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Leśniak, Magdalena, Gabriela Mach, Bartłomiej Starzyk, Karolina Sadowska, Tomasz Ragiń, Jacek Żmojda, Marcin Kochanowicz, et al. "The Effect of Fluorides (BaF2, MgF2, AlF3) on Structural and Luminescent Properties of Er3+-Doped Gallo-Germanate Glass." Materials 15, no. 15 (July 28, 2022): 5230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15155230.
The effect of BaF2, MgF2, and AlF3 on the structural and luminescent properties of gallo-germanate glass (BGG) doped with erbium ions was investigated. A detailed analysis of infrared and Raman spectra shows that the local environment of erbium ions in the glass was influenced mainly by [GeO]4 and [GeO]6 units. Moreover, the highest number of non-bridging oxygens was found in the network of the BGG glass modified by MgF2. The 27Al MAS NMR spectrum of BGG glass with AlF3 suggests the presence of aluminum in tetra-, penta-, and octahedral coordination geometry. Therefore, the probability of the 4I13/2→4I15/2 transition of Er3+ ions increases in the BGG + MgF2 glass system. On the other hand, the luminescence spectra showed that the fluoride modifiers lead to an enhancement in the emission of each analyzed transition when different excitation sources are employed (808 nm and 980 nm). The analysis of energy transfer mechanisms shows that the fluoride compounds promote the emission intensity in different channels. These results represent a strong base for designing glasses with unique luminescent properties.
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Bérubé, Jean-Philippe, Arthur Le Camus, Sandra Helena Messaddeq, Yannick Petit, Younès Messaddeq, Lionel Canioni, and Réal Vallée. "Femtosecond laser direct inscription of mid-IR transmitting waveguides in BGG glasses." Optical Materials Express 7, no. 9 (August 7, 2017): 3124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ome.7.003124.
Dubuis, Simon, Sandra H. Messaddeq, Yannick Ledemi, Arnaud Côté, and Younès Messaddeq. "Effect of Bi2O3 on the physical, structural and NIR emission properties of BGG glasses prepared using different melting atmospheres." Optical Materials Express 11, no. 8 (July 16, 2021): 2560. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ome.430811.
Rodrigues Coimbra, Maria Elisa, Carlos Nelson Elias, and Paulo Guilherme Coelho. "In Vitro Characterization / Degradation of Two Bioglasses Used as Synthetic Alloplasts for Bone Grafting." Key Engineering Materials 396-398 (October 2008): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.396-398.23.
The objective of this study was to physico/chemically characterize a commercially available and a newly developed Bioglass and also to evaluate their degradation properties. Materials and Method: Two bioresorbable glasses were utilized, a bioglass synthesized at Chemical Engineering College (University of São Paulo, Lorena, São Paulo) (BG1), and the other bioglass utilized was Biogran (BG2) (3i Implant Innovations, Brazil). Particles size distribution histograms were developed for both materials, and then they were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) before and after immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 30, 60, and 90 days. Results: The particle size distribution showed that the mean particle diameters at 10%, 50%, and 90% of the total volume were 17.65, 66.18, and 114.71 µm for BG1, and 354.54, 437.5, 525.00 µm for BG2. SEM images of BG1 showed that the as-received material had a rough surface and as the time of degradation elapsed, this surface became smooth. The images of BG2 showed that the as-received material also had a rough surface, and after immersion in SBF, the material’s crystalline content/morphology could be observed. The X-ray diffraction recorded that BG1 showed a silica peak, not seen at BG2. FTIR revealed that both bioglasses were of similar composition, except for the CO3-carbonate minor peak, present at the BG2 sample. Conclusions: 1. The particle size distribution showed a polydispersed pattern for both materials. 2. The material suffered degradation, and the decomposition increased as a function of immersion in SBF. 3. Both bioglasses had similar composition.
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Clichici, Andra, Gabriela Adriana Filip, Marcela Achim, Ioana Baldea, Cecilia Cristea, Gheorghe Melinte, Ovidiu Pana, Lucian Barbu Tudoran, Diana Dudea, and Razvan Stefan. "Characterization and In Vitro Biocompatibility of Two New Bioglasses for Application in Dental Medicine—A Preliminary Study." Materials 15, no. 24 (December 18, 2022): 9060. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15249060.
Bioactive glasses (BGs), also known as bioglasses, are very attractive and versatile materials that are increasingly being used in dentistry. For this study, two new bioglasses—one with boron (BG1) and another with boron and vanadium (BG2)—were synthesized, characterized, and tested on human dysplastic keratinocytes. The in vitro biological properties were evaluated through pH and zeta potential measurement, weight loss, Ca2+ ions released after immersion in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis. Furthermore, biocompatibility was evaluated through quantification of lactate dehydrogenase activity, oxidative stress, transcription factors, and DNA lesions. The results indicate that both BGs presented the same behavior in simulated fluids, characterized by high degradation, fast release of calcium and boron in the environment (especially from BG1), and increased pH and zeta potential. Both BGs reacted with the fluid, particularly BG2, with irregular deposits covering the glass surface. In vitro studies demonstrated that normal doses of the BGs were not cytotoxic to DOK, while high doses reduced cell viability. Both BGs induced oxidative stress and cell membrane damage and enhanced NFkB activation, especially BG1. The BGs down-regulated the expression of NFkB and diminished the DNA damage, suggesting the protective effects of the BGs on cell death and efficacy of DNA repair mechanisms.
