Статті в журналах: "ZnO based Nanocomposites - Microstructure"

1

Gallach, D., L. Le Brizoual, N. Gautier, M. D. Ynsa, V. Torres Costa, G. Ceccone, J. P. Landesman, and M. Manso Silván. "Microstructure based optical modeling of ZnO- porous silicon permeated nanocomposites." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 48, no. 29 (June 26, 2015): 295102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/48/29/295102.

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2

Platonov, Vadim B., Marina N. Rumyantseva, Alexander S. Frolov, Alexey D. Yapryntsev, and Alexander M. Gaskov. "High-temperature resistive gas sensors based on ZnO/SiC nanocomposites." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 10 (July 26, 2019): 1537–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.10.151.

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Increasing requirements for environmental protection have led to the need for the development of control systems for exhaust gases monitored directly at high temperatures in the range of 300–800 °C. The development of high-temperature gas sensors requires the creation of new materials that are stable under these conditions. The stability of nanostructured semiconductor oxides at high temperature can be enhanced by creating composites with highly dispersed silicon carbide (SiC). In this work, ZnO and SiC nanofibers were synthesized by electrospinning of polymer solutions followed by heat treatment, which is necessary for polymer removal and crystallization of semiconductor materials. ZnO/SiC nanocomposites (15–45 mol % SiC) were obtained by mixing the components in a single homogeneous paste with subsequent thermal annealing. The composition and microstructure of the materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The electrophysical and gas sensing properties of the materials were investigated by in situ conductivity measurements in the presence of the reducing gases CO and NH3 (20 ppm), in dry conditions (relative humidity at 25 °C RH25 = 0) and in humid air (RH25 = 30%) in the temperature range 400–550 °C. The ZnO/SiC nanocomposites were characterized by a higher concentration of chemisorbed oxygen, higher activation energy of conductivity, and higher sensor response towards CO and NH3 as compared with ZnO nanofibers. The obtained experimental results were interpreted in terms of the formation of an n–n heterojunction at the ZnO/SiC interface.

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3

Sanmugam, Anandhavelu, Dhanasekaran Vikraman, Sethuraman Venkatesan, and Hui Joon Park. "Optical and Structural Properties of Solvent Free Synthesized Starch/Chitosan-ZnO Nanocomposites." Journal of Nanomaterials 2017 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7536364.

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The objective of this work is to develop an environmentally friendly method for preparation of ZnO nanocomposites. ZnO nanocomposites were prepared by three natural fibers such as coir, sawdust, and chitosan using aqueous solution of zinc chloride and sodium hydroxide. The functional groups of ZnO, C=O for polysaccharide, and N-H bending vibration of amine were confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. A new high intensity absorption band has been observed at 424 cm−1 which corresponds to the E2 mode of hexagonal ZnO. The crystallinity and phase formation of coir, chitosan, and sawdust combined ZnO nanocomposites were confirmed by X-ray diffraction patterns. XRD patterns revealed the polycrystalline nature of ZnO composites belonging to the hexagonal phase with (101) preferential lattice orientation. The microstructural parameters were calculated for coir, chitosan, and saw wood combined ZnO composites. Also texture coefficients were estimated for all the diffraction lines of ZnO based nanocomposites. SEM and TEM analyses confirmed evenly distributed nanosized grains in the ZnO composites. The UV-Vis absorption spectra were observed where the blue shift absorption peak was at 334 nm. The optical band gap values were estimated in the range of 3.18–3.26 eV. The emission peak was observed at ~388 nm and ~463 nm by photoluminescence spectroscopy.

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4

Chabri, Sumit, Arnab Dhara, Bibhutibhushan Show, Deepanjana Adak, Arijit Sinha, and Nillohit Mukherjee. "Mesoporous CuO–ZnO p–n heterojunction based nanocomposites with high specific surface area for enhanced photocatalysis and electrochemical sensing." Catalysis Science & Technology 6, no. 9 (2016): 3238–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cy01573a.

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Mesoporous and core–shell like (p)CuO–(n)ZnO nanocomposites were prepared using microstructural refinement and solid state reactions, which showed enhanced photochemical and electrochemical performances.

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5

Pervaiz, S., N. Kanwal, A. Shahzad, M. Saleem, and I. A. Khan. "Thermal and Dielectric Behaviour of Polymer-Based Nanocomposites Flexible Sheets as Highly Stable Dielectric Materials." International Journal of Polymer Science 2023 (January 5, 2023): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/3892823.

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The silica zinc oxide nanoparticles filled poly-vinylidene-fluoride (PVDF)-based nanocomposite flexible sheets (NC FSs) are synthesized by co-precipitation method. The X-ray diffraction patterns reveal the development of various diffraction planes related to zinc oxide (ZnO) and SiO2 phases. The crystallinity of ZnO phase is decreased with increasing weight percent (wt.%) of silica nanofillers (NFs). The scanning electron microscope microstructure of synthesized PVDF-based NCs FSs is changed with increasing wt.% of silica NFs. The energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analyses confirm the presence of different elements and the formation of chemical bonding between them. In high temperature region, the weight-loss of synthesized PVDF-based NCs FSs is decreased from 89.90% to 49.26% with increasing wt.% of silica NFs. The values of dielectric permittivity, loss-factor, impedance, and AC-conductivity of PVDF-based NC FSs synthesized for maximum amount of silica NFs are found to be 13.7, 0.03, 0.16 MΩ, and 19.9 × 10 − 6 S/m, respectively. Results show that the synthesized PVDF-based NC FSs are the potential candidates of light emitting diodes and energy storage devices.

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6

Albiter, Elim, Aura S. Merlano, Elizabeth Rojas, José M. Barrera-Andrade, Ángel Salazar, and Miguel A. Valenzuela. "Synthesis, Characterization, and Photocatalytic Performance of ZnO–Graphene Nanocomposites: A Review." Journal of Composites Science 5, no. 1 (December 25, 2020): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs5010004.

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ZnO is an exciting material for photocatalysis applications due to its high activity, easy accessibility of raw materials, low production costs, and nontoxic. Several ZnO nano and microstructures can be obtained, such as nanoparticles, nanorods, micro flowers, microspheres, among others, depending on the preparation method and conditions. ZnO is a wide bandgap semiconductor presenting massive recombination of the generated charge carriers, limiting its photocatalytic efficiency and stability. It is common to mix it with metal, metal oxide, sulfides, polymers, and nanocarbon-based materials to improve its photocatalytic behavior. Therefore, ZnO–nanocarbon composites formation has been a viable alternative that leads to new, more active, and stable photocatalytic systems. Mainly, graphene is a well-known two-dimensional material, which could be an excellent candidate to hybridize with ZnO due to its excellent physical and chemical properties (e.g., high specific surface area, optical transmittance, and thermal conductivity, among others). This review analyses ZnO–graphene nanocomposites’ recent advances, addressing the synthesis methods and the resulting structural, morphological, optical, and electronic properties. Moreover, we examine the ZnO–graphene composites’ role in the photocatalytic degradation of organic/inorganic pollutants.

