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1
Pereira Roders, Ana, and Ron van Oers. "World Heritage cities management." Facilities 29, no. 7/8 (May 24, 2011): 276–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02632771111130898.
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Díaz-Berrio Fernández, Salvador. "Las ciudades históricas de Iberoamérica, en la vanguardia de la protección del patrimonio cultural mundial." Intervención Revista Internacional de Conservación Restauración y Museología 1, no. 1 (May 1, 2010): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.30763/intervencion.2012.5.65.
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Navarro, Jose-Luis Alfaro, Juan-Antonio Mondejar Jimenez, and Maria-Encarnacion Andres Martinez. "WORLD HERITAGE CITIES DECLARATION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN EUROPEAN CITIES." Environmental Engineering and Management Journal 15, no. 7 (2016): 1447–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.30638/eemj.2016.155.
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PÉREZ-GÁLVEZ, Jesús Claudio, Tomás LÓPEZ-GUZMÁN, Miguel Jesús MEDINA-VIRUEL, and Mónica TORRES-NARANJO. "HERITAGE TOURISM IN UBEDA Y BAEZA (SPAIN). WORLD HERITAGE REINASSANCE CITIES." GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites 26, no. 3 (November 30, 2019): 808–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.30892/gtg.26311-399.
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Cotte, M. "Astronomical Observatories related to the World Heritage List." Heritage and Modern Times 4, no. 2 (July 12, 2021): 160–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.52883/2619-0214-2021-4-2-160-176.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article examines the existing relationship between two important concepts, but which are different a priori. First is the heritage of astronomy, generally associated with modern European science and its development through the construction of aseries of famous observatories with large fixedinstruments, all along lgth - 20th centuries. Second is the successful implementation of the World Heritage convention from around 50 years, with its famous List of heritage sites, monuments, ancient cities and landscapes.The article shows the relatively limited number, but already notable, of places nowadays registered on the World Heritage List or even sometime places aiming to be nominated for next years. Additional questions raise, asked by a partnership between Astronomy and World Heritage List; e.g.: the existing astronomical heritage from ancient civilizaions or indigenous societies; astronomy as associated value of broader nominations including classical heritage as palaces, monuments, historical cities and etc. In conclusion, we shortly examine the perspectives of the joint field of Astronomy and World Heritage.
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Jani, Mohd Hiriy Ghazali@Mohd, Abdullah Sumrahadi, and Bahtiar Mohamad. "The Role of Newspaper and State Government in Conservation of World Heritage Site in Malaysia." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 8, no. 1 (March 7, 2018): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v8i1.12780.
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Currently, there are two historical sites has been recognized as World Heritage Site by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in Malaysia, which are Melaka (Malacca) and George Town, Penang. Since its recognition, those cities becomes so famous and positioned as one of the world tourism attraction that need to visit. In line with this prestige, conservation matter definitely appears to be a major concern especially to both cities in order to maintain the status given. The paper aims to discover the local daily newspaper of The Star in terms of its portrayal of image on the historic or heritage buildings within the areas of World Heritage Site. Content analysis and previous literature were used as the research method. The findings show that indeed the images of photo could influence the public reader and create awareness of the issues raised. Behind the image thus, this paper would also examine at the role of the state in an effort to conserve the historic buildings of these two cities. Studies on image or visual are still rare in the country and therefore, this paper intend to fill this gap by associating it with the cultural heritage conservation in Malaysia.
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Meetiyagoda, Lakshika. "Pedestrian safety in Kandy Heritage City, Sri Lanka: Lessons from World Heritage Cities." Sustainable Cities and Society 38 (April 2018): 301–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2018.01.017.
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Keech, Daniel, and Marc Redepenning. "Culturalization and urban horticulture in two World Heritage cities." Food, Culture & Society 23, no. 3 (April 14, 2020): 315–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15528014.2020.1740142.
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Pulido-Fernández, Juan Ignacio, Isabel Carrillo-Hidalgo, and Ana Belén Mudarra-Fernández. "Factors that influence tourism expenditure in World Heritage Cities." Anatolia 30, no. 4 (August 7, 2019): 530–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2019.1650083.
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Shulgin, P. M., O. E. Shtele, and S. I. Murashkina. "Astronomical observatories included in the UNESCO World Heritage List." Heritage and Modern Times 4, no. 3 (November 23, 2021): 343–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.52883/2619-0214-2021-4-3-343-355.
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The article analyses the World Heritage Center activities in the implementation of the pilot project "Astronomy and World Heritage. Thematic Initiative", which was launched in 2003. As part of this project, in 2010, 2019 and in 2021 five objects, related to the astronomical heritage were added to the World Heritage List. However, a detailed study of the UNESCO World Heritage List shows, that it already contains astronomical heritage objects (usually historical observatories), which fit there as part of complex nominations, for example, centers of historical cities or groups of architectural structures, concentrated on historical and cultural territory. Examples of astronomical heritage sites included in the UNESCO World Heritage List are described.
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Hochberg, Gil. "From Heritage to Refugee Heritage." Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 40, no. 1 (May 1, 2020): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/1089201x-8186027.
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Abstract As a contemporary concept, heritage bridges legal discourse and ethical discourse, national affiliations and a global imaginary, colonial pasts and neocolonial presents. The term often circulates beliefs in cultural authenticity, collective memory, and historical merit under the logic of neoliberal markets and legitimate capital gain, hence the tight connections between cultural heritage, industry, and tourism. While the concept developed as early as the nineteenth century in postrevolutionary France, its expansive political, juridical, and symbolic use has matured only after the Second World War, primarily as a reaction to the mass destruction experienced in European cities. Managing “heritage” in the context of the global political imagination created after the war, UNESCO has become the key player, lead actor, and sole orchestrator of all things/sites/memories—tangible and intangible—defined as World Cultural Heritage. This article looks at recent critical engagement with heritage, and with UNESCO's role in identifying heritage sites, by exploring Refugee Heritage, a recent project of DAAR (Decolonizing Architecture Art Residency).
