We are proudly a Ukrainian website. Our country was attacked by Russian Armed Forces on Feb. 24, 2022.
You can support the Ukrainian Army by following the link: https://u24.gov.ua/.
Even the smallest donation is hugely appreciated!
Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями
Ознайомтеся зі списками актуальних статей, книг, дисертацій, тез та інших наукових джерел на тему "AIDS (Disease)".
Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.
Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.
Thomsen, Hauke, Xinjun Li, Kristina Sundquist, Jan Sundquist, Asta Försti, and Kari Hemminki. "Familial associations for Addison’s disease and between Addison’s disease and other autoimmune diseases." Endocrine Connections 9, no. 11 (November 2020): 1114–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/ec-20-0328.
Design Addison’s disease (AD) is a rare autoimmune disease (AID) of the adrenal cortex, present as an isolated AD or part of autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes (APSs) 1 and 2. Although AD patients present with a number of AID co-morbidities, population-based family studies are scarce, and we aimed to carry out an unbiased study on AD and related AIDs. Methods We collected data on patients diagnosed with AIDs in Swedish hospitals and calculated standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) in families for concordant AD and for other AIDs, the latter as discordant relative risks. Results The number of AD patients was 2852, which accounted for 0.4% of all hospitalized AIDs. A total of 62 persons (3.6%) were diagnosed with familial AD. The SIR for siblings was remarkably high, reaching 909 for singleton siblings diagnosed before age 10 years. It was 32 in those diagnosed past age 29 years and the risk for twins was 323. SIR was 9.44 for offspring of affected parents. AD was associated with 11 other AIDs, including thyroid AIDs and type 1 diabetes and some rarer AIDs such as Guillain–Barre syndrome, myasthenia gravis, polymyalgia rheumatica and Sjögren’s syndrome. Conclusions The familial risk for AD was very high implicating genetic etiology, which for juvenile siblings may be ascribed to APS-1. The adult part of sibling risk was probably contributed by recessive polygenic inheritance. AD was associated with many common AIDs; some of these were known co-morbidities in AD patients while some other appeared to more specific for a familial setting.
2
Kamradt, T., D. Niese, and F. Vogel. "SLIM DISEASE (AIDS)." Lancet 326, no. 8469-8470 (December 1985): 1425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(85)92588-7.
Marquart, K. H., H. A. G. Müller, J. Sailer, and R. Moser. "SLIM DISEASE (AIDS)." Lancet 326, no. 8465 (November 1985): 1186–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(85)92707-2.
Chen, Yahong, Jinjin Yuan, Xianlin Han, Xiaolong Liu, Xiao Han, and Hanhui Ye. "Coexpression Analysis of Transcriptome on AIDS and Other Human Disease Pathways by Canonical Correlation Analysis." International Journal of Genomics 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9163719.
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome is a severe disease in humans caused by human immunodeficiency virus. Several human genes were characterized as host genetic factors that impact the processes of AIDS disease. Recent studies on AIDS patients revealed a series disease is complicating with AIDS. To resolve gene interaction between AIDS and complicating diseases, a canonical correlation analysis was used to identify the global correlation between AIDS and other disease pathway genes expression. The results showed that HLA-B, HLA-A, MH9, ZNED1, IRF1, TLR8, TSG101, NCOR2, and GML are the key AIDS-restricted genes highly correlated with other disease pathway genes. Furthermore, pathway genes in several diseases such as asthma, autoimmune thyroid disease, and malaria were globally correlated with ARGs. It suggests that these diseases are a high risk in AIDS patients as complicating diseases.
5
Simon, Douglas, and Lawrence J. Brandt. "Biliary tract disease in aids: Aids vs. nonaids." Hepatology 12, no. 3 (September 1990): 618–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep.1840120330.
McGuinness, G., J. F. Gruden, M. Bhalla, T. J. Harkin, J. S. Jagirdar, and D. P. Naidich. "AIDS-related airway disease." American Journal of Roentgenology 168, no. 1 (January 1997): 67–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/ajr.168.1.8976923.
McGowan, Ian, and Peter Anton. "AIDS and intestinal disease." Current Opinion in Gastroenterology 13, no. 1 (January 1997): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001574-199701000-00004.
