Готові списки джерел за темами / Boilers Evaluation

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Boilers Evaluation"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022
Оновлено: 29 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Boilers Evaluation"

1

Samanlioglu, Funda, Zeki Ayağ, Gökhan Kirkil, and Esra Yucal. "Evaluation of Gas-Fired Combi Boilers with HF-AHP-MULTIMOORA." Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing 2022 (August 25, 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9225491.

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Анотація:
There are many alternative gas-fired combi boilers that can be used to heat residential homes. Evaluation and selection of gas-fired combi boilers for buildings is an intricate multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem involving perhaps contradictory quantifiable and qualitative criteria. In this research, as the MCDM approach, hesitant fuzzy linguistic analytic hierarchy process (HF-AHP) and hesitant fuzzy linguistic “multiple objective optimization based on ratio analysis plus full multiplicative form (MULTIMOORA)” (HF-MULTIMOORA) are integrated to assess and rank combi boiler alternatives for buildings. First, with HF-AHP, fuzzy criteria weights are determined and then with HF-MULTIMOORA, boiler alternatives are ranked from best to worst. In this integrated HF-AHP-MULTIMOORA method, evaluations of decision-makers are combined with fuzzy envelope approach and then triangular fuzzy numbers are utilized. For comparison analysis, HF-AHP-TOPSIS method is also applied to the same problem. A case study in Turkey is presented where ten combi boiler alternatives are assessed based on fifteen criteria by five decision-makers. We have used various selection criteria for boilers ranging from maximum temperature, heating capacity up to environmental effects and decided on the best combi boiler for heating residential buildings in Turkey.
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2

Liu, Jing, Yu Bo Wang, Cheng Bing He, and Ping Zhu. "Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation on Energy-Efficiency of Plant Boiler Based on Exergy Analysis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 472 (January 2014): 1022–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.472.1022.

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Анотація:
Currently, boiler efficiency evaluation system is always established on the method of heat balance based on the first law of thermodynamics as the main indicator, it is imperfect. Using Exergy method, which is based on the first and the second law of thermodynamics, not only focus on energy consumption, but also take the useful energy utilization levels into account, combined with evaluation of environmental indicators, the evaluation index system is established for energy-efficient of boilers. Then, in view of the structural characteristics of the index system, using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method evaluates the energy efficiency of boilers. Finally, by using this evaluation method, energy efficiency was studied.
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3

Calotă, Răzvan, Nicolae N. Antonescu, Dan-Paul Stănescu, and Ilinca Năstase. "The Direct Effect of Enriching the Gaseous Combustible with 23% Hydrogen in Condensing Boilers’ Operation." Energies 15, no. 24 (December 11, 2022): 9373. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15249373.

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Анотація:
Following the international trend of using hydrogen as combustible in many industry branches, this paper investigates the impact of mixing methane gas with 23% hydrogen (G222) on condensing boilers’ operation. After modeling and testing several boilers with heat exchange surface different designs, the authors gathered enough information to introduce a new concept, namely High-Performance Condensing Boiler (HPCB). All the boilers that fit into this approach have the same operational parameters at nominal heat load, including the CO2 concentrations in flue gases. After testing a flattened pipes condensing boiler, a CO2 emission reduction coefficient of 1.1 was determined when converting from methane gas to G222 as combustible. Thus, by inserting into the national grid a G222 mixture, an important reduction in greenhouse gases can be achieved. For a 28 kW condensing boiler, the annual reduction in CO2 emissions averages 1.26 tons, value which was experimentally obtained and is consistent with the theoretical evaluation.
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4

Kim, Kang-Min, Gyu-Bo Kim, Byoung-Hwa Lee, Yoon-Ho Bae, and Chung-Hwan Jeon. "CFD Evaluation of Heat Transfer and NOx Emissions When Converting a Tangentially Fired Coal Boiler to Use Methane." Energies 15, no. 1 (December 30, 2021): 246. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15010246.

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Анотація:
The need to reduce global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions is driving the conversion of coal-fired power plants to use methane, which can reduce CO2 emissions by >40%. However, conducting gas firing in coal boilers changes the heat transfer profile; therefore, preliminary evaluations using computational fluid dynamics are required prior to conversion. Here, methane was used as a heat input source in the simulation of an existing coal boiler, and combustion, nitrogen oxides (NOx) emission characteristics, and heat transfer profile changes inside the boiler were analyzed. Furthermore, changes in the burner zone stoichiometric ratio (BZSR) were simulated to restore the decreased heat absorption of the furnace waterwall, revealing that air distribution could change the heat absorption of the waterwall and tube bundles. However, this change was smaller than that caused by conversion from coal to methane. Therefore, to implement gas firing in coal boilers, alternatives such as output derating, using an attemperator, or modifying heat transfer surfaces are necessary. Despite these limitations, a 70% reduction in NOx emissions was achieved at a BZSR of 0.76, compared with coal. As the BZSR contributes significantly to NOx emissions, conducting gas firing in existing coal boilers could significantly reduce NOx and CO2 emissions.
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5

Kolesnyk, V., A. Pavlychenko, and I. Moniuk. "EVALUATION OF ENERGY ECOLOGICAL EFFICIENCY OF TECHNOLOGIES FOR RESOURCE SAVING AND PROTECTION OF THE ATMOSPHERE FROM EMISSIONS IN THE «BOILER-HOUSE – HEAT CONSUMERS – ENVIRONMENTAL» SYSTEM." Bulletin of Lviv State University of Life Safety 22 (December 28, 2020): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32447/20784643.22.2020.04.

