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Статті в журналах з теми "Automobiles Speed Mathematical models"

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Katanaev, N. T., A. V. Lepeshkin, and A. F. Kolbasov. "Simulation of engine speed performance characteristics." Izvestiya MGTU MAMI 10, no. 1 (March 15, 2016): 28–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/2074-0530-66920.

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Анотація:
The paper gives an overview of mathematical descriptions of engine speed performance characteristics that are needed when simulation of “engine-automobile-driver-environment” systems. The analysis of models based on different classes of functions is given; its advantages and disadvantages are discussed. The regression model based on the use of functions closely related to the physics of investigated processes is proposed.
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Paliulis, Dainius. "Evaluation of Zinc Accumulation in Moss (Pylaisia polyantha) Growing Near Intensive Traffic Street Based on Modelling and Experimental Data." Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska 23 (2021): 198–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.54740/ros.2021.013.

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Pylaisia polyantha moss growing near intensive traffic in Geležinis Vilkas street at Vingis Park (Vilnius) was selected as an indicator of environmental pollution. Two models were applied for the study: the Gaussian plume model – for zinc emission from automobiles calculation and mathematical model – for recalculating the zinc emission from transport to zinc concentration in moss. Moss samples were collected during spring, summer and autumn. There were no significant changes in Zn concentrations between these periods. Zn emission dispersion from pollution source was calculated only for one vehicle, in order to reach relationships between environmental conditions and dispersion of Zn emission from vehicle exhaust fumes pipe. It was detected that the concentration of Zn tends to decrease with the distance from the pollution source. It was observed that there was a strong relationship between wind speed and Zn concentration – the slower the wind speed, the higher concentration of zinc in moss.
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Satynarayana, Kosaraju, Are Swathi, Kesari Neeraja, Madipali Samaikhya, and Kumkuma Rajkiran. "Taguchi Optimisation In Machining EN18 Using Coated Tool Under Dry and MQL Condition." E3S Web of Conferences 184 (2020): 01013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202018401013.

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Turning is one of the initial basic machining operation that prevails in assembly and production process. Modern techniques have been practices in rapid and eco-friendly production systems. Present study deals with the investigation of turning process on EN 18 steel which is been shown its existence in automobiles industries. Turning operation was performed using a coated tool insert with varying cutting speed (100, 125 and 150 mm/min), feed rate (0.05, 0.5, 0.15 mm/rev) and depth of cut (0.4, 0.8, 1.2 mm) at both dry and MQL conditions. The results obtained was compared to optimize the effect of minimum quality lubrication on surface roughness. Experimentally it was observed that speed of 100 m/min with combination of feed of 0.05 mm/rev and 0.4 mm depth of cut was found to be optimized for surface roughness in both the cases. The mathematical model generated for surface roughness and MRR for both dry and MQL turning models having better regression fit as it closer to 100. From ANOVA analysis feed was proved to be the highest contributing factor for surface roughness and for MRR speed is the most significant factor for both dry and MQL turning
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Danilevičius, Algimantas, and Raimundas Junevičius. "VEHICLES' SAMPLE GENERATION AND REALIZATION IN CAR-FOLLOWING MATHEMATICAL MODELS / AUTOMOBILIŲ IMTIES GENERAVIMAS BEI REALIZAVIMAS SEKIMO PASKUI LYDERĮ MATEMATINIUOSE MODELIUOSE." Mokslas – Lietuvos ateitis 7, no. 5 (February 2, 2016): 564–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2015.820.

