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Статті в журналах з теми "Zones de rejet végétalisées":
Boutin, Catherine, and Stéphanie Prost-Boucle. "Les zones de rejet végétalisées." Sciences Eaux & Territoires Numéro 9, no. 4 (2012): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/set.009.0004.
Blin, E., J. Schuehmacher, E. Paoletti, and J. Jordi. "Mesures d’efficacité des zones de rejet végétalisées : méthodes et résultats." Techniques Sciences Méthodes, no. 7/8 (2014): 52–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/tsm/201407052.
Penru, Y., T. Polard, M. Amalric, C. Cirelli, M. Bacchi, M. Lafforgue, J. Schuehmacher, et al. "L’ingénierie écologique appliquée aux zones de rejet végétalisées : élimination de micropolluants, biodiversité et intégration socio-territoriale." Techniques Sciences Méthodes, no. 12 (December 2017): 157–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/tsm/2017120157.
MAURICE, Nicolas, Pauline LOUIS, Cécile POCHET, Christophe POINTUD, Nouceiba ADOUANI, Davide VIGNATI, and Marie-Noëlle PONS. "Le projet Azhurev ou la mise en oeuvre d’une grande zone de rejet végétalisée en aval de la station d’épuration du Grand Reims." Techniques Sciences Méthodes 10, no. 10 (October 20, 2023): 73–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.36904/tsm/202310073.
Mathon, B., M. Coquery, C. Miège, and J. M. Choubert. "Rôle de la photodégradation dans l’élimination des micropolluants organiques au sein d’une zone de rejet végétalisée de type bassin." Techniques Sciences Méthodes, no. 12 (December 2017): 127–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/tsm/2017120127.
Nuel, Maximilien, Julien Laurent, Paul Bois, Dimitri Heintz, and Adrien Wanko. "Identification et quantification de 81 résidus médicamenteux au sein d'une zone de rejet végétalisée : rétention différenciée des compartiments eau-sol-plantes." Revue des sciences de l’eau 30, no. 1 (June 8, 2017): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1040063ar.
Bouhallaoui, Mina, Ali Benhra, Bouchra El Haimeur, Françoise Quiniou, and Mohammed Blaghen. "Utilisation du développement embryolarvaire de l’huitre creuse crassostrea gigas comme outil de diagnostic de la toxicité de substances pures et de mélanges complexes." Revue des sciences de l’eau 30, no. 3 (March 28, 2018): 171–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1044245ar.
Gagnon, Christian, and Patrice Turcotte. "Rôle des colloïdes dans la spéciation physique des métaux dans un panache majeur de dispersion d’eaux usées municipales." Revue des sciences de l'eau 20, no. 3 (August 7, 2007): 275–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/016172ar.
Pagotto, C., L. Sergent, J. Serre, and B. David. "Les zones de rejet intermédiaires en assainissement : observations de terrain et comportement des polluants au sein de ces zones." Techniques Sciences Méthodes, no. 7/8 (2014): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/tsm/201407043.
Hassani, Nassima, and Gilles Drogue. "Mesure et spatialisation de l’îlot de chaleur urbain dans l’aire urbaine de Metz Métropole : premiers résultats de la campagne de mesure 2019." Climatologie 17 (2020): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/climat/202017008.
Дисертації з теми "Zones de rejet végétalisées":
Maurice, Nicolas. "Les zones de rejet végétalisées de grande taille : observation et modélisation." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. https://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/DDOC_T_2022_0091_MAURICE.pdf.