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7

Liu, Ming Ran. "Fabrication, Characterization and Investigation of Novel PVDF/ZnO and PVDF-TrFE/ZnO Nanocomposites with Enhanced β-Phase and Dielectricity". Materials Science Forum 977 (лютий 2020): 277–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.977.277.

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To date, flexible, sensitive and biocompatible pressure sensors for fluctuation signals in human body have been mainly demonstrated for detecting body and muscle motion, pulse rate, heart rate and arterial blood pressure. However, because of the lack of sufficient sensitivity and flexibility, pulse signals with relatively low intensity cannot be identified and captured, such as signals derived from microcirculation in human body. As confirmed and validated by researchers, once PVDF and its copolymer based nanocomposite sensing material are applied in piezoelectric sensors, its sensitivity and piezoelectricity are highly relevant. Therefore, as one of the most effective methods to improve the permittivity and piezoelectricity of PVDF and its copolymer based nanocomposite, the effect of increasing the content of β-phase crystal was investigated in this work. In this project, the sensor possessing a novel sensing layer with the nanofiller was investigated and fabricated. The proposed sensor was designed in a simple but efficient sandwich structure. The sensing layer of the proposed sensor was made of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and polyvinylidenefluoride-trifluoroethylene (PVDF-TrFE) based nanocomposite with Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanostructure acting as a filler portion which was fabricated by the method of Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD). The fabricated nanocomposite sensing layers were characterized. The microstructures and morphologies of pristine PVDF (P), PVDF-TrFE (PT), PVDF/ZnO (P/Z) and PVDF-TrFE/ZnO (PT/Z) with different concentration were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The degree of crystallinity for P, PT, P/Z and PT/Z was obtained by X-ray Diffraction meter (XRD). In conclusion, PT exhibited better performance in both morphology and crystallinity as a sensing membrane material. More β‐phase in PT was obtained than that in P. ZnO, as a semiconductor filler, would have substantial influence on enhancing the dielectric constant by acting as a nucleating agent and forming a nanostructure with large aspect ratio.

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8

Singh, Mandeep, Sanjeev Kumar, Shervin Zoghi, Yerli Cervantes, Debaki Sarkar, Saquib Ahmed, Shaestagir Chowdhury, and Sankha Banerjee. "Fabrication and Characterization of Flexible Three-Phase ZnO-Graphene-Epoxy Electro-Active Thin-Film Nanocomposites: Towards Applications in Wearable Biomedical Devices." Journal of Composites Science 4, no. 3 (July 4, 2020): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs4030088.

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Perovskite oxides have been used as sensors, actuators, transducers, for sound generation and detection, and also in optical instruments and microscopes. Perovskite halides are currently considered as optoelectronic devices such as solar cells, photodetectors, and radiation detection, but there are major issues with stability, interfacial recombination, and electron/hole mobility. The following work looks into the fabrication of non-toxic ZnO-based lead-free alternatives to perovskite oxides for use as secondary sensors or electron transport layers along with perovskite halides for application in stacked biomedical wearable devices. Three-phase, lead-free, Zinc Oxide-Graphene-Epoxy electroactive nanocomposite thin films were fabricated. The volume fraction of the Graphene phase was held constant at 10%, while the volume fraction of the ZnO phase was varied from 10–70%. The dielectric constant, capacitance, impedance, resistance, and conductance of the samples were measured using an impedance analyzer, and the results were compared as a function of volume fraction of ZnO to understand the electron transport performance of these thin films. The impedance and dielectric spectra of the nanocomposites were recorded over a frequency range of 20 Hz to 10 MHz. The microstructural properties and cross-section of the thin films were analyzed using a Scanning Electron Microscope. The high sensitivity and electron transport properties of the composite could be potentially utilized in biomedical devices at low- and high-frequency ranges.

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9

Farhadyar, Nazanin, and Mirabdullah Seyed Sadjadi. "Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO-SiO₂/Epoxy Nanocomposite Coating by Sol-Gel Process." Journal of Nano Research 16 (January 2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jnanor.16.1.

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In this paper, we report preparation of hydrophilic hybrid nanocomposite coatings on glass substrates using Zinc acetate solutions based on 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS), epoxy resin, aromatic amine (HY850), polyethylene glycol (PEG) and surfactant (polyoxyethylene(4)laurylether) by the sol-gel process. Furthermore, the effects of PEG addition to the precursor solutions on the hydrophilic property and microstructure of the resultant coating film were studied. The hydrophilic behavior study of the synthesized hybrid was performed by adding different amounts of polyethylene glycol precursor to the hybrid solution. Experimental results show that, among different amounts of PEGs, the best results are obtained by addition of PEGs (400) to the hybrid solution which can decrease the water contact angles down to 16 and using surfactant down to 0, and increase the free surface energy. Coated glass exhibits a higher strength than uncoated glass. Attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopic (ATR-IR) technique was used to characterize the structure of the hybrid films. The chemical structure of obtained network affects morphology of the coating. The morphology of the hybrid coatings was examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The hybrid systems have a unit form structure and the inorganic phases were in the nanosize scale,

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10

Mu, Liwen, Jiahua Zhu, Jingdeng Fan, Zhongxin Zhou, Yijun Shi, Xin Feng, Huaiyuan Wang, and Xiaohua Lu. "Self-Lubricating Polytetrafluoroethylene/Polyimide Blends Reinforced with Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles." Journal of Nanomaterials 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/545307.

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ZnO nanoparticle reinforced polytetrafluoroethylene/polyimide (PTFE/PI) nanocomposites were prepared and their corresponding tribological and mechanical properties were studied in this work. The influences of ZnO loading, sliding load, and velocity on the tribological properties of ZnO/PTFE/PI nanocomposites were systematically investigated. Results reveal that nanocomposites reinforced with 3 wt% ZnO exhibit the optimal tribological and mechanical properties. Specifically, the wear loss decreased by 20% after incorporating 3 wt% ZnO compared to unfilled PTFE/PI. Meanwhile, the impact strength, tensile strength, and elongation-at-break of 3 wt% ZnO/PTFE/PI nanocomposite are enhanced by 85, 5, and 10% compared to pure PTFE/PI blend. Microstructure investigation reveals that ZnO nanoparticles facilitate the formation of continuous, uniform, and smooth transfer film and thus reduce the adhesive wear of PTFE/PI.

