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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Acte de Bamako"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 16 листопада 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Acte de Bamako"

Guilherme, Edson, Henrique Rocha Nobre, and Luiz Pedreira Gonzaga. "The first record of the avian near-obligate bamboo specialist dusky-tailed flatbill (Ramphotrigon fuscicauda) in the eastern Acre State, Brazil." Lundiana: International Journal of Biodiversity 4, no. 2 (December 30, 2003): 157–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.35699/2675-5327.2003.21876.

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Ramphotrigon fuscicauda, a South American flycatcher, is recorded in eastern Acre State, Brazil. Keywords: Ramphotrigon fuscicauda, Acre, distribution, Tyrannidae, Hemitriccus flammulatus, bamboo specialist.

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Chilicka, Karolina, Aleksandra M. Rogowska, Monika Rusztowicz, Renata Szyguła, Antoniya Yanakieva, Binnaz Asanova, and Sławomir Wilczyński. "The Effects of Green Tea (Camellia sinensis), Bamboo Extract (Bambusa vulgaris) and Lactic Acid on Sebum Production in Young Women with Acne Vulgaris Using Sonophoresis Treatment." Healthcare 10, no. 4 (April 5, 2022): 684. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10040684.

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People struggling with acne vulgaris, not only experience skin eruptions and skin pain, but also report that their quality of life is worse compared with healthy people. This study examined, for the first time, the effect of sonophoresis on select skin parameters (sebum level) in young women suffering from acne vulgaris. The study included 60 women 19–23 years of age (M = 21.45, SD = 0.91) with mild and moderate facial acne. The inclusion criteria were 19–23 years of age, female or male gender, mild to moderate acne, no dermatological treatment within last 12 months, and no hormonal contraception (women). No men volunteered for the study, so the group was homogeneous. The patients were divided into two groups. Group A underwent a sonophoresis procedure using ultrasound and ultrasound gel combined with a green tea, bamboo extract ampule, and 5% lactic acid. Group B was the placebo group, where sonophoresis was performed using only ultrasound gel (no ampules). The members of the placebo group were told that they were undergoing sonophoresis with a green tea, bamboo extract, and 5% lactic acid ampule. Before and after the series of procedures, sebum levels were measured in the skin. Each patient underwent a series of five procedures using sonophoresis equipment at one-week intervals. Sonophoresis with green tea, bamboo extract, and 5% lactic acid contributed to the reduction of skin eruptions and sebum levels in the participants of the study (group A). The study results demonstrated that the combined use of plant preparations, lactic acid, and ultrasound had a positive effect on the skin of people suffering from acne vulgaris, including reduction of skin eruptions and sebum levels on the surface of the skin.

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Huang, Jinfei, Yingcai Lou, Kaifang Wang, Rongjie Wang, Hubin Bai, Jun Yin, Bei Shang, Chen Wang, and Shanyu Liu. "A Unique Bamboo Leaf-Like Nanostructure Based Gas Sensor and Its Potential Application in Indoor Formaldehyde Monitor." Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics 16, no. 4 (April 1, 2021): 664–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jno.2021.2995.

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Indoor air is significant for human health, and formaldehyde (HCHO) is deemed as the major pollutant in indoor environment. Therefore, the effective detection of HCHO has aroused widespread concern increasingly. In this work, a unique bamboo leaf-like sensing material assembled by nanorods was reported and investigated their potential application in HCHO sensing. It was found that the size of nanorod which was acted as the basic unit of the bamboo leaf-like architecture could be controlled via changing the synthesis temperature. The sensing results demonstrated that the bamboo leaf-like architectures with smaller nanorods in diameter exhibited better HCHO gas response which might be attributed to the smaller size and could offer more surface adsorption sites for HCHO and oxygen molecules.

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Sefat, Khan Md, Takashi Kurose, Masahiro Yamada, Hiroshi Ito, and Shinichi Shibata. "Investigating the characteristics of a natural fiber composite fabricated from 9,9′-bis(aryl)fluorene-modified nanocellulose and bamboo fiber." BioResources 17, no. 3 (June 13, 2022): 4559–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.17.3.4559-4567.