De, Cruz Glenn. "AIDS ministry a biblical, theological and cultural perspective /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1988. http://www.tren.com.
Van, den Berg Dirk Nicolaas. "Contextual factors influencing the implementation of an HIV and AIDS programme." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05022009-180244/.
Vira, Rohini. "Cross-Cultural study on HIV-positive Indian and American men on disclosure, perceived social support and psychological well-being implications for marriage and family therapists /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1069337688.
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2003. Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains p.; also includes graphics. Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: Julianne Serovich, Dept. of Human Ecology. Includes bibliographical references.
4
Faust, Linda A. "AIDS Public health implications /." Instructions for remote access. Click here to access this electronic resource. Access available to Kutztown University faculty, staff, and students only, 1991. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.
Thesis (M.P.A.)--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 1991. Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 2940. Abstract precedes thesis as [2] preliminary leaves. Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 94-100).
5
Chimfwembe, Richard. "The Roman Catholic Church and the United Church of Zambia challenged by HIV and AIDS, which results in creating poverty among Zambian people." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09182007-123736.
Wong, Wa-kit. "The needs of and care for persons with HIV/AIDS in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19537244.
O'Dell, Susan L. "Living and dying the impact and implications of HIV/AIDS on the psychtherapeutic process /." Click here for text online. The Institute of Clinical Social Work Dissertations website, 1996. http://www.icsw.edu/_dissertations/odell_1996.pdf.
Dissertation (Ph.D.) -- The Institute for Clinical Social Work, 1996. A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the Institute of Clinical Social Work in partial fulfillment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
9
Maja, Lusanda Nobom. "Experiences and feelings of counsellors involved in HIV and AIDS voluntary counselling and testing." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2008. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11262008-142405.
Woodberry, Tonia. "Development of a mucosal HIV polytope vaccine /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2001. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16255.pdf.
Scharnagl, Hubert, Winfried März, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Federico Fracassi, Alessia Diana, Thomas Frieling, et al. "AIDS." In Encyclopedia of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, 50. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-29676-8_7292.
Self, Steve, and Yudi Pawitan. "Modeling a Marker of Disease Progression and Onset of Disease." In AIDS Epidemiology, 231–55. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1229-2_11.
Polizzotto, Mark N., Thomas S. Uldrick, and Robert Yarchoan. "Multicentric Castleman Disease." In Encyclopedia of AIDS, 1–11. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9610-6_6-1.
Polizzotto, Mark N., Thomas S. Uldrick, and Robert Yarchoan. "Multicentric Castleman Disease." In Encyclopedia of AIDS, 1403–12. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7101-5_6.
Grant, Igor, John R. Hesselink, Caroline J. Kennedy, and J. Hampton Atkinson. "HIV Disease." In Behavioral Aspects of AIDS, 247–66. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9386-4_14.
Shikanai-Yasuda, Maria Aparecida. "Chagas Disease and HIV." In Encyclopedia of AIDS, 1–10. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9610-6_408-1.
Shikanai-Yasuda, Maria Aparecida. "Chagas Disease and HIV." In Encyclopedia of AIDS, 281–90. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7101-5_408.
Horsburgh, C. Robert. "Prognostic Indicators for Progression of HIV Disease." In AIDS Testing, 143–51. New York, NY: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-0514-9_10.
Horsburgh, C. Robert. "Prognostic Indicators for Progression of HIV Disease." In AIDS Testing, 196–205. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0867-9_10.
De Cock, Kevin M. "AIDS — An African Disease?" In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 1–12. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9430-7_1.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "AIDS (Disease)":
1
Desmyter, J. "AIDS 1987." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644751.
