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Статті в журналах з теми "Antineoplastic agents Safety measures"
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Griggs, Jennifer J., Kari Bohlke, Edward P. Balaban, James J. Dignam, Evan T. Hall, R. Donald Harvey, Diane P. Hecht, et al. "Appropriate Systemic Therapy Dosing for Obese Adult Patients With Cancer: ASCO Guideline Update." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 18 (June 20, 2021): 2037–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.21.00471.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
PURPOSE To provide recommendations for appropriate dosing of systemic antineoplastic agents in obese adults with cancer. METHODS A systematic review of the literature collected evidence regarding dosing of chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapies in obese adults with cancer. PubMed and the Cochrane Library were searched for randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, or cohort studies published from November 1, 2010, through March 27, 2020. ASCO convened an Expert Panel to review the evidence and formulate recommendations. RESULTS Sixty studies, primarily retrospective, were included in the review. Overall, the evidence supported previous findings that obese adult patients tolerate full, body-size–based dosing of chemotherapy as well as nonobese patients. Fewer studies have addressed the dosing of targeted therapies and immunotherapies in relation to safety and efficacy in obese patients. RECOMMENDATIONS The Panel continues to recommend that full, weight-based cytotoxic chemotherapy doses be used to treat obese adults with cancer. New to this version of the guideline, the Panel also recommends that full, approved doses of immunotherapy and targeted therapies be offered to obese adults with cancer. In the event of toxicity, the consensus of the Panel is that dose modifications of systemic antineoplastic therapies should be handled similarly for obese and nonobese patients. Important areas for future research include the impact of sarcopenia and other measures of body composition on optimal antineoplastic dosing, and more customized dosing based on pharmacokinetic or pharmacogenetic factors. Additional information is available at www.asco.org/supportive-care-guidelines .
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Silva, Trajano Felipe Barrabas Xavier da, Humberto Costa, and Marcelo Montebello Ribeiro. "Chemical risks that nurses are exposed in antineoplastic therapy services in a hospital setting: a systematic review protocol." Scientific Electronic Archives 14, no. 3 (February 26, 2021): 112–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.36560/14320211304.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Chemotherapy is a complex and highly specialized process that involves risk, and the success of the results largely depends on the nursing care provided to the patient. Contamination with antineoplastic chemotherapy can occur directly through the skin, membranes, mucous membranes and inhalation or indirectly through body fluids and excreta from patients who received medication within 72 hours. The effects of contamination may be immediate (dermatitis, skin hyperpigmentation and others) or late (partial alopecia, chromosomal abnormalities and increased risk of developing cancer), with risks arising from the inherent toxicity of the drug and the exposure time of individuals. antineoplastic agents. Indispensable care is required for the nursing staff in the administration of chemotherapy, in addition to the institutions providing adequate safety measures for the work of these professionals. Thus, a systematic review is proposed to obtain relevant information on these risks to plan appropriate future interventions to avoid related negative consequences. Thus, following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P), this systematic review protocol was designed to provide appropriate guidelines for the development of research that can provide results to meet the goal sought. Five databases will be accessed (SCOPUS, PubMed, Science Direct, EBSCOhost, and Web of Science) and a total of 9 keyword combinations will be used. This protocol is registered in PROSPERO under the code of PROSPERO CRD42019131696
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Benhabib, Amine, Saïd Ioughlissen, Christelle Ratignier-Carbonneil, and Patrick Maison. "The French reporting system for drug shortages: description and trends from 2012 to 2018: an observational retrospective study." BMJ Open 10, no. 3 (March 2020): e034033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034033.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ObjectivesThe aim was to provide figures for drug shortages in France and describe their characteristics, causes and trends between 2012 and 2018.MethodsData from the national reporting system from the Agency of Medicine and Health Product Safety (ANSM) was analysed. This database contains information regarding effective and predicted shortages of major therapeutic of interest drugs (ie, drugs whose shortage would be life-threatening or representing a loss of treatment opportunity for patients with a severe disease) which are mandatory reported by marketing authorisation holders to the ANSM. Data are presented as numbers or percentages of pharmaceutical products (ie, the product name and its formulation) reported on shortage between 2012 and 2018.ResultsThere were 3530 pharmaceutical products reported on shortage during the period, including 1833 different active substances. Drugs on shortage were mostly old products (63.4%) with national marketing authorisation procedures (62.8%), as well as injectable and oral forms (47.5% and 43.3%, respectively). Anti-infectives for systemic use ranked first (18%), followed by nervous and cardiovascular system drugs and by antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents (17.4%, 12.5% and 10.4%, respectively). The number of reported shortages presented a fourfold increase between 2012 and 2018 and a sharp rise in 2017 and 2018, along with a rise in the number of active substances on shortage. The therapeutic classes concerned remained similar over time. Manufacturing and material supply issues were the main reported reasons for the shortage each year (30%) and there was an overall rise of pharmaceutical market reasons.ConclusionDrug shortages were increasingly reported in France. Preventive measures should specifically target the products most on shortage, in particular old drugs, injectable, anti-infective, nervous system and cardiovascular system drugs as well as antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents.