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11

Santangelo, S., E. Fazio, F. Neri, G. Faggio, G. Messina, and G. Neri. "Microstructure of anatase-based hybrid nanocomposites." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 46, no. 12 (February 21, 2013): 125303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/46/12/125303.

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12

AHMED, S. M., A. A. A. DARWISH, E. A. EL-SABAGH, N. A. MANSOUR, D. E. ABULYAZIED, and E. S. ALI. "PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF PREPARED ZnO/ POLYSTYRENE NANOCOMPOSITES: STRUCTURE, MECHANICAL AND OPTICAL." Journal of Ovonic Research 16, no. 1 (January 2020): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.15251/jor.2020.161.71.

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Nanocomposites of polystyrene nano sphere (PS) with different loading of nano zinc oxide (ZnO) were prepared by two different methods, blend and in situ method. The prepared films of the synthesized nanocomposites materials were characterized by energy dispersive investigation (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the morphology of ZnO/PS nanocomposite were investigated by transmission electron microscope (TEM). Phase composition and microstructure analysis shows that ZnO nanoparticles content has an influence on the crystal structure and morphology of ZnO/PS nanocomposite. The effect of ZnO nanoparticles on linear optical properties was studied in the PS lattice. The obtained results indicate that, the refractive index has been increased while the energy gap decreased with increasing ZnO nanoparticles contents. The improving of mechanical properties of ZnO/PS nanocomposite is verified due to the addition of ZnO nanoparticles.

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13

Li, Xiaoyu, and Huaming Yang. "Pd hybridizing ZnO/kaolinite nanocomposites: Synthesis, microstructure, and enhanced photocatalytic property." Applied Clay Science 100 (October 2014): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2014.05.007.

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14

Chitra, M., G. Mangamma, K. Uthayarani, N. Neelakandeswari, and E. K. Girija. "Band gap engineering in ZnO based nanocomposites." Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures 119 (May 2020): 113969. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physe.2020.113969.

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15

Noothongkaew, Suttinart, Orathai Thumthan, and Ki-Seok An. "UV-Photodetectors based on CuO/ZnO nanocomposites." Materials Letters 233 (December 2018): 318–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2018.09.024.

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16

Merijs Meri, R., I. Bochkov, A. Grigalovca, J. Zicans, J. Grabis, R. Kotsilkova, and I. Borovanska. "Nanocomposites Based on ZnO Modified Polymer Blends." Macromolecular Symposia 321-322, no. 1 (December 2012): 130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/masy.201251122.

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17

D. HUSSEIN, Amel. "FABRICATION SENSORS BASED ON NANOCOMPOSITES ZnO/PVDF." MINAR International Journal of Applied Sciences and Technology 04, no. 03 (September 1, 2022): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/2717-8234.12.13.

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This paper focused on generated output voltage by converting the mechanical energy to electrical response piezoelectric output voltage by tapping the finger of the hand on flexible nanogenerators fabrication of nanocomposites fibers (zinc oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride) ZnO/PVDF. Since, zinc oxide nanostructured materials have unique properties as their nanostructures, semiconducting, and piezoelectric which synthesize practically simply by a hydrothermal process at low temperatures. The structure and morphology of reactant materials, and, the fabricated nanofibers of the nanocomposites are characterized by XRD and SEM. The output is measured by an oscilloscope. The maximum output piezoelectric voltage for 18%ZnO–16%PVDF was 1.600 V. Therefore, the generators can be used as sensors in medical applications and other fields.

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18

Anandhi, P., V. Jawahar Senthil Kumar, and S. Harikrishnan. "Improved electrochemical behavior of metal oxides-based nanocomposites for supercapacitor." Functional Materials Letters 12, no. 05 (September 17, 2019): 1950064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604719500644.

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This paper investigates the synthesis and enhanced electrochemical behaviors of ZnO and NiO/ZnO nanocomposites for electrode material of supercapacitors. ZnO and NiO/ZnO nanocomposites were produced via sol–gel technique. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) were used to determine the size and structure of as-synthesized nanomaterials, respectively. The capacitive behavior and charge–discharge characteristics of the electrode using ZnO and NiO/ZnO nanocomposites (as active material) were individually probed with the help of cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge-discharge tests, respectively. The specific capacitance of nanocomposites-based electrode calculated from galvanostatic charge-discharge tests was 469[Formula: see text]F [Formula: see text] at the scan rate of 1[Formula: see text]mA [Formula: see text] in 1M Na2SO4 electrolyte. The power density and energy density at the current density of 1[Formula: see text]mA [Formula: see text] were determined as 1458.33[Formula: see text]W [Formula: see text] and 91.14[Formula: see text]Wh[Formula: see text][Formula: see text], respectively. Hence, NiO/ZnO nanocomposites could be reckoned to be a promising electrode material for supercapacitor while comparing to ZnO-based electrode material.

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19

Hui, Aiping, Fangfang Yang, Rui Yan, Yuru Kang, and Aiqin Wang. "Palygorskite-Based Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Nanocomposite for Enhanced Antibacterial Activities." Nanomaterials 11, no. 12 (November 28, 2021): 3230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11123230.

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A synergistic antibacterial strategy is effective in enhancing the antibacterial efficacy of a single antibacterial material. Plant essential oils (PEOs) are safe antibacterial agents. However, some of their characteristics such as intense aroma, volatility, and poor thermal stability limit their antibacterial activity and applications. In this paper, five kinds of PEOs were incorporated onto ZnO/palygorskite (ZnO/PAL) nanoparticles by a simple adsorption process to form organic–inorganic nanocomposites (PEOs/ZnO/PAL) with excellent antibacterial properties. TEM and SEM analyses demonstrated that ZnO nanoparticles uniformly anchored onto the surface of rod-like PAL, and that the structure of ZnO/PAL maintained after the incorporation of ZnO nanoparticles and PEOs. It was found that carvacrol/ZnO/palygorskite (CAR/ZnO/PAL) exhibited higher antibacterial activities than other PEOs/ZnO/PAL nanocomposites, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 0.5 mg/mL and 1.5 mg/mL against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), respectively. Moreover, the antibacterial efficiency of CAR/ZnO/PAL nanocomposites was superior to that of ZnO/PAL and pure CAR, demonstrating the synergistic effect that occurs in the combined system. PAL serving as a carrier for the combination of organic PEOs and ZnO nanoparticles is an effective strategy for enhanced, clay-based, organic–inorganic hybrid antibacterial nanocomposites.