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Polosan, S., E. Apostol, M. Secu, and Gh Aldica. "BGO glasses: structural and optical characterization." physica status solidi (c) 2, no. 1 (January 2005): 93–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssc.200460119.
Tezvergil-Mutluay, A., R. Seseogullari-Dirihan, V. P. Feitosa, G. Cama, D. S. Brauer, and S. Sauro. "Effects of Composites Containing Bioactive Glasses on Demineralized Dentin." Journal of Dental Research 96, no. 9 (May 23, 2017): 999–1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034517709464.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the degradation of completely demineralized dentin specimens in contact with a filler-free or 2 ion-releasing resins containing micrometer-sized particles of Bioglass 45S5 (BAG) or fluoride-containing phosphate-rich bioactive glass (BAG-F). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were also used to evaluate the remineralization induced by the experimental ion-releasing resin-based materials. Dentin beams were totally demineralized in H3PO4 (10%) and placed in direct contact with a filler-free (RESIN) or 2 experimental ion-releasing resins (BAG or BAG-F) and immersed in artificial saliva (AS) up to 30 d. Further specimens were also processed and submitted to FTIR and SEM analysis to evaluate the remineralization induced by such ion-releasing resins before and after AS immersion. BAG and BAG-F alkalinized the incubation media. A significant decrease of the dry mass was observed between the specimens of all groups stored for 3 and 30 d in AS. However, the fluoride-containing phosphate-rich bioactive glass incorporated into a resin-based material (BAG-F) showed greater ability in reducing the solubilization of C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide (ICTP) and C-terminal telopeptide (CTX) after prolonged AS storage. Moreover, after 30 d of AS storage, BAG-F showed the greatest remineralizing effect on the stiffness of the completely demineralized dentin matrices. In conclusion, fluoride-containing phosphate-rich bioactive glass incorporated as micrometer-sized filler in dental composites may offer greater beneficial effects than Bioglass 45S5 in reducing the enzyme-mediated degradation and remineralization of demineralized dentin.
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Shin, Hyung-Seop, and Ho-Yeon Choi. "Evaluation of Cutting Characteristics in Bulk Metallic Glasses." Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A 36, no. 6 (June 1, 2012): 591–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3795/ksme-a.2012.36.6.591.
Lupescu, Olivera, Mihail Nagea, Alexandru Dimitriu, and Iulian Vasile Antoniac. "Bioactive Glasses in Treating Bone Infections." Key Engineering Materials 758 (November 2017): 245–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.758.245.
Bone infections are challenging due to their difficult and prolonged treatment, considerable possibility of relapse and strong negative physical and emotional impact. Since their treatment require thorough excisions, bone substitutes have been studied for restoring bone continuity, but with limited efficacy due to the pathophysiology of bone infections; one of the classes which proved to be efficient were the BioActive Glasses [BAG], synthetic biocompatible inorganic materials with a controlled ionic release, with demonstrated properties of wound healing, osteoconduction, angiogenesis and antibacterial activity. This paper presents the clinical experience from a Level 1 Trauma Centre where post-traumatic osteitis was treated using BioActive Glasses as bone fillers, demonstrating the potential clinical impact of these materials. The outcome of the patients was favourable, with no relapse of sepsis, therefore proving the efficacy of BAG in cases with limited grafting possibilities
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Lima, Jefferson Muniz de, Edlainne Pinheiro Ferreira, Roberta Ferreti Bonan, David Nascimento Silva-Teixeira, Luiz Ricardo Goulart, Joelma Rodrigues de Souza, Eliton Souto de Medeiros, Paulo Rogério Ferreti Bonan, and Lúcio Roberto Cançado Castellano. "Cytokine Regulation from Human Peripheral Blood Leukocytes Cultured In Vitro with Silver Doped Bioactive Glasses Microparticles." BioMed Research International 2019 (June 11, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3210530.