AIDS virus (HIV) transmission by transfusions and blood products has been essentially halted in industrialized countries which haye introduced systematic anti-HIV screening of donations in 1985. New anti-HIV screening assays, based in part on the replacement of disrupted HIV virions by defined DNA recombinant HIV antigens, have improved specificity; sensitivity has been improved as to dectect seroconversion at an earlier stage. Confirmatory assays and (self-)exclusion of risk groups from blood donation do remain mandatory. HIVAg can be detected in some infections before antibody conversion, and HIVAg is more likely to be found in those anti-HIV positives who proceed to disease. However, there is no justification so far for routine parallel HIVAg and anti-HIV screening. There is continued uncertainty how many HIV carriers have not (yet) developed antibody, but their numbers may have been overestimated. Studies to determine how many HIV transmitters have escaped blood bank detection, and why, need to be undertaken in spite of formidable logistic difficulties.The risk of developing AIDS is now estimated at 25-50 % within 10 years after the infectious contact. It is not clear whether the risk should be estimated differently in different groups or persons. In cities in Central Africa, 5-20 % of men and women are confirmed anti-HIV positives. At least 75 % of this HIV carrier rate is due to heterosexual transmission. Heterosexual transmission has been slower in Western countries, but factors precluding slow evolution to high figures by the same route outside Africa have not been identified. Therefore, countries have no choice in advocating behaviour changes in the general population, and not only in the classical risk groups. Initial hesitations toward extended voluntary and confidential screening are dwindling. Well-conceived confidential screening may be the only way to avoid strong-armed government intervention. The latter is certain to be divisive, and is likely to be counterproductive on balance.An efficacious vaccine remains remote, but an antiviral which prolongs life by at least several months in AIDS patients, but not all of them, is now available. Zidovudine (AZT), however, is toxic and mere prolongation of life without cure will impose an additional burden on AIDS economics.A novel virus (HIV-2) has been identified and is already widespread in West-Africans. It causes AIDS, but the present ratio of AIDS cases in those infected seems lower than with HIV(-l); this feature may be transient. HIV-2 antibodies are either detected or missed by anti-HIV-1 screens; if found, they can be distinguished from anti-HIV-1 only by special confirmatory technique. New screening assays showing equal sensitivity for HIV-1 and HIV-2 in a single test should be devised. At present, HIV-2 is very rare in Western countries compared to HIV-1.
2
Vedika, R., M. Mithra Lakshmi, R. Sakthia, and K. Meenakshi. "Early Wheat Leaf Disease Detection Using CNN." In International Research Conference on IOT, Cloud and Data Science. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-653bh6.
Smart farming is an innovative technology that aids in the improvement of the country's agricultural produce quality and quantity. Wheat is the most important crop in most parts of India. Wheat leaf diseases have a significant impact on production rates and farmer earnings. It poses a significant danger to food security because it affects crop productivity and degrades crop quality. Accurate and precise disease detection has posed a significant challenge, but recent advances in computer vision enabled by deep learning have paved the road for camera-assisted wheat leaf disease diagnosis. Using a CNN trained with a publicly available wheat leaf disease model, several machine learning algorithms and neuron- and layer-wise visualization methods are applied.
3
Lefrere, J. J., D. Vittecoq, D. Gozin, and J. Modai. "CIRCULATING ANTICOAGULANT IN AIDS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644859.
The frequency of a circulating anticoagulant has been reported to be high in AIDS, in particular in case of Pneumocystic carinii pneumonia (Pep). Twenty-five non-hemophiliac patients (23 homosexual males,1 drug addict, 1 tranfused) with AIDS were followed over a six month period. Mean age was 32 (21-42). All patients had a markedly decreased T4/T8 ratio (mean 0.12), a low absolute T4 level (mean : 155/mm3), an elevated total serum immunoglobulins level.Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombintime and thrombin time were measured once a week during hospitalisation. A prolonged APTT (more than 10 seconds as compared to controls) with normal prothrombin time and thrombin time was found only once in 11patients and in two or more occasions in two others.No specific factor level of intrinsic pathway wasfound low enough to explain a prolonged APTT.Evidenceofcirculating anticoagulant (failure to correct aprolonged APTT by equal mixure of normal plasma and patient plasma) was found in all these 13 patients.Nothrombotic or haemorraghic manifestations occured.AIDS manifestations were 2 Pep.1 cytomegalovirus retinitis. 2 Kaposi's sarcomas, 1 Hodgkin's disease, 2 mycobacterium avium intracellulare pulmonary infection, 4 central nervous system toxoplasmosis, 1 Cryptococcus meningitis. Amongst the 12 patients with normal APTT,3_Pcp, 2 cytomegalovirus retinitis. 2 Kaposi's sarcomas, 2 central nervous system toxoplasmosis, 1 unexplained fever, and 2 oesophagus candidiasis were diagnosed. A transiently prolonged APTT associated to a circulating inhibitor seems to be common in AIDS. Weobserved this anomaly in 52 % (13/25). In our five cases of Pcp, 3 had normal APTT. During other opportunistic infections, the circulating inhibitor was found.The similar complications seen in two groups suggest that a circulating anticoagulant is not specifically associated to any opportunistic infection and any malignancybut appearr independently from these circumstances.