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The object of the article is the adjustment of car-following mathematical models according to collected traffic data. Here the problem of ineffectively burdened road section is solved by adjusting the speed of vehicles in order to reduce the distance between the cars to a safe distance. The paper analyzes the car-following models to measure the interaction between vehicles in the same lane. Experimental data processed in Matlab and traffic distribution histograms are created using the most appropriate distribution curve. Distribution curve is used to compile congestion scenario of road section. Applicable model uses fundamental diagrams, which are created from the kind of traffic flow measurements. The mathematical model allows to choose the optimal vehicle speed while maintaining safe distance between vehicles, and to make recommendations to improve the traffic as the process. Straipsnio tyrimo objektas yra sukauptų automobilių srauto duomenų pritaikymas sekimo paskui lyderį matematiniuose modeliuose. Čia sprendžiama neefektyviai apkrautos kelio atkarpos problema. Siekiama sumažinti atstumą tarp automobilių iki saugaus atstumo, koreguojant automobilių greitį. Straipsnyje nagrinėjami sekimo paskui lyderį modeliai, pagal kuriuos įvertinama sąveika tarp toje pačioje eismo juostoje esančių transporto priemonių. Eksperimentiniai duomenys apdorojami taikant Matlab, sudaromos transporto srauto pasiskirstymo histogramos bei parenkama tinkamiausia skirstinio kreivė. Eksperimentinė skirstinio kreivė naudojama sudarant kelio atkarpos apkrovimo scenarijų – nustatoma modeliuojamos kelio atkarpos intensyvumo ir atstumų tarp transporto priemonių priklausomybė nuo laiko. Taikomame modelyje naudojamos fundamentalios diagramos, sudaromos pagal natūrinius eismo srauto matavimus. Matematinis modelis leidžia parinkti optimalų transporto priemonės greitį išlaikant saugų atstumą tarp transporto priemonių, taip pat juo remiantis galima teikti rekomendacijas, kaip gerinti automobilių eismą.
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Zeng, Cheng, Dong Bo Yang, Li Liu, and Feng Tian Cai. "Modeling and Simulation Research on the Effect of Driving Skills on Vehicle Fuel Efficiency." Advanced Materials Research 512-515 (May 2012): 1167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.512-515.1167.

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The research and application of eco-driving has the important practical significance for the energy conservation and emission reduction of automobile industry. In this paper, a simulation model has been set up based on GT-Suite and mathematical models of driving operations to simulate three typical driving operations. The results show that the acceleration speed plays important role in the acceleration operation. As the acceleration speed increases, fuel economy significantly deteriorates. In the transmission operation, the engine should not be operated in the high speed region. Otherwise, the fuel economy would deteriorate. In the cruise operation, the gear should be selected to matching the speed. High-gear low speed operation will cause safety problems, while low-gear high-speed operation will cause significantly deterioration of fuel economy.
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Ilyanov, S. V., N. A. Kuzmin, and G. V. Borisov. "EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS OF FUEL CONSUMPTIONS CONSIDERING THE SPEEDS OF CITY BUSES." Intelligence. Innovations. Investment, no. 3 (2021): 72–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.25198/2077-7175-2021-3-72.

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At the moment, there is a large number of dissertations and scientific works covering the issues of traction-speed and fuel-economic characteristics of vehicles, the results of which are presented in the form of: regression models, approximating dependencies, mathematical models based on multivariate analysis, including a number of additional coefficients. In this connection, the use of the results of these works in practice is limited, since it requires high qualifications of the МTЕ personnel and the use of special software and hardware. At the same time, at the department “Automobile transport” NSTU named after R. E. Alekseev developed a probabilistic-analytical method for predicting fuel consumption by road trains, considering the high-speed mode of movement, which shows a high convergence of results with actual average speeds only for uniform movement of buses with a constant average speed, which is not applicable to the assessment of fuel consumption of city buses. Based on the hypothesis put forward on the applicability of the Weibull-Gnedenko distribution for calculating the average speeds of city buses and the normal distribution for calculating accelerations during movement, the tasks of this study are formulated, expressed in the development of mathematical models reflecting the dependences of speeds and accelerations during bus movement in urban operating conditions, for planning their fuel consumption. To solve the set tasks, the following experimental studies were carried out: determination of the average coefficient of total road resistance; the actual distribution of speeds and accelerations when driving city buses; determination of the average actual value of fuel consumption when the bus is moving and when idle at stopping points. Based on the results of processing experimental studies, the possibility of using the Weibull-Gnedenko law to describe the actual speeds in urban conditions and the normal law to describe accelerations when driving city buses was confirmed, which allows planning fuel consumption using the analytical apparatus of the theory of probability and mathematical statistics and using the developed methodology in practice of motor transport enterprises. Based on experimental studies and theoretical studies in this area, an analytical method for planning fuel consumption for city buses, considering the speed of their movement, has been developed, which allows planning fuel consumption without additional experiments. Carrying out such studies for other types of motor vehicles and assessing unaccounted for indicators of road, transport and natural-climatic operating conditions will create a generalized analytical method for planning fuel consumption by vehicles in various operating conditions.
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Lee, Chih-Wei, Feng Tao, Yu-Yu Ma, and Hung-Lung Lin. "Development of Patent Technology Prediction Model Based on Machine Learning." Axioms 11, no. 6 (May 26, 2022): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/axioms11060253.

