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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Australian farmers"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 20 лютого 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Australian farmers"

1

Judd, Fiona, Henry Jackson, Caitlin Fraser, Greg Murray, Garry Robins, and Angela Komiti. "Understanding suicide in Australian farmers." Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 41, no. 1 (January 2006): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00127-005-0007-1.

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2

Chappel, R. J., R. W. Prime, R. S. Cutler, R. T. Jones, B. D. Millar, and B. Adler. "Antileptospiral antibodies in Australian pig farmers." Medical Journal of Australia 152, no. 2 (January 1990): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1990.tb124495.x.

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3

Khuu, Amy, and Ernst Juerg Weber. "How Australian farmers deal with risk." Agricultural Finance Review 73, no. 2 (July 26, 2013): 345–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/afr-10-2012-0054.

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4

Lea, Emma, and Anthony Worsley. "Australian farmers' and food processors' values." British Food Journal 108, no. 2 (February 2006): 105–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070700610644924.

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5

Gray, Ian, and Geoffrey Lawrence. "PREDICTORS OF STRESS AMONG AUSTRALIAN FARMERS." Australian Journal of Social Issues 31, no. 2 (May 1996): 173–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1839-4655.1996.tb01048.x.

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6

García, S. C., and W. J. Fulkerson. "Opportunities for future Australian dairy systems: a review." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 45, no. 9 (2005): 1041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea04143.

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Анотація:

During the last decade, Australian dairy farmers have been challenged to increase total factor productivity (the ratio between the rate of increase in total output and the rate of increase in the use of all inputs) in order to attenuate the negative effects of a steady decline in the terms of trade over the same period of time. Overall, the increase in total factor productivity has been low (1.5%) and farmers are questioning the most appropriate production system for the future. In an attempt to address this central question, we first identified the nature of the key pressures dairy farmers in Australia are likely to face in the future, namely labour and feed related issues. We then discuss major opportunities for developing new dairy production systems based on increased efficiency in the use of land and cows and on increasing the efficiency of labour management and lifestyle. We do not attempt to provide the best futuristic option for dairy systems in Australia. Instead, this review discusses key areas of the production system with potential to impact positively on any or all the physical, economic and labour-related aspects of modern dairy farming. By so doing, this review highlights the research questions that need to be addressed now in order to provide Australian dairy farmers with improved tools to manage their production systems in the future.

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7

Fletcher, Chloe M. E., Louise Stewart, and Kate M. Gunn. "Stressors, Barriers and Facilitators Faced by Australian Farmers When Transitioning to Retirement: A Scoping Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 3 (January 31, 2023): 2588. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032588.

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Анотація:

Farms in Australia are largely family owned and managed. Complex interactions between farming history, traditions, family, business, succession, identity and place can lead to difficulties in planning for retirement for farmers. Due to the significant implications of this for farmers’ health and wellbeing, there is a clear need to determine how farmers may be best supported through the work-to-retirement transition. This scoping review summarises the literature on Australian farmers’ retirement experiences and the stressors they face during this transition. Barriers and facilitators that may hinder or help farmers were also explored. The relevant peer-reviewed literature was identified through database searching and the grey literature was collected via a web-based search. Seven studies were included in the review. Poor health and diminishing capacity to work was identified as a key stressor related to retirement. Other drivers of stress (i.e., pressure to live up to farming ideals, perceiving retirement as a threat to self-identity and financial concerns) overlapped with barriers to retirement. Farmers identified gradual transition, strong social networks, variety in interests and activities and early financial and succession planning as key facilitators of retirement. Findings will help inform the development of interventions to assist Australian farmers through this challenging stage of their lives.

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8

Hartley, Ross. "Education extension literature for farmers: just how good is it?" Australian and International Journal of Rural Education 2, no. 1 (January 7, 2020): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.47381/aijre.v2i1.268.

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Agricultural extension throughout Australia is undergoing change. Publications for farmers are an extension strategy which uses enormous resources, yet there is little scientific enquiry validating this expenditure, particularly given the high levels of functional literacy among Australian adults. Operation Quality Wheat is an innovative educational program which emphasises user-friendly literature. Two publications were designed and tested with farmers to trial an illustrated plain english approach to transferring information. Results confirmed much interest in the change, by farmers, but less so by extension professionals.

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9

Paech, G., R. Fehlberg, and K. Tong. "P087 What is keeping Australian farmers awake at night? Associations between sleep and mental health." SLEEP Advances 3, Supplement_1 (October 1, 2022): A58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleepadvances/zpac029.157.