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Healy, Regan, Deborah Passey, Derek Pinnell, Joshua Qualls, Clayton Hamilton, Zach Burningham, Elizabeth Tilley, Tanya Hood, Brian C. Sauer, and Ahmad Sami Halwani. "Veterans on anticancer medications in rural and community environment support (VA CARES) program: A pharmacist-led telemedicine medication management program for veterans receiving oral antineoplastic therapies through the MISSION Act." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): 1545. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.1545.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
1545 Background: Cancer therapies are leveraging oral targeted treatments over traditional cytotoxic chemotherapy (CT) at an increasing rate. Compared to CT, use of oral antineoplastic treatments (OATs) shift some of the burden of medication management onto patients. To address these challenges, several health systems have developed multidisciplinary OAT management teams or ‘clinics’ whereby an Oncology Clinical Pharmacist (OCP) collaborates with oncology teams to ensure optimal use of these agents. Through the VA MISSION Act of 2018, Veterans can be prescribed treatments in the community which are dispensed by VA. These Veterans often live in rural areas and may lack access to comprehensive medication management resources. Methods: The VA CARES Program is a telemedicine medication management ‘clinic’ and care delivery model for patients receiving OATs leveraging custom designed health information technology (HIT) tools to remotely coordinate OAT related care. Veterans are automatically enrolled in the program if they have OATs prescribed by community providers which are to be dispensed by VA. An OCP provides telemedicine medication management services. The OCP performs a screening assessment, ensures appropriate indication and dosing, reviews baseline laboratory results, and performs a thorough drug-drug interaction analysis. The OCP then provides OAT education. Throughout the duration of therapy the OCP ensures necessary therapeutic monitoring, and regularly follows up with the Veterans. Subsequent encounters are to assess knowledge, adherence, toxicities, new drug-drug interactions, and need for OAT refills. The outcome measures for the VA CARES Program include safety (number and type of pharmacist interventions), economic benefits (cost savings or cost avoidance), and patient satisfaction. Results: In the initial 13 months, the VA CARES Program screened N = 78 and enrolled N = 64 (82%) Veterans from three VA medical facilities in VISN-19 from January 2020 to January 2021. The CPS performed n = 342 telemedicine visits and n = 80 interventions leading to improved safety, effectiveness, and/or an economical benefit. The most common interventions included detection and/or prevention of drug-drug interactions (n = 45) and adverse events (n = 18), drug not indicated (n = 13), alternative therapy suggested (n = 7), and limited-quantity dispensed (n = 7). The CPS interventions saved an estimated $210,864 in medication-related costs or avoidance. The Veterans surveyed were highly satisfied with the program services. Conclusions: Telemedicine delivery of oncology medication management by an OCP across systems is feasible, and provides clinical and economic benefits.
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Graeve, Catherine Utecht, Patricia Marie McGovern, Bruce Alexander, Timothy Church, Andrew Ryan, and Martha Polovich. "Occupational Exposure to Antineoplastic Agents." Workplace Health & Safety 65, no. 1 (October 7, 2016): 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2165079916662660.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Approximately 8 million health care workers are unnecessarily exposed to highly toxic drugs used to treat cancer; antineoplastic drugs can contribute to negative health effects for these workers. The drugs have been detected in the urine of workers and on the floors and counters of worksites. Safety precautions that could reduce the risk of exposure are underutilized. This cross-sectional study of 163 oncology health care workers used a survey to measure workplace and individual factors, and environmental sampling to measure surface contamination. The study objective was to identify potential exposures to antineoplastic drugs and factors influencing safety behavior. Personal protective equipment (PPE) use was lower than recommended; unit of employment was significantly associated with PPE use. Chemical residue from antineoplastic drugs was found, revealing potential exposures. Workplace safety must be a higher organizational priority. The contamination of common work areas where PPE use is not expected was of utmost concern.
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Brana, Irene, Geoffrey Shapiro, Melissa Lynne Johnson, Helena Alexandra Yu, Debbie Robbrecht, Daniel Shao-Weng Tan, Lillian L. Siu, et al. "Initial results from a dose finding study of TNO155, a SHP2 inhibitor, in adults with advanced solid tumors." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): 3005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.3005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
3005 Background: SHP2 transduces signals from activated receptor tyrosine kinases to downstream pathways including MAPK. TNO155 is a selective, allosteric, oral inhibitor of SHP2. Methods: CTNO155X2101 (NCT03114319) is an ongoing first-in-human, open-label dose escalation/expansion trial of TNO155 in adults with advanced solid tumors. The primary objective is to characterize the safety and tolerability of TNO155 and identify regimen(s) for future study. Secondary assessments included pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and preliminary clinical efficacy. Here we present data from TNO155 single agent escalation. Results: As of 10/26/2020, 118 patients received TNO155 in variable schedules: once (QD; 1.5–70 mg; n = 55) or twice daily (BID; 30–50 mg; n = 25) in a 2 weeks on/1 week off (2w/1w) cycle; or QD in a 3w/1w cycle (30–60 mg; n = 32), or continuously (40 or 50 mg QD; n = 6). The most common cancer diagnoses treated were colorectal (54%), gastrointestinal stromal tumor (16%), non-small cell lung (12%), and head & neck (8%). The median number of prior antineoplastic therapies was 4 (range 1–10). Overall 109 patients (92%) have discontinued study treatment, 94 (80%) for progressive disease and 6 (5%) for adverse events (AEs). TNO155 showed rapid absorption (median day 1 Tmax ̃1.1 hours), an effective median T½ of ̃34 hours, and near dose-proportional exposure at day 14 (power model: AUCτ beta = 1.09 [90% CI 1.02–1.16]). AEs were mostly Grade 1/2 and generally consistent with on-target effects of SHP2 inhibition. The most common treatment-related AEs (all grades) were increased blood creatine phosphokinase (n = 33, 28%), peripheral edema (n = 31, 26%), diarrhea (n = 31, 26%), and acneiform dermatitis (n = 27, 23%). The most common treatment-related Grade ≥3 AEs were decreased platelets (n = 5, 4%), increased aspartate aminotransferase, diarrhea, and decreased neutrophils (each n = 4, 3%). The best observed response was stable disease (SD) per RECIST 1.1, reported in 24 (20%) patients, with a median duration of SD of 4.9 months (range 1.7–29.3). Evidence of SHP2 inhibition, as measured by change in DUSP6 expression by qPCR in paired pre- vs. on-treatment tumor samples, was seen in the majority of patients treated with TNO155 doses ≥20 mg/day (≥25% reduction, 38/42 [90%]; ≥50% reduction, 25/42 [60%]). Analysis of tumor whole-transcriptome RNA sequencing data is ongoing. Conclusions: TNO155 shows favorable pharmacokinetic properties and promising early safety and tolerability data at doses with evidence of target inhibition. The optimal dose using several schedules is still under evaluation. Studies of TNO155 in combination with other agents, including nazartinib (mutant-selective EGFR inhibitor[i]), adagrasib (KRAS G12Ci), spartalizumab (anti-PD-1 antibody), ribociclib (CDK4/6i), and dabrafenib (BRAFi) with LTT462 (ERKi), are ongoing (NCT03114319, NCT04330664, NCT04000529, NCT04294160). Clinical trial information: NCT03114319.