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A composite fabricated from 9,9′-bis(aryl)fluorene-modified nanocellulose (FCF) and bamboo fiber was studied to explore its processing conditions and limitations. The FCF acted as a binding agent, and bamboo fibers were used as structural reinforcement. Two types of FCF were fabricated and studied: hydroxy and epoxy functional groups with FCF. The FCF solution was homogenized and coated on bamboo fiber sheets. These sheets were laminated with FCF by hot-pressing at various temperatures, pressures, and weight fractions. Flexural modulus and strength were determined at each processing condition. Epoxy type FCF composites exhibited superior flexural performance compared to the hydroxy type. The epoxy type showed better homogeneous dispersion, which increased interfacial area between fibers. The optimal processing temperature was 230 °C. It was considered that thermal degradation occurred above 250 °C and chemical reaction between binder and bamboo was not enough below 210 °C. Flexural performance in the composites showed that approximately 10 MPa was structurally better due to increase of contact area among fibers, which was crushed flat by pressure.

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Godoy, Fernando Igor de, Edson Guilherme, Diego Pedroza, and Ricardo Antônio de Andrade Plácido. "Avifauna of the upper Purus River: relevant records for an area lacking ornithological surveys." Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 61 (February 18, 2021): e20216121. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2021.61.21.

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Birds are the best-known vertebrate group, although many localities in the world are considered to be knowledge gaps. This is the case of many little-known environments in the Amazon biome, the world’s largest tropical forest. Here, we present a survey of birds in the upper Purus basin, comprising the municipalities of Manoel Urbano and Feijó in the Brazilian state of Acre, and Boca do Acre and Pauini in the state of Amazonas. In this region, poorly-studied habitats, such as open rainforest dominated by palms or bamboo, still predominate. We recorded 452 bird species during 45 field trips between May and July in 2016, and June to August in 2017. Twenty-four of these species are associated with bamboo habitat, 28 are endemic to the southwestern Amazon basin, and seven are threatened with extinction. This high diversity is typical of the western Amazon basin, one of the richest regions in the world in the number of species, due to the heterogeneity of the local environments. The data presented here highlight the importance of the region for the conservation of birds, including species typical of the western Amazon, some of which are still poorly-known.

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Rodrigues, Yasmin Alves, Sebastião Kennon Santos, Frederico H. S. Costa, Joao Bosco Oliveira Junior, Said Bezerra Barbosa, Moises Silveira Lobao, and Berenice Kussumoto de Alcântara. "Anatomical characterization of the roots, leaves and culms of Guadua weberbaueri in different growing environments." Advances in Forestry Science 7, no. 2 (June 28, 2020): 1025–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.34062/afs.v7i2.9366.

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There has been increasing interest in the use of bamboo for a variety of purposes. In the western Amazon region, specifically in the state of Acre, Brazil, native bamboo (Guadua weberbaueri Pilg.) grows in great abundance, which calls attention to its possible sustainable exploitation. Thus, this project aims to perform the anatomical characterization of the culms, leaves and roots of G. weberbaueri in different environments, both inside and along the border of a forest. For the analysis, samples were collected from culms, leaves and roots at the Zoobotanical Park of Federal University of Acre, and permanent slides were visualized by optical microscopy. We observed that the vascular bundles of the central leaf veins were wider in leaves from the border of the forest than in those from inside the forest. In contrast, the study of root anatomy showed differences in the diameter measurements of the xylem vessel elements, which were larger in those inside the forest than those from the border of the forest. The vascular bundles of culms did not present a difference, although a new characteristic found in this species is described.

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Chen, Xiaoyi, Liping Deng, Xin Wei, Mingpeng Li, Ge Wang, and Fuming Chen. "Measuring the Damping Performance of Gradient-Structured Bamboo Using the Resonance Method." Forests 12, no. 12 (November 29, 2021): 1654. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12121654.

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Bamboo has natural damping properties, but, due to the obvious gradient differences in bamboo walls, the damping properties of different layers may vary. Using bamboo slivers as the research object, this study investigated the underlying mechanism of the effect of microstructural and chemical components on the damping properties (η, damping ratio) of bamboo using the resonance and nonresonance methods. The damping ratio decreased on L3 (inner layer), L2 (middle layer), and L1 (outer layer) due to lower microfibril angles, increased crystallinity of cellulose, and decreased hemicellulose content. All of these limited the motion of the bamboo’s molecular chains. The damping ratio successively increased in the oven-dried, air-dried, and water saturated states because water acted as a plasticizer. The damping ratio of L1, in the oven-dried state, was slightly higher than that of the air-dried state because L1 had the lowest water content. This allowed less water to escape during drying, which intensified the molecular distortion. The initial tan δ (tangent of the loss angle) decreased successively on the L3, L2, and L1 layers of the bamboo, and the tan δ of L3 was lower than that of L2 due to changes in the temperature sensitivity of hemicellulose.

