Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Activity participation and time-use"
Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями
Ознайомтеся зі списками актуальних статей, книг, дисертацій, тез та інших наукових джерел на тему "Activity participation and time-use".
Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.
Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.
Статті в журналах з теми "Activity participation and time-use"
1
Spinney, Jamie E. L. "Aerobic Activity Preferences among Older Canadians: A Time Use Perspective." Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement 32, no. 4 (October 9, 2013): 443–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0714980813000433.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
RÉSUMÉUne population physiquement active jouit de nombreux avantages pour la santé. Cette étude visait à découvrir les préférences de l’activité aérobie chez les Canadiens âgés. Quatre cycles de données indiquant l’usage national représentatif de temps ont été fusionnées avec des informations sur la dépense d’énergie pour déterminer les taux de participation et le temps consacré en dix activités aérobiques les plus fréquemment rapportées. Les activités préférés sont dominées par les tâches ménagères (15% à 30%, la participation d’environ deux heures par jour), la marche de loisirs (15% a 30%, la parti-cipation d’environ une heure par jour), et le transport actif (généralement moins de 5% de participation pendant moins de trente minutes par jour). Bien que plusieurs modifications ont été révelées dans les préferences de Canadiens plus âgés pour les activités aérobiques au cours des trois dernières décennies, la prévalence de tâches domestiques vise à l’importance des politiques qui soutiennent que les Canadiens plus âgés resteront dans leurs maisons, alors que la popularité de la marche suggère que le potentiel de rester « piétonnier » doit être pris en compte dans la conception des quartiers.
2
Srinivasan, Sivaramakrishnan, and Chandra R. Bhat. "An exploratory analysis of joint-activity participation characteristics using the American time use survey." Transportation 35, no. 3 (January 15, 2008): 301–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11116-007-9155-3.
Повний текст джерела
3
Spissu, Erika, Abdul Rawoof Pinjari, Chandra R. Bhat, Ram M. Pendyala, and Kay W. Axhausen. "An analysis of weekly out-of-home discretionary activity participation and time-use behavior." Transportation 36, no. 5 (March 13, 2009): 483–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11116-009-9200-5.
Повний текст джерела
4
Dunstan, David W., Genevieve N. Healy, Takemi Sugiyama, and Neville Owen. "‘Too Much Sitting’ and Metabolic Risk—Has Modern Technology Caught Up with Us?" US Endocrinology 05, no. 01 (2009): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/use.2009.05.1.29.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Recent epidemiological evidence suggests that prolonged sitting (sedentary behavior: time spent in behaviors that have very low energy expenditure, such as television viewing and desk-bound work) has deleterious cardiovascular and metabolic correlates, which are present even among adults who meet physical activity and health guidelines. Further advances in communication technology and other labor-saving innovations make it likely that the ubiquitous opportunities for sedentary behavior that currently exist will become even more prevalent in the future. We present evidence that sedentary behavior (too much sitting) is an important stand-alone component of the physical activity and health equation, particularly in relation to cardio-metabolic risk, and discuss whether it is now time to consider public health and clinical guidelines on reducing prolonged sitting time that are in addition to those promoting regular participation in physical activity.
5
Ramli, Muhammad Isran, and Dimas Endrayana Dharmowijoyo. "Activity-Travel Behaviour, and Daily and Global Well-Being." MATEC Web of Conferences 203 (2018): 05004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201820305004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Using a hierarchical SEM and multidimensional 3-week household time-use and activity diary, this study investigated how interaction of individuals’ daily travel parameters, time-use and activity participation and percentage of undertaking passive leisure within various activity participation, life circumstances, and geographical conditions shape individuals’ daily and global subjective well-being. This study confirms that life circumstances insignificantly shape people’s well-being as argued as well in previous studies. Moreover, daily subjective well-being or people daily context in which contains how people organizes their daily activity-travel behaviour positively shape people life satisfaction as hypothesised. This study also confirms that different daily activity participation tends to shape different level of people’s daily subjective well-being. Spending more time-use for leisure, sport and grocery shopping tends to positively correlate with having better daily subjective well-being. Having better mental and social health are found to positively shape people’s daily and global well-being, respectively. For policy implementations, this study can say that providing more opportunities for undertaking out-of-home activities such as out-of-home leisure, sport and grocery shopping with time-use policy and denser land use planning.
6
Millward, Hugh, Jamie E. L. Spinney, and Darren Scott. "Durations and Domains of Daily Aerobic Activity: Evidence From the 2010 Canadian Time-Use Survey." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 11, no. 5 (July 2014): 895–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2012-0115.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background:This study employs national time-diary data to evaluate how much aerobic activity Canadians engage in on a daily basis, how that activity is apportioned by activity domain, and how subgroups within the population vary in their aerobic attainment.Methods:The study employs time-use data from the 2010 General Social Survey of Canada, for 15,390 respondents aged 15 and older. To estimate effort levels, the authors harmonized survey codes with those in the Compendium of Physical Activities. Aerobic activity was defined as moderate or vigorous effort at 3.5 Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET) or higher.Results:Among the 4 activity domains, aerobic participation is highest in leisure activities, followed by chores, paid work, and active transportation (AT). Only a minority (42%) of respondents recorded at least 20 mins/day of aerobic activity. Aerobic totals were particularly low for women and those in poor or fair health, and low for students, 15- to 24-year-olds, and those residing in Quebec, Ontario, and larger cities.Conclusions:The majority of Canadian adults are failing to meet recommended aerobic activity levels. However, there is considerable opportunity to increase aerobic participation for some groups, particularly women and young adults, especially in the leisure and AT domains.
7
Vandermaas-PEELER, Maureen, Erin Way, and Jennifer Umpleby. "Guided Participation in a Cooking Activity over Time." Early Child Development and Care 172, no. 6 (December 2002): 547–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03004430215104.
Повний текст джерела
8
Hunt, Eithne, and Elizabeth A. McKay. "Using population-Level Time Use Datasets to Advance Knowledge of Human Activity, Participation and Health." British Journal of Occupational Therapy 75, no. 10 (October 2012): 478–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4276/030802212x13496921049789.
Повний текст джерела
9
Nahvi, Afsah Iqbal, Adnan Abubakr, Mudasir M. Kirmani, Qurazah Akeemu, Ruchi Thakur, and Sanya Khan. "Time use participation (Pre-harvesting activities) of farm women in Himalayan region North India." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 17, no. 1 (January 15, 2021): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/ijas/17.1/100-105.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The present study was undertaken at Kunzer village located in the district Baramulla of Kashmir valley. A Total of 100 respondents (Farmwomen) actively involved in paddy cultivation were selected to study their involvement and time use pattern in various pre-harvesting activities. The study showed that majority (55%) of the respondents belonged to age group of 25-45 years and could not read and write. Most of them (46%) were living in joint family system, with 46% having 5-10 kanal of paddy land and most of them (36%) having 6-9 members in their family. Pre-harvesting activities include (Cleaning boundaries, collecting stubbles, nursey preparation, seed cleaning seed treatment, sowing, pulling out seedlings, transplanting and weeding).Seed cleaning was done by 61% of respondents for more than 4 hrs during shift one, seed treatment activity was performed by 52% of respondents for more than 4 hrs in shift one and by 52% respondents for less than 2 hrs in shift three. Sowing was done by 46% of the respondents during shift two for about less than 2 hrs with pulling out seedling activity was performed by 76% of the respondents for more than 4 hrs in shift one. Majority of the farmwomen (68%) work for more than 4 hours in shift one for transplanting of the seedlings, while 53% of respondents perform weeding activity for more than 4 hours a day during the shift one. Overall, farmwomen spent 6 hours a day in pre-harvesting activities during farming season, working for more than 4 hours during a shift.
10
Hall, Arlene E. "Perceived Barriers to and Benefits of Physical Activity among Black and White Women." Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal 7, no. 2 (October 1998): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/wspaj.7.2.1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study is an examintion of the effects of race and income on leisure-time physical activity among women (n = 116). Perceived benefits of and barriers to participating in leisure-time physical activity were also compared. A regression model utilizing social cognitive variables was used to explore factors which may predict physical activity participation. No significant differences emerged between the groups regarding the amount of physical activity they reported either by race or socioeconomic status. Time expenditure emerged significantly different by race (p < .001) and income (p < .000); middle-income women reported time as a barrier more than lower-income women and Whites were likelier to report time as a barrier more than Blacks. Middle-income women perceived greater (p < .01) physical performance benefits from exercise than lower-income women. Social interaction, time expenditure, and body mass index were the strongest predictors of physical activity. The data and findings could be useful for increaseing our understanding of economic and racial disparities in physical activity participation and garnish information for use in constructing interven programs.
