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Статті в журналах з теми "[604.4"
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Mezeyová, Ivana, Alžbeta Hegedűsová, Marcel Golian, Alena Andrejiová, Miroslav Šlosár, and Ján Mezey. "Influence of Microgreens Biofortification with Selenium on Their Quantitative and Qualitative Parameters." Agronomy 12, no. 5 (April 30, 2022): 1096. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12051096.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The study monitored the effect of differentiated mineral nutrition of microgreens species by solution of sodium selenate (2 mg Se/L) on the content of Se, chlorophylls, and other minerals. Chlorophylls were measured spectrophotometrically, Se by electrothermal atomic absorption method (ETAAS) with Zeeman-effect background and elements' concentration was performed by a dual Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) iCAP7600 instrument. The content of selenium in fresh weight moved on average from 0.013 to 12.556 μg/g. Selenisation increased the content of Se in all tested species significantly (p < 0.05) without impacting yield. The content of chlorophyll a moved from 249.9 mg/kg (Mizuna) to 604.4 mg/kg (Arugula) with significant differences between the species, without significance (p ≤ 0.05) between tested variants. The influence of selenisation on other minerals significantly differed (p < 0.05) due to the genetic variability. A significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase in Ca was observed in green basil (10.7%) and cress (20.9%); of Fe in green basil (1.6%) and cress (40.9%); of K in arugula (1.6%), green basil (3.9%) and cress (2.8%); of Zn in arugula (2.6%), green basil (8.6%), cress (2.7%) and radish (5.9%); and of Ba in green basil (5.6%) and cress (23.9%).
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Hinduja, Archana, Jamil Dibu, Eugene Achi, Anand Patel, Rohan Samant, and Shadi Yaghi. "Nosocomial Infections in Patients With Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage." American Journal of Critical Care 24, no. 3 (May 1, 2015): 227–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ajcc2015422.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background Nosocomial infections are frequent complications in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage. Objectives To determine the prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of nosocomial infections in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods Prospectively collected data on patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage between January 2009 and June 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients who had nosocomial infection during the hospital stay were compared with patients who did not. Poor outcome was defined as death or discharge to a long-term nursing facility. Results At least 1 nosocomial infection developed in 26% of 202 patients with intracerebral hemorrhage. The most common infections were pneumonia (18%), urinary tract infection (12%), meningitis or ventriculitis (3%), and bacteremia (1%). On univariate analysis, independent predictors of nosocomial infection were intraventricular hemorrhage, hydrocephalus, low score on the Glasgow Coma Scale at admission, hyperglycemia at admission, and treatment with mechanical ventilation. On multivariate regression analysis, the only significant predictor of nosocomial infection was intraventricular hemorrhage (odds ratio, 5.4; 95% CI, 1.2–11.4; P = .02). Patients with nosocomial infection were more likely than those without to require a percutaneous gastrostomy tube (odds ratio, 33.1, 95% CI, 23.3–604.4; P < .001) and to have a longer stay in the intensive care unit or hospital without a significant increase in mortality. Patients with nosocomial pneumonia were also more likely to have a poor outcome (P < .001). Conclusion Pneumonia was the most common infection among patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.
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Genanaw, Wubalem, Girum Gebremeskel Kanno, Dawit Derese, and Mekonnen Birhanie Aregu. "Effect of Wastewater Discharge From Coffee Processing Plant on River Water Quality, Sidama Region, South Ethiopia." Environmental Health Insights 15 (January 2021): 117863022110610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11786302211061047.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In Ethiopia, most of the coffee processing plants are generating large amounts of wastewater with high pollutant concentrations and discharge directly into the water bodies untreated or partially treated. The main objective of this study was to assess the effects of coffee wastewater discharged to river water quality using physicochemical parameters and macro-invertebrate indices. This study was conducted from November to the end of December 2019. Ten wastewater and river water samples were taken from coffee the processing plant and river. The macro-invertebrate samples were collected by kick sampling technique using a standard hand net. Shannon and Simpson diversity indices were examined at 3 sampling stations. The Pielou evenness index was also determined. It was found that except for TDS all the parameters of the raw wastewater and river water did not comply with the international discharge limit. The mean concentration of Faro coffee processing plant wastewater were BOD5 (2409.6 ± 173.1 mg/L), COD (4302 ± 437 mg/L), TSS (2824.6 ± 428.4 mg/L), TDS (3226 ± 623.6 mg/L), and TS (4183.3 ± 432.9 mg/L). Whereas from Bokaso coffee processing plant were BOD5 (3770 ± 604.4 mg/L), COD (4082.6 ± 921.9 mg/L), TSS (2766 ± 501.7 mg/L), TDS (3017 ± 747.6 mg/L), and TS (3874 ± 471.1 mg/L). A total of 392 macroinvertebrates belonging to 24 families and 7 orders were collected. The benthos assemblage communities in this river were 40, 56, and 296 at downstream 1, downstream 2, and upstream respectively. The value of the Simpson diversity index varies from 0.4 to 0.75. In the same manner, the value of the Shannon diversity index also varied from 0.5 to 1.36. Most of the physicochemical parameters of the raw wastewater were beyond the national and international discharge limits. The quality of Orsha river water downstream was more adversely affected compared to upstream.
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Carey, Sean, and Kathleen Maguire-Zeiss. "60404 HIV Tat Induced Neuroinflammation." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 5, s1 (March 2021): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2021.410.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT IMPACT: Demonstrate the role of astrocyte released MMPs in response to pathogenic HIV protein Tat. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: In the presence of the pathogenic HIV protein Tat, astrocytes have been demonstrated to adopt an inflammatory phenotype as well as release extracellular matrix degrading enzymes, MMPs. Our work aims to identify whether MMPs alter perineuronal net integrity and working memory in a mouse model of Tat-induced neuroinflammation. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Stereotaxic Injection: C57BL6/J mice were injected bilaterally with HIV-1 IIIB Tat 5ug in 5uL or Vehicle (0.2M KCl, 5mM DTT, 50mM Tris, pH 8.0), into the hippocampus (CA1; -1.9mm AP, ±1.6mm ML, -1.5mm DV from pial surface). All outcome measurements were performed 14-days post injection. Behavior: T-maze was used to assess working memory following Tat exposure. qRT-PCR: TaqMan probes were used according to manufacturer on extracted whole hippocampus mRNA. IF: GFAP and CD68 immunofluorescence was used to determine inflammation post injection. Inhibitory interneurons (parvalbumin positive) and peri-neuronal nets (WFA positive) were quantified. WB: Synaptosomes from whole hippocampi (Syn-PER) were isolated and synaptic excitatory markers were quantified (PSD-95, synaptophysin, GluR2a). RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Tat exposure resulted in impairments in working memory as measured by T-maze alternations and an increase in hippocampal mRNA expression of MMP-13 and IL-1β, indicative of neuroinflammation. We also noted an increase in GFAP+ injection site width 14 days post-Tat injection, suggesting robust gliosis. While there were no changes in the excitatory pre and post synaptic markers we found a significant decrease in the percent of PV+ interneurons with peri-neuronal nets (PNNs) following Tat exposure. Taken together, this preliminary data supports a role for inflammation and PNN integrity in Tat-induced alterations in working memory. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Our findings suggest that Tat contributes to cognitive impairment and that astrogliosis with elevated MMP-13 facilitates the degradation of peri-neuronal nets (PNNs) within the hippocampus. Since PNN degradation can alter neuronal circuitry future studies will focus on Tat-induced changes in hippocampal signaling.