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Sewell, Graham J. "Pharmaceutical issues: preparation and handling." Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice 1, no. 1_suppl (May 1995): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1078155295001001s03.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The preparation and safe handling of antineoplastic agents as presented during the Fourth International Symposium on Oncology Pharmacy Practice are reviewed. Included are discussions of the class II safety cabinets versus negative pressure isolators, a new type of drug vial that may facilitate safer han dling of antineoplastic agents, and a robotic system being developed for the preparation of large-vol ume cytotoxic infusions. Newer infusion devices, monitoring for occupational exposure to cytotoxic agents, and problems with drug stability, particu larly in the ambulatory setting, are also discussed.
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Kruse, R. H., W. H. Puckett, and J. H. Richardson. "Biological safety cabinetry." Clinical Microbiology Reviews 4, no. 2 (April 1991): 207–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cmr.4.2.207.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The biological safety cabinet is the one piece of laboratory and pharmacy equipment that provides protection for personnel, the product, and the environment. Through the history of laboratory-acquired infections from the earliest published case to the emergence of hepatitis B and AIDS, the need for health care worker protection is described. A brief description with design, construction, function, and production capabilities is provided for class I and class III safety cabinets. The development of the high-efficiency particulate air filter provided the impetus for clean room technology, from which evolved the class II laminar flow biological safety cabinet. The clean room concept was advanced when the horizontal airflow clean bench was manufactured; it became popular in pharmacies for preparing intravenous solutions because the product was protected. However, as with infectious microorganisms and laboratory workers, individual sensitization to antibiotics and the advent of hazardous antineoplastic agents changed the thinking of pharmacists and nurses, and they began to use the class II safety cabinet to prevent adverse personnel reactions to the drugs. How the class II safety cabinet became the mainstay in laboratories and pharmacies is described, and insight is provided into the formulation of National Sanitation Foundation standard number 49 and its revisions. The working operations of a class II cabinet are described, as are the variations of the four types with regard to design, function, air velocity profiles, and the use of toxins. The main certification procedures are explained, with examples of improper or incorrect certifications. The required levels of containment for microorganisms are given. Instructions for decontaminating the class II biological safety cabinet of infectious agents are provided; unfortunately, there is no method for decontaminating the cabinet of antineoplastic agents.
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Vucicevic, Jelica, Katarina Nikolic, and John B. O. Mitchell. "Rational Drug Design of Antineoplastic Agents Using 3D-QSAR, Cheminformatic, and Virtual Screening Approaches." Current Medicinal Chemistry 26, no. 21 (September 19, 2019): 3874–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867324666170712115411.
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Background: Computer-Aided Drug Design has strongly accelerated the development of novel antineoplastic agents by helping in the hit identification, optimization, and evaluation. Results: Computational approaches such as cheminformatic search, virtual screening, pharmacophore modeling, molecular docking and dynamics have been developed and applied to explain the activity of bioactive molecules, design novel agents, increase the success rate of drug research, and decrease the total costs of drug discovery. Similarity, searches and virtual screening are used to identify molecules with an increased probability to interact with drug targets of interest, while the other computational approaches are applied for the design and evaluation of molecules with enhanced activity and improved safety profile. Conclusion: In this review are described the main in silico techniques used in rational drug design of antineoplastic agents and presented optimal combinations of computational methods for design of more efficient antineoplastic drugs.
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Passamonti, Francesco, Martin Griesshammer, Michele Cavo, Miklos Egyed, Giulia Benevolo, Timothy Devos, Jeannie Callum, et al. "Demographics, Baseline Characteristics, and Disease Symptom Burden in RESPONSE-2: A Randomized, Phase 3 Study of Ruxolitinib in Polycythemia Vera Patients (pts) Who Are Resistant to or Intolerant of Hydroxyurea (HU)." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 2807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.2807.2807.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract BACKGROUND: Polycythemia vera (PV) is characterized by increased red cell mass often associated with elevated leukocyte and platelet counts, splenomegaly and significant symptom burden. In the RESPONSE study, which only enrolled PV patients with splenomegaly, ruxolitinib (Rux) demonstrated superior improvements in hematocrit (HCT) control and reductions in spleen volume compared with best available therapy (BAT) in pts who were resistant to or intolerant of HU. Supportive data included clinically meaningful improvements in PV-related symptom burden and quality of life (QOL) measures. Here, we describe the baseline (BL) characteristics and symptom burden of PV pts resistant to or intolerant of HU enrolled in the RESPONSE-2 study, which unlike RESPONSE, enrolled PV patients with a nonpalpable spleen. METHODS: RESPONSE-2 is an open-label, randomized (1:1), multicenter, phase 3 study evaluating the efficacy and safety of Rux vs BAT in PV pts who are HU-resistant/-intolerant, require phlebotomy (PBT), and have no palpable spleen. Pts' BL symptom burden, BL QOL and BL pt-reported outcomes (PRO) were assessed by using 10-items modified Myeloproliferative Neoplasm Symptom Assessment Form Total Symptom Score (MPN-SAF TSS), the Pruritus Symptom Impact Scale (PSIS), European QOL Questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L), and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment: Polycythemia Vera V2.0 (WPAI: PV). RESULTS: A total of 149 pts were enrolled. BL demographic data from both arms combined are summarized in the Table. Forty percent of the patients were resistant whereas 60% were intolerant of HU treatment. Other than HU, prior treatments included interferons (15.4%), alkylating agents (8.1%), alkyl sulfonates (2.7%), pyrimidine analogs (0.7%), and other antineoplastic agents (1.0%). Ninety-seven percent of pts had at least 1 PBT within 16 weeks (wks) prior to screening and 72% had ≥ 2 PBT within 24 wks prior to screening. Past medical histories included hypertension (49%), pruritus (23%) and fatigue (9%). BL demographics of pts in RESPONSE-2 were generally comparable with previous PV studies (Table). Despite using frequent phlebotomy and cytoreductive agents during the screening period prior to randomization, 55% and 52% of pts had WBC counts greater than 10 × 109/L and platelet counts greater than 400 × 109/L, respectively, suggesting inadequately controlled disease even while receiving therapy. Additionally, pts had significant symptom burden at BL as measured by the MPN-SAF with fatigue (3.6) and pruritus (3.4) (Table). As measured by EQ-5D-5L scale, 26% and 19% of pts reported moderate to extreme pain/discomfort and depression, respectively. In WPAI outcomes, 40 of 149 pts reported missing work due to PV accounting for 14.3% of their working time. SUMMARY/CONCLUSION: Demographic and BL data from the RESPONSE-2 study highlight the significant unmet medical need in this inadequately controlled HU-resistant/-intolerant PV population. As expected, pts in RESPONSE-2 reported lower scores for symptoms associated with splenomegaly (early satiety, 1.8 vs 2.0; abdominal discomfort, 1.7 vs 2.0) as compared with RESPONSE population. In comparison to PV pts with splenomegaly in the RESPONSE trial, pts without splenomegaly in the RESPONSE-2 trial have a distinct but comparable disease burden with marked fatigue and pruritus. Table 1. Baseline demographics and symptoms (n = 149) Age, median (range), years 66.0 (26.0, 87.0) Time since diagnosis of PV, median, months 80.7 Male, % 57.7 Female, % 42.3 ECOG performance status, % 0 1 72.5 26.8 Hematocrit (%), median,(n=149) 43.0 n (%) < 40 ≥ 40 to ≤ 45 > 45 2 (1.3) 146 (98.0) 1 (0.7) WBC count (x 109/L), median (n=149) 10.6 n (%) ≤ 10 > 10 and ≤ 15 > 15 67 (45.0) 43 (28.9) 39 (26.2) PLT count (x 109/L), median (n=148) 420.0 n (%) < 100 ≥ 100 and < 400 ≥ 400 to < 600 ≥ 600 2 (1.3) 68 (45.6) 38 (25.5) 40 (26.8) JAK2 mutation, n (%) (n=149) Positive Negative Unknown 143 (96.0) 4 (2.7) 2 (1.3) MPN-SAF Symptom (n) Mean (SD) Total score (n=145) 2.0 (1.67) Fatigue (n=146) 3.6 (2.72) Early satiety (n=145) 1.8 (2.47) Abdominal discomfort (n=143) 1.7 (2.44) Inactivity (n=142) 2.1 (2.77) Concentration problem (n=146) 2.3 (2.75) Night sweats (n=145) 2.2 (3.07) Pruritus (n=145) 3.4 (3.37) Bone pain (n=144) 2.1 (2.89) Fever (n=144) 0.2 (0.92) Weight loss (n=142) 0.7 (1.72) Disclosures Passamonti: Novartis: Consultancy. Cavo:JANSSEN, CELGENE, AMGEN: Consultancy. Vannucchi:Novartis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Other: Research Funding paid to institution (University of Florence), Research Funding; Shire: Speakers Bureau; Baxalta: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Bensasson:Novartis: Employment. Khan:Novartis: Employment. Mounedji:Novartis: Employment.
Дисертації з теми "Antineoplastic agents Safety measures"
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Bolognesi, Natasha. "The media management of Nevirapine: content, causes and consequences." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2616.
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Thesis (MPhil (Journalism))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.This study presents an observation, analysis and effect indication of the media portrayal of the antiretroviral drug nevirapine in Western Cape daily newspapers. The research is aimed at ascertaining the quality and consequences of science reporting on an essential, yet too often politically controversial, AIDS treatment within the South African context. This work ultimately offers suggestions as to how the media could play a more beneficial role for the South African public when reporting on nevirapine and HIV/AIDS treatment in general.
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Ashley, L. J., R. Dexter, F. Marshall, B. McKenzie, M. Ryan, and Gerry R. Armitage. "Improving the safety of chemotherapy administration: an oncology nurse-led failure mode and effects analysis." 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/6792.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
noPURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To assess and improve the safety of hospital-based adult chemotherapy administration. DESIGN: Prospective, systems-focused clinical risk assessment. SETTING: An adult inpatient and outpatient oncology unit in a large urban hospital in the United Kingdom. SAMPLE: 8-person nurse-led multidisciplinary team, which included managerial staff and patient safety researchers. METHODS: Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA), a prospective, systems-focused risk assessment methodology, was undertaken in biweekly team meetings and included mapping the chemotherapy administration process, identifying and numerically prioritizing potential errors (failure modes) for each process step, and generating remedial strategies to counteract them. MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLES: The analysis aimed to identify chemotherapy administration failure modes and to generate remedial strategies to address them. User feedback on the FMEA process also was collected. FINDINGS: Several specific chemotherapy failure modes were identified, the majority of which had not previously been recognized, and several novel strategies to counteract them were generated. Many of the strategies were specific, environment-focused actions, which are simple, quick, and inexpensive to implement; however, more substantive, longer-term initiatives also were generated. User feedback generally was very positive, and the process of undertaking the analysis improved multidisciplinary teamwork and communication. CONCLUSIONS: Although time and resource intensive, FMEA is a useful safety improvement tool. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING: Nurses should be aware of and informed about FMEA as a tool they can use in partnership with management and other disciplines to proactively and collectively improve the safety of high-risk oncology procedures such as chemotherapy administration.
