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Статті в журналах з теми "1933-"
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Teslyuk, Roman T., Nataliya I. Andrusyshyn, and Mariya V. Bachynska. "The features of the USSR population reproduction in 1920–1930 in the demographic stability parameters." Regional Economy, no. 2(100) (2021): 110–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.36818/1562-0905-2021-2-11.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The 1932–1933 Holodomor genocide caused a significant reduction of the population and distorted the main parameters of the country’s demographic stability. To analyze the changes in the population by the longitudinal analysis method, the survival rates are calculated for age groups of the population in the intercensal periods. Calculations based on the data of 1926 and 1939 censuses show substantial inconsistencies in the survival rate for five female age groups within the range of 33-57 years old. Despite the 1932–1933 demographic catastrophe and taking into account the natural mortality before and after the Holodomor, the number of people in these age categories changed slightly and even increased for the 43-47 category. The authors prove that migration in the intercensal period couldn’t have caused such growth, and the calculated coefficients confirm the questionable quality of the 1939 census. The paper reveals that the first stage of demographic transition should have been in 1932–1933, yet historical-political and socio-economic conditions of demographic reproduction aggravated considerably in early 1930. The recovery of the high birth rate in 1937–1938 shows that the first stage of demographic transition wasn’t finalized. Calculation of the number of women in the most active childbirth age and analysis of birth rate for 1924–1929 shows that in 1930–1933, the birth rate should have increased. The calculated indirect demographic losses account 310,000-430,000 annually for 1930, 1931, 1937, and 1938, and from 630,000 to 1 million for 1932–1936. Such insignificant volume of indirect losses substantially reduced demographic stability, in the first place of Ukrainian village. The incomplete and questionable nature of demographic data after 1932 does not allow complete reconstruction of the demographic reproduction processes in the USSR in the 1930s. Archive data on the natural movement of the population on lover administrative-territorial levels, current statistical recordings, and recordings of the civil status acts on birth and mortality, etc. can be the perspective sources of demographic information.
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Tremblay, Jonathan. "La contribution des conservateurs à la longue survie des organisations fascistes d’Adrien Arcand. Un élément d’explication." Globe 18, no. 1 (November 4, 2016): 47–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1037877ar.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
De 1929 jusqu’à sa mort en 1967, Adrien Arcand assume la direction de l’Ordre patriotique des goglus (1929-1934), du Parti national social-chrétien (1934-1938) et du Parti de l’Unité nationale du Canada (1938-1940, 1947-1958, 1965-1967). Pendant ce temps, il publie plusieurs journaux, dont Le Goglu (1929-1933), Le Miroir (1929-1933), Le Chameau (1930-1932), Le Patriote (1933-1938), Le Fasciste canadien (1935-1938), Le Combat national (1938-1939), L’Unité nationale (1953-1958) et Serviam (1965-2001). Pour financer ses médias et ses mouvements politiques constamment déficitaires, Arcand se comporte comme un véritable mercenaire en rendant deux sortes de services aux conservateurs qui consentent à lui verser des subsides. Il leur offre en tout premier lieu ses talents d’éditorialiste en soutenant constamment leur politique dans ses journaux. Il demande, en second lieu, à ses disciples fascistes de militer en faveur de leur parti politique lors des campagnes électorales. C’est en concluant ce genre d’accords avec les principaux ténors du Parti conservateur du Canada et de l’Union nationale qu’Adrien Arcand a pu mener en toute impunité sa campagne antisémite et fasciste pendant plus de trente ans.
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Sultonboyevich, Sultonov Oybek. "Child of The Nation- A Journey to Empowerment and Hope." Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research Fundamentals 5, no. 4 (April 1, 2025): 35–38. https://doi.org/10.55640/jsshrf-05-04-09.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Hakim Tuyakov was born in 1903 in Tashkent city to an artisan family. In 1929–1930, he served as the prosecutor of the Bukhara district, and from 1930 to 1932, he was the prosecutor of the Gijduvon district. From 1932 to 1934, he held the position of Chairman of the Gijduvon district RCCP (Regional Committee of the Communist Party) and served as the Assistant Prosecutor of the Uzbekistan SSR (Soviet Socialist Republic) from January to September of 1934. Between 1934 and 1935, he was the prosecutor of the Shofirkon district, and from 1935 to 1937, he served as the prosecutor of the Surkhandarya district. From November 1937 to January 1938, he worked as the Deputy Prosecutor of the Khorezm district.
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Markovskyi, Andrii. "PARALLELS OF GERMAN AVANT-GARDE ARCHITECTURE AND DEVELOPMENT IN KYIV." Current problems of architecture and urban planning, no. 58 (November 30, 2020): 302–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2077-3455.2020.58.302-313.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article presents a comparative analysis of some key objects of German and Kyiv architecture of the early twentieth century to determine the corresponding trends. Parallels and identities are shown and noted. An analysis of the background and context is given, as well as the author's conclusions of the respective styles. In particular, German Werkbund, international Art Nouveau, Ukrainian architectural Art Nouveau, "New Objectivity", Bauhaus, functionalism, constructivism, post-constructivism, German and Soviet neoclassicism are mentioned.
 Were analyzed in detail: The Fagus Factory (1910-1911) by Walter Gropius and Adolf Meyer, Centennial Hall (1911-1913) by the Max Berg, the Kyiv district power plant (named after Stalin), (1926–1930) by Mikhailo Parusnikov with the participation of George Goltz and Andrey Burov, Rolit (1932) by Vasul. Krychesky, Ehrentempel (1933–1936) and The Haus der Kunst in Munich (1933 - 1937) by Paul Ludwig Troost, competitive proposals for the construction of the Government Quarter in Kyiv (1934 - 1935) and the hotel within the Government Quarter (1939). Mentioned Esposizione Universale Roma (EUR) by Marcello Piacentini, projects by Albert Speer and others.
 The article summarizes a series of author's researches devoted to a detailed analysis of international context and parallels of Kyiv architecture which is represented in the background of the consistent artistic transitions (from eclecticism and historical reminiscences to modernism, from Art Nouveau to avant-garde, from constructivism to Soviet neoclassicism and, finally, from Stalinist empire to modernism).
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شاكر الكيم, حيدر ناظم. "النهج الجديد (1933-1938) للرئيس الأمريكي فرانكلين ديلانو روزيفيلت". Journal of Education College Wasit University 1, № 31 (22 листопада 2018): 367–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.31185/eduj.vol1.iss31.645.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
بعد الأزمة الإقتصادية المدمرة المعروف بالكساد الكبير (1929) وبقيت آثاره شاخص ومؤثرة حتى (1939)، التي ضربت الإقتصاد الأمريكي، وإمتدت آثارها إلى كل العالم، بادر الرئيس الجديد (فرانكلين ديلانو روزيفيلت) فور فوزه بمنصب الرئاسة في (1932)، بإطلاق حملة إصلاحية إمتدت للمدة (1933- 1938) عرفت بـ(النهج الجديد)، روج لها خلال حملته الإنتخابية. جاءت تلك الحملة على مرحلتين من البرامج الهادفة والمتخصصة التي غطت شتى القطاعات الإقتصادية والإجتماعية، الأولى عرفت بـ(حملة الجديد الأولى)، والتي إستمرت تشريعاتها بالصدور للمدة (1933-1934)، وتم التركز في برامجها وتشريعاتها على مشاريع الإغاثة الآنية ذات التأثير العاجل والمؤقت لإيقاف التداعيات المتسارعة للإزمة الإقتصادية من إيقاف إنهيار سوق الأسهم وقيمة العملة تقليص عدد العاطلين عن العمل ولو بصورة مؤقتة. أما (حملة الجديد الثانية) التي إستمرت للمدة (1935-1938) حتى نهاية الركود الإقتصادي (1937-1938) وبروز بوادر الحرب العالمية الثانية. وكان التركيز في برامج هذه الحزمة من الإصلاحات على إيقاف العمل بمشاريع الطوارئ والبرامج المؤقتة، والإنتقال من مرحلة الإغاثة إلى مرحلة الإنعاش الإقتصادي الهادف لإيجاد أسس معالجة جديدة أعمق تأثيراً وأطول أمداً وتأسيس بنية إقتصادية أكثر متانة وفاعلية.