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Majer, Vladimir, Lü Hui, Rosa Crovetto, and Robert H. Wood. "Volumetric properties of aqueous 1-1 electrolyte solutions near and above the critical temperature of water I. Densities and apparent molar volumes of NaCl(aq) from 0.0025 mol·kg−1 to 3.1 mol·kg−1, 604.4 K to 725.5 K, and 18.5 MPa to 38.0 MPa." Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics 23, no. 3 (March 1991): 213–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9614(05)80180-6.
Повний текст джерела
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Kim, Doman, Jun-Seong Park, Hee-jung Lim, Thi Thanh Hanh Nguyen, Nahyun M. Kim, Ghahyun J. Kim, Kyeonghwan Hwang, and Atsuo Kimura. "Enhancement of water soluble wheat bran polyphenolic compounds using different steviol glucosides." Functional Foods in Health and Disease 6, no. 10 (October 31, 2016): 650. http://dx.doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v6i10.302.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: Production of wheat bran (WB) for human consumption is estimated to be about 90 million tons per year. WB contains abundant source of dietary fiber, minerals, vitamins, and bioactive compounds. WB is a by-product of milling and contains abundant source carbohydrate (60%), protein (12%), fat (0.5%), minerals (2%), and bioactive compounds such as phenolic acids, arabinoxylans, flavonoids, caroteinoids alkylresorcinol and phytosterols. These are known for health promoting properties such as controlling glycemic index, reducing plasma cholesterol level, and reducing the human colon cancer cell growth antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anticarcinogenic activities. Several terpene glycosides such as mogroside V, paenoiflorin, geniposide, rubusoside (Ru), stevioside (Ste), rebaudioside A (RebA), steviol monoside, and stevioside glucoside have been discovered to enhance the solubility of a number of pharmaceutically and medically important compounds that normally show poor solubility in water.Context and purpose of this study: In this study, to increase soluble extraction of polyphenol compounds of WB using Ru, the expression of β-galactosidase from Thermus thermophilus was optimized with different E. coli hosts and with different concentration of lactose inducer instead of isopropyl-1-thio-β-D-galactopyranoside (IPTG) for industrial production. Furthermore, the effect of different steviol glucosides (Ru, Ste, RebA, and SG) on the enhancement of polyphenol compounds extraction from wheat bran was studied. Results: β-galactosidase from Thermus thermophilus was used for the specific conversion of stevioside (Ste) to rubusoside (Ru) with 92% productivity. The enzyme was optimized to be expressed in E. coli. With 7 mM lactose, the β-galactosidase activity expressed was 34.3, 14.2, or 34.4 ± 0.5 U/mL in E. coli BL21(DE3)plysS, Rosetta(DE3)plysS, or BL21(DE3) at 37°C, and 9.8 ± 0.2, 7.0 ± 0.5, or 7.4 ± 0.2 U/mL at 28°C, respectively. The expression of β-galactosidase was dependent on the lactose concentration and the highest activity was obtained with the conditions of 5 mM lactose in E. coli Rosetta(DE3)plysS, 53.3 ± 1.5 U/mL. 78% of the mesophilic proteins was eliminated by heating at 70°C for 15 min with 89% β-galactosidase activity recovery. The total polyphenol content of WB extracted by water, Ru, Ste, rebaudioside A (RebA), and steviol glucosides (SG) were 533.8 ± 9.6 µg/mL, 633.3 ± 1.25 µg/mL, 604.4 ± 10.1 µg/mL, 654.8 ± 26.5 µg/mL, and 601.2 ± 33.4 µg/mL, respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging activity prepared by water, Ru, Ste, RebA, and SG extraction were 8.76 ± 0.3 mg/mL, 4.87 ± 0.3 mg/mL, 5.34 ± 0.22 mg/mL, 7.27 ± 0.1 mg/mL, and 7.82 ± 0.02 mg/mL, respectively.Conclusions: To increase soluble extraction of polyphenol compounds of WB using Ru, the expression of β-galactosidase from Thermus thermophilus was optimized with different E. coli hosts and with different concentration of lactose inducer instead of isopropyl-1-thio-β-D-galactopyranoside (IPTG) for industrial production of the enzyme. The highest antioxidant activity was shown in WB extracted by Ru. The number of glucosyl units attached to steviol can possibly affect the efficiency of antioxidant activity of WB extracted by steviol glucosides. Keywords: Rubusoside, ß-galactosidase, lactose induction, immobilized enzyme, wheat bran, steviol glucosides
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Narang, Diksha. "Book review: Piliavsky, A (Ed.), Nobody’s People: Hierarchy as Hope in a Society of Thieves." Journal of Human Values 27, no. 3 (September 2021): 271–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09716858211039969.
Повний текст джерела
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PEYTON JONES, SIMON. "4 Declarations and Bindings." Journal of Functional Programming 13, no. 1 (January 2003): 39–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956796803000613.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
4.1 Overview of Types and Classes 404.2 User-Defined datatypes 454.3 Type Classes and Overloading 494.4 Nested Declarations 554.5 Static Semantics of Function and Pattern Bindings 604.6 Kind Inference 66
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Vorselaars, Bart, Štěpán Růžička, David Quigley, and Michael P. Allen. "Correction: Folding kinetics of a polymer." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 19, no. 7 (2017): 5674–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cp90027a.
Повний текст джерела
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Majer, Vladimir, Lü Hui, Rosa Crovetto, and Robert H. Wood. "Volumetric properties of aqueous 1-1 electrolyte solutions near and above the critical temperature of water II. Densities and apparent molar volumes of LiCl(aq) and NaBr(aq) at molalities from 0.0025 mol·kg−1 to 3.0 mol·kg−1, temperatures from 604.4 K to 725.5 K, and pressures from 18.5 MPa to 38.0 MPa." Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics 23, no. 4 (April 1991): 365–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9614(05)80091-6.