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Анотація:
Introduction. City boiler-houses significantly pollute the city's atmosphere with environmentally hazardous substances emitted into the atmosphere along with flue gases. In each district of the city, for example, with a population of one million, there are from 4 to 8 centralized boilers and several smaller boilers. Boiler emissions are caused not only by the type of fuel but also by the conditions of its combustion and the availability of technologies or means of capturing certain kinds of pollutants. Moreover, with the gradual seasonal cooling, fuel consumption increases, heat losses in residential and office buildings increase, which leads to an increase in fuel consumption. Accordingly, emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere are increasing, which reduces the level of environmental safety of several neighbourhoods and the city as a whole.Aim and methods. The purpose of the work is to evaluate the energy and environmental efficiency of the introduction of resource-saving technologies in the system "boiler-house - heat consumers - environment", aimed at both resource conservation and reduction of pollutant emissions into the atmosphere based on a scientific generalization of methods boilers, as well as experimental determination of the amount of heat generated in certain parts of the specified system, in particular with the introduction of insulation technology.Results and discussion. A method for assessing the energy and environmental efficiency of technologies for resource conservation and protection of emissions from emissions in the system "boiler-house - heat consumers - environment" by the intensity of daily fuel consumption by boilers, as well as the level of conservation of heat produced by consumers. The energy-ecological index proposed by the authors is used, which simultaneously characterizes the multiplicity of the excess of current fuel consumption and the corresponding current emissions of pollutants by the boiler house relative to their calculated values calculated at the beginning of the heating season. The obtained results allow determining the resource-saving and ecological effect, in particular, from the introduction of the technology of insulation of the walls of houses in the link "heat consumers". To do this, you need to determine readout index values before and after the introduction of technology. The level of reduction of this index and related energy and environmental indicators will characterize the effectiveness of the introduced technology. In particular, the article showed that after full-scale insulation of the outer walls of urban buildings with layers of foam 5-10 cm thick, the value of the energy-ecological index will decrease by an average of 2%. Accordingly, fuel consumption by boilers and emissions of nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides and other pollutants by boilers will reduce.Conclusions. The method of estimation of energy-ecological efficiency of introduction of technologies on resource-saving and protection of the atmosphere from emissions in the system "boiler-house - heat consumers - environment" based on the generalization of methods of operative calculation of emissions of pollutants based on the use of energy-ecological efficiency of introduction of technology of preservation of heat produced by the boiler-house due to warming of external walls of buildings, with the following definition of degree of decrease in the energy-ecological index and corresponding indicators of fuel consumption and pollutant emissions by boiler-houses.
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6

Jiayin, Ji, and Chen Kang. "Evaluation of Integrated Energy System in Airports Based on Comprehensive Weighting Method." E3S Web of Conferences 245 (2021): 01022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124501022.

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Анотація:
Airport is a typical integrated energy system in a park with various energy requirements. In this paper, a multi-dimensional quantitative analysis of system performance indicators was conducted by using a comprehensive weighting method based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and anti-entropy weight method. A distributed energy system evaluation matrix model was used to evaluate and compare different integrated energy designs. The results showed that electric boilers would increase the primary energy ratio and primary energy consumption than the ones caused by gas boilers. Also, energy storage devices could significantly decrease pollutant emissions of integrated energy systems but would increase investment costs and reduce the economic indicators of system solutions. In a word, the configuration with ice storage, combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP), gas boiler, ground source heat pump (GSHP), air source heat pump (ASHP), and absorption chiller had the best evaluation indicators.
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7

Ezeamama, Anayo A., and Eike Albrecht. "Micro Combined Heat and Power Systems – Evaluation of a Sample Application." Environment and Natural Resources Research 9, no. 3 (June 12, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/enrr.v9n3p1.

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Анотація:
The growing need for a secure, cost-effective, less polluting and efficient form of energy has contributed to an increasing interest in the use of micro combined heat and power (MCHP) systems. In this paper, the environmental performance and economic feasibility of a 1 kWe internal combustion engine (ICE) MCHP system in a one-family house was assessed and compared with the baseline scenario were residential energy demands are met with grid electricity and natural gas fired condensing boilers. The result of the analysis shows that MCHP systems present opportunities for savings in energy costs. Based on a social discount rate (SDR) of 5 % and a calculated 3259 operating hours, a simple payback period of about 4.8 years was derived as the time needed to recover the extra investment cost of the ICE unit. The result of the sensitivity analysis reveals that, both the running hours and price of electricity have significant effects on the payback period of the project. Considering the end of useful life period of the systems, MCHP offer a good replacement for conventional gas boilers of 90 % efficiency. However, their high initial costs (when compared to high efficiency condensing boilers), could be seen as the major factor hampering market diffusion. Also, considering the optimal environmental benefits, MCHP system produced more on-site CO2 emissions in reference to the condensing boiler but generally, annual CO2 emission is reduced by about 38 % when compared to the overall separate generation of heat and power scenario.
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8

Qu, Fang, Hong Tian, Qiu Yu Zheng, and Yu Liang Zheng. "Quantitative Assessment on Blast Effects of the Boiler BLEVE." Applied Mechanics and Materials 496-500 (January 2014): 995–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.496-500.995.

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Анотація:
The boiler BLEVE is accompanied by highly destructive blast waves and flying fragments, whose damaging effect is reflected in casualties and property losses. Thus, the quantitative assessment of a boiler BLEVE consequence, especially for the blast effects, is fairly helpful to prepare contingency plans and review the overall layout and design. The paper presents the mechanism of the boiler BLEVE blast, the consequences, and the methodology to realize the reasonable evaluation, which can give a quantity of guidance to classify and take some safety countermeasures to supervise the boilers.
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9

Braverman, Vyacheslav, and Iryna Krutoholova. "ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF AIR POLLUTION INDICATORS BY SOLID FUEL LOCAL BOILER ROOMS." Energy saving. Power engineering. Energy audit., no. 1-2(167-168) (July 18, 2022): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2313-8890.2022.01.01.

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Анотація:
In Ukraine, the losses from air pollution in 2020 amounted to 10.42 billion US dollars, or 6.7% of GDP (gross domestic product). Up to 83% of all emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere of Ukraine are accounted for by the electricity industry from the combustion of all fuels. According to the State Statistics Committee of Ukraine, 15233 settlements in rural areas are heated by coal. Due to the fighting in eastern Ukraine, energy (long-flame gas) coal began to enter the private sector and the public sector for heating with local solid fuel boilers. No other fuel pollutes the atmosphere like long-flame coal. The paper shows that for some types of emissions from the combustion of fossil coal is ten times higher than the maximum allowable concentrations. The largest exceedances of the maximum permissible concentration of 5300 times in carbon dioxide (CO2) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) in 168.8 times, as well as nitric oxide NO2 in 6.1 times. In addition, the emission of benzo (a) pyrene from coal combustion is 0.27 g / GJ. Therefore, it is impossible to solve the environmental problems of decarbonization in Ukraine without taking into account emissions from local low-power solid fuel boilers. We propose to replace fossil long-flame coal in local solid fuel boilers with biochar made from agricultural waste. Such a solution would significantly reduce emissions of pollutants and solve the problem of agricultural waste disposal. The practical use of the proposed technology is constrained by the cost of biochar production, which is higher than that of fossil coal. It is shown that the decision to replace fossil coal with biochar must also take into account the impact of pollutants on the environment and human health. The paper estimates the losses from pollution by one solid fuel boiler of the environment, which amount to UAH 333,000, and the economic damage from pollution by one solid fuel boiler on human health, which amounts to UAH 640,000. In this case, the replacement of fossil coal with biochar is very cost-effective.
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10

Merc, Jaroslav, and Augustin Varga. "Predictive Diagnostics of Wet Bottom Boilers Operational States by Calculation of Steam Coal Ash Fluid Temperature." Key Engineering Materials 669 (October 2015): 345–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.669.345.