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Kern, Kristine, Janne Irmisch, Colette Odermatt, Wolfgang Haupt, and Ingrid Kissling-Näf. "Cultural Heritage, Sustainable Development, and Climate Policy: Comparing the UNESCO World Heritage Cities of Potsdam and Bern." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 15, 2021): 9131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13169131.
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Developing sustainable, carbon-neutral, and climate-resilient districts seems to be particularly challenging with respect to historic city centers. However, barriers posed by legal requirements for historical buildings are counterbalanced by opportunities because historic cities have not undergone urban modernization and did not embrace the concept of functional cities, which nowadays impedes urban sustainability transformations. Thus, this paper focuses on the relationship between cultural heritage, urban sustainable development, and climate policy. We study continuity and change in the mid-sized UNESCO World Heritage cities Potsdam (Germany) and Bern (Switzerland). These matching forerunner cities share many characteristics, which enables them to transfer policies and jointly create new solutions for common problems. We find that national context matters, but we also identify functional equivalents like referenda and active citizen participation. Despite many similarities, Potsdam is ahead of Bern with respect to the institutionalization and integration of climate mitigation and adaptation. The comparative analysis (interviews and document analysis) identifies innovations that can be transferred between the two cities (e.g., Potsdam’s integrative climate policy or Bern’s efforts to become a role model for stakeholders and citizens). Moreover, the challenge to coordinate heritage management and climate governance offers chances for cooperation between matching cities like Bern and Potsdam.
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Hernández-Escampa, Marco, and Daniel Barrera-Fernández. "Tourism, Heritage and Creativity: Divergent Narratives and Cultural Events in Mexican World Heritage Cities." Journal of Cultural Management and Cultural Policy / Zeitschrift für Kulturmanagement und Kulturpolitik 6, no. 1 (August 1, 2020): 79–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/zkmm-2020-0105.
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Majhoshev, Darko, and Cane Koteski. "UNESCO LISTS FOR THE PROTECTION OF NATURAL AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IN THE WORLD AND THEIR IMPACT ON TOURISM DEVELOPMENT: CASE OF THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA." Knowledge International Journal 34, no. 5 (October 4, 2019): 1265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij34051265m.
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UNESCO was founded in 1946 as a UN specialized organization for the protection of the world's natural and cultural heritage, whose main mission is to protect, promote and promote education, science and culture at the global level, ie to promote and respect human freedoms and rights. UNESCO has 195 member states and 8 associate members. UNESCO operates in five major programs: education, natural sciences, sociology, culture and communications. UNESCO, in its activities related to the protection of the world natural and cultural heritage, maintains separate Lists for specific areas. The most famous lists run by this organization are: World Heritage List; List of World Heritage in Danger; World Heritage List Nominations; List of UNESCO Global Geoparks; List of Creative Cities; List of Intangible Cultural Heritage; UNESCO Atlas of the Worlds Languages in Danger (Atlas Map). These lists are important for the protection of the world's natural and cultural heritage, but they also have some impact on the sustainable development of tourism in the world. The Republic of Northern Macedonia, a member of UNESCO since 1993 with its natural beauties and cultural and historical heritage, is on some of the lists listed. The Ohrid region has been on the World Heritage List since 1979 and 1980 with its universal values, and in 2017 was nominated by the World Heritage Committee on the World Heritage List in danger of uncontrolled expansion. tourism, unplanned urban development and environmental destruction in the Ohrid region. The basic research question to be answered in the paper is "Are there natural or cultural heritage sites originating in the Republic of Northern Macedonia on the UNESCO Lists and does this affect the protection of the world's natural and cultural heritage and the development of sustainable tourism?".
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Meskell, Lynn. "A tale of two cities: The fate of Delhi as UNESCO World Heritage." International Journal of Cultural Property 28, no. 1 (February 2021): 27–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0940739121000102.
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AbstractThis article examines the trajectory and fate of Delhi’s Imperial Capital Cities nomination, submitted to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in 2015 for inscription on the World Heritage List. I employ the dossier and events surrounding its withdrawal to reveal the political imbrications of urban conservation, international institutions, neoliberal governance, and colonial histories. First, I underscore the prominence of India as a member of the World Heritage Committee and its efforts to secure an increasing number of UNESCO properties. Second, I situate the dossier within the ambit of neoliberal governance that recalibrates and promotes urban heritage preservation, while similarly encouraging development and economic growth. Building upon this point, I consider how sustained government efforts to reframe Delhi as a “global city,” coupled with the identification of Delhi’s imperial capitals with Mughal and British rule, resulted in the dossier’s withdrawal. Third, the episode reveals tensions in this specific political moment over contemporary perceptions of imperial occupation and “foreign” empires, which plagued the dossier from the outset and continue to reverberate today. Finally, there are lessons to be learned for urban heritage in India and Asian heritage in general, outside the narrow purview of European cities, so many of which are already listed as World Heritage.
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De Luca, Giuseppe, Ahmadreza Shirvani Dastgerdi, Carlo Francini, and Giovanni Liberatore. "Sustainable Cultural Heritage Planning and Management of Overtourism in Art Cities: Lessons from Atlas World Heritage." Sustainability 12, no. 9 (May 11, 2020): 3929. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12093929.