Despite regulations, the anthropic pollution (nitrogen, phosphorus, trace elements (TE), pharmaceuticals, faecal coliforms, etc.) related to urban wastewater (wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) and urban stormwater runoff (USR)) is not negligible because it weakens aquatic ecosystems and it can be harmful for human health. In order to minimize its impact, the amount of pollutants must be reduced. Wetlands are wonders of nature and are often describe as Earth's kidney due to their capacity to filter pollutants, so they would be interesting candidates. Unfortunately, they have been in decline for several centuries (13 % of 17th century wetlands still remain at the beginning of the 21th century. This is why in 2011 the AZHUREV project (Aménagement d'une Zone Humide à Reims pour l'Épuration et le Vivant) was born. This project allowed the implementation of a large scale (6 ha) surface-flow constructed wetland (CW) (first water supply in 2017) at the outlet of the Grand Reims WWTP (capacity of 450,000 population equivalents). It is composed of three basins of 2 ha fed in parallel, by part of the effluents of the WWTP (10%), or by the USR (25 %) during rainy events, to improve the quality of these waters before their discharge into the environment. Initially these basins were different because of the quantity and type of emergent vegetation planted (Phragmites australis, Glyceria maxima, Scirpus lacustris). Today, there is no more difference because the proportion of planted plants has drastically decreased, P. australis being the only species still present, to the benefit of opportunistic species (submerged or floating). These basins were able to reduce the concentration of many compounds through various processes, oxidation/reduction (nitrogen, TE), precipitation/coprecipitation with carbonates and hydrogen sulphide (TE), biodegradation or photodegradation (pharmaceuticals, faecal coliforms), adsorption to sediments (TE and pharmaceuticals), or uptake by plants (nitrogen and phosphorus). Bacteria and aquatic plants are responsible for most of these mechanisms. Thus, the basins are better able to remove pollutants in summer due to the higher temperatures and longer days. Bacterial activity has a direct effect on pollutants and the bacterial genera found at the outlet of the CW take part in the nitrogen, sulphur and carbon cycles. Whereas the effect of plants is more indirect by promoting bacterial development (source of carbon and energy, support for the biofilm) and by bringing organic matter (adsorption site for pollutants) into the sediment during senescence. These plants are also a source of food (submerged or floating plants), a habitat and/or nesting area (emergent plants) for many wild animals, whether they are considered "harmful" (muskrat or coypu) or not (swan, coot, duck, grebe, frog, dragonfly, damselfly, gammarid, snail, etc.). Therefore, this CW offers two advantages: it improves the quality of urban water before it is discharged into the receiving environment and it provides food and shelter for many animal species that depend on this type of environment. The interconnection of the multiple variables measured has been transcribed into a conceptual model. These results are encouraging for a possible extension of the CW
Nuel, Maximilien. "Devenir des résidus médicamenteux et de leur métabolites au sein des Zones de Rejet Végétalisées (ZRV)." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAD022/document.
Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTP) are considered as one of the most important pharmaceutical compound discharges into the environment. Since 2009, French Water Agencies, promote Surface Flow Treatment Wetlands (SFTWs) at the outlet of WWTPs, between the WWTP and the receiving aquatic environment but their removal efficiencies are not well investigated. To overcome these lacks of knowledge, pollutant removal efficiencies of 2 WWTP and their SFTW were monitoring during 2 years. ln regard to pharmaceutical compounds (86), SFTW removal efficiency rates ranged from 30 to 70% with maximum values in summer and minimum values in winter. The SFTW removal efficiency contributions to WWTP were inferior to 30%. ln addition, SFTW inflow reductions were correlated with an increase of drug compound concentrations in the outflow. Furthermore, there was a specific absorption of these micro pollutants by plants whereas there were dynamic interactions between sampled mud and drugs residues with an adsorption during summer and a release during winter
Nuel, Maximilien. "Devenir des résidus médicamenteux et de leur métabolites au sein des Zones de Rejet Végétalisées (ZRV)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAD022.
Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTP) are considered as one of the most important pharmaceutical compound discharges into the environment. Since 2009, French Water Agencies, promote Surface Flow Treatment Wetlands (SFTWs) at the outlet of WWTPs, between the WWTP and the receiving aquatic environment but their removal efficiencies are not well investigated. To overcome these lacks of knowledge, pollutant removal efficiencies of 2 WWTP and their SFTW were monitoring during 2 years. ln regard to pharmaceutical compounds (86), SFTW removal efficiency rates ranged from 30 to 70% with maximum values in summer and minimum values in winter. The SFTW removal efficiency contributions to WWTP were inferior to 30%. ln addition, SFTW inflow reductions were correlated with an increase of drug compound concentrations in the outflow. Furthermore, there was a specific absorption of these micro pollutants by plants whereas there were dynamic interactions between sampled mud and drugs residues with an adsorption during summer and a release during winter
Zhang, Yuhai. "Épuration naturelle : de la rivière à la zone humide de rejet." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0302/document.