Bioactive glasses (BG) applications include tissue engineering for bone regeneration, coating for implants, and scaffolds for wound healing. BG can be conjugated to ions like silver, which might add some antimicrobial properties to this biomaterial. The immunomodulatory activity of ion-doped bioactive glasses particles was not investigated before. The aim of this work was to evaluate the cytotoxic and immunomodulatory effect of BG and silver-doped bioactive glass (BGAg) in human peripheral blood cells. BG and BGAg samples belonging to the system 58SiO2•(36-x)CaO·6P2O5·xAg2O, where x = 0 and 1 mol%, respectively, were synthesized via sol–gel method and characterized. Cytotoxicity, modulation of cytokine production (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-4, and IL-10), and oxidative stress response were investigated in human polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) cultures. Cell viability in the presence of BG or BGAg was concentration-dependent. In addition, BGAg presented higher PBMCs toxicity (LC50 = 0.005%) when compared to BG (LC50 = 0.106%). Interestingly, interleukin4 was produced by PBMCs in response to BG and BGAg in absence of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and did not modulate PHA-induced cytokine levels. Subtoxic concentrations (0.031% for BG and 0.0008% for BGAg) did not change other cytokines in PBMCs nor reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by PMN. However, BG and BGAg particles decreased zymosan-induced ROS levels in PMN. Although ion incorporation increased BG cytotoxicity, the bioactive glass particles demonstrated a in vitro anti-inflammatory potencial. Future studies are needed to clarify the scavenger potential of the BG/BGAg particles/scaffolds as well as elucidate the effect of the anti-inflammatory potential in modulating tissue growth in vivo.
Aouji, Samar. "Développement et caractérisation de verres et fibres optiques à base de système BaO - Ga2O3 - GeO2 pour les lasers à fibre dans l'infrarouge moyen." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0066.
Parmi les verres adaptés aux applications dans l'infrarouge moyen, les verres d’oxydes lourds Ga2O3 - GeO2 - BaO (ΒGG) se distinguent par leurs avantages uniques. Ces verres oxydes ont une faible énergie de phonon couplée à une température de transition vitreuse supérieure à 500°C, ainsi que des propriétés mécaniques et une durabilité chimique similaires à celles de la silice. La combinaison harmonieuse de ces propriétés fait du verre BGG un excellent candidat, offrant des performances améliorées par rapport à d'autres familles de verre opérant dans l’infrarouge moyen comme les verres fluorés ou les verres chalcogénures. En optimisant le rapport Ga/Ge pour favoriser les matrices gallates riches en gallium, l'énergie des phonons est encore minimisée et les propriétés mécaniques sont améliorées.Cette thèse aborde les défis actuels dans le développement de fibres optiques robustes et à faible perte fabriquées à partir de verres gallo-germanates (BGe) et de germano-gallates (BGa). L'étude de diverses compositions de verre BGG montre que l'oxyde d’yttrium seul agit comme un « stabilisateur » efficace de la matrice vitreuse, facilitant la production de verres thermiquement stables sans cristallisation pendant l’étape d’étirage. Une analyse de la structure locale du verre montre que l'iintroduction d’oxyde d'yttrium dans les verres germanates et gallo-germanates avec un rapport Ga/Ge compris entre 0.4 et 0.8 favorise la formation de sites de gallium GaO5 et GaO6. Cependant, dans les verres germano-gallates avec un rapport supérieur à 1.5, l’introduction d’oxyde d’yttrium n’impacte pas la coordinence du gallium, les cations de gallium n'existent que sous forme d'unités tétraédriques. Ce phénomène est dû à la présence d'un ratio 2Ba/Ga supérieur à 1.5, qui assure une quantité suffisante de baryum pour compenser la charge négative du gallium. Par conséquent, il suffit de 1 mol% d'yttrium pour stabiliser efficacement la composition du verre et empêcher la cristallisation en surface Among the glasses tailored for mid-infrared applications, heavy metal oxides glass composition Ga2O3 - GeO2 - BaO stand out due to their unique advantages. These oxide glasses have low phonon energy coupled with a glass transition temperature above 500°C, as well as mechanical properties and chemical durability similar to silica. The harmonious combination of these properties positions BGG glass as a superior alternative, offering improved performance compared to other glass families operating in the mid-infrared such as fluoride or chalcogenide. By tuning the Ga/Ge ratio to favour gallium-rich gallate matrices, phonon energy is further minimised while mechanical properties are improved
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Dikeakos, Maria. "Fe-TM-Zr alloys : from glass to big cube crystal." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=38181.
An extensive study of a-FexTM 1-xZr2 with TM = {V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu} was undertaken in order to gain insight into the glassy structure, the metastable "big-cube" structure of the intermediate crystallisation product, and the evolution process involved therein. The stability of the glassy state was examined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Generally higher temperatures and more negative enthalpies of crystallisation were observed for the glass system where Fe was substituted with {Co, Ni, Cu} than for the system where Fe was substituted with {V, Cr, Mn}. A proposed hypothetical crystallisation mechanism involved in the evolution of the metastable cF96 state (instead of the equilibrium tI12 state) was tested. Oxygen impurities present in the amorphous state were shown to be responsible for nucleating the cF96 big cube. Upon removal of the oxygen nucleation sites through hydrogenation of the glasses, the crystallisation proceeded directly to the equilibrium tetragonal structure bypassing the metastable phase. The validity of an assumed invariant structure in late transition-early transition metal (LT-ET) binary glasses was examined by means of Mossbauer spectroscopy. Variations in isomer shift (delta) and quadrupole splitting (Delta) upon TM substitution were consistent with variations in the density of states (DOS) at the Fermi level (EF). An assumed constant structure for (4d ET)-(3d LT) glasses is indeed justified. Variations in atomic packing were followed by measuring Delta. Delta increased as the atomic number of the TM increased. For the a-Fe xCu1-xZr 2 series, a break in the concentration dependence of Delta at x ≈ 0.3 is observed which mirrors the change in crystallisation from cF96 to tI6. Furthermore, comparisons of the glassy, metastable cubic and equilibrium tetragonal Mossbauer spectral data show obvious similarities between the glass and big cube which strongly suggest the existence of a common local (short-range) order between the two
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Lee, Eunji (Jubee). "After the big wind stops I see gentle waves." VCU Scholars Compass, 2018. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5367.
