Готові списки джерел за темами / Ambient space

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Ambient space"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022

Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Ambient space"

Shi, Peiteng, Markus Billeter, and Elmar Eisemann. "Stereo-consistent screen-space ambient occlusion." Proceedings of the ACM on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques 5, no. 1 (May 4, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3522614.

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Screen-space ambient occlusion (SSAO) shows high efficiency and is widely used in real-time 3D applications. However, using SSAO algorithms in stereo rendering can lead to inconsistencies due to the differences in the screen-space information captured by the left and right eye. This will affect the perception of the scene and may be a source of viewer discomfort. In this paper, we show that the raw obscurance estimation part and subsequent filtering are both sources of inconsistencies. We developed a screen-space method involving both views in conjunction, leading to a stereo-aware raw obscurance estimation method and a stereo-aware bilateral filter. The results show that our method reduces stereo inconsistencies to a level comparable to geometry-based AO solutions, while maintaining the performance benefits of a screen-space approach.

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Wilcox, Dean. "Ambient Space in Twentieth-Century Theatre: The Space of Silence." Modern Drama 46, no. 4 (December 2003): 542–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/md.46.4.542.

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Boukharrou, Radja Radja, Jean-Michel Ilié, and Djamel Eddine Saidouni. "Time and Space Reasoning for Ambient Systems." International Journal of Ambient Computing and Intelligence 8, no. 3 (July 2017): 38–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijaci.2017070103.

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This paper presents an algebraic language, called Time-AgLOTOS, to describe time-dependent behavior of intelligent agent for the design of Ambient Intelligence systems. This specification model provides a theoretical foundation for performing planning under timing constraints. Based on a true-concurrency semantics, a contextual model, called Spatio-Temporal Planning System (STPS), is developed to capture all possible evolutions of an agent plan including context changes. The STPS provides formal description of possible actions to perform supporting timing constraints, action duration and spatial information. This structure offers new possibilities and strategies for taking agent real-time decisions in context-awareness manner.

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Yavari, Arash, Arkadas Ozakin, and Souhayl Sadik. "Nonlinear Elasticity in a Deforming Ambient Space." Journal of Nonlinear Science 26, no. 6 (July 1, 2016): 1651–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00332-016-9315-8.

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Kannamma, D., and Dr A. Meenatchi Sundaram. "SIGNIFICANCE OF MICROCLIMATIC STUDY IN URBAN CANYONS TOWARDS AMBIENT URBAN SPACE DESIGN." JOURNAL OF TODAY'S IDEAS - TOMORROW'S TECHNOLOGIES 3, no. 1 (June 2, 2015): 95–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.15415/jotitt.2015.31007.

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Petersen, Kjell Yngve. "Ambient Adaptive Lighting." Architectural Research in Finland 3, no. 1 (September 9, 2022): 184–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.37457/arf.121681.

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The concept of adaptive lighting suggests architectural lighting designs that adjust and react to the living practices of inhabitants and variations in the environmental conditions. Current developments in lighting technologies, such as LED light sources and IoT infrastructures, open for new opportunities with adaptive lighting, where the control of the lighting possibly operates as an IoT service rather than build into building management systems. The dynamic flux in lighting changes the experiential presence and brings focus on change and variation rather than states, levels and structures. The suggestion is to enable adaptive intertwinement through an expanded field of dynamic flux in the artificial lighting, and couple between the daylighting and the artificial lighting through an integration of ambient contexts. The project develops experiential prototypes, with which the dynamic design parameters of adaptive lighting can be investigated, analysed and scoped into architectural programming processes. The staging’s are full-scale architectural scenography’s, which situate investigations into how the experience parameters of fluctuating artificial lighting, integrated with daylight flux in an architectural space, are experienced to influence the experience of architectural space, social situations and everyday activities.

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Vermeer, Jop, Leonardo Scandolo, and Elmar Eisemann. "Stochastic-Depth Ambient Occlusion." Proceedings of the ACM on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques 4, no. 1 (April 26, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3451268.

