Готові списки джерел за темами / Boar exposure

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Boar exposure"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022
Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Boar exposure"

1

DYCK, G. W. "THE EFFECT OF HOUSING FACILITIES AND BOAR EXPOSURE AFTER WEANING ON THE INCIDENCE OF POSTLACTATIONAL ANESTRUS IN PRIMIPAROUS SOWS." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 68, no. 3 (September 1, 1988): 983–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas88-111.

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Анотація:
Two studies were carried out to determine the effect of the type of housing and exposure to mature boars after weaning on the incidence of postlactational anestrus in primiparous Lacombe sows. The incidence of anestrus was higher in sows housed in pairs in confinement as compared to housing in groups in outside lots (64.0 vs. 39.5%, respectively; P < 0.10). Exposure of sows to mature boars after weaning had no effect on the incidence of anestrus, but the duration of estrus was shorter (P < 0.01) for sows with constant boar exposure as compared to minimum boar exposure. Key words: Sows, anestrus, boar exposure, housing
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2

Hemsworth, PH, C. Hansen, CG Winfield, and JL Barnett. "Effects on puberty attainment in gilts of continuous or limited exposure to boars." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 28, no. 4 (1988): 469. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9880469.

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Анотація:
To identify alternative practical procedures for stimulating early puberty in gilts, 64 crossbred gilts were allotted to 1 of 4 treatments as follows: (1) 5-min daily boar exposure, (2) 15-min daily introduction to an area adjacent to 5 boars in their pens, (3) continuously housed with a mature vasectomised boar, or (4) control, no boar exposure. Experimental treatments commenced when the gilts averaged 176 days of age, and continued until oestrus was detected or the gilts reached an average age of 212 days. All treatment groups were significantly different from the control group for the following parameters; the percentage of giltsdetectedin oestrus (93.3, 68.8, 81.3 and 31.3%, respectively), the estimated age at puberty or first ovulation (189.0, 194.9, 188.0 and 203.4 days, respectively), and the percentage of gilts estimated to have attained puberty (100, 81.3, 100 and 43.8%, respectively). We conclude that daily introduction to a corridor adjacent to mature boars and continuous housing with a mature vasectomised boar are as effective in stimulating early puberty in gilts as is daily introduction to a mature boar, and may be more practical in several commercial situations.
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3

Pearce, G. P., and P. E. Hughes. "The influence of boar-component stimuli on puberty attainment in the gilt." Animal Science 44, no. 2 (April 1987): 293–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100018663.

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Анотація:
ABSTRACTTwo experiments employing 72 and 48 pre-pubertal Large White ♂ × (Large White ♂ × Landrace ♀) gilts respectively were carried out to investigate the involvement of various boar stimuli in the induction of precocious puberty in the gilt. Experiment 1 consisted of the following treatments commencing at 165 days of age: (1) contact with an androgenized, castrated male; (2) contact with an androgenized castrated male plus a recording of boar chants; (3) as treatment (2) plus exposure to a solution of 16-androstene steroids, 3α-androstenol (5α-androst-16-en-3α-ol) and 5α-androstenone (5α-androst-16-en-3-one); and (4) contact with an entire boar. In experiment 2, additional exposure to boar urine occurred in treatments (2) and (3).Exposure of gilts to tactile, visual and auditory cues from the boar had little effect on puberty attainment. The additional exposure to 16-androstene steroids did stimulate puberty but was not as efficacious as boar exposure. Additional exposure to boar urine improved the puberty-stimulating effect of the castrated males, and further additional exposure to 16-androstenes produced a response approaching that obtained by boar exposure.These results confirm the involvement of olfactory cues from the boar in stimulating puberty in the gilt. The olfactory cues appear to be 16-androstene steroids present in boar saliva and some undefined compound(s) present in boar urine. These experiments suggest that olfactory stimuli from the boar require the simultaneous exposure to tactile and possibly also visual and auditory cues from the boar in order to stimulate the onset of puberty in the gilt.cues from the mature boar are also involved in mediating the stimulation of puberty. Exposure of gilts to isolated sources of androstene pheromones was ineffective in stimulating puberty (Kirkwood et al., 1983), whereas exposure to contact with a sialectomized boar order to stimulate the onset of puberty in the gilt.
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4

Pearce, G. P., and P. E. Hughes. "The influence of daily movement of gilts and the environment in which boar exposure occurs on the efficacy of boar-induced precocious puberty in the gilt." Animal Science 40, no. 1 (February 1985): 161–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100031962.

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Анотація:
ABSTRACTTo examine the influence of boar exposure environment and daily movement on the efficacy of boar-induced precocious puberty in the gilt, 60 Large White × (Large White × Landrace) prepubertal gilts from 12 litters were randomly allocated within litter to five treatment groups of six, in two replicates, at 145 days of age. Treatments were (1) control (no movement or boar exposure), (2) gilts moved to a boar pen and exposed to a mature boar, (3) gilts moved to a different pen and exposed to a boar, (4) gilts moved to a different pen only, (5) gilts moved to a vacated boar pen. Treatments occurred for 30 min/day for 75 days, or until pubertal oestrus was observed. Gilts showing pubertal oestrus were removed and slaughtered. Ovaries were examined to confirm reproductive status. Gilts failing to exhibit oestrus by 240 days of age were slaughtered and nominally ascribed a pubertal age of 245 days. Age at puberty was significantly earlier (P < 0·001) in treatments 2 and 3 involving boar exposure than in treatments 1, 4 and 5 not involving boar exposure. No significant difference was observed in the median gilt age at puberty between the two forms of boar exposure used in this experiment. Thus the efficacy of the boar effect does not appear to be significantly affected by the environment in which exposure to the boar takes place. Additionally, it is suggested that the stress of a daily pen change is insufficient to stimulate precocious puberty in gilts in the absence of boar contact.
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5

Siswadi, R., and PE Hughes. "The efficacy of the boar effect when conducted in a modified detection-mating area (DMA)." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 46, no. 8 (1995): 1517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9951517.

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Анотація:
Fifty-six Large White/Landrace crossbred gilts from 14 litters were allocated to four treatments by litter and liveweight in a 2x2 factorial experiment. The two factors tested were boar contact v. no boar contact and exposure to a modified Detection-Mating Area (DMA) v. no DMA exposure. All treatments began at a mean gilt age of 160 days and continued on a daily basis for 60 days. Daily boar exposure significantly reduced mean gilt age at puberty (196.2�3.88 v. 216.6�3.26 days respectively, P < 0.01) and increased the proportion of gilts attaining puberty within 60 days of commencement of treatment (0.79 v. 0.30 respectively, P < 0.01), compared with gilts receiving no boar exposure. In contrast, daily exposure to a modified DMA failed to significantly reduce mean gilt age at puberty (202.8�4.63 v. 209.7� 3.35 days respectively) or to increase the proportion of gilts attaining puberty within 60 days of commencement of treatment (0.50 v. 0.59 respectively) compared with gilts receiving no DMA exposure. However, daily exposure to a modified DMA did significantly increase the proportion of gilts pubertal over a 2-day period (days 27-28 of treatment) relative to gilts not exposed to a DMA. It is concluded that (1) daily boar exposure is a potent stimulus for early puberty attainment in gilts, (2) full physical contact with the boar must occur in order to achieve the boar effect, and (3) the current recommendation that gilt puberty stimulation can be adequately achieved by exposing them to a DMA on a daily basis should be re-examined.
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6

Walton, J. S. "A note on the effect on puberty in gilts of exposure to a boar between 140 and 160 days of age." Animal Science 41, no. 1 (August 1985): 127–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100017633.

