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Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 22 червня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Architectures cognitives":

1

Choi, Dongkyu. "On Using Generative Models in a Cognitive Architecture for Embodied Agents." Proceedings of the AAAI Symposium Series 2, no. 1 (January 22, 2024): 253–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaaiss.v2i1.27684.

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Recent popularity of generative models brought research on a variety of applications. We take a more architectural point of view, where we discuss ways in which generative AI techniques and cognitive architectures can benefit each other for a more capable overall integrated system. We use a cognitive architecture, ICARUS, as the framework for our discussion, but most of the discussed points should carry over to other architectures as well.
2

Thomson, Robert H., and Nathaniel D. Bastian. "Integrating Cognitive Architectures with Foundation Models: Cognitively-Guided Few-Shot Learning to Support Trusted Artificial Intelligence." Proceedings of the AAAI Symposium Series 2, no. 1 (January 22, 2024): 409–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaaiss.v2i1.27708.

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We present an updated position integrating cognitive architectures into workflow by utilizing the architecture for what it does most effectively: human-like few-shot learning integrating the vast amount of data stored by foundation models. By supplementing the language-generation capabilities with the constraints of cognitive-architectures guiding prompts, it should be possible to generate more relevant output and possibly even predict when the foundation model is hallucinating. Recent advances in few-shot learning capabilities of cognitive architectures in applied domains will be discussed with some parallel capabilities described by foundation models. Just as we use research from social psychology to 'nudge' people into making informed decisions, we should be able to use cognitive architectures to 'nudge' foundation models into developing more human-relevant content.
3

Psujek, Sean, Jeffrey Ames, and Randall D. Beer. "Connection and Coordination: The Interplay Between Architecture and Dynamics in Evolved Model Pattern Generators." Neural Computation 18, no. 3 (March 1, 2006): 729–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco.2006.18.3.729.

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We undertake a systematic study of the role of neural architecture in shaping the dynamics of evolved model pattern generators for a walking task. First, we consider the minimum number of connections necessary to achieve high performance on this task. Next, we identify architectural motifs associated with high fitness. We then examine how high-fitness architectures differ in their ability to evolve. Finally, we demonstrate the existence of distinct parameter subgroups in some architectures and show that these subgroups are characterized by differences in neuron excitabilities and connection signs.
4

Ruiz Sánchez de León, José María, and Miguel Ángel Fernández Blázquez. "Cognitive architectures and brain: towards an unified theory of cognition." International Journal of Psychological Research 4, no. 2 (December 30, 2011): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21500/20112084.776.

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Cognitive architectures are defined as the group of essential components belonging to a system which allows the analysis of its cognitions and behaviors. The aim of this study is to review one of the most plausible cognitive architectures from the neuroanatomic perspective: The Adaptive Control of Thought-Rational (ACT-R) is a theory about how human mind works. Following an initial approach to its basic concepts its two computational levels are described, these are: a symbolic level , which includes declarative information; and a sub-symbolic level which is represented as a parallel set of processes. At the same time, architecture’s modules are related to brain’s functional neuroanatomy describing how cortico-striatal-thalamic circuit works
5

Joshi, Himanshu, and Volkan Ustun. "Augmenting Cognitive Architectures with Large Language Models." Proceedings of the AAAI Symposium Series 2, no. 1 (January 22, 2024): 281–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaaiss.v2i1.27689.

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A particular fusion of generative models and cognitive architectures is discussed with the help of the Soar and Sigma cognitive architectures. After a brief introduction to cognitive architecture concepts and Large Language Models as exemplar generative AI models, one approach towards their fusion is discussed. This is then analyzed with a summary of potential benefits and extensions needed to existing cognitive architecture that is closest to the proposal.
6

Pérez Marco, Joaquín, Francisco José Serón Arbeloa, and Eva Cerezo Bagdasari. "Combining cognition and emotion in virtual agents." Kybernetes 46, no. 06 (June 5, 2017): 933–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/k-11-2016-0340.

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Purpose The paper aims to explain the limitations of existing cognitive architectures and affective models, and propose a new cognitive-affective architecture that can be integrated in real intelligent agents to make them more realistic and believable. Design/methodology/approach The paper evaluates the state of the art, and describes the design and implementation of the cognitive-affective architecture in an agent. A brief evaluation of the agent is provided. Findings The paper clearly states that it is possible to use cognitive architectures to help, but there is a lack of architectures that address the problem of combining cognition and emotion in agents in a unified, simplified way. A cognitive-affective architecture is useful to make believable intelligent agents in an easier way. Research limitations/implications The paper does not explore a lot of possible future work that can be done to extend the emotional expressions of the agent, as well as including direct emotional-sensing capabilities in real time. Practical implications The paper argues about the need to include cognitive-affective architectures in modern intelligent agents. The architecture allows to influence and modify the behavior of the agent in real time, to achieve a more realistic and believable interaction with the user. Social implications The paper remarks the importance of a cognitive-affective architecture that makes intelligent agents able to help the users in different tasks and environments. Originality/value The paper describes a new cognitive-affective architecture and its utility for modern intelligent agents. This is proven by including it in a previous agent, which boosts its behavior and emotional expression possibilities and thus improves user experience.
7

Zeigler, Bernard. "DEVS-Based Building Blocks and Architectural Patterns for Intelligent Hybrid Cyberphysical System Design." Information 12, no. 12 (December 20, 2021): 531. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info12120531.

