Готові списки джерел за темами / 4QS

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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "4QS"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022
Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "4QS"

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Mali, Mamta R., O. G. Bhusnure, Shrikrishna T. Mule, and S. S. Waghmare. "A Review on Life Cycle Management Approach on Asset Qualification." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 10, no. 4 (July 15, 2020): 253–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v10i4.4146.

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All equipment’s used in the production of products shall be properly Validated, Qualified and Calibrated to demonstrate that it is suitable for its intended purpose. Qualification is an important aspect of the pharmaceutical quality system. When the equipment is properly qualified, verified and maintained, there is the possibility of Consistent performance of the equipment. A well designed qualification program saves valuable time and cost. Qualification is called a cyclic process because it is a never ending process. Appropriate documentation of the qualification program is very important as lack of the documented evidence does not give any meaning to qualification (Not documented it means not done). The current programs and procedures of equipment qualification used within any pharmaceutical and bioscience industry are based on ‘regulatory requirements’, ‘voluntary standards’, ‘vendor practices’, and ‘industry practices’. The output is considerable variation in the way any pharmaceutical and biotechnological companies approach for the laboratory equipment. The lifecycle management approach of equipment qualification covers entire life cycle for the specification, design, manufacturing, installation, commissioning, qualification (4Qs Model DQ, IQ, OQ, PQ), operation & maintenance of equipment in a risk based life cycle management approach. The goal of any regulated pharmaceutical and bioscience company is to provide reliable and valid data suitable for its intended purpose. Main goal of equipment qualification is to form the basis for written procedures for production and process control which are designed to assure that the drug products have the SISPQ (Safety, Identity, Strength, Purity and Quality) Keywords: Validation, Calibration, Life cycle management approach, Qualification (4Qs Model- DQ, IQ, OQ & PQ), SISPQ (Safety, Identity, Strength, Purity and Quality)
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Ghaffari, Meysam, Nasser Ghadiri, Mohammad Hossein Manshaei, and Mehran Sadeghi Lahijani. "$P^4QS$: A Peer-to-Peer Privacy Preserving Query Service for Location-Based Mobile Applications." IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 66, no. 10 (October 2017): 9458–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2017.2703631.

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Herrmannová, Anna, Terezie Prilepskaja, Susan Wagner, Darina Šikrová, Jakub Zeman, Kristýna Poncová, and Leoš Shivaya Valášek. "Adapted formaldehyde gradient cross-linking protocol implicates human eIF3d and eIF3c, k and l subunits in the 43S and 48S pre-initiation complex assembly, respectively." Nucleic Acids Research 48, no. 4 (December 21, 2019): 1969–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkz1185.

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Abstract One of the key roles of the 12-subunit eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF3) is to promote the formation of the 43S and 48S pre-initiation complexes (PICs). However, particular contributions of its individual subunits to these two critical initiation reactions remained obscure. Here, we adapted formaldehyde gradient cross-linking protocol to translation studies and investigated the efficiency of the 43S and 48S PIC assembly in knockdowns of individual subunits of human eIF3 known to produce various partial subcomplexes. We revealed that eIF3d constitutes an important intermolecular bridge between eIF3 and the 40S subunit as its elimination from the eIF3 holocomplex severely compromised the 43S PIC assembly. Similarly, subunits eIF3a, c and e were found to represent an important binding force driving eIF3 binding to the 40S subunit. In addition, we demonstrated that eIF3c, and eIF3k and l subunits alter the efficiency of mRNA recruitment to 43S PICs in an opposite manner. Whereas the eIF3c knockdown reduces it, downregulation of eIF3k or eIF3l increases mRNA recruitment, suggesting that the latter subunits possess a regulatory potential. Altogether this study provides new insights into the role of human eIF3 in the initial assembly steps of the translational machinery.
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Brito Querido, Jailson, Masaaki Sokabe, Sebastian Kraatz, Yuliya Gordiyenko, J. Mark Skehel, Christopher S. Fraser, and V. Ramakrishnan. "Structure of a human 48S translational initiation complex." Science 369, no. 6508 (September 3, 2020): 1220–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aba4904.

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A key step in translational initiation is the recruitment of the 43S preinitiation complex by the cap-binding complex [eukaryotic initiation factor 4F (eIF4F)] at the 5′ end of messenger RNA (mRNA) to form the 48S initiation complex (i.e., the 48S). The 48S then scans along the mRNA to locate a start codon. To understand the mechanisms involved, we used cryo–electron microscopy to determine the structure of a reconstituted human 48S. The structure reveals insights into early events of translation initiation complex assembly, as well as how eIF4F interacts with subunits of eIF3 near the mRNA exit channel in the 43S. The location of eIF4F is consistent with a slotting model of mRNA recruitment and suggests that downstream mRNA is unwound at least in part by being “pulled” through the 40S subunit during scanning.
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Demydov, Оleksandr, Borys Liubarskyi, Valerii Domanskyi, Marina Glebova, Dmytro Iakunin та Anna Tyshchenko. "Determination of optimal parameters of the pulse width modulation of the 4qs transducer for electriс rolling stock". Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 5, № 5 (95) (31 жовтня 2018): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2018.143789.

