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Статті в журналах з теми "Arbitrato commerciale"
1
Kozubovska, Beata, and Rimantas Daujotas. "ARBITRŲ ATSAKOMYBĖ IR IMUNITETAS NUO ATSAKOMYBĖS." Teisė 92 (February 11, 2015): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/teise.2014..3911.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Straipsnyje analizuojamas arbitrų imuniteto institutas tarptautiniame komerciniame arbitraže. Tarptautiniame komerciniame arbitraže nėra bendros pozicijos dėl atsakomybės arbitrams taikymo ir jos ribojimo. Šio straipsnio tikslas, remiantis lyginamąja valstybių teisinių sistemų analize, suformuluoti mokslines rekomendacijas, susijusias su atsakomybės taikymu ir jos apribojimu arbitrams tarptautiniame komerciniame arbitraže.
This article discusses arguable aspects of the application of the liability of arbitrators in international commercial arbitration. There is no uniform practice applicable to the immunity of arbitrators in the field. By means of comparative analysis of various countries legal systems, this article aims to construct recommendation regarding the arbitrator‘s immunity and liability issue in international commercial arbitration.
2
Baier, Jonatan, and Bernhard F. Meyer. "Arbitrator Consultants Another Way to Deal with Technical or Commercial Challenges of Arbitrations." ASA Bulletin 33, Issue 1 (February 1, 2015): 37–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/asab2015004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
International commercial arbitrations are often complex and of a technical nature. Ensuring that arbitral tribunals have, or acquire, the necessary technical or commercial know-how is a challenge - for the parties as well as for the arbitrators. The standard solutions (party- and/or court-appointed experts) are time-consuming, costly and often carry the risk of delegating decision-making powers to the experts. Another way to ensure a technically or commercially sound and enforceable award is through the use of a consultant to the arbitral tribunal ("Arbitrator Consultant"). This tool was recently field-tested and successfully implemented in a major international energy price review arbitration in which the authors were involved. An Arbitrator Consultant is neither an expert, nor an arbitrator. Rather, he is a special assistant providing technical or commercial expertise to the arbitral tribunal "upon demand". He advises the arbitrators on limited technical or commercial language and/or calculation questions. However, he does not prepare an expert report, nor is he subject to cross-examination by counsel. The Arbitrator Consultant is, with the approval of the parties, an assistant in the sense that he helps to "translate" the arbitrator's decision into the particular technical or commercial language of a contract, or vice versa.
3
Kecskés, László. "In Memory of Professor Dr Iván Szász." Journal of International Arbitration 29, Issue 3 (June 1, 2012): 355–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/joia2012022.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The very sad apropos of the present article is the untimely death of Professor Dr Iván Szász, the best-known Hungarian arbitrator in the family of international commercial arbitration, at the beginning of this year. There are many arbitrator colleagues throughout the world who knew him from international arbitrations and conferences, and admitted his talent and exceptional skills both as a practitioner arbitrator and as the leading official of the International Council for Commercial Arbitration ICCA over many years. This article aims to pay tribute to him whose passing is a great loss not only to the Hungarian but also to international arbitration and arbitrators.
4
Chung, Yongkyun, and Hong-Youl Ha. "Arbitrator acceptability in international commercial arbitration." International Journal of Conflict Management 27, no. 3 (July 11, 2016): 379–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcma-07-2015-0046.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the determinants of arbitrator acceptability and investigate whether the perceived costs of arbitration moderate the relationship between arbitrator acceptability and arbitrator characteristics in international commercial arbitration. Design/methodology/approach A two-stage analytic process is used to test the dimensionality, reliability and validity of each construct and then the proposed hypotheses. Findings The findings show that the five constructs of arbitrator characteristics – reputation, practical expertise, legal expertise, experience and procedural justice – statistically significantly explain arbitrator acceptability. Moreover, perceived cost of arbitration moderates the relationship between arbitrator acceptability and arbitrator characteristics. However, the moderating effect of perceived costs of arbitration is not equal across characteristics. Research limitations/implications Knowledge regarding potential moderators of the strength of the indicators of arbitrator acceptability will be useful to future researchers in determining which variables to study in arbitrator selection research. Practical implications Useful guidelines in the selection of an international arbitrator are proposed. Originality/value This study contributes to arbitrator acceptability literature through the suggestion of a hypothesized model of arbitrator acceptability with auxiliary hypothesis of reputation in international contexts. In addition, this study investigates the moderating role of perceived cost of arbitration on the relationship between arbitrator acceptability and arbitrator characteristics.
5
Alessi, Dario. "Enforcing Arbitrators Obligations: Rethinking International Commercial Arbitrators Liability." Journal of International Arbitration 31, Issue 6 (December 1, 2014): 735–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/joia2014035.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Liability of arbitrators touches the heart of the concept of arbitration as it affects the legal relationship between the arbitrators and the parties and concerns some essential issues on the nature of the arbitrator's mandate. This article intends to propose an alternative conceptual approach to the immunity-based theories, endorsing the suggestion that the arbitrator shall be liable as any normal intellectual service provider for breach of her obligations. Regarding the regime of liability, a systematization is proposed whereby strict liability, fault-based liability and tortious liability cohabitate. This relationship is argued being contractual. The existence of an objective contractual exchange underlies contractual liability for breach. As a consequence, the thesis proposed in this article is that the arbitrator shall be liable for breaches of the obligations contractually incurred. These contractual obligations can be divided into two main clusters, namely, the obligation to decide the dispute submitted and the obligation to provide a fair and equal adjudication. Thus, a dual regime of contractual liability for arbitrators is proposed. A separate set of obligations is represented by the pre-contractual duties of disclosure, which are tort-based. The plain existence of a contractual relationship between the arbitrator and the parties automatically sets aside all those theories claiming that because of the status or for some policy argument, the arbitrator must be immune from liability. As a consequence, any immunity or qualified immunity-based theory is rebutted in favor of a full liability-based conceptual scheme.
6
Hrnčiříková, Miluše. "The Meaning of Soft Law in International Commercial Arbitration." International and Comparative Law Review 16, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 97–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/iclr-2016-0007.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Summary The growth in the amount of international arbitrations, the value of the disputes and expenses invested into the arbitral proceedings have escalated the pressure to succeed in dispute. The arbitrators face to guerrilla tactics or threats of annulment of arbitral awards based on the violation of a right to a due process. Soft law regulating the arbitral procedure endowers the effectives of the arbitration, however, in the recent years the critical voices can be heart which warn against overregulation and its judicialization. On the following pages the impact of the soft rules prescribing the arbitral proceeding on the effectiveness of the international commercial arbitration is examined. Firstly the author deals with the right to a fair trial and the discretionary power of arbitrators in the framework of the notion of soft law and then the binding character of this soft law is determined. The aim of this article is to answer the question whether the regulation of the arbitral proceedings by soft law is still welcomed or if it represents a threat for the discretionary powers of the arbitrator and arbitration as such.