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Abstract Introduction In Australia, suicide rates are higher in farmers compared to the general population. The relationship between poor sleep and mental health is well known, yet there is limited evidence examining Australian farmers’ sleep and the role sleep plays in farmers mental health. Therefore, this study investigated the sleep and mental health of Australian farmers using an online questionnaire. Methods Farmers aged 18 and older (n=101; 52 males) completed a questionnaire (REDCap). The questionnaire included the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21). PSQI and ISI scores were split into normal values (‘below threshold’; PSQI<5; ISI<8) and abnormal values (‘above threshold’). Independent t-tests (Mann-Whitney) were performed to assess differences in mental health between the two threshold groups. Results Most participants worked full time (89%) on a family farm (70%) and were aged 26-55 (61%). Individuals with PSQI scores above threshold had higher DASS-21 scores across all subscales (p≤0.01; Depression 4.9±3.9; Anxiety 7.6±4.4; Stress 3.8±3.7) compared to those below threshold (Depression 2.9±3.0; Anxiety 5.1±3.2; Stress 1.9±2.0). All DASS-21 subscales scores were also higher in individuals with ISI scores above threshold (p<0.001; Depression 5.0±3.9; Anxiety 7.3±4.2; Stress 3.8±4.1) compared to those below threshold (Depression 2.5±2.9; Anxiety 4.5±3.0; Stress 1.7±1.9). Discussion Results suggest that Australian farmers who have insomnia symptoms and poor sleep quality are at a higher risk of poor mental health. Identifying at-risk individuals by examining sleep quality, then investigating and treating sleep problems, may improve mental health amongst farmers.

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10

Freebairn, John. "Adaptation to Climate Change by Australian Farmers." Climate 9, no. 9 (September 16, 2021): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli9090141.

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Анотація:

Climate change in the form of higher temperatures, changes of rainfall patterns, and for some, more natural disasters will reduce the returns from current farming choices on what to produce and the production methods. Variation of climate change across regions and uncertainty about the magnitudes of change call for a diverse mix of adaptations to climate change across different regions and individual farms. This paper considers the institutional structure for effective climate change adaptation by Australian farms. It is argued that a rerun of the history of successful adaptation of farms to new technology, changes in output and input prices, natural climate variation, and other circumstances can be repeated for climate change adaptation. Individual farms can benefit from incentives and rewards to revise their decisions, which will combine with better individual outcomes. Complementary support by the government includes the provision of climate change and weather forecast information, support for research into new technology, help to evaluate the pros and cons of alternative choices, and provision of a social safety net for those unable to adapt.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Australian farmers"

1

Halpin, Darren Richard. "Authenticity and the representative paradox : the political representation of Australian farmers through the NFF family of interest groups /." View thesis View thesis, 1999. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030527.163228/index.html.

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2

Mackrell, Dale Carolyn, and n/a. "Women as Farm Partners: Agricultural Decision Support Systems in the Australian Cotton Industry." Griffith University. Griffith Business School, 2006. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20070305.131533.

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Анотація:

Australian farmers are supplementing traditional practices with innovative strategies in an effort to survive recent economic, environmental, and social crises in the rural sector. These innovative strategies include moving towards a technology-based farm management style. A review of past literature determines that, despite a growing awareness of the usefulness of computers for farm management, there is concern over the limited demand for computer-based agricultural decision support systems (DSS). Recent literature indicates that women are the dominant users of computers on family farms yet are hesitant to use computers for decision support, and it is also unclear what decision-making roles women assume on family farms. While past research has investigated the roles of women in the Australian rural sector, there is a dearth of research into the interaction of women cotton growers with computers. Therefore, this dissertation is an ontological study and aims to contribute to scholarly knowledge in the research domain of Australian women cotton growers, agricultural DSS, and cotton farm management. This dissertation belongs in the Information Systems (IS) stream and describes an interpretive single case study which explores the lives of Australian women cotton growers on family farms and the association of an agricultural DSS with their farm management roles. Data collection was predominantly through semi-structured interviews with women cotton growers and cotton industry professionals such as DSS developers, rural extension officers, researchers and educators, rural experimental scientists, and agronomists and consultants, all of whom advise cotton growers. The study was informed by multiple sociological theories with opposing paradigmatic assumptions: Giddens' (1984) structuration theory as a metatheory to explore the recursiveness of farm life and technology usage; Rogers' (1995) diffusion of innovations theory with a functionalist approach to objectively examine the features of the software and user, as well as the processes of technology adoption; and Connell's (2002) theory of gender relations with its radical humanist perspective to subjectively investigate the relationships between farm partners through critical enquiry. The study was enriched further by drawing on other writings of these authors (Connell 1987; Giddens 2001; Rogers 2003) as well as complementary theories by authors (Orlikowski 1992; Orlikowski 2000; Trauth 2002; Vanclay & Lawrence 1995). These theories in combination have not been used before, which is a theoretical contribution of the study. The agricultural DSS for the study was CottonLOGIC, an advanced farm management tool to aid the management of cotton production. It was developed in the late 1990s by the CSIRO and the Australian Cotton Cooperative Research Centre (CRC), with support from the Cotton Research and Development Corporation (CRDC). CottonLOGIC is a software package of decision support and record-keeping modules to assist cotton growers and their advisors in the management of cotton pests, soil nutrition, and farm operations. It enables the recording and reporting of crop inputs and yields, insect populations (heliothis, tipworm, mirids and so on), weather data, and field operations such as fertiliser and pesticide applications, as well as the running of insect density prediction (heliothis and mites) and soil nutrition models. The study found that innovative practices and sustainable solutions are an imperative in cotton farm management for generating an improved triple bottom line of economic, environmental and social outcomes. CottonLOGIC is an industry benchmark for supporting these values through the incorporation of Best Management Practices (BMP) and Integrated Pest Management (IPM) principles, although there were indications that the software is in need of restructuring as could be expected of software over five years old. The evidence from the study was that women growers are participants in strategic farm decisions but less so in operational decisions, partly due to their lack of relevant agronomic knowledge. This hindered their use of CottonLOGIC, despite creative attempts to modify it. The study endorsed the existence of gender differences and inequalities in rural Australia. Nevertheless, the study also found that the women are valued for their roles as business partners in the multidisciplinary nature of farm management. All the same, there was evidence that greater collaboration and cooperation by farm partners and advisors would improve business outcomes. On the whole, however, women cotton growers are not passive agents but take responsibility for their own futures. In particular, DSS tools such as CottonLOGIC are instrumental in enabling women cotton growers to adapt to, challenge, and influence farm management practices in the family farm enterprise, just as CottonLOGIC is itself shaped and reshaped. Hence, a practical contribution of this study is to provide non-prescriptive guidelines for the improved adoption of agricultural DSS, particularly by rural women, as well as increasing awareness of the worth of their roles as family farm business partners.