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Tang, Bo. "Pedestrian Protection Using the Integration of V2V Communication and Pedestrian Automatic Emergency Braking System." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/10057.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)The Pedestrian Automatic Emergency Braking System (PAEB) can utilize on-board sensors to detect pedestrians and take safety related actions. However, PAEB system only benefits the individual vehicle and the pedestrians detected by its PAEB. Additionally, due to the range limitations of PAEB sensors and speed limitations of sensory data processing, PAEB system often cannot detect or do not have sufficient time to respond to a potential crash with pedestrians. For further improving pedestrian safety, we proposed the idea for integrating the complimentary capabilities of V2V and PAEB (V2V-PAEB), which allows the vehicles to share the information of pedestrians detected by PAEB system in the V2V network. So a V2V-PAEB enabled vehicle uses not only its on-board sensors of the PAEB system, but also the received V2V messages from other vehicles to detect potential collisions with pedestrians and make better safety related decisions. In this thesis, we discussed the architecture and the information processing stages of the V2V-PAEB system. In addition, a comprehensive Matlab/Simulink based simulation model of the V2V-PAEB system is also developed in PreScan simulation environment. The simulation result shows that this simulation model works properly and the V2V-PAEB system can improve pedestrian safety significantly.
Книги з теми "Antineoplastic agents Safety measures"
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Safety and health handbook for cytotoxic drugs. Lanham: Government Institutes, 2011.
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Guidelines for the safe administration of cytotoxic medical preparations in the treatment of patients with cancer. Dublin: Stationery Office, 1996.
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International Conference on Anticarcinogenesis and Radiation Protection (3rd 1989 Dubrovnik, Croatia). Anticarcinogenesis and radiation protection 2. New York: Plenum Press, 1991.
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Hewitt, Jeanne Beauchamp. Health effects of occupational exposure to antineoplastic drugs: An integrative research review. Toronto: Occupational Disease Panel, Ministry of Labour, 1997.
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Chris, Hartley. Health and safety : hazardous agents. [Wigston]: IOSH Services Ltd, 2003.
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Sen, A. K. Defence against chemical and biological agents. New Delhi: Defence Research and Development Organisation, Ministry of Defence, 2009.
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K, Sen A. Defence against chemical and biological agents. New Delhi: Defence Research and Development Organisation, Ministry of Defence, 2009.
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Defence Research & Development Organisation (India), ed. Defence against chemical and biological agents. New Delhi: Defence Research and Development Organisation, Ministry of Defence, 2009.
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Kanal, Emanuel. Safety manual on magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents. Cedar Knolls, N.J: Lippincott-Raven Healthcare, 1995.
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Ivanov, S. I. Obespechenie bezopasnŏ ėkspluatat͡sii truboprovodov, transportiruiushchikh serovodosoderzhashchie sredy =: Providing safe explotation of pipelines intended for transporting hydrogen sulfide-containing agents. Moskva: Nedra, 2006.
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Hell, Wolfram, Kurt Bodewig, Ute Hammer, Christian Kellner, Clemens Klinke, Matthias Mück, Martin Schreiner, Felix Walz, and Guido Zielke. "Vision Zero in Germany." In The Vision Zero Handbook, 1–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23176-7_13-1.
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AbstractVision Zero has a central role in traffic safety in Germany. Finally, it was even a relevant point in the coalition treaty from the Federal Governing Parties in the year 2018.It is a unifying theme for safety measures taken on the federal, state, and local levels and in private, nonprofit traffic safety organizations. In later years, cooperation between these different agents has been intensified. Evaluation and measurability are essential in the German approach to Vision Zero. One example of this is the statistical work performed every year to identify “zero cities,” i.e., cities that had zero road fatalities the previous year. A yearly award puts focus on cities that have a particularly long string of zero years, in relation to their size. This is performed on an international level, and cities around the world are incentivized by these recognitions. Munich is used as an example of a city that has recently stepped up its traffic safety work. The city has adopted Vision Zero and followed up this with intensified traffic safety work, including improved data collection, the identification of accident black spots, targeted measures to improve safety in these black spots, safety audits of new infrastructure plans, etc. Before the introduction of new traffic technologies which may have an impact on safety, in-depth technology assessment has to be performed. This is illustrated by an example in which sufficient prior technology assessment did not take place, namely the introduction of e-scooters in Germany. After their introduction, they have turned out to be significantly more dangerous than bicycles, as can be seen from the statistics of fatalities and severe injuries. Proposals are made for measures are needed to reverse this trend, including obligatory use of helmets. The dialogue with neighbor states is also essential. Here the Traffic Expert Society of Medical and Technical Biomechanics, gmttb (Germany, Austria, and Switzerland= D A CH), has initiated to discuss and bundle basic principles of the Vision Zero in three neighbor countries. To promote Vision Zero, gmttb also organizes interdisciplinary yearly conferences with experts from Austria (Vision Zero is a state philosophy) and Switzerland (here named Via Sicura) to bundle strength and adopt ideas together with Swedish and multinational experts. As well as a yearly gmttb Vision Zero Safety Award is granted to motivate people, organizations, and manufacturers to promote good ideas for better traffic safety.
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Hell, Wolfram, Kurt Bodewig, Ute Hammer, Christian Kellner, Clemens Klinke, Matthias Mück, Martin Schreiner, Felix Walz, and Guido Zielke. "Vision Zero in Germany." In The Vision Zero Handbook, 337–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76505-7_13.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractVision Zero has a central role in traffic safety in Germany. Finally, it was even a relevant point in the coalition treaty from the Federal Governing Parties in the year 2018.It is a unifying theme for safety measures taken on the federal, state, and local levels and in private, nonprofit traffic safety organizations. In later years, cooperation between these different agents has been intensified. Evaluation and measurability are essential in the German approach to Vision Zero. One example of this is the statistical work performed every year to identify “zero cities,” i.e., cities that had zero road fatalities the previous year. A yearly award puts focus on cities that have a particularly long string of zero years, in relation to their size. This is performed on an international level, and cities around the world are incentivized by these recognitions. Munich is used as an example of a city that has recently stepped up its traffic safety work. The city has adopted Vision Zero and followed up this with intensified traffic safety work, including improved data collection, the identification of accident black spots, targeted measures to improve safety in these black spots, safety audits of new infrastructure plans, etc. Before the introduction of new traffic technologies which may have an impact on safety, in-depth technology assessment has to be performed. This is illustrated by an example in which sufficient prior technology assessment did not take place, namely the introduction of e-scooters in Germany. After their introduction, they have turned out to be significantly more dangerous than bicycles, as can be seen from the statistics of fatalities and severe injuries. Proposals are made for measures are needed to reverse this trend, including obligatory use of helmets. The dialogue with neighbor states is also essential. Here the Traffic Expert Society of Medical and Technical Biomechanics, gmttb (Germany, Austria, and Switzerland= D A CH), has initiated to discuss and bundle basic principles of the Vision Zero in three neighbor countries. To promote Vision Zero, gmttb also organizes interdisciplinary yearly conferences with experts from Austria (Vision Zero is a state philosophy) and Switzerland (here named Via Sicura) to bundle strength and adopt ideas together with Swedish and multinational experts. As well as a yearly gmttb Vision Zero Safety Award is granted to motivate people, organizations, and manufacturers to promote good ideas for better traffic safety.