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The DEVS formalism has been recognized to support generic open architectures that allow incorporating multiple engineering domains within integrated simulation models. What is missing for accelerated adoption of DEVS-based methodology for intelligent cyberphysical system design is a set of building blocks and architectural patterns that can be replicated and reused in system development. As a start in this direction, this paper offers a notional architecture for intelligent hybrid cyberphysical system design and proceeds to focus on the decision layer to consider DEVS models for basic behaviors such as choice of alternatives, perception of temporal event relations, and recognition and generation of finite state languages cast into DEVS time segments. We proceed to describe a methodology to define DEVS-based building blocks and architectural patterns for design of systems employing fast, frugal, and accurate heuristics. We identify some elements of this kind and establish their status as minimal realizations of their defined behaviors. As minimal realizations such designs must ipso facto underlie any implementation of the same cognitive behaviors. We discuss architectures drawn from the cognitive science literature to show that the fundamental elements drawn from the fast, frugal, and accurate paradigm provide insights into intelligent hybrid cyberphysical system design. We close with open questions and research needed to confirm the proposed concepts.
8

González-Santamarta, Miguel Á., Francisco J. Rodríguez-Lera, Claudia Álvarez-Aparicio, Ángel M. Guerrero-Higueras, and Camino Fernández-Llamas. "MERLIN a Cognitive Architecture for Service Robots." Applied Sciences 10, no. 17 (August 29, 2020): 5989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10175989.

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Many social robots deployed in public spaces hide hybrid cognitive architectures for dealing with daily tasks. Mostly, two main blocks sustain these hybrid architectures for robot behavior generation: deliberative and behavioral-based mechanisms. Robot Operating System offers different solutions for implementing these blocks, however, some issues arise when both are released in the robot. This paper presents a software engineering approach for normalizing the process of integrating them and presenting them as a fully cognitive architecture named MERLIN. Providing implementation details and diagrams for established the architecture, this research tests empirically the proposed solution using a variation from the challenge defined in the SciRoc @home competition. The results validate the usability of our approach and show MERLIN as a hybrid architecture ready for short and long-term tasks, showing better results than using a by default approach, particularly when it is deployed in highly interactive scenarios.
9

Vameghestahbanati, Monirosharieh, Hasan S. Mir, and Mohamed El-Tarhuni. "Simplified Overlay Architecture for Cognitive Wireless Systems." International Journal of Computer and Communication Engineering 3, no. 6 (2014): 394–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijcce.2014.v3.356.

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10

Lynn, Spencer K., Bryan Loyall, and James Niehaus. "Growing an Embodied Generative Cognitive Agent." Proceedings of the AAAI Symposium Series 2, no. 1 (January 22, 2024): 315–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaaiss.v2i1.27694.

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An evolutionary perspective on embodiment puts maintenance of physiology within a functional envelope as the brain’s base goal, with all other goals as refinements. Thus, all goals have physiological perturbation for their motivation and allostatic recovery as their signal of fulfillment. From this account, two entailments emerge. First, an object’s properties are not intrinsic to the object but a situated function of the morphology of the object and the affordances required by the goal. Second, categories do not exist without reference to some goal; they are constructed at the time of perception by blending prior conceptual knowledge to create an understanding of the perception with respect to the goal. Our thesis is that generative large language model (LLM) architectures are part of the solution to creating artificial organic-like cognitive architectures, but that LLMs as currently trained are generative only at a surface-level of behavior rather than deeper levels of cognition and, furthermore, that generative architectures must be coupled with an embodied cognitive agent architecture, which suggests both the additional levels at which generativity must operate and capabilities that the combined architecture must support.
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Статті в журналах Дисертації Книги

Дисертації з теми "Architectures cognitives":

1

Djerroud, Halim. "Architecture robotique pour la navigation parmi les obstacles amovibles pour un robot mobile." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021PA080050.