7
Elmejresi, Jamila Ibrahim, Muneer Ali Abdul Rab та Abdul Samat Musa. "مدى سلطة المحكّم في البتّ في اختصاصه في التّشريع الليبي". Malaysian Journal of Syariah and Law 7, № 1 (29 травня 2019): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.33102/mjsl.v7i1.131.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The principle of competence in jurisdiction is an important basis in commercial arbitration for its importance in reducing the time of litigation. The trust of the litigants in the arbitrator does not stop at the subject matter of the dispute but extends to all its preliminary decisions before the judgment in the case. This principle is explicitly adopted in the majority of arbitration centres. However, Libyan jurisprudence does not adopt this principle, and it is left vague under the provisions of article 757 of the Code of Plea on Matters outside the Jurisdiction of the Arbitrators, which could result in a contradiction in the arbitration decisions. Thus, this paper deals with the limits of the authority of the arbitrator in enforcing his jurisdiction under Libyan legislation by relying on the inductive method and analytical deductive approach. This research concludes that the principle of jurisdiction is one of the most important principles of international arbitration. However, Libyan legislators have not properly addressed the issue on the invalidity of the arbitration clause in a true contract due to the ambiguity of Article 757 of the Libyan Code of Procedure on matters beyond the jurisdiction of the arbitrators. There is thus an overlap between the judiciary and arbitration in specifying the jurisdiction of the arbitrator in the texts of the draft arbitration law
8
Al-Fadhel, Faisal. "Respect for Party Autonomy under Current Saudi Arbitration Law." Arab Law Quarterly 23, no. 1 (2009): 31–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157302509x395632.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractArbitration is an important means for settling disputes between commercial parties, in parallel with the general judicial system. Certain basic standards, such as party autonomy and the supportive role of courts, are required in any modern arbitral legislation if it is to prove effective. This article will focus on the principle of party autonomy, fundamental to modern law, under the current Saudi Arbitration Law. Several issues will be discussed and constructive recommendations given regarding: the consistency in terminology used, specifically with respect to "arbitration instrument", "arbitration clause" and "submission agreement"; the professional qualifications and experience of arbitrators; the choice of language for international arbitration; woman's role as arbitrator; the status of non-Muslim arbitrators; and modernisation of the Saudi Arbitration Law of 1983 and its Implementing Regulations of 1985.
9
Daujotas, Rimantas, and Beata Kozubovska. "JURA NOVIT CURIA PRINCIPO TAIKYMAS TARPTAUTINIAME KOMERCINIAME ARBITRAŽE." Teisė 89 (January 1, 2013): 176–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/teise.2013.0.1911.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Straipsnyje analizuojamas jura novit curia principo taikymas tarptautiniame komerciniame arbitraže. Arbitraže nėra nusistovėjusios jura novit curia principo taikymo praktikos. Straipsnyje siekiama išanalizuoti šios lotynų dogmos pritaikymą nagrinėjamam alternatyvaus ginčų nagrinėjimo būdui. Pagrindinis tyrimo klausimas – ar jura novit curia yra teisė, kuria arbitrai gali pasinaudoti arba nepasinaudoti, ar pareiga, kurią arbitrai privalo vykdyti. This article discusses arguable aspects of the application of jura novit curia in international commercial arbitration. There is no uniform practice applicable to the use of concept jura novit curia in the field. The research aims at addressing the appropriateness of jura novit curia in international commercial arbitration. Whether jura novit curia is only a power arbitrators may exercise or an obligation that tribunals must obey?
10
ALQUDAH, Yassin Ahmad, and Abdullah Ahmed ALKHSEILAT. "The Extent of the Arbitrator's Immunity from Civil Liability Compared to the Judge's Immunity (Comparative Study)." Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics 9, no. 3 (June 15, 2020): 711. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505/jarle.v11.3(49).02.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study aims at the legal dimensions of the legislative deficiency of the arbitrator's immunity from civil liability in the Jordanian Arbitration Law, which the legislator granted to the judge.
The researchers reached the need to amend the provisions of the Jordanian Arbitration Law to grant immunity to the arbitrator, especially since the work is similar to that of a judge.
The judicial immunity of the arbitrator is civil liability in comparison with the immunity of the judge
Jordanian and Egyptian lawmakers have imposed restrictions on the civil (commercial) arbitrator's responsibility for the mistakes he makes while performing his arbitral mission, This is to encourage arbitration, compared to the position of the arbitrator over the judge's function, hence granting the Jordanian legislator and the Egyptian legislator and the judgments of the commercial arbitrator judicial immunity similar to that enjoyed by the judge but much less than the immunity of the judge.
We therefore consider it appropriate to examine the arbitrator's immunity, beginning with a shedding light on the judges' immunity from civil responsibility, given the similarity in the task entrusted to both the judge and the arbitrator, which is to resolve disputes by a legally binding and enforceable judgment.
This requires us to present the principle of judicial immunity from civil liability, and the reasons that support and oppose such immunity, in order to determine the judicial immunity of arbitrators of civil liability.
Дисертації з теми "Arbitrato commerciale"
1
DAVERIO, FRANCESCA CHIARA NOEMI DIVA. "Arbitrato e fallimento." Doctoral thesis, Università Bocconi, 2010. https://hdl.handle.net/11565/4053899.
Повний текст джерела
2
Cavallari, Maria Gaia. "Arbitrato societario tra concorrenza e alternatività." Doctoral thesis, Luiss Guido Carli, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11385/200864.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
La convenzione arbitrale nell’arbitrato societario. Dall'arbitrato comune all'arbitrato societario: esclusività o concorrenza? Oggetto dell'arbitrato, disponibilità del diritto e questioni compromettibili nomina, poteri, decisioni degli arbitri societari.
3
GRASSI, MICHELE. "LA TEORIA DELLA RES JUDICATA NELL'ARBITRATO COMMERCIALE INTERNAZIONALE." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/610259.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Il presente studio si propone di indagare il funzionamento della teoria della res judicata nel contesto dell’arbitrato commerciale internazionale.
L’espressione res judicata individua i caratteri d’irretrattabilità e vincolatività del provvedimento giurisdizionale reso all’esito del giudizio e, come tale, rappresenta un elemento essenziale di ogni sistema di risoluzione delle controversie. La funzione svolta dalla teoria in esame all’interno del processo dipende da un bilanciamento tra valori e principi contrastanti, quali, nello specifico, le esigenze di economia processuale e certezza delle situazioni giuridiche, da un lato, e il rispetto del principio dispositivo nonché la tutela del diritto di azione e di difesa, dall’altro. La concreta individuazione dell’oggetto e dell’estensione degli effetti del giudicato solleva, pertanto, questioni teoriche e pratiche di particolare complessità, a cui i diversi ordinamenti nazionali forniscono risposte marcatamente difformi. La diversità nella disciplina del giudicato assume un peculiare rilievo laddove il giudice sia chiamato a determinare gli effetti preclusivi e conclusivi prodotti da un provvedimento giurisdizionale straniero; in tali ipotesi sorge un problema di coordinamento tra le diverse discipline potenzialmente applicabili e, segnatamente, tra le norme processuali dell’ordinamento d’origine e le norme processuali dell’ordinamento in cui s’intende far valere la decisione.