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Ambient occlusion (AO) is a popular rendering technique that enhances depth perception and realism by darkening locations that are less exposed to ambient light (e.g., corners and creases). In real-time applications, screen-space variants, relying on the depth buffer, are used due to their high performance and good visual quality. However, these only take visible surfaces into account, resulting in inconsistencies, especially during motion. Stochastic-Depth Ambient Occlusion is a novel AO algorithm that accounts for occluded geometry by relying on a stochastic depth map, capturing multiple scene layers per pixel at random. Hereby, we efficiently gather missing information in order to improve upon the accuracy and spatial stability of conventional screen-space approximations, while maintaining real-time performance. Our approach integrates well into existing rendering pipelines and improves the robustness of many different AO techniques, including multi-view solutions.

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Diaz Cardona, Rebio. "Ambient text and the becoming space of writing." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 34, no. 4 (July 26, 2016): 637–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263775816631991.

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Halegoua, Germaine. "Ambient Television: Visual Culture and Public Space (review)." Velvet Light Trap 52, no. 1 (2003): 71–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/vlt.2003.0017.

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Rao, S. T., I. G. Zurbenko, R. Neagu, P. S. Porter, J. Y. Ku, and R. F. Henry. "Space and Time Scales in Ambient Ozone Data." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 78, no. 10 (October 1997): 2153–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0477(1997)078<2153:satsia>2.0.co;2.

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Дисертації з теми "Ambient space"

Gravås, Lorents Odin. "Image-space Ambient Obscurance in WebGL." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for datateknikk og informasjonsvitenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-23504.

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Image-space approaches to ambient obscurance have become the de-facto standard for realistic ambient lighting in real-time applications. This thesis investigates the potential applicability of such approaches for a WebGL-based implementation. As image-space ambient obscurance has been an active field of research in computer graphics the last few years, a lot of different techniques and enhancements have emerged. This thesis presents a systematic survey of the current state of the art techniques, along with an assessment of their potential for successful implementation using WebGL. Finally, I present a working WebGL-based prototype, yielding good performance and acceptable quality.

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Törn, Johan. "Comparison Between Two DifferentScreen Space Ambient OcclusionTechniques." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för kreativa teknologier, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-14867.

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Context. In this project a comparison between two screen space ambientocclusion techniques are presented. The techniques are Scalable AO (SAO)and Multiresolution SSAO (MSSAO) since they both are techniques thatuse mipmaps to accelerate their calculations. Objectives. The aim is to see how big the difference is between the resultsof these two techniques and a golden reference that is an object space raytraced texture that is created with mental ray in Maya and how long timethe computation takes. Methods. The comparisons between the AO textures that these techniquesproduce and the golden references are performed using Structural SimilarityIndex (SSIM) and Perceptual Image Difference (PDIFF). Results. On the lowest resolution, both techniques execute in about thesame time on average, except that SAO with the shortest distance is faster.The only effect caused by the shorter distance, in this case, is that moresamples are taken in higher resolution mipmap levels than when longerdistances are used. The MSSAO achieved a better SSIM value meaningthat MSSAO is more similar to the golden reference than SAO. As theresolution increases the SSIM value between both techniques become moresimilar with SAO getting a better value and MSSAO getting slightly worse,while the execution time for MSSAO has larger increases than SAO. Conclusions. It is concluded that MSSAO is better than SAO in lowerresolution while SAO is better in larger resolution. I would recommendthat SAO is used for indoor scenes where there are not many small geometryparts close to each other that should occlude each other. MSSAO shouldbe used for outdoor scenes with a lot of vegetation which has many smallgeometry parts close to each other that should occlude. At higher resolution,MSSAO takes longer computational time as compared with SAO, while atlower resolution the computational time is similar.