Дисертації з теми "Activity participation and time-use"
1
Annear, M. J. ""They're not including us!" : neighbourhood deprivation and older adults' leisure time physical activity participation." Diss., Lincoln University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/468.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Population ageing and the tendency for older adults to have poorer health status than younger adults have raised concerns about potential increases in the number of elderly suffering disease and disability. Significantly, many health problems experienced in later life are associated with the onset of a more sedentary lifestyle. Increasing older adults' participation in leisure time physical activity (henceforth LTPA) offers an opportunity to reduce the prevalence of preventable morbidity in later life and offset a potential burden of ageing on the public health sector. As a forerunner to the development of strategies to increase older adults' LTPA participation, researchers have investigated the intrapersonal, interpersonal and, to a lesser extent, environmental influences on this health behaviour. Recent findings from studies of the adult population have suggested that neighbourhood deprivation, a measure of the socioeconomic conditions of small areas, may significantly influence LTPA participation. Extending previous findings, this research investigated how neighbourhood deprivation influenced older adults' LTPA participation. A total of 63 older adults were recruited from high- and low-deprivation neighbourhoods in Christchurch, New Zealand. Neighbourhoods were selected because of their relative positions on the New Zealand Deprivation Index and were characterised by the researcher as "East-town", a neighbourhood of high deprivation, and "West-town", a neighbourhood of low deprivation. The research incorporated a cross-sectional, comparative and mixed-methods approach. The methods of enquiry employed in this research included a recall survey, Q method, and semi-structured interviewing. Each method addressed a different aspect of the primary research question and provided data that was used in the creation of an integrated model depicting the influence of neighbourhood deprivation on older adults' LTPA participation. The results derived from the three research methods showed that older adults from the low-deprivation neighbourhood of West-town participated in LTPA more frequently than older adults from the high-deprivation neighbourhood of East-town. East-town was identified as having many physical and social environmental constraints to LTPA and comparatively few facilitators. Alternatively, West-town was found to have many physical and social environmental facilitators to LTPA and relatively few constraints. Neighbourhood attributes which appeared to influence older adults' LTPA participation included appropriateness of leisure provision, neighbourhood attractiveness, walkability, traffic, and perceptions of crime and antisocial behaviour. One implication of this research is that environmental interventions should be considered in attempts to engage older adults in LTPA for health purposes, particularly in high-deprivation neighbourhoods.
2
Craike, Melinda Jane, and n/a. "An Exploratory Study of the Social Psychological Determinants of Regular Participation in Leisure-Time Physical Activity." Griffith University. Griffith Business School, 2005. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20060810.154920.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Despite the widely documented physical, psychological, and social benefits of regular participation in physical activity (Bauman & Campbell, 2001; Blair, Kohl & Barlow, 1995; Paluska & Schwenk, 2000; U.S Department of Health & Human Services, 1996), less than half of the Australian population participate in 'sufficient' levels of physical activity in terms of time and frequency of participation (Bauman, Ford & Armstrong, 2001). Thus the examination of social psychological determinants of regular participation in leisure-time physical activity is important. A mixed methods approach was adopted to identify and test the important social psychological determinants of regular participation in leisure-time physical activity. Phase one of the study was qualitative in nature and adopted a grounded theory approach. A number of important themes emerged from the qualitative phase, including: definitions and meanings of physical activity; physical activity and choice, obligation, reasons for participation; enjoyment of physical activity; changing perceptions and influences on physical activity from childhood to adulthood; and priority of physical activity. The interrelations between these themes and their impact on regularity of participation were explored. These findings, along with theoretical propositions and evidence from previous studies, contributed to the development of a model of the social psychological determinants of regular participation in leisure-time physical activity. They also contributed to the development of items to measure important concepts in the model. Phase two was quantitative in nature and used structural equation modelling to test the model. The quantitative phase involved a sample of 250 people aged 19-87 years living in an Australian capital city. Self-report questionnaires measured regularity of participation in leisure-time physical activity (dependent variable), leisure-time physical activity behaviour regulation, intrinsic motivation towards leisure-time physical activity, enjoyment of leisure-time physical activity, and priority of leisure-time physical activity (independent and mediating variables). Each of the independent and mediating variables was multidimensional in nature, the components of which were assessed using confirmatory factor analysis in structural equation modelling prior to the testing of structural models. After some adjustment, the predictors were satisfactorily represented by their respective multifactor models, except intrinsic motivation, which was best represented by a single factor model. Following modification, the proposed model of the social psychological determinants of regular participation in leisure-time physical activity was found to be a good fit of the data. Relationships within the model indicated the importance of the priority of leisure-time physical activity factors in the prediction of regular participation in leisure-time physical activity. The influence of preference for leisure-time physical activity on regular participation in leisure-time physical activity was mediated by level of priority and making time for leisure-time physical activity. That is, people who preferred to participate in leisure-time physical activity over other types of leisure tended to make it a higher priority, and, in turn, tended to make time to participate. Making time was subsequently associated with increased regularity of participation in leisure-time physical activity. The enjoyment factors influenced regular participation in leisure-time physical activity through their influence on preference for leisure-time physical activity. Activity enjoyment had a positive influence on preference and enjoyment dependent on surroundings had a negative influence. However, in the overall model, the behaviour regulators and intrinsic motivation attenuated the influence of the enjoyment factors on preference for leisure-time physical activity. This suggested that people's underlying behaviour regulators and levels of intrinsic motivation have a similar influence on their preference for leisure-time physical activity as their feelings of enjoyment. However, behaviour regulators and intrinsic motivation appear to be more powerful influences of preference than enjoyment. Intrinsic motivation towards leisure-time physical activity positively influenced regular participation in leisure-time physical activity through its influence on preference for leisure-time physical activity. It also had a direct influence on regularity of participation. Thus, people who were more intrinsically motivated tended to participate more regularly in leisure-time physical activity partly because they formed preferences for physical activity over other types of leisure. Furthermore, the direct influence of intrinsic motivation on regular participation suggested that there were explanations, beyond that of preference and priority, for why those who were intrinsically motivated tended to participate more regularly in leisure-time physical activity. The behaviour regulators of external regulation (negative), introjected regulation (positive) and identified regulation (positive) influenced regularity of participation in leisure-time physical activity mostly through their influence on intrinsic motivation towards leisure-time physical activity. That is, when people felt their physical activity was externally regulated, they felt less intrinsically motivated to participate and this was subsequently associated with less regular participation. On the other hand, when people were regulated by introjection and identification, they tended to feel more intrinsically motivated and this was subsequently associated with more regular participation. External regulation and introjected regulation also had a direct negative influence on preference for leisure-time physical activity and perceptions of the availability of time, respectively. Thus, people who felt externally regulated tended to have less preference for leisure-time physical activity and those who were regulated through introjection were more likely to perceive that they did not have the time to participate. This study contributes to the body of knowledge by highlighting the importance of preferences and prioritisation on perceptions of time availability, and subsequently, regularity of participation in leisure-time physical activity. It also demonstrated that behaviour regulators and intrinsic motivation are important determinants of regular participation in leisure-time physical activity in a general community sample. These findings have theoretical and practical implications for researchers, leisure professionals, and policy makers. They also suggest a number of significant areas of further research.