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In recent years, there has been an increase in international tourist arrivals worldwide. In this respect, Art Cities are among the most favorable tourist destinations, as they exhibit masterpieces of art and architecture in a cultural environment. However, the so-called phenomenon of overtourism has emerged as a significant threat to the residents’ quality of life, and, consequently, the sustainability of Art Cites. This research aims to develop a management toolkit that assists site managers to control tourism flows in Art Cities and World Heritage Sites and promotes the residents’ quality of life. The research methodology was developed within the framework of the Atlas Project in 2019. In this project, five European Art Cities, including Florence, Edinburgh, Bordeaux, Porto, and Santiago de Compostela, discussed their common management challenges through the shared learning method. After developing selection criteria, the Atlas’ partners suggested a total of nine strategies as best practices for managing overtourism in Art Cities in multiple sections of accommodation policies, monitoring tactics, and promotional offerings. The Atlas project was conducted before the outbreak of the COVID-19 virus pandemic. Based on the current data, it is somehow uncertain when and how tourism activities will return to normal. The analysis of the Atlas findings also highlights some neglected dimensions in the current strategies in terms of environmental concerns, climate change impacts, crisis management, and cultural development plans, which require further research to boost the heritage planning process.
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Belokurova, Elena, and Dmitry Vorobyev. "Elena Belokurova, Dmitry Vorobyev, Promotion of World Heritage Values: Experiences in St. Petersburg and Other Cities of Russia." 2 8, no. 2 (December 7, 2020): 30–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.37710/plural.v8i2_4.
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The paper reflects the experiences of the social movements, civic initiatives and NGOs in St. Petersburg and other cities of Russia as well as in some other post-Soviet countries, aimed at the promotion and raising awareness of local populations about the World Heritage value in their cities. These efforts are needed, because the outstanding universal values of the historic centres of St. Petersburg and other cities are threatened by illegal construction, misguided urban planning, neglect and a lack of public attention; churches and cultural landscapes suffer from poor restoration, development pressure and an unregulated tourism boom. These effects are often possible because the almost most local population has no knowledge about the UNESCO World Heritage status and its implications. As a result, they are not sufficiently able to speak out for the protection of their site, and do not know how the status of world cultural heritage can help them. Moreover, the population has little understanding of both the cultural value for their own community and what it means to be a World Heritage in general, leading to an insufficient realization of the potentials in the status of world cultural heritage.
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Hille, Maren. "Influence of the UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Label on the Tourist Development of German Cultural Cities." Open Conference Proceedings 2 (December 15, 2022): 117–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.52825/ocp.v2i.168.
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The research project deals with urban destinations that have a World Heritage site in their tourism portfolio. Specifically, the project examines the extent to which the designation of a cultural site as a UNESCO World Heritage Site affects the qualitative development of the destination in which it is located. For this purpose, the model of Sternad and Mödritscher is used, which deals with qualitative growth leaps in companies. The nine growth areas identified in their approach are examined and specifically adapted to destinations. By means of qualitative interviews in four German destinations with World Heritage sites, the aim is to determine whether a development in these areas is discernible after the World Heritage designation.
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García-Esparza, Juan A. "Urban Scene Protection and Unconventional Practices—Contemporary Landscapes in World Heritage Cities of Spain." Land 11, no. 3 (February 23, 2022): 324. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11030324.
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This paper theoretically examines the extent to which visual perception has excluded alternative forms of culture in World Heritage cities and towns in Spain. To do so, an initial review is carried out of the UNESCO framework and criteria which establishes the outstanding universal value of Spanish cities and towns. This is followed by a review of minor concepts such as informality and creativity, which are related to alternative conceptions of culture and heritage. Thirdly, a review of the literature provides an overview of the appraisal of the social value in the heritage realm. This is achieved through the Historic Urban Landscape approach, which is adapted to specific forms of local appraisal. An analysis of policy helps explain the need to review principles of protection in terms of ethical evaluations. The analysis shows that outdated policies clash with contemporary assessment and participatory methods of heritage-making.
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López-Guzmán, Tomás, Jesús Claudio Pérez Gálvez, and Guzmán Antonio Muñoz-Fernández. "Satisfaction, motivation, loyalty and segmentation of tourists in World Heritage cities." Pasos. Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural 16, no. 1 (January 2018): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.25145/j.pasos.2018.16.005.
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Zheravina, Olga A. "UNIVERSITY CITIES OF SPAIN AS OBJECTS OF THE WORLD CULTURAL HERITAGE." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Kul'turologiya i iskusstvovedenie, no. 18(2) (2015): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/22220836/18/5.
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Cidre, Elisabete M. P. "A Discursive Narrative on Planning for Urban Heritage Conservation in Contemporary World Heritage Cities in Portugal." European Spatial Research and Policy 22, no. 2 (December 30, 2015): 37–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/esrp-2015-0024.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This article analyses the structure of heritage conservation in the national context of Portugal. It assesses the political context in which planning operates, and the place of conservation and heritage planning within the planning system. By exploring how heritage conservation discourses developed within the national planning framework it is possible to understand the emergence of conservation practices and to consider recommendations for improved efficiency. The World Heritage cities in Portugal inform this research, as its designation should stand for best historic practices, internationally recognized and thus also compliant to an internationally coherent approach towards conservation policies. The narrative unveils a regulatory legislative framework exposed in general considerations rhetorically formulated as policy, usually setting out objectives and requirements, but saying ‘very little about the methodologies to be followed in the preparation of the plans’ (Rosa Pires 2001, p. 185). The resulting overlapping and sometimes conflicting competences, aims and objectives, all at play in the management of the historic city, thus call for concerted strategies underpinned by appropriate organizational and institutional structures and consistent policy making, where inclusive participation of all key stakeholders involved is critical.
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Pinheiro, António José, and Fernando Paulino. "Urban tourism and World Heritage: relations and effects of the classification." PASOS. Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural 20, no. 5 (2022): 1243–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.25145/j.pasos.2022.20.084.