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20

Sharma, Prashant, Na-Yoon Jang, Jae-Won Lee, Bum Chul Park, Young Keun Kim, and Nam-Hyuk Cho. "Application of ZnO-Based Nanocomposites for Vaccines and Cancer Immunotherapy." Pharmaceutics 11, no. 10 (September 26, 2019): 493. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics11100493.

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Engineering and application of nanomaterials have recently helped advance various biomedical fields. Zinc oxide (ZnO)-based nanocomposites have become one of the most promising candidates for biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility, unique physicochemical properties, and cost-effective mass production. In addition, recent advances in nano-engineering technologies enable the generation of ZnO nanocomposites with unique three-dimensional structures and surface characteristics that are optimally designed for in vivo applications. Here, we review recent advances in the application of diverse ZnO nanocomposites, with an especial focus on their development as vaccine adjuvant and cancer immunotherapeutics, as well as their intrinsic properties interacting with the immune system and potential toxic effect in vivo. Finally, we summarize promising proof-of-concept applications as prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines against infections and cancers. Understanding the nano-bio interfaces between ZnO-based nanocomposites and the immune system, together with bio-effective design of the nanomaterial using nano-architectonic technology, may open new avenues in expanding the biomedical application of ZnO nanocomposites as a novel vaccine platform.

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Han, Lei, Wen Li, Chao Meng, Yan Chen, and Shan Fan. "Charge transport mechanism of polyaniline/ZnO nanocomposites based on inorganic/organic heterojunctions." MATEC Web of Conferences 179 (2018): 02005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817902005.

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The key to improve the photocurrent is how to promote the generation rate and reduce the recombination rate of the photo-hole pair. In this paper, a p-n heterjunction structure in Polyaniline (PANI)/ZnO nanocomposites was formed via mechanical mixing process. Compared with ZnO, PANI doped ZnO nanocomposites exhibit obviously enhanced response. It might be attributed to the p-n heterojunctions formed between p-type and n-type enhanced response, enhancing the charge separation and in turn promoting the photoconductivity of the film. The 5at-%PANI doped ZnO nanocomposites demonstrates the highest response.

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22

Rahman, Mohammed M., Hadi M. Marwani, Faisal K. Algethami, and Abdullah M. Asiri. "Xanthine sensor development based on ZnO–CNT, ZnO–CB, ZnO–GO and ZnO nanoparticles: an electrochemical approach." New Journal of Chemistry 41, no. 14 (2017): 6262–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7nj00278e.

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The wet-chemical method was used to prepare the various ZnO–CNT, ZnO–CB, ZnO–GO nanocomposites, and ZnO nanoparticles in higher pH medium, which were finally utilized with 5% nafion to produce a thin film of NCs/Nafion/GCE sensor that has a faster response towards selected xanthine with higher sensitivity, lower detection limit, and large linear dynamic range by electrochemical approach.

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23

Ai, Xiaoqian, Shun Yan, Chao Lin, Kehong Lu, Yujie Chen, and Ligang Ma. "Facile Fabrication of Highly Active CeO2@ZnO Nanoheterojunction Photocatalysts." Nanomaterials 13, no. 8 (April 14, 2023): 1371. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13081371.

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Photocatalyst performance is often limited by the poor separation and rapid recombination of photoinduced charge carriers. A nanoheterojunction structure can facilitate the separation of charge carrier, increase their lifetime, and induce photocatalytic activity. In this study, CeO2@ZnO nanocomposites were produced by pyrolyzing Ce@Zn metal–organic frameworks prepared from cerium and zinc nitrate precursors. The effects of the Zn:Ce ratio on the microstructure, morphology, and optical properties of the nanocomposites were studied. In addition, the photocatalytic activity of the nanocomposites under light irradiation was assessed using rhodamine B as a model pollutant, and a mechanism for photodegradation was proposed. With the increase in the Zn:Ce ratio, the particle size decreased, and surface area increased. Furthermore, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses revealed the formation of a heterojunction interface, which enhanced photocarrier separation. The prepared photocatalysts show a higher photocatalytic activity than CeO2@ZnO nanocomposites previously reported in the literature. The proposed synthetic method is simple and may produce highly active photocatalysts for environmental remediation.

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24

Mu, Haichuan, Yanming Gu, and Haifen Xie. "Photocatalysis of Nickel-Based Graphene/Au/ZnO Nanocomposites." IEEE Sensors Journal 19, no. 14 (July 15, 2019): 5376–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2019.2907712.

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25

Liao, Zhijia, Yao Yu, Zhenyu Yuan, and Fanli Meng. "Ppb-Level Butanone Sensor Based on ZnO-TiO2-rGO Nanocomposites." Chemosensors 9, no. 10 (October 6, 2021): 284. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors9100284.

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In this paper, ZnO-TiO2-rGO nanocomposites were successfully synthesized by the hydrothermal method. The morphology and structure of the synthesized nanomaterials were characterized by SEM, XRD, HRTEM, and XPS. Butanone is a typical ketone product. The vapors are extremely harmful once exposed, triggering skin irritation in mild cases and affecting our breathing in severe cases. In this paper, the gas-sensing properties of TiO2, ZnO, ZnO-TiO2, and ZnO-TiO2-rGO nanomaterials to butanone vapor were studied. The optimum operating temperature of the ZnO-TiO2-rGO sensor is 145 °C, which is substantially lower than the other three sensors. The selectivity for butanone vapor is greatly improved, and the response is 5.6 times higher than that of other organic gases. The lower detection limit to butanone can reach 63 ppb. Therefore, the ZnO-TiO2-rGO sensor demonstrates excellent gas-sensing performance to butanone. Meanwhile, the gas-sensing mechanism of the ZnO-TiO2-rGO sensor to butanone vapor was also analyzed.

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26

Kaur, Daljeet, Amardeep Bharti, Tripti Sharma, and Charu Madhu. "Dielectric Properties of ZnO-Based Nanocomposites and Their Potential Applications." International Journal of Optics 2021 (July 22, 2021): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9950202.