3
Craike, Melinda Jane. "An Exploratory Study of the Social Psychological Determinants of Regular Participation in Leisure-Time Physical Activity." Thesis, Griffith University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366174.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Despite the widely documented physical, psychological, and social benefits of regular participation in physical activity (Bauman & Campbell, 2001; Blair, Kohl & Barlow, 1995; Paluska & Schwenk, 2000; U.S Department of Health & Human Services, 1996), less than half of the Australian population participate in 'sufficient' levels of physical activity in terms of time and frequency of participation (Bauman, Ford & Armstrong, 2001). Thus the examination of social psychological determinants of regular participation in leisure-time physical activity is important. A mixed methods approach was adopted to identify and test the important social psychological determinants of regular participation in leisure-time physical activity. Phase one of the study was qualitative in nature and adopted a grounded theory approach. A number of important themes emerged from the qualitative phase, including: definitions and meanings of physical activity; physical activity and choice, obligation, reasons for participation; enjoyment of physical activity; changing perceptions and influences on physical activity from childhood to adulthood; and priority of physical activity. The interrelations between these themes and their impact on regularity of participation were explored. These findings, along with theoretical propositions and evidence from previous studies, contributed to the development of a model of the social psychological determinants of regular participation in leisure-time physical activity. They also contributed to the development of items to measure important concepts in the model. Phase two was quantitative in nature and used structural equation modelling to test the model. The quantitative phase involved a sample of 250 people aged 19-87 years living in an Australian capital city. Self-report questionnaires measured regularity of participation in leisure-time physical activity (dependent variable), leisure-time physical activity behaviour regulation, intrinsic motivation towards leisure-time physical activity, enjoyment of leisure-time physical activity, and priority of leisure-time physical activity (independent and mediating variables). Each of the independent and mediating variables was multidimensional in nature, the components of which were assessed using confirmatory factor analysis in structural equation modelling prior to the testing of structural models. After some adjustment, the predictors were satisfactorily represented by their respective multifactor models, except intrinsic motivation, which was best represented by a single factor model. Following modification, the proposed model of the social psychological determinants of regular participation in leisure-time physical activity was found to be a good fit of the data. Relationships within the model indicated the importance of the priority of leisure-time physical activity factors in the prediction of regular participation in leisure-time physical activity. The influence of preference for leisure-time physical activity on regular participation in leisure-time physical activity was mediated by level of priority and making time for leisure-time physical activity. That is, people who preferred to participate in leisure-time physical activity over other types of leisure tended to make it a higher priority, and, in turn, tended to make time to participate. Making time was subsequently associated with increased regularity of participation in leisure-time physical activity. The enjoyment factors influenced regular participation in leisure-time physical activity through their influence on preference for leisure-time physical activity. Activity enjoyment had a positive influence on preference and enjoyment dependent on surroundings had a negative influence. However, in the overall model, the behaviour regulators and intrinsic motivation attenuated the influence of the enjoyment factors on preference for leisure-time physical activity. This suggested that people's underlying behaviour regulators and levels of intrinsic motivation have a similar influence on their preference for leisure-time physical activity as their feelings of enjoyment. However, behaviour regulators and intrinsic motivation appear to be more powerful influences of preference than enjoyment. Intrinsic motivation towards leisure-time physical activity positively influenced regular participation in leisure-time physical activity through its influence on preference for leisure-time physical activity. It also had a direct influence on regularity of participation. Thus, people who were more intrinsically motivated tended to participate more regularly in leisure-time physical activity partly because they formed preferences for physical activity over other types of leisure. Furthermore, the direct influence of intrinsic motivation on regular participation suggested that there were explanations, beyond that of preference and priority, for why those who were intrinsically motivated tended to participate more regularly in leisure-time physical activity. The behaviour regulators of external regulation (negative), introjected regulation (positive) and identified regulation (positive) influenced regularity of participation in leisure-time physical activity mostly through their influence on intrinsic motivation towards leisure-time physical activity. That is, when people felt their physical activity was externally regulated, they felt less intrinsically motivated to participate and this was subsequently associated with less regular participation. On the other hand, when people were regulated by introjection and identification, they tended to feel more intrinsically motivated and this was subsequently associated with more regular participation. External regulation and introjected regulation also had a direct negative influence on preference for leisure-time physical activity and perceptions of the availability of time, respectively. Thus, people who felt externally regulated tended to have less preference for leisure-time physical activity and those who were regulated through introjection were more likely to perceive that they did not have the time to participate. This study contributes to the body of knowledge by highlighting the importance of preferences and prioritisation on perceptions of time availability, and subsequently, regularity of participation in leisure-time physical activity. It also demonstrated that behaviour regulators and intrinsic motivation are important determinants of regular participation in leisure-time physical activity in a general community sample. These findings have theoretical and practical implications for researchers, leisure professionals, and policy makers. They also suggest a number of significant areas of further research.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith Business School
Full Text
4
Phillips, Jennifer Ann. "Time trends in overall daily physical activity and cardiovascular disease risk factors by organized physical activity participation in adolescent girls." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/9898.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2009.Thesis research directed by: Dept of Kinesiology. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
5
Augustin, Bertho. "Comparison of Different Approaches to Estimating Budgets for Kuhn-Tucker Demand Systems: Applications for Individuals' Time-Use Analysis and Households' Vehicle Ownership and Utilization Analysis." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5174.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis compares different approaches to estimating budgets for Kuhn-Tucker (KT) demand systems, more specifically for the multiple discrete-continuous extreme value (MDCEV) model. The approaches tested include: (1) The log-linear regression approach (2) The stochastic frontier regression approach, and (3) arbitrarily assumed budgets that are not necessarily modeled as a function of decision maker characteristics and choice-environment characteristics.
The log-linear regression approach has been used in the literature to model the observed total expenditure as way of estimating budgets for the MDCEV models. This approach allows the total expenditure to depend on the characteristics of the choice-maker and the choice environment. However, this approach does not offer an easy way to allow the total expenditure to change due to changes in choice alternative-specific attributes, but only allows a reallocation of the observed total expenditure among the different choice alternatives. To address this issue, we propose the stochastic frontier regression approach. The approach is useful when the underlying budgets driving a choice situation are unobserved, but only the expenditures on the choice alternatives of interest are observed. The approach is based on the notion that consumers operate under latent budgets that can be conceived (and modeled using stochastic frontier regression) as the maximum possible expenditure they are willing to incur.
To compare the efficacy of the above-mentioned approaches, we performed two empirical assessments: (1) The analysis of out-of-home activity participation and time-use (with a budget on the total time available for out-of-home activities) for a sample of non-working adults in Florida, and (2) The analysis of household vehicle type/vintage holdings and usage (with a budget on the total annual mileage) for a sample of households in Florida. A comparison of the MDCEV model predictions (based on budgets from the above mentioned approaches) demonstrates that the log-linear regression approach and the stochastic frontier approach performed better than arbitrarily assumed budgets approaches. This is because both approaches consider heterogeneity in budgets due to socio-demographics and other explanatory factors rather than arbitrarily imposing uniform budgets on all consumers. Between the log-linear regression and the stochastic frontier regression approaches, the log-linear regression approach resulted in better predictions (vis-à-vis the observed distributions of the discrete-continuous choices) from the MDCEV model. However, policy simulations suggest that the stochastic frontier approach allows the total expenditures to either increase or decrease as a result of changes in alternative-specific attributes. While the log-linear regression approach allows the total expenditures to change as a result of changes in relevant socio-demographic and choice-environment characteristics, it does not allow the total expenditures to change as a result of changes in alternative-specific attributes.
6
Thomas, Laura Tennille. "Extra-curricular activity participation, connectedness to school and cigarette and alcohol use : how the relationships work." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2010. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1865.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Extra-curricular Project (ECP) was a group randomised control trial which sought to explore the impact of extra-curricular activity (ECA) participation on health and educational outcomes for secondary students attending 18 Government and non- Government schools in Perth, Western Australia. This naturalistic observation study (2004-2006) monitored students‟ participation in ECA provided by their school, perceived connectedness to school, teachers and peers and cigarette and alcohol consumption. In this study, ECA are defined as activities students choose to do (not compulsory), are fun and are not part of normal classroom work. The four main types of extra-curricular activities in this study are: sport, recreation, the arts, and other.
The main aim of this doctoral study was to test if a reduction in smoking and alcohol use occurred amongst students who participated in ECA compared to non-participants. Three sub-studies were conducted to explore the research concepts. First, student and school-level characteristics associated with students‟ ECA participation in Year 8 were explored. Second, the contribution of connectedness to teachers and peer support to students‟ perceived connectedness to school in Year 8 was investigated. Third, the longitudinal relationship between ECA participation in Years 8 and 9 and perceived connectedness to school in Year 10 was examined.
Much research in the field of ECA has been cross-sectional in study design, limiting the investigation of causal relationships between key variables. This study sought to address this gap by examining the impact of ECA participation in Years 8 and 9 on students‟ perceived connectedness to school in Year 10. Consistency of students‟ ECA participation across Years 8 and 9 positively influenced students‟ later connectedness to school. Hence, participation in both Years 8 and 9 (consistent participation), not only in Year 8, yields beneficial outcomes for students in relation to their perceived connectedness to school.
The three sub-studies contributed to the overarching research question exploring the relationship between ECA participation and cigarette and alcohol use, and the role of connectedness to school as a mediator in this relationship. Students who reported a higher perceived level of connectedness to school were less likely to report recent or lifetime cigarette use and recent or recent hazardous alcohol use in Year 10. Moreover, mediation analyses identified that while consistent participation in ECA was not in and of itself protective of recent cigarette smoking, if through consistent ECA participation students‟ perceived connectedness to school was enhanced, this was protective of students‟ reported recent cigarette use in Year 10.
These findings suggest much can be done to reduce adolescents‟ risk of cigarette and alcohol use. First students should be assisted to develop a strong connectedness to their school to reduce their likelihood of cigarette and alcohol use. ECA participation is one way to enhance students‟ connectedness to school, but every opportunity to do so should be explored. In addition, the modification of ECA programs in Western Australian schools to encourage continued participation in multiple activities is likely to enhance students‟ connectedness to school and thus reduce the likelihood of cigarette and alcohol use.
