: 69): membership, activities, goals, values/norms, position (group-relations), resources. The research questions will focus on the content of this digital museum: (1) the types of objects belonging to the 20 periods of e-civilization; (2) the salience of countries of origin for the 100 objects; (3) the salience of social practices framed in the non-formal teaching of e-civilization/culture; and on the visitors? response: (1) the types of attitudes expressed in the forum comments; (2) the types of messages visitors decoded from the analysis of the objects; (3) the (creative) value of such e-resources. References Brown, M.F. (2009). Exhibiting indigenous heritage in the age of cultural property. J.Cuno (Ed.). Whose culture? The promise of museums and the debate over antiquities (pp. 145-164), Princeton, Oxford: Princeton University Press. Carrazzino, M., Bergamasco, M. (2010). Beyond virtual museums: Experiencing immersive virtual reality in real museums. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 11, 452-458. Cuno, J. (2009) (Ed.). Whose culture? The promise of museums and the debate over antiquities (pp. 145-164), Princeton, Oxford: Princeton University Press. Dahmen, N. S., & Sarraf, S. (2009, May 22). Edward Hopper goes to the net: Media aesthetics and visitor analytics of an online art museum exhibition. Visual Communication Studies, Annual Conference of the International Communication Association, Chicago, IL. Eshach, H. (2007). Bridging in-school and out-of-school learning: formal, non-formal, and informal education . Journal of Science Education and Technology, 16 (2), 171-190. Goffman, E. (1974). Frame analysis: An essay on the organization of experience. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Hertog, J.K., & McLeod, D. M. (2001). A multiperspectival approach to framing analysis: A field guide. In S.D. Reese, O.H. Gandy, & A.E. Grant (Eds.), Framing public life: Perspective on media and our understanding of the social world (pp. 139-162). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Jewitt, C. (2008). Multimodality and literacy in school classrooms. Review of Research in Education, 32 (1), 241-267. Kok, K.C.A. (2004). Multisemiotic mediation in hypetext. In Kay L. O?Halloren (Ed.), Multimodal discourse analysis. Systemic functional perspectives (pp. 131-159), London: Continuum. van Dijk, T. A. (2000). Ideology ? a multidisciplinary approach. London, Thousand Oaks, New Delhi: Sage.
Звіти організацій з теми "British history - religious aspects"
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Baker, James, and Sofya Shahab. Preserving Communities' Heritage: A Workbook for Heritage Capturers. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/creid.2021.006.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This is a practical workbook to guide local communities and heritage gatherers through the process of capturing and storing their heritage for future generations. Through initiatives with the British Academy and the Coalition for Religious Equality and Inclusive Development (CREID), the Institute of Development Studies (IDS) has been working with young people in Egypt, Iraq and Syria to capture their oral heritage, so that it may be preserved for future generations. Alongside life history interviews and topic interviews - which cover particular aspects of communities’ heritage - a key component of this heritage preservation is how these records will be stored. Thinking about the language and accessibility of digital archiving practices, this workbook is a practical guide to capturing and storing “heritage harvests”, including community interviews, photographs, and short films.
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Thompson, Stephen, Brigitte Rohwerder, and Clement Arockiasamy. Freedom of Religious Belief and People with Disabilities: A Case Study of People with Disabilities from Religious Minorities in Chennai, India. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/creid.2021.003.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
India has a unique and complex religious history, with faith and spirituality playing an important role in everyday life. Hinduism is the majority religion, and there are many minority religions. India also has a complicated class system and entrenched gender structures. Disability is another important identity. Many of these factors determine people’s experiences of social inclusion or exclusion. This paper explores how these intersecting identities influence the experience of inequality and marginalisation, with a particular focus on people with disabilities from minority religious backgrounds. A participatory qualitative methodology was employed in Chennai, to gather case studies that describe in-depth experiences of participants. Our findings show that many factors that make up a person’s identity intersect in India and impact how someone is included or excluded by society, with religious minority affiliation, caste, disability status, and gender all having the potential to add layers of marginalisation. These various identity factors, and how individuals and society react to them, impact on how people experience their social existence. Identity factors that form the basis for discrimination can be either visible or invisible, and discrimination may be explicit or implicit. Despite various legal and human rights frameworks at the national and international level that aim to prevent marginalisation, discrimination based on these factors is still prevalent in India. While some tokenistic interventions and schemes are in place to overcome marginalisation, such initiatives often only focus on one factor of identity, rather than considering intersecting factors. People with disabilities continue to experience exclusion in all aspects of their lives. Discrimination can exist both between, as well as within, religious communities, and is particularly prevalent in formal environments. Caste-based exclusion continues to be a major problem in India. The current socioeconomic environment and political climate can be seen to perpetuate marginalisation based on these factors. However, when people are included in society, regardless of belonging to a religious minority, having a disability, or being a certain caste, the impact on their life can be very positive.
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Vuksanović, Vuk. Between Emotions and Realism: Two Faces of Turkish Foreign Policy in the Balkans. Belgrade Centre for Security Policy, June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55042/wzvw6831.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Turkey’s more assertive posture towards the Balkans is neglected compared to the commentariat that deals with Russia and China. To fill this policy gap, the research team of the Belgrade Centre for Security Policy (BCSP) has conducted research based on the analysis of secondary source material and, even more importantly, on fieldwork interviews that involved 16 sources, academics and think tank researchers based in Istanbul and Ankara. Although the consulted sources have different backgrounds and political sympathies, the research established a presence of common themes. Namely, Turkish foreign policy in the Balkans has two aspects. The first is based on emotions, where Turkish foreign policy towards the region is framed by Turkey’s special ties with the region based on shared history, social connections, identity factors and the legacy of the Ottoman Empire. The Balkan country that is most frequently mentioned in the context of special ties with Turkey is Bosnia and Herzegovina, in light of socio-cultural ties and the fact that it is a country in which the Ottoman legacy is felt most strongly. The second approach is rooted in traditional foreign policy realism derived from an objective and calculated assessment of the regional balance of power and one’s own interests. Within this approach, Turkey is trying, for security and strategic reasons, to act pragmatically and be effective in the Balkans without entangling itself in crises that could impede its regional influence. This approach leads Turkey towards engaging Serbia, the region’s strategically consequential country, because Ankara is deeply convinced that if it wishes to be effective in the Balkans, it needs to have a partnership with Belgrade. In doing so, it must strike a balance between emotions and realism. It needs to walk the fine line between nurturing ties with communities with which it has cultural and religious ties, like Bosniaks and Albanians, while avoiding alienating countries whose partnership Ankara needs to be able to succeed in the Balkans, such as Serbia.