Повний текст джерелаДисертації з теми "[604.4"
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Robertson, Frances. "Ruling the line : learning to draw in the first age of mechanical reproduction." Thesis, Glasgow School of Art, 2011. http://radar.gsa.ac.uk/2260/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This dissertation presents a critical study of the development of technical drawing in Britain 1790-1850 in relation to wider visual culture. Technical drawing is often perceived as being an inexpressive, de-natured style and has been largely neglected within art history. Indeed, the images that make up the distinct genre of technical drawing and illustration were produced within distinctive organizational structures such as factory drawing offices and illustrated mass-market publications outside the framework of recognized fine art practices. Nevertheless, I argue that the development of technical drawing and illustration in this period has direct relevance to the discipline of art history, not least because of the rapid growth and spread of this style within wider visual culture. Using an interdisciplinary approach, I ask how the conditions of production of this style affected its later reception. Particular emphasis will be given to the materiality of production in relation to discursive practices in order to address these questions: -Why is technical drawing now seen as inexpressive and inartistic? -How was technical drawing made to seem authoritative with its viewers? The dissertation moves through three areas, subdivided into pairs of chapters. The first area covers questions that relate to current disciplinary boundaries, and their connections to the cultural politics of the period around 1800. The middle section is concerned with the symbolic and expressive aspects of technical drawing and its characteristic linear markings, and proposes that meaning and expression are read by the viewer as much through an awareness of the embodied practices and the materiality of surfaces and production methods used as much as in the depicted content of the image. The final most substantial section of the dissertation is concerned with the ways in which different groups within engineering hierarchies sought to use drawing skills both as a means of self-presentation and for professional formation in the period to 1850. The first section, consisting of Chapters 2 and 3, is concerned with art, industry and cultural politics up to and around 1800 in order to question the various narratives and assumptions that formed my starting point. Chapter 2, ‘Civil engineers and Royal Academicians’ examines how accounts of drawing in art and industry in this period have become separated. Chapter 3, ‘Provincials, pupils and print’, expands this framework. While Chapter 2 will question accounts of drawing practice for art and industry in relation to familiar and specific locations of cultural production this chapter by contrast addresses accounts of both production and reception of drawing practices within wider visual culture in the decades around 1800. It poses the question of where else, beyond the Royal Academy or in engineering practices, might one have learnt to draw in Great Britain, and to what end? Chapters 4 and 5, ‘Fabricating the line’ will ask what aesthetic and symbolic meanings can be taken from styles of mechanical drawing adopted in the first half of the nineteenth century. The argument uses, but also criticises, art historical methods of interpretation based on techniques of visual descriptive analysis and stylistic comparison. Chapter 4, ‘Purity, progress and labour’ examines the meanings that can be attributed to the use of fine uniform ruled lines, and compositional formats of technical drawings on the page, while Chapter 5, ‘Multiplying marks’, examines technical illustrations in print, in order to argue that in the period 1800-c.1830 technical drawing and technical illustration developed in tandem to create a visual style that displayed the industrial system to viewers outside the factory. In my two final chapters 6 and 7 I build on contextual supporting arguments in order to investigate in more detail the social relationships around technical drawing, in the workplace and in professional formation in competition with other occupational groups. I examine questions of professional formation and occupational fragmentation both in relation to elite engineers in Chapter 7 (‘Professional engineers in the world of industrial readers’) and in relation to technical draughtsmen in Chapter 6 (‘Social networks: Artisans, draughtsmen and working relationships’). Draughtsmen comprise a social group that is poorly documented and barely researched in the Britain of this period, in contrast to the scholarship and evidence that relates to the situation in our near industrial neighbour, France. Chapter 6 considers draughtsmen as industrial workers. My findings allow me to argue that the relative invisibility of draughtsmen was not so much the result of their non-elite status, but rather because their status was disputed and problematic. In the first half of the nineteenth century, draughtsmen were squeezed in conflicts about control and autonomy in the workplace, in public anxieties about worker education, and in cultural conflicts about the alleged deficiencies of taste in design for the products of British manufacture. Chapter 7 complements the discussion of professional fragmentation in engineering in Chapter 6 by discussing the visual practices of elite engineers in the first half of the nineteenth century in relation to professional formation, self-presentation, and authorship, and explores aspects of the tensions involved in engineers’ attempts to gain status by making a claim to special expertise and at the same time of popularising their knowledge and achievements in a milieu of competition with other elite professional groups within a culture of display. My research demonstrates that in the period to 1850 in Britain, engineers and technical draughtsmen absorbed, selected, and appropriated expressive practices and discourses from fine art in their work and in their self-fashioning as technical artists, and on that basis they developed new and distinctive conventions of composition, mark making and presentation. In training themselves, technical draughtsmen and engineers developed their visual styles through copying from a wide range of examples and conventions. Draughtsmen could thus reflect on their own selections, and create pictures that reflected their own making. I show that the methods of art history are necessary and relevant in informing the analysis of a topic that is usually confined to histories of technology or science, but these must be integrated with methods and ideas from the history and science and technology. Moving inside the artworld of technical drawing gives a textured account of the ways in which groups of practitioners sought to gain authority by visual means, either with their immediate peers and rivals, or with more general viewers, thus breaking down topic of ‘technical drawing’ into a much more differentiated field of human activity where visual descriptive analysis begins to have a purchase on issues of the social history of ‘arts and manufactures’ in Britain in the period to 1850. Approaches from the history of technology and science inform my examination of the social and technical negotiations for status in visual production; in addition, two particular topics from the history of science have developed this dissertation towards future research questions I will follow as an art historian interested in visual communications: first, questions about how truth claims have been established and contested through demonstration, and second, in relation to ‘print culture’ how areas of specialist expertise are constructed and presented to general readers.