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3

Mackrell, Dale Carolyn. "Women as Farm Partners: Agricultural Decision Support Systems in the Australian Cotton Industry." Thesis, Griffith University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365290.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Australian farmers are supplementing traditional practices with innovative strategies in an effort to survive recent economic, environmental, and social crises in the rural sector. These innovative strategies include moving towards a technology-based farm management style. A review of past literature determines that, despite a growing awareness of the usefulness of computers for farm management, there is concern over the limited demand for computer-based agricultural decision support systems (DSS). Recent literature indicates that women are the dominant users of computers on family farms yet are hesitant to use computers for decision support, and it is also unclear what decision-making roles women assume on family farms. While past research has investigated the roles of women in the Australian rural sector, there is a dearth of research into the interaction of women cotton growers with computers. Therefore, this dissertation is an ontological study and aims to contribute to scholarly knowledge in the research domain of Australian women cotton growers, agricultural DSS, and cotton farm management. This dissertation belongs in the Information Systems (IS) stream and describes an interpretive single case study which explores the lives of Australian women cotton growers on family farms and the association of an agricultural DSS with their farm management roles. Data collection was predominantly through semi-structured interviews with women cotton growers and cotton industry professionals such as DSS developers, rural extension officers, researchers and educators, rural experimental scientists, and agronomists and consultants, all of whom advise cotton growers. The study was informed by multiple sociological theories with opposing paradigmatic assumptions: Giddens' (1984) structuration theory as a metatheory to explore the recursiveness of farm life and technology usage; Rogers' (1995) diffusion of innovations theory with a functionalist approach to objectively examine the features of the software and user, as well as the processes of technology adoption; and Connell's (2002) theory of gender relations with its radical humanist perspective to subjectively investigate the relationships between farm partners through critical enquiry. The study was enriched further by drawing on other writings of these authors (Connell 1987; Giddens 2001; Rogers 2003) as well as complementary theories by authors (Orlikowski 1992; Orlikowski 2000; Trauth 2002; Vanclay & Lawrence 1995). These theories in combination have not been used before, which is a theoretical contribution of the study. The agricultural DSS for the study was CottonLOGIC, an advanced farm management tool to aid the management of cotton production. It was developed in the late 1990s by the CSIRO and the Australian Cotton Cooperative Research Centre (CRC), with support from the Cotton Research and Development Corporation (CRDC). CottonLOGIC is a software package of decision support and record-keeping modules to assist cotton growers and their advisors in the management of cotton pests, soil nutrition, and farm operations. It enables the recording and reporting of crop inputs and yields, insect populations (heliothis, tipworm, mirids and so on), weather data, and field operations such as fertiliser and pesticide applications, as well as the running of insect density prediction (heliothis and mites) and soil nutrition models. The study found that innovative practices and sustainable solutions are an imperative in cotton farm management for generating an improved triple bottom line of economic, environmental and social outcomes. CottonLOGIC is an industry benchmark for supporting these values through the incorporation of Best Management Practices (BMP) and Integrated Pest Management (IPM) principles, although there were indications that the software is in need of restructuring as could be expected of software over five years old. The evidence from the study was that women growers are participants in strategic farm decisions but less so in operational decisions, partly due to their lack of relevant agronomic knowledge. This hindered their use of CottonLOGIC, despite creative attempts to modify it. The study endorsed the existence of gender differences and inequalities in rural Australia. Nevertheless, the study also found that the women are valued for their roles as business partners in the multidisciplinary nature of farm management. All the same, there was evidence that greater collaboration and cooperation by farm partners and advisors would improve business outcomes. On the whole, however, women cotton growers are not passive agents but take responsibility for their own futures. In particular, DSS tools such as CottonLOGIC are instrumental in enabling women cotton growers to adapt to, challenge, and influence farm management practices in the family farm enterprise, just as CottonLOGIC is itself shaped and reshaped. Hence, a practical contribution of this study is to provide non-prescriptive guidelines for the improved adoption of agricultural DSS, particularly by rural women, as well as increasing awareness of the worth of their roles as family farm business partners.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith Business School
Griffith Business School
Full Text

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4

Halpin, Darren Richard. "Authenticity and the representative paradox: the political representation of Australian farmers through the NFF family of interest groups." Thesis, View thesis View thesis, 1999. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/22.