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Murthy, Rekha (Rekha S. ). "Street media : ambient messages in an urban space." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39182.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Comparative Media Studies, 2005.
Includes bibliographical references (v. 2, leaves 126-137).
Ambient street media are the media of our everyday lives in cities. Manifested in bits and fragments on the surfaces of the streetscape, these media often escape our notice - tuned out as visual clutter or dismissed as unimportant. Yet, attentive viewing and analysis reveal much about the local culture of communication and expression. This thesis blends empirical and theoretical methodologies in a year-long photographic study that takes a fresh look at the concepts and realities of "media," "the city," and "the everyday," and sets several disciplines in interaction with one another. Ambient street media include news racks, traffic and street signs, storefronts, sandwichboards, graffiti, stickers, murals, and flyers. This is in contrast to conventional notions of "the media" as one-to-many communication modalities consumed primarily in the domestic space, particularly television, radio, major newspapers, and the Internet. Studies of media in everyday life typically address these mass media, passing over ambient street media for any detailed examination. By examining both the explicit and implicit facets of street communications, this study elevates their importance in a number of disciplines, from cultural studies to urban design and planning. For example, we find much to counter postmodern anxieties about cities.
(cont.) While evidence of globalization and the prioritization of government and corporate interests over those of local entities and autonomous individuals are easily found, the ecology of street media includes a vibrant array of individual communications. Currently, much of the media made by individuals are unauthorized to appear where they do. But in the commercial area of Central Square, in Cambridge, Massachusetts, they are accorded a high degree of tolerance by local authorities, making this a unique laboratory in which to see what happens when streetscape surfaces are accessible to many. The streetscape can be viewed as a communication medium in itself, special for its direct accessibility and affordability as well as the immediacy with which messages posted there can be received. Urban planners who seek to design spaces that give people a sense of place are encouraged to more equitably apportion space among government, commercial, and individual interests and add surfaces that are more accommodating to a wider array of inscriptions.
by Rekha Murthy.
S.M.

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Ghavamian, Pooria. "Real-time Raytracing and Screen-space Ambient Occlusion." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-254990.

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This paper investigates the advances in real-time ambient occlusion (AO). Topics discussed are state-of-the-art screen-space techniques and raytraced ambient occlusion. Methods compared are our screen-space ambient occlusion (SSAO) variant, horizon-based ambient occlusion(HBAO), Unity’s scalable AO (AlchemyAO), multi-scale volumetric AO (MSVO), and raytraced AO (RTAO). The methods were compared based on the errors produced in dynamic scenes, performance and similarity to reference scenes rendered by an offline raytracer. Important dynamic scene errors were highlighted, visual results were objectively evaluated using Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) and Unity engine was used as a common platform for all the methods in order to obtain performance metrics. RTAO managed to achieve a strikingly high SSIM score, while, MSVO traded some accuracy to be the fastest of all the methods. Further analysis of different implementations and their strengths and weaknesses are provided.
Denna studie utforskar framsteg inom realtid ambient occlusion (AO). Ämnen som diskuteras är senaste typen av screen-spaceteknik och raytraced ambient occlusion. Metoderna som jämförs är vår egen screen-space ambient occlusion (SSAO) variant, horizon-based ambient occlusion (HBAO), Unitys scalable AO (Alchemy AO), multi-scale volumetric AO (MSVO), och raytraced AO (RTAO). De olika metoderna jämfördes baserat på prestanda, likheter till referens scener och fel som tillverkas inom dynamiska scener. Viktiga dynamiska scener var markerad och de visuella resultaten var objektivt evaluerad genom användning av Structural Similarity Index (SSIM). Unity motorn användes som en gemensam plattform för alla typer av metoder för att få fram prestanda mått. RTAO lyckades att uppnå ett högt SSIM betyg medan MSVO blev den snabbaste av alla metoder dock har lägre precision. Ytterligare analys av olika genomföringar och deras styrkor samt svagheter ingår i rapporten.

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Casasola, Marianella. "Infant spatial categories : does ambient language play a role? /." Digital version:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p9992763.

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Dikman, David. "Ambient Occlusion i Realtid." Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Humanities and Informatics, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-1109.

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Ambient Occlusion är en teknik för ambient ljussättning i digitala tredimensionella scener. Sådana scener ljussätts vanligtvis med en konstant mängd ambient ljus på samtliga ytor oberoende av ytornas vinkel och position gentemot olika ljuskällor i scenen. Detta ger ett platt och kalt intryck och utan vidare ljussättningstekniker är det ytterst svårt att urskönja detaljer i scenen. Ambient Occlusion åthjälper detta genom att reducera mängden ambient ljus i vissa delar av scenen. Ambient ljus är en enkel approximation av det reflekterade diffusa ljuset som antas nå nästan överallt i scenen. Genom att sänka det ambienta ljuset på punkter i scenen med tät eller täckande geometri så ger Ambient Occlusion ett intryck av att det sekundära diffusa ljuset ej når dessa platser. Pappret undersöker en äldre variant av Ambient Occlusion där mängden ambient ljus beräknas statiskt för en scen och sparas i texturer. Vidare undersöks nyare metoder där mängden ambient ljus beräknas dynamiskt på den renderade scenen i Pixel Shaders. Det senare tillvägagångssättet kallas Image Based Ambient Occlusion eller Screen Space Ambient Occlusion. Detta nya tillvägagångssätt jämförs mot den traditionella angreppsvinkeln med förberäknade texturer. Teknikerna utvärderas och jämförs mot varandra i avseende på tids- och minneskomplexitet, enkelhet och visuellt resultat utöver specifika egenskaper för de enskilda teknikerna. Arbetets resultat beskrivs i slutet av rapporten. I resultatet presenteras hur shaderteknikerna pga sina brister inte är applicerbara i alla scener.