4
Surawit, Apinya, Chukiat Viwatwongkasem, Pichitpong Soontompipit, Prasong Kitidamrongsuk, Piangchan Rojanavipart, and Sutthi Jareinpituk. "Empirical Bayes Estimators Under Nonparametric Priors for Disease Mapping of HIV/AIDS." In 2018 International Electrical Engineering Congress (iEECON). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieecon.2018.8712325.
Parenti, Ana Beatriz Henrique, Mariana Alice Oliveira Ignácio, Thayná Santos Buesso, Margareth Santini de Almeida, and Marli Teresinha Cassamassimo Duarte. "Avaliação do conhecimento sobre infecções sexualmente transmissíveis e aids de mulheres que fazem sexo com mulheres." In XIII Congresso da Sociedade Brasileira de DST - IX Congresso Brasileiro de AIDS - IV Congresso Latino Americano de IST/HIV/AIDS. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/dst-2177-8264-202133p031.
Introdução: A literatura aponta escassez de estudos sobre saúde sexual e comportamentos de risco de mulheres que fazem sexo com mulheres que vivem em países de baixa e média renda, relatando níveis insuficientes de conhecimentos, altas prevalências de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis e baixa prevalência de uso consistente de barreiras de proteção. Objetivo: Analisar conhecimentos de mulheres que fazem sexo com mulheres sobre infecções sexualmente transmissíveis e aids. Métodos: Estudo transversal desenvolvido no estado de São Paulo, Brasil. A amostra intencional foi constituída por 260 mulheres (81 mulheres que fazem sexo com mulheres e 179 mulheres que fazem sexo apenas com homens). Os dados foram obtidos de maio de 2019 a novembro de 2020 por meio de formulário com questões relativas às variáveis sociodemográficas e do instrumento validado Sexually Transmitted Disease Knowledge Questionnaire (STD-KQ), composto de 28 questões adaptadas para o português brasileiro, que tem por objetivo avaliar o conhecimento a respeito de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis/aids. Para estudar a associação entre parceria sexual e baixo nível de conhecimento sobre infecções sexualmente transmissíveis/aids (escore menor que 50% de acertos no Sexually Transmitted Disease Knowledge Questionnaire), foram ajustados modelos de regressão múltipla de Cox, sendo significativas as associações com p<0,05. O projeto de pesquisa recebeu parecer favorável sob n° 3.320.951. Resultados: Das 260 participantes, predominaram aquelas autorreferidas como brancas (77,3%), solteiras (77,3%) e com elevado nível de escolaridade (86,5%). A média de idade foi de 26 anos (18-50). A mediana do percentual de acerto das questões do Sexually Transmitted Disease Knowledge Questionnaire das mulheres que fazem sexo com mulheres foi inferior à das mulheres que fazem sexo com homens (68% [18-96%] versus 75% [14-96%], p=0,023). Fazer sexo com mulher associou-se independentemente ao baixo conhecimento sobre infecções sexualmente transmissíveis/aids [razão de prevalência = 2,36(1,05-5,31), p=0,038]. Conclusão: Mulheres que fazem sexo com mulheres apresentam maior prevalência de baixo conhecimento sobre infecções sexualmente transmissíveis/aids. Fazer sexo com mulher se associou a esse desfecho, indicando necessidade de educação em saúde para esse grupo a fim de reduzir sua vulnerabilidade a essas infecções.
6
Yungchang Ku, Chaochang Chiu, Yulei Zhang, Li Fan, and Hsinchun Chen. "Global disease surveillance using social media: HIV/AIDS content intervention in web forums." In 2010 IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isi.2010.5484749.
Lubis, Frihastina, and Tambar Kembaren. "HIV / AIDS Prevalence and Risk Factors: Analysis of Changes over Time at H. Adam Malik General Hospital in Medan." In The 2nd International Conference on Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0009861200970101.