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Dans cette thèse, nous abordons la navigation autonome d'un robot mobile en milieu domiciliaire congestionné. Cette problématique relève du domaine de la navigation parmi les obstacles amovibles. Nous proposons une architecture robotique permettant la navigation parmi des obstacles fixes, amovibles et interactifs. L'objectif du robot est de rejoindre une position, tout en évitant les obstacles fixes, déplacer les obstacles amovibles s'ils gênent le passage ou bien demander à des obstacles interactifs (humain, robots, etc.) de céder le passage.Dans notre première contribution, nous proposons une architecture robotique hiérarchique baptisée VICA (VIcarious Cognitive Architecture), dont le niveau décisionnel est couplé à une architecture cognitive. Nous nous sommes inspiré des travaux sur la simplixité de Alain Berthoz qui décrivent comment le vivant prépare l'action et anticipe les réactions. L'architecture robotique se compose d'un planificateur global permettant la navigation dans un environnement inconnu et d'un planificateur local dédié à la gestion des obstacles.La seconde met en œuvre un planificateur global dont le but est de rapprocher autant que possible le robot de son objectif, en utilisant l’algorithme H* que nous avons développé.La troisième propose un planificateur local pour la gestion des obstacles. La solution proposée consiste à utiliser la simulation multi-agents dans le but d'anticiper le comportement des obstacles.L'implémentation de cette solution est réalisée dans l'architecture VICA développée sous ROS (Robot Operating System). En parallèle, nous avons développé un robot expérimental pour valider nos résultats
In this thesis, we address the autonomous navigation of a mobile robot in a congested indoor environment. This problem is related to navigation among movable obstacles (NAMO). We propose a robotic architecture allowing navigation among: fixed, removable and interactive obstacles. The objective of the robot is to reach a position, while avoiding fixed obstacles, to move removable obstacles if they obstruct the path or to ask interactive obstacles (human, robots, etc.) to give way.In our first contribution, we propose a hierarchical robotic architecture named VICA (VIcarious Cognitive Architecture), whose decisional level is coupled to a cognitive architecture. We are inspired by Alain Berthoz's work on simplexity, which describes how living organisms prepare actions and anticipate reactions. The robotic architecture is composed of a global planner allowing navigation in an unknown environment and a local planner dedicated to obstacle management.The second one implements a global planner whose goal is to bring the robot as close as possible to its goal, using the H* algorithm we have developed.The third one proposes a local planner for obstacle management. The proposed solution consists in using multi-agent simulation in order to anticipate the behavior of obstacles.The implementation of this solution is realized in the VICA architecture developed under ROS (Robot Operating System). In parallel, we have developed an experimental robot to validate our results
2

Bay, Joo-Hwa. "Cognitive biases in design the case of tropical architecture /." Delft, the Netherlands : Design Knowledge System Research Centre, Faculteit Bouwkunde, Technische Universiteit Delft, 2001. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/49528245.html.

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3

Bouhali, Florence. "Processing symbols in the ventral visual cortex : functional architecture and anatomical constraints." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB080.