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Energy storage devices constitute one of the research areas in recent years. Capacitors are commonly used for the storage of electrical energy. The current research is focusing on not only the improvement in energy density but also the materials which are environment friendly. Polymer composites are known to be technically essential materials owing to their wide range of applications. Enormous research has been devoted to zinc oxide- (ZnO-) based polymer nanocomposites, due to their extraordinary dielectric properties. This review article presents a detailed study of the dielectric properties of ZnO-based nanocomposites. The dielectric constant study includes the effect of transition metals and rare earth metals as a dopant in ZnO. This review gives an insight into the mechanism responsible for the variation of dielectric constant in ZnO nanocomposites due to various factors like size of nanoparticles, thickness of the thin film, operating frequency, doping concentration, and atomic number. The observations have been summarized to convey the mechanism and structural changes involved in the ZnO nanocomposites to the researchers. The deployment of biodegradable nanocomposite materials is expected to open an innovative way for their outstanding electronic applications as storage materials.

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Kannan, Karthik, Mostafa H. Sliem, Aboubakr M. Abdullah, Kishor Kumar Sadasivuni, and Bijandra Kumar. "Fabrication of ZnO-Fe-MXene Based Nanocomposites for Efficient CO2 Reduction." Catalysts 10, no. 5 (May 15, 2020): 549. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10050549.

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A ZnO-Fe-MXene nanocomposite was fabricated and examined with diverse spectroscopic techniques. The hexagonal structure of ZnO, MXene, and ZnO-Fe-MXene nanocomposites were validated through XRD. FTIR showed the characteristic vibrational frequencies of ZnO and MXene. The micrographs of the SEM showed nanoparticles with a flower-like structure. The electrocatalytic reduction efficiency of ZnO-Fe-MXene nanocomposite was analyzed through cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy methods. The ZnO-Fe-MXene electrode was confirmed to have a high current density of 18.75 mA/cm2 under a CO2 atmosphere. Nyquist plots also illustrated a decrease in the impedance of the ZnO-Fe-MXene layer, indicating fast charge transfer between the Zn and MXene layers. Additionally, this electrochemical study highlights new features of ZnO-Fe-MXene for CO2 reduction.

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Wu, Jiang, Xiaomei Zheng, Yuguang Lv, Yanjie Li, and Guoliang Zhang. "Preparation and characterization of GO/ZnO/Ag nanocomposites and their synergistic antibacterial effect on Streptococcus mutans." AIP Advances 13, no. 3 (March 1, 2023): 035313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0137874.

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In this study, GO/ZnO/Ag nanocomposites were prepared by a hydrothermal method in one step. The microstructure and surface morphology of the material were analyzed by x-ray diffraction and a scanning electron microscope. The chemical interactions between the available oxygen functional groups of reduced graphene oxide and the inorganic parts (Ag and ZnO) were analyzed by XPS and FTIR. The synergistic antibacterial activity of the nanocomposites against Streptococcus mutans was investigated. It was confirmed that GO/ZnO/Ag could inhibit the growth of S. mutans. The minimal inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of GO/ZnO/Ag on the surface structure of S. mutans were 62.5 and 125 µg/ml, respectively. The material was added to a dental dentin binder, and the modified dentin binder specimens with GO/ZnO/Ag had a significant antibacterial effect against Streptococcus mutans. The results showed that a low dose of GO/ZnO/Ag did not affect the shear bond strength of the dentin binder (P > 0.05), while a high dose of GO/ZnO/Ag decreased the shear bond strength of the dentin binder (P < 0.05). With an increase in GO/ZnO/Ag, the contact angle of the modified dentin binder specimens decreased and the hydrophilicity increased. The nanocomposites can not only be used as antibacterial agents but also have potential applications in biomedical fields.

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Geetha, P., E. Sai Ram, N. Anasuya, and P. Sarita. "Facile Synthesis of Graphene Based ZnO Nanocomposite." Volume 4,Issue 5,2018 4, no. 5 (October 28, 2018): 508–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.30799/jnst.158.18040512.

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Graphene is one of the best conductive materials for developing nanocomposites due to its outstanding electronic properties. Graphene is developed by modified Hummers’ method. Zinc oxide (ZnO) based composites were developed by using different weight percentages (0.1%, 0.5% and 1%) as reinforcement. To enhance the dispersion of graphene in ZnO matrix the synthesis was processed by ultrasonication process. The obtained graphene oxide, ZnO and composites were characterized by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) techniques for structural information, band analysis and surface morphology respectively. The proposed nanocomposites were developed by varying loading percentages 0.1%, 0.5% and 1% weight of graphene. These materials are used in various applications like varistors, energy storage, sensors, super capacitors and so on.

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Sabry, Raad S., and Amel D. Hussein. "Nanogenerator based on nanocomposites PVDF/ZnO with different concentrations." Materials Research Express 6, no. 10 (September 20, 2019): 105549. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab4296.

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Tan, Thian Khoon, PoiSim Khiew, WeeSiong Chiu, and ChinHua Chia. "Simple fabrication of magnetically separable ZnO-based photocatalyst nanocomposites." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 744 (February 10, 2020): 012020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/744/1/012020.

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Faraji, Naser, and Zahra Hajimahdi. "Synthesis, characterisation, and antimicrobial activity of ZnO‐based nanocomposites." Micro & Nano Letters 13, no. 12 (December 2018): 1667–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/mnl.2018.5202.

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Özgür Özer, İ., Ender Suvaci, and Slavko Bernik. "Microstructure–property relationship in textured ZnO-based varistors." Acta Materialia 58, no. 12 (July 2010): 4126–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2010.04.003.

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Wang, Hao, Tohru Sekino, Takafumi Kusunose, Tadachika Nakayama, and Koichi Niihara. "Properties and Microstructure of Mullite-Based Iron Nanocomposite." Key Engineering Materials 317-318 (August 2006): 611–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.317-318.611.

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Mullite-based iron nanocomposites were prepared by the reduction of a mullite-iron oxide solid solution and successive hot pressing. The solid solution was obtained from the heat treatment of diphasic gel by sol-gel method. Some of the α-iron nanoparticles have an intra-granular structure just after reduction. Mechanical properties are strongly affected by the content of iron. Low iron content is beneficial to strengthening while high iron content can improve the fracture toughness. Furthermore, the nanocomposites also behave ferromagnetic properties at room temperature.

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Sathiya, S. M., Gunadhor S. Okram, S. Maria Dhivya, Subramanian Mugesh, Maruthamuthu Murugan, and M. A. Jothi Rajan. "Synergistic Bactericidal Effect of Chitosan/Zinc Oxide Based Nanocomposites Against Staphylococcus aureus." Advanced Science Letters 24, no. 8 (August 1, 2018): 5537–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asl.2018.12144.