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Анотація:
ABSTRACTGroups of five Yorkshire ♂ x Landrace ♀ gilts were either exposed (BE) or not exposed (NE) to a mature boar commencing at 140, 147, 154 or 161 days of age. Each group of BE gilts was slaughtered 10 days after initial boar exposure, for examination of the reproductive tract, with one of the four NE groups killed at a corresponding age.NE gilts remained prepubertal throughout. Boar exposure induced ovulation in one gilt at 140 days, two gilts at 147 days, two gilts at 154 days and one gilt at 161 days. Boar exposure also increased uterine weight (P < 0·001). There were no effects of age either on the number of gilts ovulating or on uterine weight. There was a significant positive effect of body weight on uterine weight which was greater in BE gilts than in NE gilts. These results suggest that body weight may be a determinant of the response to boar exposure by gilts between 140 and 170 days of age.
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7

Yang, H., M. A. Varley, and R. G. Rodway. "Effect of allyl-trenbolone on the attainment of puberty in gilts treated with oestradiol." Animal Science 45, no. 3 (December 1987): 503–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100002981.

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Анотація:
ABSTRACTSixty Large White d♂ × (Large White ♂ × Landrace ♀) pre-pubertal gilts were allocated at random to one of five treatments. Treatment consisted of a combination of three factors to induce puberty and maintain cyclicity: the administration of exogenous oestradiol benzoate (OB), the application of an orally active synthetic progestagen, allyl-trenbolone (AT), and exposure to mature boars. Treatment A gilts were given OB at 160 days of age (15 μg/kg body weight). This was followed by the administration of 20 mg/day of AT from 166 days of age for 18 days. These gilts were also allowed exposure to a mature boar for 30 min/day from 160 days of age until they were mated. Treatment B gilts were given OB at 160 days of age and were allowed boar exposure from 160 days of age but were not given AT. Treatment C gilts were given OB and AT but were not allowed exposure to a mature boar. Treatment D gilts were not given OB at the beginning of the experiment but were given AT for 18 days from 166 days of age and were allowed boar exposure. Treatment E gilts were not given any exogenous hormones but were allowed boar exposure from 160 days of age. The dose of OB was split equally into three bolus injections given on consecutive days beginning at 160 days of age. All gilts were mated twice during the first 2 days of their second oestrous period, and were slaughtered at either 25 days post coitum or at 220 days for anoestrous gilts.The percentages of OB-treated gilts with normal oestrous cycles (oestrous cycles of between 15 and 30 days from one oestrus to the next) were: 91·7%(11/12), 45·5%(5/ll) and 58·3%(7·12) for gilts in treatments A, B and C respectively (P < 0·05). The OB-treated gilts (treatments A, B and C) attained puberty at a significantly younger age than did the control gilts in treatment E (F < 0·05). No significant differences were found in ovulation rate and the percentage embryo survival between treatments.The results demonstrate that the combination of AT and boar exposure was an effective means of maintaining oestrous cycles in OB-treated gilts.
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8

Höfner, Lisa, Anne-Marie Luther, Alessandra Palladini, Thomas Fröhlich, and Dagmar Waberski. "Tolerance of Stored Boar Spermatozoa to Autologous Seminal Plasma: A Proteomic and Lipidomic Approach." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 18 (September 4, 2020): 6474. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21186474.

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Анотація:
Long-term exposure of liquid preserved boar spermatozoa to seminal plasma (SP) can cause dramatic sperm injury. This study examined whether boar specificity exists in the sensitivity of spermatozoa to SP and whether correspondent biomarkers can be identified. Consecutive ejaculates (n = 4–5) collected from 19 boars were centrifuged, diluted with a pH-stablising extender with 10% (v/v) autologous SP and evaluated by computer-assisted semen analysis and flow cytometry. Up until 144 h storage, four boars showed consistently high sperm motility, viability and mitochondria activity, and one boar showed consistently low values. Intra-boar variability was high in the other boars. Screening of SP (n = 12 samples) for protein markers using mass spectrometry identified three protein candidates of which the granulin precursor, legumain and AWN were 0.5 to 0.9 log2-fold less abundant (p < 0.05) in SP-resistant compared to SP-sensitive samples. Lipidome analysis by mass spectrometry revealed 568 lipids showing no difference between the SP-groups. The most abundant lipids were cholesterol (42,442 pmol), followed by phosphatidylserine (20,956 pmol) and ether-linked phosphatidylethanolamine (13,039 pmol). In conclusion, three candidate proteins were identified which might be indicative of SP-tolerance of sperm during long-term storage. Noteworthy, a first lipidomic profile of boar SP is presented.
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9

Prompiram, Phirom, Kanaporn Poltep, and Nongluck Sangkaew. "Antibody reaction of leptospirosis in asymptomatic feral boars, Thailand." November-2019 12, no. 11 (November 2019): 1884–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2019.1884-1887.

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Анотація:
Aim: This study aimed to determine the proportion of exposure to leptospirosis and evaluate the degree of serovar antibody reaction in feral boars. Materials and Methods: A total of 58 sera obtained from feral boars in Khao Prathab Chang Wildlife Breeding Center, Ratchaburi, Thailand, were screened for leptospirosis exposure by microscopic agglutination test, conducted with a reference panel of 23 pathogenic serovars and a non-pathogenic serovar. Results: Overall exposure rate of 62.07% was found in the studied population. An antibody reaction presented in 18 of 24 leptospiral serovars. Among the seropositive, Ballum serovar showed predominant exposure in the feral boar population. Conclusion: The results show a relatively high exposure to leptospirosis and the predominant serovar was Ballum followed by Canicola, the first finding in feral boars in Thailand. It has been revealed that feral boars act as a natural reservoir host of leptospirosis. There should be more concern about public health problems in leptospirosis arising where feral boars appear.
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10

Lynch, P. B., T. J. Hanrahan, and S. Arkins. "Effect of Age at First Mating on Lifetime Performance of Sows Under two Weaning Regimes." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1994 (March 1994): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s030822960002715x.