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Le cortex visuel ventral chez l’homme se compose d’une mosaïque de régions spécialisées dans la reconnaissance de différentes catégories d’objets. Selon une organisation reproductible, certaines régions répondent préférentiellement aux visages, alors que d’autres sont plus activées par les maisons et les lieux, par les outils, ou encore par les parties du corps. Plusieurs facteurs ont été invoqués pour expliquer la préférence d’une région pour une catégorie donnée, tels que des biais pour le traitement de certaines caractéristiques visuelles (préférence pour la position fovéale ou périphérique des stimuli, pour leur fréquence spatiale haute ou basse), le degré d’exposition et d’expertise (expertise pour les voitures par exemple), ou la connectivité anatomique vers des réseaux cérébraux spécialisés dans le traitement d’un domaine particulier. Chez les enfants, l’apprentissage de la lecture de mots ou d’autres systèmes symboliques culturels provoque le développement de régions corticales dédiées, telles que l’aire de la forme visuelle des mots (VWFA), au sein d’une voie ventrale en partie déjà stabilisée. Ce développement ontologique tardif pour la reconnaissance de symboles, indépendamment de contraintes phylogénétiques propres à la lecture, facilite l’étude de ce qui façonne la spécialisation fonctionnelle au sein de la voie ventrale. Dans cette thèse, nous avons étudié la représentation des mots et des partitions de musique au sein du cortex visuel ventral en combinant des méthodes d’imagerie par résonance magnétique fonctionnelle et de diffusion, à des taches comportementales. D’abord, nous montrons que la localisation de la VWFA chez les adultes correspond, en comparaison à des régions voisines du cortex ventral, à une région connectée de manière optimale à celles du langage qui traitent le contenu sémantique et phonologique. Ensuite, nous montrons que les régions ventrales qui sous-tendent le décodage orthographique sont fonctionnellement hétérogènes selon un axe latero-médial. Les régions médianes semblent encoder les graphèmes de façon sérielle, sous le contrôle de régions pariétales, pour les convertir en phonèmes. A l’inverse, les régions latérales traitent les mots de façon plus flexible pour accéder au lexique. Ces études mettent en évidence le rôle majeur de la connectivité anatomique dans le développement d’une spécialisation fonctionnelle pour les mots, avec la contribution de connectivités diverses qui participent à l’hétérogénéité fonctionnelle du système de la forme visuelle des mots. Enfin, nous observons que la maîtrise de la lecture musicale a d’importantes conséquences sur la latéralisation ventrale d’autres catégories. D’une part, la latéralisation à gauche augmente dans des régions latérales ventrales pour toutes les catégories. D’autre part, la latéralisation à droite augmente dans des régions fusiformes postérieures, notamment pour le traitement des visages et des maisons. Ces conséquences, similaires à celles provoquées par l’apprentissage de la lecture de mots, révèlent des processus à la fois de compétition et de transfert entre catégories. Ainsi, nos résultats suggèrent que des mécanismes communs pourraient expliquer comment une expertise culturelle peut recycler et modifier le cortex visuel
The human ventral visual cortex hosts a mosaic of areas specialized in the recognition of different categories of objects. According to a reproducible pattern, some areas respond preferentially to faces, while others are more activated by places and buildings, by tools, or by body parts. Several factors have been proposed as major determinants of the preferred category of a given region, such as visual feature biases (preference for peripheral vs. foveal stimuli, or for high vs. low spatial frequencies), experience (e.g., car expertise) and white-matter connectivity to domain-specific brain networks. In children, learning to read words and other cultural symbols triggers the emergence of dedicated cortical areas, such as the visual word form area (VWFA), within a partially settled ventral pathway. This late ontological development for symbol recognition, free from reading-specific evolutionary constraints, facilitates the investigation of what shapes functional specialization in the ventral pathway. In the current work, we studied in particular the representation of words and musical scores in the ventral visual cortex, using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), diffusion-weighted imaging and behavioral tasks. First, we show that the location of the VWFA in adults corresponds to a region optimally connected to language regions supporting semantics and phonology, as compared to adjacent ventral cortex regions. Second, we demonstrate that ventral regions supporting orthographic decoding are heterogeneous along a medial-to-lateral axis. Medial regions seem to encode graphemes serially for phonological decoding, under the control of parietal regions. In contrast, lateral regions process words more flexibly for lexical access. These studies reveal a major role of white-matter connectivity in shaping functional specialization for words, with differential connections participating in the functional heterogeneity of the VWFA. Third, we observe that musical literacy has a large impact on lateralization patterns in the ventral stream. A domain general enhancement of leftward lateralization takes place in lateral ventral regions, together with a rightward shift in fusiform regions notably for the processing of faces and houses. These consequences probably reflect both competition between visual categories and transfer across them, and resemble the impact of reading acquisition. Together, our results show that common processes may explain how cultural expertise recycles and modifies the visual cortex
4

Popescu, Alexandru. "Cognitive Radio Networks : Elements and Architectures." Doctoral thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för kommunikationssystem, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-00575.

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As mobility and computing becomes ever more pervasive in society and business, the non-optimal use of radio resources has created many new challenges for telecommunication operators. Usage patterns of modern wireless handheld devices, such as smartphones and surfboards, have indicated that the signaling traffic generated is many times larger than at a traditional laptop. Furthermore, in spite of approaching theoretical limits by, e.g., the spectral efficiency improvements brought by 4G, this is still not sufficient for many practical applications demanded by end users. Essentially, users located at the edge of a cell cannot achieve the high data throughputs promised by 4G specifications. Worst yet, the Quality of Service bottlenecks in 4G networks are expected to become a major issue over the next years given the rapid growth of mobile devices. The main problems are because of rigid mobile systems architectures with limited possibilities to reconfigure terminals and base stations depending on spectrum availability. Consequently, new solutions must be developed that coexist with legacy infrastructures and more importantly improve upon them to enable flexibility in the modes of operation. To control the intelligence required for such modes of operation, cognitive radio technology is a key concept suggested to be part of the so-called beyond 4th generation mobile networks. The basic idea is to allow unlicensed users access to licensed spectrum, under the condition that the interference perceived by the licensed users is minimal. This can be achieved with the help of devices capable of accurately sensing the spectrum occupancy, learning about temporarily unused frequency bands and able to reconfigure their transmission parameters in such a way that the spectral opportunities can be effectively exploited. Accordingly, this indicates the need for a more flexible and dynamic allocation of the spectrum resources, which requires a new approach to cognitive radio network management. Subsequently, a novel architecture designed at the application layer is suggested to manage communication in cognitive radio networks. The goal is to improve the performance in a cognitive radio network by sensing, learning, optimization and adaptation.
5

Ratko-Dehnert, Emil. "Distributional constraints on cognitive architecture." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-159387.