Tareq HAMMOODI, Zeyad. "CORONA EPIDEMIC (COVD 19) BETWEEN SHARIA AND MEDICINE." In International Research Congress of Contemporary Studies in Social Sciences (Rimar Congress 2). Rimar Academy, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/rimarcongress2-7.
The Corona epidemic is a wide group of viruses that include viruses that can cause a group of illnesses in humans, ranging from the common cold to severe acute respiratory syndrome, as there is no definitive and specific treatment for the epidemic. The medicines used are helpful and supportive, and they mostly aim to reduce the patient’s temperature with the use of pulmonary resuscitation devices, as the body’s resistance depends on autoimmunity, as it is the main factor in preventing this epidemic, and here we must know the role of medical and forensic scholars in preventing and treating With what appears from this epidemic and other epidemics, we do not know when and how they will appear to the world. The emergence of this disease is an extension of several diseases before it and the so-called (contemporary diseases), which are contagious communicable diseases, including bird flonza disease, swine flonza, sass and AIDS, mad cow disease, Ebola, human papillomavirus, herpes simplex virus, yellow fever, and many others These diseases are epidemic.
9
Nitidejvisit, Anantapon, Chukiat Viwatwongkasem, Jutatip Sillabutra, Pichitpong Soontornpipit, and Pratana Satitvipawee. "Bayesian Approach with Different Heterogeneity Variance Priors in Disease Mapping of HIV/AIDS in Thailand." In 2018 International Electrical Engineering Congress (iEECON). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieecon.2018.8712198.
Hansen, Laura, Manu O. Platt, Roy L. Sutliff, and Rudolph L. Gleason. "The Mechanical and Structural Changes in Murine Arteries due to the Antiretroviral Drug Azidothymidine (AZT)." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80799.
With over 33 million people infected with the human immunodefeciency virus (HIV-1), HIV-1 and autoimmune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a worldwide epidemic [1]. However, the development and widespread use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has helped transform HIV-1 infection from a terminal disease leading to AIDS to a manageable chronic condition. With the increase in life expectancy, a new set of non-AIDS related complications has emerged including dyslipidemia, lipodystrophy, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) specifically high risks for myocardial infarction[2] and increased incidence of atherosclerosis [3]. Additionally, patients exhibit markers of subclinical atherosclerosis including endothelial dysfunction [4], carotid artery intima-media thickening [5], and arterial stiffening [4, 6].
Звіти організацій з теми "AIDS (Disease)":
1
Zheng, Ruo-xiang, Xun Li, Jing Li, Zhen-wei Liu, Feng Jiang, Nicola Robinson, and Jian-ping Liu. Does Chinese herbal remedy Tangcao tablet work for the treatment of HIV/AIDS：a systematic review of controlled clinical trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.6.0042.
Review question / Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Tangcao tablet (Tangcao) for treating people with HIV/AIDS. Condition being studied: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a chronic infectious disease characterized by severe immunodeficiency caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The infection attacks specifically the white blood cells, CD4+T (CD4) cells, weakening the immunity of individuals against infections such as tuberculosis. Without treatment, patients with AIDS may survive up to 2 years. Pneumocystis pneumonia and infections of the central nervous system are two of the most common causes of death in people with AIDS. AIDS still remains a significant global public health problem, with an estimated 37.7 million people infected with HIV at the end of 2020.
2
Haider, Huma. Malaria, HIV and TB in Nigeria: Epidemiology and Disease Control Challenges. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.040.
Nigeria has the world’s highest number of people affected by malaria and the world’s second largest human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS burden. There is a high occurrence of co-infection of malaria in HIV patients (Gumel et al., 2021). Nigeria is also ranked as one of the thirty high tuberculosis (TB) and TB-HIV co-infection burden countries in the world (Odume et al., 2020, 8). Co-infection can make each disease more severe and potentially more infectious (Gumel et al., 2021; Jemikalajah et al., 2021; Chukwuocha et al., 2019). This rapid literature review highlights key aspects of the epidemiology of malaria, HIV and TB in Nigeria, in addition to challenges in controlling the three diseases, in terms of prevention, detection and treatment. This is part of a series of reports looking into Epidemiology of Malaria, human immune deficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) across a set of African Nations.
3
van Dam, Johannes, and Sherry Hutchinson. Access to treatment for HIV/AIDS: Report of a meeting of international experts. Population Council, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/hiv2002.1000.