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Wang, Yali, Ruting Xu, Mingzhe Ma, Kang Sun, Jianchun Jiang, Hao Sun, Shicai Liu, Yanren Jin, and Ting Zhao. "Preparation of Microporous Molding Activated Carbon Derived from Bamboo Pyrolysis Gasification Byproducts for Toluene Gas Adsorption." Materials 16, no. 15 (July 26, 2023): 5236. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16155236.

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The effective utilization of charcoal and tar byproducts is a challenge for pyrolysis gasification of bamboo. Herein, the bamboo tar was modified via polymerization and acted as a new adhesive for the preparation of excellent bamboo-charcoal-derived molding activated carbon (MBAC). As compared with pristine tar and other adhesives, the aromatization of tar with phenol increased its molecular weight, oxygenic functional groups, and thermal stability, leading to the decreased blocking impact of charcoal pore and improved bonding and pyrolytic crosslinking effect between charcoal particles. These further contribute to the high mechanical strength, specific surface area, pore volume, and amount of oxygenic functional groups for fabricated MBAC. Owing to the high microporous volume of MBAC, it exhibited 385 mg·g−1 toluene and 75.2% tetrachloride gas adsorption performances. Moreover, the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and Bangham models were used to evaluate the kinetic data. The toluene adsorption process conforms to the Bangham kinetic model, suggesting that the diffusion mechanism of toluene adsorption mainly followed intraparticle diffusion.

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Xing, Jianxiong, Qian Liu, Kai Zheng, Jian-feng Ma, Xing’e Liu, Haiyan Yang, Xiaopeng Peng, Shuangxi Nie, and Kun Wang. "Synergistic effect of Fenton-like treatment on the adsorption of organic dye on bamboo magnetic biochar." BioResources 14, no. 1 (December 3, 2018): 714–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.14.1.714-724.

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Magnetic bamboo charcoal was one-pot synthesized and employed in the removal of methylene blue. The data indicated that three different oxidation states of iron (Fe3O4, FeO, and zero-valent iron) were generated under different pyrolytic temperatures, and the maximum specific surface area was 484.6 m2/g. Both physical adsorption and catalytic degradation of MBC with zero-valent iron exhibited more effective capability to decontaminate organic pollution, as the zero-valent iron acted as a Fenton-like catalyst under aerobic conditions. In addition, the obtained magnetic bamboo charcoal manifested the maximum absorption-degradation capacity of methylene blue which was 73.6 mg/g under the weakly acidic (pH=5) and high temperature (60 °C) conditions, which broadened the applications as compared with the classic Fenton catalyst.

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Hu, Xiaoxia, Zhenghao Chen, Yang Cao, Zhangjing Chen, Shuangbao Zhang, and Wei Song. "The Effect of Modifier on Properties of Bamboo Powder/High-Density Polyethylene Composites." Forest Products Journal 69, no. 4 (January 1, 2019): 313–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.13073/fpj-d-19-00029.

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Abstract The focus of this study was to observe the properties of bamboo plastic composites modified with a self-made modifier, 18 acyl-dopamine (0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, and 1.25 weight percent [wt%] based on the dry weight of bamboo powder). The effects of the modifier were demonstrated by measures of mechanical properties, water absorption, thermal stability, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results revealed that 18 acyl-dopamine could be used as an effective modifier of bamboo powder/high-density polyethylene composites. When the modifier was increased, the toughness of the composite deteriorated, and the strength and rigidity improved. This indicated that when the dosage became higher, the compatibilization became stronger, and the toughening effect became worse. Based on the experimental data, a small dosage modifier acted as a toughening agent; as the dosage increased to 1.0 wt%, the compatibility began to appear. The modifier reacted with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the bamboo powder, which caused the bamboo powder to absorb less water, so the thickness expansion rate was lowest at 1.25 wt%. The pyrolysis peak of bamboo powder and plastic showed a tendency to be close to each other, indicating that the interface was improving. Based on the equation of Flynn-Wall-Ozawa, as the dosage of the modifier increased from 0.50 to 1.25 wt%, the apparent activation energy also increased. The SEM analysis showed the binding between bamboo powder and the plastic matrix was strongest when the modifier dosage was 1.25 wt%.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Acte de Bamako"

Ouedraogo, Peingdewiende Jean. "Protection des œuvres littéraires et artistiques dans l'environnement numérique dans l'espace OAPI." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon 2, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LYO20024.