7
Stith, Dettrick Lamont. "Time Commitment, Self-Efficacy, Social Environment and the Physical Activity Participation of Selected Hypertensive African Americans." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26452.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this study was to investigate time commitment, self-efficacy and social environment as it relates to physical activity in a selected sample of hypertensive African Americans. In addition, this study focused on identifying additional research areas in regards to hypertensive African Americans. This study utilized a quantitative method for data collection. The survey instrument utilized contained the following subtopics: (1) demographics;(2)hypertension risk factors;(3) prevention and treatment;(4)hypertension knowledge, and (5)physical activity participation.
Data collected did not support the hypotheses or information contained in the review of literature. It was revealed from data collection that 69% of the respondents (n=90) disagreed with the survey statement that â exercise takes too much of my time (time commitment).â Fifty-two percent of the respondents (n=68) either disagreed or strongly disagreed with the statement â exercise tires me (self-efficacy belief).â Forty-three percent of the respondents (n=56) disagreed with the statement â my spouse (or significant other) does not encourage exercise.â
There is a need for future investigation to examine how additional barriers to physical effect activity African Americans individually, and is there a culmination of specific barriers to physical activity that work in conjunction to inhibit African Americans to engage in physical activity.Ph. D.
8
Bourassa, Kyle J., Molly Memel, Cindy Woolverton, and David A. Sbarra. "Social participation predicts cognitive functioning in aging adults over time: comparisons with physical health, depression, and physical activity." ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622789.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objectives: Several risk and protective factors are associated with changes in cognitive functioning in aging adults - including physical health, depression, physical activity, and social activities - though the findings for participation in social activities are mixed. This study investigated the longitudinal association between social participation and two domains of cognitive functioning, memory and executive function. A primary goal of our analyses was to determine whether social participation predicted cognitive functioning over-and-above physical health, depression, and physical activity in a sample with adequate power to detect unique effects. Method: The sample included aging adults (N = 19,832) who participated in a large, multi-national study and provided data across six years; split into two random subsamples. Unique associations between the predictors of interest and cognitive functioning over time and within occasion were assessed in a latent curve growth model. Results: Social participation predicted both domains of cognitive functioning at each occasion, and the relative magnitude of this effect was comparable to physical health, depression, and physical activity level. In addition, social participation at the first time point predicted change in cognitive functioning over time. The substantive results in the initial sample were replicated in the second independent subsample. Conclusion: Overall, the magnitude of the association of social participation is comparable to other well-established predictors of cognitive functioning, providing evidence that social participation plays an important role in cognitive functioning and successful aging.
9
Dunlop, Paul M. Groff Diane Gail. "Active employees! Exploring the relationship between job characteristics, perceived constraints and participation in leisure-time physical activity." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2006. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,140.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (M.S.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2006.Title from electronic title page (viewed Oct. 10, 2007). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Science in Recreation Administration in the Department of Exercise and Sport Science." Discipline: Exercise and Sports Science; Department/School: Exercise and Sport Science.
10
Gordon, Diandra Renee. "Caregivers’ Perspectives on Family Participation in the Family Time Initiative Program: Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Cultural Perceptions." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1534749935795187.
Повний текст джерелаКниги з теми "Activity participation and time-use"
1
Gnojewski, Carol. Music and dramatics at circle time: Quick, easy ideas for active participation. Torrance, Calif: Totline Publications, 1999.
Знайти повний текст джерела
2
Dalita Mahilā Saṅgha (Pātan, Nepal), ed. Real time review and assessment report: A report on the real time review and assessment of Dalit Women's political participation in Nepal. Kathmandu: Feminist Dalit Organization (FEDO), 2014.
Знайти повний текст джерела
3
Thailand. Samnakngān Sathiti hǣng Chāt., ed. Rāingān phon kānsamrūat kānkhaorūam kitčhakam thāng watthanatham læ kānchai wēlā khō̜ng prachākō̜n, Phō̜. Sō̜. 2528 =: Report of the cultural activity participation and the time use survey, 1985. [Bangkok]: Samnakngān Sathiti hǣng Chāt, Samnak Nāyok Ratthamontrī, 1987.
Знайти повний текст джерела
4
National Association of Women's Organisations in Uganda. and Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, eds. Building democratic organisations in Uganda: Use of constitutions. Kampala: Friedrich Ebert Stiftung, 2000.
Знайти повний текст джерела
5
The sacred citizens and the secular city: Political participation of Protestant ministers in Hong Kong during a time of change. Aldershot, Hampshire, England: Ashgate, 2000.
Знайти повний текст джерела
6
Thrall, Cicciarelli Joellyn, and Williams Carolea, eds. Family time reading fun: Helping your child become a successful reader. Cypress, CA: Creative Teaching Press, 1997.
Знайти повний текст джерела
7
Clinard, Linda M. Family time reading fun : help children become successful: A resource for teachers, tutors, and parents, preschool through grade 5. Dubuque, IA: Kendall Hunt Publishing Company, 2012.
Знайти повний текст джерела
8
The networked library: A guide for the educational use of social networking sites. Santa Barbara, California: Linworth, an imprint of ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2012.
Знайти повний текст джерела
9
Wårum, Marit. Tidsbruk og aktivitet i nærmiljø =: Neighbourhood activity and the use of time. Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå, 1987.
Знайти повний текст джерела
10
New Zealand. Statistics New Zealand. Around the clock: Findings from the New Zealand Time Use Survey, 1998-99. Wellington, N.Z: Statistics New Zealand, 2001.
Знайти повний текст джерелаЧастини книг з теми "Activity participation and time-use"
1
Krupa, Terry, Megan Edgelow, Shu-Ping Chen, and Carol Mieras. "Preparing to Use This Workbook." In Promoting Activity and Participation in Individuals with Serious Mental Illness, 1–8. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003111368-1.
Повний текст джерела
2
Oehl, Maximilian Eduard. "The Effectiveness of TCL." In Sustainable Commodity Use, 73–173. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89496-2_4.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThe challenge for TCL lies in balancing the five interests associated with commodity activity—control, participation, preservation, development, and economic gain. Whereas our account of the application of TCL within the commodity governance matrix above has demonstrated which of these objectives the individual norm subsets are seeking to foster primarily, the subsequent assessment will focus on the balancing quality of TCL. Where it strikes a balance, it can be deemed to be effective in ensuring a functional commodity sector.
3
Li, Guanghui, Gang Bai, Xiaoding Li, Yunhuan Qu, and Yu Gong. "Research on the Public Participation of Nuclear Safety Based on Social Psychology." In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 1–7. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1023-6_1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractNuclear safety concerns the development of the cause of putting nuclear energy and technology to good use, environmental safety, and the public interest. The public participation of nuclear safety is an important means of popularizing safety knowledge and eliminating public concerns. Social psychology is a branch of psychology that studies the social phenomena of individuals and groups. In fact, the public participation of nuclear safety is a collective activity for citizens to integrate into nuclear safety and participate in nuclear safety. The theoretical root of public participation is social psychology. Using social psychology to analyze the behavior and ideas of various stakeholders in public participation can effectively enhance the relevance and effectiveness of public participation. Therefore, it is very important to carry out public safety research based on social psychology. This paper investigates the present situation of public participation of nuclear safety, and analyze the misunderstandings of current public participation based on social psychology: Public participation requires a high level of knowledge because more knowledgeable people are more supportive of nuclear energy; The public must either support or oppose nuclear energy, without a third option; Public opposition to nuclear energy is attributed to insufficient public participation; Wrong views should be downplayed and will disappear over time; Public participation is only the responsibility of dedicated staff. For these misunderstandings, this paper proposes a follow-up to the recommendations of public participation: Understand the conformity among individuals; Apply various measures to engage people from different groups to improve the effectiveness of public participation; Encourage extensive participation to create synergy; Step up international cooperation to promote public participation.
4
Rønsen, Astrid, and Randi Tosterud. "Training Interprofessional Teamwork in Palliative Care: A Pilot Study of Online Simulation Activity for Registered Nurses and Nursing Associates." In How Can we Use Simulation to Improve Competencies in Nursing?, 53–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10399-5_5.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractPalliative care promotes quality of life for seriously ill and dying patients and their loved ones. An ageing population with more complex chronic and life-limiting conditions will increase the demand for competence in the field. Interprofessional cooperation will be a critical factor in achieving this. Such cooperation within the field of nursing is critical because of registered nurses’ (RNs) role and function in patient- and family-centred care. A project focusing on learning interdisciplinary teamwork using simulation as a learning approach was established. Two groups of students participated in the project: one group consisted of 17 nursing associates who were participating in a 2-year part-time study programme in cancer care and palliative care at a vocational college. The second group was made up of 28 RNs, a social worker and learning disability nurses, all postgraduate students taking part in a part-time interdisciplinary programme in palliative care at master’s degree level.Simulation activity is usually conducted with participants physically present, but because of the COVID-19 pandemic situation, this was not possible. A pilot project was conducted where simulation activity was tried out as online learning. RNs and nursing associates (NA) participated, and their cooperation was focused on palliative/end-of-life care. They were all trained clinicians in two different study programmes.In this chapter, we present how simulation activity with participants physically present was transformed into an online learning situation. A brief presentation of students’ and teachers’ reflections on the pedagogical advantages and disadvantages of such a transition is also included.