Quando, poi, s’intenda considerare l’operatività del principio della res judicata nel contesto dell’arbitrato commerciale internazionale, alle complessità appena illustrate si aggiungono le naturali incertezze che caratterizzano tale mezzo di risoluzione delle controversie. In particolare, assumono rilievo le differenti possibili rappresentazioni del fenomeno arbitrale; coloro che concepiscono l’arbitrato commerciale internazionale come un ordinamento giuridico indipendente e separato dagli ordinamenti statali, affermano la necessità di adottare un approccio autonomo al problema giudicato e, in particolare, di elaborare un insieme coerente di regole transnazionali che permetta di risolvere le questioni sollevate dall’applicazione della teoria in esame nel contesto arbitrale. Al contrario, chi ritiene che gli arbitri esercitino sempre il loro potere giurisdizionale nell’ambito di un ordinamento giuridico nazionale affermano la necessità di individuare una norma di conflitto che consenta di identificare le regole processuali di origine statale applicabili del giudicato. Entrambi tali approcci, per ragioni diverse, presentano rilevanti profili di criticità e non possono ritenersi pienamente soddisfacenti.
Nel presente studio si suggerisce, allora, l’adozione di una prospettiva più pragmatica nella considerazione delle problematiche sollevata dall’applicazione della res judicata nel contesto arbitrale. In particolare, si propone una differenziazione tra le ipotesi in cui l’invocazione di una precedente decisione sottenda un’obiezione alla giurisdizione del tribunale arbitrale e le ipotesi in cui essa rilevi ai fini dell’ammissibilità delle domande e delle eccezioni formulate dalle parti.
Nel primo caso, il mancato riconoscimento di una decisione che sottenda un’obiezione alla giurisdizione del tribunale arbitrale porterebbe, con grande probabilità, all’annullamento o al diniego di riconoscimento del lodo e, pertanto, a un inutile aggravio dei costi di lite. Di conseguenza il tribunale dovrebbe adottare un approccio conforme alle regole previste nell’ordinamento della sede.
Laddove, invece, l’invocazione di un precedente giudicato sollevi questioni attinenti all’ammissibilità della domanda, di regola tali problematiche dovrebbero essere disciplinate dalle norme dell’ordinamento in cui ha sede la procedura arbitrale e, in particolare, dalle norme di diritto processuale civile internazionale che disciplinano il riconoscimento degli effetti dei provvedimenti giurisdizionali stranieri in tale ordinamento. Nondimeno, laddove la controversia presenti un elevato grado di transnazionalità e il legame con la sede della procedura sia oggettivamente molto tenue, al tribunale arbitrale potrebbe essere riconosciuta una maggiore flessibilità: gli arbitri potrebbero riconoscere tutti e i soli effetti originari del provvedimento giurisdizionale fatto valere in giudizio, nel rispetto, in ogni caso, dei principi di ordine pubblico dell’ordinamento in cui ha sede la procedura.The purpose of this doctoral dissertation is to explore the functioning of the res judicata doctrine in international commercial arbitration. The notion of res judicata refers to the final and binding nature of decisions rendered at the end of judicial proceedings and, as such, is an essential feature of every dispute resolution system, both at a domestic and at an international level. The role played by the doctrine of res judicata depends on a balance between conflicting values, such as the principle of procedural economy and efficiency on the one side, and the principle of due process, with specific regard to the parties’ rights to present their case and to be heard, on the other side. The definition of the scope and the effects of res judicata, therefore, raises complex issues, and the solution to these issues varies considerably between national legal systems. The differences between domestic laws are relevant also from a transnational perspective. If a challenge of res judicata is raised with respect to a foreign judgment, the judge has to determine whether to accept the original effects that the decision would have in the State in which it was rendered or to equalize the effects of the foreign judgment with the effects that are usually recognized to domestic decisions. Where a challenge of res judicata is raised before an international commercial arbitral tribunal, the lack of certainties concerning the application of conflict rules breeds even more complexities. Those authorities that represent international arbitration as an autonomous legal order suggest the adoption of a transnational approach to res judicata and recommend the development of a set of substantive transnational rules. Conversely, those who consider that the arbitral tribunal is strictly bound to the legal order of the seat of the procedure, suggest the application of a conflict of law rule, in order to identify the applicable domestic rules of res judicata. Both approaches, for different reasons, are not satisfactory. This dissertation suggests the adoption of a more pragmatic approach in the identification of the scope and the effects of res judicata in international commercial arbitration. To this purpose challenges of res judicata that raise issues of jurisdiction shall be clearly differentiated from challenges of res judicata that raise admissibility issues. Whenever issues of jurisdiction underpin a challenge of res judicata, the arbitral tribunal should adopt an approach coherent with the rules of the State of the seat. As a matter of fact, a violation of those rules could result in the annulment or the refusal of recognition of the award. Whenever issues of admissibility underpin a challenge of res judicata, as a rule the arbitral tribunal should apply the rules of the State of the seat and, specifically, the conflict of laws rules of the seat that regulate the recognition of foreign decisions. However, if the transnational nature of the arbitration is quite pronounced, and the procedure is not closely connected with any domestic legal systems, the arbitral tribunal might apply a «more transnational» approach. In any event, this approach shall not lead to the application of substantive transnational rules, but rather to the recognition of the original effects of the decisions invoked in the proceedings, except where the recognition of such effects violates the procedural public policy of the State of the seat.
4
Motto, Alessandro. "La compromettibilità delle controversie di impugnazione delle delibere assembleari." Doctoral thesis, Luiss Guido Carli, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11385/200765.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Impostazione del problema e critica alle tesi formulate in dottrina e giurisprudenza. I limiti oggettivi alla compromettibilità. La compromettibilità delle controversie di impugnazione delle delibere assembleari.
5
NORI, GIOVANNI MARIA. "L’Arbitrato ICSID e la tutela internazionale degli investimenti esteri. Il concetto di investimento estero.." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/273434.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Finalità e struttura dell’opera.
Mai come in questi ultimi anni si è discusso così spesso di investimenti esteri e dei connessi regimi normativi di incentivazione e disincentivazione. A partire dalla guerra commerciale dei Dazi ingaggiata tra Stati Uniti e Cina, fino agli accordi tra Italia e Cina sulla famigerata nuova via della seta, i temi del commercio internazionale e, più in particolare degli investimenti esteri sono tornati al centro dell’attenzione politica, mediatica ed economica. Perché non tornare dunque a parlarne anche sotto il profilo giuridico?
Sulla scia di questo rinvigorito global interest per gli investimenti esteri, il presente lavoro si pone il duplice obiettivo, da un lato di ricercare una definizione economicamente e giuridicamente attuale del concetto di investimento estero, dall’altro di indagare in merito alla necessità o meno di cristallizzare un concetto (quello di investimento estero) così ampio in una granitica definizione normativa.
Tali interessi di studio e approfondimento, che si collocano in un rapporto di specie a genere, oltre ad essere giustificati dal rinnovato interesse per il diritto internazionale degli investimenti, ritrovano fondamento nel fatto che la ricerca costante di una definizione è una attività che coinvolge ed impegna gli studiosi del diritto, di ogni settore, sin dalle più antiche elaborazioni del pensiero giuridico stesso.
Prendendo le mosse da tale “primordiale” interesse degli studiosi del diritto, occorre, però, dare atto che relativamente a tale questione dell’utilità o meno – per il diritto – di fissare un fatto/atto/situazione in una definizione, la letteratura giuridica si è sempre mostrata divisa, originandosi così diversi e contrapposti orientamenti dottrinali. Nel dettaglio, tale contrasto intestino che affligge la scienza giuridica, trova una (fra le tante) esemplare dimostrazione nella vaga, o in alcuni casi del tutto assente, definizione del concetto investimento estero.