This thesis covers my reflections on the inspirations and the motivations behind selected works including my candidacy exhibition; Resonance and my thesis exhibition; after the big wind stops I see gentle waves. It contains my life throughout my MFA studies and the development of my art practice. Through its story-within-a-story method of narration and my describing streams of my thoughts, I am attempting to explain the processes of my development and the discoveries I have made, the little things in my daily life, and the big turning points that inspired me. My work and this document have been strongly determined by my poetic imagination and the emotional events and experiences I have had.
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Booth, Jessica A. "Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of Bulk Metallic Glass and Bulk Metallic Glass Composite as a Function of Temperature and Loading Conditions." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1396535770.
Bulk metallic glasses represent a newly developed class of materials. Some metallic glasses possess combinations of very good or even excellent mechanical, chemical and/or magnetic properties uncovering a broad range of both industrial and vital applications. Besides all advantages metallic glasses have also significant drawbacks, which have to be overcome for commercial application. Apart from low critical thicknesses, brittleness and chemical inhomogeneity one important problem of metallic glasses is the lack of an appropriate theory describing their structure. Therefore, the search for new glass forming compositions as well as the improving of existing ones occurs at present by means of trial-and-error methods and a number of empirical rules.
Empirical rules for good glass-forming ability of bulk metallic glasses have been established in recent years by Inoue and Egami. Two of these rules, (i) Preference of more than 3 elements and (ii) Need of more than 12 % radii difference of base elements, seem to be closely related to topological (geometrical) criteria. From this point of view topological parameters contribute essentially to the glass-forming ability. The third rule (iii) demands a negative mixing enthalpy of base elements and refers to the chemical interaction of the atoms.
The generalized Bernal’s model (hard-sphere approximation) was used for the simulation of monatomic, binary and multi-component structures. Excluding chemical interaction, this method allows the investigation of topological criteria of the glass-forming ability. Bernal’s hard-sphere model was shown to be a good approximation for bulk metallic glasses and metallic liquids and yields good coincidence of experimental and theoretical results.
• The Laguerre (weighted Voronoi) tessellation technique was used as the main tool for the structural analysis. Due to very complex structures it is impossible to determine the structure of bulk metallic glasses by means of standard crystallographic methods.
• Density, radial distribution function, coordination number and Laguerre polyhedra analysis confirm amorphism of the simulated structures and are in a good agreement with available experimental results.
• The ratio of the fractions of non-crystalline to crystalline Laguerre polyhedra faces was introduced as a new parameter . This parameter reflects the total non-crystallinity of a structure and the amount of atomic rearrangements necessary for crystallization. Thus, the parameter is related to the glass-forming ability. It depends strongly on composition and atomic size ratio and indicates a region of enhanced glass-forming ability in binary mixtures at 80 % of small atoms and atomic size ratio of 1.3. All found maxima of parameter for ternary mixtures have compositions and size ratios which are nearly the same as for the binary mixture with the maximum value of .
• A new method of multiple-compression was introduces in order to test the tendency towards densification and/or crystallization of the simulated mixtures. The results of the multiple-compression of monatomic mixtures indicate a limiting value of about 0.6464 for the density of the amorphous state. Further densification is necessarily connected to formation and growth of nano-crystalline regions.
• The results of the multiple-compression for binary mixtures shows a new maximum of the density at the size ratio of 1.3 and 30 % to 90 % of small atoms. This maximum indicates a local island of stability of the amorphous state. The maximal receivable density without crystallization in this region is enhanced compared to neighbouring regions.
• The comparison of the parameter and the density to the distribution of known binary bulk metallic (metal-metal) glasses clearly shows that both parameters play a significant role in the glass-forming ability.
• The polyhedra analysis shows regions with enhanced fraction of the icosahedral short-range order (polyhedron (0, 0, 12)) in the binary systems with the maximum at 80 % of small atoms and size ratio of 1.3. Comparison of the distribution of the (0, 0, 12) polyhedra to the distribution of known binary metallic (metal-metal) glasses and to the parameter shows that icosahedral short-range order is not related to the glass-forming ability and is a consequence of the high non-crystallinity (high values of ) of the mixtures and non vice versa. Results for the ternary mixtures confirm this observation.