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Анотація:
This article deals with the issue of steam coal ash fluid (or fusion) temperature evaluation by mathematical method, based on comparison of statistic values obtained by laboratory analysis. The ash fluid temperature is very important parameter for Wet Bottom Boilers operation states because of quality of slagging. The ash composition has the biggest impact to the operation effectiveness and reliability of the Wet Bottom Boilers. It can directly influence the boiler production. Importance of information on ash fluid temperature increased after more strict of NOx emission limits (below 600 mg/m3) become obliged. WBB were initially designed for optimal operation with high temperatures in combustion chamber, with a production of high amount of NOx (often about 1400 mg/m3). The ash fluid temperature is usually determined by laboratory only, but it requires certain time and costs. Authors tried to bring faster and easier way how to evaluate of ash fluid temperature with acceptable accuracy of the parameter as predictive diagnostics [6] of the future boiler operational states.
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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Boilers Evaluation"

1

Cedervall, Arvid. "Evaluation of dry fly-ash particles causing difficult deposits for acoustic soot blowing of boilers." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Tillämpad materialvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-310673.

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Анотація:
This thesis compares ash collected from different boilers cleaned using infrasound cleaning. The samples were evaluated from their physical properties, in an attempt to find connections between the difficulty to remove ash and its physical appearance. To get a deeper understanding of the mechanisms behind adhesion and fouling, and possibly explain results from the study of the ash samples, a literature review was carried out. The ash was also evaluated to see if any connections could be drawn between the physical properties of the ash and its fouling capabilities. A strong connection was found between ash density and its fouling capabilities. It was found that no dry ash with a density higher than 0.4 g/ml were difficult to remove with infrasound cleaning, and no ash with lower density was easy to remove. The ash density was calculated from a measurement of the weight of a certain volume of ash on a scale. Optical microscopy was used to study the ash samples, and gave an estimation of particle size, shape, and porosity. However, no clear connection could be observed with this method between the different samples and which were difficult to remove. The particle size for a few of the samples were also measured by a wet laser sieving method, and while it does give a good picture of particle size, the size was not found to be a useful prediction of the ash fouling behaviour. The exact mechanism giving rise to the density dependence need to be further investigated.
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2

Carls, Fredrik. "Evaluation of machine learning methods for anomaly detection in combined heat and power plant." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-255006.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
In the hope to increase the detection rate of faults in combined heat and power plant boilers thus lowering unplanned maintenance three machine learning models are constructed and evaluated. The algorithms; k-Nearest Neighbor, One-Class Support Vector Machine, and Auto-encoder have a proven track record in research for anomaly detection, but are relatively unexplored for industrial applications such as this one due to the difficulty in collecting non-artificial labeled data in the field.The baseline versions of the k-Nearest Neighbor and Auto-encoder performed very similarly. Nevertheless, the Auto-encoder was slightly better and reached an area under the precision-recall curve (AUPRC) of 0.966 and 0.615 on the trainingand test period, respectively. However, no sufficiently good results were reached with the One-Class Support Vector Machine. The Auto-encoder was made more sophisticated to see how much performance could be increased. It was found that the AUPRC could be increased to 0.987 and 0.801 on the trainingand test period, respectively. Additionally, the model was able to detect and generate one alarm for each incident period that occurred under the test period.The conclusion is that ML can successfully be utilized to detect faults at an earlier stage and potentially circumvent otherwise costly unplanned maintenance. Nevertheless, there is still a lot of room for improvements in the model and the collection of the data.
I hopp om att öka identifieringsgraden av störningar i kraftvärmepannor och därigenom minska oplanerat underhåll konstrueras och evalueras tre maskininlärningsmodeller.Algoritmerna; k-Nearest Neighbor, One-Class Support Vector Machine, och Autoencoder har bevisad framgång inom forskning av anomalidetektion, men är relativt outforskade för industriella applikationer som denna på grund av svårigheten att samla in icke-artificiell uppmärkt data inom området.Grundversionerna av k-Nearest Neighbor och Auto-encoder presterade nästan likvärdigt. Dock var Auto-encoder-modellen lite bättre och nådde ett AUPRC-värde av 0.966 respektive 0.615 på träningsoch testperioden. Inget tillräckligt bra resultat nåddes med One-Class Support Vector Machine. Auto-encoder-modellen gjordes mer sofistikerad för att se hur mycket prestandan kunde ökas. Det visade sig att AUPRC-värdet kunde ökas till 0.987 respektive 0.801 under träningsoch testperioden. Dessutom lyckades modellen identifiera och generera ett larm vardera för alla incidenter under testperioden. Slutsatsen är att ML framgångsrikt kan användas för att identifiera störningar iett tidigare skede och därigenom potentiellt kringgå i annat fall dyra oplanerade underhåll. Emellertid finns det fortfarande mycket utrymme för förbättringar av modellen samt inom insamlingen av data.
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3

Wang, Kui. "Wood Pellet Boiler Heating System Evaluation and Optimization." Thesis, Clarkson University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10276133.

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Анотація:

The use of wood pellet boilers for residential space heating has significantly increased over the past decade. Wood pellets are a biomass-based renewable energy made by pelletizing debarked wood fiber. Compared to log wood and wood chips, wood pellets have higher energy density, relatively uniform fuel quality, easier to automate their use, and therefore, are being more widely used.

A typical wood pellet heating system has three components: the boiler (energy generation unit), the thermal energy storage (TES) tank (energy storage unit), and the building (energy consumption unit). The three components form into two loops: the boiler to TES tank loop and the TES tank to building loop.

Three modern wood pellet boilers were installed and monitored in this research. Two 25 kW boilers (PB and WPB) were installed in the end of 2014 and a 50 kW boiler (LGB) was installed in March of 2016. PB is used only for radiant floor heating and WPB is used for traditional baseboard/cast iron radiators space heating as well as providing domestic hot water (DHW) supply. LGB boiler is used for concrete slab heating. The three boiler installations provide different methods of heating and different levels of building heat demand.