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"The World Heritage classification emerges as a universal form of validation and dissemination of the heritage value, being a relevant tool for the communication of tourist destinations. The aim of this article is to understand the effects of the World Heritage classification on urban tourist destinations, by confronting the theoretical fundaments of urban tourism and patrimonialization with case studies that seek to evaluate the objectives and results of the World Heritage classification in these places. The different studies reviewed do not allow for a common generalized conclusion but enable to identify some destinations where the World Heritage seal has become an important factor in increasing the notoriety of the tourist destination, and, also, to recognize cities that have several factors that appeal to the visit, where the classification is not proven to be a determining factor in the attraction process for the destination."
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Domènech, Antoni, Inmaculada Mohino, and Borja Moya-Gómez. "Using Flickr Geotagged Photos to Estimate Visitor Trajectories in World Heritage Cities." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 11 (October 29, 2020): 646. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9110646.
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World tourism dynamics are in constant change, as well as they are deeply shaping the trajectories of cities. The “call effect” for having the World Heritage status has boosted tourism in many cities. The large number of visitors and the side effects, such as the overcrowding of central spaces, are arousing the need to develop and protect heritage assets. Hence, the analysis of tourist spatial behaviour is critical for tackling the needs of touristified cities correctly. In this article, individual visitor spatiotemporal trajectories are reconstructed along with the urban network using thousands of geotagged Flickr photos taken by visitors in the historic centre of the World Heritage City of Toledo (Spain). A process of trajectory reconstruction using advanced GIS techniques has been implemented. The spatial behaviour has been used to classify the tourist sites offered on the city’s official tourist map, as well as to identify the association with the land uses. Results bring new knowledge to understand visitor spatial behaviour and new visions about the influence of the urban environment and its uses on the visitor spatial behaviour. Our findings illustrate how tourist attractions and the location of mixed commercial and recreational uses shape the visitor spatial behaviour. Overflowed streets and shadow areas underexplored by visitors are pinpointed.
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Sindhu, S., and M. K. Reshmi. "Cultural Infrastructure and the Planning of Future Cities." E3S Web of Conferences 170 (2020): 05001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017005001.
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Culture is an important aspect of human civilization. Preserving and giving value to the cultural heritage of a region can pave the way for local as well as regional development. This includes tangible, intangible and the natural heritage of cities. It is necessary to develop a cultural infrastructure plan along with other aspects such as transportation, built, green and grey in frastructure. Cultural infrastructure refers to places where culture is experienced, participated in or showcased in. This includes the existing cultural heritage of a place as well as the planning of spaces for cultural stimulation and involvement. With the advent of fourth industrial revolution smart cities are gradually becoming the way of life across the world. The Smart City uses Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and Internet of Things (IoT) to effectively manage transportation, water services, waste disposal, energy and other community services. In this scenario it becomes imperative to have strategic infrastructure planning. Indian Government has recently launched the Smart City Mission in India and several smart city projects are underway across the country. It becomes necessar y in this context that Indian cities with their rich tradition and cultural heritage do not lose their unique identity in this process of transformation into smart cities. Even as smart city projects stress the need for heritage preservation there is a lot of ambiguity in how they can be integrated and used to advance urban intelligence. The technologies of the smart city have considerable potential to be used for the management and enhancement its cultural heritage and can help in the creation of a cultural infrastructure plan. This paper will examine the significance of cultural infrastructure in future cities and how it can be integrated into the city planning process of Indian cities through the study of relevant case studies from around the world.
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Vileikis, O., E. Escalante Carrillo, S. Allayarov, and A. Feyzulayev. "DOCUMENTATION FOR PRESERVATION: METHODOLOGY AND A GIS DATABASE OF THREE WORLD HERITAGE CITIES IN UZBEKISTAN." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-2/W2 (August 17, 2017): 311–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-2-w2-311-2017.
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The historic cities of Uzbekistan are an irreplaceable legacy of the Silk Roads. Currently, Uzbekistan counts with four UNESCO World Heritage Properties, with hundreds of historic monuments and traditional historic houses. However, lack of documentation, systematic monitoring and a digital database, of the historic buildings and dwellings within the historic centers, are threatening the World Heritage properties and delaying the development of a proper management mechanism for the preservation of the heritage and an interwoven city urban development. Unlike the monuments, the traditional historic houses are being demolished without any enforced legal protection, leaving no documentation to understand the city history and its urban fabric as well of way of life, traditions and customs over the past centuries. To fill out this gap, from 2008 to 2015, the Principal Department for Preservation and Utilization of Cultural Objects of the Ministry of Culture and Sports of Uzbekistan with support from the UNESCO Office in Tashkent, and in collaboration with several international and local universities and institutions, carried out a survey of the Historic Centre of Bukhara, Itchan Kala and Samarkand Crossroad of Cultures. The collaborative work along these years have helped to consolidate a methodology and to integrate a GIS database that is currently contributing to the understanding of the outstanding heritage values of these cities as well as to develop preservation and management strategies with a solid base of heritage documentation.
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Jurado-Rivas and Sánchez-Rivero. "Willingness to Pay for More Sustainable Tourism Destinations in World Heritage Cities: The Case of Caceres, Spain." Sustainability 11, no. 21 (October 23, 2019): 5880. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11215880.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Sustainable tourism management is becoming an increasingly important factor in the image of tourist destinations. Therefore, it is appropriate to consider the possibility of charging a premium price on certain tourism products or services in exchange for making them more sustainable. Generally, eco-friendly management of cultural heritage sites, and particularly World Heritage sites, along with protected natural areas, is essential for the image enhancement of tourist destinations. In line with these considerations, this paper aims to quantify the willingness to pay (WTP) an extra amount in order for certain tourism products and services to become more sustainable in a World Heritage city such as Caceres, Spain. By using the contingent valuation method, the average price increase that tourists visiting the city would be willing to pay for a double room in a hotel, a restaurant, entrance to a museum, or a taxi ride, all of which would become more sustainable services, has been estimated. In addition to the aggregate analysis, diverse average-comparison statistical techniques have been used in order to determine the possible influence of sociodemographic factors on the WTP for more sustainable products and services. Specifically, factors including the effect resulting from a tourist’s place of origin, gender, the year when the survey was conducted (through t-tests), and the effect of age and educational levels (through ANOVA tests) on the WTP for sustainability, have been analyzed. When considering all of the sociodemographic factors involved, notable statistical differences have been found. This implies that when a hypothetical increase in tourism prices for the purpose of financing public or private sustainability actions is considered, different segments of the tourism market should be taken into account, since it would not be appropriate to apply the same policy of price increases to all tourists equally.