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Abdelaziz, Hamdy. "Promoting Personalized Learning Design: The Role of Online Pedagogical Intervention." EDEN Conference Proceedings, no. 1 (June 16, 2019): 72–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.38069/edenconf-2019-ac-0010.

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Online learning technology and design has maximized and optimized the potential chances of personalized, customized, and adaptive learning. This theoretical paper is proposing a new dynamic pedagogical intervention model for effective personalized learning design. The author is trying to share a personal and practical answer to the following two questions: (a) What are the disruptive learning principles of the third renaissance learning paradigm that impact pedagogical engineering and intervention for personalized learning design? (b) What is the suggested model for effective online pedagogical intervention to promote personalized learning design? This perspective was guided by ten emergent disruptive learning principles of the third renaissance learning paradigm that impact online pedagogical engineering, management and intervention for personalized learning design. Effective online pedagogical intervention has four major dimensions that are grounded/interacted and focused on four metaphoric lenses: (a) types of learners (4Cs): Casual, Committed, Concentrated and Continuing; (b) pedagogical levels (4Ps): Intelligent, Agile, Distributed and Situated Pedagogy; (c) intervention levels (4Es): Enriching, Enhancing, Engaging and Empowering; and (d) online assessment frames (4As): Assessment of learning, Assessment for learning, Assessment as learning, and Assessment in learning.
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Glyzin, I. I., Yu M. Inkov, V. A. Kuchumov, and V. V. Litovchenko. "Improving the Energy Efficiency of a Traction Network and Electric Rolling Stock of Alternating Current with a 4qs-Converter." Russian Electrical Engineering 90, no. 9 (September 2019): 641–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1068371219090050.

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Jivotovskaya, Antonina V., Leoš Valášek, Alan G. Hinnebusch, and Klaus H. Nielsen. "Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 3 (eIF3) and eIF2 Can Promote mRNA Binding to 40S Subunits Independently of eIF4G in Yeast." Molecular and Cellular Biology 26, no. 4 (February 15, 2006): 1355–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.26.4.1355-1372.2006.

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ABSTRACT Recruitment of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2)-GTP-Met-tRNAi Met ternary complex to the 40S ribosome is stimulated by multiple initiation factors in vitro, including eIF3, eIF1, eIF5, and eIF1A. Recruitment of mRNA is thought to require the functions of eIF4F and eIF3, with the latter serving as an adaptor between the ribosome and the 4G subunit of eIF4F. To define the factor requirements for these reactions in vivo, we examined the effects of depleting eIF2, eIF3, eIF5, or eIF4G in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells on binding of the ternary complex, other initiation factors, and RPL41A mRNA to native 43S and 48S preinitiation complexes. Depleting eIF2, eIF3, or eIF5 reduced 40S binding of all constituents of the multifactor complex (MFC), comprised of these three factors and eIF1, supporting a mechanism of coupled 40S binding by MFC components. 40S-bound mRNA strongly accumulated in eIF5-depleted cells, even though MFC binding to 40S subunits was reduced by eIF5 depletion. Hence, stimulation of the GTPase activity of the ternary complex, a prerequisite for 60S subunit joining in vitro, is likely the rate-limiting function of eIF5 in vivo. Depleting eIF2 or eIF3 impaired mRNA binding to free 40S subunits, but depleting eIF4G led unexpectedly to accumulation of mRNA on 40S subunits. Thus, it appears that eIF3 and eIF2 are more critically required than eIF4G for stable binding of at least some mRNAs to native preinitiation complexes and that eIF4G has a rate-limiting function at a step downstream of 48S complex assembly in vivo.
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Pisareva, Vera P., and Andrey V. Pisarev. "DHX29 reduces leaky scanning through an upstream AUG codon regardless of its nucleotide context." Nucleic Acids Research 44, no. 9 (April 11, 2016): 4252–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkw240.