This research first evaluated the performance of residential scale wood pellet boilers (25 – 50 kW) in terms of boiler operation characteristics, thermal efficiency, boiler emissions, TES tank stratification and discharge efficiency, etc. Comparisons were also made among different boilers and suggestions for improvements were made. A process dynamic simulation using VMGSim was built up based on the field monitoring data. Good agreement between the simulation and field data was found. The model was then used to size the TES tank with respect to different boiler capacities and heating demands. A system sizing algorithm was provided in the end. The results will be used to compose a guidance document for wood pellet boiler heating systems.

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4

Pretorius, Quinton. "The evaluation of larvae of Musca Domestica (common house fly) as protein source for boiler production." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6667.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
Thesis (MScAgric (Animal Sciences))--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.
Includes bibliography.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of Musca domestica (common house fly) larvae meal, as protein source, for broiler production. This was done by investigating the nutritive value of house fly larvae meal together with its total tract digestibility, potential toxicity and carcass characteristics of the broilers supplemented with house fly larvae meal. The proximate analysis of house fly larvae meal show that it contained, on a dry matter basis, a gross energy value of 20.10 MJ/kg, 60.38% crude protein, 14.08% crude fat and 10.68% ash and that the house fly pupae contained a gross energy of 20.42 MJ/kg, 76.23% crude protein, 14.39% crude fat and 7.73% ash. House fly pupae meal had the closest match of amino acid profile when compared with the ideal amino acid profile required by broilers and it has arginine relative to the lysine content closer to the ideal amino acid profile than the house fly larvae meal. The essential fatty acid, linoleic acid, was found at levels of 26.25 and 36.27% of the total fats for the house fly larvae and pupae meal respectively. House fly larvae meal supplementation did not induce gizzard erosion or showed toxicity (regarding the gastro intestinal tract, immune system and organ stress) in broilers. Results revealed that house fly pupae meal had higher total tract digestibilities for most nutrients than of the house fly larvae meal. House fly larvae meal had a crude protein total tract digestibility of 69% and that of pupae meal was 79%. Both larvae and pupae meal had high amino acid total tract digestibilities of all the amino acids analysed. The house fly larvae and pupae meal had an apparent metabolizable energy (AME) value of 14.23MJ/kg and 15.15MJ/kg respectively. The larvae meal total tract crude fat and crude fibre digestibilities were 94% and 62% respectively. The pupae meal total tract crude fat and crude fibre digestibilities were 98% and 58% respectively. House fly larvae meal supplementation in a three phase feeding system significantly increased average broiler live weights at slaughter, total feed intake, cumulative feed intake as well as average daily gain (ADG) when compared to commercial maize: soya oil cake meal diet. In direct comparison of larvae inclusion levels with fishmeal in isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diet, no significant differences were observed between a 10% house fly larvae and a 10% fish meal diets regarding performance characteristic. The 25% house fly larvae meal diet yielded significantly better average broiler live weights at slaughter, total feed intake, cumulative feed intake (from the second week until slaughter) as well as average daily gain when compared to the 25% fish meal diet in the growth phases. Carcass characteristics of the 10% larvae, 10% fishmeal and commercial diets were compared. Chicks that received either the 10% house fly larvae meal or 10% fish meal supplementation produced significantly heavier carcasses and breast muscle portions than the chicks that received the commercial maize: soya oil cake meal. No treatment differences were found regarding breast and thigh muscle colour or pH. This study showed that house fly larvae meal can be regarded as a safe protein source that can be used to replace other protein sources and that has the ability to promote broiler performance without having any detrimental effects on carcass characteristics.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van die studie was om die effek van Musca domestica (gewone huisvlieg) larwe meel, as ‘n protein bron, in braaikuikens te evalueer. Dit was gedoen deur die nutrient waarde van huisvlieg larwe meel saam met die totale spysvertering verteerbaarheid, moontlike toksiesiteit en karkas-eienskappe van braai kuikens te evalueer. Laboratoruim analiese toon dat huisvlieg larwe meel 20.10 MJ/kg bruto energie, 60.38% ru- protein, 14.08% ru- vet en 10.68% as bevat en huisvlieg papie meel 20.42 MJ/kg bruto energie, 76.23% ru- protein, 14.39% ru- vet en 7.73% as bevat. Huisvlieg papie meel stem die meeste ooreen met die idiale amino suur profiel soos wat benodig word deur braaikuikens en dit het ‘n arginien tot lisien verhouding wat die meeste ooreenstem met die idiale amino suur profiel in vergelyking met huis vlieg larwe meel. Die essensiele vet suur, linolien suur, was geanaliseer teen vlakke van 26.25- en 36.27% van die totale vette onderskeidelik vir huisvlieg larwe- en papie meel. Huisvlieg larwe meel vervanging het nie spiermaag erosie of enige ander toksiese effekte te veroorsaak nie. Resultate het getoon dat huisvlieg papie meel, in vergelyking met larwe meel, het ‘n hoër totale spysvertering verteerbaarheid vir meeste van die nutrient. Die huisvlieg larwe meel het ‘n totale ru- protein spysvertering verteerbaarheid van 69% en die van papie meel van 79%. Beide larwe en papie meel het hoë amino suur spysvertering verteerbaarheid. Larwe meel en papie meel het skynbare metaboliseerbare energie waardes van 14.23MJ/kg en 15.15%MJ/kg onderskeidelik. Die larwe meel het ‘n ru-vet en ru- vesel spysvertering verteerbaarheid van 94% en 62% onderskeidelik, waar die papies ‘n ru-vet en ru- vesel spysvertering verteerbaarheid van onderskeidelik 98% en 58% het. Huisvlieg larwe meel vervanging in ‘n drie fase voer stelsel het getoon om die gemiddelde braaikuiken lewende gewigte by slag, totale voer iname, sowel as die gemiddelde daaglikse toename te verhoog waneer dit vergelyk word met ‘n kommersiele mielie- soya olie koek dieet. Geen mekwaardige verskille was waargeneem toe die 10% larwe meel dieet direk met die 10% vismeel diet vergelyk was rakende enige produksie einskappe gemeet nie. Die 25% larwe meel dieet het merkwaardig beter gemiddelde braaikuiken lewende gewigte by slag, totale voer iname, sowel as die gemiddelde daaglikse toename getoon wanneer vergelyk word met die 25% vismeel dieet gedurende die verskeie groei fases. Karkas eienskappe van die 10% larwe meel, 10% vismeel en die kommersiele diete was gevergelyk. Kuikens wat 10% larwe meel en 10% vismeel in die diete ontvang het, het swaarder karkasse gelewer met swaarder borsie massas wanneer vergelyk word met die kommersiele mielie- soya olie koek dieet. Geen behandelings verskille was gevind rakende die borsie- en dy spier kleure of pH nie. Die studie toon dat huisvlieg larwe meel as ‘n veillige protein bron kan beskou word, wat gebruik kan word om ander protein bronne te vervang. Huisvlieg larwe meel het ook die vermoë om braaikuiken produksie te verhoog sonder om enige negitiewe effekte rakende die karkas eienskappe te toon nie.
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5

Li, Jinxing. "Development and evaluation of a small-scale woody and non-woody biomass boiler with low NOx and particulate emissions." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.659188.