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LONGINO, JOHN T. "The Crematogaster (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae) of Costa Rica." Zootaxa 151, no. 1 (March 5, 2003): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.151.1.1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The taxonomy and natural history of the ant genus Crematogaster are reviewed for the Costa Rican fauna. Thirtyone species are known, and a key is provided for these and two additional species from adjacent regions of Panama. Species boundaries are evaluated over their entire range when possible. The taxonomic history of the genus is one of unbridled naming of new species and subspecies, with no synthetic works or keys. Major taxonomic changes are proposed, with the recognition of several polytypic species with very broad ranges and the synonymization of the many names associated with them. Crematogaster pygmaea Forel 1904, suturalis Forel 1912, ornatipilis Wheeler 1918, erici Santschi 1929, and chacoana Santschi 1933 are synonymized under abstinens Forel 1899; centralis Santschi 1932 under acuta (Fabricius 1804); aruga Forel 1913 under arcuata Forel 1899; ludio Forel 1912, armandi Forel 1921, inca Wheeler 1925, and cocciphila Borgmeier 1934 under brasiliensis Mayr 1878; parabiotica Forel 1904 under carinata Mayr 1862; brevispinosa Mayr 1870, minutior Forel 1893, schuppi Forel 1901, recurvispina Forel 1912, sampaioi Forel 1912, striatinota Forel 1912, townsendi Wheeler 1925, and chathamensis Wheeler 1933 under crinosa Mayr 1862; barbouri Weber 1934 under cubaensis Mann 1920; antillana Forel 1893, sculpturata Pergande 1896, kemali Santschi 1923, accola Wheeler 1934, phytoeca Wheeler 1934, panamana Wheeler 1942, and obscura Santschi 1929 under curvispinosa Mayr 1870; descolei Kusnezov 1949 under distans Mayr 1870; projecta Santschi 1925 under erecta Mayr 1866; carbonescens Forel 1913 under evallans Forel 1907; palans Forel 1912, ascendens Wheeler 1925, and dextella Santschi 1929 under limata F. Smith 1858; agnita Wheeler 1934 under obscurata Emery 1895; amazonensis Forel 1905, autruni Mann 1916, and guianensis Crawley 1916 under stollii Forel 1885; surdior Forel 1885, atitlanica Wheeler 1936, and maya Wheeler 1936 under sumichrasti Mayr 1870; tumulifera Forel 1899 and arizonensis Wheeler 1908 under torosa Mayr 1870. The following taxa are raised to species: ampla Forel 1912, brevidentata Forel 1912, chodati Forel 1921, crucis Forel 1912, cubaensis Mann 1920, goeldii Forel 1903, malevolens Santschi 1919, mancocapaci Santschi 1911, moelleri Forel 1912, montana Borgmeier 1939, obscurata Emery 1895, rochai Forel 1903, russata Wheeler 1925, sericea Forel 1912, stigmatica Forel 1911, sub-tonsa Santschi 1925, tenuicula Forel 1904, thalia Forel 1911, uruguayensis Santschi 1912, and vicina Andre 1893. The following new species are described: bryophilia, flavomicrops, flavosensitiva, foliocrypta, jardinero, levior, monteverdensis, raptor, snellingi, sotobosque, and wardi.
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TARNAVSKYI, Roman. "Ethnography of the western and southern slavs at the reception of professor Adam Fischer." Problems of slavonic studies 70 (2021): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/sls.2021.70.3756.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: In 1924, the Department of Ethnology under the leadership of the Polish ethnologist, Professor Adam Fischer was established at Lviv University. The department was to specialize in Slavic issues. Thus, since the founding of the unit, Slav-ic ethnography has been one of the main topics in A. Fischer’s courses. However, until the early 1930s, these disciplines were concluded in areas of culture. A. Fischer began to implement another concept of lecture courses (by peoples or their groups) in the 1930s, after traveling to Central and Eastern Europe(travel geography included ethno-graphic centers of cities such as Prague, Brno, Martin, Bratislava, Vienna, Ljubljana, Zagreb, Belgrade, Budapest). It was then that the Lviv professor started the series “Slavic Ethnography”. It was to consist of a synthesis of “General Characteristics of Slavic Ethnography” and 11 parts of the complex characteristics of individual Slavic peoples (coverage of such issues as the boundaries of ethnic territory and ethnographic zoning, stages of ethnic history, dialectal and anthropological features, the history of ethnographic research, areas of folk culture). Purpose: The work is aimed to analyze the views of the Polish ethnologist of the interwar period Adam Fischer on the Western and Southern Slavs, in particular on the basis of the manuscripts of a professor from the Archives of the Polish Ethnological Society (Wrocław, Poland). Results: Among the West Slavic peoples, A. Fischer singled out the Polabians (German-assimilated Polabian tribes living in the area between the Elbe, the Oder and the Baltic Sea), Lusatians, Poles (the professor emphasized the population of Pomera-nia, in particular, the Kashubians, whose features against the background of the Polish people explained primarily by the Baltic influences), Czechs and Slovaks (in the series “Slavic Ethnography” two separate notebooks dedicated to these peoples were planned. Instead, in the Archives of the Polish Ethnological Society there is one manuscript of two parts – “Czechs” and “Slovaks”, respectively, which was obviously influenced by their stay in the interwar period within one state). In developing the general scheme of the series“Slavic Ethnography”, A. Fischer often used the principle of the existence of the state among the people (which is ethnologically incorrect).This can be seen primarily in the materials about the South Slavs: separate notebooks of the series were to be devoted only to such South Slavic peoples as Serbs and Croats (A. Fischer characterized them as separate peoples with one language), Slovenes, Bulgarians.In the manuscript “Ethnography of Bulgaria” the scholar paid special attention to the Macedonians, emphasizing that part of the then Bul-garian state was not Bulgarian ethnic territory.Instead, Montenegrins and Bosnians (A. Fisher used the term “Muslim Serbo-Croats”) were mentioned occasionally by the pro-fessor in the context of the characterization of the peoples of Yugoslavia.The lecture course “Balkan Peninsula” prepared by A. Fischer deserves special attention. Here, the scientist used the geographical factor to the grouping of the material. Key words: Adam Fischer, Lviv University, “Slavic Ethnography”, Western Slavs, Southern Slavs, Ethnic Processes, Folk Culture. Archives of New Files in Warsaw [unpublished sourse], Mf Nr. B 11453 (2442). (In Polish) Archives of Polish Ethnological Society [unpublished sourse], No. inv. 16, 22, 31, 64, 66, 73, 74, 76, 77, 81, 87, 123, 124, 136, 154, 280, 281. (In Polish) Burszta, J., 1971. Ethnography of Poland and the Western Territories. Lud, 55, pp.15–28. (In Polish) Falkowski, J., 1931. Fischer A. Slavic Ethnography. First issue: Polabian Slavs. Lviv-Warsaw 1932. Published by Książnica-Atlas. Page 40 + 1 map, with 18 engravings in the test. Price: 2.40 PLN. Lud, 30, pp.239–240. (In Polish) Fischer, A., 1932. Slavic Ethnography. First issue: Polabians. Lviv, Warsaw: Książni-ca-Atlas. (In Polish) Fischer, A., 1932. Slavic Ethnography. Second issue: Lusatians. Lviv, Warsaw: Książnica-Atlas. (In Polish) Fischer, A., 1934. Slavic Ethnography. Third issue: Poles. Lviv, Warsaw: Książnica-Atlas. (In Polish) Fischer, A., 1937. Trees in the beliefs and rituals of the Polish people, Lud, 35, pp.60–76. (In Polish) Kaminśkyj, W., 1927. Adam Fischer. Polish People. The Polish textbook, prepared with the allowance of the Ministry of Religious Denominations and Public Education. With 3 maps and 58 fig. in text. Lviv – Warsaw – Kraków 1926. S. IV + 240. Lud, 26, pp.104–106. (In Polish) Kujawska, M., Łuczaj, Ł., Sosnowska, J. and Klepacki, P., 2016. Plants in folk beliefs and customs – Adam Fischer’s Dictionary. Wrocław: PTL. (In Polish) Lorentz, F., Lehr-Spławiński, T. and Fischer, A., 1934. Kashubians: folk culture and language. Toruń: In-t Bałtycki. (In Polish) Program of lectures for the summer semester of 1910/1911 academic year. Emperor Francis I University in Lviv, 1911. Lviv: First Union Printing House. (In Polish) Program of lectures in the 1st and 2nd trimester of