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Intellectual property rights have a great impact on the development of the automobile industry. Issues related to the timeliness of patent applications often arise, such as the inability of firms to predict new technologies and patents developed by peers. To find the proper direction of product development, the R&D departments of enterprises need to accurately predict the technology trends. Machine learning adopts calculation through a large amount of data through mathematical models and methods and finds the best solution at the fastest speed through repeated simulation and experiments, to provide decision makers with a reference basis. Therefore, this paper provides accurate forecasts through established models. In terms of the significance of management, the planning of future enterprise strategy can be divided into three stages as a short-term plan of 1–3 years, a medium-term plan of 3–5 years, and a long-term plan of 5–10 years. This study will give appropriate suggestions for the development of automobile industry technology.
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Ibrar, A., S. Ahmad, A. Safdar, and N. Haroon. "Efficiency enhancement strategy implementation in hybrid electric vehicles using sliding mode control." Electrical Engineering & Electromechanics, no. 1 (January 4, 2023): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2074-272x.2023.1.02.

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Introduction. Hybrid electric vehicles are offering the most economically viable choices in today's automotive industry, providing best solutions for a very high fuel economy and low rate of emissions. The rapid progress and development of this industry has prompted progress of human beings from primitive level to a very high industrial society where mobility used to be a fundamental need. However, the use of large number of automobiles is causing serious damage to our environment and human life. At present most of the vehicles are relying on burning of hydrocarbons in order to achieve power of propulsion to drive wheels. Therefore, there is a need to employ clean and efficient vehicles like hybrid electric vehicles. Unfortunately, earlier control strategies of series hybrid electric vehicle fail to include load disturbances during the vehicle operation and some of the variations of the nonlinear parameters (e.g. stator’s leakage inductance, resistance of winding etc.). The novelty of the proposed work is based on designing and implementing two robust sliding mode controllers (SMCs) on series hybrid electric vehicle to improve efficiency in terms of both speed and torque respectively. The basic idea is to let the engine operate only when necessary keeping in view the state of charge of battery. Purpose. In proposed scheme, both performance of engine and generator is being controlled, one sliding mode controllers is controlling engine speed and the other one is controlling generator torque, and results are then compared using 1-SMC and 2-SMC’s. Method. The series hybrid electric vehicle powertrain considered in this work consists of a battery bank and an engine-generator set which is referred to as the auxiliary power unit, traction motor, and power electronic circuits to drive the generator and traction motor. The general strategy is based on the operation of the engine in its optimal efficiency region by considering the battery state of charge. Results .Mathematical models of engine and generator were taken into consideration in order to design sliding mode controllers both for engine speed and generator torque control. Vehicle was being tested on standard cycle. Results proved that, instead of using only one controller for engine speed, much better results are achieved by simultaneously using two sliding mode controllers, one controlling engine speed and other controlling generator torque.
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Shodiev, J., and M. Azimov. "Mathematical modeling of truck movement in rough road conditions of agricultural area." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1076, no. 1 (August 1, 2022): 012003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1076/1/012003.

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Abstract The article presents the methods of modeling the horizontal and vertical movement of a small truck Labo. Using the Lagrange equation of the second type, mathematical models of the movement of a small truck Labo on uneven roads developed. The mathematical models developed by the Runge-Kutta-number method solved and the values of the horizontal and vertical oscillations, speeds of movement and the forces acting and acting on each wheel of the automobile found. On the given masses, the parameters of the automobile’s leaf springs and the depreciation part are determined.
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J, Santhakumar, and Mohammed Iqbal U. "Parametric Optimization of Trochoidal Step on Surface Roughness and Dish Angle in End Milling of AISID3 Steel Using Precise Measurements." Materials 12, no. 8 (April 24, 2019): 1335. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12081335.

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Tool steel play a vital role in modern manufacturing industries due to its excellent properties. AISI D3 is a cold work tool steel which possess high strength, more hardenability and good wear resistance properties. It has a wide variety of applications in automobile and tool and die making industries such as blanking and forming tools, high stressed cutting, deep drawing and press tools. The novel ways of machining these steels and finding out the optimum process parameters to yield good output is of practical importance in the field of research. This research work explores an attempt to identify the optimized process parameter combinations in end milling of AISI D3 steel to yield low surface roughness and maximum dish angle using trochoidal milling tool path, which is considered as a novelty in this study. 20 experimental trials based on face centered central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) were executed by varying the input process factors such as cutting speed, feed rate and trochoidal step. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was adopted to study the significance of selected process parameters and its relative interactions on the performance measures. Desirability-based multiple objective optimization was performed and the mathematical models were developed for prediction purposes. The developed mathematical model was statistically significant with optimum conditions of cutting speed of 41m/min, feed rate of 120 mm/min and trochoidal step of 0.9 mm. It was also found that the deviation between the experimental and predicted values is 6.10% for surface roughness and 1.33% for dish angle, respectively.
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Дисертації з теми "Automobiles Speed Mathematical models"

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Tchikanda, Serge William. "Modeling for high-speed high-strength precision optical fiber drawing." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/20051.