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Mental chronometry is a classical paradigm in cognitive psychology that uses response time and accuracy data in perceptual-motor tasks to elucidate the architecture and mechanisms of the underlying cognitive processes of human decisions. The redundant signals paradigm investigates the response behavior in Experimental tasks, where an integration of signals is required for a successful performance. The common finding is that responses are speeded for the redundant signals condition compared to single signals conditions. On a mean level, this redundant signals effect can be accounted for by several cognitive architectures, exhibiting considerable model mimicry. Jeff Miller formalized the maximum speed-up explainable by separate activations or race models in form of a distributional bound – the race model inequality. Whenever data violates this bound, it excludes race models as a viable account for the redundant signals effect. The common alternative is a coactivation account, where the signals integrate at some stage in the processing. Coactivation models have mostly been inferred on and rarely explicated though. Where coactivation is explicitly modeled, it is assumed to have a decisional locus. However, in the literature there are indications that coactivation might have at least a partial locus (if not entirely) in the nondecisional or motor stage. There are no studies that have tried to compare the fit of these coactivation variants to empirical data to test different effect generating loci. Ever since its formulation, the race model inequality has been used as a test to infer the cognitive architecture for observers’ performance in redundant signals Experiments. Subsequent theoretical and empirical analyses of this RMI test revealed several challenges. On the one hand, it is considered to be a conservative test, as it compares data to the maximum speed-up possible by a race model account. Moreover, simulation studies could show that the base time component can further reduce the power of the test, as violations are filtered out when this component has a high variance. On the other hand, another simulation study revealed that the common practice of RMI test can introduce an estimation bias, that effectively facilitates violations and increases the type I error of the test. Also, as the RMI bound is usually tested at multiple points of the same data, an inflation of type I errors can reach a substantial amount. Due to the lack of overlap in scope and the usage of atheoretic, descriptive reaction time models, the degree to which these results can be generalized is limited. State-of-the-art models of decision making provide a means to overcome these limitations and implement both race and coactivation models in order to perform large scale simulation studies. By applying a state-of-the-art model of decision making (scilicet the Ratcliff diffusion model) to the investigation of the redundant signals effect, the present study addresses research questions at different levels. On a conceptual level, it raises the question, at what stage coactivation occurs – at a decisional, a nondecisional or a combined decisional and nondecisional processing stage and to what extend? To that end, two bimodal detection tasks have been conducted. As the reaction time data exhibits violations of the RMI at multiple time points, it provides the basis for a comparative fitting analysis of coactivation model variants, representing different loci of the effect. On a test theoretic level, the present study integrates and extends the scopes of previous studies within a coherent simulation framework. The effect of experimental and statistical parameters on the performance of the RMI test (in terms of type I errors, power rates and biases) is analyzed via Monte Carlo simulations. Specifically, the simulations treated the following questions: (i) what is the power of the RMI test, (ii) is there an estimation bias for coactivated data as well and if so, in what direction, (iii) what is the effect of a highly varying base time component on the estimation bias, type I errors and power rates, (iv) and are the results of previous simulation studies (at least qualitatively) replicable, when current models of decision making are used for the reaction time generation. For this purpose, the Ratcliff diffusion model was used to implement race models with controllable amount of correlation and coactivation models with varying integration strength, and independently specifying the base time component. The results of the fitting suggest that for the two bimodal detection tasks, coactivation has a shared decisional and nondecisional locus. For the focused attention experiment the decisional part prevails, whereas in the divided attention task the motor component is dominating the redundant signals effect. The simulation study could reaffirm the conservativeness of the RMI test as latent coactivation is frequently missed. An estimation bias was found also for coactivated data however, both biases become negligible once more than 10 samples per condition are taken to estimate the respective distribution functions. A highly varying base time component reduces both the type I errors and the power of the test, while not affecting the estimation biases. The outcome of the present study has theoretical and practical implications for the investigations of decisions in a multisignal context. Theoretically, it contributes to the locus question of coactivation and offers evidence for a combined decisional and nondecisional coactivation account. On a practical level, the modular simulation approach developed in the present study enables researchers to further investigate the RMI test within a coherent and theoretically grounded framework. It effectively provides a means to optimally set up the RMI test and thus helps to solidify and substantiate its outcomes. On a conceptual level the present study advocates the application of current formal models of decision making to the mental chronometry paradigm and develops future research questions in the field of the redundant signals paradigm.
6

Fawcett, Angela. "A cognitive architecture of dyslexia." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295122.

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7

Antony, Michael Verne. "Consciousness, content, and cognitive architecture." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/13729.

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8

Novikova, Jekaterina. "Generic Cognitive Architecture for Real-Time, Embedded Cognitive Systems." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för datavetenskap och kommunikation, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-3889.

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The problem of integrated cognition , analyzed in the thesis, belongs to a multi-disciplinary area of cognitive engineering. The multi-disciplinary focusing on cognitive models and real-time embedded systems, such as mobile robots, helps to reveal a broader and deeper understanding of robotics as part of everyday life and society. Over the past decades many cognitive architectures have been proposed and steadily developed, based on different approaches and methodologies, but still current cognitive architectures are far from the goal of covering the requirements for general intelligence. Recent research in the area of evolutionary algorithms and genetic programming is used in this study as an inspiration for developing the new version of integrated cognitive architecture, and the knowledge of human brain structure and functions is applied to the architecture as well. In this study a survey of cognitive architectures is performed, a version of biologically inspired hybrid cognitive architecture is developed. This architecture is influenced by a contemporary research in evolutionary algorithms and genetic programming. Some modules of the architecture are applied to a mobile robot in a simulated environment.
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Buc, Calderon Cristian. "Temporal dynamics and neural architecture of action selection." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/229408.