the 1921/1922 academic year. Jan Kazimierz University in Lviv, 1921. Lviv: First Union Printing House. (In Polish) Program of lectures in the 3rd trimester of the 1921–1922 academic year. Jan Kazim-ierz University in Lviv, 1922. Lviv: First Union Printing House. (In Polish) Program of lectures in the 1st and 2nd trimester of the 1922/1923 academic year. Jan Kazimierz University in Lviv, 1922. Lviv: First Union Printing House. (In Polish) Program of lectures in the 1924/1925 academic year. Jan Kazimierz University in Lviv, 1924. Lviv: First Union Printing House. (In Polish) Program of lectures in the 1925/1926 academic year. Jan Kazimierz University in Lviv, 1925. Lviv: First Union Printing House. (In Polish) Program of lectures in the 1926/1927 academic year. Jan Kazimierz University in Lviv, 1926. Lviv: First Union Printing House. (In Polish) Program of lectures in the 1927/1928 academic year. Jan Kazimierz University in Lviv, 1927. Lviv: First Union Printing House. (In Polish) Program of lectures in the 1929/1930 academic year. Jan Kazimierz University in Lviv, 1929. Lviv: First Union Printing House. (In Polish) Program of lectures in the 1930/1931 academic year. Jan Kazimierz University in Lviv, 1930. Lviv: First Union Printing House. (In Polish) Program of lectures in the 1931/1932 academic year and the staff of the University in the 1930/1931 and 1931/1932 academic years. Jan Kazimierz University in Lviv, 1931. Lviv: Scientific printing house. (In Polish) Program of lectures and the staff of the University in the 1932/1933 academic year. Jan Kazimierz University in Lviv, 1932. Lviv: Scientific printing house. (In Polish) Program of lectures in the 1933/1934 academic year. Jan Kazimierz University in Lviv, 1933. Lviv: Scientific printing house. (In Polish) Program of lectures in the 1934/1935 academic year. Jan Kazimierz University in Lviv, 1934. Lviv: Scientific printing house. (In Polish) Program of lectures in the 1935/1936 academic year. Jan Kazimierz University in Lviv, 1935. Lviv: Scientific printing house. (In Polish) Program of lectures in the 1937/1938 academic year. Jan Kazimierz University in Lviv, 1937. Lviv: Scientific printing house. (In Polish) Program of lectures in the 1938/1939 academic year. Jan Kazimierz University in Lviv, 1938. Lviv: Scientific printing house. (In Polish) State Archives of Lviv Region, [unpublished sourse], f. 26, 2, 543; 5, 1956. (In Polish) Staff of the University and the lecture program for the summer semester of 1900/1901 academic year. Emperor Francis I University in Lviv, 1901. Lviv: First Union Printing House. (In Polish) Staff of the University and the lecture program for the winter semester of 1901/1902 academic year. Emperor Francis I University in Lviv, 1901. Lviv: First Union Printing House. (In Polish)
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SERHIYCHUK, VOLODYMYR. "DETERMINING THE NUMBER OF VICTIMS OF THE HOLODOMOR GENOCIDE OF 1932-1933 IN UKRAINE." Skhid 2, no. 2 (September 15, 2021): 42–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21847/1728-9343.2021.2(2).239373.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article analyzes the state of counting the casualties of the Holodomor-genocide of 1932-1933 in Ukraine. In par-ticular, there are testimonies of German and Italian diplomats of the time, who received confidential information from Soviet officials, which formed the basis of the established diaspora statement about the casualties: “from 7 to 10 million”. It is noted that during Gorbachev’s Perestroika in the USSR, Moscow was forced to recognize the Holodomor in Ukraine and allowed to write about the loss of 3.5 million people. Modern Ukrainian demographers, who work for foreign grants, continue to support this figure with some clarifications. At the same time, the primary documents of the Ukrainian archives, thanks to the historical and statistical method, make it possible to establish the minimum number of casualties during the Holodomor-genocide of 1932-1933 at 7,117.6 thousand people, because the information has been perceived on the population of the UkrSSR as of early 1932 (32,680 thousand people) and those born in 1932-1933, which allows us to establish the presence of inhabitants of the city and village as of January 1, 1934 using updated materials of the All-Union Census of 1937 and human growth in 1934-1936 – only 26,815.8 thousand. And it should have been 33,853.5 thousand people. And the use of histor-ical-statistical method of calculation allows to reach the figure of 9.5 million in the UkrSSR. This is provided that the dead hungry Ukrainian peasants in Russia and Belarus, where they went for bread, and were shot by Soviet border guards or drowned in the Zbruch and the Dniester due to their inability to swim are counted; when the number of workers brought from the Soviet republics in 1932-1936 to the socialist new buildings of the UkrSSR, who were counted as its inhabitants during the All-Union census of 1937, etc., are established.Of particular importance for establishing the probability of these losses is the reconstruction of the correspondence of the occupancy of the first grades of Ukrainian schools in 1932-1939 with the number of births in 1924-1931. Thus, in the Orativ, Tarashchansky, and Pereyaslavsky districts of the then Kyiv Region, after 1933, half or even less of 8-year-old children were admitted to school. The same picture was observed in all areas of the current Poltava Region. As in all primary schools in the Petrykivka district of the Dnipropetrovsk Region, where almost half of last year’s students of 1st-3rd grades, who continued their education from September 1, 1933, were not admitted – 1,883.This comprehensive approach to the study has made it possible to establish the loss of children, which was not less than 4 million, and the total losses in the UkrSSR, using the historical and legal method, – more than 9 million people. More than 1 million losses of Ukrainians outside the UkrSSR should be added to these victims, which is a total of more than 10 million.
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Miskelly, Colin M. "Bird names commemorating Edgar Stead." Notornis 59, no. 1-2 (June 15, 2012): 7. https://doi.org/10.63172//450410aqmwqu.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Edgar Stead (1881-1949) documented avian diversity on the islands around Stewart I during the 1930s and 1940s, and named 3 new passerine subspecies in 1936. Between 1912 and 1950, 6 other newly-recognised bird taxa were given the epithet ‘steadi’. Four of these were indisputably named after Edgar Stead: Stictocarbo steadi Oliver, 1930, Pseudoprion turtur steadi Mathews, 1932, Thalassarche cauta steadi Falla, 1933, and Petroica (Miro) australis steadi Fleming, 1950. Carbo carbo steadi Mathews & Iredale, 1913 was probably named after Edgar Stead. It is suggested that Procellaria aequinoctialis steadi Mathews, 1912 was most likely named after the Australian naturalist David Stead (1877-1957). Among the birds named by or for Edgar Stead, only Thalassarche cauta steadi Falla, 1933, Xenicus longipes variabilis Stead, 1936, and Bowdleria punctata wilsoni Stead, 1936 are recognised as valid taxa in the 2010 Checklist of the birds of New Zealand. Stictocarbo steadi Oliver, 1930 is permanently invalid. A list of type specimens collected by Stead is presented, representing 6 currently recognised taxa.
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Rufinoni, Simone Rossinetti. "Mulheres no romance brasileiro de 1930: aporias do espaço público." Diablotexto Digital 12 (December 23, 2022): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.7203/diablotexto.12.25189.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
El estudio se detiene en seis novelas brasileñas da década de 1930: Parque Industrial (1930), de Patrícia Galvão; Os Corumbas (1933) e Rua do siriri (1937), de Amando Fontes; Caminho de pedras (1935), de Rachel de Queiroz; A estrela sobe (1937), de Marques Rebelo e Lapa (1936), de Luís Martins – a partir de la presencia de la figuración de la mujer en la vida pública. El recorrido que parte de las promesas de emancipación culmina en la prostitución aprehende el sentido colectivo de las trayectorias individuales, signo de la inoperancia del estatuto del sujeto burgués mujer entre las disposiciones de la casa y de la calle.