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Hudson, Dominic A. "A validation study on mathematical models of speed and frequency dependence in seakeeping of high speed craft." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.299687.

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Ye, Qing, and 叶青. "Short-term traffic speed forecasting based on data recorded at irregular intervals." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B47250732.

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Efficient and comprehensive forecasting of information is of great importance to traffic management. Three types of forecasting methods based on irregularly spaced data—for situations when traffic detectors cannot be installed to generate regularly spaced data on all roads—are studied in this thesis, namely, the single segment forecasting method, multi-segment forecasting method and model-based forecasting method. The proposed models were tested using Global Positioning System (GPS) data from 400 Hong Kong taxis collected within a 2-kilometer section on Princess Margaret Road and Hong Chong Road, approaching the Cross Harbour Tunnel. The speed limit for the road is 70 km/h. It has flyovers and ramps, with a small number of merges and diverges. There is no signalized intersection along this road section. A total of 14 weeks of data were collected, in which the first 12 weeks of data were used to calibrate the models and the last two weeks of data were used for validation. The single-segment forecasting method for irregularly spaced data uses a neural network to aggregate the predicted speeds from the naive method, simple exponential smoothing method and Holt’s method, with explicit consideration of acceleration information. The proposed method shows a great improvement in accuracy compared with using the individual forecasting method separately. The acceleration information, which is viewed as an indicator of the phase-transition effect, is considered to be the main contribution to the improvement. The multi-segment forecasting method aggregates not only the information from the current forecasting segment, but also from adjacent segments. It adopts the same sub-methods as the single-segment forecasting method. The forecasting results from adjacent segments help to describe the phase-transition effect, so that the forecasting results from the multi-segment forecasting method are more accurate than those that are obtained from the single segment forecasting method. For one-second forecasting length, the correlation coefficient between the forecasts from the multi-segment forecasting method and observations is 0.9435, which implies a good consistency between the forecasts and observations. While the first two methods are based on pure data fitting techniques, the third method is based on traffic models and is called the model-based forecasting method. Although the accuracy of the one-second forecasting length of the model-based method lies between those of the single-segment and multi-segment forecasting methods, its accuracy outperforms the other two for longer forecasting steps, which offers a higher potential for practical applications.
published_or_final_version
Civil Engineering
Master
Master of Philosophy
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Watson, Cody. "Modeling of pressure transients in fuel injection lines." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16869.

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Roberts, Craig Arnold. "Modeling the relationships between microscopic and macroscopic travel activity on freeways : bridging the gap between current travel demand models and emerging mobile emission models." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/32873.

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Page, Karen Mary. "Mathematical models in embryology : the selection, regulation and speed of formation of patterns." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302119.

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Pratikakis, Nikolaos. "Mathematical modeling of rail gun." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2006. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/06Sep%5FPratikakis.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Mechanical Engineering)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2006.
Thesis Advisor(s): Kwon Young. "September 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-78). Also available in print.
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Na, Xiaoxiang. "Game theoretical modelling of a driver's interaction with active steering." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708392.

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Uzelac, Lawrence Stevan. "A Multiple Coupled Microstrip Transmission Line Model for High-Speed VLSI Interconnect Simulation." PDXScholar, 1991. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4526.

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A model is presented which incorporates the advantages of a mixed mode simulation to characterize transmission line behavior in multiple coupled Transmission line systems. The model is intended for use by digital circuit designers who wish to be able to obtain accurate transmission line behavior for complex digital systems for which continuous time simulation tools such as SPICE would time prohibitive. The model uses a transverse electromagnetic wave approximation to obtain solutions to the basic transmission line equations. A modal analysis technique is used to solve for the attenuation and propagation constants for the transmission lines. Modal analysis done in the frequency domain after a Fast Fourier Transform of the time-domain input signals. Boundary conditions are obtained from the Thevinized transmission line input equivalent circuit and the transmission line output load impedance. The model uses a unique solution queue system that allows n-line coupled transmission lines to be solved without resorting to large order matrix methods or the need to diagonals larger matrices using linear transformations. This solution queue system is based on the method of solution superposition. As a result, the CPU time required for the model is primarily a function of the number of transitions and not the number of lines modeled. Incorporation of the model into event driven circuit simulators such as Network C is discussed. It will be shown that the solution queue methods used in this model make it ideally suited for incorporation into a event-driven simulation network. The model presented in this thesis can be scaled to incorporate direct electromagnetic coupling between first, second, or third lines adjacent to the line transitioning. It is shown that modeling strictly adjacent line coupling is adequate for typical digital technologies. It is shown that the model accurately reproduces the transmission line behavior of systems modeled by previous authors. Example transitions on a 8-line system are reviewed. Finally, future model improvements are discussed.
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Lim, Teck-Bin. "A unified computational fluid dynamics-aeroacoustics analysis of high speed propeller." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/12064.