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The environmental concerns of C02 emissions resulting from the increasing consumption of fossil fuels over the past decades has called for greater utilisation of renewable energy resources such as solar energy, wind power and biomass energy. Currently, biomass combustion is the dominant conversion technology that is used to extract energy from biomass feedstock at all scales. However, biomass combustion can lead to significant amounts of gaseous (e.g. NOx, CO) and particulate matter (PM) emissions, which is a particular concern for simple and small scale biomass combustion stoves and boilers. The present PhD work aims to achieve low emissions of NOx, CO and PM with a 50kW commercial boiler burning different woody and non-woody biomass pellets by the use of combustion modifications and a particulate removal unit. The combustion performance and emissions of NOx, CO and PM of the boiler were experimentally investigated with three different types of woody and non-woody biomass fuels. Different operating conditions for the minimisation of NOx and CO emissions, including the 'air staging' method and the novel 'reverse flame box' system, have been studied. An innovative particulate filter unit was installed in the flue path of the boiler as a means to reduce PM emissions. CFD modelling of the tested boiler has been carried out and the simulation results have been presented and discussed in this thesis. The experimental results showed that the modified biomass boiler could handle woody biomass pellets while maintaining low levels of CO and NOx emissions. It could also handle non-woody biomass pellets if appropriate additives are added. An approximate 40% NOx reduction was achieved when the boiler was incorporated with a novel low emissions strategy termed as a 'reverse flame box', compared to the original boiler design. With the use of the innovative particulate filter unit, the PM emissions were reduced to about 1 mg/m3, which shows the particulate filter unit reduces PM emissions by over 98%. For the CFD simulation, the modelling results showed the correct trends, although it did not predict adequately the degree to which the boiler configurations affect the emissions.
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6

Tran, Tony. "Soap separation efficiency at Gruvön mill : An evaluation of the process before and after a modification." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för teknik- och naturvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-7330.

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Wood consists not only of cellulose, lignin and hemicellulose but also of so called extractives which includes fats and acids and these components are separated in the mill from the black liquor. These extractives are in the mill denoted as tall oil soap. Tall oil has a large field of applications like chemicals and fuel and as it is produced to the atmosphere if it can replace oil and thus reduce the oil consumption. Tall oil soap is separated from the black liquor in a skimmer and the focus of this thesis was to examine the effect of air injection and the soap layer thickness on the soap separation efficiency in a skimmer. The work was focused on in analyzing the soap content of the inlet and outlet black liquor flow of the skimmer and to detect if an enhancement has been achieved with the two mentioned methods. The reason for the pulp mill to improve the soap separation efficiency was to decrease the risk of foaming and fouling in the evaporator but also to be able to increase the production of tall oil. The air injection gave a 41% improvement of the soap separation efficiency and further improvements are probably possible to achieve. The air injection flow was about 7 l air /m3 liquor in the black liquor feed. The airflow lowers the density of soap, creating a greater difference in density between soap and black liquor and this improves the separation efficiency. A thicker soap layer could increase the likelihood for soap drops to raise and reach the soap-liquor interface, because the soap drops have the tendency to bind with each other and will be separated from the liquor instead of following with the skimmed liquor outlet (fig. i.2). However, this study shows no indication of improvement with thicknesses that exceeds 0,75- 3,5 m which also endanger the skimmer due to overflow from the skimmer or create a short circuit between the in- and the outlet black liquor flow.
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7

Kamenský, Petr. "Návrh a porovnání otopných soustav s různými zdroji tepla pro vytápění rodinného domu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229203.

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Diploma thesis deals with design and comparison of heating systems. In diploma thesis is designed system with gas condensing boiler, system with heat pump and system with gas condensing boiler for heating and solar collectors for heating of hot water. Content of this thesis is calculation of house heat loss, design of radiators, design of heat systems including a check of protective components, regulation with the help of thermostatic radiator valve, calculation of economical evaluation and creation of design documentation. Design is made for systems with unified temperature fall 55/45. For the variation with heat pump is computed a possibility of using the heat pump as an univalent or bivalent heat source. In the analysis of costs is considered a usage of natural gas for heating and warming of hot water with a condensing boiler, annual consumption of electric energy for operation of electrical appliances in household, consumption of electric energy for operation of heat pump for heating and warming of hot water and consumption of electric energy for warming of hot water in case of system with solar collectors. In the final evaluation a pay-off period is determined.
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8

Šenkýř, Michal. "Aspekty spolehlivosti při posuzování shody výrobků." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228227.

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The diploma thesis deals with stating the aspects of reliability in product compatibility evaluation, namely with stating result uncertainty in product parameters testing and diagnosis which are imperative for introduction of the product to the market. The practical part of the thesis focuses on stating selected uncertainty in warm-water boilers testing, especially in gas fueled boilers with rated thermal input of max. 70 kW.
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9

Rokůsek, Petr. "Úspory ve vytápění budov." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225559.

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This thesis theoretically in Part A deals with the solution in savings heating building and heating hot water. It examines the impact of austerity measures on the overall need for and consumption of heat energy and its economic impact and compared with each other in order to achieve maximum efficiency. Part B is their subsequent application to a given object - a residental building, various design alternatives and the resulting energy savings improvements. Experimental Part C deals with indirect measurement of the thermal conductivity of building materials.
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10

Kluzová, Ivana. "Návrh soustavy CZT a tepelných zdrojů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-378717.

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Книги з теми "Boilers Evaluation"

1

England, G. C. Evaluation and demonstration of low-NOx burner systems for TEOR steam generators: Final report--field evaluation of commercial prototype burner. Research Triangle Park, NC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory, 1985.

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England, G. C. Evaluation and demonstration of low-NOx burner systems for TEOR steam generators: Final report--field evaluation of commercial prototype burner. Research Triangle Park, NC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory, 1985.