Дисертації з теми "1933-"
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Eberhardt, Martin. "Die Kriminalpolizei 1933 - 1939." [S.l.] : Universität Konstanz , Philosophische Fakultät, Fachgruppe Geschichte, 1999. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB8501006.
Повний текст джерела
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Дігтяр, Г. О. "Голодомор 1932-1933 pp.: свідчення очевидців". Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2011. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/20085.
Повний текст джерела
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MARCONE, GASPARE LUIGI. "PIERO MANZONI (1933-1963)SCRITTI E DOCUMENTI (1956-1963)." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/612115.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Piero Manzoni (1933-1963). Scritti e documenti (1956-1963) focuses principally on two paths destined to intersect: a commentary on the texts published during the artist’s lifetime and a critical anthology composed of reviews, articles and texts published in Italy; in both cases the chronological extremes are the summer of 1956 and the February of 1963.
A major primary source of material is without doubt the archive of the Fondazione Piero Manzoni in Milan, in part still under-explored by researchers. Documents, letters, texts and in some cases even new works have been found in private collections and in institutional archives and libraries. This paper is principally concerned with underling the various periods of Manzoni’s early career; that is to say, when the young artist was involved in direct exchanges and experiences with the great Italian artists – who undoubtedly drew on stimuli from international culture – of the previous generations. This germinal period was also the richest in terms of manifestos and texts, with relative drafts, proofs and notes, some already known and studied and others still awaiting clarification.
In recent years there has been an increase in the number of publications and exhibitions on Manzoni’s “later” years, analysing his output from around 1959-1960 through to his premature death, in substance from the period of the magazine Azimuth and the Galleria Azimut onwards, a period in which his work, projects and contacts had a European scope, delineating new forms and genealogies. Unfortunately, however, less attention has been paid to analysis of Manzoni’s early period, the formative years, his roots, his first solitary or “nuclear” or slightly “concretist” ventures that form the origins and foundations of the later European projects.
The brief introductory essay primarily attempts to “list” ideas, materials, reflections and figures very frequently “new”, unpublished, forgotten or neglected. A commentary on the texts, Manzoni’s words and the thinking of his critics complete this endless study. A further twist is provided by this author’s own research; the material discovered during the past three years’ study join and intersect with documents analysed previously which have in some cases first seen the light of day in articles published in monographical works, exhibition catalogues or conference papers. The more the research into Manzoni progresses, the clearer the idea of the infinite becomes – the “infinitable” as Manzoni himself would say – in the sense that it is open-ended.
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Bastisch, André. "Arbeitsbeschaffungsmaßnahmen im Dritten Reich von 1933-1936 /." München : Grin-Verl, 2000. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=020220361&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Fortin, Marcel. "La fortune critique d'Alain Grandbois, 1933-1963." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=41326.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Between 1933 and 1963, many Quebec critics followed with interest--some sporadically, others regularly--the works and career of Alain Grandbois (1900-1975). This thesis analyzes in systematic fashion the content and the evolution of their discourse.<br>In addition to engaging in "dialogue" (via their reviews) with certain publishers, the critics reflected upon the problem of regionalism and universalism in Grandbois' "clear and simple" prose works, although in quite different ways with each new book. The collections of poems, on the other hand, because of their "hermetism", induced commentators to study the question of the intelligible and the unintelligible in poetry, a question closely linked to that of the meaning--or the absurdity--of existence. Moreover, these interpreters of Grandbois' works, in order to actualize them, read them into the social discourse of the time. Thus, some denounced them for reasons of dogma or of morality; others, more numerous, sought to make Grandbois' texts more "readable" by referring them to current events or phenomena, such as the Second World War, the immediate post-war period, or the "silent revolution" of the 1960s.<br>Products of the classical education system, Grandbois' exegetes drew their inspiration from the principal tendencies of European criticism. As well, they tended to compare Grandbois' prose works to those of French prose writers of the interwar years, and to link his poetry to that of European poets (the surrealists and those they influenced, among others), although occasional reference was made to local writers.<br>Over time, the critics came to construct the myth of Alain Grandbois, that "exceptional" literary and human being who acclimatized the "modern" poem to Quebec, after having roamed the world from 1925 to 1940. The history of Alain Grandbois' critical good fortune, in short, is that of a happy match between an "eminently" distinguished author and his grateful commentators, for whom he created the opportunity to say "new" things about man, art and life.
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Heidegger, Martin. "El rectorado 1933-1934. Hechos y Reflexiones." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú - Departamento de Humanidades, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113146.
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Göbel, Manfred. "Katholische Jugendverbände und Freiwilliger Arbeitsdienst 1931-1933 /." Paderborn : F. Schöningh, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb399650071.
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LIJOI, LUCILLA. "Il sognatore sveglio - Alberto Savinio 1933-1943." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/943915.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This work reconstructs the cultural activity of Alberto Savinio between 1933 and 1943, investigating his production from a journalistic, literary and artistic point of view. Furthermore, it aims at reconstructing the nature of his relationship with the fascist regime between 1930s and 1940s.
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Diaz, Elvire. "Miguel Mihura (1905-1977) : de l'humoriste de presse (1923-1933) au dramaturge (1932-1968)." Bordeaux 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR30053.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Miguel Mihura (1905-1977) a débuté comme humoriste de presse en publiant des narrations brèves humoristiques dans de nombreux périodiques dès 1923. Le corpus formé par les 150 créations mihuriennes parues dans les revues festives "Muchas gracias" (1924-1927) et "Gutierrez" (1927-1933) qui se caractérise par un humour absurde, fondé sur les paradoxes, sur la parodie, sur des personnages déshumanisés et sur un référent culturel populaire, inscrit Miguel Mihura dans une certaine avant-garde littéraire, influencé par les courants surréalistes et déshumanisants des années 1930. Ces premiers textes sont fortement théâtralisés et constituent les matériaux de base de l’œuvre dramatique postérieure de Mihura. Sa première pièce « Tres sombreros de copa », écrite en 1932, est une véritable mosaïque d'éléments empruntés à sa production journalistique de jeunesse. Trois autres pièces, "Ni pobre ni rico", "Sino todo lo contrario", "El caso del señor vestido de Violeta et Carlota", écrites entre 1939 et 1957, montrent d'importantes homologies avec le style originel de l'auteur. Les dix-neuf autres pièces de Mihura font encore des emprunts sporadiques à ses créations de jeunesse, mais divergent d'elles pour suivre le courant plus réaliste du théâtre comique espagnol<br>Miguel Mihura (1905-1977) started his career as press humorist, publishing brief humorous narrations in a great number of periodicals between 1923 and 1933. The 150 mihurian creations published in the humorous reviews "Muchas gracias" (1924-1927) and "Gutierrez" (1927-1933) contain an absurd humour, founded on paradoxes, parody, deshumanized characters and a popular cultural referent,and place Mihura in a certain avant-garde, influenced by surrealism and dehumanization. Mihura grave a theatrical form to his works and built his later dramatic works from his youth production. His first play, tres sombreros de copa, is a real mosaic of borrowings from his journalistic works and other three plays, "Ni pobre ni rico", "Sino todo lo contrario", "El caso del senor vestido de Violeta et Carlota", written between 1939 and 1957, contain important homologies with the original mihurian style. The other nineteen plays borrow yet from the youth creations but diverge from them to follow the more realistic current of the spanish comic theatre of the time
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Osborne, Thomas W. (Thomas William). "The Gleichschaltung of the Germandom organizations : 1933-1939." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23731.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis examines and assesses the Gleichschaltung of the Germandom organizations from 1933 to 1939. The first chapter outlines the Peace Treaties of Versailles, Trianon and St. Germain and their effect upon the increased German minority in Europe. This body of Germans in countries outside Germany, Austria and Switzerland are referred to as the Volksdeutsche. The policies of the Weimar Government towards the German minorities in Europe are then examined. The second chapter outlines the minority policy of the National Socialist Party and various prominent National Socialist leaders. Chapter three outlines the major non-National Socialist and National Socialist Germandom organizations. Particular emphasis is given to the Verein fur Deutschtum im Ausland or the VDA, the Volksdeutscher Rat or the VR, Auslandsorganisation der NSDAP or AO, the Buro Kursell and the Volksdeutsche Mittelstelle or VoMi. Chapters four through six deal with the events that lead to the Gleichschaltung of the Germandom organizations. Although the non-National Socialist Germandom organizations maintained a degree of independence from Nazi influence from 1933 until 2 July 1938, there was never any doubt that eventually the National Socialist Germandom organizations would gain ascendancy over them. In late 1936, the National Socialist Germandom organizations began to achieve lasting power and influence. By 1938, the non-National Socialist Germandom organizations were virtually impotent. The Gleichschaltung of the Germandom organizations, therefore, mirrors the Gleichschaltung that occurred on all levels of society in Germany following Adolf Hitler's appointment as Chancellor on 30 January 1933.