Poste le basi che faranno da fondamenta del presente lavoro, si precisa che gran parte della questione sottesa alla ricerca, si lega inscindibilmente allo studio del testo della Convenzione di Washington del 18 marzo 1965 (Convention on the Settlement of Investment Disputes Between States and Nationals of Other States). In particolare, con detta Convenzione è stato introdotto, sotto l'egida della Banca Mondiale, il Centro ICSID (l'International Centre far the Settlement of Investment Disputes) ed è stata concessa cittadinanza giuridica ad un meccanismo sia conciliativo che arbitrale internazionale e amministrato dal Centro, per la soluzione delle liti sorte tra gli investitori stranieri e gli Stati ospitanti l’investimento estero.
In punto di disciplina, proprio per la predetta Convenzione, l’investimento estero rappresenta uno dei requisiti (rationae materiae) richiesti (oltre ad altri) al fine di poter adire la giurisdizione ICSID, poiché, ai sensi dell’art. 25 della Convenzione, i Tribunali arbitrali potranno pronunciarsi solamente in merito alle controversie giuridiche collegate direttamente ad un investimento estero. Ciò nonostante, nel testo della stessa Convenzione, per tutta una serie di ragioni (che si analizzeranno nel corso della presente ricerca), non si è voluto (anche se con opinioni contrastanti) introdurre una definizione del concetto di investimento estero.
Costituita l’intelaiatura dalla quale tale studio muoverà, prima di procedere alla trattazione del tema prescelto, si darà spazio, nel primo capitolo del lavoro, ad una necessaria premessa relativa al contesto storico-economico e ovviamente politico che ha fatto da cornice alle trattative e alla stipula della Convenzione.
A tal fine, il punto di partenza del presente scritto sarà quello di individuare le ragioni che hanno condotto la comunità internazionale a dotarsi di questo strumento di risoluzione delle controversie in materia di investimenti esteri e al contempo si tenterà di verificare le cause che invece hanno determinato il lento declino degli altri strumenti di tutela, come la protezione diplomatica e il ricorso alla giurisdizione nazionale dello Stato ospitante l’investimento.
Fatta tale doverosa introduzione si proverà, nel secondo capitolo del lavoro, a tracciare le principali caratteristiche del Centro e dell’arbitrato in esame, e relativamente a questo ultimo si cercherà di evidenziare la natura dello stesso e i tratti salienti che lo distinguono da qualsiasi altro mezzo di risoluzione alternativo delle controversie in tema di investimenti esteri.
Conseguentemente, si passerà alla trattazione principale del presente scritto, la quale, si svilupperà nel terzo e quarto capitolo e si incentrerà sulla messa a fuoco di una (possibile) definizione economicamente e giuridicamente attuale del concetto di investimento estero.
A tal fine, in prima battuta, si tenterà di individuare le acquisizioni delle diverse dottrine, nel diritto internazionale dell’economia, inerenti al concetto di investimento. In particolare, prendendo le mosse da tali osservazioni, e preso atto della polivalenza della nozione di investimento, si analizzerà il significato di tale concetto secondo la teoria economica, tentando, al contempo, di delineare il ruolo che l’investimento estero ricopre nel processo di sviluppo economico dei Paesi in via di sviluppo e non, andando ad individuare quali possano essere gli interessi delle Parti, investitore privato e Stato ospitante l’investimento, sottesi a tale tipo di operazioni economiche.
In seconda battuta, si cercherà di individuare la definizione “giuridica” del termine investimento, applicando la teoria del cd. double keyhole approach. In tal guisa, si prenderanno in analisi anzitutto le definizioni di investimento contenute nelle varie national investment laws, BITs (bilateral investment treaties) e MITs (multilateral investment treaties). Dopodiché si proverà ad individuare quello che, ai sensi del sistema giuridico ICSID, può essere considerato un investimento, alla luce di quanto disposto in primo luogo dalla Convenzione e dal suo Preambolo, e in secondo luogo dalla ricca ed eterogenea “giurisprudenza” arbitrale formatasi su tale materia.
Dal punto di vista metodologico, tale indagine verrà condotta confrontando in modo dialettico, da una parte, i principi espressi nelle pronunce arbitrali e dall’altra parte i contributi dottrinali, tutto ciò al fine di ricostruire una nozione di investimento estero che sia coerente con l’attuale sistema economico-giuridico. Tale approccio di studio risulta essere essenziale in quanto, come noto, il concetto di investimento è per sua stessa natura fortemente legato, contemporaneamente, sia al sistema economico in cui questo realizza i suoi effetti sia al sistema giuridico quale elemento regolatore del mercato e del sistema economico stesso. Di conseguenza, al mutare di questi due fattori chiave, muta anche il concetto di investimento, il quale si sottolinea, essere per l’appunto un concetto non astorico e pertanto sensibile a tutti gli eventi di natura economica e giuridica che coinvolgono il mercato e gli operatori che in questo ultimo operano.Purpose and structure of the work. Never before have foreign investments and related regulatory incentive and disincentive regimes been discussed so often as in recent years. Starting from the trade war of the Tariffs engaged between the United States and China, up to the agreements between Italy and China on the infamous new Silk Road, the issues of international trade and, more specifically, foreign investment have returned to the center of political, media and economic attention
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Muntañola, Alfonso Gómez-Acebo. "Party-appointed arbitrators in international commercial arbitration." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2013. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/26984.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis is a study of the system of party-appointed arbitrators in international commercial arbitration: an attempt to provide a comprehensive assessment of the system, in which the main questions about it are addressed and a set of answers to those questions is offered. The assessment takes a three-pronged approach: historical, theoretical and empirical. It includes an historical analysis of unilateral nominations, a theoretical assessment of how the system presently works and a comparative empirical study of challenges of arbitrators in ICC practice. The theoretical assessment of the system of unilateral appointments is a critical analysis of arbitration rules, laws, case law, other authors' reflections on the system and other written materials (such as, for instance, the works of the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law and of the International Bar Association). This assessment addresses many questions, including, amongst others: the limits to the right of the parties to make unilateral appointments, the risks to the principle of equality of the parties in the constitution of the arbitral tribunal in certain situations (e.g. multiparty arbitrations, consolidation, joinder), the specific problems of bias in tribunals with party-appointed members, the repeat appointments of an arbitrator by the same party or counsel, the question of whether a different standard of impartiality and independence in party-appointed arbitrators makes any sense, the presumption that party-appointed arbitrators can do things that presiding arbitrators cannot (e.g. the so-called 'special role' of party-appointed arbitrators and certain unilateral communications between appointors and appointees) and the question of whether it is worth keeping the system of unilateral appointments as the default method for the constitution of multiple-member tribunals. The study also includes some suggestions on how to improve the system, namely in order to increase the trust of each party in the arbitrator appointed by the other party and to allow an accurate match between what arbitration end-users may want from party-appointed arbitrators and what they ultimately get.