As of December 2001, the number of people living with HIV/AIDS is estimated at 40 million, and most live in the developing world. Advances in the development and availability of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs have led to a paradigm shift in most of the industrialized world, where highly active ARV therapy has resulted in a significant reduction in the prevalence of AIDS-related morbidity and mortality. In most of the developing world, however, the focus of national programs and international support continues to be on prevention and care in the absence of ARV treatment. While the moral imperative to provide the best possible treatment for people with AIDS-related disease is widely recognized, national governments and donors have been reluctant to enter into this endeavor citing numerous concerns. Ministries of health and the international donor community need guidance on developing and implementing effective HIV/AIDS treatment programs. To explore and prioritize operations research questions about access to treatment for HIV/AIDS, the Horizons Program convened a two-day meeting of international researchers and program managers in Washington, DC, on June 12–13, 2001. This report presents the findings and recommendations discussed at the meeting.
4
Liang, BiYan, BiYan Liang, and Jian Wang. A Meta Analysis of the Efficacy of Tonic Method in Traditional Chinese Medicine for AIDS Immunological Nonresponses. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.4.0077.
Review question / Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of tonic method in treating AIDS immunological nonresponses. Eligibility criteria: ①Study type: RCT based on tonic method in TCM for AIDS INRs. The language was limited to Chinese and English. ②The research object: HIV/AIDS patients with any disease stage; the intervention objects were adults with no gender restrictions. ③Intervention measures: The treatment group was treated with tonic prescriptions combined with ART, including four types of prescriptions for nourishing qi, nourishing blood, nourishing yin, or nourishing yang; the dosage, frequency, and method were not limited. The control group was treated with ART or mock agent and placebo. ④Outcome indicators: The observation indicators reported in the included studies should include at least one of the following indicators: 1) Effective rate of immune function reconstruction: formulated in accordance with "AIDS (Adult) Chinese Medicine Diagnosis and Treatment Program" (2016 Edition) , effective: CD4 + T lymphocyte counts increased by ≥ 50 cells/l or ≥ 30%, invalid: CD4+ T lymphocyte counts decreased by ≥ 50 cells/l or ≥ 30%; total effective rate = effective number/total number; 2) CD4+T lymphocyte counts level.
5
Davis, Robert E., Edna Tanne, James P. Prince, and Meir Klein. Yellow Disease of Grapevines: Impact, Pathogen Molecular Detection and Identification, Epidemiology, and Potential for Control. United States Department of Agriculture, September 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7568792.bard.
Grapevine yellows diseases characterized by similar symptoms have been reported in several countries including Israel, the United States, France, Italy, Spain, Germany and Australia. These diseases are among the most serious known in grapevine, but precise knowledge of the pathogens' identities and modes of their spread is needed to devise effective control stratgegies. The overall goals of this project were to develop improved molecular diagnostic procedures for detection and identification of the presumed mycoplasmalike organism (MLO) pathogens, now termed phytoplasmas, and to apply these procedures to investigate impact and spread and potential for controlling grapevine yellows diseases. In the course of this research project, increased incidence of grapevine yellows was found in Israel and the United States; the major grapevine yellows phytoplasma in Israel was identified and tis 16S rRNA gene characterized; leafhopper vectors of this grapevine yellows phytoplasma in Israel were identified; a second phytoplasma was discovered in diseased grapevines in Israel; the grapevine yellows disease in the U.S. was found to be distinct from that in Israel; grapevine yellows in Virginia, USA, was found to be caused by two different phytoplasmas; both phytoplasmas in Virginia grapevines were molecularly characterized and classified; commercial grapevines in Europe were discovered to host a phytoplasma associated with aster yellow disease in the USA, but this phytoplasma has not been found in grapevine in the USA; the Australian grapevine yellows phytoplasma was found to be distinct from the grapevine phytoplasmas in Israel, the United States and Europe and was described and named "Candidatus phytoplasma australiense", and weed host plants acting as potential reservoirs of the grapevine phytoplasmas were discovered. These and other findings from the project should aid in the design and development of strategies for managing the grapevine yellows disease problem.