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The biocompatible Chitosan/Zinc oxide (CS/ZnO) nanocomposites (NCs) material was synthesized via a simple and versatile microwave assisted wet synthesis method. After the incorporation of CS in the ZnO nanoparticles (NPs), the crystalline structure of the modified NPs was retained in the NCs and it was clearly exposed in the X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. The Zeta potential measurement of CS/ZnO nanocomposites (NCs) shows more stability than ZnO NPs. The Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) measurements depict the formation of cauliflower like structure after the integration of CS in the ZnO NPs. The interaction between ZnO molecules in CS becomes more compact and is confirmed in the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) measurement. Bacterial activity was increased gradually with the CS/ZnO content and was analytically stronger against Gram-positive cells. This study has conclusively proved that reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as •OH, •O2− , and H2O2 were significantly produced from aqueous suspension of CS/ZnO and were primarily responsible for the bactericidal activity.

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Miao, Yuxin, Guofeng Pan, Caixuan Sun, Ping He, Guanlong Cao, Chao Luo, Li Zhang, and Hongliang Li. "Enhanced photoelectric responses induced by visible light of acetone gas sensors based on CuO-ZnO nanocomposites at about room temperature." Sensor Review 38, no. 3 (June 18, 2018): 311–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sr-08-2017-0158.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the effect of doping, annealing temperature and visible optical excitation on CuO-ZnO nanocomposites’ acetone sensing properties and introduce an attractive candidate for acetone detection at about room temperature.Design/methodology/approachZnO nanoparticles doped with CuO were prepared by sol-gel method, and the structure and morphology were characterized via X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectroscopy and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller. The photoelectric responses of CuO-ZnO nanocomposites to cetone under the irradiation of visible light were investigated at about 30°C. The photoelectric response mechanism was also discussed with the model of double Schottky.FindingsThe doping of CuO enhanced performance of ZnO nanoparticles in terms of the photoelectric responses and the gas response and selectivity to acetone of ZnO nanoparticles, in addition, decreasing the operating temperature to about 30ºC. The optimum performance was obtained by 4.17% CuO-ZnO nanocomposites. Even at the operating temperature, about 30ºC, the response to 1,000 ppm acetone was significantly increased to 579.24 under the visible light irradiation.Practical implicationsThe sensor fabricated by 4.17% CuO-ZnO nanocomposites exhibited excellent acetone-sensing characteristics at about 30ºC. It is promising to be applied in low power and miniature acetone gas sensors.Originality/valueIn the present research, a new nanocomposite material of CuO-ZnO was prepared by Sol-gel method. The optimum gas sensing properties to acetone were obtained by 4.17% CuO-ZnO nanocomposites at about 30ºC operating temperature when it was irradiated by visible light with the wavelength more than 420 nm.

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Ma, Ligang, Xiaoqian Ai, Yujie Chen, Pengpeng Liu, Chao Lin, Kehong Lu, Wenjun Jiang, Jiaen Wu, and Xiang Song. "Improved Photocatalytic Activity via n-Type ZnO/p-Type NiO Heterojunctions." Nanomaterials 12, no. 20 (October 18, 2022): 3665. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12203665.

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The design and construct pn heterojunction to reduce the recombination rate of photogenerated electron-hole pairs can effectively improve photocatalytic activity. In this study, ZnO/NiO heterojunctions were fabricated by annealing a Zn/Ni metal organic framework precursor synthesized via coprecipitation. The effects of the precursor annealing temperature on the microstructure, morphology, and optical properties of the ZnO/NiO nanocomposites were investigated using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and UV-vis absorption spectroscopy. The results showed that the nanocomposite was composed of hexagonal wurtzite ZnO and cubic NiO, with the former being the dominant phase. Large ZnO nanoparticles were attached to small NiO nanoparticles, and a pn heterojunction interface was formed. The photodegradation performance of the nanomaterials was evaluated by monitoring the degradation of RhB under irradiation by ultraviolet light. The ZnO/NiO nanocomposites exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity when the annealing temperature was 550 °C. The photodegradation mechanism was also analyzed in detail, revealing that the heterojunction between the n-type ZnO and the p-type NiO played an important role in impeding the recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs and improving the photocatalytic efficiency.

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Jha, Pankaj Kumar, Chamorn Chawengkijwanich, Chonlada Pokum, Pichai Soisan, and Kuaanan Techato. "Antibacterial Activities of Biosynthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Silver-Zinc Oxide Nanocomposites using Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract." Trends in Sciences 20, no. 3 (January 15, 2023): 5649. http://dx.doi.org/10.48048/tis.2023.5649.

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Green route of nanomaterials synthesis is increasing in demand due to ecofriendly to the environment. In this research, objective is to biosynthesize and evaluate the antibacterial performance of pure ZnO and Ag/ZnO nanocomposites using Camellia sinensis leaf extracts. Pure ZnO nanoparticles and Ag/ZnO nanocomposites were synthesized using Camellia sinensis leaf extract. The antibacterial effectiveness against gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria were examined and compared with 1 % Chlorox as a commercial disinfectant by well diffusion method based on the zone of inhibition. Pure ZnO nanoparticles and Ag/ZnO nanocomposites had hexagonal shape ZnO nanoparticles and rectangular shape Ag nanoparticles in Ag/ZnO nanocomposites with a particle crystal size between 20 - 30 nm with carboxylic and phenolic functional group attached on it. Ag/ZnO nanocomposites exhibited antibacterial effectiveness against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, while pure ZnO nanoparticles exhibited antibacterial effectiveness against only gram-positive bacteria. Conversely, 1 % Chlorox and 1 % DMSO showed no significant antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Camellia sinensis mediated ZnO and Ag/ZnO nanoparticles showed antibacterial potential against S. aureus and E. coli suggesting that green route to synthesis of antibacterial nanoparticles can be an excellent strategy to develop eco-friendly disinfectant products HIGHLIGHTS Zinc oxide nanocomposites biosynthesis by Camellia sinensis at low pH, Antibacterial properties of ZnO nanoparticles and Ag/ZnO nanocomposites on Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538P strains, Disinfection application. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

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Wang, Caili, Jing Wang, Shaobin Wang, Runquan Yang, and Huaifa Wang. "Preparation of Mg(OH)2/Calcined Fly Ash Nanocomposite for Removal of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Acidic Solutions." Materials 13, no. 20 (October 16, 2020): 4621. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13204621.