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Alhadidi, Ismaeel. "Arbitrage commercial international et politiques étatiques en matière commerciale : l'exemple du droit de la concurrence." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0296.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Il est admis que l’arbitrage international est impliqué dans l’assurance des politiques étatiques. Les droits nationaux contiennent des dispositions édictées en vue de protéger les intérêts étatiques et l’arbitre se trouve souvent amené à se prononcer sur une question qui met en jeu ces intérêts. Une telle opération n’est envisageable que si la matière en question est arbitrable. La question qui se pose est celle de savoir quelles sont les limites de l’arbitre dans la protection et l’assurance des politiques étatiques. En réalité plusieurs branches du Droit ont pour finalité d’assurer les politiques étatiques. A titre d’exemple, le droit de la propriété intellectuelle, le droit des sociétés, le droit de l’investissement et le droit de la concurrence peuvent être cités. Ce dernier constitue une bonne illustration des politiques étatiques. En effet, quand l’arbitre se charge de la mise en œuvre du droit de la concurrence, il est en train d’assurer le respect des politiques étatiques de l’Etat concerné.De ce fait, l’interaction entre l’arbitrage international et les ordres juridiques est devenue une réalité. Cette réalité procède de l’arbitrabilité des matières relevant de l’ordre public des Etats. Certains d'entre eux reconnaissent l’arbitrabilité des litiges intéressant l’ordre public comme le droit de la concurrence. D'autres n’acceptent pas que l’arbitre tranche ce type de litiges.La question de l’arbitrabilité objective nous conduit à étudier les différentes interactions entre l’arbitrage international et les politiques étatiques. Dans le cadre de cette étude, nous nous livrerons à l'étude des manifestations de cette interaction et des limites que l’arbitre doit considérer, du fait que la matière assurant des politiques étatiques, y compris le droit de la concurrence, n'est pas entièrement sujette à l’arbitrageThis study aims to delimit the intensity of the engagement of arbitrators in protecting state interests when it comes to commercial disputes. These interests will be studied under the title of policies because the arbitrator will be enforced sometimes to make an interest prevail over another and the latter will be considered as a policy that deserve a protection. Therefore, we will try to look at the policies that arbitrator cannot scarify and the others that he can do scarify.In one hand, there are some zones that arbitrator must respect without having the possibility to evaluate, which will lead us to examine the question of arbitrability. In the other hand, there are many zones where he can impose his own appreciation. In order to strengthen his position the arbitrator will not hesitate to refer to international law if he chooses to not take into account a national law.The absence of precise rules governing arbitration results in controversial doctrinal positions on the interaction between arbitration and state policies. We will try to clarify these positions and drew the consequences of this situation.Despite the internationality of the arbitration, the national law and the national judge are indispensable for the success of the arbitration. That is to say that the arbitrator is required to pay attention to the policies of the states and decide how he will not ignore them. The states, in return, must put their trust in the arbitrator and rely on him to successfully meet the challenge of state policies
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Othman, Adel. "Le rôle de l'arbitrage commercial international dans le règlement des différends des contrats d'investissements pétroliers." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS091.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
L'arbitrage est considéré comme l'un des principaux moyens alternatifs de règlement des contentieux nés des contrats de commerce international, dont notamment les contrats d'investissements pétroliers. Il bénéficie en effet de la confiance et du soutien des sociétés étrangères opérant dans le secteur de la mise en valeur des richesses pétrolières. On observe un regain d'intérêt pour l'arbitrage aux plans international et étatique. Au plan international, de nombreuses conventions relatives à l'arbitrage ont été conclues et des institutions d'arbitrage à caractère international ont été créées avec pour mission de régler les contentieux que les parties concernées sont convenues de résoudre par voie d'arbitrage. Ces institutions ont élaboré leurs règlements d'arbitrage en tant que cadres juridiques offert au règlement des contentieux qui leur sont soumis. Elles mettent à jour leurs règlements de façon régulière afin de se conformer aux évolutions constantes que connaît l'arbitrage. Au plan national, la plupart des législateurs s'efforcent, dans les États qui se préoccupent du développement de la justice arbitrale, d'en accompagner les évolutions, en promulguant des lois nouvelles ou en mettant à jour celles qui régissent déjà l'arbitrage. Il en va de même pour les tribunaux étatiques qui partagent cette préoccupation et qui s'efforcent de pallier les manques ou de remédier par l'interprétation aux ambiguïtés qui obscurcissent le sens des dispositions législatives relatives à l'arbitrage. Nous avons donc choisi d'aborder certaines des problématiques que soulève l'arbitrage, et de le faire en prenant pour illustration de cette étude les contrats d'investissements pétroliers. Ces derniers comptent en effet parmi les contrats de commerce international les plus importants, du fait du caractère stratégique du pétrole lui-même qui est une denrée tout autant politique que commerciale. L'objectif de cette recherche est de cerner la définition des contrats d'investissements pétroliers, en caractérisant leur nature juridique et les formes juridiques qu'ils prennent. D'autre part, il conviendra de se pencher sur les principales questions soulevées par l'arbitrage relativement à ces contrats, - que ce soit à la phase de conclusion de l'accord sur l'arbitrage, en déterminant la relation qu'entretient la convention d'arbitrage avec le contrat principal ainsi que les effets juridiques produits par la convention d'arbitrage ainsi que les conséquences qu'il faut tirer de la présence, parmi les parties, de l’État producteur ou de l'un de ses démembrements,- ou à la phase de l'instance arbitrale en examinant, entre autres problématiques centrales, la question de la détermination du droit applicable à la procédure arbitrale et celle de la détermination du droit applicable au fond du litigeArbitration is considered a major alternative means of dispute settlement born of international trade agreements, including the oil investment contracts. It benefits from the trust and support of foreign companies operating in the sector of the development of oil wealth. There is renewed interest in international arbitration and state plans. Internationally, many conventions were concluded arbitration and arbitration in international institutions were created with the task of settling disputes that the parties have agreed to resolve by arbitration. These institutions have developed their arbitration rules as legal frameworks offered to the settlement of disputes submitted to them. They update their regularly regulations to conform to the constant developments affecting the arbitration. Nationally, most legislators are working in the States concerned with the development of arbitral justice, to support changes, by enacting new laws or updating those that already govern the arbitration. It's the same for state courts who share this concern and striving to fill the gaps or correct the interpretation ambiguities that obscure the meaning of the statutory provisions relating to arbitration. We have therefore chosen to address some of the issues raised by arbitration, and do so by taking for illustration of this study the oil investment contracts. These have indeed among the contracts of international trade the most important, because of the strategic nature of oil itself is a commodity just as much political as commercial. The objective of this research is to identify the definition of oil investment contracts, characterizing their legal nature and the legal forms they take. On the other hand, should be to address the main issues raised by the relatively arbitration to these contracts,- Whether the phase of concluding the agreement on arbitration, determining the relationship of the arbitration agreement with the main contract and the legal effects of the arbitration agreement and the consequences to be drawn from the presence among the parties, the producer State or one of its branches,- Or phase of the arbitration proceedings by examining, among other central issues, the question of determining the law applicable to the arbitration proceedings and that of determining the law applicable to the substance of the dispute
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Morchid, Tariq. "Efficacité d’exécution des Sentences Arbitrales dans les pays arabes." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CERG0643.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