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Анотація:

This thesis examines the political representation of Australian farmers. The NFF family of interest groups is charged with the political representation of farmers in Australia.Given that their state affiliates are the only organisations that farmers can directly join, this study takes the case of the New South Wales Farmers' Association (NSWFA) as its major reference point. A paradox is immediately confronted. On one hand, both the state and commentators refer to the NFF family as an exemplar of a successful modern interest group. However, on the other, the NFF family is being confronted with escalating levels of disillusionment and criticism from its own constituency.Two points of interest are highlighted. Firstly, it is suggested that theoretical frameworks, which assist commentators and researchers to come to the conclusion that the NFF family is 'successful', are not constructed in such a fashion as to throw sufficient light on the paradoxical nature of an existing situation. Secondly, this paradox suggests that the NFF itself must be able to disassociate the contingent relationship between its internal levels of support and external levels of access and influence. These two focal points are explored in this thesis, and the framework used by researchers to understand the actions of Australian farm interest groups are scrutinised. Discussing 'authentic' political representation assists considering the major theme of the 'representative paradox'. It is argued that this paradox is best understood by locating it within a search by farmers for authentic political representation - both through the NFF family and apart from it.

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5

Zadnik, Elizabeth, and n/a. "In disunity, weakness." University of Canberra. Management, 1990. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20061112.112712.

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Анотація:

The National Farmers Federation (NFF) is a peak producer organisation. Its executive has purported to represent all Australian farmers with a unified voice. This thesis argues that primary producers are too heterogeneous a group ever to have developed much solidarity in articulation of or action for the furtherance of common interests and that this fact is reflected in the NFF. Heterogeneity results from farm size, product specialisation, level of technology adopted, geographical location and special needs. Successive farm organisations and the National Party (and predecessors) have attempted to encompass these differences since the 1890s. Producer differences either have led to secession or to unification when political and economic circumstances have warranted it. This diversity has prevented farm groups becoming united. The lack of unity at first prevented all farmers joining in one organisation, and when they did, they kept on splitting up. The charisma of Ian McLachlan allowed farmers to get together, but the diversity meant that the getting together benefited some not only without the others, but sometimes at the expense of others. This thesis explores the heterogeneity of the agricultural sector within the political and economic context of Australian agriculture and discusses its consequences, in the constant re-forming of farm organisations and the institutional framework of the NFF in the context of politicisation of agricultural interest groups. This thesis concludes that producer differences in terms of size and product specialisation determine how effectively they are represented. Corporate farmers have fared much better than family and family-plus farmers, who would probably be better represented by a small business organisation, with which they have more in common, rather than a farming organisation.

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6

Grieve, Aaron. "The role of psychological variables in help-seeking amongst farmers and farming families." Thesis, University of Ballarat, 2005. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/64134.

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Анотація:

This study investigated the role of psychological variables in help-seeking behaviour and attitudes in a rural population, with particular emphasis as to whether differences existed between farmers and non-farming rural residents. These groups were contrasted, as research suggests that farmers appear to be a sub-group of the Australian population at increased risk of chronic health problems and suicide, even in comparison to other rural residents.
Doctor of Psychology (Clinical)

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7

Halpin, Darren Richard, of Western Sydney Hawkesbury University, Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, and School of Agriculture and Rural Development. "Authenticity and the representative paradox: the political representation of Australian farmers through the NFF family of interest groups." THESIS_FEMA_ARD_Halpin_D.xml, 1999. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/22.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

This thesis examines the political representation of Australian farmers. The NFF family of interest groups is charged with the political representation of farmers in Australia.Given that their state affiliates are the only organisations that farmers can directly join, this study takes the case of the New South Wales Farmers' Association (NSWFA) as its major reference point. A paradox is immediately confronted. On one hand, both the state and commentators refer to the NFF family as an exemplar of a successful modern interest group. However, on the other, the NFF family is being confronted with escalating levels of disillusionment and criticism from its own constituency.Two points of interest are highlighted. Firstly, it is suggested that theoretical frameworks, which assist commentators and researchers to come to the conclusion that the NFF family is 'successful', are not constructed in such a fashion as to throw sufficient light on the paradoxical nature of an existing situation. Secondly, this paradox suggests that the NFF itself must be able to disassociate the contingent relationship between its internal levels of support and external levels of access and influence. These two focal points are explored in this thesis, and the framework used by researchers to understand the actions of Australian farm interest groups are scrutinised. Discussing 'authentic' political representation assists considering the major theme of the 'representative paradox'. It is argued that this paradox is best understood by locating it within a search by farmers for authentic political representation - both through the NFF family and apart from it.
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

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8

al, Musawi Hasham. "Information provision and retrieval in the farming industry in Western Australia." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2014. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/866.