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A magnesium hydroxide (MH)-modified calcined fly ash (CFA) nanocomposite (CFAMH) with core-shell structure was obtained with a heterogeneous nucleation method, and its application for removal of copper, zinc and nickel ions from aqueous acidic solution was studied. The microstructure and surface properties of CFA, CFAMH and MH powders were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller specific surface area (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier translation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), respectively. The preparation mechanism of CFAMH was discussed based on zeta potential and FTIR data. The results showed that nano-flake MH with thickness 13.4 nm was well coated on the surface of CFA. The specific surface area was increased from 2.5 to 31.0 m2/g. Si-O-Mg-OH bonds formed from the condensation of Si-OH and Mg-OH. The removal efficiency of heavy metals on CFAMH nanocomposite is higher than that of CFA and MH and follows an order of Cu2+ > Zn2+ > Ni2+. Solubility product constant (Ksp) is an important constant for the removal order of heavy metals on FA, CFAMH and MH. CFAMH nanocomposite can be a cheap material for removing heavy metal ions from acidic wastewater.

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Li, Xiu Hong, Bernd Kretzschmar, Andreas Janke, Liane Häussler, Konrad Schneider, and Manfred Stamm. "Investigation of Structure and Mechanical Behavior of Polyamide 6/ZnO and Polyamide 6/Al₂O₃ Nanocomposites." Advanced Materials Research 557-559 (July 2012): 272–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.557-559.272.

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In this work we investigate mechanical properties and structure of PA6/ZnO and PA6/Al2O3 nanocomposites to understand the effect of different nanoparticles on the polymer matrix. Mechanical experiment results show that the mechanical reinforcement effect after loading ZnO nanoparticles is better than that of loading Al2O3 nanoparticles. At 10% ZnO loading, the elastic modulus increases to about two times of that of pure PA6, and the yield stress increases about 30%. And the elongation at break has no obvious decrease even at high ZnO loading. In order to understand the reason of better mechanical reinforcement after incorporating ZnO nanoparticles, microstructure and crystallization behavior of the samples were investigated. The results indicate that the better reinforcement of mechanical properties after loading ZnO was attributed to enhanced interfacial adhesion between ZnO nanoparticles and PA6 matrix at high ZnO content.

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Moheimani, Seyed Kiomars, Mehran Dadkhah, and Abdollah Saboori. "Development of Novel AlSi10Mg Based Nanocomposites: Microstructure, Thermal and Mechanical Properties." Metals 9, no. 9 (September 11, 2019): 1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9091000.

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Al matrix nanocomposites are interestingly employed in the automotive, military, aerospace and electronics packaging industries. In this study, Graphene Nanoplatelets (GNPs) reinforced AlSi10Mg nanocomposites were produced via powder metallurgy. The effect of GNPs content on density, microstructure and mechanical characteristics of the AlSi10Mg/GNPs nanocomposites was investigated systematically. To this aim, AlSi10Mg/GNPs nanocomposites reinforced with 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 wt.% of GNPs were produced by wet mixing method following by hot compaction at 600 °C. To evaluate the effect of GNPs on mechanical properties of the as-fabricated nanocomposite, Vickers hardness and tensile properties of composites analyzed at room temperature. According to the results, it was found that the fabrication of AlSi10Mg/GNPs nanocomposites is faced with several challenges such as agglomeration and non-uniform dispersion of GNPs that should be addressed to achieve the desirable thermal and mechanical properties. For instance, surprisingly, it is revealed that the mechanical and thermal properties of nanocomposites were deteriorated in the presence of a high quantity of GNPs (>1.0 wt.%), which can be attributed to the GNPs agglomeration and accordingly introduction of internal porosity in the nanocomposite. The relatively low fraction of GNPs can uniformly be dispersed in the matrix and improve the performance of the nanocomposite.

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Abebe, Buzuayehu, and H. C. Ananda Murthy. "Insights into ZnO-based doped porous nanocrystal frameworks." RSC Advances 12, no. 10 (2022): 5816–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ra09152b.

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The synthesis of doped nanocomposites under the control of surfactants has outstanding potential for the photocatalytic degradation of dyes and antibacterial activity. 4D-STEM detector mode gathers real-space atomic-resolution images with high-speed and efficient detection.

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Li, Xicuo, Joy K. Mishra, Soo-Duk Seul, Il Kim, and Chang-Sik Ha. "Microstructure and properties of poly(butylene terephthalate) based nanocomposites." Composite Interfaces 11, no. 4 (January 2004): 335–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568554041738193.

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Farha, Ashraf H., Abdullah F. Al Naim, and Shehab A. Mansour. "Thermal Degradation of Polystyrene (PS) Nanocomposites Loaded with Sol Gel-Synthesized ZnO Nanorods." Polymers 12, no. 9 (August 27, 2020): 1935. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12091935.

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Thermal degradation of polystyrene/ZnO (PS/ZnO) nanocomposites was investigated in this study. PS/ZnO polymer nanocomposites were prepared by using ZnO nanorods as nanofillers that were prepared via the sol-gel route. The as-prepared ZnO nanoparticles showed nanocrystallites in rod-like shapes with a non-uniform hexagonal cross-section and diameter varying from 40 to 75 nm. PS/ZnO nanocomposites with ZnO nanoparticles content ranging from 0–3 wt% are prepared via the common casting method. Even dispersion for ZnO nanoparticles within as-prepared PS/ZnO nanocomposites was verified through SEM/EDX measurements. Thermal degradation of the samples was checked by using the thermogravimetric (TG) analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) under non-isothermal conditions and a constant heating rate of 10 °C min. The thermal stability of the nanocomposite is elevated compared to that of pristine PS due to the addition of the ZnO nanoparticles. The homogeneity of the PS/ZnO nanocomposites is verified by systematic increases in thermal degradation with increasing ZnO content. The characterization degradation temperatures at different weight loss percentages of ZnO nanoparticles increase at high ZnO wt%. Static activation energy of decomposing is based on TGA data. Activation energies showed some enhancement after the addition of ZnO nanorods into the PS matrix. Enhancing the thermal stability of PS with ZnO addition within the investigated ZnO concentration range is verified by TG, DSC results.

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Wahyuono, Ruri Agung, Christa Schmidt, Andrea Dellith, Jan Dellith, Martin Schulz, Martin Seyring, Markus Rettenmayr, Jonathan Plentz, and Benjamin Dietzek. "ZnO nanoflowers-based photoanodes: aqueous chemical synthesis, microstructure and optical properties." Open Chemistry 14, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 158–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/chem-2016-0016.