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In this thesis we pitted two views of action selection. On the one hand, a traditional view suggesting that action selection emerges from a sequential process whereby perception, cognition and action proceed serially and are subtended by distinct brain areas. On the other hand, an ecological view (formalized in the affordance competition hypothesis) advocating that action selection stems from the parallel implementation of potential action plans. In parallel, the competition between these action plans would be biased by relevant task factors. We first addressed the issue of the temporal dynamics of action selection processes in Chapter 2. We built a reaching task design that crucially gave equal opportunities for serial and parallel processing of cognitive and motor processes to occur. In our study, we first cued participants with probabilities associated to upcoming potential reaches. After several hundreds of milliseconds, participants were given a deterministic go signal indicating which target to reach for. They had to reach for the signaled target as fast as possible. Importantly, our design tries to cope with the biases involved in previous reaching tasks, allowing for a much more informative way to tackle the issue of serial versus parallel processing in action selection. We show that effects of action probability are not only present in the initiation time (i.e. the time it takes to initiate the movement), but crucially also in the movement time (i.e. the time interval between movement initiation and target reaching). Furthermore, an analysis of the movement trajectories showed that reach probability influenced the trajectories according to the predicted pattern. Thus, these results back up a system where cognitive and motor processes continuously interact with one another to come up with a decision. After clarifying the temporal dynamics, we concentrate our efforts on exposing the neural architecture of processes subtending action selection in Chapter 3. In a two-choice button press task, participants were first cued with predictive information regarding upcoming button presses. Crucially, we experimentally manipulated the amount of information in favor of specific button presses whilst adopting a design as similar as possible to those used in monkey neurophysiology (e.g. Cisek & Kalaska, 2005). Using fMRI, our results showed that as information in favor a button press increases, so does activity in the contralateral primary motor cortex, while activity in the ipsilateral primary motor cortex decreases. Moreover, we observed that primary motor regions are more tightly coupled with fronto-parietal areas in a condition involving a decision compared with a situation not implicating a decision between two button presses. Our results are compatible with an account predicting that decision-making emerges from motor areas, and therefore suggest that the architecture presented in the affordance competition hypothesis is not only valid in monkeys but also humans. In Chapter 4, we combine the findings acquired in the studies of chapter 2 and 3 with recent neurophysiological insights to develop a neuro-computational model capable of grasping the continuous interaction between cognitive and motor processes, responsible for the behavioral pattern in reach selection tasks. Our model functions on the principles of cascade forward models whereby activation at one stage of processing systematically spills to the next one, thereby substantially blurring the boundaries between perceptive, cognitive and motor processes. Contrary to most computational models confining action selection processes prior to action execution, our model allows for these processes to leak into action execution. Moreover, the threshold for action execution is not fixed, but rather dynamic and crucially depends on the activity pattern of the model’s primary motor neurons. We propose that the modification of the threshold is governed by the subthalamic nucleus, receiving direct input signals from the primary motor cortex and in turn imposing a dynamical brake on action execution. By including this dynamical threshold, our model has the advantage that it can release movement execution either rapidly or slowly depending on the context. Our model accounts not only for initiation times, but also movement times in reaching task studies. Furthermore, it can grasp the qualitative pattern of movement trajectories. This study suggests that to explain unfolding actions a classical fixed threshold is not sufficient, but rather an execution threshold level that is continuously being updated depending on the context is required.
Doctorat en Sciences psychologiques et de l'éducation
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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McHugh, Brendan Thomas. "Architecture as a cognitive teaching device." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/23206.

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Книги з теми "Architectures cognitives":

1

Aldinhas Ferreira, Maria Isabel, João Silva Sequeira, and Rodrigo Ventura, eds. Cognitive Architectures. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97550-4.

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2

Newell, Allen. Unified theories of cognition. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1990.

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3

Mitola, Joseph. Cognitive Radio Architecture. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2006.

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4

John, Laird. The Soar cognitive architecture. Cambridge,Mass: MIT Press, 2012.

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5

Klimov, Valentin V., and David J. Kelley, eds. Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures 2021. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96993-6.

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Samsonovich, Alexei V., ed. Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures 2019. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25719-4.

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Chella, Antonio, Roberto Pirrone, Rosario Sorbello, and Kamilla Rún Jóhannsdóttir, eds. Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures 2012. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34274-5.

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Samsonovich, Alexei V., ed. Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures 2018. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99316-4.

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Samsonovich, Alexei V., and Tingting Liu, eds. Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures 2023. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-50381-8.