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Анотація:

Agricultural information dissemination to farmers has been studied extensively. However, farmers preferred methods of delivery has not been investigated thoroughly within a Western Australia (WA) context. Availability of different information delivery channels have led to the overwhelming and overlapping of information available to farmers. As a consequence, the type of information required by WA farmers should be considered as knowing information needs could allow farmers to access relevant, concise and timely agricultural information. To answer the research questions, a survey was designed, using Likert-scale, close ended and open ended questions techniques, enabling qualitative and quantitative data analysis. The study‘s findings are relevant to agricultural information providers, government and public agencies, and other researchers who work in the agricultural and farming industries in Western Australia, and Australia.

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9

Ellis, Neville. "Farmers’ sense of place and mental wellbeing in an era of rapid climate change: A case study in the Western Australian Wheatbelt." Thesis, Ellis, Neville (2016) Farmers’ sense of place and mental wellbeing in an era of rapid climate change: A case study in the Western Australian Wheatbelt. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2016. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/30961/.

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Анотація:

A positive ‘sense of place’ is vital for good mental health and wellbeing, particularly amongst people who maintain close living and working relationships with the Earth. However, environments important to peoples’ health and wellbeing are under threat from anthropogenic climate change. Shifting rainfall patterns, rising temperatures and more frequent severe weather events are desolating environments at a faster rate and on a greater scale than at any time in recorded human history. While climate-driven loss of place is understood in the academic literature to have negative emotional and psychological impacts upon Indigenous populations, this knowledge has rarely informed research examining climate change and its risks to similarly emplaced non-Indigenous people. Over recent years, climate change and its impacts upon Australian farmers has received growing research interest. Adverse climatic/seasonal conditions (such as drought) have been shown to negatively impact agricultural regions and rural communities, as well as farmers’ mental health and wellbeing. However, little research has investigated farmers’ sense of place or its relationship to farmers’ mental health and wellbeing, particularly in the context of a changing climate. The thesis explores these connections amongst family farmers living in the Western Australian Wheatbelt, a region that has experienced some of the most severe and abrupt climatic changes in Australia. Since the 1970s, winter rainfall has decreased by 20 per cent and seasonal variability (temperature and rainfall) has intensified. Highly dependent upon favourable seasonal weather conditions and exposed to climate-driven market fluctuations, Wheatbelt farmers are argued to be uniquely vulnerable to local-to-global climate risks that threaten not only their economic base, but also their sense of place and mental wellbeing. The research employs a qualitative case study design situated within an ‘ecohealth’ theoretical framework. Farmers’ sense of place and lived experiences of climate change were examined using a three-part interview series conducted with twenty-two farmers during the 2013-14 agricultural season. In addition, climate-change impacts upon the broader Wheatbelt region (conceived here as a large socio-ecological system) were documented by interpreting data collected from secondary sources and knowledge obtained from fifteen key informants representing various government, community and private organisations. The thesis findings reveal that farmers’ sense of place is a powerful determinant of their mental health and wellbeing. In addition, climate change was found to undermine farmers’ place-related mental wellbeing as a consequence of its negative impacts upon farmers’ homelands and their broader regional socio-ecological contexts. The thesis offers novel insights into Australian farmers’ sense of place and its importance for their mental health and wellbeing in particular, and, more generally, contributes new theoretical and applied research understandings of people-place relationships and their relevance to mental health and wellbeing in an era of chronic and worsening climatic change.

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10

Fulwood, Jo. "Ditching the Plough: A social history of how Western Australian farmers started a revolution in their paddocks that gave us modern farming." Thesis, Fulwood, Jo (2021) Ditching the Plough: A social history of how Western Australian farmers started a revolution in their paddocks that gave us modern farming. Masters by Research thesis, Murdoch University, 2021. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/63949/.

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Анотація:

For thousands of years, farmers have ploughed their paddocks prior to planting a crop. This method of planting crops, using soil cultivation, was passed down through the generations, almost as a cultural ritual, with the primary purpose of burying the weeds to create a clean seed bed. Documented research results in Western Australia (WA) from as early as the late 1920s, demonstrated the yield advantages of planting a crop at the break of the season (April/May). Because few other options were available to them, growers had no choice but to wait until the weeds germinated before cultivating (ploughing) the soil, often several times, before planting a crop. In the mid to late 1960s, coinciding with the push by ICI Australia to sell its revolutionary Spray.Seed® herbicide, grain growers began to experiment with a new planting technique called direct drilling, minimum tillage or chemical ploughing. This was the forerunner to the modern day no-till movement. This method was based on the simple premise of spraying the herbicide on the paddock to kill the weeds, followed closely by planting the seed directly into the soil, thereby either reducing or eliminating cultivation from the system. Further, in the late 1970s, environmental pressures, particularly relating to the need to reduce water and wind erosion following extensive cultivation, forced farmers to innovate, and consider other ways, besides ploughing the soil, to plant a crop. This research project examines these various motivations behind the adoption of this revolutionary style of farming, the reasons why adoption stagnated across the grain growing regions of Western Australia and tells the stories of some of the first and early adopter growers. Through a series of semi-structured one-on-one in-depth interviews with five participants, this thesis documents the social history of this turbulent time in agricultural history, recording the stories of the people who were part of this global revolution in food production. The interviewees have all detailed their experiences in the practical implementation of using the direct drilling method in combination with the Spray.Seed® product, the relationships they made throughout this time, the events and meetings they attended, the responses they received from other industry participants, the environmental benefits they saw over time, and the business profitability achieved by committing to a vision of minimum cultivation over the longer-term. The interviews have captured the memories of the first and early adopter growers and a ‘pioneering’ agronomist who were bold enough to defy thousands of years of cultural tradition by removing multiple cultivations from their seeding strategies. Discussion centres on the geographical, social, and technical barriers that created a delay in industry-wide adoption, despite the repeated demonstration that this new strategy was clearly, in hindsight, more profitable and more environmentally sustainable than the traditional method of planting a crop using cultivation. This research also demonstrates the critical importance of documenting human stories before they are lost forever.

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Книги з теми "Australian farmers"

1

Payton, Philip. The Cornish farmer in Australia, or, Australian adventure: Cornish colonists and the expansion of Adelaide and the South Australian agricultural frontier. Trewolsta, Trewirgie, Redruth, Cornwall: Dyllansow Truran, 1987.

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2

Gray, I. W. Coping with change: Australian farmers in the 1990s. Wagga Wagga, NSW: Centre for Rural Social Research, Charles Sturt University, 1993.

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3

Chapman, Bruce. Natural pest control: An Australian guide for commercial growers, orchardists, and farmers. Melbourne: Nelson, 1986.

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David, Penman, and Hicks Phillip, eds. Natural pest control: An Australian guide for commercial growers, orchardists and farmers. Ringwood, Vic: Viking O'Neil, 1992.

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5

Sell our Australian farm? You've got to be kidding! Belleville, Ont: Epic Press, 2004.

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6

Lee, Brian. Escaping from hunger: Research to help farmers in semi-arid Kenya to grow enough food. Canberra: Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, 1993.

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Lee, Brian. Escaping from hunger: Research to help farmers in semi-arid Kenya to grow enough food. Canberra: Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, 1993.

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8

Mosig, John. Australian yabby farmer. 2nd ed. Collingwood, Vic: Landlinks Press, 1998.

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9

Hawke, Steve. Polly Farmer: A biography. South Fremantle, W.A: Fremantle Arts Centre Press, 1994.

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10

Depasquale, Paul. The Farmer files: Ken Farmer, South Australian football's greatest figure. Oaklands Park, S. Aust: Pioneer Books, 2002.

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Частини книг з теми "Australian farmers"

1

Young, N. "Western Australian No-Tillage Farmers Association." In Conservation Agriculture, 155–58. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1143-2_18.

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2

Bodh, P. C. "Farmers’ suicides in Australia." In Farmers’ Suicides in India, 184–91. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge India, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429244186-13.

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3

Nelan, Bruce, Edward Jansson, and Lisa Szabo. "An Overview of Farmers Markets in Australia." In Food Safety for Farmers Markets: A Guide to Enhancing Safety of Local Foods, 103–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66689-1_8.

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4

O’Keeffe, Patrick. "Productivism, Financialisation, and the “Good Farmer”: Constructing a Rational, Governable Farming Sector." In Making Markets in Australian Agriculture, 101–15. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3519-8_4.

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5

Roling, Niels, Pramesh Shah, Andrew Campbell, and Richard Bawden. "18. Facilitating sustainable agriculture: turning policy models upside down; Village-managed extension systems: implications for policy and practice; Community first -Landcare in Australia; Creating learning systems - a metaphor for institutional reform for development." In Beyond Farmer First, 245–63. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780442372.019.

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6

Bond, Sandy. "Wind Farms in Australia and New Zealand." In Towers, Turbines and Transmission Lines, 289–323. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118533215.ch12.

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7

Keates, Owen. "Integrating IoT with BPM to Provide Value to Cattle Farmers in Australia." In Business Process Management Workshops, 119–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37453-2_11.

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8

Krause, Mike, and Ian Cooper. "A Comparison of Three Farms in South Australia." In Rainfed Farming Systems, 1045–71. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9132-2_41.

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9

Marsh, Sally P., Michael P. Burton, and David J. Pannell. "Understanding Farmer Monitoring of a ‘Sustainability Indicator’: Depth to Saline Groundwater in Western Australia." In Land Degradation, 207–22. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2033-5_13.