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Abstract During eukaryotic translation initiation, the 43S preinitiation complex (43S PIC), consisting of the 40S ribosomal subunit, eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) and initiator tRNA scans mRNA to find an appropriate start codon. Key roles in the accuracy of initiation codon selection belong to eIF1 and eIF1A, whereas the mammalian-specific DHX29 helicase substantially contributes to ribosomal scanning of structured mRNAs. Here, we show that DHX29 stimulates the recognition of the AUG codon but not the near-cognate CUG codon regardless of its nucleotide context during ribosomal scanning. The stimulatory effect depends on the contact between DHX29 and eIF1A. The unique DHX29 N-terminal domain binds to the ribosomal site near the mRNA entrance, where it contacts the eIF1A OB domain. UV crosslinking assays revealed that DHX29 may rearrange eIF1A and eIF2α in key nucleotide context positions of ribosomal complexes. Interestingly, DHX29 impedes the 48S initiation complex formation in the absence of eIF1A perhaps due to forming a physical barrier that prevents the 43S PIC from loading onto mRNA. Mutational analysis allowed us to split the mRNA unwinding and codon selection activities of DHX29. Thus, DHX29 is another example of an initiation factor contributing to start codon selection.
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YAMADA, Takayuki, Naoyuki TASHIRO, Yasuki TANAKA, and Tatsushi KOBAYASHI. "Research on the Applicability of “The Four Question Strategy (4QS)”to the Observations and Experiments in Science Textbooks of Elementary and Lower Secondary School." Journal of Research in Science Education 56, no. 1 (2015): 105–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.11639/sjst.sp14005.

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Дисертації з теми "4QS"

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Демидов, Олександр Вікторович. "Перспективи застосування тягових синхронних двигунів зі збудженням від постійних магнітів у приміському залізничному сполученні". Thesis, НТУ "ХПІ", 2012. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/5293.

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Aspden, Julie. "The 'biochemical mechanics' of 40S ribosome scanning." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.596194.

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The overall aim of this work was to gain further insight into the biochemistry of the mechanism of mammalian 40S ribosomal scanning during initiation of mRNA translation. One project was designed to measure the speed of scanning over different lengths of 5’-untranslated region (5’-UTR). To this end, two related mRNAs were co-translated at room temperature (26°C) in vitro; they differed only in that one had a small deletion in the coding region, and one had a longer 5’-UTR than the other. The time-lags between addition of the mRNA to the assay and the first initiation events on the two mRNAs were measured, and the difference in the two time-lags was taken as the time required to scan the additional 5’-UTR length. By this method scanning speeds of 4.7 nt/second and 7.7 nt/second were observed in two different batches of lysates for a 5’-UTR based on that of influenza virus (A strain) NS1 mRNA. With a range of different lengths obtained by serial repetition of the tobacco mosaic virus 5’-UTR, the measured scanning speeds ranged from 1.8 to 8.0 nt/second. Surprisingly, the apparent speed increased with increasing 5’-UTR length, suggesting that the 40S subunits may gather speed during scanning, or, alternatively, may have an increasing tendency to by-pass segments of the 5’-UTR as its length is increased. The nature of the interactions between the 40S ribosomal subunit and the mRNA during scanning was investigated by substituting modified nucleotides (mainly modified U residues). The four mRNAs examined all had the same coding region containing numerous U residues; two had an AUG start codon and two an ACG, while two had a 5’-UTR lacking any U residues. These mRNAs were tested in translation assays, and also in 80S initiation complex formation assays. Substitution with 5-bromoU, 5-aminoallyIU or pseudoU had negative effects both on elongation (seen when the modification was present only in the coding region), and on initiation. However, substitution by other modified U residues affected either elongation or initiation, but not both. Ribothymidine (5-methylU) substitution had a negligible effect on elongation, but, most surprisingly, its presence in the 5’-UTR reduced initiation by over 50, irrespective of the nature of the start codon, suggesting that it is inhibitory to 40S subunit loading or scanning.
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Svensson, Johannes, and Sina Mostafavi. "IAS 40s fördelar respektive nackdelar : enligt branschens aktörer." Thesis, Stockholm University, School of Business, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-6292.

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Syfte: Vi vill undersöka om de noterade fastighetsbolagen har redovisat till verkligt värde alternativt till anskaffningsvärde minus komponentavskrivningar. Syftet med uppsatsen är vidare att undersöka vilka fördelar respektive nackdelar olika aktörer i branschen ser med införandet av IAS 40. Utförandet av fastighetsbeståndens värdering, internt alternativt externt, samt fördelarna respektive nackdelarna med de båda blir uppsatsens forskningsobjekt. Metod: Genom en fallstudie i två fastighetsbolag skall vi med hjälp av två intervjuer med revisorer samt två intervjuer med fastighetsvärderare och en intervju med en aktieanalytiker kartlägga fördelarna respektive nackdelarna med IAS 40. Vi arbetar utifrån insamlandet av primär data. Teori: Vi har redovisat för IAS 40 samt de två värderingsmetoder, verkligt värde och anskaffningsvärde minus komponentavskrivningar, som fastighetsbolagen har att välja på. Vi har även förklarat vilka regler som var gällande innan IFRS regelverket kom att gälla i Sverige. Empiri: Under den empiriska datainsamlingen redogör vi för våra resultat vid analyserandet av samtliga noterade fastighetsbolags årsbokslut. Vidare presenterar vi svaren vi insamlat från intervjuerna. Slutsatser: Frånvaron av en regel gällande värderingsmetod är problematisk, framförallt under en kommande nedgång, då nedskrivningarna av fastighetsbeståndens värde kan komma att släpa efter. Därför är det viktigt att branschen kommer fram till ett standardiserad sätt vad gäller andelen som skall externvärderas. Vi skulle även vilja se en resultaträkning som var uppställd lika mellan bolagen med avseende på värdeförändringar.