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"Genotoxic assessment in different exposure groups working with antineoplastic agents." In Occupational Safety and Hygiene III, 189–92. CRC Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b18042-37.
Повний текст джерела
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Verhoeven, Didier, Etienne Brain, François Duhoux, Gilberto Schwartsmann, and Fatima Cardoso. "Systemic Therapy." In Breast cancer: Global quality care, edited by Hans Junkermann, Wolfgang Buchberger, Sylvia Heywang-Köbrunner, Michael Michell, Alexander Mundinger, Carol Benn, and Sophia Zackrisson, 176–93. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198839248.003.0016.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract: Quality management of systemic treatment of breast cancer is a high priority, but few quality indicators have been identified so far. As structure indicators, education, day clinic facilities, and a dedicated pharmacy are proposed. As process indicators, access to appropriate experts, equity, and report of the given treatment in accordance to the guidelines are suggested. Overuse can burden the patients with unnecessary toxicity and society with unnecessary costs. Overall survival is the reference standard of outcome, but this is difficult to compare. Just as important are quality of life, patient-reported outcome, and safety. The essential antineoplastic agents for breast cancer are regularly updated by the World Health Organization. Tailored therapy, optimal patient selection, and clinical benefit are becoming key factors for all patients. In the future, a new funding model, precision medicine, and the molecular revolution will require sufficient human resources and networks to organize the best strategies.
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Samundeeswari, E. S., and F. Mary Magdalene Jane. "Mobile Code and Security Issues." In Web Services Security and E-Business, 75–92. IGI Global, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-168-1.ch004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Over the years, computer systems have evolved from centralized monolithic computing devices supporting static applications, into client-server environments that allow complex forms of distributed computing. Throughout this evolution, limited forms of code mobility have existed. The explosion in the use of the World Wide Web, coupled with the rapid evolution of the platform-independent programming languages, has promoted the use of mobile code and, at the same time, raised some important security issues. This chapter introduces mobile code technology and discusses the related security issues. The first part of the chapter deals with the need for mobile codes and the various methods of categorising them. One method of categorising the mobile code is based on code mobility. Different forms of code mobility, like code on demand, remote evaluation, and mobile agents, are explained in detail. The other method is based on the type of code distributed. Various types of codes, like source code, intermediate code, platform-dependent binary code, and just-in-time compilation, are explained. Mobile agents, as autonomously migrating software entities, present great challenges to the design and implementation of security mechanisms. The second part of this chapter deals with the security issues. These issues are broadly divided into code-related issues and host-related issues. Techniques, like sandboxing, code signing, and proof-carrying code, are widely applied to protect the hosts. Execution tracing, mobile cryptography, obfuscated code, and cooperating agents are used to protect the code from harmful agents. The security mechanisms, like language support for safety, OS level security, and safety policies, are discussed in the last section. In order to make the mobile code approach practical, it is essential to understand mobile code technology. Advanced and innovative solutions are to be developed to restrict the operations that mobile code can perform, but without unduly restricting its functionality. It is also necessary to develop formal, extremely easy-to-use safety measures.
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Samundeeswari, E. S., and F. Mary Magdalene Jane. "Mobile Code and Security Issues." In Mobile Computing, 2568–82. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-054-7.ch196.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Over the years, computer systems have evolved from centralized monolithic computing devices supporting static applications, into client-server environments that allow complex forms of distributed computing. Throughout this evolution, limited forms of code mobility have existed. The explosion in the use of the World Wide Web, coupled with the rapid evolution of the platform- independent programming languages, has promoted the use of mobile code and, at the same time, raised some important security issues. This chapter introduces mobile code technology and discusses the related security issues. The first part of the chapter deals with the need for mobile codes and the various methods of categorising them. One method of categorising the mobile code is based on code mobility. Different forms of code mobility, like code on demand, remote evaluation, and mobile agents, are explained in detail. The other method is based on the type of code distributed. Various types of codes, like source code, intermediate code, platform-dependent binary code, and just-in-time compilation, are explained. Mobile agents, as autonomously migrating software entities, present great challenges to the design and implementation of security mechanisms. The second part of this chapter deals with the security issues. These issues are broadly divided into code-related issues and host-related issues. Techniques, like sandboxing, code signing, and proof-carrying code, are widely applied to protect the hosts. Execution tracing, mobile cryptography, obfuscated code, and cooperating agents are used to protect the code from harmful agents. The security mechanisms, like language support for safety, OS level security, and safety policies, are discussed in the last section. In order to make the mobile code approach practical, it is essential to understand mobile code technology. Advanced and innovative solutions are to be developed to restrict the operations that mobile code can perform, but without unduly restricting its functionality. It is also necessary to develop formal, extremely easy-to-use safety measures.