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Анотація:
The effect of age at first mating on lifetime reproductive performance of sows has been examined by Brooks and Smith (1980). They concluded that early mating had no adverse effects on later fertility and resulted in greater overall efficiency of feed utilisation. This may not be true in modern intensive production systems where early weaning results in depressed litter size (Clark and Leman, 1986).Gilts were reared in groups of eight under an ad libitum feeding system and isolated from male pigs from 30 kg live weight until boar exposure at 200, 220 or 240 days of age (= B200, B220 and B240). Groups were transferred intact to the breeding area at the appropriate age. A mature boar was penned in the house, allowed in the pen with the gilts for 1-2 hours daily for the first 3 days and later only under supervision to allow heat detection. Animals were mated at the first observed oestrus after boar exposure. Those not mated by 35 days after boar exposure were culled.
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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Boar exposure"

1

Moore, Kelly Renee. "Estrus induction and maintenance of cycles in gilts with PG-600 and boar exposure." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4937.

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Анотація:
Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on October 31, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.
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2

Ljungvall, Karl. "Prepubertal exposure to Di(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate : kinetics and effects on the reproductive system of the boar /." Uppsala : Dept. of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2006. http://epsilon.slu.se/200615.pdf.

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3

Sanapala, Ravikumar. "Characterization of FR-4 printed circuit board laminates before and after exposure to lead-free soldering conditions." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/8362.

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Анотація:
Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2008.
Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Mechanical Engineering. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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4

Mobini, Tina. "An Evaluation of Kilo Voltage Image Quality Produced by an On-Board Imager System." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-175344.

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Анотація:
Syfte: Syftet med detta projekt var att utvärdera kvaliteten på de digitala röntgenbilder som genereras med en On-Board imager® (OBI), monterad på en medicinsk linjäraccelerator på radioterapiavdelningen på Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset. Dessa kilovoltbilder används för att verifiera patientens position på behandlingsbordet, inför behandling, för att reducera risken att friskvävnad bestrålas i onödan. Detta utförs genom en online ortogonal 2D-2D matchningsteknik innan strålningen leveras. Material och metoder: OBI-system, utvecklad av Varian Medical System, erbjuder en protokoll med exponeringsparametrar för att hjälpa användaren att välja lämpliga inställningar för exempelvis lämplig rörström och spänning under bildtagningen de digitala kilovoltbilderna. Under detta projekt skapades flera testbilder tagna med ändrade exponeringsparametrarna i de befintliga protokollen. Dessa testbilders kontrast bedömdes sedan och jämfördes med bilder tagna med de förinställda parametrar från Varians protokoll. Resultat och slutsats: En utvärdering av de experimentella testbilderna, i jämförelse med bilder skapade med det befintliga protokollet, visade att en justering av exponeringsfaktorer inte leder till något signifikant förbättring av bildernas kontrast.
Purpose: The purpose of this project was to evaluate the quality of kilo Voltage- digital radiography images that are provided by an On-Board imager® (OBI) mounted on a medical linear accelerator at the Radiotherapy department of Karolinska University Hospital. The digital kV-images are used to verify patient position on the treatment table, in order to reduce healthy tissue irradiation, using an online orthogonal set of 2D-2D matching technique, before the treatment delivery. Material and methods: The OBI- system elaborated by Varian Medical System offers an exposure factor protocol in order to help users to choice proper exposure factors, as proper tube current and tube voltage, during acquisition of kV-images. In this project several test images were performed by changing the exposure factors. Further the test images quality regarding, quality index contrast, was assessed and compared with the image performed by the existent Varian protocol. Result and Conclusion: Evaluation of the tests images shows that changing of the exposure factors doesn’t result in any significant improvement of kV-images contrast as compared to images created with the existent protocols parameters.
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5

Spjuth, Linda. "Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and semen quality in boars : effects of pre-pubertal oral exposure on sperm production, viability and function post-puberty /." Uppsala : Dept. of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2006. http://epsilon.slu.se/2006104.pdf.

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6

Eriksson, Linnéa, and Therese Svensk. "Relationen mellan mångfald, miljörapportering och medieexponering." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för ekonomivetenskap och juridik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-27358.

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Анотація:
Globalt pågår debatter kring mångfald inom ledningsgrupper. Forskare på området är hittills inte överens om de effekter som mångfald inom affärsvärlden medför, ändå finns starka åsikter kring hur en ledningsgrupp bör utformas utifrån kön, ålder, utbildning och etnicitet. Spekulation avseende mångfalds betydelse för hållbar utveckling förekommer och i takt med ökade krav på hållbarhetsrapportering växer intresset för faktorer som kan främja denna form av rapportering. I dagsläget saknas tvingande standarder för hållbarhetsrapportering, men den miljömässiga delen inom hållbarhetsrapportering, som i studien betecknas CED-rapportering,är offentlig information och uppmärksammas i media. Media, som dels bildar normer, dels avspeglar allmänhetens förväntningar, har makten att påverka ett företags rykte. Relationen mellan mångfald i bolagsstyrelse, CED-rapportering och medieexponering är således ett aktuellt område värt att fördjupa sig i. Det huvudsakliga syftet med studien var att beskriva och analysera om mångfald i bolagsstyrelse påverkar CED-rapportering och om rapporteringen i sin tur inverkar på den grad av exponering som multinationella företag ges i media. Urvalsramen utgjordes av multinationella företag från GRI:s databas. Av 447 företag uppfyllde 202 studiens krav. Strukturella ekvationsmodeller visar att mångfald i bolagsstyrelse inte påverkar CEDrapportering. Rapporteringen påverkar däremot företags exponering i media. Företags storlek och georgrafiska placering har en inverkan på mångfald, CED-rapportering och medieexponering.
Debates about diversity among board directors are in progress globally. Scientists are in disagreement about the impacts of diversity in the business world. Yet there are strong opinions about a group’s formation on the distribution of gender, age, education and ethnicity. There are speculations of a possible relationship between diversity and sustainability reporting. The growing demands of such reporting increases the interest to determine which factors promote sustainability reporting. This study intends to explore theCorporate Environmental Disclosure (CED) of sustainability reporting. Currently there are no mandatory standard for sustainability reporting, such information is public though and exposures in media. Media compares the reports to public expectations and has the power to affect a company’s reputation. The relationship between board diversity, environmentalreporting and media exposure is hence an area worth exploring.The main intent of this study was to describe and analyse whether board diversity affects CED. Further the intent was to explore whether CED affects media exposure. The sampling for the study consisted of multinational companies. Of 447 examined, 202 formed the basis. The results of the study established by structural equation modeling, stated that board diversity is not associated with CED. Yet the study indicates that CED affects media exposure. External variables that were found to have effect on board diversity, CED or media exposure were firm size and geographical
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7

Zajiji, Ziphozihle. "The effectiveness of a Critical Mass of female board members to expose and resolve invisible dynamics in the boardroom." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/64830.