• A new approach for the calculation of the mixing enthalpy is proposed. The new method is based on the combination of Miedema’s semi-empirical model and Laguerre tessellation technique. The new method as well as 6 other methods including the original Miedema’s model were tested for more than 1400 ternary and quaternary alloys. The results show a better agreement with experimental values of the mixing enthalpy for the new model compared to all other methods. The new model takes into account the local structure at atom site and can be applied to all metallic alloys without additional extrapolations if the atomic structure of the considered alloy is known from a suitable atomistic structure model.
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Singh, Bhupender. "Modeling, design, fabrication and reliability characterization of ultra-thin glass BGA package-to-board interconnections." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/55031.
Recent trends to miniaturized systems such as smartphones and wearables, as well as the rise of autonomous vehicles relying on all-electric and smart in-car systems, have brought unprecedented needs for superior performance, functionality, and cost requirements. Transistor scaling alone cannot meet these metrics unless the remaining system components such as substrates and interconnections are scaled down to bridge the gap between transistor and system scaling. In this regard, 3D glass system packages have emerged as a promising alternative due to their ultra-short system interconnection lengths, higher component densities and system reliability enabled by the tailorable coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), high dimensional stability and surface smoothness, outstanding electrical properties and low-cost panel-level processability of glass. The research objectives are to demonstrate board-level reliability of large, thin, glass packages directly mounted on PCB with conventional BGAs at pitches of 400µm SMT and smaller. Two key innovations are introduced to accomplish the objectives: a.) Reworkable circumferential polymer collars providing strain-relief at critical high stress concentration areas in the solder joints, b.) novel Mn-doped SACMTM solder to provide superior drop test performance without degrading thermomechanical reliability. Modeling, package and board design, fabrication and reliability characterization were carried out to demonstrate reliable board-level interconnections of large, ultra-thin glass packages. Finite-element modeling (FEM) was used to investigate the effectiveness of circumferential polymer collars as a strain-relief solution on fatigue performance. Experimental results with polymer collars indicated a 2X improvement in drop performance and 30% improvement in fatigue life. Failure analysis was performed using characterization techniques such as confocal surface acoustic microscopy (C-SAM), optical microscopy, X-ray imaging, and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM/EDS). Model-to-experiment correlation was performed to validate the effectiveness of polymer collars as a strain-relief mechanism. Enhancement in board-level reliability performance with advances in solder materials based on Mn-doped SACMTM is demonstrated in the last part of the thesis.The studies, thus, demonstrate material, design and process innovations for package-to-board interconnection reliability with ultra-thin, large glass packages.
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Nordin, Norhuda Hidayah. "Phase transformation in High Entropy Bulk Metallic Glass (HE-BMG) and Lamellar Structured-High Entropy Alloy (HEA)." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/21325/.
An investigation into the phase transformation of metastable alloys such as high entropy alloys (HEAs) and high entropy bulk metallic glasses (HE-BMGs) was performed. Bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) and HEAs were known to have a metastable phase at high temperature, while HEAs was reported to have a sluggish diffusion at high temperature. Besides, the drawback of many single phase HEAs is that they are mechanically unstable due to the presence of single phase either body centred cubic (BCC) or face centred cubic (FCC) structures. Here, a systematic study on the crystal structure, physical and mechanical properties of TiZrHfNiCu HE-BMG and FeCoNi(BxAl1-x)0.1Si0.1 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) lamellar structured HEA were explored. It was revealed that, a phase transformation occurred in HE-BMG in isothermal and non-isothermal conditions, yet the nucleation and growth behaviour was relatively slow at high temperature compared to most Zr-based amorphous alloys. This phenomenon was proven by the attained data of activation energy and crystallisation mechanism which reflect the crystallisation resistance of the alloy. The addition of boron as a substitution of aluminium in FeCoNi(BxAl1-x)0.1Si0.1 alloy changed the phase formation, phase stability, morphology characteristics and mechanical properties of the alloy. The unique lamellar herringbone-like structure was formed with increasing boron content and led to improvement of mechanical properties of the alloy such as the hardness from B0.4 to B1.0. Lamellar structured-HEA was designed to obtain a balance in strength and ductility for FeCoNi(Bx Al1-x)0.1Si0.1 HEA where it can be tailored by modifying the boron content. The optimum balance of strength (1550 MPa) and ductility (19%) was attained at 0.5 at% boron content.
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Menezes, Gary. "Modeling, design, fabrication and characterization of glass package-to-PCB interconnections." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51781.
Emerging I/O density and bandwidth requirements are driving packages to low-CTE silicon, glass and organic substrates for higher wiring density and reliability of interconnections and Cu-low k dielectrics. These are needed for high performance applications as 2.5D packages in large-size, and also as ultra-thin packages for consumer applications that are directly assembled on the board without the need for an intermediate package.