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Eremenko, Yu A. "World Culture Heritage in sustainable development. The case of Wismar and Stralsund." Moscow State University Bulletin. Series 18. Sociology and Political Science 27, no. 1 (February 26, 2021): 224–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24290/1029-3736-2021-27-1-224-238.
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Gradually realizing the consequences of development related solely to economic growth, modern cities are turning their attention towards the concept of sustainable development. Using the World Heritage Cities of Wismar and Stralsund as an example, this study examines how the concept of sustainable development relates to World Heritage status. This paper aims to identify what is the implementation of the World Cultural Heritage (WCH) protection program in urban policies and the limitations of sustainable development programs related to.The innovation of this research lies in the fact that the article considers how local governments make decisions regarding the implementation of WCH programs or sustainable development programs in cities similar in structure and historical past. The materials for the study are expert interviews with the author’s city administration, local activists, employees of museums and tourist centers, representatives of local businesses. Based on the obtained data, the main directions were identified why the city administration implements the WCH and restricts the sustainable development programs.The study showed that urban policies are formed in a situation where the status of the WCH cannot be considered solely as a benefit to the city. Today, the city administration sees the strategy of implementing the WCH program as more beneficial in the time perspective and implements sustainable development programs only with significant limitations.
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Haji Guliling, Hasnawati, and Yuhanis Abdul Aziz. "Historical Service Quality Assessment of Malaysia’s World Heritage Site." Journal of International Business, Economics and Entrepreneurship 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/jibe.v3i2.14428.
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The tourism sector is experiencing a remarkable constant progress and becoming one of the fastest growing economic sectors globally. In this context, it is interest for the academics and destination marketing organizations to undertake a dedicated study that gives a greater understanding of the concept of satisfaction in enhancing tourists’ loyalty. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the impact of service quality as one of the key antecedents affecting tourists’ satisfaction and loyalty towards selected destinations of the World Heritage Site in Malaysia. To confine the scope of the study, the area of interest focuses on a specific type of city, namely the Heritage City. The historical cities of Melaka and George Town inscribed as UNESCO World Heritage City in Malaysia are chosen in order to gain a comprehensive understanding of the tourists’ attitudes towards heritage city. The sample consists of 450 international and domestic tourists who visited the heritage city. Theoretically, the study contributes to the body of knowledge by emphasizing on key antecedents affecting tourists’ behaviour. Practically, the research findings imply suggestive value to destination marketing planning for Malaysian tourist destinations. At the conclusion, the study makes suggestion of the employment of HISTOQUAL model, which provides a detailed and valuable insight into the service quality assessment of the heritage settings.
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Suryandari, Dwirahmi. "On the Pursue of World Heritage Status: Conservation vs Tourism." Digital Press Social Sciences and Humanities 4 (2020): 00005. http://dx.doi.org/10.29037/digitalpress.44352.
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In the past few years, UNESCO World Heritage status has become more popular in Indonesia. Many cities are trying to get their sites inscribed on this prestigious list. This ambition has made some city governments take major efforts in revitalizing their heritage sites. Semarang with its famous Old Town -formerly a trading hub during the Dutch colonial period, is jumping on the bandwagon. UNESCO World Heritage is based on the 1972 Convention which accompanied by its operational guidelines. This convention set the standards on what kind of site could be listed as a world heritage and how a state party should manage and nominate their property accordingly. Critics have argued that the standards are Eurocentric, both in terms of the site selection and the management. In a developing country like Indonesia, heritage preservation has its own discourse. People were skeptical about the benefit of preserving heritage mainly because it seemed to only entertain the needs of the elites, professionals, and academics. That is why the approach towards heritage preservation in a city like Semarang has shifted to become more populist, which apparently has its backlash. The approach strives to preserve heritage sites and buildings while at the same time provide social and economic advantages for the community through tourism. However, this approach has turned heritage conservation into careless beautification projects that might have gone too far from UNESCO standards for world heritage. This paper will answer why it seems unrealistic to pursue this title considering the ongoing social and economic issues. It will also tell what heritage preservation practice and policy are lacking thus making the site management failed to meet the standards of the 1972 Convention. In a broader sense, this paper will examine what are the odds and challenges for developing countries in nominating their sites as World Heritage, especially in the era of mass tourism.
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Pilkevych, Viktoriia. "Cultural and Natural Sites in China on the UNESCO World Heritage List." Ethnic History of European Nations, no. 68 (2022): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2518-1270.2022.68.13.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The protection and popularization of culture becomes actual because there are danger of wars, armed interventions, natural disasters, large tourist flows, active reconstruction of cities. The preservation of the world heritage is one of the main directions of UNESCO’s activity. Organization adopted Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage in 1972. According this Convention the World Heritage Committee was founded which compiles updates and publishes World Heritage List. China has joined the cooperation work to protect the world heritage of humanity. The state adopted Convention in 1985. The country was a member of the World Heritage Committee (1991–1997, 1999–2005, 2007–2011, 2017–2021). Special attention was given Chinese cultural and natural sites in the UNESCO World Heritage List in article. Today there are 56. They are included in the UNESCO World Heritage List according to criteria. Chinese cultural and natural sites are unique, special, beautiful cultural, natural and mixed sites. Heritage represents the history, philosophy, religion, identity of country. Chine introduces the world to its own culture, draws attention to the problems of heritage protection. The author studies the cooperation between China and UNESCO in the direction of world heritage preservation, which includes different projects, activities, exchange of experience with other countries. Protection, conservation, authenticity, integrity, principles and process of preservation, cultural diversity, reconstruction, management, presentation, tourism management, and training are important problems in relationship between China and UNESCO. Author outlines China’s contribution to the preservation of cultural and natural heritage, measures to improve the protection of sites, activities with other countries to protect world heritage. The perspectives of cooperation between the China and UNESCO of the nomination of new objects to the World Heritage List have been determined.