L'arbitrage commercial est un mode de règlement de différends qui présente des avantages et qui permet d'obtenir une solution alternative qui offre, en théorie, l'avantage d'une justice plus rapide, moins onéreuse et surtout plus discrète. Il faut citer aussi la recherche, par le recours à l'arbitrage, d'un juge plus qualifié. Or, on constate, parfois, que la procédure arbitrale se juridictionnalise et se juridiciarise. Ainsi si la volonté des parties reste déterminante à plusieurs niveaux : (choix de l'arbitre, choix du droit applicable, choix de la procédure etc.), il arrive un moment où l'une des parties se voit obligée de faire appel à la justice étatique pour apposer à la sentence arbitrale le sceau de la force exécutoire reconnu au jugement.Sur le plan pratique, l'exécution est l'étape la plus importante de l'arbitrage car elle est la mesure de l'efficacité de cette institution, elle est aussi un moment paradoxal sur le plan théorique. Œuvre d'un juge privé, la sentence arbitrale est confrontée aux ordres juridiques étatiques.Cette phase ultime de la procédure arbitrale est le plus souvent spontanée. Les statistiques diverses s'accordent à reconnaitre que dans la plus grande majorité des cas 90% à 95% des sentences arbitrales sont exécutées sans difficultés.Pour les 5 ou 10% restants, il est nécessaire d'avoir recours à la force coercitive des Etats dans lesquels l'exécution est poursuivie et, à cet égard, les conventions facilitant la reconnaissance et l'exécution des sentences arbitrales étrangères, en l'occurrence celle de New York du 10Juin 1958 ratifiée par 135 pays, a joué et joue encore un rôle fondamental.De ce fait le passage du volontaire au forcé s'avère indispensable chaque fois que l'une des parties refuse de se soumettre à la décision de l'arbitre.Il nous parait très utile d'aborder, primo dans un chapitre préliminaire les conventions internationales ainsi que les instruments internationaux facultatifs facilitant l'exécution des sentences arbitrales, secundo les techniques conditions et effets de la mise en exécution de la sentence arbitrale, tertio les obstacles que cette dernière peut rencontrer au niveau de son exécution, ce qui nous amène à poser les questions suivantes :Quel est le rôle joué par les conventions internationales pour faciliter la reconnaissance et l'exécution des sentences arbitrales internationales ?Le recours aux juridictions étatiques pour l'exequatur, peut-il remettre en cause la finalité principale du choix de l'arbitrage comme mode alternatif ?Peut-on alors douter ou remettre en cause l'aspect volontaire ou spontané dans l'exécution de la sentence arbitrale ?Et enfin quels sont les écueils que l'on pourra rencontrer au niveau de ce stade de la procédure arbitrale qu'est l'exécution de la sentence ?Efficiency of execution of the Arbitration Awards in Arab countries
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Almahmoud, Hussam. "L'arbitrage commercial international et les opérations bancaires : étude à la lumière des droits syrien et égyptien." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0123.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
La pratique des affaires révèle le succès que connait l’arbitrage comme mode de résolution des différends. Cette forme de justice, promue par d’importantes conventions internationales et régionales, est reconnue et encouragée par de nombreuses législations nationales. Les Républiques arabes syrienne et égyptienne ne sont pas en reste. Elles se sont dotées de textes importants et modernes qui visent à assurer l’efficacité du processus arbitral et à créer un terrain favorable au développement de ce type de règlement des différends. Pourtant en dépit d’un contexte législatif favorable, les opérateurs du secteur bancaire de ces républiques sont encore réticents à recourir à cette forme de justice. Or si ce constat trouve sans doute quelques justifications s’agissant du contentieux né de la mise en œuvre d’opérations purement internes, il est plus surprenant de l’observer s’agissant d’opérations qui se déploient dans l’ordre international. L’objet de l’étude est donc de souligner les perspectives offertes par les nouveaux dispositifs. En premier lieu c’est la question de « l’accès à l’arbitrage » qui se trouve explorée. Au-delà de cette problématique première, il fallait encore examiner la manière dont ces dispositifs nationaux encadrent « la justice arbitrale » au stade de l’instance comme à celui des recours ouverts à l’encontre de la sentenceThe practice of business reveals the success of arbitration as a means of resolving disputes. This form of justice, promoted by important international and regional conventions, is recognized and encouraged by many national legislations. The Syrian and Egyptian Arab Republics are not so left behind this way. They have adopted important and modern texts which aimed at ensuring the effectiveness of the arbitration process and creating a favorable environment for the development of this type of dispute settlement. Yet despite a favorable legislative context, banking operators in these republics are still reluctant to resort to this form of justice. Although this resume may be justified in the case of disputes arising from the implementation of so purely internal operations, it is surprising to observe it in the case of operations which are deployed in the international order. The object of the study is therefore to highlight the prospects offered by the new legal provisions. At first, the question of "access to arbitration" is explored. Going beyond this first problem, it was still necessary to examine the way in which these national provisions frame "arbitral justice" at the stage of the proceedings as well as at the level of appeals available against the award
Книги з теми "Arbitrato commerciale"
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Frignani, Aldo. L' arbitrato commerciale internazionale: Una prospettiva comparatistica. Padova: CEDAM, 2004.
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2
International Chamber of Commerce. International Court of Arbitration., ed. The arbitral process and the independence of arbitrators =: La procédure arbitrale et l'indépendance des arbitres. Paris: ICC Pub., 1991.
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3
Juozas, Šatas, and Lietuvos Teisininkų draugija, eds. Vilnius International Commercial Arbitration (VICA): Rules, costs, arbitrators. Vilnius: Lithuanian Lawyersʹ Association, 1997.
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4
Wachsmuth, Robert W. College of Commercial Arbitrators guide to best practices in commercial arbitration. Edited by College of Commercial Arbitrators. 2nd ed. Huntington, N.Y: Juris, 2010.
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5
Gerald, Aksen, and Institute of International Business Law and Practice., eds. Arbitration and expertise =: Arbitrage et expertise. Paris, France: International Chamber of Commerce, Institute of International Business Law and Practice, 1994.
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6
Asłanowicz, Marcin. Pozycja prawna arbitra w arbitrażu handlowym. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo C.H. Beck, 2015.
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7
1944-, Gottwald Peter, ed. Internationale Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit =: Arbitrage international = International arbitration. Bielefeld: Gieseking-Verlag, 1997.
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8
Nouraei, Jahanbakhsh. Commercial arbitration. Tehran: Iran Chamber of Commerce, Industries and Mines, 1998.
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B, Dorter John, ed. Commercial arbitration. Sydney: Law Book Co., 1986.
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10
Oehmke, Thomas H. Commercial arbitration. Rochester, N.Y: Lawyers Co-operative Pub. Co., 1987.
Знайти повний текст джерелаЧастини книг з теми "Arbitrato commerciale"
1
Zhang, Kaiqiang. "Challenges of Arbitrators in Inter-State Cases: A Different Cattle of Fish?" In Cofola International 2021, 235–74. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-8639-2021-9.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Compared to those in international commercial and investment arbitration, arbitrator-challenge practi-ces in inter-state cases are abnormally rare. The reasons behind the asymmetric practices include the ideology towards the role of arbitrators (authority vs. expertise), the effectiveness of enforcement (whether the award can be executed in domestic courts or whether there exist preconditions), and the unique structure and function of the specific tribunals. By virtue of illustrating the rules and practi-ces of the ad hoc tribunal established under Annex VII of the United States Convention on the Law of the Sea, the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal, and the International Court of Justice, the current standard, “justifiable doubts to the impartiality and independence of arbitrators”, is not interpreted uniformly and somehow unreasonable. To overcome the phenomenon of fragmentation and other problems, the arbitrator-challenge rules in inter-state disputes should not be treated differently and should be harmonized with rules and case laws developed in international commercial and investment arbitration.