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Tan, Ning. "Posture and Space in Virtual Characters : application to Ambient Interaction and Affective Interaction." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00675937.

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Multimodal communication is key to smooth interactions between people. However, multimodality remains limited in current human-computer interfaces. For example, posture is less explored than other modalities, such as speech and facial expressions. The postural expressions of others have a huge impact on how we situate and interpret an interaction. Devices and interfaces for representing full-body interaction are available (e.g., Kinect and full-body avatars), but systems still lack computational models relating these modalities to spatial and emotional communicative functions.The goal of this thesis is to lay the foundation for computational models that enable better use of posture in human-computer interaction. This necessitates addressing several research questions: How can we symbolically represent postures used in interpersonal communication? How can these representations inform the design of virtual characters' postural expressions? What are the requirements of a model of postural interaction for application to interactive virtual characters? How can this model be applied in different spatial and social contexts?In our approach, we start with the manual annotation of video corpora featuring postural expressions. We define a coding scheme for the manual annotation of posture at several levels of abstraction and for different body parts. These representations were used for analyzing the spatial and temporal relations between postures displayed by two human interlocutors during spontaneous conversations.Next, representations were used to inform the design of postural expressions displayed by virtual characters. For studying postural expressions, we selected one promising, relevant component of emotions: the action tendency. Animations were designed featuring action tendencies in a female character. These animations were used as a social context in perception tests.Finally, postural expressions were designed for a virtual character used in an ambient interaction system. These postural and spatial behaviors were used to help users locate real objects in an intelligent room (iRoom). The impact of these bodily expressions on the user¡¯s performance, subjective perception and behavior was evaluated in a user studyFurther studies of bodily interaction are called for involving, for example, motion-capture techniques, integration with other spatial modalities such as gaze, and consideration of individual differences in bodily interaction.

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Puangthongthub, Sitthichok Serre Marc L. "Bayesian Maximum Entropy space/time analysis of ambient particulate matter and mortality in Thailand." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2006. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,518.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2006.
Title from electronic title page (viewed Oct. 10, 2007). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Public Health." Discipline: Environmental Sciences and Engineering; Department/School: Public Health.

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Harrison, William S. "Practical formation of empty-space silicon voids in a non-explosive semi-hydrogen ambient." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0007012.

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Acarel, Diğdem [Verfasser]. "Characterization of the Crustal Velocity Field in Space and Time Using Ambient Seismic Noise / Digdem Acarel." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1071547720/34.

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Книги з теми "Ambient space"

Ambient television: Visual culture and public space. Durham: Duke University Press, 2001.

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Thompson, Dave. Space daze: The history and mystery of electronic ambient space rock. Los Angeles, CA: Cleopatra, 1994.

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Thompson, Dave. Space daze: The history and mystery of electronic ambient space rock. Los Angeles, CA: Cleopatra, 1994.

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Thompson, Dave. Space daze: The history and mystery of electronic ambient space rock. Los Angeles, CA: Cleopatra, 1994.

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Faruque, Saleh. Free Space Laser Communication with Ambient Light Compensation. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57484-0.

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1954-, Graham C. Robin, ed. The ambient metric. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2011.

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Cardona, Mario Camacho. Hacia una teoria del espacio: Reflexion fenomenologica sobre el ambiente. Puebla: Universidad Iberoamericana de Puebla, 2002.

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van, Est Quirinus Cornelis, and Daemen Floortje, eds. Check in/check uit: De digitalisering van de openbare ruimte. Rotterdam: NAi Uitgevers, 2010.

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Socco, Carlo. Città, ambiente, paesaggio: Lineamenti di progettazione urbanistica. Torino: UTET libreria, 2000.