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Bui, Soi. "Characterisation of the RDX-degrading XplA/XplB redox system from Rhodococcus rhodochrous." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/characterisation-of-the-rdxdegrading-xplaxplb-redox-system-from-rhodococcus-rhodochrous(9355f6f0-62e8-4e07-ad16-786f00a957af).html.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazene (RDX) is a military explosive that has become a recalcitrant environmental pollutant over the last few decades owing to its production, storage and use. CYP177A1 (XplA) is a biotechnologically interesting and novel class of P450-flavodoxin fusion enzyme identified from Rhodococcus rhodochrous strain 11Y that catalyses the breakdown of RDX. Its redox partner is a NAD(P)H-dependent FAD-binding flavodoxin reductase (XplB). This study reports the biochemical, biophysical and structural properties of these two enzymes which form a novel P450 redox system with unique domain organisation. These reveal novel features for a P450 enzyme with non-standard UV/Visible spectroscopic features and unusual ligand binding properties. Unexpectedly, XplA’s affinity for imidazole is exceptionally high (Kd = 1.57 μM), explaining previous reports of a red- shifted XplA Soret band in pure enzyme. XplA’s true Soret maximum is at 417 nm. Similarly, the XplA flavodoxin domain displays unusually weak FMN binding (Kd = 1.09 μM), necessitating its reconstitution with the FMN cofactor. Ligand binding data demonstrate XplA’s constricted active site, which can only accommodate RDX and small inhibitory ligands (e.g. 4-phenylimidazole and morpholine) while discriminating against larger azole drugs. The crystal structure identifies a high affinity imidazole binding site, consistent with its low Kd, and shows active site penetration by PEG, perhaps indicative of an evolutionary lipid metabolising function for XplA. The substrate-free heme iron potential (-268 mV vs. NHE) is positive for a low spin P450, consistent with the predominantly reductive role of XplA. The elevated potential of the FMN semiquinone/hydroquinone couple (-172 mV) is also consistent with this functional adaptation. The XplB reductase partner could not be isolated with the FAD cofactor incorporated to make holoprotein. However, the protein was isolated in a soluble and homogenous state which demonstrated very weak FAD affinity. XplB’s ability to interact with XplA and a pyridine nucleotide coenzyme was demonstrated, indicating the enzyme was functional in the presence of FAD. XplA’s unusual molecular selectivity, structural and thermodynamic properties likely reflect its evolution as a specialised RDX reductase catalyst.
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Kasmani, Rafiziana Md. "Vented gas explosions." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2008. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/1604/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Explosion venting technology is widely accepted as the effective constructional protection measures against gas and dust explosions.The key problem in venting is the appropriate design of the vent area necessary for an effective release of the material i.e. the pressure developed during explosion did not cause any damage to the plant protected.Current gas explosion vent design standards in the USA (NFPA68, 2002) and European (2007) rely on the vent correlation first published by Bartknecht in 1993 (Siwek, 1996).N FPA 68 also recommends the correlation of Swift (Swift,1983)at low overpressures. For a vent to give no increase in overpressure other than that due to the pressure difference created by the mass flow of unburnt gases through the vent, the vent mass flow rate is assumed to be equal to the maximum mass burning rate of the flame and this consideration should be used as the design mass flow through the vent. Two different methods ( Method I and Method 2) have been proposed based on the Sμ and Sμ (E-1) to describe the maximum mass burning rate given as, mb = ASμpμ=CdeA(2pPμred)o.5 mb =ASgPm =AgSμ(E-I)P μ=Cde4,(2pu Pred)0,5 (2) The equation given in (2) is slightly different from (1) as is about 6.5 times the mass flow of the first method as it takes the effect of (E-1) where E is the expansion ratio. A critical review were carried out for the applicability, validity and limitation on the venting correlations adopted in NFPA 68 and European Standard with 470 literature experimental data, covering a wide range of values for vessel volume and geometries, bursting vent pressure, Pv L/D ratio, maximum reduced pressure, Pred and ignition location. The fuels involved are methane, propane, hydrogen, town gas, ethylene, acetone/air mixtures with the most hazardous near-stoichiornetric fuel-air concentration. Besides, Molkov's equation (Molkov, 2001) which is regarded as alternative venting design offered in NFPA 68 and Bradley and Mitcheson's equation for safe venting design were also analysed on the experimental data for their validity and limitation as well as the proposed methods. From the results, it is clear that Bartknecht's equation gave a satisfactory result with experimental data for K <-5 and Swift's equation (Swift, 1983) can be extended to wider range for Pred> 200 mbar, providing the parameter PV is added into the equation. Method 2 gave a good agreement to most of the experimental data as it followed assumptions applied for correlations given by Bradley and Mitcheson for safe venting design (Bradley and Mitcheson, 1978a,B radley and Mitcheson, 1978b). It is also proven that the vent coefficient, K is confident to be used in quantifying the vessel's geometry for cubic vessel and the use of As/Av term is more favourable for non-cubic vessels. To justify the validity and applicability of the proposed methods, series of simply vented experiments were carried out, involving two different cylindrical volumes i.e. 0.2 and 0.0065 M3. It is found that self acceleration plays important role in bigger vessel in determining the final Pmax inside the vessel. Method 2 gave closer prediction on Pmax in respect with other studied correlations. The investigation of vented gas explosion is explored further with the relief pipe been connected to the vessel at different fuel/air equivalence ratios, ignition position and Pv. The results demonstrate that the magnitude of Pmax was increased corresponding to the increase of Pv- From the experiments,it is found that peak pressure with strong acoustic behaviour is observed related to increase in Pv and in some cases,significant detonation spike was also observed particularly in high burning velocity mixtures. It is found that substantial amount of unburnt gases left inside the vessel after the vent burst is the leading factor in increase of Pmax for high burning velocity mixtures at centrally ignited. The associate gas velocities ahead of the flame create high unburnt gas flows conditions at entry to the vent and this give rise to high back pressures which lead to the severity in final Pmax inside the vessel. It was observed that end ignition leads to a higher explosion severity than central ignition in most cases, implying that central ignition is not a worst-case scenario in gas vented explosions as reported previously.
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Тодосійчук, Тетяна Сергіївна. "Поліваріантна біотехнологія препаратів-антисептиків на основі мікробних бактеріолізинів". Doctoral thesis, Київ, 2016. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/16294.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Дисертацію присвячено науковому обгрунтуванню та розробці
поліваріантної біотехнології різних форм антисептичних препаратів з
використанням селекціонованого продуценту бактеріолізинів Streptomyces albus
UN 44. Запропонована схема підтримуючої селекції продуценту, проведено
комплексний таксономічний аналіз та реідентифікація культури. Вперше
встановлена здатність культури до синтезу антифунгальних антибіотиків, які
були виділені та ідентифіковані як біс(2-етилгексил)фталат і 3-O-
метилциклополова кислота. Модифіковано та оптимізовано склад поживного
середовища для біосинтезу бактеріолізинів, що визначило його здешевлення у
1,5-2 рази та підвищення продуктивності культури до 8-9 тис. МО/см3.