Книги з теми "1933-"
1
Golopenţia, Anton. Corespondenţa germană: (1933-1936) = Deutsche Korrespondenz (1933-1936). Bucureşti: Spandugino, 2022.
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2
Bezaut, Jean. Oranienbourg, 1933-1935, Sachsenhausen, 1936-1945: Étude. Maulévrier, France: Hérault, 1989.
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3
Gide, André. Correspondance, 1933-1937. [Nantes]: Centre d'études gidiennes, Université de Nantes, 1996.
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4
Reiter-Zatloukal, Ilse, Christiane Rothländer, and Pia Schölnberger, eds. Österreich 1933-1938. Wien: Böhlau Verlag, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7767/boehlau.9783205792291.
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Zaldumbide, Gonzalo. Cartas, 1933-1934. Quito, Ecuador: Consejo Nacional de Cultura del Ecuador Ediciones, 2000.
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6
Bonhoeffer, Dietrich. Berlin, 1932-1933. Gütersloh: Chr. Kaiser, 1997.
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Bonhoeffer, Dietrich. Berlin, 1932-1933. Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press, 2009.
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8
1932-, Goedeking Hans, Heimbucher Martin, and Schleicher Hans-Walter 1924-, eds. London, 1933-1935. Gütersloh: Chr. Kaiser, 1994.
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Bonhoeffer, Dietrich. London, 1933-1935. Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press, 2008.
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10
Gide, André. Correspondance (1933-1937). Nantes: Centre d'Études Gidiennes, Université de Nantes, 1996.
Знайти повний текст джерелаЧастини книг з теми "1933-"
1
Adair-Toteff, Christopher. "1930–1933." In Dictatorial Power and States of Exception in the Weimar Republic, 107–47. London: Routledge, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003312796-6.
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Niermans, Jean-Karl, and Edouard Niermans. "Rathaus 1931–1933." In Paris, 114–17. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-86033-0_40.
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Patterson, Douglas. "Transitions: 1933–1935." In Alfred Tarski: Philosophy of Language and Logic, 169–80. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230367227_7.
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Garscha, Winfried R. "Opferzahlen Als Tabu. Totengedenken Und Propaganda Nach Februaraufstand Und Juliputsch 1934." In Österreich 1933-1938, 111–28. Wien: Böhlau Verlag, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7767/boehlau.9783205792291.111.
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Höpfel, Frank. "Gewaltexzesse im Bürgerkrieg: Zur juristischen Aufarbeitung von Verbrechen während eines nicht-internationalen bewaffneten Konflikts." In Österreich 1933-1938, 129–39. Wien: Böhlau Verlag, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7767/boehlau.9783205792291.129.
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Bruckmüller, Karin. "Legistische und judizielle Aufarbeitung des Juliputsches." In Österreich 1933-1938, 140–52. Wien: Böhlau Verlag, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7767/boehlau.9783205792291.140.
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Somma, Alessandro. "Der Faschismus und die Große Transformation. Modernisierung und soziale Befriedung in den europäischen Diktaturen." In Österreich 1933-1938, 155–66. Wien: Böhlau Verlag, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7767/boehlau.9783205792291.155.
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Tálos, Emmerich. "Austrofaschismus und Arbeiterschaft." In Österreich 1933-1938, 167–80. Wien: Böhlau Verlag, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7767/boehlau.9783205792291.167.
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Wohnout, Helmut. "Die Verfassung 1934 im Widerstreit der unterschiedlichen Kräfte im Regierungslager." In Österreich 1933-1938, 17–30. Wien: Böhlau Verlag, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7767/boehlau.9783205792291.17.
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Schrammel, Walter. "Arbeits- und sozialrechtliche Reformen im Austrofaschismus." In Österreich 1933-1938, 181–94. Wien: Böhlau Verlag, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7767/boehlau.9783205792291.181.
Повний текст джерелаТези доповідей конференцій з теми "1933-"
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TAŞKIRAN, Özlem. "Atatürk Döneminde Kurulan Fabrikalara Bir Örnek: “Paşabahçe Şişe-Cam Fabrikası”." In 10. Uluslararası Atatürk Kongresi, 2093–118. Ankara: Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi Yayınları, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.51824/978-975-17-6044-9.07.
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“Paşabahçe Şişe-Cam Fabrikası”, ülkenin sanayi sektörünü canlandırmak amacıyla 1933-1938 yılları arasında Türkiye’de uygulanan Birinci Beş Yıllık Kalkınma Planı’na bağlı olarak kuruldu. Paşabahçe’de bulunan ve Türkiye’nin ilk modern cam fabrikası olan fabrika için İş Bankası, 1 milyon lira sermaye sağladı. 13 Ağustos 1934 tarihinde temel atma töreninin yapıldığı fabrika, Temmuz 1935 tarihinden itibaren “Türkiye Şişe ve Cam Fabrikaları A.Ş.” adı ile faaliyete geçti. Aralıklarla fabrikanın eksiklikleri tamamlanmaya çalışıldı. İkinci Dünya Savaşı, dünya genelinde olduğu gibi Türkiye sanayisinde de bir durgunluğa yol açtı. Dolayısıyla fabrikada bu durumdan etkilendi. 1955 yılından itibaren otomatik makineleşmede gelişme kaydeden fabrika, üretimde artış yaşadı. Zaman zaman yaşanan olumsuzluklara rağmen Cumhuriyet döneminin uzun ömürlü kurumlarından biri olmayı başardı.1990’ların sonlarında 100 milyonluk sermayeli bir kuruluş haline geldi. Buna rağmen çalışmamızın ana temasını oluşturan, Paşabahçe’deki merkez binasında işler yolunda gitmeyince 2002 yılında üretim durduruldu.
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BOŞÇAN, Liliana. "Under the Blue Sky: The Signing of the Romanian-Turkish Airlines Convention for the Realization of Regular Flights Between Bucharest and Istanbul (June 3, 1939)." In 10. Uluslararası Atatürk Kongresi, 1333–54. Ankara: Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi Yayınları, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.51824/978-975-17-6043-2.14.
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After the First World War we witness an unprecedented development of aircraft. In this "Golden Age of Aviation" a reconversion of ex-military pilots takes place and thus commercial and postal aviation develops. First of all, in this context, we will analyse in this study the Romanian flights that flew over the Turkish airspace on their way to Africa or the Middle East (1924-1939). In the logbooks of the Romanian aviators we find important information about the discussions with the Turkish aviators in Eskişehir or presentations of Turkish airfields (Yesilköy, Eskşehir and Adana). On the other hand, Turkish aviators flew over Romanian airspace with a stop in Bucharest (May 1931). They also participated in the Conference of the International Aeronautical Federation (June 1931, Bucharest). Secondly, we will present the visit of the squadron of Turkish military aviators to Bucharest (May 1934). Romanian military aviators returned this visit and a squadron with 7 planes arrived in Ankara. They were received by Atatürk who gave each of them a golden watch with his signature (May 1935). Thirdly, we will emphasize in this study the activity of three exceptional female pilots who flew in Türkiye or Romania: Smaranda Brăescu (Istanbul, 1933), Sabiha Gökçen (Bucharest, 1939) and Irina Burnaia (Ankara, 1939). Fourthly, we will present the negotiations between Prince G. Bibescu and Celâl Bayar in order to open the first airline between Bucharest and Istanbul. Thus, the Romanian-Turkish Air Convention was signed on June 3, 1939. LARES made its first flight on June 5, 1939 at 8:00 a.m. from Yeșilköy/Istanbul and arrived at Băneasa Airport/Bucharest at 10:30 a.m. The paper is based on unpublished documents found in the Archive of the Ministry of Romanian Foreign Affairs (fund Turkey, Ankara and Istanbul, special volumes concerning conventions). All documents will be correlated with information found in the National Archives of Romania, Romanian and Turkish press, as well as on memories of Romanian pilots.