The trend to low-CTE packages (CTE of 3-8ppm/°C), however, creates large CTE mismatch with the board on which they are assembled. Interconnection reliability is, therefore, a major concern when low CTE interposers are surface mounted onto organic system boards via solder joints. This reliability concern is further aggravated with large package sizes and finer pitch. For wide acceptance of low CTE packages in high volume production, it is also critical to assemble them on board using standard Surface Mount Technologies (SMT) without the need for under-fill. This research aims to demonstrate reliable 400 micron pitch solder interconnections from low CTE glass interposers directly assembled onto organic boards by overcoming the above challenges using two approaches; 1) Stress-relief dielectric build up layers on the back of the interposer, 2) Polymer collar around the solder bumps for shear stress re-distribution. A comprehensive methodology based on modeling, design, test vehicle fabrication and characterization is employed to study and demonstrate the efficacy of these approaches in meeting the interposer-to-board interconnection requirements. The effect of varying geometrical and material properties of both build-up layers and polymer collar is studied through Finite Element Modeling. Interposers were designed and fabricated with the proposed approaches to demonstrate process feasibility.
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Kyser, Diana. "THROUGH THE LOOKING GLASS: COMPANY CULTURE AS A REFLECTION OF FOUNDER PERSONALITY IN ENTREPRENEURIAL ORGANIZATIONS." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2017. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/436065.
Business Administration/Entrepreneurship Ph.D. This dissertation explores the connection between founder personality and organizational culture in founder-led entrepreneurial companies. With a focus on how founder personality affects culture, it draws from the literature in upper echelon/top management teams, family business and organizational psychology – notably the Attraction-Selection-Attrition (ASA: Schneider, 1987) and Person-Organization fit (P-O: O'Reilly, Chatman, & Caldwell, 1991) theories. Using a combination of ethnographic, psychological and organizational data from the founders and employees of four small firms from multiple industries, and a broader survey study of 336 respondents from 23 firms, it finds support for O’Reilly et al., (2014)’s CEO Personality-Culture link in the small-company setting. It also validates two new findings: 1) that employee personality traits can trump founder personality as an influence on culture, and 2) that founder involvement can moderate the impact of founder personality on culture. The dissertation concludes with plans for further research into the personality-organizational culture effects and thoughts about the applicability of these results for founders and consultants. Temple University--Theses
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Alfaysal, Rami, and Emma Andersson. "The diffusion of Gender Policy in Accounting firms : the role of company structure and size." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Handelshögskolan (from 2013), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-71829.
Women have a few managerial positions compared to men in audit and accounting firms. It said that large companies have intentions to increase the number of women accountants in managerial positions. The study is investigating the implementation of gender policies and diversity in auditing firm with a specific focus on how company size may impact how organizations come to work with issues of gender and diversity. A qualitative method has been implemented in this study, by conducting 17 semi-structured interviews with women auditors and accountants, working in 4 large firms and 5 small firms in Sweden. The study shows that the policies of the large companies are not fully implemented. While setting policies for small firms will just help women auditors/accountants to improve their career education.
Day, Shirley. Dai yan jing de Luna: Luna and the big blur : a story for children who wear glasses / Shirley Day ; Don Morris. 8th ed. Beijing Shi: Hua xue gong ye chu ban she, 2013.
Malani, Nalini. Nalini Malani: You can't keep acid in a paper bag, 1969-2014. Edited by Betting Lotte editor, Bhatt Saumya editor, Pijnappel Johan editor, Karode Roobina curator, and Kiran Nadar Museum of Art (Noida, India). New Delhi: Kiran Nadar Museum of Art, 2015.
Jayalakshmi, S., and M. Gupta. "Amorphous Alloys/Bulk Metallic Glasses (BMG)." In SpringerBriefs in Materials, 59–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15016-1_3.
Seifried, Todd J., Christopher J. Hoyle, and Douglas H. Davis. "How Big is My Carbon Footprint?" In 70th Conference on Glass Problems: Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings, Volume 31, Issue 1, 51–65. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470769843.ch6.
Saotome, Yasunori, Suguru Okaniwa, Hisamichi Kimura, and Akihisa Inoue. "Superplastic Nanoforging of Pt-Based Metallic Glass with Dies of Zr-BMG and Glassy Carbon Fabricated by Focused Ion Beam." In THERMEC 2006, 2088–93. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-428-6.2088.
Pimple, Kshitij U., and Nilima M. Dongre. "Preserving and Scrambling of Health Records with Multiple Owner Access Using Enhanced Break-Glass Algorithm." In Computer Networks, Big Data and IoT, 483–95. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0965-7_38.
Jayalakshmi, S., and M. Gupta. "Light Metal Matrix Composites with Amorphous Alloys/Bulk Metallic Glass Reinforcements (BMG)." In SpringerBriefs in Materials, 85–106. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15016-1_4.
Marschall, Laurence A. "Big Glass on a Silicon Chip: The CLEA Project in the 21st Century." In Astrophysics and Space Science Library, 125–38. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0253-0_12.