Обгрунтована доцільність застосування адсорбційного способу для
одержання іммобілізованої форми бактеріолітичного препарату з
використанням аеросилу та встановлені основні механізми іммобілізації.
Розроблені іммобілізований бактеріолітичний препарат з активністю 100 тис.
МО/г, рідкий комплексний антисептик Цитал, рідкий та гранульований
препарати для рослинництва Стрептофунгін-Фіто, препарати окремих
бактеріолізинів ферментного комплексу та препарат антибіотиків
Стрептофунгін.
Розроблено процеси застосування окремих препаратів у складі
композицій побутових та промислових синтетичних мийних засобів, в основі композицій м′яких та рідких форм лікувальних ветеринарних препаратів, а
також в процесах отримання біологічно активних компонентів мікробних
клітин та в харчовій промисловості.
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Карпенко, Ілона Василівна. "Біотехнологія рамноліпідних поверхнево-активних продуктів штаму pseudomonas sp. PS-17 та їх застосування для олійних рослин". Thesis, КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського, 2017. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/19098.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Дисертація присвячена розробленню технології отримання поверхнево-активних речовин штаму Pseudomonas sp. PS-17 та технологій їх застосування для вирощування олійних рослин. Встановлено ефективність використання економічно вигідних субстратів (фузу олійного, пересмаженої олії), композицій їх з гліцерином, а також дробного способу їх подачі для синтезу рамноліпідних ПАР: вихід підвищено на 18-39% порівняно з гліцерином. Удосконалено способи виділення ПАР, одержано економічно вигідні продукти. Методом лінійних багатопараметрових рівнянь визначено оптимальні екстрагенти рамноліпідів. Показано, що отримані ПАР мають високу поверхневу (28,3 мН/м), емульгувальну (індекс Е24 60-80%), змочувальну активність, впливають на проникність клітинних мембран мікроорганізмів, рослин, підсилюють дію біоцидів, фітогормонів. Встановлено стимулювальний вплив ПАР на ріст олійних рослин, їх фізіолого-біохімічны показники. Ефективність отриманих ПАР у вирощуванні соняшника доведено у дрібноділянкових і виробничому дослідах: за їх використання значно підвищувалися ростові показники та якість врожаю. Розроблено технологічну та апаратурно-технологічну схему виробництва ПАР штаму Pseudomonas sp. PS-17, яка дозволяє одержати 5 форм цільових продуктів для практичного застосування у рослинництві.The dissertation thesis is devoted to the development of the biotechnology of microbial synthesis of the surface-active substances by the strain Pseudomonas sp. PS-17 and their application in cultivation of oil-bearing plants. The effectiveness of the application of cost-beneficial substrates (used frying oil and waste from production of sunflower oil – phosphatide concentrate) was established for the synthesis of rhamnolipid surfactants by the strain Pseudomonas sp. PS-17 when applied alone and in combination with glycerol. It was shown that the use of combined substrates contributed to the increased yields of rhamnolipids if compared to the media with monosubstrates. When using a mixture of glycerol and used frying oil or phosphatide concentrate as carbon sources the final concentration of rhamnolipids can be increased on 18-39 %. The developed approaches of the synthesis of rhamnolipid surfactants will enable the decrease of the overall cost of biosurfactant production if compared with the cost of the production on glycerol alone. The processes of rhamnolipid surfactant separation were optimized: enzymatic hydrolysis (using protease C enzyme) of post-fermentative culture liquid, precipitation of rhamnolipid biocomplex (RBC) from culture liquid supernatant (CLS) by adjusting temperature regime. Economically viable forms of targeted products based on exo- and endomethabolites of Pseudomonas sp. PS-17 and methods of their isolation were proposed. Optimum solvents for the extraction of rhamnolipids from CLS were determined using the method of linear multiparameter equations. Physico-chemical and biological properties of the products based on surfactants of Pseudomonas sp. PS-17 were established: surface activity, emulsification of hydrophobic substances, wetting of surfaces, the influence on the permeability of cell membranes of microorganisms and plants, the activity of surfactants on the major groups of phytohormones (auxins, cytokinins, gibereline acid). The antimicrobial activity of surfactants against phytopathogen microorganisms was shown, and highly effective formulations of rhamnolipid surfactant with ethylthiosulfonate-biocide were designed. A stimulating action of the synthesized rhamnolipid surfactants on the growth of oil-bearing plants was established. It was shown that the effect of the biosurfactants on microorganisms and plants via the changes in their physiological and biochemical characteristics (growth rate, cell membrane permeability, activity of enzymes and phytohormones). The possibility of application of the obtained biosurfactants in agriculture as plant growth regulators was established. The effectiveness of the developed biosurfactants in growing sunflower was confirmed by a small plot experiments, as well as in the field experiment. It was shown that rhamnolipid surfactants promote growth and quality of the crops (the mass of 1000 seeds, flower diameter, fat and protein content in the seeds). The process flow and equipment diagrams of industrial production of rhamnolipid surfactants of Pseudomonas sp. PS-17 using a vortex bioreactor were developed, 5 forms of rhamnolipid products for practical use in cropping were obtained.
Диссертация посвящена разработке технологии синтеза поверхностно-активных веществ штаммом Pseudomonas sp. PS-17 и их применению для выращивания масличных растений. Установлена эффективность использования экономически выгодных субстратов (фуза масляного, пережаренного масла), их смесей с глицерином, дробного способа их подачи для синтеза рамнолипидных ПАВ, выход увеличен на 18-39% относительно глицерина как моносубстрата. Усовершенствованы способы выделения рамнолипидных ПАВ, получены экономически выгодные продукты. Методом линейных многопараметровых уравнений найдены оптимальные экстрагенты рамнолипидов из СКЖ. Разработанные ПАВ имеют высокую поверхностную (28,3 мН/м), эмульгирующую (индекс Е24 60-80%), смачивающую активность, влияют на проницаемость клеточных мембран микроорганизмов, растений, усиливают действие биоцидов, фитогормонов. Показано стимулирующее действие полученных ПАВ на рост масличных растений, их физиолого-биохимических показателей. Эффективность рамнолипидных ПАВ при выращивании подсолнечника установлена в мелкоучастковых, производственных опытах: значительно увеличены ростовые показатели, а также качество урожая. Разработана технологическая и аппаратурно-технологическая схемы промышленного производства рамнолипидных ПАВ Pseudomonas sp. PS-17 для получения 5 форм продуктов для практического применения в растениеводстве.