5
Chapman, Amy L. "The Margins Don’t Get Erased by Simply Insisting that the Powers That Be Erase Them: Social Media as a Disrupter." In Palgrave Studies in Educational Media, 127–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10865-5_9.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractCivic education in the United States is inequitable across racial and socioeconomic lines. At the same time, social media can maintain or disrupt oppressive power structures. This chapter discusses how, in a study of teachers using Twitter for civic education, most of the teachers wanted to use social media with their students to disrupt unjust systems in their communities. Although the teachers were not yet as successful in changing these unequitable systems as they would have hoped, this chapter presents social media as a potential challenge to those unjust systems. Students who are further marginalized or vulnerable can find community and connection via social media, and social media can serve as a tool for civic participation and activism which promotes individual and community thriving. This chapter also discusses how teachers can support students in using social media for social justice-oriented civic participation.
6
Roos, Vera, Jaco Hoffman, and Choja Oduaran. "Intergenerational Experiences around Older Persons’ Cell Phone Use in Formal Public Domains." In Age-Inclusive ICT Innovation for Service Delivery in South Africa, 179–204. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94606-7_7.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractFormal intergenerational programming is a neglected aspect of social development in sub-Saharan Africa. This chapter describes interactional experiences between older and younger people around older persons’ cell phone use, situated within formal intergenerational activities in public domains. Qualitative data from older persons (responses to an open-ended question, 14 semi-structured interviews, and 22 focus groups), and from student fieldworkers (younger people unrelated to them) (135 written reflections and two focus groups (n = 25)), were analysed thematically. We found that, before the intergenerational activity, ambivalent perceptions and accompanying tensions were typical, indicating prejudice and intergroup differences on both sides. Participation in formal activities, however, brought mutually rewarding experiences, with expressions and satisfaction of needs (affirmation) and social goals (learning about cell phones). Intergenerational interactions are embedded in broader socio-economic and digital environments and informed by sociocultural norms. Although those in the private domain were not studied specifically, they emerged spontaneously and revealed ambivalence, tension and ineffective relational dynamics as well as supportive and optimal relations. Our intergenerational findings demonstrated that promoting older individuals’ optimal use of technology would require some form of formal intergenerational programming facilitated through effective interactions between older and younger people, which would also bring satisfying experiences to both groups.
7
Marois, Guillaume, and Samir KC. "Adding New Dimensions." In SpringerBriefs in Population Studies, 51–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79111-7_4.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThis chapter shows how implementing new dimensions into the microsimulation model. As examples, we add two dimensions that can hardly be implemented in a classical projection model: the labour force participation and the sector of activity (formal/informal). Those modules are implemented through statistical modeling using regression parameters. They use as predictors individual characteristics, such as age, sex, region, education, and for women, a binary variable indicating if she gave birth to a child within the last five years. Those two new variables are thus dynamically implemented, as assumptions on fertility have a direct impact on their outcomes.
8
Mayo, Nancy E., and Kedar K. V. Mate. "Quantifying Mobility in Quality of Life." In Quantifying Quality of Life, 119–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94212-0_5.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThis chapter provides an overview of the evidence linking mobility to quality of life (QoL). The findings showed that the operationalization of QoL varied across studies covering measures of physical or mental health, general health perception, life satisfaction, participation, illness intrusiveness, health-related QoL (HRQL) and global quality of life. These outcomes are sometimes single items or uni-dimensional constructs and sometimes profile measures, rendering the interpretation of findings in our context difficult. This complexity led to a revelation that one could think of QOL of the person differently from the QoL of the body. QoL of the person is best reflected through global QOL measures including those of life satisfaction whereas QoL of the body is reflected in outcomes related to aspects of function including physical, emotional, or psychological impairments, activity limitations and participation restrictions. This chapter will focus on the general construct of mobility, which is considered an activity limitation, and on the causes of limited mobility, impairments of structures and functions needed for mobility. A distinction is made between the between the person’s QoL and the body’s QoL. While the person’s QOL is best self-expressed, the body’s QOL could be monitored in real-time with the assistance of a growing portfolio of personal, wearable technologies. The chapter ends with thoughts about how QoL of the body, and especially mobility, could be monitored and what that future may look like.
9
Robinson, John P., Jonathan Gershuny, David H. Smith, Kimberly Fisher, Chang-Won Lee, and Robert A. Stebbins. "Leisure and Time-Use Perspectives on Volunteering." In The Palgrave Handbook of Volunteering, Civic Participation, and Nonprofit Associations, 126–44. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-26317-9_5.
Повний текст джерела
10
Schryer, Stephen. "Legal Services and the Cockroach Revolution." In Maximum Feasible Participation. Stanford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.11126/stanford/9781503603677.003.0004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This chapter focuses on the Chicano writer and lawyer Oscar Zeta Acosta, whose novels, Autobiography of a Brown Buffalo and Revolt of the Cockroach People, chart his transformation into a radical lawyer for Los Angeles’s Brown Power Movement. Acosta began his career with Legal Services, a network of War on Poverty–funded Legal Aid offices. When he turned to movement activism, he radicalized Legal Services’ demand that lawyers use their expertise to challenge laws that work against the interest of their lower-class clients. This demand became central to Acosta’s version of process art. At the same time, Acosta’s work replicates gender biases that ran throughout the War on Poverty. His political turn entailed his rejection of welfare mothers as clients in favor of militant young men—a turn that paralleled the War on Poverty’s focus on male delinquents.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Activity participation and time-use"
1
Hristov, Plamen. "Real-time Abnormal Human Activity Detection Using 1DCNN-LSTM for 3D Skeleton Data." In 2021 12th National Conference with International Participation (ELECTRONICA). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/electronica52725.2021.9513696.
Повний текст джерела
2
Y.A., Brislavskiy, Prazdnova E.V., Rudoy D.V., Olshevkaya A.V., Odabashyan M.Yu, Prutskov A.S., and Vershinina A.V. "USE OF PROBIOTIC BACTERIA WITH LACTONASE ACTIVITY TO PROTECT ANIMALS FROM MYCOTOXINS IN FEED." In II INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE "DEVELOPMENT AND MODERN PROBLEMS OF AQUACULTURE" ("AQUACULTURE 2022" CONFERENCE). DSTU-Print, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/aquaculture.2022.25-28.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article discusses the prospects for the use of probiotic microorganisms with lactonase activity, in particular, the evaluation of these microorganisms for the synthesis of such enzymes with lactonase activity as acyl homoserine lactonase (aiiA) and laccase (cotA). The participation of these enzymes in the mechanism of quorum quenching (Quorum Quenching, QQ) is considered. In the course of the work, the prevalence of two enzymes with lactonase activity was studied, based on the results, the most promising strains were identified, also confirmed the relationship of activity to suppress luminescence and the presence of the corresponding gene. The most promising of the studied strains can be used to protect animals from mycotoxins in feed.
3
Gonzalez-Cuevas, Gustavo, Maria Victoria Tabera, Margarita Rubio, Maria Asuncion Hernando, and Maria Jose Alvarez. "Action research plan to boost participation in college students." In Third International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head17.2017.5582.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Tackling difficulties related to student participation in the college classroom is central on the learning process. In this action-research study, we designed and implemented an action plan to boost participation on the grounds of (1) explaining the objectives and procedures for each activity to students; (2) requesting student participation by name; (3) giving them time to reflect before participating; and (4) requesting that students who are not paying attention participate. A survey was used in order to assess students' perceptions of the action plan. The survey included 10 items (1-4 Likert scale). A total of 103 students completed the survey. The scores’ mean was 3.19, demonstrating a positive student perception of the action plan. The statements with the highest average scores were: “Teacher allows time for reflection after posing a question” and “Teacher addresses specific students by name.” The instructors recorded their perceptions into writing, providing opinions on the development of the action plan. These teachers' comments were summarized into categories. In conclusion, we considered that the action plan helped to improve student participation, and we believe that in order to obtain sufficient participation we have to attain a classroom environment that favors motivation, confidence and respect for students.