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YILMAZ, Duygu. "Cumhuriyet Dönemi Sosyal Politikalarının İstihdam Meselesi Üzerinden Değerlendirilmesi (1923-1933)." In 10. Uluslararası Atatürk Kongresi, 503–37. Ankara: Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi Yayınları, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.51824/978-975-17-6042-5.18.
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19. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında yaşanan Sanayi Devrimi ile devletler, toplumsal refahı sağlamak üzere birtakım prensipler benimsemişlerdir. Sosyal Politika olarak anılan bu prensipler sağlık, barınma, sosyal güvenlik, istihdam ve sosyal hizmetler gibi alanlara yöneliktir. 19. yüzyıldan bugüne, toplumsal dengeyi bozabilecek ekonomik ve sosyal riskleri ortadan kaldırmak üzere yürütülen çalışmalar, ulusal ekonomiye ritim kattığı gibi işgücü piyasasını da ulusal menfaatler doğrultusunda düzenlemiştir. Türkiye’de ise Cumhuriyet Dönemi’nden itibaren yürütülen istihdam politikaları, işsizliğin neden olduğu sosyal dengesizliğe çözüm üretmeyi amaçlamış, çalışma hayatına dahil edilen işçiler ekonomik kalkınma sürecini hızlandırmıştır. İstihdam politikalarının iki önemli bileşeni işsizliğe çözüm üretme ve işgücü piyasasını düzenleme, Millî Mücadele’yle inşa edilen ulus-devlet modelinin ekonomik boyutunu güçlendirmiştir. 1923-1929 yılları arasında nüfusunun neredeyse üçte ikisini tarım kesiminde istihdam eden Türkiye, planlı kalkınma dönemine geçildiği 1930’lu yıllarda sanayi sektöründe işçi istihdam sayısını artırmıştır. Bu dönemde istihdam politikaları, nitelikli işgücü yetiştirmek üzere mesleki eğitimini de kapsamış böylelikle Türkiye’nin sosyal politikaları olgunlaşmıştır. Bu çalışmada, Cumhuriyet Dönemi sosyal politikalarının önemli ayaklarından olan istihdam meselesi ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca yabancı işçi istihdamı, nitelikli işçi yetiştirme, iş bulma hizmetlerinin teşkilatlanması örnekler üzerinden değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma tarihsel yöntem çerçevesinde gerçekleştirilmiş, veriler doküman incelemesi yoluyla elde edilmiştir. İnceleme neticesinde, 1923 yılından itibaren yürütülen sosyal politikaların Türkiye üzerindeki sosyal ve ekonomik etkileri ortaya konmuştur.
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TUZAK, Mervenur. "Atatürk Dönemi Dış Politikasını Etkileyen Sorunlardan Lozan Boğazlar Sözleşmesi ve Montreux (Montrö) Boğazlar Sözleşmesine Gidilen Süreç." In 10. Uluslararası Atatürk Kongresi, 1591–610. Ankara: Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi Yayınları, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.51824/978-975-17-6043-2.27.
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Türk Boğazlarından geçiş rejimiyle ilgili tarihsel süreçte birçok siyasi ve hukuki süreç yaşanmıştır. Büyük devletlerin Boğazlara yönelik istekleri her zaman varlığını hissettirmiştir. Osmanlı Devleti’nin İstanbul’un fethi sonrasında Boğazlara yönelik hâkimiyeti 19. yüzyılın başlarına değin devam etmiştir. İkili ve çok taraflı antlaşmalarla Boğazlardaki Türk hâkimiyeti devam ettirilmeye çalışılmış ancak Mondros Antlaşması’nın imzalanmasıyla birlikte Boğazlar işgale uğramıştır. 1923 Lozan Sulh Muahedenamesi’ne ilaveten imza edilen Lozan Boğazlar Sözleşmesi’yle Boğazlara geçiş serbestliği ve Boğazlar Komisyonu getirilmiştir. 1930 sonrasında dünyada gelişen yayılmacı politikalar neticesinde Lozan Boğazlar Sözleşmesi’nin Türk Boğazlarının güvenliğini tehditten korumadığı endişesi ortaya çıkmıştır. Çünkü I. Dünya Savaşı ardından galip devletlerin yenilen taraftaki devletlere imzalattıkları anlaşmalar neticesinde güven problemi yaşanan birçok durum meydana gelmiştir. Bu durumdan etkilenen Türkiye de bu endişelerini 23 Mayıs 1933 tarihinde Londra’daki silahsızlanma konferansında dile getirmiştir. Türkiye’nin Milletler Cemiyeti’nde dile getirdiği güvenlik endişesi ve çabaları neticesinde 1936’da Montrö Boğazlar Sözleşmesi imzalanmış ve Türkiye’nin egemenlik haklarına zarar veren ve güvenlik endişesi yaratan kısıtlamalardan kurtulmuştur. Bu çalışmada Lozan Boğazlar Sözleşmesi’yle birlikte Atatürk Dönemi dış politikasında meydana gelen egemenlik haklarından mahrumiyetin ve güvenlik endişesinin yarattığı sürecin anlatılması amaçlanmıştır.
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(Roy) Bash, L. A. "Robert J. Kuhn’s -0.850 V, CSE, Cathodic Protection Criterion for Buried Coated Steel Pipelines is Scientifically Sound." In CORROSION 2006, 1–14. NACE International, 2006. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2006-06086.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The -0.850 volt copper sulfate electrode (CSE), cathodic protection(CP) criterion for typical buried coated steel pipelines was determined by Robert J. Kuhn during his employment at New Orleans Public Service, Inc. from 1913 to 1933, 1,2 the year he published it in Reference #2 and as A. W. Peabody 3 notes in his book, “Control of Pipeline Corrosion” on Page 35, “Experience has proved the adequacy of this criterion for practical use”. Kuhn’s “Contributions to the early understanding of the application of CP were so notable that a medal was struck in Germany in 1970 to commemorate him as the Father of CP.”4 “Indeed it would be easy to conclude that Kuhn’s postulation in 1933 that the protective potential is probably in the neighborhood of -0.850 V is as accurate today as it was then and furthermore, may not change substantially over the next sixty (60) years in terms of its practical application.” 4 This article offers information confirming that the criterion is scientifically sound.
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GÖKTÜRK ÇETİNKAYA, Selma. "Atatürk Döneminde Çocuk Suçluluğunu Önlemeye Yönelik Bir Girişim: Çocukları Kurtarma Yurdu." In 10. Uluslararası Atatürk Kongresi, 2363–91. Ankara: Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi Yayınları, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.51824/978-975-17-6044-9.32.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Ailelerinin ekonomik düzeylerinin yetersizliğinden dolayı sefalet içinde olan çocukları yahut kimsesiz durumdakileri, ilaveten suç işlemiş veya işlemeye yönelmiş/yönlendirilmiş olup toplumun gözünde “serseri” şeklinde lanse edilen çocukları ülke için yararlı hale getirebilmek adına tarihte birçok politika üretilmiştir. Uzun süren savaşların ardından toplumsal sorunlarla mücadele edilen yeni dönem içinde Türkiye’de de benzer oluşumları görebilmek mümkündür. Savaş sürecinde ailesini yitiren, yoksulluk nedeniyle küçük yaşta çalışmak zorunda bırakılan, dilencilik ve hırsızlık yapan, çeşitli baskılar nedeniyle evden uzaklaşan çocukların topluma kazandırılabilmesi adına verilen mücadeleler dikkat çekmektedir. Bir yandan “gürbüz çocuk” sayısı çoğaltılarak sağlıklı nesiller ortaya çıkartılmak istenirken öte taraftan “sokak çocukları” şeklinde kavramlaşan kesim özelinde de sağlığını yitiren çocukların kurtarılmasına çalışılmıştır. Cezalandırma mekanizmasından ziyade bu çocukları topluma kazandırabilmek, eğitebilmek, psikolojilerini iyileştirebilmek için uygulanan ve genel manada devletin ön ayak olduğu böylesi faaliyetler içinde şahsi girişimlerle vücuda getirilmiş oluşumlar da söz konusudur. Bunlardan birisi 1933’te Kazım Zafir Bey tarafından düşünülüp İstanbul Valiliği ve Belediyesi bünyesinde, Galata’da uygulamaya geçirilen Çocukları Kurtarma Yurdu’dur. Mustafa Kemal Atatürk’ün yol göstericiliğinde, İstanbul Valisi ve Belediye Başkanı Muhiddin Üstündağ’ın desteğiyle faaliyete geçen Çocukları Kurtarma Yurdu, kurucusu ve müdürü Kazım Zafir Bey’in öncülüğünde “öteki” çocukları topluma kazandırmayı amaçlamıştır. Ayrıca asayişin sağlanması yönüyle de büyük katkısı olan kurumun, bahsi geçen çocukların fiziksel ve ruhsal sağlıklarıyla ilgilenmede ve eğitilmelerinde yoğun çaba sarf ettiği görülmektedir. Psikolojik ve fiziksel kazanımlar içeren aktiviteleriyle ses getiren Çocukları Kurtarma Yurdu’nun işleyişi 1939 itibariyle değişikliğe uğramıştır. Hazırlanan çalışma, yurdun 1933-1939 arasındaki sürecini kapsamaktadır.