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Les technologies de l’information interrogent la propriété littéraire et artistique de façon permanente. Chaque changement technologique entraine d’importantes répercussions dans la manière de protéger les œuvres culturelles. C’est ainsi qu’avec le développement du numérique des années 2000, plusieurs législations ont été mises à jour en commençant par le droit international. L’accord de Marrakech adopté par l’OMC le 15 décembre 1994 et les deux traités de l’OMPI de 1996 à savoir le traité de l’OMPI sur le droit d’auteur et le traité de l’OMPI sur les interprétations et exécutions et les phonogrammes sont les fruits de ces mutations. Au niveau régional et national, on pourrait également citer le Digital Millénium Copyright Act de 1998 pour l’Amérique et la Directive européenne sur la société de l’information de 2001 pour ce qui est de l’Union Européenne. Tenant compte de ces changements au niveau international et dans les ordres juridiques voisins, le législateur africain a opéré une révision de l’Accord communautaire le 15 décembre 2015. Cette révision prend cependant insuffisamment en compte les préoccupations suscitées par la technologie numérique. L’exemple le plus emblématique est l’occultation des influences de l’Intelligence artificielle sur la propriété littéraire et artistique. Cette thèse vise donc à proposer des solutions pour parachever l’adaptation du droit OAPI de sorte qu’il soit à jour des standards internationaux et tienne compte des développements du droit régional dont la construction est initié par l’Union Africaine avec la mise en place de l’Organisation Panafricaine de la Propriété Intellectuelle. (OAPI). Cette étude touchant à la fois le droit matériel et le système institutionnel de l’OAPI a eu pour objectif de renforcer davantage la sécurité des intérêts des titulaires de droits et ceux des utilisateurs de leurs œuvres de sorte à rendre le cadre communautaire africain plus équilibré et sécurisé
Information technologies are constantly questioning literary and artistic property. Each technological change has important implications for the way cultural works are protected. Thus, with the development of digital technology in the 2000s, several pieces of legislation have been updated, starting with international law. The Marrakesh Agreement adopted by the WTO on December 15, 1994, and the two WIPO treaties of 1996, namely the WIPO Copyright Treaty and the WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty, are the fruits of these changes. At the regional and national level, we could also mention the Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998 for the Americas and the European Directive on the Information Society of 2001 for the European Union. Taking into account these changes at the international level and in neighbouring legal orders, the African legislator revised the Community Agreement on 15 December 2015. However, this revision does not sufficiently take into account the concerns raised by digital technology. The most emblematic example is the concealment of the influences of Artificial Intelligence on literary and artistic property.This thesis therefore aims to propose solutions to complete the adaptation of OAPI law so that it is up to date with international standards and takes into account the developments of regional law whose construction is initiated by the African Union with the establishment of the Pan-African Intellectual Property Organization. (PAIPO). The objective of this study, which touched on both the substantive law and the institutional system of OAPI, was to further enhance the security of the interests of right holders and those of the users of their works, so as to make the African community framework more balanced and secure

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MURAD, JOSE ROBERTO DE LIMA. "THE PHYSICAL, MECHANICAL AND MESO-STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF THE BAMBOO GUADUA WEBERBAUERI OF ACRE." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2007. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=10717@1.