4
Sokolovskaia, Svetlana, Elena Orlova, and Yuri Bakharev. "Using Online Learning Technologies to Motivate Participation in Physical Activity and Sport." In The Public/Private in Modern Civilization, the 22nd Russian Scientific-Practical Conference (with international participation) (Yekaterinburg, April 16-17, 2020). Liberal Arts University – University for Humanities, Yekaterinburg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35853/ufh-public/private-2020-80.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Remote education is one of the trends in the development of the education system in Russia. The crucial factor to the success of introducing an online course into practice is the choice of an appropriate didactic-methodological concept implemented through a variety of learning tools, target group-oriented, and learning objectives. The aim of the presented project was to create an innovative technology for online learning in the discipline of physical education within the school system, aimed at solving the problem of the low motivation of high school students engaging in physical activity. The main method of research is the psychological and pedagogical experiment with the use of diagnostic techniques and elements of the project method. The effectiveness of the project was assessed by means of a content analysis of the students’ essays. As a result of the project, a finished educational product ‘Physical Education - The Key to Success’ was created, which helps to increase the number of pupils leading healthy, active lifestyles by increasing motivation to engage in physical activity through self-determination. According to an analysis of final essays written by 9th grade pupils, self-awareness of an active, healthy lifestyle, motivation to engage in physical education and sport, and competence in online learning technologies had increased. Through the work on the course, the content of the physical education educational process was updated and techniques were found to create a positive, motivating online environment to reinforce healthy lifestyle attitudes among high school students.
5
Panova, M. A., Y. Y. Gorblyansky, and E. P. Kontorovich. "PREDICTORS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN PATIENTS WITH PROFESSIONAL COPD." In The 16th «OCCUPATION and HEALTH» Russian National Congress with International Participation (OHRNC-2021). FSBSI “IRIOH”, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/978-5-6042929-2-1-2021-1-389-392.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity worldwide. In patients with COPD, the level of physical activity is reduced, which is associated with an increased risk of adverse outcomes of this disease. At the same time, the problem of physical activity in patients with occupational COPD has been little studied. There are a number of factors affecting the physical activity of patients with COPD, one of which is exercise tolerance. To evaluate it, special tests are used, one of which is the 6-minute walk test. The aim of the study was to compare the characteristics of exercise tolerance in patients with COPD and occupational COPD. We analyzed the case histories of patients with an established diagnosis of COPD undergoing inpatient treatment and pulmonary rehabilitation. Patients (n - 35) were divided into two groups. The first group - patients with generalized COPD (n -17), men from 55.0 ± 20.0 years. The second group is patients with occupational COPD (n-18), men from 55.0 ± 20.0 years. All patients underwent a 6-minute walk test. The analysis of the results has been carried out. On average, patients with occupational COPD walked a shorter distance in 6 minutes, although these differences were not significant. In the group of occupational COPD, a larger percentage of patients had a worse prognosis in the prevention of cardiovascular complications. The 6-minute walk test can be used in combination with other assessment methods at the stages of pulmonary rehabilitation in order to determine the prognosis, determine the tolerance of physical activity.
6
Anokhin, Alexey, and Alexey Ivkin. "Evaluation of Ecological Interface Design for Supporting Cognitive Activity of Nuclear Plant Operators." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100773.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The paper describes procedure and results of evaluation of the Ecological display for monitoring and control of the drum-separators at the RBMK-type NPP. This task is characterized by heavy cognitive workload and insufficient human-machine interface. Trial operation of the proposed Ecological display has been carried out during four months at the full scope simulator of the Leningrad NPP with participation of six licensed control room operators. Four exercises and three realistic scenarios were used to collect experimental data. After execution of the tasks the participants filled the questionnaire.The results from the trial operation demonstrate that the ecological interface essentially quickens response time and execution of tasks (in more than 80% of all cases). The Ecological display provides operator with efficient feedback which ensures moderate increase of accuracy and smoothness of control actions. It was revealed that the use of the ecological interface four time reduces frequency of errors compared with the use of conventional interface. However, the efficiency of the Ecological display depends on situation. We revealed that the additional logical processing and the additional director pointer are required to prevent operator from delays and too sharp control actions
7
Gladkikh, Irina Artemevna, and Tatiana Aleksandrovna Parfionova. "A FEATURE FILM IN A RUSSIAN LANGUAGE CLASS WITH FOREIGN CADETS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE FILM "ONLY "OLD MEN" GO INTO BATTLE")." In All-Russian scientific and practical conference with international participation. Publishing house Sreda, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31483/r-104065.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article is devoted to the use of feature films in the course of Russian as a foreign language in a military university. Using films in Russian as a foreign language course allows cadets to improve their skills in all types of speech activity, contributes to the formation of their cultural competence, as well as increase interest and motivation to study Russian language. The work with the film is considered on the example of the movie "Only "old men" go into battle".
8
Morozova, Irina Stanislavovna, Evgeniia Aleksandrovna Medovikova, Daria Nikolaevna Grinenko, and Anastasiia Evgenevna Kargina. "The development of conscious self-regulation of workers of coal industry enterprises as a condition for ensuring the safety of professional activities." In All-Russian scientific and practical conference with international participation. Publishing house Sreda, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31483/r-97697.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The actual problem of our time at the enterprises of the Kuzbass coal industry is the moment of ensuring the psychological security of the employee's personality. Psychological security is a fairly broad concept that includes many components and is exposed to various factors [2]. The aim of the study is to consider the importance of self-regulation of the individual as a condition for ensuring the safety of the subject of professional activity. The following methods and techniques were used in the study: The method "Style of self-regulation of behavior" by V. I. Morosanova; Test "Meaning-life orientations" by D. A. Leontiev; Questionnaire by H. Zachera and M. Freze "Professional time perspective of the future". The research is based on the development and testing of the technology of psychological and pedagogical influence in the form of reflexive seminars, which allows to increase the level of awareness of self-regulation of subjects of professional activity.
9
Bushueva, T. V., N. A. Roslay, and A. K. Labzova. "THE USE OF IMMUNOLOGICAL INDICATORS IN ORDER TO FORM AN IMMUNOCOMPROMISED GROUP FOR VACCINATION AGAINST PNEUMOCOCCAL INFECTION." In The 16th «OCCUPATION and HEALTH» Russian National Congress with International Participation (OHRNC-2021). FSBSI “IRIOH”, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/978-5-6042929-2-1-2021-1-97-101.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract: Pneumococci (Streptococcus pneumoniae) are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among people over 60 years of age and workers in some professional groups. According to the medical literature, the frequency of invasive forms of pneumococcal infection among people of working age is 3.8 per 100,000 population. Increased susceptibility to colonization of the respiratory tract and subsequent morbidity may be due to concomitant pathology, exposure to immunocompromising, including harmful production factors. It should be noted that the source of the pathogen is not only sick people, but also healthy carriers. The level of asymptomatic colonization in the adult population is 5-7%, and in families with children increases to 30%. Vaccination is a way to effectively prevent respiratory diseases caused by this infection. The purpose of our study is to substantiate immunological indications for the formation of immunocompromised groups among workers exposed to the aerogenic factor at work for subsequent vaccination against pneumococcal infection. Results: It has been shown that low bactericidal activity of neutrophils (NBT-test) and a high level of secretory immunoglobulin can be used as a marker of immunodeficiency in workers of a ferrous metallurgy enterprise. When a doctor assesses the immune status of workers, he needs to take into account the presence of diseases that are part of the groups of immunological syndrome complexes (infectious-inflammatory, autoimmune, allergic, immunoproliferative) and the composition of industrial aerosols
10
Eisman, Andria, Daniel Lee, Sarah Stoddard, and Marc Zimmerman. "81 More than just keeping busy: the protective effects of organised activity participation on substance use and violent behaviour among urban youth." In SAVIR 2017. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2017-042560.81.
Повний текст джерелаЗвіти організацій з теми "Activity participation and time-use"
1
Fitzgerald, Shirley G., R. A. Cooper, B. Dicianno, D. Collins, E. Teodorski, A. Karmarkar, M. Sporner, P. Pasquina, T. Wichman, and A. Franklin. Impact of Physical Activity on Participation and Quality of Life in Individuals who use Prostheses and other Assistive Technology/Lower Extremity Prostheses versus Wheelchair for Functional Performance and Participation of Military and Veteran Personnel. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada574353.