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Wang, Zexu. "Trajectory Planning for Four WheelSteering Autonomous Vehicle." Thesis, KTH, Fordonsdynamik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-243287.

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This thesis work presents a model predictive control (MPC) based trajectory planner forhigh speed lane change and low speed parking scenarios of autonomous four wheel steering(4WS) vehicle. A four wheel steering vehicle has better low speed maneuverabilityand high speed stability compared with normal front wheel steering(FWS) vehicles. TheMPC optimal trajectory planner is formulated in a curvilinear coordinate frame (Frenetframe) minimizing the lateral deviation, heading error and velocity error in a kinematicdouble track model of a four wheel steering vehicle. Using the proposed trajectory planner,simulations show that a four wheel steering vehicle is able to track different type ofpath with lower lateral deviations, less heading error and shorter longitudinal distance.
I detta avhandlingsarbete presenteras en modellbaserad prediktiv kontroll (MPC) -baseradbanplaneringsplan f¨or h¨oghastighetsbanan och l°aghastighetsparametrar f¨or autonomtfyrhjulsdrift (4WS). Ett fyrhjulsdrivna fordon har b¨attre man¨ovrerbarhet med l°ag hastighetoch h¨oghastighetsstabilitet j¨amf¨ort med vanliga fr¨amre hjulstyrningar (FWS). MPC-optimalbanplanerare ¨ar formulerad i en kr¨okt koordinatram (Frenet-ram) som minimerar sidof¨orl¨angningen,kursfel och hastighetsfel i en kinematisk dubbelsp°armodell av ett fyrhjulsstyrda fordon.Med hj¨alp av den f¨oreslagna banaplaneraren visar simuleringar att ett fyrhjulsstyrfordonkan sp°ara olika typer av banor med l¨agre sidof¨orl¨angningar, mindre kursfel ochkortare l¨angsg°aende avst°and.
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Jones, Justin. "Parts-based detection of AK-47s for forensic video analysis." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/5200.

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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited
Law enforcement, military personnel, and forensic analysts are increasingly reliant on imaging ystems to perform in a hostile environment and require a robust method to efficiently locate bjects of interest in videos and still images. Current approaches require a full-time operator to monitor a surveillance video or to sift a hard drive for suspicious content. In this thesis, we demonstrate the effectiveness of automated analysis tools to detect AK-47s in images. By training on a large corpus of labeled data, we created Viola-Jones classifiers for detection of whole AK-47s and parts of an AK-47. Parts-based detections were then compared against learned models using support vector machines and multi-layer perceptrons. The results of this research show that parts-based classifiers combined with the above techniques leverage the high recall capability of part detectors and significantly reduce false positives in comparison to both the part and whole object classifiers. Techniques utilized in this thesis facilitate the creation of an automated capability for detecting AK-47s in support of the law enforcement and intelligence communities.
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Johnson, Daniel P. "Censorship and publishing in Ireland in the 1930s and 40s." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268594.

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Leyda, Julia. "Room to move in the American 30s, 40s, and 50s /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9332.

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Force, Carole. "Etude de la structure du 44S par sa décroissance isomérique." Caen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CAEN2044.