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10

Gration, Rob. "Can radar technology overcome the current limitations of surveying for the Southern Bent-wing Bat Miniopterus schreibersii bassanii at wind farms?" In The Biology and Conservation of Australasian Bats, 185–94. P.O. Box 20, Mosman NSW 2088, Australia: Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.7882/fs.2011.021.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Australian farmers"

1

Brumby, Susan. "1659i Agrichemical exposure in australian farmers – monitoring, measuring and making a difference." In 32nd Triennial Congress of the International Commission on Occupational Health (ICOH), Dublin, Ireland, 29th April to 4th May 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2018-icohabstracts.1338.

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2

Brumby, Susan, Jacquie Cotton, Tam Phillips, Sienna Russell-Green, and John Edwards. "1663c Agrichemical exposure in australian farmers – monitoring, measuring and making a difference." In 32nd Triennial Congress of the International Commission on Occupational Health (ICOH), Dublin, Ireland, 29th April to 4th May 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2018-icohabstracts.1349.

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3

Brumby, Susan, Muhammad Aziz Rahman, Joe Lewis, Tracey Hatherell, and Tam Phillips. "1388 Diabetes, cardiovascular disease, psychosocial distress and other risks among australian farmers and agricultural communities – health surveillance and outcomes." In 32nd Triennial Congress of the International Commission on Occupational Health (ICOH), Dublin, Ireland, 29th April to 4th May 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2018-icohabstracts.1324.

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4

Hargreaves, Dean M. G., and Bob R. L. McCown. "Low-cost, low-bandwidth online meetings between farmers and scientists." In the 20th Australasian Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1517744.1517776.

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5

Shahid, Muhammad Ammad, Muhammad Nateque Mahamood, and Narottam Das. "Integrated asset management framework for Australian wind farms." In 2016 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aupec.2016.7749310.

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6

Gartshore, Dale. "Communication and Cooperation: Technology Transfer on Australian Family Cotton Farms." In InSITE 2004: Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2820.

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This paper presents findings of a recent study which explores rural women’s use of an agricultural decision support system, CottonLOGIC, within the Australian cotton industry. Meta-analysis is applied through the theoretical framework of structuration theory while diffusion theory is used for lower level analysis. The concept of communication is applicable to both theories. The significance of CottonLOGIC as a communication medium for technology transfer of industry research to cotton farms is evaluated in this paper. The findings suggest that CottonLOGIC is a recognised means of information exchange but even more valuable is the cooperation of stakeholders to influence effective reconstruction of farm management practices and technology usage.

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7

Geordie Galvin, Robin Ormerod, Chris G Henry, Peter D'Abreton, and Graeme Starke. "Odor dispersion modelling assemments for Meat Chicken farms in Australia." In International Symposium on Air Quality and Waste Management for Agriculture, 16-19 September 2007, Broomfield, Colorado. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.23858.

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8

Goit, Jay, and Asim Onder. "Large-eddy Simulation of Nearshore Offshore Wind Farms." In 22nd Australasian Fluid Mechanics Conference AFMC2020. Brisbane, Australia: The University of Queensland, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14264/15cb125.

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9

Clifton, Ashley Paul, Amanullah Maung Than Oo, and Mohammad Taufiqul Arif. "Influence of Electrical Contact Resistance within Cable Joint Operation in Australian Wind Farms." In 2019 IEEE PES Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference (APPEEC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/appeec45492.2019.8994525.

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10

Smith, E. F. "Australian farms and the separation of land and water titles: a research agenda." In SUSTAINABLE IRRIGATION 2012. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/si120411.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Australian farmers"

1

Marshall, Amber, Krystle Turner, Carol Richards, Marcus Foth, Michael Dezuanni, and Tim Neale. A case study of human factors of digital AgTech adoption: Condamine Plains, Darling Downs. Queensland University of Technology, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/rep.eprints.227177.

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As global agricultural production methods and supply chains have become more digitised, farmers around the world are adopting digital AgTech such as drones, Internet of Things (IoT), remote sensors, blockchain, and satellite imagery to inform their on-farm decision-making. While early adopters and technology advocates globally are spruiking and realising the benefits of digital AgTech, many Australian farmers are reluctant or unable to participate fully in the digital economy. This is an important issue, as the Australian Government has said that digital farming is essential to meeting its target of agriculture being a $100billion industry by 2030. Most studies of AgTech adoption focus on individual-level barriers, yielding well-documented issues such as access to digital connectivity, availability of AgTech suppliers, non-use of ICTs, and cost-benefit for farmers. In contrast, our project took an ‘ecosystems’ approach to study cotton farmers in the Darling Downs region in Queensland, Australia who are installing water sensors, satellite imagery, and IoT plant probes to generate data to be aggregated on a dashboard to inform decision-making. We asked our farmers to map their local ecosystem, and then set up interviewing different stakeholders (such technology providers, agronomists, and suppliers) to understand how community-level orientations to digital agriculture enabled and constrained on-farm adoption. We identified human factors of digital AgTech adoption at the macro, regional and farm levels, with a pronounced ‘data divide’ between farm and community level stakeholders within the ecosystem. This ‘data divide’ is characterised by a capability gap between the provision of the devices and software that generate data by technology companies, and the ability of farmers to manage, implement, use, and maintain them effectively and independently. In the Condamine Plains project, farmers were willing and determined to learn new, advanced digital and data literacy skills. Other farmers in different circumstances may not see value in such an undertaking or have the necessary support to take full advantage of the technologies once they are implemented. Moreover, there did not seem to be a willingness or capacity in the rest of the ecosystem to fill this gap. The work raises questions about the type and level of new, digital expertise farmers need to attain in the transition to digital farming, and what interventions are necessary to address the significant barriers to adoption and effective use that remain in rural communities. By holistically considering how macro- and micro-level factors may be combined with community-level influences, this study provides a more complete and holistic account of the contextualised factors that drive or undermine digital AgTech adoption on farms in rural communities. This report provides insights and evidence to inform strategies for rural ecosystems to transition farms to meet the requirements and opportunities of Agriculture 4.0 in Australia and abroad.