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3

Kokkinos, A. Field evaluation of a low NOx firing system for tangentially coal-fired utility boilers. Research Triangle Park, NC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory, 1985.

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4

Maryland. General Assembly. Dept. of Fiscal Services. Sunset review evaluation, the Maryland Board of Boiler Rules. Annapolis, Md. (90 State Cir., Annapolis 21401-1991): The Department, 1991.

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5

Hovis, Louis S. An evaluation of the E-SOx process on the EPA pilot electrostatic precipitator. Research Triangle Park, NC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory, 1990.

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6

Hovis, Louis S. An evaluation of the E-SOx process on the EPA pilot electrostatic precipitator. Research Triangle Park, NC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory, 1990.

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7

Hovis, Louis S. An evaluation of the E-SOx process on the EPA pilot electrostatic precipitator. Research Triangle Park, NC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory, 1990.

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8

Hovis, Louis S. An evaluation of the E-SOx process on the EPA pilot electrostatic precipitator. Research Triangle Park, NC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory, 1990.

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9

Hovis, Louis S. An evaluation of the E-SOx process on the EPA pilot electrostatic precipitator. Research Triangle Park, NC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory, 1990.

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10

Vatsky, J. Evaluation of sulfur capture capability of a prototype scale controlled-flow/split-flame burner. Research Triangle Park, NC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory, 1987.

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Частини книг з теми "Boilers Evaluation"

1

Ma, Zhanhua, Felicia Iman, and Pisi Lu. "Slagging and Fouling Evaluation of PC-Fired Boilers Using AshProSM." In Cleaner Combustion and Sustainable World, 253–64. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30445-3_38.

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2

Janiuk, Tomasz, and Paweł D. Domański. "Evaluation of High Efficiency Operating Rules for Grate-Fired Boilers." In Challenges in Automation, Robotics and Measurement Techniques, 257–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29357-8_23.

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3

Morinaga, M., S. Najima, N. Wakabayashi, and H. Shirai. "Evaluation of Sulfide Corrosion Conditions in Pulverized Coal Fired Thermal Power Plant Boilers." In Cleaner Combustion and Sustainable World, 1121–29. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30445-3_149.

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4

Rafajłowicz, Ewaryst, Jerzy Wietrzych, and Wojciech Rafajłowicz. "A Computer Vision System for Evaluation of High Temperature Corrosion Damages in Steam Boilers." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 391–402. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39881-0_33.

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5

Dixon, S., C. Edwards, S. B. Palmer, and P. Crowther. "Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducers for Testing Power Station Boiler Tubes." In Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation, 1995–2000. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4791-4_255.

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6

Burford, David P., and Steven M. Wilson. "Evaluation of Coal-Derived Liquids as Utility Boiler Fuels." In ACS Symposium Series, 132–44. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1986-0319.ch012.

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7

Caetano, M. A., R. O. G. Martins, G. E. S. de Lima, A. I. Araújo, L. G. Pedroti, A. A. P. Rezende, and R. C. S. S. Alvarenga. "Evaluation of Physico-Chemical Properties When Adding Boiler Ashes to Mortar." In Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials 2016, 675–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48210-1_85.

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8

M.A., Caetano, R. O. G. Martins, G. E. S. de Lima, A. I. Araújo, L. G. Pedroti, A. A. P. Rezende, and R. C. S. S. Alvarenga. "Evaluation of Physico-Chemical Properties When Adding Boiler Ashes to Mortar." In Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials 2016, 675–81. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119263722.ch85.

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9

Chen, Yingyue, Lijun Xiao, and Osama Hosam. "A Performance Evaluation Method of Coal-Fired Boiler Based on Neural Network." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 277–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34139-8_27.

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10

Jones, Michael, and Paul Rogers. "The Evaluation of Low-Density Ceramic Filters in a Boiler Flue Gas Clean-Up System." In Gas Cleaning at High Temperatures, 190–202. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2172-9_13.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Boilers Evaluation"

1

Muftah, Ali K., Mabruk M. Abugderah, and Hakem S. Dakhel. "Boilers Performance Evaluation Of Zuara Desalination Plant." In The First Conference for Engineering Sciences and Technology. AIJR Publisher, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/proceedings.2.34.

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2

Minagawa, Keisuke, Kiyoshi Aida, Go Tanaka, and Satoshi Fujita. "Research and Development of Viscous Fluid Dampers for Improvement of Seismic Resistance of Thermal Power Plants: Part 3 — Evaluation of Vibration Control Performance." In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-65638.

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Анотація:
After Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011, the base load power in Japan was shifted from nuclear power to coal-fired thermal power. Stable electricity supply is one of important infrastructure, so improvement of seismic reliability of coal-fired thermal power plant and related structures is very important. Boiler structures in coal-fired thermal power plants are generally high-rise structures, and boilers in the structures are usually hung on the top of the structures in order not to restrict thermal expansion. Therefore boilers easily vibrate by earthquakes. In order to suppress vibration of boilers during earthquakes, stoppers made of steel are installed between boilers and support structures. The stoppers have simple mechanism and dissipate vibration energy by plastic deformation of steel material. However, further improvement of vibration control performance is required from the viewpoint of above-mentioned social requirements and recent large earthquakes such as the Great East Japan Earthquake, the Kumamoto earthquake in 2016 and so on. This study proposes an application of a damper using viscous fluid to boilers of coal-fired power plants. The damper is set between boilers and support structures. There are many examples of application of the damper using viscous fluid to buildings and civil engineering structures. Therefore the application of the damper to boilers will be effective. In this paper, a seismic response analysis using an analysis model of a boiler structure is conducted. The analysis model has plural stoppers or plural dampers. The response analysis result is evaluated from the viewpoint of vibration control performance. In other words, story shear force of the support structure is evaluated. In addition various limitations such as the maximum stroke of the dampers are taken into account. As a result, story shear force of the support structure with the proposed damper is smaller than that of the structure with the conventional stopper made of steel, so the proposed damper has high vibration control performance.
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3

Chudnovsky, B., Z. Steg, A. Kunin, A. Talanker, and A. Sabek. "Evaluation of Biomass and Torrefied Coal Co-Firing in Large Utilities Boilers." In ASME 2013 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2013-98034.