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L’étude du noyau de l’atome a pour but d’approfondir notre connaissance de l’interaction nucléaire responsable de la cohésion du noyau. Les noyaux stables (Z≈N) furent les premiers étudiés, permettant une modélisation de l’interaction nucléaire. A cette époque, l’un des buts était de reproduire les propriétés singulières des noyaux « magiques ». Avec le développement des accélérateurs, des noyaux riches ou déficients en neutrons ont été créés en laboratoire, donnant accès à l’évolution de l’interaction nucléaire avec l’isospin. Les études effectuées depuis les années 90 sur les noyaux exotiques ayant un nombre de neutrons N=28 ont montré que le caractère magique ne persistait pas loin de la stabilité. En particulier, le 44S (Z=16, N=28) est trouvé déformé dans son état fondamental. Du côté théorique, les calculs prédisent une coexistence de formes sphérique-déformé pour le modèle en couches et déformé-déformé pour le champ moyen. La mesure en 2005 d’un deuxième état 0+ à faible énergie d’excitation est venue confirmer cette hypothèse sans pouvoir apporter de réponse sur les déformations mises en jeu. L’expérience présentée ici a eu pour but de caractériser cette coexistence de formes à partir des mesures de la probabilité de transition réduite B(E2: 0+2"2+1) et de la force de transition monopolaire ρ2(E0 : 0+2"0+1). De la faible valeur B(E2: 0+2"2+1) obtenue, une interprétation sur le mélange des états 0+1 et 0+2 a été proposée ainsi qu’une comparaison aux résultats de calculs modèle en couches. La faible valeur ρ2 mesurée a été comparée aux systématiques puis deux interprétations ont été proposées dans le cadre du modèle en couches et du modèle collectif géométrique
The study of atomic nucleus aims at improving our knowledge about the nuclear interaction that is responsible for the cohesion in the nucleus. At first, stable nuclei (Z≈N) were studied and an expression of the nuclear interaction was derived. At this era, one of the goals was to reproduce unusual properties of the “magic” nuclei. With the development of accelerators, neutrons rich or deficient nuclei were produced giving the opportunity to study the evolution of nuclear interaction as a function of isospin value. Since the nineties, studies about exotic nuclei with N=28 neutrons have shown that the “magic” behavior of N=28 vanish far from stability. In particular, 44S (Z=16, N=28) is found to be deformed in its ground state. Theoretically, shell model calculations predict a spherical-deformed shape coexistence whereas a deformed-deformed shape coexistence is predicted from mean field theories. In 2005, a second 0+ state was discovered at low excitation energy confirming the shape coexistence without giving answers about the type of deformations. The goal of the experiment presented here was to characterize this shape coexistence by measuring the reduced transition probability B(E2: 0+2"2+1) and the monopolar transition strength ρ2(E0 : 0+2"0+1). An interpretation about 0+ states mixing is suggested from the measured low B(E2: 0+2"2+1) value as well as a comparison with shell model calculations. A low ρ2 value was also measured and compared to systematics. Interpretations in both shell model and geometrical collective model are suggested
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Sousa, dos Santos Aretuza. "Distribuição cromossômica dos sítios de DNAr5S e 45S em espécies vegetais com cromossomos holocinéticos." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2010. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/452.

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A família Cyperaceae é o principal grupo de plantas que apresentam cromossomos holocinéticos sendo composta por aproximadamente 5.400 espécies distribuídas em 103 gêneros. Uma grande variação de número cromossômico tem sido registrada na família, estando associadas principalmente a eventos de agmatoploidia e simploidia, e tornam o grupo muito interessante para estudos citogenéticos. A maioria dos estudos citogenéticos para essas espécies estão restritos a análises convencionais e os poucos trabalhos com técnicas de citogenética molecular abrangem apenas dois gêneros: Rhynchospora e Eleocharis, principalmente em relação à distribuição dos sítios de DNAr 45S. No presente trabalho, onze espécies, pertencentes a cinco gêneros da família Cyperaceae, com distintos números cromossômicos foram selecionadas para o estudo da distribuição dos sítios de DNAr 5S e 45S localizados por FISH. Todas as espécies apresentaram sítios de DNAr 45S distribuídos terminalmente nos cromossomos enquanto os sítios de DNAr 5S mostraram uma distribuição mais variável. Em apenas duas espécies analisadas, os sítios de DNAr 5S e 45S estavam ligados entre si. Esses dados sugerem que a variação em número e posição dos sítios de DNAr em espécies com cromossomos holocinéticos é semelhante à encontrada em espécies com cromossomos monocêntricos. Portanto, a localização preferencialmente terminal dos sítios de DNAr 45S observada em cromossomos monocêntricos não parece ser influenciada pela polarização centrômero-telômero, como sugerida pela hipótese do campo cromossômico
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Roa, Ovalle Fernando. "Análise da distribuição dos sítios de DNA ribossomal 5S e 45S em cariótipos de espécies vegetais." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2011. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/747.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T15:05:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo7547_1.pdf: 2738409 bytes, checksum: 5486a3099bbcbfcd76e0a19a1921ae4e (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011
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Os genes de RNA ribossomal apresentam várias peculiaridades, destacando-se o fato de serem bem conservados entre as espécies e ocorrerem em arranjos em tandem com centenas a milhares de cópias. Essas características permitiram que esses genes fossem localizados por meio da FISH nos cromossomos metafásicos de um grande número de espécies. Alguns estudos prévios sugeriram que esses sítios teriam localização preferencial no cromossomo. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo analisar a distribuição desses genes nos cromossomos de uma ampla amostra de cariótipos, verificar se existe alguma tendência à distribuição não - casual, e avaliar se determinadas características cromossômicas ou cariotípicas poderiam influenciar esses padrões. Para isso, foi construída uma base de dados a partir da literatura, contendo informações de 1002 cariótipos de 53 famílias de angiospermas e quatro de gimnospermas. Entre as características analisadas estão a posição e o número de sítios de DNAr 5S e 45S, e diversas características do cariótipo, tais como morfologia e tamanho cromossômico. Nos cariótipos de angiospermas o número mais frequente de sítios de DNAr 5S e 45S foi um por complemento haploide, sendo que o número médio foi maior para o DNAr 45S. A análise da posição desses sítios revelou uma frequência de sítios no braço curto maior que a esperada. Além disso, os sítios de DNAr 45S foram observados preferencialmente em regiões cromossômicas terminais. Curiosamente, os sítios de DNAr 45S que ocorreram nos cromossomos acrocêntricos geralmente ocuparam todo o braço curto, sugerindo que seu surgimento poderia estar relacionado ao menos em parte, a rearranjos cromossômicos que geram acrocêntricos. A posição terminal dos sítios de DNAr 45S pode ser vantajosa por evitar rearranjos deletérios causados por recombinação entre sítios de diferentes cromossomos ou relacionada à organização cromossômica em intérfase. Por outro lado, o DNAr 5S ocupa geralmente a posição proximal, especialmente em cariótipos com sítios únicos, e ocorrem tanto na região proximal como na terminal para cariótipos com sítios múltiplos. Essa distribuição é similar à de DNA satélites organizados em tandem que ocorrem preferencialmente na região proximal e subtelomérica. A análise da variação intra-específica entre diplóides revelou que a posição dos sítios de DNAr 5S e 45S varia menos que o número de sítios e uma análise entre diplóides e poliplóides mostrou que há uma tendência à conservação do número de sítios de DNAr 5S e 45S por complemento monoploide. Entretanto, comparando-se cariótipos do mesmo gênero, observa-se nos poliplóides uma tendência a apresentarem um número menor que o esperado de sítios de DNAr 45S com base nos diploides. Essa redução pode estar relacionada ao processo de diploidização comum em poliploides. Por último, embora em muitos gêneros sejam encontradas espécies que apresentam os dois sítios (5S, 45S) no mesmo cromossomo, foi observado que a frequência desse arranjo não difere do esperado. Portanto, o presente trabalho revela que os padrões de distribuição dessas duas sequências repetidas em tandem são diferentes, tendo o DNAr 45S maiores restrições em relação a sua posição e maior facilidade de dispersão
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Книги з теми "4QS"