6
Krishnamurti, Lakshmanan, Diana Ross, Nitya Bakshi, Cynthia Brown Sinha, and Geoerge Loewenstein. An Online Decision Aid to Help Patients and Caregivers Decide on Treatments for Sickle Cell Disease. Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute® (PCORI), January 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.25302/1.2020.ce.12114318em.
Ibáñez, Ana María, Sandra Rozo, and Maria J. Urbina. Forced Migration and the Spread of Infectious Diseases. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002894.
We examine the role of Venezuelan forced migration on the propagation of 15 infectious dis-eases in Colombia. For this purpose, we use rich municipal-monthly panel data. We exploit the fact that municipalities closer to the main migration entry points have a disproportionate ex-posure to infected migrants when the cumulative migration flows increase. We find that higher refugee inflows are associated with increments in the incidence of vaccine-preventable dis-eases, such as chickenpox and tuberculosis, as well as sexually transmitted diseases, including AIDS and syphilis. However, we find no significant effects of migration on the propagation of vector-borne diseases. Contact with infected migrants upon arrival seems to be the main driving mechanism.
8
Thanda Kyaw, Ai. Socio-Economic Impacts of Foot and Mouth Disease Among Cattle Farmers in Sagaing and Mandalay Areas, Myanmar. O.I.E (World Organisation for Animal Health), May 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.20506/standz.2784.
The World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) Sub-Regional Representation for South East Asia (OIE SRR-SEA) implemented the Stop Transboundary Animal Diseases and Zoonoses (STANDZ) Programme funded by AusAID to strengthen the veterinary services and effectively manage the control and eradication of foot and mouth disease (FMD) in Cambodia, Lao PDR and Myanmar. The purpose of the study is to understand how FMD outbreaks impact smallholder farmers, both men and women, at the household and village level and how control and eradication of FMD would benefit them. Specific aims are to estimate the direct and indirect socio-economic costs associated with the outbreaks of FMD as well as of the measures taken by farmers to deal with such outbreaks and to identify issues that contributed to the socio-economic impacts of FMD outbreaks and opportunities to reduce them.
9
Prusky, Dov B., Tesfaye Mengiste, and Robert Fluhr. Mechanisms activated by fungal-based host pH modulators during quiescent infections and active postharvest disease development. United States Department of Agriculture, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7597911.bard.
This project aims were to provide new insights on the mechanisms activated during alkalinization and acidification of the infection court by Colletotrichum and Botrytis spp. respectively that will lead to quiescent infection-development on tomato fruits. We have chosen these pathogens due to their contrasting life style of alkalinization and acidification, respectively. We will study the roles of these fungal-based host-pH modulators in modulating host gene expression during quiescent infection development and compare these roles with those governing active colonization as a basis for developing novel strategies for control of postharvest diseases. The aims will be pursued through: Characterization of the effects of pH modulation on fungal-plant cell-cell signaling and on the fungal and plant transcriptome during the initial stages of fungal quiescence. The unpublished material that is presented as short abstract is considered one of the key point modulating Characterization of expression profiles of tomato fruits affected by acidifying and alkalinizing pathogensduring the transformation of quiescent to active infections by Colletotrichum and Botrytis. Functional analysis of selected genes involved in signaling pathways that affects the quiescent and active infections of Colletotrichum and Botrytis.
10
Li, Ting, Shudan Ge, Wei Zheng, Chao Luan, Xingtong Liu, Zongxiu Luo, Qi Zhao, and Lulu Xie. Effectiveness and safety of panretinal photocoagulation combined with intravitreous ranibizumab for patients with type 2 proliferative diabetic retinopathy：A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.4.0048.
Review question / Objective: Our study aims to synthesise results from randomised controlled trials to assess the effectiveness and safety of PRP combined with intravitreous ranibizumab for T2PDR. Condition being studied: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common complication of diabetes mellitus, which will seriously affect the quality of life of patients and bring great burden to patients’ families and society. DR is one of the most important diseases of blindness in people aged 20 to 60 years worldwide. Nearly 15% of diabetic patients with a disease duration of more than 5 years were combined with DR.The prevalence of vision threatening diabetic retinopathy in the United States is 4.4 percent. Worldwide, the prevalence is estimated at 10.2%.At present, the treatment methods for type 2 proliferative diabetic retinopathy (T2PDR), at home and abroad mainly include retinal laser photocoagulation and intravitreal injection of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors.