Повний текст джерела
2
Matenga, Chrispin, and Munguzwe Hichaambwa. A Multi-Phase Assessment of the Effects of COVID-19 on Food Systems and Rural Livelihoods in Zambia. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2021.039.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020. The speed with which the pandemic spread geographically, and the high rate of mortality of its victims prompted many countries around the world to institute ‘lockdowns’ of various sorts to contain it. While the global concern in the early months following the emergence of COVID-19 was with health impacts, the ‘lockdown’ measures put in place by governments triggered global socioeconomic shocks as economies entered recessions due to disruption of economic activity that the ‘lockdown’ measures entailed. Data suggests that the socioeconomic shocks arising from ‘lockdowns’ have been more severe in sub-Saharan Africa countries, generating dire livelihood consequences for most citizens who depend on the informal economy for survival. In Zambia, the effects of COVID-19 combined with a severe drought, and a decline in mining activity to contribute to a downward spiral in Zambia’s economy. This report aims to gain real-time insights into how the COVID-19 crisis was unfolding in Zambia and how rural people and food and livelihood systems were responding. The study focused on documenting and understanding the differential impacts of the pandemic at the household level in terms of changes in participation in farming activities, availability of services for agricultural production, labour and employment, marketing and transport services, food and nutrition security and poverty and wellbeing.
3
Lozynskyi, Maryan. Main Features of Publishing Activities of the Ivan Franko National University of Lviv (end of the 1990s – first two decades of the 21st c.). Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2022.51.11392.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article desribes the main features of the publishing activity of the Ivan Franko National University of Lviv from the end of the 1990s and in the first two decades of the 21st century. The aim of the author was to show this activity with the help of stages of formation of the Publishing Centre at the University. For this purpose, he used historical method, the methods of analysis, synthesis, content analysis etc. One of the important landmarks of the end of the 20th century in the publishing activity of the Ivan Franko National University of Lviv which has its traditions in the past was the foundation of the mentioned Publishing Centre on the basis of Editing and Publishing Department, Machine Offset and Polygraphic Laboratories. This process was favoured by the administration of the University which supported the transfer of printing base to another building of the University. Professionals with respective qualification level and experience in the sphere of publishing and printing were gathered there. Another stage of the development of the Publishing Centre of the Ivan Franko National University of Lviv was the creation in 2006 of the Publishing Board within the University which became a generator of ideas on the development of scientific book publishing and actively cooperated with printing enterprises of Ukraine (the author of the article was a member of this board). The administration of the Ivan Franko National University of Lviv provided a substantial financial support for publication of educational and scientific literature of different genres and on different topics for educational needs both of the University itself and Ukrainian educational sphere in general. As a result of active publishing activity, the Publishing Centre of the Ivan Franko National University of Lviv since 1996 has published more than 4.5 million copies of publications whose authors are members of the academic community of the University. Among the significant publications of the Publication Centre of the last two decades the article notes Ivan Franko (10 volumes, authors – R. Horak and Ya. Hnativ), Encyclopedia. The Ivan Franko National University of Lviv (2 volumes), Social Geography (2 books, author – Prof. O. Shabliy) and others. The results of the activities of the Publication Centre of the Ivan Franko National University of Lviv were demonstrated during participation at Book Forums and other events in the publication and printing sphere. This article permits researchers in Humanities to analyze and evaluate the achievements and at the same time problems of the scientific publication activity of the Ivan Franko National University of Lviv.
4
Demeuov, Аrman, Ordenbek Mazbayev, Gulbanu Aukenova, Ihor Kholoshyn, and Iryna Varfolomyeyeva. Pedagogical possibilities of tourist and local history activities. EDP Sciences, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4620.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the new socio-economic conditions in the education system, forms of organization of tourist and local history activities are developing, which are based on traditions, experience of extracurricular and extracurricular work, taking into account the changes that have occurred in the country. Life requires that the tasks facing educational institutions are resolved quickly and have not just any solution, but one that optimizes the pedagogical process. At the same time, these requirements come into conflict with the state of the education system, the limited ability of most parents to create conditions for the full development of the child. The tasks facing the education system can be implemented in tourism and local history activities. The main task is to create the necessary conditions for the comprehensive development of the child’s personality, his social adaptation in the process of participation in various types of tourist and local history activities. However, the school teacher is not ready to organize and conduct tourist and local history activities at school, as he is not professionally prepared for this activity. Questions of the organization, forms and methods of teacher training for the organization of tourist and local history activities are practically not reflected in the educational and methodological literature. There are no scientific studies that would allow us to effectively solve the pedagogical tasks of preparing the organizers of tourist and local history activities in the school.
5
Matita, Mirriam, Ephraim Wadonda Chirwa, David Zingwe, and Jacob Mazalale. Use of Climate-Smart Agriculture Practices and Smallholder Farmer Market Participation in Central Malawi. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2022.003.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the past few decades, climate-smart agriculture (CSA) has been promoted to improve food security and raise incomes as a strategy for sustainable agricultural development. The adoption rates among smallholder farmers, particularly in Africa, remain low and have varied in different contexts. We investigated the market participation spill over effects from the adoption of CSA practices in central Malawi. We tested the hypothesis that the extent of the use of CSA practices in the past 10 years can lead to production surpluses that enable smallholder farmers to participate in markets and thereby increase agricultural incomes. The findings suggest, among others, the need to intensify efforts to promote CSA adoption specifically over a longer period for benefits of the technologies to materialise. The adoption of CSA practices over time enhances crop market participation – an important aspect required for production sustainability as well as for transforming agriculture towards greater market orientation among smallholder farmers.
6
Lopez, David, Mariana Weiss, José Francisco Pessanha, Karla Arias, Livia Gouvea, and Michelle Carvalho Metanias Hallack. The Effects of the Energy Transition on Power Sector Employment in Latin America. Inter-American Development Bank, February 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004715.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The present study analyzes the relation between energy transition and the job creation potential in Latin America. It capitalizes on companies' characteristics to infer potential hiring process drivers in forthcoming years. The analysis is based on an econometric model on cross-sectional data to explain the dependent variable "potential hiring rate" depending on the firm's size (based on the number of clients), area of activity or technology, employees' level of education, and the existence of labor policies. The data came from 338 companies interviewed, including generation, transmission, distribution, energy transition services, oil and gas, and construction companies in six Latin American Countries (Bolivia, Chile, Costa Rica, Mexico, Panama, and Uruguay). The econometric study focused on 135 companies that declared hiring new employees in the next year concerning the time they were interviewed. The results show that the smaller energy companies with a larger participation of a qualified workforce will tend to have a higher expected hiring rate in the forthcoming year, implying an inverse relationship between a firm's size and potential hiring rate. The model findings convey that as the workforce is compounded with more qualified employees, the higher the expansion of the company's labor force will be, particularly in renewable generation companies. There is an additional aspect worth considering about the factors behind the company's potential hiring rate, and it is the question of job quality. The results suggest that firms hiring more are those with a lower number of policies in place. It can be explained by the fact that more traditional companies tend to have better-established policies, such as hydrocarbon and utilities. These are not the companies with the highest increase in the workforce. This takeaway raises a discussion about whether a change in the job's quality is associated with the energy transition or if it is just associated with new entrants that will become traditional in the following years. Moreover, it also helps to explain some of the political economies of the labor market that may play a role in the energy transition process. Therefore, one of the present study's main takeaways is the need to analyze deeper and promote job quality in smaller energy companies.
7
Baird, Natalie, Tanushree Bharat Shah, Ali Clacy, Dimitrios Gerontogiannis, Jay Mackenzie, David Nkansah, Jamie Quinn, Hector Spencer-Wood, Keren Thomson, and Andrew Wilson. maths inside Resource Suite with Interdisciplinary Learning Activities. University of Glasgow, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36399/gla.pubs.234071.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Maths inside is a photo competition open to everyone living in Scotland, hosted by the University of Glasgow. The maths inside project seeks to nourish a love for mathematics by embarking on a journey of discovery through a creative lens. This suite of resources have been created to inspire entrants, and support families, teachers and those out-of-school to make deeper connections with their surroundings. The maths inside is waiting to be discovered! Also contained in the suite is an example to inspire and support you to design your own interdisciplinary learning (IDL) activity matched to Education Scotland experiences and outcomes (Es+Os), to lead pupils towards the creation of their own entry. These resources are not prescriptive, and are designed with a strong creativity ethos for them to be adapted and delivered in a manner that meets the specific needs of those participating. The competition and the activities can be tailored to meet all and each learners' needs. We recommend that those engaging with maths inside for the first time complete their own mapping exercise linking the designed activity to the Es+Os. To create a collaborative resource bank open to everyone, we invite you to treat these resources as a working document for entrants, parents, carers, teachers and schools to make their own. Please share your tips, ideas and activities at info@mathsinside.com and through our social media channels. Past winning entries of the competition are also available for inspiration and for using as a teaching resource. Already inspired? Enter the competition!