1

Johnston, Howard. The 47s. London: Jane's, 1987.

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Powell, Rosemarie. 30s and 40s menswear. [Derby]: Derbyshire College of Higher Education, 1988.

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Benyo, Richard. Feeling fit in your 40s. New York: Atheneum, 1987.

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4

Erie-builts and H20-44s. Halifax, Penn: Withers Pub., 1999.

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Katō, Masao, 1947 January 11-, ed. Gendai kokusai seiji '40s-'80s. Tōkyō: Aki Shobō, 1985.

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Whitaker, Alan. Indian summer of the 40s. Queensbury, Bradford, West Yorkshire: Autobus Review Publications, 1985.

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Movie treasures of the '40s & '50s. Nashville, TN: Highlands Pub., 2001.

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8

A spread of over 40s' Jokes. [S.l.]: Helen Exley Giftbooks, 2008.

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9

Goshe, Ed. 40s, '50s, & '60s stemware by Tiffin. Atglen, PA: Schiffer Pub. Ltd., 1999.

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Henry, Moore. Sculpture from the 40s and 50s. London: Waddington Galleries, 1995.

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Частини книг з теми "4QS"

1

Nanade, Sunny, Sachin Lal, and Archana Nanade. "4QS Predictive Model Based on Machine Learning for Continuous Student Learning Assessment." In Technology and Tools in Engineering Education, 185–211. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003102298-10.

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2

Akbar, M. Bilal, Alison Lawson, and Nick Turner. "Lauterborn’s 4Cs." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Social Marketing, 1–8. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14449-4_12-1.

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Akbar, M. Bilal, Alison Lawson, and Nick Turner. "Lauterborn’s 4Cs." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Social Marketing, 1–8. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14449-4_12-2.

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4

Gallagher, Shaun. "The 4Es and the 4As (Affect, Agency, Affordance, Autonomy) in the Meshed Architecture of Social Cognition." In Handbook of Embodied Psychology, 357–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78471-3_16.

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5

Celli, Carlo, and Marga Cottino-Jones. "Reconstruction and the Late ’40s." In A New Guide to Italian Cinema, 53–65. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230601826_4.

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6

Phillipson, Neil, and Rupert Wegerif. "The 4Cs of Thinking Together." In Dialogic Education, 17–24. New York : Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315621869-3.

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Phillipson, Neil, and Rupert Wegerif. "Making progress with the 4Cs." In Dialogic Education, 56–64. New York : Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315621869-5.

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Orange, Victoria. "Supercomplexity in Interaction: The 4Es." In Supercomplexity in Interaction, 23–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28018-5_3.

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9

Schlenker, Lee, and Sébastien Chantelot. "DSIGN4CHANGE: 4Ps for Improving Management Education." In Competencies in Teaching, Learning and Educational Leadership in the Digital Age, 259–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30295-9_16.

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10

von Ehrenfried, Manfred “Dutch.” "The roaring ’20s, ’30s and ’40s." In Stratonauts, 43–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02901-6_7.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "4QS"

1

Hemingway, J., A. Imam, and V. Thiyagesh. "G253(P) 4HS and 4TS – could you manage them all?" In Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, Abstracts of the RCPCH Conference–Online, 25 September 2020–13 November 2020. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2020-rcpch.218.