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Анотація:
Women still face invisible barriers that delay their upward mobility in organisations. These invisible barriers are poorly understood or ignored by organisations, as a result, gender transformation at the top is perpetually slow. Building from the (In)visibility theory, this study examined how invisible dynamics that underpin the shortage of women on boards can be addressed. The feminist literature has gained increasing attention, yet solutions to invisible barriers faced by women are lacking. This paper pulled the (In)visibility and Critical Mass Theories together to examine whether the presence of a Critical Mass resolves the invisible gendered dynamics in the boardroom. A qualitative method was used to collect and analyse data on sixteen women and their lived experiences of male-dominated boardrooms. The findings supported the criticsÕ argument that numeric representation is too simplistic to resolve invisible gendered dynamics. The study established that four main forces can counter the invisible dynamics that women face in the boardroom. These include Self-awareness and Confidence; The Role of a Chairperson; Resilience and Purpose, as well as Competence and Experience. Contrary to the (In)visibility theory, participants in this study did not withdraw or conceal their gender when exposed to hostile boardroom dynamics. The reasons for this are explored.
Mini Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
lt2018
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
MBA
Unrestricted
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8

JONSSON, FREDRIK, and ALEN SARIC. "K3-regelverket -En studie av inkomna remissvar." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Handels- och IT-högskolan, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-20756.

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På redovisningsområdet pågår det ständigt förändringar och under den senaste tiden har stort fokus legat på BFN. Nämnden har sedan 2004 arbetat med det så kallade K-projektet där målet är att ta fram samlade regelverk för företag i olika form och storlek. I denna uppsats ligger fokus på K3-regelverket som huvudsakligen är anpassat för större onoterade aktiebolag samt ekonomiska föreningar. Tanken är att regelverket ska baseras på IFRS for SMEs som är IASBs regelverk för små och medelstora företag. I dagsläget finns inget samlat regelverk för dessa bolag i Sverige för upprättande av årsredovisning. Syftet med K3 är att det ska förenkla redovisningsarbetet och på det sättet minska de administrativa kostnaderna.I slutet av år 2010 skickade BFN ut K3 på remiss till 52 instanser. Av dessa valde 28 att skicka in remissvar av olika omfattning. Vi har behandlat 13 utav dessa eftersom resterande inte varit tillräckligt innehållsrika för att bidra med relevant information till uppsatsen.Syftet med uppsatsen har varit att undersöka och redogöra för vilka huvudargument som de olika instanserna har yttrat i sina remissvar gällande K3-regelverket. Studien är av kvalitativ karaktär med en induktiv ansats där empirin har bestått av de utvalda remissvaren.Instanserna har framfört konstruktiv kritik av olika karaktär. Huvudargumenten har vi delat in i fyra olika kategorier. Dessa har varit användarvänlighet, förhållandet till svenska lagar, förhållandet till IFRS for SMEs samt förhållandet till god redovisningssed. Resultatet av studien visar att en stor majoritet anser att användarvänligheten i K3 är undermålig och att strukturen måste förbättras för att kunna tillämpas i praktiken. Flera instanser menar även att BFN i sitt arbete att utforma K3 tagit sig stora friheter att inskränka på regler som anges i ÅRL. I vissa fall har instanser yttrat att normerna i K3 strider mot regeringsformen och ifrågasatt BFNs skrivelser. Positivt ser instanserna dock på att nämnden valt att basera K3 på IFRS for SMEs men att det i flera fall sker avvikelser från det internationella regelverket vilket inte välkomnas av ett antal instanser. Vår slutsats är att K3 i dagsläget inte är tillräckligt välutvecklat för att kunna tillämpas i praktiken eftersom majoriteten av instanserna har sammantaget fler negativa än positiva synpunkter kring regelverket.
Program: Civilekonomprogrammet
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Terry, Robyn. "Managing the lactating sow to stimulate lactation ovulation." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/98161.

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In lactation, sows are typically anoestrus, with ovulation occurring three to seven days after weaning at approximately 24 days post-partum. Increasing piglet age to greater than 28 days improves piglet performance and welfare; however, it also results in reduced sow farrowing frequencies, making the commercial adoption of increasing piglet weaning age unsustainable. Stimulating a sow to ovulate in lactation represents a solution as it enables lactation length to be increased whilst maintaining reproductive efficiencies. The aims of the research reported in this thesis were to investigate mechanisms to reliably stimulate a lactation oestrus in multiparous and primiparous sows. Secondly, to determine the effect of these strategies on piglet growth, subsequent pregnancy rate, farrowing rate and litter size. The mechanisms investigated were focused on: reducing the suckling input to the sow through split weaning or low-confinement alternative lactation housing; and fence, or full physical, boar exposure. The importance of a reduced suckling input was demonstrated in Chapter Two. The proportion of sows expressing a lactation oestrus increased as the number of piglets weaned on day 18 of lactation increased from zero, three, five to seven. Additionally, early weaning did not compromise growth of the split weaned piglets, with both early and late weaned piglets experiencing similar body weights by day 40 of age. Chapter Three evaluated the effect of full physical boar exposure commencing at day 10, 14 or 18 postpartum on the incidence of lactation oestrus in primiparous and multiparous sows. A high proportion of multiparous sows expressed a lactation oestrus in response to boar exposure compared to first parity sows; however, the summer months impacted this expression. No benefits of commencing boar exposure before day 18 post-partum on lactation oestrus expression were observed. Chapter Four coupled full physical boar exposure with split weaning of piglets at day 18 post-partum within a commercial piggery. Boar exposure was effective at stimulating a lactation oestrus in multiparous sows whereas primiparous sows require, in addition to boar exposure, a reduction in suckled litter size. A high incidence (24%) of lactating multiparous sows that received no stimulation spontaneously ovulated before weaning resulting in a prolonged weaning to oestrus interval. These results suggest that for the modern sow, weaning is not necessary for ovulation. Lastly, Chapter Five demonstrated that low confinement lactation housing from seven days post-partum, in combination with fence line boar exposure, was not sufficient to stimulate a lactation oestrus. Overall, split weaning to seven piglets in conjunction with physical boar exposure resulted in the highest proportion of lactation oestrus expression with this response greater in multiparous sows than primiparous sows. Season affected the proportion of lactation oestrus expression, and this requires further investigation. Furthermore, the incidence of spontaneous ovulation during lactation suggests that the inhibition of LH release during lactation is less severe in modern genotypes. In conclusion, this thesis has demonstrated that boar exposure effectively stimulates lactation oestrus with a further increase observed when a distinct reduction in the suckling stimulus has occurred, particularly in the multiparous sow.
Thesis (Ph.D.) (Research by Publication) -- University of Adelaide, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 2015.
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Newton, Elizabeth Arrington. "Influence of altered suckling and boar exposure on sows: estrous response and endocrine changes associated with lactational and postweaning estrus." 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/22127.

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Книги з теми "Boar exposure"

1

Office, General Accounting. Gulf war illnesses: DOD's conclusions about U.S. troops' exposure cannot be adequately supported : report to congressional requesters. Washington, D.C: United States General Accounting Office, 2004.

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2

Board, National Radiological Protection. Advice given by the National Radiological Protection Board in compliance with the Direction of the Health Ministers dated 9th August 1977 in relation to radiological protection standards: Exposure to radon daughters in dwellings. [Didcot]: National Radiological Protection Board, 1987.