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Книги з теми "Automobiles Speed Mathematical models"

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Schoepflin, Todd Nelson. Algorithms for estimating mean vehicle speed using uncalibrated traffic management cameras. [Olympia, Wash.]: Washington State Dept. of Transportation, 2003.

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Rappaport, Jordan. Is the speed of convergence constant? Kansas City [Mo.]: Research Division, Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, 2000.

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Gaver, Donald Paul. A comparison of predictors for first-guess wind speed errors. Monterey, Calif: Naval Postgraduate School, 1993.

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4

1949-, Bonnet Jean-Paul, and ScienceDirect (Online service), eds. Compressibility, turbulence and high speed flow. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2009.

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5

Rivers, R. W. Speed analysis for traffic accident investigation. 2nd ed. Jacksonville, Fla: Institute of Police Technology and Management, University of North Florida, 1997.

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Meade, David. Pinewood Derby speed secrets. East Petersburg, PA: Fox Chapel Pub., 2006.

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7

ill, Thorne Troy, and Boy Scouts of America, eds. Pinewood Derby speed secrets. East Petersburg, PA: Fox Chapel Pub., 2006.

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8

Aghion, Philippe. On the speed of transition in Central Europe. London: European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, 1993.

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9

Aghion, Philippe. On the Speed of Transition in Central Europe. Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1994.

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10

Performance automotive engine math. North Branch, MN: CarTech, 2011.

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Частини книг з теми "Automobiles Speed Mathematical models"

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Turdibekov, Kamolbek, Mirjalil Yakubov, Absaid Sulliev, and Amangul Sanbetova. "Mathematical Models of Asymmetric Modes in High-Speed Traffic." In XIV International Scientific Conference “INTERAGROMASH 2021”, 1051–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80946-1_95.

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Mooij, H. A. "Mathematical Models of the Control Behaviour of the Human Pilot." In Criteria for Low-Speed Longitudinal Handling Qualities, 27–35. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1193-7_4.

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Herty, Michael, Andrea Tosin, Giuseppe Visconti, and Mattia Zanella. "Reconstruction of Traffic Speed Distributions from Kinetic Models with Uncertainties." In Mathematical Descriptions of Traffic Flow: Micro, Macro and Kinetic Models, 1–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66560-9_1.

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Kawakami, Takashi, Shigekazu Komeda, and Akihiko Saeki. "Year 6 Students’ Gradual Identification of Mathematical Models of Average Speed When Making Sense of ‘Walking’." In International Perspectives on the Teaching and Learning of Mathematical Modelling, 151–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37673-4_14.

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Komeda, Shigekazu, Takashi Kawakami, Masafumi Kaneko, and Takashi Yamaguchi. "Deepening and Expanding Mathematical Models of Speed in Relation to Walking: The Case of Year 8 Students." In International Perspectives on the Teaching and Learning of Mathematical Modelling, 175–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37673-4_16.

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Zaporozhets, Artur, Vladyslav Khaidurov, and Tamara Tsiupii. "Creation of High-Speed Methods for Solving Mathematical Models of Inverse Problems of Heat Power Engineering." In Systems, Decision and Control in Energy III, 41–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87675-3_3.

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Quicke, Donald L. J., Buntika A. Butcher, and Rachel A. Kruft Welton. "Population modelling including spatially explicit models." In Practical R for biologists: an introduction, 303–21. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245349.0026.