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2

Fei, Wenrui, Zeying Zhang, and Qiwen Deng. "Universal Pictures’ SWOT Analysis and 4Ps & 4Cs Marketing Strategies in the Post-COVID-19 Era." In 2021 International Conference on Public Relations and Social Sciences (ICPRSS 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.211020.205.

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3

Ramamurthy, Sridhar P., Lyle Steenson, and Zhong Hu. "Computer Simulation of Warpage Formation in Polymer Injection Molding of a Step Pad." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-13429.

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Warpage is one of the most common defects of a plastic product in the polymer injection molding process. It is attributed to the differential shrinkage after the part is ejected from the die cavity due to the nonlinear material property of the polymer, improper design of the cooling system, geometry of the part and the related process parameters. In this paper, the warpage formation of a plastic part, Step Pad of polypropylene copolymer, in the cooling stage of the polymer injection molding process was simulated by finite element analysis (FEA). A three-dimensional FEA model, taking into account the nonlinear material (polypropylene copolymer) properties, with a thermal-structural sequential coupled approach of higher computing efficiency was developed. The effects of mold closed time and layout of cooling system on the dimension and shape of the part were investigated. Industrial experiments for the different mold closed times (25s, 30s, 35s, 40s, 45s, 50s, and 55s) were conducted. The simulation results were compared with the experimental results. The approach is effective in predicting warpage in the polymer injection molding processes.
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4

Hayakawa, Yuta, Hiroto Hamane, and Akihiko Nakamura. "Reverse and Same Phase Hydraulic 4WS System for Solar Vehicle." In FISITA World Congress 2021. FISITA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46720/f2020-vdc-083.

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"This paper introduces hydraulic 4WS system developed for the solar vehicles that participated in the 2017 and 2019 Bridgestone World Solar Challenges. This is the world's first solar powered vehicle to demonstrate hydraulic 4WS. The reverse phase 4WS allows the layout of steered tires are in a limited vehicle body space. Furthermore, in order to convert the crosswind into propulsion when the vehicle receives a crosswind, same phase 4WS was developed. The 2017 vehicle introduced a hydraulic 4WS system with multi-link and rigid suspension. In 2019 vehicles, 4WS was introduced to the trailing arm suspension. The same phase steering angle can be controlled from the driver's seat. The hydraulic circuit uses three cylinders. There is a cylinder mounted on the front steering mechanism, a cylinder that steers the rear wheels, and a centering cylinder that is responsible for adjusting and restoring the center position in the middle. When a load is input to the front cylinder, the centering cylinder and the rear cylinder operate. The steering unit consists of a rack and pinion gear that changes the steering wheel into linear motion, a front cylinder and a stopper which starts the operation of the 4WS. Normally, only the front wheels are steered by rack and pinion gears. When the steering is turned beyond a certain turning angle, the 4WS is driven for the first time by the stopper. The centering cylinder is loaded with an initial load by a spring. When the load on the front cylinder is stopped, all cylinders return to the initial position. In addition, the centering cylinder mechanism was designed so that the set length of the spring could be adjusted. The initial positions of the three cylinders can be adjusted by adjusting the spring set length. That is, same phase 4WS can be realized by this adjustment. This papers that hydraulic 4WS can be introduced for two different suspensions. The proposed systems were successfully tested on 3000 km of public roads in Australia. This paper introduces Reverse and Same Phase Hydraulic 4WS system."
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5

Chen, Yunfei, Lanbo Zhang, Aaron Michelony, and Yi Zhang. "4Is of social bully filtering." In the 21st ACM international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2396761.2398723.

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6

Haimsch, Krebs, and Ziemann. "A 4ns 16k BiCMOS SRAM." In 1993 Symposium on VLSI Circuits. IEEE, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vlsic.1989.1037492.

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7

Santiago, Daniel. "Triple configuration coexistence in 44S." In VI European Summer School on Experimental Nuclear Astrophysics. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.148.0025.

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8

Peng, Yansong, Fengchen Wang, Saikrishna Gurumoorthy, Yan Chen, and Mutian Xin. "Experimental Validations on Vision-Based Path Tracking With Preview Four Wheel Steering Control." In ASME 2019 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2019-9159.

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Abstract In this paper, a vision-based path-tracking control strategy using four-wheel steering (4WS) is experimentally investigated via an automated ground vehicle (AGV). A low-cost monocular camera is used to continuously perceive the upcoming lane boundaries via capturing the preview road image frames. Based on the applied image processing algorithms, the vehicle lateral offset error with respect to the road center line and the heading angle error with respect to the road curvature are calculated in real time for the control purpose. The 4WS path-tracking controller is designed to minimize the two path-tracking errors of the AGV. The AGV with the 4WS system is utilized to perform the experimental tests on road to validate the path-tracking control design. For comparison, the road test is also conducted for the path-tracking control with only the front wheel steering. The experimental results show that the proposed 4WS is able to achieve better path-tracking performance.
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9

Zong, Changfu, Li Mai, Bo Hu, and Zhenhai Gao. "Research on Steer-by-Wire System With Ideal Steering Ratio and 4WS." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-81183.