Guthrie, Roderick I. L., Mihaiela Isac, Donghui Li, and Luis Calzado. "Horizontal Single Belt Casting (HSBC) of Ca-Based Bulk Metallic Glass (BMG) Strips." In Celebrating the Megascale, 105–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48234-7_8.
Guthrie, Roderick I. L., Mihaiela Isac, Donghui Li, and Luis Calzado. "Horizontal Single Belt Casting (Hsbc) of Ca-Based Bulk Metallic Glass (Bmg) Strips." In Celebrating the Megascale, 105–17. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118889657.ch8.
Oliveira, Maria Alexandra, Luís Guimarães, and José Luís Borges. "Understanding Production Process Productivity in the Glass Container Industry: A Big Data Approach." In Machine Learning, Optimization, and Data Science, 227–32. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64583-0_21.
Li, Jinlong, Jinde Li, and Kejing Chen. "Study on Chemical Composition Subdivision of Glass Relics Based on Random Forest." In Proceedings of the 2023 4th International Conference on Big Data and Informatization Education (ICBDIE 2023), 647–53. Dordrecht: Atlantis Press International BV, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-238-5_85.
Le Camus, Arthus, Jean-Philippe Bérubé, Sandra H. Messaddeq, Yannick G. Petit, Younès Messaddeq, Lionel Canioni, and Réal Vallée. "Femtosecond laser direct inscription of mid-IR transmitting waveguides in BGG glasses (Conference Presentation)." In Frontiers in Ultrafast Optics: Biomedical, Scientific, and Industrial Applications XVIII, edited by Peter R. Herman, Michel Meunier, and Roberto Osellame. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2290789.
Wang, W., C. Zhang, and L. Liu. "Large Size Fe-Based Bulk Metallic Glass Composite Prepared by Additive Manufacturing via HVOF Thermal Spraying." In ITSC2017, edited by A. Agarwal, G. Bolelli, A. Concustell, Y. C. Lau, A. McDonald, F. L. Toma, E. Turunen, and C. A. Widener. DVS Media GmbH, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2017p0729.
Abstract Bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) are a novel class of metallic materials with disordering atomic structure and excellent mechanical and chemical properties, and are promising for various industry applications. BMGs are usually fabricated by copper-mould casting due to the requirement of fast cooling rate for the obtainment of amorphous structure. However, this casting approach has the limitation for preparation of large size samples (the biggest Fe-based BMG obtained so far is less than 16 mm diameter). In this work, the conventional high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) thermal spraying technique was utilized as a novel additive manufacturing route to create large size Fe-based BMGs and BMG composites. It will be reported that a large size of 20x20x20mm BMG (Fe48Mo14Cr15Y2C15B6 (at%) ) and big plate of 100×100×5 mm of Fe-based BMG composites reinforced with 50vol% 316L stainless steel powders was successfully prepared by HVOF thermal spraying. Both BMG and BMG composite showed very dense structure (porosity less than 0.4% ) and good mechanical properties, Especially, BMG composite reinforced with 316 L stainless steel exhibited a yield strength of 1.8 GPa and compressive plastic strain of 2%. More importantly, this Fe-based BMG composite exhibited good toughness of KJ=21 MPa m1/2, which is almost 4-times higher than that of as-cast BMG. This present work indicates that HVOF thermal spray can become a versatile technique for preparation of large size of bulk metallic glasses and composites with desired properties.
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Namba, Y., and M. Shiokawa. "Surface Roughness Generation Mechanism of Ultraprecision Grinding with Cup-Typed Resinoid-Bonded Diamond Wheels." In Optical Fabrication and Testing. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oft.1996.ofa.2.
The ultraprecision surface grinder1) having a glass-ceramic spindle of extremely-low thermal expansion has been developed, and very smooth surfaces better than conventional optically-polished surfaces can be obtained2) on various optical materials by cup-typed resinoid-bonded diamond wheels and the ultraprecision surface grinder. There are 3 grinding modes in grinding of optical glasses, such as the fracture mode, ductile & fracture mode and ductile mode3). The ductile mode grinding of NbF1 optical glass can be obtained by using a resinoid-bonded wheel having diamond grains less than 20 μm in grain size. There is no micro-crack observed under the surface ground in the ductile mode. The ground surface roughness less than 0.2nm rms or 2nm Rmax has been obtained on BSC7(BK7) glass sample with a SD3000-75-B wheel. So, there is big possibility of actualization that optical glasses will be finished into optical components by the ultraprecision grinding without polishing.
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Bayya, Shyam S., Joshua A. Wojcik, Jasbinder S. Sanghera, and Ishwar D. Aggarwal. "VIS-IR transmitting BGG glass and glass-ceramics." In International Symposium on Optical Science and Technology, edited by Alexander J. Marker III and Eugene G. Arthurs. SPIE, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.405282.