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Tibbles, Katherine L. "Regulation of Clb1 during meiosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2013. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/60444/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Meiosis is a specialised form of cell division in which diploid cells divide to form four non-identical spores containing half the genetic complement of the parent. During this cell division program, much of the usual machinery regulating cell division is put to alternate use to allow the cells to undergo an extra round of division without an intervening phase of DNA synthesis. In particular, the end of the first division, meiosis I, must be regulated differently than the end of the mitotic division. We used the model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae to determine some of these differences in regulation. The cell division program is driven by the sequential association of cyclins with the CDK (cyclin dependent kinase), leading to waves of kinase activity. Exit from mitosis requires the downregulation of CDK activity, and is coordinated by two signalling networks, the FEAR (Cdc14 Early Anaphase Release) network and the MEN (Mitotic Exit Network). Both networks initiate the release of the phosphatase Cdc14 from its inhibitor, Net1, to counter CDK activity. Exit from meiosis I similarly relies on Cdc14 activity, but is driven only by the FEAR network. Experimental results showed that the phosphorylation state and subcellular localisation of the meiotic cyclin, C1b1, are altered in meiosis I. We investigated this relationship and aimed to determine the kinase responsible. We used modelling techniques to explore several rationales for the specific regulation of C1b1. We examined the functional significance of C1b1 localisation, using localisation mutants, and made an investigation into Cdc14 release in meiosis I.
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Schafer, David Gerald. "Mechanisms underlying epigenetic gene silencing in maize." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2013. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/60414/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Higher organisms can regulate gene expression through changes in epigenetic marks present on the genome. However, how this regulation takes place in organisms with highly repetitive/complex genomes is not well understood. The acquisition of de novo DNA methylation in plants is mediated by siRNAs through the RNAdirected DNA methylation (RdDM) pathway. The targeted deposition of DNA methylation by this pathway allows for the transcriptional silencing of transposable elements and repeat sequences within the genome, as well as regulating gene expression. In addition, it has been hypothesized that mobile siRNAs may be involved in the epigenetic communication between different seed components. Thus the mobility of non-coding RNAs from extra-embryonic tissues could contribute to epigenetic modifications that could be transmitted to the offspring. The aim of my thesis is to characterise the mechanisms involved in epigenetic gene silencing in maize through the use of a novel transgenic reporter. My work has identified components of the RdDM pathway to be involved in maintenance of gene silencing and show that imprinting and paramutation could be recapitulated using synthetic transgenes. In addition, I developed a novel grafting technique to demonstrate that epigenetic gene silencing could be efficiently transmitted between different seed components. Collectively, this work provides an insight into the complex mechanisms that regulate gene expression in the highly repetitive/complex genome of maize.
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Schramm, Pierre. "Comparative study of in-school learning contexts : comparison between France and England." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2013. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/60434/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This work consists in a theoretical overview of positioning theory, the construction of a methodology for interaction analysis, and its application to classroom interaction. The latter part is based on transcripts from audio-video recordings of 15 hours of lessons in mathematics and physics or science in England and in France, with children aged between 11 and 12. These transcripts were divided up into episodes, units displaying coherence in theme and purpose; and each episode was coded according to the types of behaviour the teacher displayed in them. The same types of behaviour were found in plenary interaction as those found by previous research into group work. Analysis carried out to highlight co-occurring types of behaviour (seen as rights and duties) only yielded two co-occurring rights – asking a scientific question and validating a statement, consistently with the previously noted prevalence of IRE/IRF sequences. A frequency analysis of the levels of occurrence of individual types of behaviour highlighted the scarcity of unsupported teacher statements. Further analysis of the episodes featuring teacher statements showed that the teacher may only introduce new elements on the basis of their own authority in highly specific circumstances: (a) after a student’s mistake, in which case the teacher’s statement is limited to explaining why the aforementioned mistake is one; (b) after a student’s question or (c) after a student’s unsolicited statement. In the last two cases, the teacher’s statement may go beyond the remit of the question or statement. Content introduced in such a way appears to have a longer-lasting legitimacy than that introduced with the help of official content. Some implications of these results are discussed: the need to take into account student agency in further research; and it is suggested that a lecturing style of teaching might be beneficial for learning.
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Di, Napoli Claudia. "Label-free multiphoton microscopy of intracellular lipids using Coherent anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS)." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2014. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/60484/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Coherent Antistokes Raman Scattering (CARS) microscopy has emerged in the last decade as a powerful multiphoton microscopy technique to rapidly image lipid droplets (LDs) label-free with intrinsic three-dimensional spatial resolution in cells. In this thesis I investigate and compare the ability of hyperspectral CARS and dual-frequency/differential CARS (D-CARS) to enable the chemical specificity required to distinguish lipids of different chemical composition. In hyperspectral CARS a series of spatially-resolved images are acquired over a frequency range thus proving high chemical specificity. In D-CARS two vibrational frequencies are simultaneously excited and probed, and the resulting sum and difference CARS intensities are detected by a fast and efficient single photomultiplier. This results in a higher image speed than hyperspectral CARS and in an improved image contrast against the nonresonant CARS background with a straightforward data analysis. D-CARS and hyperspectral CARS techniques were applied to LDs in model and cellular systems. In model systems made by agarose gel, droplets of pure lipids with different degree of unsaturation (number of carbon-carbon double bonds in the fatty acyl chain) were used as test sample to compare Raman spectra with CARS spectra, and measure D-CARS images at specific chemically-selective wavenumbers. Building from this knowledge, cytosolic droplets induced by loading fatty acids to the culture media of human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) were distinguished in composition both in fixed cells and in living cells during differentiation into adipocytes. Furthermore, the application of a in-house developed Hyperspectral Image Analysis (HIA) software on hyperspectral data provided spatial distributions and absolute concentrations for the chemical components of the investigated specimens. In particular quantitative information was extracted about the concentration of pure neutral lipid components within cytosolic LDs, and changes over time were inferred in living ADSCs according to the type of pure fatty acid added to the culture media.