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Abstract R is an open-source statistical environment modelled after the previously widely used commercial programs S and S-Plus, but in addition to powerful statistical analysis tools, it also provides powerful graphics outputs. R can be used for some quite fast modelling jobs but its speed is nowhere near that of a compiled programming language such as C++. This chapter shows how user-defined functions can be used to perform highly repetitive jobs efficiently, and demonstrates various mathematical functions. The first example shows how a vector can be incremented and the calculated points plotted on a graph as the simulation proceeds. The second example runs a loop, and each time passes values to a user-defined function, and receives back multiple values from that function, which it then stores for plotting later. The third example is necessarily more complex and shows how R code can be used to carry out spatially explicit analyses. Finally, a simple example shows how R can be used to teach how evolution takes place, even in the absence of natural selection due to genetic drift and population bottle-necking.
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8

Quicke, Donald L. J., Buntika A. Butcher, and Rachel A. Kruft Welton. "Population modelling including spatially explicit models." In Practical R for biologists: an introduction, 303–21. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245349.0303.

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Анотація:
Abstract R is an open-source statistical environment modelled after the previously widely used commercial programs S and S-Plus, but in addition to powerful statistical analysis tools, it also provides powerful graphics outputs. R can be used for some quite fast modelling jobs but its speed is nowhere near that of a compiled programming language such as C++. This chapter shows how user-defined functions can be used to perform highly repetitive jobs efficiently, and demonstrates various mathematical functions. The first example shows how a vector can be incremented and the calculated points plotted on a graph as the simulation proceeds. The second example runs a loop, and each time passes values to a user-defined function, and receives back multiple values from that function, which it then stores for plotting later. The third example is necessarily more complex and shows how R code can be used to carry out spatially explicit analyses. Finally, a simple example shows how R can be used to teach how evolution takes place, even in the absence of natural selection due to genetic drift and population bottle-necking.
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9

Diekmann, Odo, Hans Heesterbeek, and Tom Britton. "Spatial spread." In Mathematical Tools for Understanding Infectious Disease Dynamics. Princeton University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691155395.003.0010.

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This chapter concentrates on the asymptotic speed of propagation c₀ as an important indicator of the spread at the population level in a spatially structured population. Within the context of idealized models, it unambiguously defined the (asymptotic) speed c₀ of the spatial propagation of an infection, and characterized c₀ in terms of the basic model ingredients in such a way that the computation of c₀ from the ingredients is rather simple. Thus, we added one more indicator of the infectiousness of an agent to the list (consisting so far of R₀, r, the probability of a major outbreak, the size of a major outbreak, and the endemic level). For many ecological or agricultural systems, this is actually the most relevant indicator.
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10

Jayabalan, Jagan, Dalkilic Yildirim, Dookie Kim, and Pijush Samui. "Design Optimization of a Wind Turbine Using Artificial Intelligence." In Mathematical Concepts and Applications in Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, 38–66. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-1639-2.ch003.

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This chapter examines the capability of Support Vector Machine (SVM), Relevance Vector Machine (RVM) and Genetic Programming (GP) for the optimal design of wind turbine. The excellent design has been influenced by various factors, such as profile of the blade, number of blades, power factor and tip speed ratio. The key to design a wind turbine is to Assessing the optimal tip speed ratio (TSR) is the key for designing the wind turbine. This chapter handles the Artificial Intelligence techniques in predicting the optimal TSR and the power factor based on the parameters engaged for NACA 4415 and LS-1 profile types with 3 and 4 blades. The organized machine learning framework is anticipated to be lucrative than the traditional way in foretelling the TSR and power factor. The machine learning models are then compared with the existing Neural Network model and the pros and cons of the various models are inferred from the results.
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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Automobiles Speed Mathematical models"

1

Richter, Hanz, and Rachel E. Maynard. "Hybrid-Dynamic Modeling and Characterization of Mechanical Transmissions With Unidirectional Coupling." In ASME 2009 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2009-2648.

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This paper discusses modeling approaches for mechanical systems which may be driven from more than one source of power and which include unidirectional coupling elements. These systems arise in various settings, including heavy-lift helicopters and hybrid automobiles. In this paper, two kinds of mathematical model are examined for the free-wheeling clutch, a key element in these systems. It is shown that it is not possible to define transition rules between coupled and decoupled states using only relative speed or only torque if idealized models are used. A model involving a mixed torque-velocity transition rule is shown to capture the essential switching behavior. By using the bond graph formalism, the inclusion of realistic continuous effects such as inertia and friction becomes simple by modular cascading. A simplified two-driver hybrid dynamical model is constructed and characterized using the mixed model and the concept of clutch line is introduced to characterize the dynamic behavior. This work serves as a basis for subsequent controllability studies and selection of feedback control strategies.
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2

Li, Longjian, Wenzhi Cui, Tien-Chien Jen, and Qinghua Chen. "Numerical Modeling of the Coupled Convective Heat Transfer in the Cylinder Block and the Water Jacket of Engine." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-82466.