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Milieux ambiants: De l'image à l'espace, de l'espace à l'image. Aix-en-Provence: Presses universitaires de Provence, 2015.

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Частини книг з теми "Ambient space"

Bronzini, F., N. Barbini, G. Marinelli, M. Pantaloni, and E. Giordano. "Active Ageing and Public Space: The Creative City 3.0." In Ambient Assisted Living, 361–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01119-6_36.

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Prantl, Martin, Libor Váša, and Ivana Kolingerová. "Screen Space Curvature and Ambient Occlusion." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 51–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64870-5_3.

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Araújo, Vítor, and Maria José Pacifico. "Robustness on the Whole Ambient Space." In Three-Dimensional Flows, 99–121. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11414-4_4.

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Mathew, Sujith Samuel. "Managing Things in an Ambient Space." In Service-Oriented Computing, 226–32. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31875-7_27.

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Park, Sukjun, and Nakhoon Baek. "Outline-Dependent Screen-Space Ambient Occlusion." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 193–200. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1465-4_20.

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Mantiuk, Radosław. "Gaze-Dependent Screen Space Ambient Occlusion." In Computer Vision and Graphics, 16–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00692-1_2.

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Antoniou, Stathis. "The Ambient Space $$S^{3}$$S3." In Mathematical Modeling Through Topological Surgery and Applications, 49–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97067-7_8.

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Shmorgun, Ilya, and David Lamas. "Towards a Design Space for Ubiquitous Computing." In Distributed, Ambient, and Pervasive Interactions, 58–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07788-8_6.

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Fülöp, István Marcell, Péter Galambos, and Péter Baranyi. "Semantic Intelligent Space for Ambient Assisted Living." In Information and Communication Technologies, 396–407. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32808-4_36.

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Farina, Carla, Sotirios D. Kotsopoulos, and Federico Casalegno. "Hybrid Connected Spaces: Mediating User Activities in Physical and Digital Space." In Distributed, Ambient and Pervasive Interactions: Understanding Humans, 35–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91125-0_3.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Ambient space"

Penmatsa, Rajeev, Greg Nichols, and Chris Wyman. "Voxel-space ambient occlusion." In the 2010 ACM SIGGRAPH symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1730804.1730989.

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Kersch, Péter, Róbert Szabo, Zoltán Lajos Kis, Márk Erdei, and Balázs Kovács. "Self organizing ambient control space." In the 1st ACM workshop. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1080776.1080782.

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Bavoil, Louis, Miguel Sainz, and Rouslan Dimitrov. "Image-space horizon-based ambient occlusion." In ACM SIGGRAPH 2008 talks. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1401032.1401061.

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Hoang, Thai-Duong, and Kok-Lim Low. "Multi-resolution screen-space ambient occlusion." In the 17th ACM Symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1889863.1889885.

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Timonen, Ville. "Screen-space far-field ambient obscurance." In the 5th High-Performance Graphics Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2492045.2492049.

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El-Nasr, M. S., and T. Vasilakos. "DigitalBeing: An Ambient Intelligent Dance Space." In 2006 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fuzzy.2006.1681819.

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Rui, Chen, Hou Yi-bin, Huang Zhang-qin, Zhang Yong, and Li Hui. "Framework for Local Ambient Intelligence Space: The AmI-Space Project." In 31st Annual International Computer Software and Applications Conference - Vol. 2 - (COMPSAC 2007). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/compsac.2007.120.

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Grottel, Sebastian, Michael Krone, Katrin Scharnowski, and Thomas Ertl. "Object-space ambient occlusion for molecular dynamics." In 2012 IEEE Pacific Visualization Symposium (PacificVis). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pacificvis.2012.6183593.

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Charkani, Nabil, Mirko Cano, Stein-Wegard Svaet, and Martin Johnsson. "Migration approach of the Ambient Control Space." In 2007 16th IST Mobile and Wireless Communications Summit. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/istmwc.2007.4299230.

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McGuire, Morgan, Brian Osman, Michael Bukowski, and Padraic Hennessy. "The alchemy screen-space ambient obscurance algorithm." In the ACM SIGGRAPH Symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2018323.2018327.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Ambient space"

Penmatsa, Rajeev, and Chris Wyman. Voxel-Space Ambient Occlusion. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada586797.