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ÇAKIR KALEM, Demet. "Atatürk Gençleri Kurumu: 1937." In 10. Uluslararası Atatürk Kongresi, 329–49. Ankara: Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi Yayınları, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.51824/978-975-17-6042-5.12.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Meşrutiyet döneminde esen “hürriyet” rüzgârının etkisiyle, Avrupa’daki gençlik teşkilatlarından esinlenilerek 1913’te “Türk Gücü Cemiyeti”, 1914’te “Osmanlı Güç Derneği”, 1916’da ise “Osmanlı Genç Derneği” kurulmuştur. Cumhuriyet’in ilanını takip eden günlerde Başbakan İsmet (İnönü) Bey’in talimatıyla benzer teşkilatların kuruluşunun tekrar gündeme geldiği görülmektedir. Bu dönemde “Genç Dernekleri”, “Bozkurt Genç Dernekleri”, “İnkılâp Gençleri Dernekleri” adları ile anılan bu teşkilatlar başlarda Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı ile Genelkurmay Başkanlığı arasında yetki karmaşası, daha sonra da bütün dünyayı etkileyen iktisadî buhranın (1929) engeline takılmıştır. Bu dönemin akabinde bir gençlik teşkilatının kurulmak istenmesi, kıta Avrupa’sında uygulanan benzer örneklerinin ardından Alman Spor Bilimci Carl Diem’in 1933 yılında Türkiye’ye çağrılmasından bağımsız değildir. Carl Diem’in Türk spor yöneticileri ile görüşmesi sonucunda amaçlarının savaş hazırlığı olduğunu anlaması üzerine hazırladığı raporda Almanya’daki Jugend (Gençlik) örgütü benzeri bir örgüte yer vermiştir: Gazi Gençliği. Beden terbiyesi ve spor alanında yaşanan bu hareketlilik, hem devlet hem de spor adına tam bir dönüm noktası olan Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi’nin 1935 yılındaki Kurultayına da yansımıştı. Parti, devletin pek çok fonksiyonunu resmen üzerine aldığını ilan ederken, spor sosyal hayatın en görünür kategorisi olarak bu gelişmeden en çok etkilenen alan olmuş ve bunun sonucu olarak 1936 yılında “Türk Spor Kurumu” (TSK) kurulmuştur. Böylece kısmen özerk spor kulüpleri temsilcilerinin yönettiği Türkiye İdman Cemiyetleri İttifakı’nın (TİCİ) yerini doğrudan Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi’nin denetiminde olan TSK almıştır. TSK dönemine kadar üzerinde çok konuşulan ancak kurulamayan bu teşkilat 1937 yılında tekrar gün yüzüne çıkacak; ancak bu kez adı “Atatürk Gençleri Kurumu” olacaktı. Parti himayesindeki TSK dönemi içerisinde oluşturulmak istenen Atatürk Gençleri Kurumu, yaklaşan savaşa karşı toplumun fikren ve bedenen hazırlıklı olması amacıyla kurulan gençlik örgütlerinin bir benzeri olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Henüz askerlik çağına gelmemiş bireyleri ülkeye faydalı hâle getirecek bir düzeye eriştirmek amacıyla kurulması planlanan bu teşkilatlanmanın hayata geçmediği, buna atfedilmesi planlanan görev ve sorumlulukların da TSK’nın devamı olan Beden Terbiyesi Genel Müdürlüğü’nün (BTGM) bünyesinde toplandığı görülmektedir. Bugüne kadar Türk Spor Tarihi açısından önem arz eden “Atatürk Gençleri Kurumu” hakkında başlı başına bir çalışma yapılmamıştır. Bu çalışmada, Atatürk Dönemi spor politikalarının bir sonucu olarak ortaya çıkan ancak çeşitli sebeplerle uygulamaya geçemeyen Atatürk Gençleri Kurumu’nun öncesi ve sonrası analiz edilmeye çalışılacaktır.
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Rohrwild, Karlheinz. "Werner Brügel, Editor of "Men of the Rocket", 1933 - A Forbidden Space Career." In 58th IAA History of Astronautics Symposium, Held at the 75th International Astronautical Congress (IAC 2024), 33–47. Paris, France: International Astronautical Federation (IAF), 2024. https://doi.org/10.52202/078381-0003.
Повний текст джерела
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Альбицкий, В. Ю., and С. А. Шер. "SOVIET SYSTEM OF CHILD HEALTH CARE IN 30S YEARS: ACHIEVEMENTS AND PROBLEMS." In OPERA MEDICA HISTORICA. ТРУДЫ ПО ИСТОРИИ МЕДИЦИНЫ. Альманах, 119–26. Crossref, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35113/2578.2022.29.93.017.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
В статье анализируются особенности государственной системы охраны здоровья детей в СССР в 1930–1940 гг., развитие которой происходило в условиях общеизвестных исторических коллизий сталинской эпохи (индустриализация, коллективизация и связанная с ними громадная миграция населения в города, тяжелые условия проживания, голод 1932–1933 гг., репрессии 1937–1938 гг., начало Второй мировой войны). Несмотря на неблагоприятные обстоятельства, в 30-е гг. прошлого столетия в Советской России создается система лечебно-профилактической помощи детскому населению, по своей организационной структуре, темпам развития имевшая несомненное значение для снижения детской заболеваемости и смертности, совершенствуется подготовка кадров детских врачей. The article analyzes the features of the state system for children health care in the USSR in 1930-1940, the development of which took place in the conditions of the well-known historical conflicts of the Stalin era (industrialization, collectivization, and the huge migration of the population to the cities, difficult living conditions, famine 1932- 1933, repressions 1937-1938, the beginning of World War II). Despite unfavorable circumstances, in the 1930s of the last century, a system of medical and preventive care to the child population was being created in Soviet Russia, according to its organizational structure, the pace of development was of undeniable importance to reduce child morbidity and mortality and continue education for children’s doctors was being improved.
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Badmaeva, Ekaterina Nikolaevna. "Famine In Kalmykia (1932-1933)." In International Scientific Congress «KNOWLEDGE, MAN AND CIVILIZATION». European Publisher, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2021.05.15.