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In this paper the physical and corresponding mathematical models of the 3D coupled heat conduction-convective heat transfer in a cylinder and its water jacket of the automobile engine were proposed. The standard k-ε turbulence model was employed to simulate the turbulent flow in the water jacket. The empirical correlations on the in-cylinder heat transfer in conjunction with the tested combustion data were used to calculate the thermal boundary conditions of the inner wall of the cylinder. The control-volume based finite element method was used to solve the 3D coupled heat conduction-convective heat transfer problem mentioned above. The computations were carried out under different engine speed from 1500rpm to 6000rpm, and the temperature distributions in the cylinder and its water jacket were revealed in detail. The relative errors between the tested temperatures at the fixed points and the corresponding ones were within the range form −12% to 4%.
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3

Niederer, Peter F., Kai-Uwe Schmitt, Markus H. Muser, and Felix H. Walz. "The Possible Role of Fluid/Solid Interactions in Minor Cervical Spine Injuries." In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/amd-25450.

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Abstract Minor soft tissue injuries of the cervical spine pose increasing problems in public health. Such injuries are conveyed particularly often in rear-end automobile collisions at low impact speeds and it has been established that they may be associated with long-term impairment Among the hypotheses put forward in order to explain the occurrence of potentially harmful neck injuries at loading levels whose severity is generally considered well below tolerance limits which hitherto have assumed to be valid, interactions between fluid and solid structures have been postulated as injury mechanism. As the solid structures of the human body, i.e., skeleton, muscles, etc., are being accelerated and deformed through the action of impact forces, the fluids contained therein (blood, cerebrospinal fluid, interstitial fluids) are gradually dragged along or displaced because of viscosity or pressure gradients which are built up in the deforming solids. Ensuing relative motions and changes of fluid volumes cause viscous shear stresses and pressure peaks which may have an adverse influence, e.g., on cellular membranes. This hypothesis is supported by a number of experimental findings. In this communication, mathematical modeling approaches are presented which are aimed at a quantification of fluid/solid interactions under loading conditions which approximate the impact situations of interest here. For this purpose, idealized fluid and solid systems are first considered which are exposed to a constant acceleration. The geometries are chosen such that analytic solutions can be obtained. Second, a detailed neck model is presented which includes vertebrae, discs, muscles, tendons as well as a representative fluid space (plexus venosus). The models are subjected to boundary conditions which correspond to typical low-speed rear-end impacts. It is found, that the level of shear stresses caused by fluids and acting on surfaces in fluid-filled bodies depends essentially on the size of the fluid spaces under consideration. Accelerations thereby exhibit a stronger influence than the duration during which they act. It cannot be excluded that critical levels are reached even in a low speed impact scenario. Calculated pressure peaks, in turn, remain within physiological limits.
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4

Calasan, Martin, Nikola Soc, Vladan Vujicic, Gojko Joksimovic, Chen Hao, Qianglong Wang, and Xing Wang. "Review of marine current speed and power coefficient — Mathematical models." In 2015 4th Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing (MECO). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/meco.2015.7181960.

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5

Sazidy, Mahmud, Claude Daley, and Bruce Colbourne. "A Mathematical Model of Icebreaking for Safe Speed Assessment." In SNAME 11th International Conference and Exhibition on Performance of Ships and Structures in Ice. SNAME, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2014-172.

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This paper presents numerical and mathematical models of ship-ice breaking. Two ship-ice breaking scenarios are considered, ice wedge breaking and level ice breaking. Numerical models of both breaking scenarios account for ice crushing, ice flexure and water foundation effect. For ice wedges, the effect of ship speed on the ice breaking process is investigated for different ship angles, ice wedge angles and ice thicknesses. The level ice breaking is investigated with and without radial cracks. The mathematical model is developed based on validated numerical results. Both models can be useful for safe speed evaluation, ice management and ship design.
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6

Lin, Jiewei, and Yi Qiu. "Mathematical Modelling of the Rear Drive Unit of a Lightweight Vehicle for Sensitivity Analysis of Vibration." In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-59810.