Bayya, Shyam S., Joshua A. Wojcik, Jasbinder S. Sanghera, Ishwar D. Aggarwal, and Joel Askinazi. "VIS-IR transmitting BGG glass and glass-ceramics." In Aerospace/Defense Sensing, Simulation, and Controls, edited by Randal W. Tustison. SPIE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.439194.
Ramachandran, S., and S. G. Bishop. "Rapid Thermal Annealing of Chalcogenide glasses for Photodarkened Waveguide and Grating Applications." In Bragg Gratings, Photosensitivity, and Poling in Glass Fibers and Waveguides. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/bgppf.1997.bmg.3.
Optical elements for applications in communications and interconnections such as waveguides and grating devices can be patterned in chalcogenide glasses by illumination with above band gap light, which causes photodarkening1. Photodarkening is a photo-induced red shift of the optical absorption edge and is accompanied by an increase in the index of refraction in the transparent spectral range below the absorption edge. A configurational model2 describes photodarkening as an illumination induced transformation from a stable configuration to a quasi-stable configuration via an electronically excited state. Annealing close to the glass transition temperature (Tg) causes a direct structural relaxation from the quasi-stable to stable state.
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Bayya, Shyam S., Geoff D. Chin, Jasbinder S. Sanghera, and Ishwar D. Aggarwal. "VIS-IR transmitting BGG glass windows." In AeroSense 2003, edited by Randal W. Tustison. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.487723.
Imai, Hiroaki, Suguru Horinouchi, Naoko Asakuma, Kazuhiro Fukao, Daizaburo Matsuki, Hiroshi Hiroshima, and Keisuke Sasaki. "Effects of doping of H2O and Na on second-order nonlinearity in poled silica glass." In Bragg Gratings, Photosensitivity, and Poling in Glass Fibers and Waveguides. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/bgppf.1997.bmg.6.
Large second-order nonlinearity was reported to be induced in the near-surface region of commercial fused silica1 and in the whole region of sol-gel derived silica glass2 by thermal poling. The origin of the nonlinearity was suggested to be diffusion of Na+ for the former and OH groups for the later. To control the nonlinearity of silica glass and clarify the effects of the impurities, we investigated second harmonic generation (SHG) from silica glass doped with H2O and Na.
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Fernandez, Alberto, Ruben Casado, and Ruben Usamentiaga. "A Real-Time Big Data Architecture for Glasses Detection Using Computer Vision Techniques." In 2015 3rd International Conference on Future Internet of Things and Cloud (FiCloud). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ficloud.2015.78.
Chen Roy, Ting, Kamel Bennaceur, Daniel Markel, Leonard Harp, Casey Harrison, James Shelton, Aaron Hall, et al. "Liners with Bulk Metallic Glass/High Entropy Alloy, Degradable in Formation Fluids for a Skin Free, Clear, Perforating Tunnel, Enabling Enhanced Reservoir Connectivity." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205902-ms.
Abstract A shaped charge for wellbore perforation includes a solid metal or powder liner pressed onto a case, sandwiching high explosives which may have varying thermal stability, dictated by the expected time of exposure and bottom hole temperature (BHT). It is common knowledge that post detonation, the liner-jet punctures the gun body and casing, continuing forward to perforate the formation until its eventual collapse. The jet debris is deposited on the crushed zone forming an impermeable skin and a slug at the end of the perforation-tunnel. This reduces fracture conductivity, and thus, production. Here we present a game changing innovation, the development of a shaped charge with a novel responsive liner. The jet created from our novel degradable liner, post detonation punctures the casing and progress to penetrate the formation until an eventual collapse. However, this system is designed so that, during detonation, a water disintegrable reaction product, bulk metallic glasses (BMG) and/or high entropy alloys (HEA), are formed. These degradable BMG/HEA or complexions decorate the grain boundaries and domain interfaces of the impermeable skin lining the crushed zone of the perforation tunnel as amorphous intergranular films (AIFs) and plug at end of the pathway. Interacting with flowback fluids the BMG/HEA promotes grain dropping, disintegrating the liner and carrot leaving behind a clean perforation tunnel, improving fracture conductivity thus enhanced productivity. In addition, a clear perf tunnel has zero skin value. As such, compared to a coated tunnel with gun and charge debris, it needs little or no acid to clean-up. This results in a demarked reduction of formation breakdown pressures with improved economics for the client. Last but not least this leads to cost reduction of authorized field expenditure (AFE) to support optimized performance of completion design allowing for increased production. CLEAR shaped charges have been qualified to customer specifications in field conditions and are ready to be commercialized. An extension of this technology is being applied to design charges for "Big-Hole" perforations, for the Plug and Abandonment (P&A) market where an effective cement squeeze, anchoring a plug effectively seals the wellbore, preventing the leakage of residual hydrocarbon and associated contamination and emissions.
Звіти організацій з теми "BGG glasses":
1
Author, Not Given. Accelerating High-Level Waste Glass Corrosion Research with Big Data. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1469277.