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Garcia, Gabriela, Aziliz Vandesande, and Koenraad van Balen. "Place attachment and challenges of historic cities." Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development 8, no. 3 (August 20, 2018): 387–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jchmsd-08-2017-0054.
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Purpose The effect of heritage on place attachment is assessed by understanding how people “value” their heritage environment. In addition, the purpose of this paper is to assess the effects of place attachment on residential and investment trends according to two different social groups: local inhabitants and foreign immigrants. Design/methodology/approach A single case study design for Santa Ana de los Ríos de Cuenca including an open-ended survey, combined with Likert-scale analysis. The survey protocol and questions for the respondent groups were structured according to place identity, place dependency and sense of place. Findings The analysis bridges the gap between theory and practice and demonstrates interesting similarities as well as differences between both foreign and local respondent groups in terms of the attributes they consider as cultural heritage and their preferences in terms of residential or investment location choice. The research demonstrates that an increased understanding of place attachment as the link between place dependency and sense of place in a specific location can assist in defining effective built heritage policies in favour of local sustainability. Originality/value The analysis of place attachment in relation to the origin of respondents revealed different perceptions on the role that a heritage environment might play on attracting or influencing displacement of local inhabitants and foreign immigrants. Based on original empirical data collection in Cuenca, Ecuador, this study identified research lines and actions which should be prioritised for improving management of this World Heritage Site.
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Cárdenas-García, Pablo Juan, Juan Ignacio Pulido-Fernández, and Ana Belén Mudarra Fernández. "Direct economic impact of tourism on World Heritage Cities: An approach to measurement in emerging destinations." Czech Journal of Tourism 3, no. 2 (August 1, 2015): 91–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cjot-2014-0005.
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Abstract In 2013, it had been ten years since the World Heritage designation of Úbeda and Baeza. After this time period, there should have been a change in the image of this tourism destination, which should have been translated, according to the literature, into an increase in tourism, and, consequently, into a greater impact of this activity on the economy of both cities. The aim of this work is to evaluate whether the designation of Úbeda and Baeza as World Heritage Cities has led to an increase in the economic impact generated by tourism in these destinations. To do this, the evolution of the main tourism variables of these cities over the last decade has been analysed, concluding that, indeed, there has been an increase in the direct economic impact generated by tourism in these cities, which is mainly explained by an increase in average daily expenditure.
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Lafi, Nora. "World heritage, urban design and tourism. Three cities in the middle east." Planning Perspectives 32, no. 3 (June 6, 2017): 471–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02665433.2017.1329366.
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Wilbert, Chris. "World heritage, urban design and tourism: three cities in the middle east." International Journal of Heritage Studies 23, no. 2 (September 19, 2016): 173–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13527258.2016.1221847.
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Countryman, Cary C. "World Heritage, urban design and tourism: three cities in the Middle East." Journal of Heritage Tourism 11, no. 4 (May 4, 2016): 424–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1743873x.2016.1179872.
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Monsivais, Juan. "La Arqueología Virtual en México." Virtual Archaeology Review 4, no. 8 (November 20, 2015): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/var.2013.4358.
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<p>By working the reconstruction of the 6 cities declared World Heritage by UNESCO, we realized the great value and waste that has had this type of recreation, besides having a didactic contribution on each site, the assumptions made by researchers, would be reflected first well, leaving aside the technical schemes that the public tends to confuse, so these images could show for the first time a lively behind the bare stones.</p>
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García-Soriano, L., V. Cristini, and M. Diodato. "CUENCA (SPAIN), WORLD HERITAGE CITY. ANALYSIS OF VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE AND MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIV-M-1-2020 (July 24, 2020): 529–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliv-m-1-2020-529-2020.
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Abstract. This text presents a study on the city of Cuenca, carried out as part of the Project 3DPast-Living & virtual visiting European World Heritage. Nine case studies were selected within the project, when Cuenca was selected as the Spanish case study. The case studies selected had to be cases of inhabited vernacular architecture in places still preserving the traditional constructive techniques. In addition the selection was expected to cover all of Europe in some way. This is therefore a case study for a city declared World Heritage site, aiming to analyse the characteristics of vernacular architecture which have earned it the title of World Heritage Site (through different analyses and 3D methodologies), such as the management strategies currently used there, learning from those proving successful, and even showing these as an example of management for other World Heritage cities which may be encountering similar problems.
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Logan, William. "Museums, Community Identity and Urban Heritage." Queensland Review 12, no. 1 (January 2005): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1321816600003883.
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At a recent conference of the International Planning History Society, Michael Cohen, formerly of the World Bank, argued that ‘the city is missing in action’: While we, as urbanists, are passionate about our belief in the mysteries and potentialities of the city, and the role of the city in history — past, present, and future — the city is not present in some of the most important debates about the future of the planet. He went on to insist on a major role for cities in national economic and social development, particularly in countries governed within neo-liberal policy frameworks that generally ignore cities other than to see them as the geographical centres of finance and trade. Cohen's argument is that, if we are to improve economic growth rates, reduce poverty and inequality and create safety nets to cushion countries and their peoples from polarisation and other changes being wrought by globalisation, a larger role must be given to cities. The issue, he asserts, is ‘how to support urban economic policies to stimulate and sustain economic multipliers needed to generate employment and incomes’.