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3

United, States Congress Senate Committee on Banking Housing and Urban Affairs Subcommittee on Securities. Employee stock options: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Securities of the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, first session, on the proposal by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) exposure draft, "Accounting for stock-based compensation," to require companies to record a charge to their earnings upon the grant of an employee stock option, October 21, 1993. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1994.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Subcommittee on Securities. Employee stock options: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Securities of the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, first session, on the proposal by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) exposure draft, "Accounting for stock-based compensation," to require companies to record a charge to their earnings upon the grant of an employee stock option, October 21, 1993. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1994.

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5

United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. The semiannual report of the Resolution Trust Corporation Thrift Depositor Protection Oversight Board, 1994: Hearing before the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, second session, on the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989 (FIRREA) requires that the Oversight Board testify twice a year on the following seven issues: no. 1, progress made in resolving failed thrifts, no. 2, the estimated cost to the U.S. government of obligations issued or incurred by the RTC, no. 3, progress in selling assets of failed thrifts under RTC control; no. 4, the administrative costs incurred by the RTC, no. 5, the RTC's estimated income from asset sales, no. 6, potential sources of additional funds for the RTC, no. 7, the estimated remaining exposure of the U.S. government in connection with failed thrifts which the Oversight Board believes will require assistance or liquidation in the future, February 24, 1994. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1994.

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Office, General Accounting. Gulf War illnesses: Understanding of health effects from depleted uranium evolving but safety training needed : report to congressional requesters. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington, D.C. 20013): The Office, 2000.

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Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service., ed. Stock options: FASB's exposure draft to expense them. [Washington, D.C.]: Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 1996.

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8

Ontario. Industrial Disease Standards Panel. and Ontario Workers' Compensation Board, eds. Report to the Workers' Compensation Board on occupational exposure to PCBs and various cancers. Toronto: IDSP, 1987.

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9

Market value accounting: Responses to Financial Accounting Standards Board exposure draft : report to Congressional requesters. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1992.

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10

Health Effects Of Exposure To Radon Beir Vi Committee On Health Risks Of Exposure To Radonbeir Vi Board On Radiation Effects Research Commission On Life Sciences National Research Council. National Academies Press, 1999.

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Частини книг з теми "Boar exposure"

1

Rosenheck, Leah. "Impact of Human Studies Review Board on Agricultural Worker Exposure Studies." In ACS Symposium Series, 23–31. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2010-1047.ch003.

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Spiga, Ilaria, Joe Fox, and Robert Benson. "Effects of Short-and Long-Term Exposure to Boat Noise on Cortisol Levels in Juvenile Fish." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 251–53. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7311-5_55.

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Spiga, Ilaria, Joe Fox, and Robert Benson. "Potential Effects of Long-Term Exposure to Boat Noise on the Growth, Survival, and Nutrient Retention in Juvenile Fish." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 255–57. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7311-5_56.

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Fornaciari, Laura, Daniele Pochi, Corrado Costa, Giuseppina Mascilongo, Marcello Biocca, Renato Grilli, and Roberto Fanigliulo. "Fisherman’s Exposure to the Noise Emitted by a Prototype of an On-Board Rotating Sorting Machine for Clams (Chamelea Gallina)." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 233–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98092-4_25.

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Kierdorf, Horst, and Uwe Kierdorf. "The histopathology of fluorotic dental enamel in wild boar and domestic pigs." In Pigs and Humans. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199207046.003.0024.

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Studies into the behavioral ecology of wild boar and domestic pigs are promising, yet largely neglected, areas of archaeozoological research. Changes in both the diet and health of animals may reflect specific details about the possible scale and extent of human impact on hunted wild boar populations and domesticated pigs in the past. Histological and chemical ‘signatures’ of (for example) physiological stress, brought about by possible human influence, can often be recovered in the dental and skeletal tissues of Sus. However, a fuller interpretation of what the significance of these signatures might be can only be achieved if their aetiology is known, and that can only be done by studying these phenomena in modern extant populations. One of the many aspects of the human–Sus relationship is the exposure of wild boar to contaminants from anthropogenic sources. An example of this is the pollution of wild boar habitats by fluoride from power plants and other emission sources, leading to the occurrence of characteristic dental changes, known as dental fluorosis, in the affected individuals of Sus scrofa (Kierdorf et al. 2000). However, dental fluorosis also occurs in wild and domestic mammals (and in humans) living in areas with increased environmental levels of fluoride from natural sources (Shupe et al. 1983; Cronin et al. 2000, 2003; Garrott et al. 2002; WHO 2002). The macroscopic changes of dental fluorosis reflect a disturbance of the processes involved in enamel formation. Once the permanent dentition of an individual is fully formed, exposure to excess levels of fluoride will not lead to fluorotic enamel changes. Dental fluorosis can therefore be used as a highly sensitive indicator of excess fluoride exposure during the period of tooth formation in humans and other mammals (Fejerskov et al. 1988; DenBesten 1994; Boulton et al. 1999; Kierdorf & Kierdorf 1999; Kierdorf et al. 1999). Higher levels of fluoride also exert negative effects on the skeleton throughout the life of an individual, the pathological changes being known as skeletal fluorosis (WHO 2002). This crippling disability is a major human health problem in various regions of Africa, China, and the Indian subcontinent, where millions of people are affected (Finkelman et al. 1999; WHO 2002).
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Hocker, Sara E., and Ali Daneshmand. "Toxins and Environmental Neurologic Injury." In Mayo Clinic Neurology Board Review, edited by Kelly D. Flemming, 1170–76. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197512166.003.0128.

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Toxins and environmental exposures may result in central or peripheral nerve dysfunction. Toxins may be purposely ingested (eg, substance misuse), or exposure may be accidental (eg, occupational exposure or terrorism). Certain environmental exposures (eg, lightning or high altitude) may also result in neurologic injury. This chapter reviews neurologic clinical syndromes associated with toxins and the physical effects of certain environmental conditions.
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Razonable, Raymund R. "Infections in Transplant Recipients." In Mayo Clinic Infectious Diseases Board Review, 443–57. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199827626.003.0039.

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Infections are the most common complication of organ transplant. They are caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites. Transplant-associated infections usually fall into one of several categories: nosocomial or health care–associated pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, enterococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and others), opportunistic pathogens (cytomegalovirus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Pneumocystis jiroveci, polyomaviruses BK virus and JC virus, and others), and community-acquired pathogens (Streptococcus pneumoniae and respiratory viruses). Determinants of risk of infection after transplant include epidemiologic exposures (exposure history for both donor and recipient) and net state of immunosuppression (including antirejection immunosuppressive drugs, graft-vs-host disease prophylaxis and treatment, cytotoxic chemotherapy, immunomodulating viruses, and inherent defects in innate and adaptive immunity). Diagnosis and treatment of various types of infections are reviewed.
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"Analysis and Evaluation of Risk Exposures." In CFP Board Financial Planning Competency Handbook, edited by Dave Yeske, 183–88. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119642473.ch21.