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This paper has studied the variable steering ratio for steering-by-wire (SBW) based on the 29 DOF vehicle dynamic model, which kept the steering gain of vehicle constant. And the steering ratio varied with the vehicle velocity and hand wheel angles. We have proposed three control strategies for SBW including front wheel control, yaw rate feedback control and yaw rate & acceleration feedback control. We compared these three control methods by simulation and simulator tests. We have researched the forward and feedback control methods in the four wheels (4WS) for SBW system. And compared with 2WS for SBW and the classical 4WS. The results indicated that 4WS for SBW could improve the vehicle handling.
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10

Skarpetis, Michael G., Fotios N. Koumboulis, Fokionas S. Barmpokas, and George E. Chamilothoris. "Decoupling Control Algorithms for 4WS Vehicles." In 2006 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmech.2006.252578.

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Звіти організацій з теми "4QS"

1

Perron, Rebecca, and G. Oscar Anderson. Perspectives on Age Discrimination From Workers in Their 40s: Infographic. AARP Research, April 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26419/res.00382.001.

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2

Watt, Robert Gregory. Preshot Predictions for LA-43S-1 using the Eulerian AMR Code Roxane. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1226889.

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3

Haider, Huma. Education, Conflict, and Stability in South Sudan. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.129.

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This Emerging Issues Report explores the relationship between education, conflict, and (in)stability in South Sudan, drawing on a wide range of academic, policy, and programming literature. There is a growing body of research on the ways in which education can both exacerbate conflict and contribute to peace. The 4Rs framework (focusing on aspects of Redistribution, Recognition, Representation, and Reconciliation) provides a holistic way to explore and address the education system’s relationship to economic, social, cultural and political development processes; and its role in producing or exacerbating inequalities that fuel grievances and ultimately conflict (Novelli et al., 2019, 2016). The 4Rs framework is adopted throughout this report, at the start of each main section, providing summaries of key issues in the delivery of education and outcomes in South Sudan. These summaries are also presented in this overview. The report also looks at the interaction of donor interventions in education with conflict and stability in South Sudan, focusing on the Girls’ Education South Sudan (GESS) programme (see below), but also drawing on a few other interventions. While there is a range of donor reports and other literature that outline and discuss these initiatives and their impacts, there is limited research that makes explicit connections to their interactions with conflict and (in)stability.
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4

ABB ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES INC PORTLAND ME. No Further Action Decision Under CERCLA Study Area 43S Historic Gas Station Sites Fort Devens, Massachusetts. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada467349.

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5

Solodov, E. Initial State Radiation Study at Upsilon(4S) in BABAR. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/839661.

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6

Aubert, B. Measurement of the Branching Fraction of Upsilon(4S) to B0B0bar. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/839875.

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7

Pierce, R., and R. Christensen. ASCI Program 4Q FY-99-Quarterly Progress Report (Unclassified Projects). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/793931.

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8

BALYSH, A. N., and O. B. CHIRICOVA. SOME ASPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF ROCKET WEAPONS IN THE USSR IN THE 20-40S OF THE XX CENTURY. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2077-1770-2021-14-1-2-91-102.

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The aim of the article. Establishment and development of the USSR rocket weapons for the period of the New Economic Policy and industrialization is one of the most interesting and poorly researched problem of the USSR military industry. The USSR first researches in the field of rocket weapons and ammunition creation, their features and results are poorly investigated by national historical science and just they are observed in the paper. Methodology. General principles of historism and objectivity are the theoretical-methodological base of this work. Author also use special historical methods: logic, systematic, chronological, actualisation and periodizing. Results. The paper is written by using the declassified documents for Official Use Only, by military technical documents, stored in the Russian National Library, little known memories of direct participants and some published researches. By considering these documents and materials it become clear that in the USSR before the Great Patriotic War a complex of problems on rocket weapon implementation were conditioned by objective and subjective reasons. The consequence of this was the adoption of some unfounded species of reactive weapons before the Great Patriotic War, who received an overestimated assessment and not justified all expectations and hopes assigned to them during the fighting. As a result, only by the end of the war these systems began to be used for their true purpose. Practical application. Practical significance of this work is as follows: facts shown in the article and conclusions drawn on them can be used for further research of USSR rocket weapon establishment and development in 20-40th years of XX century and also for Soviet history in general.
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9

Salisbury, M. L. The Specialist vs. Corporal: All E-4s Are Not the Same. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada509354.

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10

Jessop, Colin P. Study of the B0 Semileptonic Decay Spectrum at the upsilon(4S) Resonance. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/813094.

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