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2

Snow, Stephen, Alexander Balson, Andrew Chamberlin, Carolina Clerc, and Archie Chapman. Charting farmers’ experience of tariff switching: prepared in collaboration with Queensland Farmers Federation for Energy Consumers Australia. Brisbane, Australia: The University of Queensland, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14264/138e511.

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3

Klement, Eyal, Elizabeth Howerth, William C. Wilson, David Stallknecht, Danny Mead, Hagai Yadin, Itamar Lensky, and Nadav Galon. Exploration of the Epidemiology of a Newly Emerging Cattle-Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus in Israel. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7697118.bard.

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In September 2006 an outbreak of 'Bluetongue like' disease struck the cattle herds in Israel. Over 100 dairy and beef cattle herds were affected. Epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) (an Orbivirusclosely related to bluetongue virus (BTV)), was isolated from samples collected from several herds during the outbreaks. Following are the aims of the study and summary of the results: which up until now were published in 6 articles in peer-reviewed journals. Three more articles are still under preparation: 1. To identify the origin of the virus: The virus identified was fully sequenced and compared with the sequences available in the GenBank. It appeared that while gene segment L2 was clustered with EHDV-7 isolated in Australia, most of the other segments were clustered with EHDV-6 isolates from South-Africa and Bahrain. This may suggest that the strain which affected Israel on 2006 may have been related to similar outbreaks which occurred in north-Africa at the same year and could also be a result of reassortment with an Australian strain (Wilson et al. article in preparation). Analysis of the serological results from Israel demonstrated that cows and calves were similarly positive as opposed to BTV for which seropositivity in cows was significantly higher than in calves. This finding also supports the hypothesis that the 2006 EHD outbreak in Israel was an incursive event and the virus was not present in Israel before this outbreak (Kedmi et al. Veterinary Journal, 2011) 2. To identify the vectors of this virus: In the US, Culicoides sonorensis was found as an efficient vector of EHDV as the virus was transmitted by midges fed on infected white tailed deer (WTD; Odocoileusvirginianus) to susceptible WTD (Ruder et al. Parasites and Vectors, 2012). We also examined the effect of temperature on replication of EHDV-7 in C. sonorensis and demonstrated that the time to detection of potentially competent midges decreased with increasing temperature (Ruder et al. in preparation). Although multiple attempts were made, we failed to evaluate wild-caught Culicoidesinsignisas a potential vector for EHDV-7; however, our finding that C. sonorensis is a competent vector is far more significant because this species is widespread in the U.S. As for Israeli Culicoides spp. the main species caught near farms affected during the outbreaks were C. imicolaand C. oxystoma. The vector competence studies performed in Israel were in a smaller scale than in the US due to lack of a laboratory colony of these species and due to lack of facilities to infect animals with vector borne diseases. However, we found both species to be susceptible for infection by EHDV. For C. oxystoma, 1/3 of the Culicoidesinfected were positive 11 days post feeding. 3. To identify the host and environmental factors influencing the level of exposure to EHDV, its spread and its associated morbidity: Analysis of the cattle morbidity in Israel showed that the disease resulted in an average loss of over 200 kg milk per cow in herds affected during September 2006 and 1.42% excess mortality in heavily infected herds (Kedmi et al. Journal of Dairy Science, 2010). Outbreak investigation showed that winds played a significant role in virus spread during the 2006 outbreak (Kedmi et al. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 2010). Further studies showed that both sheep (Kedmi et al. Veterinary Microbiology, 2011) and wild ruminants did not play a significant role in virus spread in Israel (Kedmi et al. article in preparation). Clinical studies in WTD showed that this species is highly susceptibile to EHDV-7 infection and disease (Ruder et al. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 2012). Experimental infection of Holstein cattle (cows and calves) yielded subclinical viremia (Ruder et al. in preparation). The findings of this study, which resulted in 6 articles, published in peer reviewed journals and 4 more articles which are in preparation, contributed to the dairy industry in Israel by defining the main factors associated with disease spread and assessment of disease impact. In the US, we demonstrated that sufficient conditions exist for potential virus establishment if EHDV-7 were introduced. The significant knowledge gained through this study will enable better decision making regarding prevention and control measures for EHDV and similar viruses, such as BTV.

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