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Renewable energy targets and CO2 emissions markets drive the transition to a cleaner and renewable energy production system. In this manner, utilities are looking for cost effective options with a minimum impact on unit performance and reliability. Co-firing biomass, in comparison with other renewable sources, is the main contributor to meeting the world’s renewable energy target. It avoids the destruction of capital, by making coal-fired power plants cleaner without having to replace them. Biomass co-firing provides a relatively low cost means of increasing renewables capacity and an effective way of taking advantage of the high thermal efficiency of large coal fired boilers. The direct displacement of coal when co-firing plus the higher conversion efficiencies generally achieved also contribute to achieving higher CO2 reduction benefits from each co-fired tone of biomass. However, coal–fired power plants are not designed to co-fire large amounts of biomass. This means that not more than 5–10% of biomass can be co-fired. In order to increase this amount, utilities have to make significant investments in dedicated biomass handling and processing equipment. Even when these investments are made, the co-firing percentage is often limited to 20% thermal fraction, because the chemical and physical properties of bio-fuels. Another possibility, to increase biomass fraction in co-firing is torrefied fuel burning. Co-firing torrefied biomass could increase considerably co-firing percentages, while saving investment and transport cost compared to biomass co-firing. However, it should be concerned regarding the ability of generators involved in coal and biomass co-firing that this alternative may impact on boiler reliability due to specific biomass properties and it this issue should be carefully evaluated during design stage. In order to prevent such an undesirable effect we initiated a study to understand the influence of using co-firing on the capacity, limitations of furnace size, heat transfer surfaces, firing systems, pulverizers, fans, airheaters and equipment for post combustion emission treatment. This paper discusses the technical and commercial application of coal and biomass/ torrefied coal co-firing in large utility boilers. In the present study we used a series of simulation using computer codes; the latter are CFD codes suitable for simulation of the performance and emissions of co-fired utility boilers and an expert system that aided in issues like boiler and furnace performance, pulverizing capabilities, post combustion treatment equipment performance, sootblowing optimization, boiler Fans operation and performance.
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4

Aida, Kiyoshi, Keisuke Minagawa, Go Tanaka, and Satoshi Fujita. "Research and Development of Viscous Fluid Dampers for Improvement of Seismic Resistance of Thermal Power Plants: Part 2 — Evaluation of Lifetime." In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-65628.

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In 2011, Great East Japan Earthquake that is the largest earthquake ever observed occurred. The earthquake had large energy, long duration time and many aftershocks. Huge tsunami caused nuclear accidents. At present, a large number of nuclear power plants in Japan have not been operated yet. Then the base load power in Japan was shifted from nuclear power to coal-fired thermal power. Therefore it is very important to improve aseismic performance of coal-fired thermal power plants. Boiler structures in coal-fired thermal power plants are generally high-rise structures. In addition its combustion temperature is very high, so boilers are simply suspended from the top of the support structures in order to allow thermal expansion. Therefore boilers easily vibrate. In order to suppress vibration of boilers during earthquakes, stoppers are set between boilers and support structures. The stoppers are made of steel, and dissipate vibration energy by plastic deformation. However aseismic requirements for thermal power plants against large earthquakes having large numbers of repeat counts have been increased. Then authors have developed a vibration control damper for coal-fired power plants. The damper is set instead of conventional stopper made of steel, and it is able to perform in earthquakes with relatively large numbers of repeat count. Construction of the damper is similar to oil dampers, but inner fluid is viscous fluid. In this paper, a seismic response analysis using an analysis model of a boiler structure is conducted. The analysis model has plural stoppers or plural dampers. The response analysis result is arranged to investigate lifetime of the stoppers or the dampers. The accumulated plastic displacement of each stopper or damper is used for the evaluation. As a result, it was confirmed that the proposed damper has high durability compared with conventional stopper made of steel.
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5

Gurski, Bill, John Guarco, and Nando Nunziante. "Solid Fuel to Natural Gas Conversions for Circulating Fluid Bed Boilers." In ASME 2014 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2014-32258.

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Recent discoveries of vast natural gas reserves in the United States have led to increased domestic natural gas production, resulting in lower prices. Utility and large industrial facilities are performing solid fuel conversions on their boilers to natural gas as a cost-effective and efficient fuel solution. Natural gas is not only economically beneficial but also environmentally efficient with cheaper prices and reduced SO2, NOx, and CO2 emissions. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has recently released mandatory requirements that directly affect the cost effective operation of solid fuel boilers, resulting in natural gas becoming a more economically appealing choice of fuel for facility operators. As more facilities consider boiler fuel conversions, it is important to understand all facets of the conversion, from the thermal evaluation of the boiler, to the complete design, supply and installation of the new firing system. Zeeco will provide specific details and recommended practices from a recent Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) Boiler solid fuel conversion to natural gas application designed for 1.3 billion Btu/hr of heat input for the maximum continuous steam rating. The information will detail the boiler conversion from a solid fuel fluid bed to a 100% natural gas fired boiler design. Thermal performance results, design and supply of the complete new gas firing system, and installation conversion assistance for the boiler modifications and firing system installation details are also provided.
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6

Zhao, Xinmu, Junfu Lu, Jianhua Yang, Qingguo Zhang, Fengliang Dong, Long Yu, Zhongming Yang, and Guangxi Yue. "Operational Performance and Optimization of a 465t/h CFB Boiler in China." In 18th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fbc2005-78051.

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In the last three years in China, more than 80 units of 135MWe circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers were ordered, and about two dozens of them have been put into operation. So far, the experience and performance evaluation of the boilers with such large capacity are very limited. A series of cold and hot tests were carried out on the boiler in order to optimize the operation and provide more information to the future design. The influence of coal properties, bed material fluidization, air distribution, bed temperature and pressure drop on the boiler performance such as carbon content in fly ash was assessed and discussed. Some problems of the boiler, including the bottom ash system, milling system, abrasion of the heating surface in the furnace, refractory stability, and exhaust fuel gas temperature are reported and suggestions are given for the future improvement and design.
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7

Tillman, David A. "Petroleum Coke as a Supplementary Fuel for Cyclone Boilers: Characteristics and Test Results." In 2002 International Joint Power Generation Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijpgc2002-26157.