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Vikram, Holenarasipur R. "Emerging Fungal Infections." In Mayo Clinic Infectious Diseases Board Review, 182–89. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199827626.003.0021.

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Emerging fungal infections include zygomycosis, fusariosis, Pseudallescheria boydii infection, and dematiaceous fungal infections. Zygomycosis is usually acquired through inhalation, ingestion, or cutaneous exposure. Fusarium species are filamentous fungi widely distributed on plants and in soil. Water distribution systems and soil of potted plants in hospitals can lead to disseminated fusariosis in immunocompromised patients. Pseudallescheria boydii is a hyaline filamentous fungus found worldwide in soil, sewage, polluted water, decaying vegetation, and manure of farm animals. It is usually acquired by inhalation or transcutaneous exposure. Dematiaceous fungi are widespread in the environment in soil, wood, and decomposing organic debris. They are common in tropical and subtropical countries. Diagnosis and treatment of individual organisms are also reviewed.
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Giefer, Matthew J., Erin R. Lane, Nicole Green, Talya L. Miller, and Michelle Pietzak. "Gastrointestinal Disorders." In General Pediatrics Board Review, 391–419. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190848712.003.0019.

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This chapter on gastrointestinal disorders uses clinical scenarios and a question-and-answer format to make the material covered both engaging and relevant. The topics addressed in this chapter range from common gastrointestinal conditions seen in everyday practice to emergent and rarer diseases that may only be encountered a few times in a career. The clinical scenarios in this chapter take place in multiple different clinical settings in order to provide exposure to a diverse array of acuity represented in clinical practice. Specific topics include acute and chronic abdominal pain, vomiting, esophageal disorders, diarrhea, constipation, jaundice, gastrointestinal bleeding, ulcer disease, hepatomegaly, malabsorption, and inflammatory bowel disease.
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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Boar exposure"

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Nurhidayati, R. Y. Lestari, I. D. G. P. Prabawa, N. Nurmilatina, F. E. Hasfianti, and S. Hamdi. "Physical Properties Evaluation of Calcium Silicate Cement Board Based on Indonesia Local Kaolin." In Conference on Broad Exposure to Science and Technology 2021 (BEST 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aer.k.220131.057.

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Li Lijuan, Wang Kang, An Zhiyong, and Yang Chengyu. "The research on fault diagnosis technique of aerocamera exposure board." In 2007 IEEE International Conference on Grey Systems and Intelligent Services. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gsis.2007.4443523.

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Pan, Shengdong, and Xiangjing An. "Content-based Auto Exposure Control for On-board CMOS Camera." In 2008 11th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itsc.2008.4732660.

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Okano, Kosuke, Hideyuki Okano, Hiromi Ishiwatari, and Keiichi Watanuki. "Evaluation of the Effects of AC Magnetic Field Exposure on Muscle Fatigue Using Surface Electromyography." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001790.

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Although magnetic field therapy has been applied for various physical conditions, clinical evidence and physiological mechanisms are not sufficiently clear to support the effectiveness of the therapeutic approach of alternating current magnetic fields (AC MFs) for muscle fatigue recovery. This study investigated the acute effects of AC MF exposure (50 Hz, Bmax = 180 mT for 15 min) on muscle fatigue in healthy humans. Healthy right-handed subjects (12 males, 20–27 years, mean = 22.83 years, SD = 1.57 years) participated after signing an informed consent form approved by the university’s institutional review board. Sham control (sham) and MF exposure were conducted using a randomized, double-blind, crossover study design. Handgrip training was performed by repeated 30 kg loading with a handgrip device up to the limit for each trial, and handgrip strength was measured before and after handgrip training. MF was applied to the left forearm for 15 min before handgrip training in a seated position. The conditions of localized muscle fatigue in the left forearm were analyzed using surface electromyography (EMG). Four electrodes were attached to the distal part of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle (intensity 1), flexor carpi radialis muscle (intensity 2), proximal part of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle (intensity 3), and brachioradialis muscle (intensity 4). The EMG sampling rate was 1,000 Hz. The raw data were bandpass filtered between 15 and 500 Hz. The energy inclusion line of the EMG waveform during repeated handgrip training was obtained, and the EMG signal during handgrip training was extracted for approximately 2 s. The Welch spectrum was obtained from the EMG signals measured during the handgrip exercise, and the intermediate frequencies for estimating muscle fatigue were calculated using frequency analysis. The results showed that the intermediate frequencies in the EMG power spectrum, which indicate muscle fatigue, were significantly reduced after handgrip training from the baseline values for intensities 1–4. MF exposure significantly suppressed the reduction of these frequencies in intensity 1, and there were significant differences between MF and sham exposure were observed intermittently. However, there was no significant difference between the MF and sham exposure for intensities 2-4. Thus, the effect of MF on intermediate frequencies varied depending on the muscle region. We speculate that the MF-induced electric fields caused eddy currents and thereby induced changes in EMG, suppressing the reduction of intermediate frequencies. Moreover, the maximum number of handgrip repetitions with MF exposure was significantly larger than that with sham exposure. Furthermore, the mean values of handgrip strength immediately after handgrip training were significantly reduced from the baseline values after both MF and sham exposure. Although the mean values of handgrip strength in the MF exposure group were higher than those in the sham exposure group, there was no significant difference between them. For both exposures, these values did not return to the baseline 5 min post-training. Overall, these results indicate that MF may prevent muscle fatigue.
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Hylton, Ronald R. "In situ Decapsulation of Plastic Encapsulated Devices Mounted to a Printed Circuit Board." In ISTFA 2002. ASM International, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2002p0333.

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Abstract In situ decapsulation of plastic devices can be used to avoid the removal or alteration of failure mechanisms caused by exposure to desoldering temperatures. This paper describes techniques to decapsulate devices mounted to a printed circuit board using materials that are readily available and easily customized to specific applications. The techniques are extended to the decapsulation of other packaging technologies, such as SBGA packages and chip-on-board assemblies. Finally, post decapsulation cleaning techniques that will not harm the printed circuit board material are presented.
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Ou, Kesheng, Jinyang Zheng, and Yongzhi Zhao. "Investigation on On-Board High-Pressure Composite Tanks Subjected to Localized and Engulfing Fire." In ASME 2012 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2012-78453.

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Safety performance of on-board high-pressure composite tanks under fire exposure has drawn extensive attention. Vehicle fires usually lead to such tanks experiencing a term of localized and engulfing fire. During this period, the composite tank would be degraded and even burst before pressure relief device (PRD) opens to release internal high-pressure gas. In this paper, experimental investigation for the tanks subjected to localized and engulfing fire was conducted on an Aluminum liner composite tank filled with hydrogen. Based on the temperature distribution and pressure rise measured in the experiment, a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model is developed to study the key factors influencing PRD activation time. The effects of filling medium, tank pressure and localized fire exposure time are analyzed in detail. The experimental results showed that pressure and temperature of internal gas changed little during the localized fire. In addition, filling medium and tank pressure have weak influence on the activation time of thermally-activated PRD (TPRD), but have significant effect on the activation time of pressure-activated PRD. TPRD can respond more quickly to protect the hydrogen composite tank than pressure-activated PRD. PRD activation time increases as the localized fire exposure time extends.
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Li, Tong, Yan Song, and Tao Mei. "An auto exposure control algorithm based on lane recognition for on-board camera." In 2015 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ivs.2015.7225791.