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AbstractWe have developed an efficient, low temperature, synthetic route for ZnO nanoflowers (NFs) as photoanode material. This alternative route yields small flowerlike nanostructures, built from densely self-assembled tip-ended rod structures. The obtained ZnO NFs possess a large bandgap of 3.27 - 3.39 eV, enabling the generation of an average open current voltage of 0.56 V. Additionally, they show a high internal light harvesting of 14.6•10-7A-mol-1. The growth mechanism and self-assembly of ZnO NFs were studied in detail by joint spectroscopic-TEM investigations. It is shown that the ZnO crystallite size increases with increasing annealing temperatures and that the stress and the improved crystallinity are induced by annealing and reduce the lattice strain and the dislocation density. The bandgaps of ZnO are affected by the lattice strain revealing an optimal region of lattice strain to gain high bandgap energies. The properties of the synthesized ZnO NFs are compared with other morphologies, i.e. ZnO spherical aggregates (SPs) and ZnO nanorods (NRs), and are tested as electrode materials in dye-sensitized solar cells.

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Kannisto, Erkka, M. Erkin Cura, Erkki Levänen, and Simo Pekka Hannula. "Mechanical Properties of Alumina Based Nanocomposites." Key Engineering Materials 527 (November 2012): 101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.527.101.

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To study the microstructure and mechanical properties of alumina nanocomposites, Al2O3/2.5 vol.% Ni and Al2O3/10 vol.% ZrO2 nanocomposites were consolidated by pulsed electric current sintering (PECS). Fracture toughness was found to increase by 13 % and 16 % respectively compared to reference alumina. Hardness increased slightly in Al2O3/Ni because of a fraction of nickel particles under the critical size (2 following the rule of mixtures. By investigating the results, causes of improved mechanical properties were critically evaluated.

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47

Wang, Weiying, Jie Liu, Xibin Yu, and Guangqian Yang. "Transparent Poly(methyl methacrylate)/ZnO Nanocomposites Based on KH570 Surface Modified ZnO Quantum Dots." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 10, no. 8 (August 1, 2010): 5196–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2010.2223.

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Wu, Di, and Ali Akhtar. "Ppb-Level Hydrogen Sulfide Gas Sensor Based on the Nanocomposite of MoS2 Octahedron/ZnO-Zn2SnO4 Nanoparticles." Molecules 28, no. 7 (April 4, 2023): 3230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28073230.

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Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) detection is extremely necessary due to its hazardous nature. Thus, the design of novel sensors to detect H2S gas at low temperatures is highly desirable. In this study, a series of nanocomposites based on MoS2 octahedrons and ZnO-Zn2SnO4 nanoparticles were synthesized through the hydrothermal method. Various characterizations such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray photoelectron spectrum (XPS) have been used to verify the crystal phase, morphology and composition of synthesized nanocomposites. Three gas sensors based on the nanocomposites of pure ZnO-Zn2SnO4 (MS-ZNO-0), 5 wt% MoS2-ZnO-Zn2SnO4 (MS-ZNO-5) and 10 wt% MoS2-ZnO-Zn2SnO4 (MS-ZNO-10) were fabricated to check the gas sensing properties of various volatile organic compounds (VOCs). It showed that the gas sensor of (MS-ZNO-5) displayed the highest response of 4 to 2 ppm H2S and fewer responses to all other tested gases at 30 °C. The sensor of MS-ZNO-5 also displayed humble selectivity (1.6), good stability (35 days), promising reproducibility (5 cycles), rapid response/recovery times (10 s/6 s), a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.05 ppm H2S (Ra/Rg = 1.8) and an almost linear relationship between H2S concentration and response. Several elements such as the structure of MoS2, higher BET-specific surface area, n-n junction and improvement in oxygen species corresponded to improving response.

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Yaqoob, Asim Ali, Nur Habibah binti Mohd Noor, Albert Serrà, and Mohamad Nasir Mohamad Ibrahim. "Advances and Challenges in Developing Efficient Graphene Oxide-Based ZnO Photocatalysts for Dye Photo-Oxidation." Nanomaterials 10, no. 5 (May 12, 2020): 932. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10050932.

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The efficient remediation of organic dyes from wastewater is increasingly valuable in water treatment technology, largely owing to the tons of hazardous chemicals currently and constantly released into rivers and seas from various industries, including the paper, pharmaceutical, textile, and dye production industries. Using solar energy as an inexhaustible source, photocatalysis ranks among the most promising wastewater treatment techniques for eliminating persistent organic pollutants and new emerging contaminants. In that context, developing efficient photocatalysts using sunlight irradiation and effectively integrating them into reactors, however, pose major challenges in the technologically relevant application of photocatalysts. As a potential solution, graphene oxide (GO)-based zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocomposites may be used together with different components (i.e., ZnO and GO-based materials) to overcome the drawbacks of ZnO photocatalysts. Indeed, mounting evidence suggests that using GO-based ZnO nanocomposites can promote light absorption, charge separation, charge transportation, and photo-oxidation of dyes. Despite such advances, viable, low-cost GO-based ZnO nanocomposite photocatalysts with sufficient efficiency, stability, and photostability remain to be developed, especially ones that can be integrated into photocatalytic reactors. This article offers a concise overview of state-of-the-art GO-based ZnO nanocomposites and the principal challenges in developing them.

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FANG, YONGLING, ZHONGYU LI, SONG XU, DANAN HAN, and DAYONG LU. "FABRICATION OF SQUARAINE DYE SENSITIZED SPHERICAL ZINC OXIDE NANOCOMPOSITES AND THEIR VISIBLE-LIGHT INDUCED PHOTOCATALYTIC ACTIVITY." Nano 09, no. 03 (April 2014): 1450036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292014500362.

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A 1,3-bis[(3,3-dimethylindolin-2-ylidene)methyl]squaraine (ISQ) dye sensitized ZnO nanocomposites via two different preparation methods including hydrothermal and ultrasonic sensitization processes are discussed in this paper. The as-prepared composites were characterized by the X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Based on the XRD patterns and TEM images, the ISQ/ ZnO nanocomposites still kept the characteristic peaks and the basic morphology of ZnO and ISQ dye. The photocatalytic activity of ISQ/ ZnO nanocomposites was investigated by degrading methylene blue (MB) under visible-light illumination. Compared with the MB self-degradation rate, the photocatalytic activity of the ISQ/ ZnO composites was enhanced remarkably. The ISQ/ ZnO nanocomposites fabricated by ultrasonic sensitization method exhibited excellent photocatalytic degradation rate, approximately 20% higher than that of the hydrothermal sensitization one.

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