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Glushkova, Todorka, Stanimir Stoyanov, Ivan Popchev, and Stoyan Cheresharov. Ambient-oriented Modelling in a Virtual Educational Space. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, April 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2018.03.13.

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Hart, Carl. Vibration survey of Room 47 with a laser doppler vibrometer : Main Laboratory Basement, U.S. Army ERDC-CRREL. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/38919.

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Plans are underway to create an acousto-optic laboratory on the campus of the Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory. For this purpose, existing space in the basement of the Main Laboratory will be renovated. Demanding measurement techniques, such as interferometry, require a sufficiently quiet vibration environment (i.e., low vibration levels). As such, characterization of existing vibration conditions is necessary to determine vibration isolation requirements so that highly sensitive measurement activities are feasible. To this end, existing vibro-acoustic conditions were briefly surveyed in Room 47, a part of the future laboratory. The survey measured ambient noise and ambient vertical floor vibrations. The ambient vibration environment was characterized according to generic velocity criteria (VC), which are one-third octave band vibration limits. At the time of the survey, the ambient vibration environment fell under a VC-A designation, where the tolerance limit is 2000 μin/s across all one-third octave bands. Under this condition, highly sensitive measurement activities are feasible on a vibration-isolated working surface. The conclusion of this report provides isolation efficiency requirements that satisfy VC-E limits (125 μin/s), which are necessary for interferometric measurements.

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Claprood, M. Spatially averaged coherency spectrum (SPAC) ambient noise array method. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/291763.

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Or, Dani, Shmulik Friedman, and Jeanette Norton. Physical processes affecting microbial habitats and activity in unsaturated agricultural soils. United States Department of Agriculture, October 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7587239.bard.

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experimental methods for quantifying effects of water content and other dynamic environmental factors on bacterial growth in partially-saturated soils. Towards this end we reviewed critically the relevant scientific literature and performed theoretical and experimental studies of bacterial growth and activity in modeled, idealized and real unsaturated soils. The natural wetting-drying cycles common to agricultural soils affect water content and liquid organization resulting in fragmentation of aquatic habitats and limit hydraulic connections. Consequently, substrate diffusion pathways to soil microbial communities become limiting and reduce nutrient fluxes, microbial growth, and mobility. Key elements that govern the extent and manifestation of such ubiquitous interactions include characteristics of diffusion pathways and pore space, the timing, duration, and extent of environmental perturbations, the nature of microbiological adjustments (short-term and longterm), and spatial distribution and properties of EPS clusters (microcolonies). Of these key elements we have chosen to focus on a manageable subset namely on modeling microbial growth and coexistence on simple rough surfaces, and experiments on bacterial growth in variably saturated sand samples and columns. Our extensive review paper providing a definitive “snap-shot” of present scientific understanding of microbial behavior in unsaturated soils revealed a lack of modeling tools that are essential for enhanced predictability of microbial processes in soils. We therefore embarked on two pronged approach of development of simple microbial growth models based on diffusion-reaction principles to incorporate key controls for microbial activity in soils such as diffusion coefficients and temporal variations in soil water content (and related substrate diffusion rates), and development of new methodologies in support of experiments on microbial growth in simple and observable porous media under controlled water status conditions. Experimental efforts led to a series of microbial growth experiments in granular media under variable saturation and ambient conditions, and introduction of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM) to study cell size, morphology and multi-cell arrangement at a high resolution from growth experiments in various porous media. The modeling efforts elucidated important links between unsaturated conditions and microbial coexistence which is believed to support the unparallel diversity found in soils. We examined the role of spatial and temporal variation in hydration conditions (such as exist in agricultural soils) on local growth rates and on interactions between two competing microbial species. Interestingly, the complexity of soil spaces and aquatic niches are necessary for supporting a rich microbial diversity and the wide array of microbial functions in unsaturated soils. This project supported collaboration between soil physicists and soil microbiologist that is absolutely essential for making progress in both disciplines. It provided a few basic tools (models, parameterization) for guiding future experiments and for gathering key information necessary for prediction of biological processes in agricultural soils. The project sparked a series of ongoing studies (at DTU and EPFL and in the ARO) into effects of soil hydration dynamics on microbial survival strategy under short term and prolonged desiccation (important for general scientific and agricultural applications).

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