The present PhD work was carried out within the project EPEC (Epuration en Eau Courante) funded by an ANR program, ECOTECH, in order to meet the requirements of Water Framework Directive for small streams, in particular in rural areas where domestic wastewater could be directly discharged by reason of lack of sewerage network and contribute to water quality degradation. Two study directions have been taken: i) the first aimed to study natural purification in stream systems and find out the way to improve water quality, and 2) the second concerned the reduction of the impact of wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) discharge to receiving water bodies by installation of a free-surface constructed wetland between them. Three study scales were investigated within two rural streams of Lorraine, Brénon and St-Oger. At stream scale, characterization of water quality along its course allowed us to distinguish some segments where occurred naturel purification processes. The second study scale was on relevant stream sections presenting interesting hydromorphologic features. These sections were located at the downstream of urban areas and present a succession of rectified and naturel segments. The response of naturel sections to domestic pollutants was different for the two streams. The Brénon section length of about 6 km was efficient for organic matter, ammonium nitrogen and nitrates removal. Concerning the St-Oger stream, the pollutants were less influenced in the natural section long of only 0.5 km. The last study scale focused on the hyporheic zone where system function depends on hydromorphologic features of the stream, composition of streambed, especially its porosity, and hydrologic conditions which depends on climate. According to analysis on hyporheic waters sampled at -30 and -50 cm for Brénon and -20 and -30 cm for St-Oger, four functional zones were distinguished in relation with dissolved oxygen availability and possible water exchange between hyporheic zone and surface water: (1) aerobic zones at high hyporheic exchange showing contribution to organic matter degradation and oxidation of ammonium nitrogen; (2) Anoxic zones with less hyporheic exchange characterized by fast dissolved oxygen depletion by aerobic microbial metabolism and reduction of nitrates; (3) Anoxic zones with low hyporheic exchange characterized by accumulation of salts in deep layers and reduction of nitrates and sulfates and (4) “closed” zones characterized by clogged spaces or very low hydraulic conductivity. These functions could be partially reproduced in laboratory within a porous bed reactor simulating an hyporheic zone. Free-surface wetlands are spaces constructed between the discharge point of the WWTP and the receiving watercourse, here small streams in rural areas, with the aim to finish the waste water treatment. The wetlands had shown high capacity to remove nitrates and phosphates in summer periods. However a production of dissolved organic carbon was noticed and results from plant decomposition (reed, duckweed, algae, etc.). Algae contributed to high oxygen production through photosynthesis in spring. This production progressively decreased with the proliferation of duckweed on the water surface. Two biological tests on sediment's potentiality for denitrification and methane production were carried out at laboratory scale in order to corroborate the field observations
Koenig, Sarah. "Rôle des zones tampon végétalisées sur les transferts d'azote et de phosphore vers les milieux aquatiques." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAH022/document.
The conservation of water quality is a major issue in the 21th century in particular with the increase in the human population. Water-treatment plants rejections represent a risk of pollution of the receiving environment, in particular in nitrogen and phosphorus, with fatal effects for the health and the environment. It is to limit this pollution that the vegetated buffer zones (VBZs), systems of infiltration, where water and nutrients retention are expected, were developed. This study has for main objective to better understand the transfers of nutrients in this type of system. The impact of the various compartments - soil, vegetation, microflora- was studied in two VBZs ditches type, situated downstream to vegetated water-treatment plants in service and in an experimental zone with controlled modalities. This study demonstrated the importance of site hydraulic, soil texture and VBZ surface in effectiveness of water and nutrients retention. The impact of microbial compartment depends largely on the hydraulic retention time bonds to VBZ surface and oxygenation rate of the effluent. Vegetation allows microbial activity improvement but its role in nutrients retention and removal is minor because of high quantities brought by effluents. The soil is the major compartment in phosphorus retention, although a rapid saturation of soil phosphorus could limit this potential. These observations demonstrate variability in the effectiveness of VBZ in water and nutrients retention. This variability could be minimized by planning and management measures. The study of nutrients transfers deserve to be further study and extended to all types of VBZ
Gaullier, Céline. "Influence de l’hydraulique sur l’efficacité des zones tampons végétalisées à réduire les teneurs en pesticides et métabolites en sortie de drains agricoles." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0318/document.