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Zabloudilová, Kateřina. "Regulation of Arbitration Agreements Under New York Convention." In Cofola International 2021, 326–44. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-8639-2021-12.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Subjects of international commercial transactions conclude arbitration agreements that are governed by New York Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards. This article aims to analyze the regulation of arbitration agreements under New York Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards. This includes the understanding of an arbitration agreement itself and the requirements for its formal and material validity. Moreover, the Czech Regulation of arbitration agreements will be considered.
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Odynski, Kirsten, and Héloïse Broc. "Commercial Arbitration." In The Environment Through the Lens of International Courts and Tribunals, 351–79. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-507-2_12.
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4
Várady, Tibor. "Determining the Language of Arbitration and Ordering Translation by the Arbitrators After the Constitution of the Arbitral Tribunal." In Language and Translation in International Commercial Arbitration, 61–80. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-509-4_3.
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Vlček, Filip. "Applicability of Rome I Regulation in International Commercial Arbitration." In Universal, Regional, National – Ways of the Development of Private International Law in 21st Century, 350–65. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9497-2019-16.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This contribution to the conference proceedings aims to describe the current views on the applicability of the Regulation on the law applicable to contractual obligations (Rome I Regulation) in international commercial arbitration. By means of literature review, the author introduces the arguments in favour and against its binding application before the arbitral tribunals. Furthermore, the author explains the consequences of its (non)application by an example of Czech law. Finally, the author draws attention to the difficulty of the proper application of EU law in arbitration on account of the Nordsee case.
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Andrews, Neil. "International Commercial Arbitration." In Ius Gentium: Comparative Perspectives on Law and Justice, 217–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74832-0_9.
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Shcherbyna, Yevhen. "International Arbitration and Blockchain: Current State, Types, Characteristics and the Future Perspective." In Cofola International 2021, 46–79. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-8639-2021-2.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The paper is devoted to the issues of the interplay of modern technologies such as blockchain and smart contracts with commercial arbitration: how these can be utilized together to achieve even more flexibility when it comes to the resolution of disputes that might occur between the involved parties. The emphasis is made on the so-called ‘on-chain arbitration’ that represents the technological soluti-ons that offer blockchain-based dispute resolution – an alternative to conventional commercial arbitra-tion. The pros and cons of the technology are covered in-depth.
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Hiroshi, Oda. "5 Impartiality and Independence of Arbitrators and Arbitral Institutions." In Russian Arbitration Law and Practice. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198712442.003.0005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This chapter assesses the concept of impartiality and independence. The Law on International Commercial Arbitration provides that the potential candidate for the appointment of an arbitrator must disclose any circumstances that may cause a well-grounded doubt regarding his impartiality or independence in writing. In cases where the competent court, appoints an arbitrator, in the absence of the agreement between the parties, the court must ensure that an independent and impartial arbitrator is appointed. Independence and impartiality in Russia are not issues limited to arbitrators. The core of the issue is the independence and impartiality of arbitral institutions.Independence is understood to be an objective state of an arbitrator in the absence of any relationship with a person or circumstances which affect the arbitrator’s decision. Impartiality means that the arbitrator is not, directly or indirectly, interested in the outcome of the case and does not have preference or other prejudice in relation to a party, his representative, expert, or witness. Russian courts have ruled on the impartiality and independence of arbitrators as well as arbitral institutions in an inconsistent manner. In 2010, the International Court of Commercial Arbitration (MKAS) adopted a document entitled Rules on Impartiality and Independence of Arbitrators. Apart from being a guidance for arbitrators and the parties, this document is expected to give guidance to the courts when facing an application for setting aside an award and the refusal of recognition and enforcement of awards of international commercial arbitration on the grounds of the absence of impartiality and independence.
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Antje, Baumann. "Part III Arbitral Rules, 16 Rules of Arbitration of the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)." In Practitioner's Handbook on International Commercial Arbitration. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198784807.003.0016.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This chapter discusses the arbitration rules of the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC). It begins with a background on the ICC International Court of Arbitration, with emphasis on its role in the development of international commercial arbitration. It then examines the 2017 ICC Arbitration Rules, citing some relevant figures related to ICC arbitration for the year 2017, including the number of parties involved in cases, the arbitral tribunals, and awards rendered by arbitral tribunals. Figures on other ICC dispute resolution rules are also given. The chapter concludes with a commentary of Articles 1–42 of the ICC Arbitration Rules, which cover topics such as definitions; time limits for written notifications or communications; request for arbitration and the respondent’s counterclaims to such a request; effect of the arbitration agreement; constitution of the arbitral tribunal; appointment, confirmation, challenge, and replacement of arbitrators; and rules of law applicable to the arbitral proceedings.
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Martin F, Gusy, Hosking James M, and Schwarz Franz T. "Part III Arbitral Rules, 18 The International Centre for Dispute Resolution (ICDR) Rules." In Practitioner's Handbook on International Commercial Arbitration. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198784807.003.0018.
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This chapter discusses the international arbitration rules of the International Centre for Dispute Resolution (‘ICDR’), the international arm of the American Arbitration Association (‘AAA’). It first provides a background on the AAA and the ICDR before analysing the ICDR’s International Dispute Resolution Procedures and the significant revisions to the ICDR Rules. It then offers a commentary on some key Articles of the ICDR Rules and explains how the ICDR Rules differ from those of other arbitral institutions. The comments particularly highlight the 2014 amendments and cover topics such as the scope of the ICDR Rules; joinder and consolidation; appointment of the arbitral tribunal; arbitral jurisdiction; arbitral awards, orders, decisions and rulings; and costs of arbitration. The chapter concludes with an overview of other important AAA/ICDR innovations, rules and practices, including those with regard to international expedited procedures, administrative conferences, appointment and qualifications of the arbitrator, and the arbitral award.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Arbitrato commerciale"
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Sayın, Uğur. "International Commercial Arbitration Institutes." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c04.00808.
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Because of exportation and importation of countries, the amount of commerce enlarged, therefore foreign agreements increased. Because of having differnet law systems of the contries the people, working on permanent investment and commerce wishes to have the suitable arbitration that they want.From this point of view, begining from the year 1898, It has been worked on to develop contraptions do international authorized commercial court’s duty. Then permanent arbitration council was established, Cenevre Convention, New York Convention was established, and the rules of international arbitration called UNCITRAL was constituted. The countries which are the contracting parties of these agreements, agreed that the implement of rules on their own domestic law systems. In addition, they delegated compulsory execution for these rules. Beside this, to organise the international commercial arbitration, countries and private institues are founded arbitration institues. Today there are hundereds of international commercial arbitration institues, which are called as the same name of their city’s, the most favorite and their woking systems are explaned.
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CHAUHAN, NIDHI, and MAHANAND KUMAR. "INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL ARBITRATION: ITS INTERNATIONALITY AND COMMERCIALITY." In 2nd Annual International Conference on Law, Regulations and Public Policy (LRPP 2013). Global Science and Technology Forum Pte Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2251-3809_lrpp13.26.