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Lightweight technology is applied in the automobile industry because mass reduction is beneficial in improving fuel efficiency and reducing CO2 emissions. Apart from the car body and the power unit (the two heaviest parts of a vehicle), the driveline also has potential for a reduction in weight. The driveline transfers power to the wheels and plays an important role in the vehicle system. Vibration is induced by the road input and by unbalanced forces transmitted through the driveline to the car body. Mass reduction in the driveline could influence the dynamic behaviour of a vehicle but it is not yet clear how mass reduction affects vibration of the driveline, the vehicle ride and NVH performance — important considerations when designing a lightweight driveline. In the prototype design stage, a mathematical model provides a more flexible and less costly method of optimising the system dynamics. In this paper, a 14 degree-of-freedom mathematical model is developed to study the dynamics of a rear drive unit (RDU). The system consists of a rear differential gearbox, left and right constant velocity joints and driveshafts, a rear sub-frame, and bushings between the RDU and the sub-frame and between the sub-frame and the car body. Excitations from the rear wheels, rear suspensions, and input shaft were considered. The vertical acceleration at the rear sub-frame was calculated and correlated with a calibrated multi-body dynamic model of the vehicle developed in a parallel study. Using a fractional factorial design with the vehicle travelling on a smooth road at various speeds, a sensitivity analysis was carried out with the developed mathematical model to identify the contributions of the mass properties of the RDU and the bushing parameters to the vibration at the centre of gravity (COG) of the rear sub-frame. Results indicate that the effects of design parameters on the rear sub-frame vibration vary according to the vehicle speed. For vibration at the rear sub-frame, the most influential factors are the masses of the rear differential gearbox and the driveshaft, and the stiffness of the front right bushings between the RDU and the sub-frame. The stiffness of the front left bushing between the RDU and the sub-frame also has considerable effect on the subsystem response but only at higher speeds. Reducing the mass of the CV joint is beneficial in decreasing the vertical vibration at the COG of the rear sub-frame, while reductions in masses of the gearbox and the driveshafts tend to slightly increase the vertical vibration at the same location. However, the adverse effect brought by lightweight differential gearbox and driveshafts on vibration is relatively small that may be hardly detected by passengers. The adverse effect (if any) can be compromised by adjusting the stiffness of the front bushings between the gearbox and the sub-frame.
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7

Oh, Kyoung-Gun, and Kazuhiko Hasegawa. "Low Speed Ship Manoeuvrability: Mathematical Model and its Simulation." In ASME 2013 32nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2013-11489.

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In case of offshore support vessels, it is quite important for their behaviours in low speed manoeuvrability. It is not easy to operate offshore support vessels and it raises an importance to train crew by a ship handling simulator. Therefore it is quite hot issue for ship handling simulator vendors to provide mathematical model of support vessels, but from the users’ point-of-view the model used for the simulator is not clear. Up to now some mathematical models are proposed in the literature, but the validation is not yet done carefully. For example, cross flow model is the main part for hydrodynamic force in low speed ship manoeuvring. From model ship experiments of various types of ships and from some comparison study, it is found that further discussion is necessary. In this paper, sway force and yaw moment as well as surge force will be treated in low speed condition with certain sway and yaw motions. There are many experiment results for such hydrodynamic forces and moment, especially for sway force and yaw moment, for sway motion, but those for yaw motion is quite limited. In this paper, such hydrodynamic forces and moment for both sway and yaw motions are calculated and validated with experiment results. Some manoeuvring simulation will also demonstrate which terms and/or expressions in the mathematical model are affecting the motion.
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8

Viman, L., S. Lungu, M. Dabacan, and V. Bande. "The evaluation of the dynamic performances for high speed A/D converters using mathematical models and simulations." In 2009 32nd International Spring Seminar on Electronics Technology (ISSE). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isse.2009.5206995.

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9

Chandrashekar, T. K., and A. J. Antony. "Simple Models for Cyclic Variations Spark Ignition Engines." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-79678.

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Cycle to Cycle variations in SI engines have increased our attention as reducing these CBC fluctuations will lead to better drivability, increased power output, better fuel economy, reduced emissions. As auto industry is growing at an alarming rate, numbers of users of automobiles are increasing day by day & strict emission standards have led people to think about the ways of increasing power with the same input. In this aspect evaluating the reasons for CBC variations has become the urgent need. In the present work a C-program has been written to simulate the same and pressure crank angle diagrams and MFB-crank angle diagrams for three different models & three different burn rates. The results are plotted & analyzed so that the best operating conditions are developed. The effects of Equivalence ratio, speed, throttle etc are studied.
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10

Kirillov, Sergey Nikolaevich, Vladimir Timurovich Dmitriev, and Sergey Olegovich Aleksenko. "Machine Learning Algorithms Based on Hidden Markov Models in Low-Speed Speech Codecs for Assessing Speech Quality." In 2020 2nd International Conference on Control Systems, Mathematical Modeling, Automation and Energy Efficiency (SUMMA). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/summa50634.2020.9280754.

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