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Samundeeswari, E. S., and F. Mary Magdalene Jane. "Mobile Code and Security Issues." In Electronic Business, 2183–97. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-056-1.ch135.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Over the years, computer systems have evolved from centralized monolithic computing devices supporting static applications, into client-server environments that allow complex forms of distributed computing. Throughout this evolution, limited forms of code mobility have existed. The explosion in the use of the World Wide Web, coupled with the rapid evolution of the platform- independent programming languages, has promoted the use of mobile code and, at the same time, raised some important security issues. This chapter introduces mobile code technology and discusses the related security issues. The first part of the chapter deals with the need for mobile codes and the various methods of categorising them. One method of categorising the mobile code is based on code mobility. Different forms of code mobility, like code on demand, remote evaluation, and mobile agents, are explained in detail. The other method is based on the type of code distributed. Various types of codes, like source code, intermediate code, platform-dependent binary code, and just-in-time compilation, are explained. Mobile agents, as autonomously migrating software entities, present great challenges to the design and implementation of security mechanisms. The second part of this chapter deals with the security issues. These issues are broadly divided into code-related issues and host-related issues. Techniques, like sandboxing, code signing, and proof-carrying code, are widely applied to protect the hosts. Execution tracing, mobile cryptography, obfuscated code, and cooperating agents are used to protect the code from harmful agents. The security mechanisms, like language support for safety, OS level security, and safety policies, are discussed in the last section. In order to make the mobile code approach practical, it is essential to understand mobile code technology. Advanced and innovative solutions are to be developed to restrict the operations that mobile code can perform, but without unduly restricting its functionality. It is also necessary to develop formal, extremely easy-to-use safety measures.
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Samundeeswari, E. S., and F. Mary Magdalene Jane. "Mobile Code and Security Issues." In Mobile and Ubiquitous Commerce, 256–69. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-366-1.ch014.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Over the years computer systems have evolved from centralized monolithic computing devices supporting static applications, into client-server environments that allow complex forms of distributed computing. Throughout this evolution limited forms of code mobility have existed. The explosion in the use of the World Wide Web coupled with the rapid evolution of the platform independent programming languages has promoted the use of mobile code and at the same time raised some important security issues. This chapter introduces mobile code technology and discusses the related security issues. The first part of the chapter deals with the need for mobile codes and the various methods of categorizing them. One method of categorising the mobile code is based on code mobility. Different forms of code mobility like code on demand, remote evaluation and mobile agents are explained in detail. The other method is based on the type of code distributed. Various types of codes like Source Code, Intermediate Code, Platform-dependent Binary Code, Just-in-Time Compilation are explained. Mobile agents, as autonomously migrating software entities, present great challenges to the design and implementation of security mechanisms. The second part of this chapter deals with the security issues. These issues are broadly divided into code related issues and host related issues. Techniques like Sandboxing, Code signing and Proof carrying code are widely applied to protect the hosts. Execution tracing, Mobile cryptography, Obfuscated code, Co-Operating Agents are used to protect the code from harmful agents. The security mechanisms like language support for safety, OS level security and safety policies are discussed in the last section. In order to make the mobile code approach practical, it is essential to understand mobile code technology. Advanced and innovative solutions are to be developed to restrict the operations that mobile code can perform but without unduly restricting its functionality. It is also necessary to develop formal, extremely easy to use safety measures.
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William Tong, C. Y. "Biosafety Categorisations and Containment Levels." In Tutorial Topics in Infection for the Combined Infection Training Programme. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198801740.003.0021.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002 (COSHH) classifies biological agents into four categories (Hazard Groups) according to an approved list by the Health and Safety Executive (HSE). Biological agents are bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi that can cause harm to human health, usually due to infection, although some are toxic or can cause an allergy. The approved list is relevant to risk assessment for work with biological agents and the application of appropriate control measures. Hazard Group 1 agents are not considered to pose a risk to human health, while Hazard Group 4 agents present the greatest risk. The principle of the categorization is laid down by the Advisory Committee on Dangerous Pathogens (ACDP) based on the following (see also Table 13.1): ● the likelihood that it will cause disease by infection or toxicity in humans; ● how likely it is that the infection would spread to the community; and ● the availability of any prophylaxis or treatment. The ACDP only considers the risks to human health when deciding appropriate classification. Some listed agents can also cause disease in animals (zoonoses) and have also been assigned a hazard classification under the Specified Animal Pathogens Order (SAPO). In allocating human pathogens to a hazard group, no account is taken of particular effects on those whose susceptibility to infection may be affected, for example, because of pre-existing disease, medication, compromised immunity, pregnancy, or breastfeeding. Type 2 polio virus has been reclassified from Hazard Group 2 to Hazard Group 3 to bring the UK in line with the expectations of World Health Organization’s global polio eradication programme. This reclassification also applies to attenuated type 2 polio viruses once this component is no longer used as part of the trivalent polio vaccine. Zika virus has been reclassified from Hazard Group 3 to Hazard Group 2 as there is substantial evidence that while it can cause human disease, this is generally mild. It is also unlikely to spread to the community from the laboratory. COSHH regulations specify four containment levels for activities which involve working with biological agents.