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Xu, Luhua, and John Pang. "Effect of thermal and electromigration exposure on solder joint board level drop reliability." In 2006 8th Electronics Packaging Technology Conference. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eptc.2006.342776.

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Birkeland, R., S. Berg, M. Orlandic, and J. L. Garrett. "On-Board Characterization Of Hyperspectral Image Exposure And Cloud Coverage By Compression Ratio." In 2022 12th Workshop on Hyperspectral Imaging and Signal Processing: Evolution in Remote Sensing (WHISPERS). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/whispers56178.2022.9955117.

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Morton, D., R. Rajapakshe, and C. Araujo. "Characterization of Varian on-board imaging systems for use in automatic exposure control software." In SPIE Medical Imaging, edited by Robert M. Nishikawa and Bruce R. Whiting. SPIE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2007646.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Boar exposure"

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Weinschenk, Craig, Daniel Madrzykowski, and Paul Courtney. Impact of Flashover Fire Conditions on Exposed Energized Electrical Cords and Cables. UL Firefighter Safety Research Institute, October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.54206/102376/hdmn5904.

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A set of experiments was conducted to expose different types of energized electrical cords for lamps, office equipment, and appliances to a developing room fire exposure. All of the cords were positioned on the floor and arranged in a manner to receive a similar thermal exposure. Six types of cords commonly used as power supply cords, extension cords, and as part of residential electrical wiring systems were chosen for the experiments. The non-metallic sheathed cables (NMB) typically found in residential electrical branch wiring were included to provide a link to previous research. The basic test design was to expose the six different types of cords, on the floor of a compartment to a growing fire to determine the conditions under which the cord would trip the circuit breaker and/or undergo an arc fault. All of the cords would be energized and installed on a non-combustible surface. Six cord types (18-2 SPT1, 16-3 SJTW, 12-2 NM-B, 12-3 NM-B, 18-3 SVT, 18-2 NISPT-2) and three types of circuit protection (Molded case circuit breaker (MCCB), combination Arc-fault circuit interrupter (AFCI), Ground-fault circuit interrupter (GFCI)) were exposed to six room-scale fires. The circuit protection was remote from the thermal exposure. The six room fires consisted of three replicate fires with two sofas as the main fuel source, two replicate fires with one sofa as the main fuel source and one fire with two sofas and MDF paneling on three walls in the room. Each fuel package was sufficient to support flashover conditions in the room and as a result, the impact on the cords and circuit protection was not significantly different. The average peak heat release rate of the sofa fueled compartment fires with gypsum board ceiling and walls was 6.8 MW. The addition of vinyl covered MDF wall paneling on three of the compartment walls increased the peak heat release rate to 12 MW, although most of the increased energy release occurred outside of the compartment opening. In each experiment during post flashover exposure, the insulation on the cords ignited and burned through, exposing bare conductor. During this period the circuits faulted. The circuit protection devices are not designed to provide thermal protection, and, thus, were installed remote from the fire. The devices operated as designed in all experiments. All of the circuit faults resulted in either a magnetic trip of the conventional circuit breaker or a ground-fault trip in the GFCI or AFCI capable circuit protection devices. Though not required by UL 1699, Standard for Safety for Arc-Fault Circuit-Interrupters as the solution for detection methodology, the AFCIs used had differential current detection. Examination of signal data showed that the only cord types that tripped with a fault to ground were the insulated conductors in non-metallic sheathed cables (12-2 NM-B and 12-3 NM-B). This was expected due to the bare grounding conductor present. Assessments of both the thermal exposure and physical damage to the cords did not reveal any correlation between the thermal exposure, cord damage, and trip type.
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Stakes, Keith, and Joseph Willi. Study of the Fire Service Training Environment: Safety, Fidelity, and Exposure -- Acquired Structures. UL Firefighter Safety Research Institute, March 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.54206/102376/ceci9490.

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Previous FSRI led research projects have focused on examining the fire environment with regards to current building construction methods, synthetic fuel loading, and best-practices in firefighting strategies and tactics. More than 50 experiments have been previously conducted utilizing furniture to produce vent-limited fire conditions, replicating the residential fire environment, and studying the methods of horizontal ventilation, vertical ventilation, and positive pressure attack. Tactical considerations generated from the research are intended to provide fire departments with information to evaluate their standard operating procedures and make improvements, if necessary, to increase the safety and effectiveness of firefighting crews. Unfortunately, there still exists a long standing disconnect between live-fire training and the fireground as evident by continued line of duty injury and death investigations that point directly to a lack of realistic yet safe training, which highlights a continued misunderstanding of fire dynamics within structures. The main objective of the Study of the Fire Service Training Environment: Safety, Fidelity, and Exposure is to evaluate training methods and fuel packages in several different structures commonly used across the fire service to provide and highlight considerations to increase both safety and fidelity. This report is focused on the evaluation of live-fire training in acquired structures. A full scale structure was constructed using a similar floor plan as in the research projects for horizontal ventilation, vertical ventilation, and positive pressure attack to provide a comparison between the modern fire environment and the training ground. The structure was instrumented which allowed for the quantification of fire behavior, the impact of various ventilation tactics, and provided the ability to directly compare these experiments with the previous research. Twelve full scale fire experiments were conducted within the test structure using two common training fuel packages: 1) pallets, and 2) pallets and oriented strand board (OSB). To compare the training fuels to modern furnishings, the experiments conducted were designed to replicate both fire and ventilation location as well as event timing to the previous research. Horizontal ventilation, vertical ventilation, and positive pressure attack methods were tested, examining the proximity of the vent location to the fire (near vs. far). Each ventilation configuration in this series was tested twice with one of the two training fuel loads. The quantification of the differences between modern furnishings and wood-based training fuel loads and the impact of different ventilation tactics is documented through a detailed comparison to the tactical fireground considerations from the previous research studies. The experiments were compared to identify how the type of fuel used in acquired structures impacts the safety and fidelity of live-fire training. The comparisons in this report characterized initial fire growth, the propensity for the fire to become ventilation limited, the fires response to ventilation, and peak thermal exposure to students and instructors. Comparisons examined components of both functional and physical fidelity. Video footage was used to assess the visual cues, a component of the fire environment that is often difficult to replicate in training due to fuel load restrictions. The thermal environment within the structure was compared between fuel packages with regards to the potential tenability for both students and instructors.
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Willi, Joseph, Keith Stakes, Jack Regan, and Robin Zevotek. Evaluation of Ventilation-Controlled Fires in L-Shaped Training Props. UL's Firefighter Safety Research Institute, October 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.54206/102376/mijj9867.