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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
O bambu apresenta baixo consumo de energia e baixo custo de produção, além de ser um material renovável e ecológico. É um material potencialmente promissor que vem demonstrando grandes qualidades para a construção civil. Estudos mostraram que a relação resistência à tração e peso específico do bambu é 2,77 vezes maior que a do aço. Este trabalho tem como objetivo a caracterização física, mecânica e meso-estrutural do bambu da espécie Guadua weberbaueri para possível aplicação na engenharia civil como material não convencional. Os resultados dos ensaios mecânicos mostraram valores compatíveis a outras espécies pesquisadas. Concluiu-se que o material quando sujeito a carga de tração, cisalhamento ou compressão apresentou comportamento semelhante ao de outras espécies já estudadas, desde 1979, no Departamento de Engenharia Civil da PUC-Rio, sob a orientação do professor Khosrow Ghavami. Onde foram desenvolvidos vários programas de investigação para o emprego do bambu e outras fibras vegetais na construção de edificações de baixo custo, substituindo produtos de asbesto, aço, cimento e outros materiais poluentes e não renováveis. Podendo este ser utilizado como material alternativo na engenharia civil.
The bamboo presents low consumption of energy and low cost of production, beyond being a renewable and ecological material. It is a potentially promising material that comes demonstrating great qualities for the civil construction. Studies had shown that the relation tensile strenght and specific weight of the bamboo is 2,77 times bigger that of the steel. This thesis presents the results of an experimental investigation to establish the physical, mechanics and meso-structural, of the bamboo of the species Guadua weberbaueri for possible application in the civil engineering as a non- conventional material. The results of the mechanical rehearsals showed compatible values to other researched species. It was concluded that the material when subject to traction loads, shear or compression presented similar behavior to the of other studied species already, since 1979, in the Department of Civil Engineering of PUC-Rio, under the orientation of professor Khosrow Ghavami. Where some programs of inquiry for the vegetal job of the bamboo and other staple fibers in the construction of edifications of low cost had been developed, substituting pollutant products of asbestos, steel, cement and other pollutant materials didn´t renew. Being able this being used as non-conventional material in civil engineering.

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Vanié, Bi Dje Jules. "L'évaluation de l'implantation de la politique du recouvrement des coûts des actes de santé en Côte d'Ivoire." Thèse, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/15066.

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Книги з теми "Acte de Bamako"

SEPT, Association culturelle Acte, ed. Strategie de creation d'une politique culturelle: Actes du seminaire, juillet 2005, Bamako. Bamako: Ruche à livres-Librairie Traoré, 2006.

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Mali. Secrétariat aux affaires économiques., ed. Etats généraux de l'éducation: Actes, Bamako, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 mars 1989. [Bamako]: Union Democratique du Peuple Malien, Bureau Exécutif Central, Secrétariat Affaires Economiques, 1989.

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Mali) Colloque international de Bamako (2015 Bamako. Actes du Colloque international de Bamako, 2 & 3 mars 2015 à Bamako, Mali: "Éducation et formation pour l'intégration, la paix et le développement socioéconomique en Afrique". Edited by Azoh François-Joseph editor and Réseau ouest et centre africain de recherche en éducation. Abidjan: Éditions universitaires de Côte d'Ivoire (EDUCI), 2015.

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Institut des hautes études de management (Bamako, Mali), ed. Culture et développement en Afrique: Actes du 5ème forum de Bamako, Institut des hautes études de management. Paris: Harmattan, 2006.

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Séminaire de perfectionnement portant sur le tarif des douanes (1989 Bamako, Mali). Actes du Séminaire de perfectionnement portant sur le tarif des douanes: Bamako, 30 janvier-12 février 1989. [Bamako]: République du Mali, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Direction nationale des enseignements supérieurs et de la recherche scientifique, Ecole nationale d'administration, CEPAG, 1989.

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Klena, Sanogo, and N'Daou Mamadou, eds. Actes: XIème Congrès de l'Association panafricaine de préhistoire et disciplines assimilées : Bamako, 07-12 février 2001 = Acts : XIth Congress of Panafrican Association Prehistory and Related Fields : Bamako, February 07-12, 2001. 2nd ed. Bamako: Soro Print Color, 2004.

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Programme Gouvernance Partagée de la Sécurité et de la Paix au Mali (PGPSP). Dialogue social et rencontres intercommunautaires au Mali: Actes du Symposium tenu à Bamako du 29 au 31 mars 2011. Bamako: La Sahélienne, 2011.

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Forum multi-acteurs sur la gouvernance au Mali (FMA). Repenser la gouvernance démocratique au Mali: Actes du Forum multi-acteurs sur la gouvernance au Mali, Bamako, 2008-2012. Bamako, Mail: Editions Communicances, 2014.