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Bay, Joo-Hwa. Cognitive biases in design: The case of tropical architecture. Delft, The Netherlands: Design Knowledge System Research Centre, Faculteit Bouwkunde, Technische Universiteit Delft, 2001.

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Частини книг з теми "Architectures cognitives":

1

Flasiński, Mariusz. "Cognitive Architectures." In Introduction to Artificial Intelligence, 203–10. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40022-8_14.

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Woolley, Gary. "Cognitive Architecture." In Reading Comprehension, 35–47. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1174-7_3.

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Samsonovich, Alexei V. "Extending Cognitive Architectures." In Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures 2012, 41–49. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34274-5_11.

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Sadhu, Bodhisatwa, and Ramesh Harjani. "Cognitive Radio Architectures." In Analog Circuits and Signal Processing, 7–19. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9296-2_2.

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Faghihi, Usef, Pierre Poirier, and Othalia Larue. "Emotional Cognitive Architectures." In Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction, 487–96. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-24600-5_52.

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Murakami, Yohei, Donghui Lin, Masahiro Tanaka, Takao Nakaguchi, and Toru Ishida. "Service Grid Architecture." In Cognitive Technologies, 19–34. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21178-2_2.

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Wells, A. J. "Virtual Architecture." In Rethinking Cognitive Computation, 174–82. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-06661-9_15.

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Letichevsky, Alexander. "Insertion Cognitive Architecture." In Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures 2012, 211–17. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34274-5_38.

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Li, Shujun, and Mieczyslaw M. Kokar. "Cognitive Radio Architecture." In Flexible Adaptation in Cognitive Radios, 11–21. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0968-7_2.

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10

Mitola, Joseph. "Cognitive Radio Architecture." In Cooperation in Wireless Networks: Principles and Applications, 243–311. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-4711-8_9.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Architectures cognitives":

1

Blanchi, Yann. "4E Cognition for Symbiotic Architecture?" In 28th International Symposium on Electronic Art. Paris: Ecole des arts decoratifs - PSL, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69564/isea2023-4-short-blanchi-4e.

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SHORT PAPER. With the aim of reconsidering the very nature of architecture, we propose a conceptual tool to think of architectural apparatuses as actors within a continuum composed of both artificial and natural agents. For this,we look at the cognitive sciences, particularly the 4E cognitive (embodied, embedded, enactive, and extended). We use examples from contemporary architecture to test our hypothesis and thus attempt to define what symbiotic architecture could be.
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Gong, Xiaodong, Shihang He, Qian Gong, and Yushun Liu. "Comparing the impact of two common information architectures on the operational performance of mission planning systems." In 14th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003177.

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To explore the impact of information architecture design on task planning performance with the aim of improving the operational performance of task planning processes and reducing operator cognitive load. Methods: Two types of most commonly used linear and tree structures were used to design an interactive low-fidelity prototype of the two architectures based on the same planning task, 20 subjects were recruited, testers randomly selected the two scenarios, usability tests and NASA-TLX questionnaires were used to measure the differences in task planning operational performance and cognitive load of the two information architectures, and finally ANOVA methods were used to data processing and analysis. Conclusion: In the prototype design task with a tree structure, the subjects' performance was generally higher than that of the task designed with a linear structure, and the former subjects' cognitive load index values of self-performance, mental demand, time demand, frustration level, and effort level scores were lower than those of the latter, except for physical demand. After analysis, it was concluded that probably in complex task planning scenarios with many subtasks, the tree structure enables users to have a more holistic control of task branching and reduces the path return hierarchy, which in turn reduces the consumption of cognitive resources.Keywords: task planning, information architecture, interaction flow design, linear structure, tree structure
3

Hansen, Michael E., Andrew Lumsdaine, and Robert L. Goldstone. "Cognitive architectures." In the ACM international symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2384592.2384596.

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4

Blumberg, Mark Alan. "Proximate Architecture: Basis for a Pedagogy of Diagram." In 109th ACSA Annual Meeting Proceedings. ACSA Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.109.59.

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Diagrams used in design processes exclusively serve the resultant object of the work, and we often understand diagrams in terms of how they might serve the discipline within which they are intended to function. In this sense, diagrams are a means to an objective that is distant from, and external to, the designer. However, diagramming intended for reinforcing cognitive capacities required for abstract thinking, comprehension of increasingly complex conditions surrounding a problem, and strategic planning reorients the intention back towards the student-architect. At the same time, this focus on process within the architect suggests a stratum of architectural definition that is innately internal, manifested within the conceptual, the virtual, and through the imagination. What occurs if we reverse our focus from the diagram’s service to architecture to the diagram’s service to the architect? How does the diagrammatic process serve the architect? How does diagramming develop understanding of architecture by shaping cognitive utility towards its concepts? How can we fold this into pedagogy and knowledge production to establish methods towards expansion of architectural cognition?
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Scheutz, Matthias, Evan Krause, Bradley Oosterveld, Tyler Frasca, and Robert Platt. "Recursive Spoken Instruction-Based One-Shot Object and Action Learning." In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/752.