Повний текст джерела
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"The Role of Electronic Commercial Arbitration in the resolution of Commercial Disputes." In Sept. 17-19, 2018 Paris (France). Excellence in Research & Innovation, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17758/eirai4.f0918414.
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Sun, Ying, and Yingjie Tu. "An Introduction to the Japan Commercial Arbitration Association and JCAA Arbitration Rules." In Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Education, Culture and Social Sciences (ECSS 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ecss-19.2019.65.
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"Research on Transparency Reform of International Commercial Arbitration." In 2017 International Conference on Frontiers in Educational Technologies and Management Sciences. Francis Academic Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.25236/fetms.2017.072.
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Komilzhonov, Rafael', and Yuliya Ivanova. "Problems of recognition and enforcement of international commercial arbitration decisions." In Current problems of jurisprudence. ru: Publishing Center RIOR, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/02058-6/182-186.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article analyzes the problematic aspects of recognition and enforcement of international commercial arbitration decisions on the territory of the Russian Federation. It is noted the complexity and lack of procedural guarantees for the parties to the dispute to implement the arbitration award. It is concluded that it is necessary to remove obstacles to the rapid and effective execution of commercial arbitration decisions.
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Garajová, Michaela. "PUNITIVE DAMAGES – A RISING STAR IN INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL ARBITRATION?" In 3rd Law & Political Science Conference, Lisbon. International Institute of Social and Economic Sciences, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.20472/lpc.2018.003.003.
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Ağaoğlu, Cahit. "Problems of Turkish and Foreign Construction Companies on the Fidic Arbitration Rules." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c08.01954.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
FIDIC rules are generally accepted as standard contract for construction projects in international commercial practice. Disputes arising from standard agreements are often referred to as international arbitration rules. However, at the beginning of the difficulties encountered in the arbitration proceedings under the FIDIC Rules at the international arbitration institutions, the question is whether the engineer is impartial. On the other hand, the fact that the Dispute Adjudication Board (DAB) has been used effectively is also an important issue. It has been revealed through the case-law that the adoption of the FIDIC Rules by the domestic laws of the parties has not yet reached the desired stage. Aside from the fact that arbitral awards are confronted with public authority during the enforcement phase, there are also difficulties of parallel proceedings that national courts have resorted to legal proceedings although there is an agreement involving arbitration clauses. The protection of the investor, the equitable treatment of the investor and the protection against expropriation are all on the agenda and a direct link can be established between FIDIC and Bilateral Investment Treaties.
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Gao, Yifang. "A Brief Analysis of Party Autonomy in International Commercial Arbitration." In 2021 International Conference on Social Science:Public Administration, Law and International Relations (SSPALIR 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210916.018.
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Prawirayuda, G. A. "Concept of International Commercial Arbitration Practice in the Russian Federation." In Научные тенденции: Юриспруденция. ЦНК МОАН, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/spc-20-01-2018-10.
Повний текст джерелаЗвіти організацій з теми "Arbitrato commerciale"
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Droby, Samir, Joseph W. Eckert, Shulamit Manulis, and Rajesh K. Mehra. Ecology, Population Dynamics and Genetic Diversity of Epiphytic Yeast Antagonists of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits. United States Department of Agriculture, October 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7568777.bard.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
One of the emerging technologies is the use of microbial agents for the control of postharvest diseases of fruits and vegetables. A number of antagonistic microorganisms have been discovered which have the potential to effectively control postharvest diseases. Some of this technology has been patented and commercial products such as AspireTM (Ecogen Corporatin, Langhorne, PA, USA), Biosave 10TM and Biosave 11TM (Ecoscience Inc., Worchester, MA, USA) have been registered for commercial use. The principal investigator of this project was involved in developing the yeast-based biofungicide-AspireTM and testing its efficacy under commercial conditions. This research project was initiated to fill the gap between the knowledge available on development and commercial implementation of yeast biocontrol agents and basic understanding of various aspects related to introducing yeast antagonists to fruit surfaces, along with verification of population genetics. The main objectives of this study were: Study ecology, population dynamics and genetic diversity of the yeast antagonists Candida guilliermondii, C. oleophila, and Debaryomyces hansenii, and study the effect of preharvest application of the yeast antagonist C. oleophila naturally occurring epiphytic microbial population and on the development of postharvest diseases of citrus fruit during storage. Our findings, which were detailed in several publications, have shown that an epiphytic yeast population of grapefruit able to grow under high osmotic conditions and a wide range of temperatures was isolated and characterized for its biocontrol activity against green mold decay caused by Penicillium digitatum. Techniques based on random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and arbitrary primed polymerase chain reaction (ap-PCR), as well as homologies between sequences of the rDNA internal transcribed spacers (ITS) and 5.8S gene, were used to characterize the composition of the yeast population and to determine the genetic relationship among predominant yeast species. Epiphytic yeasts exhibiting the highest biocontrol activity against P. digitatum on grapefruit were identified as Candida guilliermondii, C. oleophila, C. sake, and Debaryomyces hansenii, while C. guilliermondii was the most predominant species. RAPD and ap-PCR analysis of the osmotolerant yeast population showed two different, major groups. The sequences of the ITS regions and the 5.8S gene of the yeast isolates, previously identified as belonging to different species, were found to be identical. Following the need to develop a genetically marked strain of the yeast C. oleophila, to be used in population dynamics studies, a transformation system for the yeast was developed. Histidine auxotrophy of C. oloephila produced using ethyl methanesulfonate were transformed with plasmids containing HIS3, HIS4 and HIS5 genes from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In one mutant histidin auxotrophy was complemented by the HIS5 gene of S. cerevisiae is functionally homologous to the HIS5 gene in V. oleophila. Southern blot analysis showed that the plasmid containing the S. cerevisiae HIS5 gene was integrated at a different location every C. oleophila HIS+ transformant. There were no detectable physiological differences between C. oleophila strain I-182 and the transformants. The biological control ability of C. oleophila was not affected by the transformation. A genetically marked (with b-glucuronidase gene) transformant of C. oleophila colonized wounds on orange fruits and its population increased under field conditions. Effect of preharvest application of the yeast C. oleophila on population dynamics of epiphytic microbial population on wounded and unwounded grapefruit surface in the orchard and after harvest was also studied. In addition, the effect of preharvest application of the yeast C. oleophila on the development of postharvest decay was evaluated. Population studies conducted in the orchard showed that in control, non-treated fruit, colonization of wounded and unwounded grapefruit surface by naturally occurring filamentous fungi did not vary throughout the incubation period on the tree. On the other hand, colonization of intact and wounded fruit surface by naturally occurring yeasts was different. Yeasts colonized wounded surface rapidly and increased in numbers to about two orders of magnitude as compared to unwounded surface. On fruit treated with the yeast and kept on the tree, a different picture of fungal and yeast population had emerged. The detected fungal population on the yeast-treated intact surface was dramatically reduced and in treated wounds no fungi was detected. Yeast population on intact surface was relatively high immediately after the application of AspireTM and decreased to than 70% of that detected initially. In wounds, yeast population increased from 2.5 x 104 to about 4x106 after 72 hours of incubation at 20oC. Results of tests conducted to evaluate the effect of preharvest application of AspireTM on the development of postharvest decay indicated the validity of the approach.