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(Mali), Ecole normale supérieure, and Semaine du théâtre africain (1988 : Ecole normale supérieure, Bamako, Mali), eds. Théâtre africain, théâtres africains?: Actes du colloque sur le théâtre africain, Ecole normale supérieure, Bamako, 14-18 novembre 1988. Paris: Editions Silex, 1990.

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Forum multi-acteurs sur la gouvernance au Mali (FMA). Repenser la gouvernance démocratique au Mali: Actes du Forum multi-acteurs sur la gouvernance au Mali, Bamako, 2013-2014. Bamako, Mail: Editions Communicances, 2014.

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Частини книг з теми "Acte de Bamako"

Rani, Mamta, Mamta Lathwal, Anand Narain Singh, and Nirmala Chongtham. "Bamboo Act as a Phytoremediation Candidate for Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil: A Synthesis." In Bamboo Science and Technology, 125–61. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-0015-2_6.

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Sumining, Agustin Styaningrum, Suminah, Anang Prayitno, and Usfuriyah. "Ethnomathematics Exploration in Woven Bamboo in Pecalongan Village Sukosari Bondowoso." In Proceedings of the 1st Annual Conference of Islamic Education (ACIE 2022), 72–77. Paris: Atlantis Press SARL, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-044-2_9.

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Fajar, Dinar Maftukh, and Mohammad Achbatullahulhaq Mangku Negara. "Integrated Science Exploration in the Traditional Toy “Bamboo Cannon” as a Supplement for Local Wisdom-Based Science Learning." In Proceedings of the 2nd Annual Conference of Islamic Education 2023 (ACIE 2023), 99–108. Paris: Atlantis Press SARL, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-182-1_18.

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Bowie, Robert R., and Richard H. Immerman. "Strengthening the Noncommunist World." In Waging Peace, 202–21. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195062649.003.0014.

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Abstract For Eisenhower’s national strategy, the strength and cohesion of the noncommunist world were just as vital as was the military component. Indeed, the support of the allies was essential for deterrence and defense. Peace and security over the long haul required cooperation among the industrialized nations and with developing ones, especially in the Middle East and Asia, for many purposes. Even if, as NSC 162/2 anticipated, major Soviet aggression was deterred, “[t]he USSR will continue to rely heavily on tactics of division and subversion to weaken the free world alliances and will to resist Soviet power” and to increase its influence in the less-developed nations. These were dimensions of the communist threat that were “likely to continue indefinitely and grow in intensity.” Unless the noncommunist nations achieved economic progress, overcame political instability, elevated their confidence and morale, and nurtured their sense of interdependence and common purpose, the Soviets would be able to exploit their fears, hopes, divergences, neutralism, and nationalism. 2 A stable and prosperous West would likewise act as a magnet for peoples trapped behind the Iron and Bamboo Curtains, thereby transforming Soviet assets into liabilities. Finally, it would alleviate sources of conflict and war that had disrupted global relations throughout the twentieth century.

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Chauhan, Abhishek, and Mukesh Kumar Singh. "The Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Development in Jharkhand: Case Study of Sabars." In New Paradigms of Sustainability in the Contemporary Era, 57–69. CSMFL Publications, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46679/9788195732289ch06.

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In Jharkhand Sabars tribes, one of the most Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) tribes of 32 tribal communities of the Jharkhand state, predominately forest-dwelling tribe lack experience in agriculture and rely on the forest for their livelihood. It has been mentioned during then British Period, Sabars were categorized as ‘criminal tribes’ under the Criminal Tribes Act 1871, and still fighting with social stigma and ostracism in modern times. Sabars have an inherent art of making tokri, sup, basket, hats and other handicrafts from Kanshi Grass, bamboo and palm leaves. Till 1996, they used to make baskets, mats and broom from Kanshi grass and sell it in the local village haat/weekly market at throw away prices. In the present situation, with the support and dedication of the Government of Jharkhand and some Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) Sabars have been trying to make their way towards an innovative world and nowadays, the Sabars are trying to create a different platform, not only for their existence but the main focus is on the preservation of their inherent art while doing the business. Many families of Sabars tribe are being trained through the Government of Jharkhand projects like – Palash. So that they could improve their handmade useful craft to better marketability and entrepreneurial abilities. Whereas in the age of digitalization and sustainability lot has to be done for Sabars. Finally, they are needed to be motivated towards their entrepreneurial abilities and to create a suitable and sustainable marketing platform for their products.

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