Pesticides amounts measured in agricultural drained water can reach 10 µg/L up to 395 µg/L. In Lorraine, Constructed Wetlands (CW) were set up between drained fields and the river to limit pesticide release. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of hydraulic on the mitigation of pesticides and metabolites in both dissolved and particulate phases of drained water, by discriminating associated processes. To do so, a multi-scale approach was performed by integrating both laboratory experiments, such as batch and dynamic conditions in pilots, and a plurennial monitoring of two different ZTVA (ditch and pond). In-situ tracing experiments highlighted that the volume of CW was not homogeneous, independently of the flow rate. CW are divided in two hydraulic zones: a main channel and isolated areas. Moreover, these two zones behave differently regarding pesticides mitigation. Annual mitigation efficiency in both of the CW studied, vary between (i) -1176 % and 96 % for dissolved pesticides, (ii) -20 % and 3 % for dissolved metabolites (chloroacetanilides), and from (iii) -580 % to 79 % for particulate pesticides. Adsorption on sediments allows the mitigation of dissolved pesticides whose adsorption coefficient (Koc) varied from 364 to 1424 L/g (mitigation ranging from 7 to 65 %), and occurred mainly in isolated areas. However, this process is reversible and desorption can explain negative efficiency measured on the field. Additionally, hydrophilic pesticides (Koc between 54 and 401 L/g) and metabolites (Koc between 0 and 0.77 L/g) are few or not mitigated (mitigation ranging from -20 and 8 %). Finally, pesticides entering CW under particulate phase are mitigated through sedimentation of total suspended solids, higher in isolated areas than in main channel. This process is also reversible, leading to sediments resuspension. Otherwise, inlet flow rates vary throughout the year, which could allow a variation of pesticide mitigation. Indeed, batch and pilots studies highlighted the influence of hydrodynamic (flow rate, etc) on mitigation of dissolved pesticides. CW act as a sink (adsorption and sedimentation) and a source (desorption and resuspension) towards specific dissolved or particulate pesticides and related to hydrodynamic of CW
Gaullier, Céline. "Influence de l’hydraulique sur l’efficacité des zones tampons végétalisées à réduire les teneurs en pesticides et métabolites en sortie de drains agricoles." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0318.
Pesticides amounts measured in agricultural drained water can reach 10 µg/L up to 395 µg/L. In Lorraine, Constructed Wetlands (CW) were set up between drained fields and the river to limit pesticide release. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of hydraulic on the mitigation of pesticides and metabolites in both dissolved and particulate phases of drained water, by discriminating associated processes. To do so, a multi-scale approach was performed by integrating both laboratory experiments, such as batch and dynamic conditions in pilots, and a plurennial monitoring of two different ZTVA (ditch and pond). In-situ tracing experiments highlighted that the volume of CW was not homogeneous, independently of the flow rate. CW are divided in two hydraulic zones: a main channel and isolated areas. Moreover, these two zones behave differently regarding pesticides mitigation. Annual mitigation efficiency in both of the CW studied, vary between (i) -1176 % and 96 % for dissolved pesticides, (ii) -20 % and 3 % for dissolved metabolites (chloroacetanilides), and from (iii) -580 % to 79 % for particulate pesticides. Adsorption on sediments allows the mitigation of dissolved pesticides whose adsorption coefficient (Koc) varied from 364 to 1424 L/g (mitigation ranging from 7 to 65 %), and occurred mainly in isolated areas. However, this process is reversible and desorption can explain negative efficiency measured on the field. Additionally, hydrophilic pesticides (Koc between 54 and 401 L/g) and metabolites (Koc between 0 and 0.77 L/g) are few or not mitigated (mitigation ranging from -20 and 8 %). Finally, pesticides entering CW under particulate phase are mitigated through sedimentation of total suspended solids, higher in isolated areas than in main channel. This process is also reversible, leading to sediments resuspension. Otherwise, inlet flow rates vary throughout the year, which could allow a variation of pesticide mitigation. Indeed, batch and pilots studies highlighted the influence of hydrodynamic (flow rate, etc) on mitigation of dissolved pesticides. CW act as a sink (adsorption and sedimentation) and a source (desorption and resuspension) towards specific dissolved or particulate pesticides and related to hydrodynamic of CW