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Chan, Rachel Suet Kay. "Cities and Culture:." Asia Proceedings of Social Sciences 4, no. 1 (April 18, 2019): 115–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31580/apss.v4i1.586.
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Research HighlightsIn the quest to develop cities for the long run, the debate is whether to retain elements of culture or to reinvent such spaces for new uses. Cultural heritage preservation thus becomes an issue in urban planning, particularly in developing countries including Malaysia (Mohd Shakir Tamjes et al, 2017). Scholars mention that Kuala Lumpur needs to create a distinctive city identity and image if it is to achieve its bigger goal of becoming a World-Class City by 2020 (Mohamad Asri Ibrahim et al, 2017). A question raised by researchers is whether the policies to safeguard heritage buildings in Kuala Lumpur is comparable to the practices in UNESCO heritage sites such as Malacca and Georgetown (Mohd Shakir Tamjes et al, 2017). Through participant observation, combining focus group discussions, content analysis, photography, and videography, I outline how the preservation of one particular historical building, a Chinese clan association, increases the cultural value of the city’s surroundings in Kuala Lumpur, as well as being a major tourist attraction. This makes the case for the continued retention of historical buildings and practices, despite overarching social changes such as super-diversity (Vertovec, 2007).
Research Objectives
This paper makes the case for preserving a particular heritage building, namely the Chan See Shu Yuen Clan Association Kuala Lumpur & Selangor (CSSYKL), a clan association, pre-war historical site, and tourist attraction.
Methodology
How does the preservation of CSSYKL increase the cultural value of the city’s surroundings in Kuala Lumpur? This research question is answered through fieldwork by the project leader through participant observation which included photography, videography, content analysis of secondary documents, and focus group discussions with clan leaders and members. Photographic evidence is provided to argue for the case of enriching place attachment through the retention of meaning for inhabitants of Kuala Lumpur, due to the special nature it possesses. For example, Monnet (2014) conducted a photoethnography of urban space in the form of a multimedia essay, referring to the “production of data†rather than the “collection of dataâ€. Monnet (2014) explained that images and sounds allow for attentive observation of the smallest details of daily life, and that the ethnographer experientially chooses to interpret and define what should be recorded in their photography - hence the “production of dataâ€. This renders photographic evidence the best form of data for the case of cultural heritage preservation within the urban. Photographs were also harvested from stills captured in Google Maps under the Street View, where the journey was screen captured using Game DVR, a software which comes enclosed with Microsoft Windows 10.
Results
The photographic evidence shows how the preservation of cultural heritage buildings add character to the presence of Kuala Lumpur Chinatown, or Petaling Street. In the case of CSSYKL, it provides the historical elements as well as familiarity given its longstanding association with Kuala Lumpur’s history, and thus evokes the symbolic aesthetic. It provides symbolic aesthetic meaning to the future of Kuala Lumpur’s development and enriches the local cultural expression in league with the Malaysian National Cultural Policy. Ultimately, it guarantees that no matter how developed or industrialised Kuala Lumpur is, what with the move into the Fourth Industrial Revolution and the Internet of Things, there will still be cultural meaning and place attachment resonant within the heart and soul of Kuala Lumpur. Even in the face of super-diversity, the clan association building will still reinvent itself as a place of attachment not only to those of Chinese descent but to all who are interested to appreciate its value.
Findings
Chan See Shu Yuen Clan Association Kuala Lumpur & Selangor (CSSYKL) is one example of a historical building which functioned not only in the past as a community centre for the Chinese who migrated to Malaya in search of economic opportunity, but still retains its functions today as a gateway to maintaining links with Mainland China, especially in the economic dimension. Simultaneously, the heritage building also attracts tourists from all around the world, including those from China and local tourists themselves.
Acknowledgement
This research work is supported by the Ministry of Education of Malaysia under Grant Number FRGS/1/2018/WAB12/UKM/02/1 (Superdiversity Networks: Cantonese Clan Associations in Malaysia as Transnational Social Support System).
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RAJA, SURESHA. "Glimpses of Ancient Indian Town Planning for Building Modern Heritage Cities." Dev Sanskriti Interdisciplinary International Journal 7 (January 31, 2016): 07–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.36018/dsiij.v7i0.71.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Ancient Indians had a good architectural knowledge that is evident from the various temples, palaces, forts and other monuments seen spread all around the country. With vast urban population and pilgrim centers, the knowledge of town planning was to be very effective and the ancient Indians enunciated the rules of town planning in their ancient architectural treatises. Glimpses of these features are also to be found in earlier archaeological finds, texts belonging to the Vedic, Epic and Purānic periods. The features of various cities and town planning aspects dealt in these texts are first briefly described that serve as a model for developing Modern Heritage cities. Since hundred Indian cities are soon going to be developed as ‘Smart-Cities’, it would be apt and imperative to discuss the concept of Heritage-Cities as well. Just as the Smart-Cities would be the torchbearers of future growth; Heritage-Cities connect us to our glorious past. Thus, in this paper, humble efforts are made to identify and recognize the valuable factors that contribute to enhance the charm of Heritage-Cities giving a brief overview of earlier Town planning features from ancient Indian texts. Ancient Indians had a well planned system of building villages, towns, intricate drainage, water supply systems, markets, palaces, households and public spaces that are evident from archeological and literary sources. The features mentioned in Vedic, epic and post-Vedic literature could serve as a model for modern town planning, for harmonious living with nature.
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Castillo, Alicia, and Sonia Menéndez. "Managing Urban Archaeological Heritage: Latin American Case Studies." International Journal of Cultural Property 21, no. 1 (February 2014): 55–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0940739113000313.