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Orchard, Helen Claire. "Jesus as victim : the dynamics of violence in the Gospel of John." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1995. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/6044/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis explores a previously unrecognized theme within the Gospel of John. The theme is violence and its expression through the victimization of the narrative's protagonist, Jesus. It suggests that he is presented as being, as well as perceiving himself to be, a victim. This offers an understanding of the Johannine Jesus which counters the traditional model of a serene and omniscient figure who exercises sovereign control over his environment. The first section aims to situate the research methodologically, theologically and historically. Some of the presuppositions underlying the study are best understood in the context of liberation theology, and the way in which a liberator is seen to function within an oppressed community. Drawing on theories about the historical origin of the Gospel, reasons why victimization might be expected to be a prominent theme in John are also suggested. The main body of the thesis comprises targeted exegesis of passages which reveal Jesus experiencing violence and manifesting the behaviour of a victim. This section is subdivided into six chapters which work their way chronologically through the narrative. The first two explore the public ministry from different perspectives - physical and psychological - with the latter discussing the character of Jesus with insights afforded by the discipline of victimology. Subsequent chapters discuss the way in which Jesus approaches and encounters his death. In particular, the traditional picture of Jesus as the `glorious victor' on the cross is impugned; and figures from the Hebrew Bible are employed as hermeneutical tools for recognizing him as a victim. The final chapter discusses the difference in behaviour of the resurrected Jesus. It concludes that, freed from the threat of `the hour', he no longer perceives himself to be a victim. This enables him to attend to the needs of his disciples, empowering them to overcome areas of oppression in their own lives.
Книги з теми "[604.4"
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Jantke, Klaus P., Takeshi Shinohara, and Thomas Zeugmann, eds. Algorithmic Learning Theory. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-60454-5.
Повний текст джерела
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Galluccio, Ph.D., Mauro. Science and Diplomacy. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60414-1.
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Möller, Manfred, and Vyacheslav Pivovarchik. Direct and Inverse Finite-Dimensional Spectral Problems on Graphs. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60484-4.
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Khapalov, Alexander Y. Mobile Point Sensors and Actuators in the Controllability Theory of Partial Differential Equations. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60414-5.
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Benton, Kathleen. The Skill of End-of-Life Communication for Clinicians. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60444-2.
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Trzcielinski, Stefan, ed. Advances in Ergonomics of Manufacturing: Managing the Enterprise of the Future. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60474-9.
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Hart, Sergiu, and Andreu Mas-Colell, eds. Cooperation: Game-Theoretic Approaches. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60454-6.
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Helpap, Burkhard. Die klinisch-pathologische Konferenz. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60484-3.
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Kuska, Jens-Peer. Mathematica® und C in der modernen Theoretischen Physik. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60494-2.
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Florida. Legislature. Senate. Committee on Agriculture. A review of the Dealers in Agricultural Products Law created in the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services by Section 604.15-604.34, Florida statutes. [Tallahassee]: The Committee, 1990.
Знайти повний текст джерелаЧастини книг з теми "[604.4"
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Rao, M. R. K. Krishna. "Incremental learning of logic programs." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 95–109. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-60454-5_31.
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Sakakibara, Yasubumi. "Grammatical inference: An old and new paradigm." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1–24. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-60454-5_25.
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Fahmy, Amr F., and Robert S. Roos. "Efficient learning of real time one-counter automata." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 25–40. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-60454-5_26.
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Koshiba, Takeshi, Erkki Mäkinen, and Yuji Takada. "Learning strongly deterministic even linear languages from positive examples." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 41–54. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-60454-5_27.
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Sakamoto, Hiroshi. "Language learning from membership queries and characteristic examples." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 55–65. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-60454-5_28.
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Arimura, Hiroki, Hiroki Ishizaka, and Takeshi Shinohara. "Learning unions of tree patterns using queries." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 66–79. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-60454-5_29.
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Raedt, Luc, and Wim Laer. "Inductive constraint logic." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 80–94. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-60454-5_30.
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Miyashiro, Akira, Eiji Takimoto, Yoshifumi Sakai, and Akira Maruoka. "Learning orthogonal F-Horn formulas." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 110–22. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-60454-5_32.
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Auer, Peter. "Learning nested differences in the presence of malicious noise." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 123–37. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-60454-5_33.
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Nakamura, Atsuyoshi, and Shinji Miura. "Learning sparse linear combinations of basis functions over a finite domain." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 138–50. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-60454-5_34.
Повний текст джерелаТези доповідей конференцій з теми "[604.4"
1
"Influence of the Sulfate Level in the Clinker Phase on the Performance of Superplasticized Concretes." In SP-179: Fourth CANMET/ACI/JCI Conference: Advances in Concrete Technology. American Concrete Institute, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/6044.
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Toh, Christine A., and Scarlett R. Miller. "The Preferences for Creativity Scale (PCS): Identifying the Underlying Constructs of Creative Concept Selection." In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-60414.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Creativity is highly emphasized during the engineering design process, but prior research has shown that decision-making biases and individual attributes can affect perceptions and preferences for creativity. However, there is a lack of knowledge of how to measure creativity during concept selection, or about the factors that affect designers’ preferences for creative concepts in an engineering design context. As a first step in understanding what factors contribute to the promotion or filtering of creative concepts during concept selection, this study investigates the factors that can affect preferences for creativity through the development of a psychometric survey that assesses student designers’ preferences for creativity through Exploratory Factor Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis. The result of these analyses is the 23-item Preferences for Creativity Scale (PCS) that assesses an individual’s preference for creativity in engineering design on 4 major dimensions: (1) Team Centrality, (2) Risk Tolerance, (3) Creative Confidence/ Preference, and (4) Motivation. The results of these analyses provide a foundation for studying creativity in the design process and allow for future research that investigates the factors that influence creative concept selection in engineering design.
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Pillai, Nikhil, Abani Patra, and Ehsan Esfahani. "Modeling Post-Impact Injury Propagation in Traumatic Brain Injury." In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-60444.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this paper, we investigate the effect of mechanical deformation during original impact on the propagation of bleeds during traumatic brain injury (TBI). For this purpose, we have developed a numerical framework that considers Magnetic Resonance Images (MRI) of a rat subjected to TBI modelled using controlled cortical impact (CCI). Using the MRI images of first day of impact a solid model of brain is developed and strains during impact are estimated using the finite element tool LSDyna. It was observed that the actual propagation of blood obtained from day 14 MRI data closely resembles the one developed by solving a time dependent advection equation with advection rates proportional to the strain estimates during impact from LSDyna. This numerical framework holds promise that with proper calibration and validation it can be used to predict the possible propagation of blood post-impact and therefore may be used to inform treatment protocols for such patients.
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Li, Lu, Suiran Yu, and Qingjin Peng. "Energy Modeling Method Based on FBS Framework for Energy Efficiency Analysis." In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-60464.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper proposes a FBS-based energy modeling method for highly energy-efficient product design. By this modeling method, the structured relations between the product energy demands and design parameters are developed along with the systematic FBS design process. Meanwhile, by introducing quantified energy analysis to the systematic design domain mapping course, the method helps designers understand energy consuming behaviors of the product and identify efficiency-improving breakthrough points in product design. A case study of a mechanical servo press is presented for the demonstration of this method.