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Mizielińska, Małgorzata, and Artur Bartkowiak. "Overview of Food Antimicrobial Packaging." In Food Preservation and Packaging - Recent Process and Technological Advancements [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.108666.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Acutely due to awareness that food products are highly vulnerable to microbial contamination, the food industry constantly tries to uncover new methods for the preservation of their products in order to guarantee their goods and processes continue to offer the highest quality and uphold safety standards throughout the production, storage, and distribution chain. Antimicrobial food packaging can play an important role in food shelf-life extension through the inhibition of microorganism growth present on the surface of food products. Antimicrobial packaging materials containing active substances incorporated into a polymer matrix or as surface coatings have begun to receive more attention for their use as antimicrobial control agents in food packaging systems. The most commonly used packaging materials are paper and plastics. However, from the ecological point of view, biopolymer-based materials have recently garnered more attention in the development of antimicrobial packaging as an alternative, due to their nontoxic biodegradability. In addition, the ongoing global spread of the pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 has led to a preference for fresh food packaged in single-use food coverings. In order to address customer concerns and safeguard their health, the packaging industry could implement additional health safety measures, such as active packaging with antiviral properties.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Antineoplastic agents Safety measures"
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Roberts, H. R. "PREVENTION OF DEEP VENOUS THROMBOSIS: CONCLUSIONS OF A CONSENSUS DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1642966.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) are major health problems that lead to significant morbidity and mortality. In the United States, it is estimated that these two problems result in over 300,000 hospitalizations annually and available data indicate that 50,000 to 100,000 patients per year die of pulmonary embolism.The advent of several diagnostic tests has permitted the identification of groups of patients at high risk for development of deep venous thrombosis and subsequent pulmonary embolism. Identification of these patient groups has led to therapeutic measures designed to prevent both deep venous thrombosis and subsequent embolic episodes. However, the efficacy of these preventive measures have not been widely adopted and reservations have been expressed regarding use of low dose anticoagulant drugs for prevention of DVT and PE, especially in surgical patients. Because of the apparent reluctance to adopt putative preventive measures for DVT and PE, the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute convened a Consensus Development Conference on the issue of prevention in 1986. Experts from North America, Europe, and South Africa presented data, both pro and con, on prevention of DVT and PE, using one or more therapeutic regimens. An impartial Panel was then asked to arrive at a consensus statement on the following questions: 1) the level of risk of DVT and PE in different patient groups; 2) the efficacy and safety of prophylactic measures in these groups; 3) the recommended prophylactic regimens for different patient groups, and 4) remaining questions related to prevention of DVT and PE. Recommendations for prevention were based on the assumption that reduction in DVT would also result in reduction of pulmonary embolism. Furthermore, the consensus was based, at least in part, upon data combined from multiple clinical trials. Thus, combined data on 12,000 individuals in randomized clinical trials indicated that in appropriate patient groups, treated with low dose heparin, there was a 68 percent reduction in DVT, as measured by the 125I-fibrinogen uptake test and venography, and that there was a reduction of 49% in pulmonary embolism and a significant decrease in overall mortality resulting from pulmonary embolism.Prophylactic measures for the following different patient groups were assessed: 1) general surgery; 2) orthopedic surgery; 3) urology; 4) gynecology-obstetrics; 4) neurosurgery and neurology; 5) trauma; and 6) medical conditions.Basically, the following prophylactic regimens were considered: 1) low dose heparin; 2) low dose dihydroergotamine heparin; 3) dextran; 4) low dose warfarin; and 5) external pneumatic compression. In general terms, low dose heparin appears to be one of the more effective prophylactic regimens in certain groups of high risk patients. This regimen is not useful in orthopedic or certain neurosurgical procedures where heparin has been shown to be of little value or hazardous. In these cases, dextran, warfarin, or external pnuematic compression may be more beneficial. In some groups of high risk patients, combination of mechanical measures with anticoagulant agents appear to be of value in prevention of DVT and PE.The recommendations of the Consensus Panel for Prevention of DVT and PE for each patient group will be assessed.
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Wang, Yingying, Fangqiu Li, Menglan Duan, Houfa Liu, and Jiandong Gu. "Reliability Modelling of Subsea Cluster Manifolds Based on the Fault Tree Analysis." In ASME 2016 35th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2016-54396.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The cluster manifold becomes an essential part in a subsea production system and it has been widely used in the development of ultra-deepwater oil and gas fields. One hand, it can gather the production fluid from subsea wells. On the other hand, it can distribute water, gas and chemical agents from the floating production system to each subsea well. Hence, the failure of subsea cluster manifolds may not only lead to the stagnation of production wells and economic losses but also cause environmental pollution and human health in severe cases. Therefore, the reliability of subsea cluster manifolds is quite of importance and it should be studied for the safety service of the subsea production system. Based on the fault tree analysis (FTA), this paper will discuss the failure cause of six well slots subsea cluster manifolds in LiWan 3-1 gas field in China South Sea. Considering the pipeline structure, control system and flow assurance, the fault trees of subsea cluster manifolds are built. Meanwhile, the importance degrees of each elementary event are ranked orderly and the minimum cut sets are obtained through analyzing the structure important of the FTA. The failure major reasons are obtained and the preventive measures are proposed, which could have some guiding significance for the operations of subsea cluster manifolds system in China South Sea.
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Kretzschmar, Florian, Matthias Beggiato, and Alois Pichler. "Detection of Discomfort in Autonomous Driving via Stochastic Approximation." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002437.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
One of the most important goals in the field of autonomous driving development is to make the experience for the passenger as pleasant and comfortable as possible. In addition to traditional influence factors on passenger comfort, new aspects arise due to the transfer of control from the human to the vehicle. Some of these are apparent safety, motion sickness, user preferences regarding driving style and information needs. Ideally, the vehicle and the passenger should form a team, whereby the vehicle should be able to detect and predict situations of discomfort in real time and take measures accordingly. This requires not only the continuous monitoring of the passengers state but also the implementation of adequate mathematical models. To investigate how this teaming of human and automated agents can be shaped in the most effective way is a key topic of the Collaborative Research Center “Hybrid Societies (https://hybrid-societies.org/). In this framework, driving simulator data from the previous project “KomfoPilot” (https://bit.ly/komfopilot) is re-analyzed using new mathematical models. The participants in the study completed several automated drives and reported continuously situations of discomfort using a handset control. Sensor data was collected simultaneously using eye tracking glasses, a smart band, seat pressure sensors and video cameras for motion and face tracking. While pupil diameter, heart rate, interblink intervals, skin conductance and head movement have already been identified as potential single indicators of discomfort, it is now necessary to integrate these and other findings of the project into a functional multivariate model. In this paper, we investigate how such a model can be shaped to offer high prediction accuracy and viable practical implementation. The first important question – which arises from the heterogeneity of the participants – is whether to work with training data on an individual or aggregated level. We compare both possibilities by applying techniques from the field of stochastic approximation for clustering of the chosen training set and subsequent classification of the test data. In the case of an individual model for each participant, we furthermore divide the participants into subgroups and analyze whether there is a connection between the physiological reactions of a passenger and his/her demographic characteristics and driving experience. Finally, we discuss the potential of our method as a reliable prediction model as well as implications for future driving simulator studies and related research.