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Investigations of recent firefighter line of duty deaths caused by rapid fire progression have highlighted a deficiency in firefighters’ understanding of how certain tactics affect the fire dynamics of ventilation-controlled fires. Many fires are in a ventilation-limited, decay state by the time firefighters arrive at the scene, meaning that introducing additional ventilation to the environment has the potential to cause rapid and intense fire growth. To more effectively teach firefighters about the potential effects of ventilation on a compartment fire, ventilation-controlled fires should be gener- ated during training. Safely creating such fires while maintaining compliance with NFPA 1403: Standard on Live-Fire Training Evolutions allows instructors to educate students on this important principle of fire dynamics in the training environment. Structures utilized for live-fire training have evolved from typical concrete burn buildings to now include smaller purpose-built props, like those constructed from steel shipping containers or wood and gypsum board. Such props have been embraced by organizations due to their cost-effectiveness and potential to improve fire behavior training. Obtaining a thorough understanding of the capa- bilities and limitations of such props is critical for instructors to convey accurate messages during training and properly prepare firefighters for scenarios they’ll encounter in the field. Experiments were conducted to quantify the fire environment in L-shaped props with different wall constructions. One prop had an interior wall lining of gypsum board over wood studs and fiberglass insulation. The two other props were constructed from metal shipping containers with corrugated steel walls; one had ceilings and walls comprised solely of the corrugated steel, while the other had ceilings and walls comprised of rolled steel sheeting over mineral wool insulation with the corrugated steel wall as its backing. Three fuel packages were compared between the props: one contained furnishings mainly composed of synthetic materials and foam plastics; another contained wooden pallets and straw; and the third contained wooden pallets, straw, and oriented strand board (OSB). A stochastic approach was used to compare data between replicate tests and quantify the repeatability of the different props and fuel packages, all of which were deemed sufficiently repeatable. Comparisons of data between the three props revealed that thermal conditions between experiments in the two metal props were indistinguishable, suggesting that the additional layer of insulation did not significantly alter the fire environment. Additionally, thermal conditions in the gypsum-lined prop were more severe than those in the metal props. The effects of ventilation changes on fire conditions were also analyzed across various prop and fuel load combinations. Lastly, the response of the thermal environment in each prop during interior suppression was evaluated, and the results implied that the thermal exposure to the firefighter was more severe in the metal props than the gypsum prop for a brief period following the start of suppression.
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King, E. L., A. Normandeau, T. Carson, P. Fraser, C. Staniforth, A. Limoges, B. MacDonald, F. J. Murrillo-Perez, and N. Van Nieuwenhove. Pockmarks, a paleo fluid efflux event, glacial meltwater channels, sponge colonies, and trawling impacts in Emerald Basin, Scotian Shelf: autonomous underwater vehicle surveys, William Kennedy 2022011 cruise report. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331174.

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A short but productive cruise aboard RV William Kennedy tested various new field equipment near Halifax (port of departure and return) but also in areas that could also benefit science understanding. The GSC-A Gavia Autonomous Underwater Vehicle equipped with bathymetric, sidescan and sub-bottom profiler was successfully deployed for the first time on Scotian Shelf science targets. It surveyed three small areas: two across known benthic sponge, Vazella (Russian Hat) within a DFO-directed trawling closure area on the SE flank of Sambro Bank, bordering Emerald Basin, and one across known pockmarks, eroded cone-shaped depression in soft mud due to fluid efflux. The sponge study sites (~ 150 170 m water depth) were known to lie in an area of till (subglacial diamict) exposure at the seabed. The AUV data identified gravel and cobble-rich seabed, registering individual clasts at 35 cm gridded resolution. A subtle variation in seabed texture is recognized in sidescan images, from cobble-rich on ridge crests and flanks, to limited mud-rich sediment in intervening troughs. Correlation between seabed topography and texture with the (previously collected) Vazella distribution along two transects is not straightforward. However there may be a preference for the sponge in the depressions, some of which have a thin but possibly ephemeral sediment cover. Both sponge study sites depict a hereto unknown morphology, carved in glacial deposits, consisting of a series of discontinuous ridges interpreted to be generated by erosion in multiple, continuous, meandering and cross-cutting channels. The morphology is identical to glacial Nye, or mp;lt;"N-mp;lt;"channels, cut by sub-glacial meltwater. However their scale (10 to 100 times mp;lt;"typicalmp;gt;" N-channels) and the unique eroded medium, (till rather than bedrock), presents a rare or unknown size and medium and suggests a continuum in sub-glacial meltwater channels between much larger tunnel valleys, common to the eastward, and the bedrock forms. A comparison is made with coastal Nova Scotia forms in bedrock. The Emerald Basin AUV site, targeting pockmarks was in ~260 to 270 m water depth and imaged eight large and one small pockmark. The main aim was to investigate possible recent or continuous fluid flux activity in light of ocean acidification or greenhouse gas contribution; most accounts to date suggested inactivity. While a lack of common attributes marking activity is confirmed, creep or rotational flank failure is recognized, as is a depletion of buried diffuse methane immediately below the seabed features. Discovery of a second, buried, pockmark horizon, with smaller but more numerous erosive cones and no spatial correlation to the buried diffuse gas or the seabed pockmarks, indicates a paleo-event of fluid or gas efflux; general timing and possible mechanisms are suggested. The basinal survey also registered numerous otter board trawl marks cutting the surficial mud from past fishing activity. The AUV data present a unique dataset for follow-up quantification of the disturbance. Recent realization that this may play a significant role in ocean acidification on a global scale can benefit from such disturbance quantification. The new pole-mounted sub-bottom profiler collected high quality data, enabling correlation of recently recognized till ridges exposed at the seabed as they become buried across the flank and base of the basin. These, along with the Nye channels, will help reconstruct glacial behavior and flow patterns which to date are only vaguely documented. Several cores provide the potential for stratigraphic dating of key horizons and will augment Holocene environmental history investigations by a Dalhousie University student. In summary, several unique features have been identified, providing sufficient field data for further compilation, analysis and follow-up publications.
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Evaluation of exposures to metals and noise in a boat maintenance facility. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, April 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshhhe201701273348.

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Walk-through survey report: styrene and noise exposures during fiber reinforced plastic boat manufacturing at Century Boat Company, Inc., Panama City, Florida. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, December 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshephb30613a.

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In-depth survey report: styrene exposures during fiber reinforced plastic boat manufacturing at U.S. Marine Incorporated, Arlington, Washington. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, June 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshephb30617a.

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Walk-through survey report: styrene and noise exposures during fiber reinforced plastic boat manufacturing at U.S. Marine Incorporated, Arlington, Washington. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, August 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshephb30611b.

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In-depth survey report: styrene and noise exposures during fiber reinforced plastic boat manufacturing at Larson/Glastron Inc., Little Falls, Minnesota. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, July 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshephb30611a.

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Walk-through survey report: styrene and noise exposures during fiber reinforced plastic boat manufacturing at Sea Ray Boats, Inc., Vonore, Tennessee. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, December 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshephb30614a.

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