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Petroleum coke is periodically tested and used as a supplementary fuel for cyclone boilers. Its high heat content and low cost make it an attractive fuel for power generation. In cyclone boiler firing, it also has environmental advantages. While it is high in sulfur content, it can be used to reduce NOx emissions along with such trace metal emissions as mercury and arsenic. Successful firing of petroleum coke in cyclone boilers, however, requires considerable attention to fuel properties of the coal and the opportunity fuel including fuel structure and reactivity, and ash chemistries. This paper reviews selected properties of petroleum coke including traditional analyses plus structural characterization using 13Carbon Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), drop tube reactor (DTR) characterization for kinetics and volatility evaluation, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) for char oxidation kinetics. The paper then summarizes results of petroleum coke firing at the Paradise Fossil Plant of TVA, and Bailly Generating Station of Northern Indiana Public Service Company (NIPSCO). Results presented include impacts of cofiring on boiler efficiency, NOx emissions, and the fate of selected trace metals including arsenic, mercury, nickel, and vanadium. It documents the overall benefits and issues associated with cofiring petroleum coke with coal in cyclone boilers as a significant opportunity fuel.
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8

Blasiak, Wlodzimierz, and Weihong Yang. "Combustion Improvement System in Boilers and Incinerators." In International Joint Power Generation Conference collocated with TurboExpo 2003. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijpgc2003-40141.

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This work presents the main features, advantages and evaluation of applications of the novel “Ecotube” combustion improvement and emission reduction system by Ecomb AB of Sweden and Synterprise, LLC of Chattanooga, Tennessee. In the Ecotube system, the nozzles used for mixing are put on the suitable position inside the combustion chamber to control uniformity of temperature, mixing and reactants distribution in boilers and incinerators since the formation and reduction of pollutants (NO, CO and VOC) and in-furnace reduction processes (Air/Fuel staging, SNCR, flue gas recirculation and SOx reduction by dry sorbent injection) are related directly to mixing in a combustion chamber. The novel Ecotube combustion improvement system allows better control of mixing of the gases for example from a primary combustion zone with secondary combustion air or a recirculated flue gas. By means of the novel system it is possible to better control the residence time and to some degree gas phase temperature distribution as well as the heat release distribution in the furnace of the waste incinerators or boilers. This new combustion improvement system can be applied to supply different gas or liquid media — for example air, fuel, urea or even solid powder. Using the system a more efficient and environmentally clean combustion or incineration process can be performed. The Ecotube System may be used to meet increasingly stringent environmental emissions regulations, such as NOx SIP Call, while it delivers added benefits of reduced and stabilized CO and reduced fly ash and improved boiler efficiency. The study tool used in this work to present influence of the Ecotube system design on temperature as well as uniformity of reactants and flow field is numerical modeling. Using this tool, the influence of the position of the Ecotube system and the injection angle of the nozzles are studied. The studied boilers included the biomass waste incinerator, municipal solid waste incinerator and coal fired boiler. The concept of the Heat Release Distribution Ratio is proposed to classify the heat release inside the upper furnace of the boilers or incinerators. The results show that Ecotube spreads reaction zone over a larger furnace volume. The furnace flame occupation coefficient can be as high as 45% with the Ecotube system and it is around 40% higher comparing with the conventional multinozzle mixing system. Ecotube system allows keeping far more uniform heat release distribution, more uniform temperature distribution, and thus longer life of the heat transfer surfaces inside the furnace. Position of the Ecotube system and the injection angle of the nozzles are of primary importance and can be used as a technical parameter to control the boiler operation at different loads and varying operating conditions.
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9

Li, Hongwei. "Evaluation of a Distributed Energy System Combined With Heating, Cooling and Power Generation Through Multi-Criteria Optimization." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-41458.

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In this paper, multi-criteria analysis and thermo-economic optimization approach is applied to the analysis of a distributed energy system in an urban residential area in Beijing. System Net Present Value (NPV) is taken as the objective to be maximized with simultaneous consideration of the thermodynamic, economic and emission criteria with regarding to CO2 and NOx emissions. Technologies as gas turbine, internal combustion engine, absorption chiller and gas boiler are included in the plant superstructure. For comparison, case with gas boilers for heating, decentralized electric chillers for cooling and all power imported from grids is chosen as the reference.
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10

Kazarinov, L. S., A. A. Filimonova, O. V. Kolesnikova, and T. A. Barbasova. "Efficiency evaluation method for boilers performance with a team-based breakdown of outcomes." In 2017 International Conference on Industrial Engineering, Applications and Manufacturing (ICIEAM). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icieam.2017.8076176.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Boilers Evaluation"

1

Regina, J. R. Evaluation of Iron Aluminide Weld Overlays for Erosion-Corrosion Resistant Boiler Tube Coatings in Low NOx Boilers. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/814460.

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2

Regina, J. R., M. Lim, N. ,. DuPont, J. N. Barbosa, and A. R. Marder. Evaluation of Iron Aluminide Weld Overlays for Erosion-Corrosion Resistant Boiler Tube Coatings in Low NOx Boilers. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/757303.

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3

Zhang, Hao, Andrew Petruska, Zhenzhen Yu, Yiming Deng, Stephen Liu, and Lalita Udpa. Final Scientific/Technical Report: AI-Enabled Robots for Automated Nondestructive Evaluation and Repair of Power Plant Boilers. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1875707.

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4

Whaley, H., J. K. Wong, and G. N. Banks. A pilot-scale evaluation of the utilization of Canadian occidental water continuous emulsions in boilers and process combustors. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/304460.

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5

Berry, E. E., E. J. Anthony, and D. P. Kalamanovitch. An evaluation of the uses and morphology of atmospheric fluidized bed combustion wastes from CFB Summerside AFBC boilers. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/302646.

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6

Wong, J. K., G. N. Banks, and H. Whaley. A pilot-scale evaluation of the utilization of Canadian occidental water continuous emulsions in boilers and process combustors - phase iii. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/304531.

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7

Doctor, R. D., J. C. Molburg, N. F. Brockmeier, and M. Mendelsohn. CO{sub 2} capture for PC boilers using flue-gas recirculation : evaluation of CO{sub 2} recovery, transport, and utilization. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/793089.

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8

John L. Marion and Nsakala ya Nsakala. GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS CONTROL BY OXYGEN FIRING IN CIRCULATING FLUID BED BOILERS (Phase II--Evaluation of the Oxyfuel CFB Concept). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/883158.

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9

Kurnik, Charles W., and David Jacobson. Chapter 5: Residential Furnaces and Boilers Evaluation Protocol. The Uniform Methods Project: Methods for Determining Energy Efficiency Savings for Specific Measures. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1398870.

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10

Healy, E. C., J. D. Maxwell, and W. S. Hinton. Innovative clean coal technology (ICCT): demonstration of selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technology for the control of nitrogen oxide (NO{sub x}) emission from high-sulfur, coal-fired boilers - economic evaluation of commercial-scale SCR applications for utility boilers. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/436442.

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