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Kumar, Varun, and Gregory Mocko. "Similarity of Engineering Design Problems to Enable Reuse in Design Research Experiments." In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-60474.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The objective of this research is to evaluate the similarity of design problems used in research experiments based on their representation. Design problems form an essential component of experiments in creativity research. However, the formulation of a design problem for an experiment is still a challenging task. An opportunity for the design community is leverage existing design problems to reduce a source of difference between experiments and increase the validity of new method and tools. To answer this question, fifty-five design problems, published over the past fifteen years, were collected and analyzed using two approaches. First, the information content of the design problems was assessed based on five structural elements. A protocol study was developed with four independent evaluators, who were asked to identify the five elements in a set of design problems. A high correlation was observed for the characteristics: goal of a problem, functional requirements, non-functional requirement and reference to an existing product. A low correlation was observed for the characteristics information about end user. The results suggest that this approach could serve as a useful tool in comparing and selecting problems with a desired number of elements. In the second approach, latent semantic analysis was used to compare the design problems. Latent semantic analysis enables design problem similarity to be computed prior to solving the problem. However, this method cannot identify the nuances in problem representations, which could potentially affect solution development. The paper concludes with an appeal to research community of using similar or benchmarked design problems, and postulate other means to enable comparison or development of problems in creativity research.
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Yoo, Jae Gu, and Delbert Tesar. "Torque Saturation Analysis in Electromechanical Motor." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-60424.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper describes the torque and magnetic flux analysis using an advanced dynamic dynamometer test bed for electromechanical motors. Test motor was tested under different levels of continuous loads and high bandwidth complex duty cycle loads in order to provide data to characterize the nonlinear properties of electric motors. The test bed to obtain torque saturation limit data is comprised of a servo motor which serves as a dynamic load emulator, a brake, a clutch, and full sensor array for comprehensive monitoring of test variables, (including magnetic flux density sensor). The magnetic flux test was conducted to discriminate magnetic saturation from torque saturation. Given the permanent magnet motor test system designed for a desired saturation limit, it is possible to predict saturation using a properly defined dynamic duty cycle norm as a function of the operating conditions and the actuator design parameters. In this paper, the temperature effects on the magnetic properties of the permanent magnet material were the principal objectives.
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Yu, W. B., J. Wei, C. M. Tan, and S. S. Deng. "Low Temperature Wafer Bonding in Medium Vacuum." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-60454.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Direct wafer bonding was performed under medium vacuum condition. The effect of the sequence of wafers contact and vacuum application, plasma treatment, and annealing temperature on the bonding quality was investigated. From the comparison of the bonding efficiency, contacting two wafers in air rather than in vacuum produces much less bubbles. Besides, it was also found that ex-situ plasma treatment degrades the bonding quality. It is believed that the degradation is caused by contamination and damage induced by the plasma treatment before vacuum wafer bonding. For vacuum bonding without plasma treatment, good bonding can be achieved at temperature as low as 300 °C.
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Zhu, Mingzhang, Huajian Chang, Han Wang, Xi Xu, and Yang Shi. "The Influence of the Wall Stored Energy on the Natural-Circulation Mode in the Core Make-Up Tank Test Facility." In 2016 24th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone24-60414.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Scaled down thermal-hydraulic test facility is widely used in the nuclear reactor safety analysis. The wall stored energy is one of the common problem in a scaled down test facility, which will cause distortions in the simulation of the transients or local phenomena. For the natural-circulation mode in the Core Makeup Tank (CMT), the cold wall will work as heat sink and absorb heat from the heated water, and then has an influence in energy balance on the simulation of the prototype phenomena with scaled down test facility. In order to study the influence of the wall stored energy on the natural-circulation mode in the CMT test facility, this paper established the CMT test facility model with RELAP5/MOD 3.4, and studied the influence caused by the wall stored energy distortion. The simulation results show that the natural-circulation process in the CMT test facility can be divided into two stages: 1. Before the thermal stratification reaches the outlet, the natural-circulation flow rate decreases gradually. 2. Once the thermal stratification reaches the outlet, the natural-circulation flow rate has an apparent turning point and decreases faster. That is because the heated water reaches the outlet and fills the discharge line quickly, which reduces the density difference between the hot leg and cold leg, thus causing the natural-circulation flow rate decrease faster. Besides, before the turning point, the wall stored energy basically has no influence on the natural-circulation process, and the influence can be neglected in the design of test facility. However, after the turning point, the wall stored energy distortion results in a slower descent speed of natural-circulation flow rate, which is not conservative. Therefore, we can conclude that the scaled down CMT test facility can only simulate the prototype properly and conduct the natural-circulation simulation experiment before the thermal stratification reaches the exit, while afterwards, the simulation of the test facility won’t be accurate and conservative.
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Samuel Panithasan, Mebin, and Gnanamoorthi Venkadesan. "Evaluation of the Influence of 1,4-Dioxane and Exhaust Gas Recirculation on the Performance and Emission Values of a Diesel Engine Fuelled With Low Viscous Biofuel Blend." In ASME 2021 15th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2021 Heat Transfer Summer Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2021-60484.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The world greatly relies on the usage of liquid fuels for its energy needs, especially in the transportation sector, which is very high in developing countries. In countries like India, diesel fuel is mainly used for all its transportation requirements (considering its higher efficiency), leading to higher pollution. Many kinds of research works are conducted to find a replacement for diesel fuel. In which biodiesel is considered to be a potential replacement for diesel. However, the challenges like higher viscosity, lower calorific value, higher NOx emission stands as a huge barrier. To overcome this, this study proposes using a low viscous biofuel, which has a higher calorific value close to diesel. To reduce NOx emission, the exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) technique is used in this study. A single-cylinder, constant speed, water-cooled stationary engine setup is used for this study. 20% of pine oil is blended with diesel, and 10ml of 1,4, dioxane additive is added. These blends are tested in the engine for different load conditions (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) with and without 10% EGR. The results showed that pine oil usage negatively affected the performance characters but significantly reduced CO, HC, and Smoke emissions (15.94, 17.04 and 2.47% respectively). The 10ml of 1,4, dioxane further enhanced this reduction (32.61, 28.15 and 4.36% respectively). The 10% EGR usage negatively affected both performance and emission characters, but it reduced NOx emissions significantly (11.53%). This study provides an integrated way to overcome the challenges seen in biodiesel usage with a low viscous biofuel and exhaust gas recirculation technique.
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Baugh, B. F. "The Economic and Design Impact of Standardized ROV and Diver Interfaces on Subsea Completion Systems." In Offshore Technology Conference. Offshore Technology Conference, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/6044-ms.
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