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Learning new knowledge from single instructions and being able to apply it immediately is highly desirable for artificial agents. We provide the first demonstration of spoken instruction-based one-shot object and action learning in a cognitive robotic architecture and briefly discuss the architectural modifications required to enable such fast learning, demonstrating the new capabilities on a fully autonomous robot.
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Chan, Jeanie, and Goldie Nejat. "The Design of an Intelligent Socially Assistive Robot for Person-Centered Cognitive Interventions." In ASME 2010 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2010-28681.

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Recently, there has been a growing body of research that supports the effectiveness of using non-pharmacological cognitive and social training interventions to reduce the decline of or improve brain functioning in individuals suffering from cognitive impairments. However, implementing and sustaining such interventions on a long-term basis is difficult as they require considerable resources and people, and can be very time-consuming for healthcare staff. The objectives of our research are to validate the effectiveness of these training interventions and make them more accessible to healthcare professionals through the aid of robotic assistants. Our work focuses on designing a human-like socially assistive robot, Brian 2.0, with abilities to recognize and identify human affective intent to determine its own appropriate emotion-based behavior while engaging in natural and believable social interactions with people. In this paper, we present the design of a novel human-robot interaction (HRI) control architecture for Brian 2.0 that allows the robot to provide social and cognitive stimulation in person-centered cognitive interventions. Namely, the novel control architecture is designed to allow a robot to act as a social motivator by encouraging, congratulating and assisting a person during the course of a cognitively stimulating activity. Preliminary experiments validate the robot’s ability to provide assistive interactions during a HRI-based person-directed activity.
7

Başarır, Lâle. "Exploring the Neurological Basis and Motivation for Learning to Design during the Covid-19 Pandemic." In 4th International Conference of Contemporary Affairs in Architecture and Urbanism – Full book proceedings of ICCAUA2020, 20-21 May 2021. Alanya Hamdullah Emin Paşa University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.38027/iccaua2021301n6.

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Architectural design curriculum is based on the premise that students want to learn Architecture. However, there is a significant decline in the motivation and enthusiasm of Architecture students for designing projects within the studio courses. This phenomenon can be the natural result of the Covid-19 pandemic that locked young architect candidates down, forcing them to attend courses online. However, the motivation behind the act of designing is loosely related with the designers’ physical or online presence. This study aims to understand the basic motives underlying the desire to design by examining online architectural design education processes. The paper looks into cognitive processes, neuroscientific knowledge around the act of design, and pedagogical knowledge around learning to design. The main question of the research is to see whether the motivation to design can be explained
8

Nguyen, Binh Vinh Duc (Alex), Andrew Vande Moere, and Henri Achten. "How to Explore the Architectural Qualities of Interactive Architecture - Virtual or physical or both?" In eCAADe 2020: Anthropologic : Architecture and Fabrication in the cognitive age. eCAADe, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2020.2.219.

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9

Nguyen, Binh Vinh Duc (Alex), Andrew Vande Moere, and Henri Achten. "How to Explore the Architectural Qualities of Interactive Architecture - Virtual or physical or both?" In eCAADe 2020: Anthropologic : Architecture and Fabrication in the cognitive age. eCAADe, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2020.2.219.

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10

Torres, Gustavo, Karina Jaime, Felix Ramos, and Gregorio Garcia. "Brain architecture for visual object identification." In Cognitive Computing (ICCI-CC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/coginf.2011.6016119.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Architectures cognitives":

1

Renz, Thomas E. Architectures for Cognitive Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada514589.

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2

Ritter, Frank E., and Steven R. Haynes. An Architectural Overlay: Modifying an Architecture to Help Cognitive Models Understand and Explain Themselves. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada443755.

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3

Laird, John E. Extending the Soar Cognitive Architecture. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada473738.

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4

Simon, Herbert A. Cognitive Architectures and Rational Analysis: Comment. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada219199.

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5

Anderson, John, Christian Lebiere, Randall O'Reilly, and Andrea Stocco. Integrated Cognitive Architectures For Robust Decision Making. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada561318.

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6

DeJong, Kenneth A., Alexei V. Samsonovich, and Giorgio A. Ascoli. An Integrated Self-Aware Cognitive Architecture. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada479743.

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Smith, Sidney C. Impact of Cognitive Architectures on Human-Computer Interaction. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada610093.

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Subrahmanian, V. S., and Dana Nau. CARA: Cognitive Architecture for Reasoning About Adversaries. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada563483.

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Langley, Pat, Kevin Thompson, Wayne Iba, John H. Gennari, and John A. Allen. An Integrated Cognitive Architecture for Autonomous Agents. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada225701.

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Chong, Ronald S. Inheriting Constraint in Hybrid Cognitive Architectures: Applying the EASE Architecture to Performance and Learning in a Simplified Air-Traffic Control Task. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada441164.

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