Повний текст джерелаЗвіти організацій з теми "1933-"
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Heikki, Nevanlinna. Petsamon magneettinen observatorio polaarivuonna 1932-1933: Varhaisia meteorologisia kokeita suomalaisella radioluotaimella. Finnish Meteorological Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35614/isbn.9789523361652.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Tämä tutkimus käsittelee kansainvälisen polaarivuoden 1932–1933 aikana toimineen Petsamon magneettisen observatorion havaintotuloksia. Mukana on lyhyt katsaus polaarivuoden aikana ja sen jälkeen uudella suomalaisella meteorologisella radiosondilla tehdyistä kokeista 1930-luvun lopulla. Näitä kahta aihepiiriä yhdistää FM Mauri Tommila (1905–1971), joka toimi Petsamon observatorion johtajana ja joka sen jälkeen osallistui merkittävällä panoksella yhdessä Vilho Väisälän kanssa radiosondin kehittelyyn 1934–1939. Sondi valmistui operatiivisen sääpalvelun käyttöön vuonna 1936. Väisälän sondia testattiin vuosina 1937 ja 1939 Huippuvuorilla ja Atlantilla. Molemmissa retkikunnissa Tommila oli mukana. Petsamon observatorio oli yksi Suomen geofysikaalisen tiedeyhteisön kontribuutioista polaarivuoden tutkimus- ja havainto-ohjelmiin. Sen päätehtävä oli rekisteröidä maan magneettikentän vaihteluja jatkuvasti toimivilla laitteilla ajan havaintokäytäntöjen mukaisesti. Päävastuu observatorion toiminnoista oli Suomalaisella Tiedeakatemialla ja sen Sodankylän observatoriolla. Tarvittavat rekisteröintilaitteet oli hankittu Tanskan meteorologiselta laitokselta ja ne edustivat aikansa mittausteknologista huippua. Observatorio oli myös Ilmatieteen laitoksen tärkeä havainto- ja koeasema polaarivuoden ohjelmassa. Polaarivuoden havainto-ohjelman ja laiterakennuksien suunnittelun olivat tehneet Sodankylän magneettisen observatorion johtaja Eyvind Sucksdorff (1899–1955) ja Ilmatieteen laitoksen johtaja Jaakko Keränen (1883–1979). Keränen oli Sodankylän magneettisen observatorion ensimmäinen johtaja 1913–1917 (Nevanlinna, 2014). Petsamon observatorio sijaitsi lähellä Pohjoisen jäämeren rannikkoa Petsamojoen suistossa. Petsamo on nykyään Venäjän hallinnoimaa aluetta. Petsamon magneettinen observatorio oli toiminnassa 13 kuukautta 1.8.1932–31.8.1933 välisen ajan. Rekisteröintitulokset tieteelliseen käyttöön muodostuivat alan käytännön mukaisista magneettikentän eri komponenttien tuntikeskiarvoista. Mauri Tommila julkaisi tulokset taulukkojen muodossa yhdessä tarvittavien metadatatietojen kanssa kansainväliseen tutkimuskäyttöön (Tommila, 1937a). Tässä julkaisussa on yhteenveto tehdyistä magneettikentän mittauksista. Vertailu Sodankylässä tehtyihin samanaikaisiin rekisteröintituloksiin osoittavat, että Petsamon observatorion rekisteröintitulokset ovat olleet korkeatasoisia ja että julkaistu aineisto on tieteellisiin analyyseihin käyttökelpoista. Kaikki Suomen vanhat historialliset magneettiset rekisteröintiaineistot ovat nyt digitoitu Petsamon aineiston valmistuttua. Vanhin niistä on Helsingin magneettisen observatorion havainnot 1844–1910. Petsamon observatorioon rinnastuu Sodankylän magneettiseen ja meteorologiseen observatorioon polaarivuodelta 1882– 1883. Myös sen magneettiset ja meteorologiset havainnot uudelleen julkaisu ja digitoitu (Nevanlinna, 2017a).
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Іваненко, Валентин, та Наталя Радомирівна Романець. Опір селян насильницькій колективізації та голодомору. Дніпропетровщина. КДПУ, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/5686.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
У книзі з’ясовано причини, перебіг і наслідки селянського руху опору на Дніпропетровщині в умовах колективізації кінця 1920-х - початку 30-х рр. та Голодомору-Геноциду 1932-1933 рр. Простежена реакція селянства на страхітливі більшовицькі перетворення в українському селі, розглянуто форми опору, гасла, вплив на політику влад, описано Павлоградське повстання 1930 р., яке стало найпотужнішим виявом селянського спротиву на Дніпропетровщині.
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Романець, Наталя Радомирівна. Допомога голодуючим у період Голодомору 1932-1933 рр.: міфи і реальність. КДПУ, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4171.
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Романець, Наталя Радомирівна. Репресивні акції в контексті сільськогосподарського переселення в Україну (1933–1934 рр.). КДПУ, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/0564/1162.
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Романець, Наталя Радомирівна, та Валентин Іваненко. Голодомор 1932-1933 років на Дніпропетровщині та Запоріжчині. КДПУ, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/5621.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
У книзі на підставі переважно маловідомих архівних документів, а також спогадів очевидців висвітлюються причини й трагічний перебіг Голодомору-Геноцпду 1932–1933 рр. на Дніпропетровщині та Запоріжчині. Тогочасна Дніпропетровська область була одним із тих регіонів, де голод лютував особливо жорстоко. Зроблена спроба виявити й узагальнити причини, масштаби та специфічні особливості голодного лихоліття на теренах Дніпропетровської області. Для всіх, хто не пережив, але принаймні відчув душевно трагічний подих нашої відносно недавньої минувшини.
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Романець, Наталя Радомирівна. Режим "чорних дошок" у Дніпропетровській області. КДПУ, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/6946.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Мета дослідження полягає у висвітленні «чорнодощечного» режиму, запровадженого у Дніпропетровській області під час хлібозаготівельної кампанії 1932/1933 р.: масштабів, застосованих репресивних заходів, пропагандистських акцій, їхнього впливу на виконання хлібозаготівлі та наслідків.
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Романець, Наталя Радомирівна. Репресивна політика радянської влади в українському селі у 1933–1936 рр. Інститут історії України НАН України, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4169.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Серед розмаїття трагічних сюжетів історії України радянської доби особливе місце займає тема репресій і їх ролі у здійсненні політики суцільної колективізації. Активне дослідження даної проблематики почалося на пост-радянському просторі лише наприкінці 80-х рр. XX ст., завдяки відкриттю секретних фондів архівів. Проте поза увагою істориків фактично залишився так званий «постголодоморний період», до дослідження якого науковці долучилися порівняно недавно, що засвідчують роботи В. Марочка, Ю. Мошкова, І. Зеленіна. Тому у пропонованій статті, автор ставить за мету визначити і проаналізувати основні напрями репресивної політики радянської влади в українському селі у період 1933–1936 рр.
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Jacobson, Margaret, Eric Leeper, and Bruce Preston. Recovery of 1933. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w25629.
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Романець, Наталя Радомирівна. Санітарно-епідеміологічна ситуація на Дніпропетровщині в умовах Голодомору 1932–1933 рр. КДПУ, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/5027.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
У статті висвітлено санітарно-епідеміологічну ситуацію в Дніпропетровській області в умовах Голодомору 1932–1933 рр. Показано, що дестабілізація соціально-економічних взаємин під час Голодомору зумовила значне погіршення санітарно-епідеміологічної ситуації. Через відсутність продовольства селяни почали масово вживати в їжу сурогати, що призводило до отруєнь. Наслідком тривалого голодування населення стало захворювання на пелагру – один із видів авітамінозів, який призводив до смерті. Поширилася захворюваність на сап серед людей, оскільки селяни почали вживати в їжу м’ясо дохлих сапних коней. В Дніпропетровській області спостерігалося розповсюдження інфекційних захворювань: висипного та черевного тифу, малярії. Спалаху епідемій сприяли концентрація в промислових центрах та на залізницях великої кількості селян-втікачів, безпритульних, жебраків, осиротілих дітей, а також порушення санітарних норм в дитячих будинках, медичних установах, робітничих гуртожитках, на ринках, у місцях позбавлення волі.
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Pryt, Karina. Polish-German film relations in the process of building German cultural hegemony in Europe 1933-1939. Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/gups.70888.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article presents Polish-German film relations in the framework of Nazis cultural diplomacy between 1933 and 1939. The Nazi effort to create a cultural hegemony through the unification of the European film market under German leadership serves as an important point of reference. On the example of the Polish-German relationship, the article analyses the Nazi “soft power” in terms of both its strength and limits. Describing the broader geopolitical context, the article proposes a new trail in the research on both the film milieus and the cinema culture in Poland in the 1930s. In mythological terms, it belongs to cultural diplomacy and adds simultaneously to film history and New Cinema History.