8
Philosoph-Hadas, Sonia, Peter Kaufman, Shimon Meir, and Abraham Halevy. Signal Transduction Pathway of Hormonal Action in Control and Regulation of the Gravitropic Response of Cut Flowering Stems during Storage and Transport. United States Department of Agriculture, October 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1999.7695838.bard.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Original objectives: The basic goal of the present project was to increase our understanding of the cellular mechanisms operating during the gravitropic response of cut flowers, for solving their bending problem without affecting flower quality. Thus, several elements operating at the 3 levels o the gravity-induced signal transduction pathway, were proposed to be examined in snapdragon stems according to the following research goals: 1) Signaling: characterize the signal transduction pathway leading to the gravitropic response, regarding the involvement of [Ca2+]cyt as a mediator of IAA movement and sensitivity to auxin. 2) Transduction by plant hormones: a) Examine the involvement of auxin in the gravitropic response of flower stems with regard to: possible participation of auxin binding protein (ABP), auxin redistribution, auxin mechanism of action (activation of H+-ATPase) mediation by changes in [Ca2+]cyt and possible regulation of auxin-induced Ca2+ action b: calmodulin-activated or Ca2+-activated protein kinases (PK). b) Examine the involvement of ethylene in the gravitropic response of flower stems with regard to auxin-induced ethylene production and sensitivity of the tissue to ethylene. 3) Response: examine the effect of gravistimulation on invertase (associated with growth and elongation) activity and invertase gene expression. 4) Commercial practice: develop practical and simple treatments to prevent bending of cut flowers grown for export. Revisions: 1) Model systems: in addition to snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus L.), 3 other model shoe systems, consisting of oat (Avena sativa) pulvini, Ornithogalun 'Nova' cut flowers and Arabidopsis thaliana inflorescence, were targeted to confirm a more general mechanism for shoot gravitropism. 2 Research topics: the involvement of ABP, auxin action, PK and invertase in the gravitropic response of snapdragon stems could not be demonstrated. Alternatively, the involvement in the gravity signaling cascade of several other physiological mediators apart of [Ca2+]cyt such as: IP3, protein phosphorylation and actin cytoskeleton, was shown. Additional topics introduced: starch statolith reorientation, differential expression of early auxin responsive genes, and differential shoot growth. Background to the topic: The gravitropic bending response of flowering shoots occurring upon their horizontal placement during shipment exhibits a major horticultural problem. In spite of extensive studies in various aboveground organs, the gravitropic response was hardly investigated in flowering shoots. Being a complex multistep process that requires the participation of various cellular components acting in succession or in parallel, analysis of the negative gravitropic response of shoot includes investigation of signal transduction elements and various regulatory physiological mediators. Major achievements: 1) A correlative role for starch statoliths as gravireceptors in flowering shoot was initially established. 2) Differentially phosphorylated proteins and IP3 levels across the oat shoe pulvini, as well as a differential appearance of 2 early auxin-responsive genes in snapdragon stems were all detected within 5-30 minutes following gravistimulation. 3) Unlike in roots, involvement of actin cytoskeleton in early events of the gravitropic response of snapdragon shoots was established. 4) An asymmetric IAA distribution, followed by an asymmetric ethylene production across snapdragon stems was found following gravistimulation. 5) The gravity-induced differential growth in shoots of snapdragon was derived from initial shrinkage of the upper stem side and a subsequent elongation o the lower stem side. 6) Shoot bending could be successfully inhibited by Ca2+ antagonists (that serve as a basis for practical treatments), kinase and phosphatase inhibitors and actin-cytoskeleton modulators. All these agents did not affect vertical growth. The essential characterization of these key events and their sequence led us to the conclusion that blocking gravity perception may be the most powerful means to inhibit bending without hampering shoot and flower growth after harvest. Implications, scientific and agriculture: The innovative results of this project have provided some new insight in the basic understanding of gravitropism in flower stalks, that partially filled the gap in our knowledge, and established useful means for its control. Additionally, our analysis has advanced the understanding of important and fundamental physiological processes involved, thereby leading to new ideas for agriculture. Gravitropism has an important impact on agriculture, particularly for controlling the bending of various important agricultural products with economic value. So far, no safe control of the undesired bending problem of flower stalks has been established. Our results show for the first time that shoot bending of cut flowers can be inhibited without adverse effects by controlling the gravity perception step with Ca2+ antagonists and cytoskeleton modulators. Such a practical benefit resulting from this project is of great economic value for the floriculture industry.
9
Harman, Gary E., and Ilan Chet. Discovery and Use of Genes and Gene Combinations Coding for Proteins Useful in Biological Control. United States Department of Agriculture, September 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7568787.bard.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The objectives of the research in this proposal were to (A) identify synergy among proteins that provide enhanced activity over single proteins for control of plant pathogenic fungi, (B) clone and characterize genetic sequences coding for proteins with ability to control pathogenic fungi, (C) produce transgenic organisms with enhanced biocontrol ability using genes and gene combinations and determine their efficiency in protecting plants against plant pathogenic fungi. A related objective was to produce disease-resistant plants. Fungal cell wall degrading enzymes from any source are strongly synergistic with any membrane active compound and, further, different classes of cell wall degrading enzymes are also strongly synergistic. We have cloned and sequenced a number of genes from bacterial and fungal sources including five that are structurally unrelated. We have prepared transgenic fungi that are deficient in production of enzymes and useful in mechanistic studies. Others are hyperproducers of specific enzymes that permit us, for the first time, to produce enzymes from T. harzianum in sufficient quantity to conduct tests of their potential use in commercial agriculture. Finally, genes from these studies have been inserted into several species of crop plants were they produce a high level of resistance to several plant pathogenic fungi.
10
Boisclair, Yves R., and Arieh Gertler. Development and Use of Leptin Receptor Antagonists to Increase Appetite and Adaptive Metabolism in Ruminants. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7697120.bard.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objectives The original project had 2 major objectives: (1) To determine the effects of centrally administered leptin antagonist on appetite and adaptive metabolism in the sheep; (2) To develop and prepare second-generation leptin antagonists combining high binding affinity and prolonged in vivo half-life. Background Periods of suboptimal nutrition or exaggerated metabolic activity demands lead to a state of chronic energy insufficiency. Ruminants remain productive for a surprisingly long period of time under these circumstances by evoking adaptations sparing available energy and nutrients. The mechanism driving these adaptations in ruminant remains unknown, but could involve a reduction in plasma leptin, a hormone acting predominantly in the brain. In laboratory animals, reduced leptin signaling promotes survival during nutritional insufficiency by triggering energy sparing adaptations such as reduced thyroid hormone production and insulin resistance. Our overall hypothesis is that similar adaptations are triggered by reduced leptin signaling in the brain of ruminants. Testing of this hypothesis in ruminants has not been possible due to inability to block the actions of endogenous leptin and access to ruminant models where leptin antagonistic therapy is feasible and effective. Major achievements and conclusions The Israeli team had previously mutated 3 residues in ovine leptin, with no effect on receptor binding. This mutant was renamed ovine leptin antagonist (OLA) because it cannot activate signaling and therefore antagonizes the ability of wild type leptin to activate its receptor. To transform OLA into an effective in vivo antagonist, the Israeli made 2 important technical advances. First, it incorporated an additional mutation into OLA, increasing its binding affinity and thus transforming it into a super ovine leptin antagonist (SOLA). Second, the Israeli team developed a method whereby polyethylene glycol is covalently attached to SOLA (PEG-SOLA) with the goal of extending its half-life in vivo. The US team used OLA and PEG-SOLA in 2 separate animal models. First, OLA was chronically administered directly into the brain of mature sheep via a cannula implanted into the 3rdcerebroventricule. Unexpectedly, OLA had no effect of voluntary feed intake or various indicators of peripheral insulin action but reduced the plasma concentration of thyroid hormones. Second, the US team tested the effect of peripheral PEG-SOLA administration in an energy sensitive, rapidly growing lamb model. PEG-SOLA was administered for 14 consecutive days after birth or for 5 consecutive days before sacrifice on day 40 of life. Plasma PEG-SOLA had a half-life of over 16 h and circulated in 225- to 288-fold excess over endogenous leptin. PEG-SOLA administration reduced plasma thyroid hormones and resulted in a higher fat content in the carcass at slaughter, but had no effects on feed intake, body weight, plasma glucose or insulin. These results show that the team succeeded in developing a leptin antagonist with a long in vivo half-life. Moreover, in vivo results show that reduced leptin signaling promotes energy sparing in ruminants by repressing thyroid hormone production. Scientific and agricultural implications The physiological role of leptin in ruminants has been difficult to resolve because peripheral administration of wild type leptin causes little effects. Our work with leptin antagonists show for the first time in ruminants that reduced leptin signaling induces energy sparing mechanisms involving thyroid hormone production with little effect on peripheral insulin action. Additional work is needed to develop even more potent leptin antagonists, to establish optimal administration protocols and to narrow down phases of the ruminant life cycle when their use will improve productivity.