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Abstract:This article focuses on the idea that archaeology aids the revaluation of cultural properties within historical centers. At the same time, it holds that the application of the Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage of 1972 should imply the development of best management practices at inscribed sites. The handling of archaeological heritage in three Latin American cities is presented and discussed in this study, through the theoretical assumptions of preventive archaeology for the management of archaeological properties. It examines the different social contexts of World Heritage in these areas and concludes that the traditional vision of World Heritage impedes other historical readings of the past in these places. This conclusion is reached through a proactive vision defending the use of these UNESCO World Heritage Sites to improve management models with high public participation, the use of which should also be considered in the European community. There is, finally, a reminder of the desired objective: the improvement of archaeological management and, consequently, of urban historical discourses, whose outcomes enrich the lives of citizens.
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González-Pérez, Jesús M., and Margarita Novo-Malvárez. "Ibiza (Spain) World Heritage Site: Socio-Urban Processes in a Touristified Space." Sustainability 14, no. 15 (August 3, 2022): 9554. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14159554.
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In recent years, there has been a big shift in analyses of historic centres, with the spotlight turning from the issue of urban degradation and the ageing population to studies of the risks associated with touristification and gentrification. The island of Ibiza is one of the Mediterranean’s leading tourist destinations, and its capital is one of the fifteen Spanish cities declared as World Heritage Sites (UNESCO). This study aimed to explore the touristification of Ibiza’s historic centre (a World Heritage Site). To do so, it explored three interrelated variables, the historic centre’s demographic dynamics, tourist accommodations, and heritage, through an analysis of heritage interventions derived from the UNESCO declaration. The methodology was based on the statistical use of demographic and tourism accommodation data on an inter-urban scale by mapping the main results, as well as on a study of the heritage data from the municipal catalogue. We concluded that the old city is in a state of change, both socially (with a demographic decline and drop in the native population) and culturally. All this reinforces its role as a supplier of complementary tourism services and as a museumized space for sun and sand resorts in the rest of the city and throughout the island.
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Zainol, Rosilawati, Chen Wang, Azlan Shah Ali, Faizah Ahmad, Abdul Wafey Mohd Aripin, and Hafez Salleh. "Pedestrianization and Walkability in a Fast Developing Unesco World Heritage City." Open House International 41, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-01-2016-b0016.
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A walkability friendly environment is crucial in historical towns and cities built with minimal number of motor vehicles. This research aims to assess physical attributes of pedestrianization in Georgetown, Penang, a UNESCO World Heritage Site regarding walkability. A structured interview was conducted among 170 respondents at six different streets to examine citizens' satisfaction on the pedestrian facilities using six walkability features including a) pathway, b) zebra crossing, c) signage, d) personal safety, e) traffic flow and, f) aesthetics & amenities. Relative Importance Index (RII) analysis show that existing pathways do not meet acceptable standards in promoting a walkable environment. Aesthetic and amenities scores the lowest in satisfactory level and zebra crossing scores the highest in unsatisfactory level. The level of walkability in the World Heritage Site in Georgetown, Penang are found inadequate. Provision of physical walking and built heritage features without providing sufficient activities along the streets do not yield high walkability.
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Loza Ibarra, Amparo Gabriela. "Procedimiento para la identificación de actores sociales: custodios del patrimonio cultural inmaterial en ciudades patrimoniales." Pasos. Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural 19, no. 1 (2021): 117–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.25145/j.pasos.2021.19.008.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
World heritage cities’ main heritage is focused on their traditional city centres that represent a significant resource for the local residents. Intangible cultural heritage is particularly important and de‑ mands special attention given its specific characteristics, making it vital for it to be safeguarded within all public policies aimed at protecting while promoting heritage in various different urban contexts. Intangible cultural heritage is a sector that involves multiple actors with different and at times conflicting conflicting interests. IIntangible cultural heritage is a fundamental element of social cohesion but , as such, can give rise to tensions and conflicts. This research proposes a procedural model for identifying stakeholders, custo‑ dians and target audiences
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Esposito, Adèle, and Gabriel Fauveaud. "The atomization of heritage politics in post-colonial cities: The case of Phnom Penh, Cambodia." Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space 37, no. 4 (August 19, 2018): 670–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2399654418790766.
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This paper analyzes the politics of heritage in urban Cambodia. Focusing on the capital, Phnom Penh, we argue that urban heritage is shaped at the intersection of global doctrines and professional knowledge, socioeconomic strategies at the national and local scales, real estate developments, and contextual institutional practices. We propose the concept “atomization of heritage politics” to explain the fragmentary and tentacular power relations that determine how built heritage is managed or destroyed. Drawing on heritage literature on Southeast Asian cities, we first argue that academic writers underestimate the role of land issues and localized power relations in shaping urban heritage politics. We contextualize the rise of heritage concerns in Cambodia. Since colonial times heritage strategies have focused on the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Angkor, with urban heritage being of only peripheral concern. Second, we explain how proposals made by international development partners for an overall heritage policy failed, as they conflicted with the rationality of land and power relations, leaving foreign consultants to renegotiate their position in Cambodian politics. Finally, we explore two case studies—the National Stadium and the Renakse Hotel—at the center of virulent, long-lasting political clashes between various forces that took root during the reconstruction of the Cambodian state in the 1980s and 1990s. Together with powerful individuals, families, and companies, the competition and tactical alliances between these forces shape the contested politics of urban heritage in the Cambodian capital.
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Connolly, Creighton. "Worlding cities through transportation infrastructure." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 51, no. 3 (September 18, 2018): 617–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308518x18801020.
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This paper engages with emerging literature on worlding cities in analysing the contested ways in which mid-sized cities attempt to ‘globalize’ through the redevelopment of urban infrastructure, and in particular, transportation infrastructure. The paper focuses specifically on the World Heritage City of Penang, Malaysia and critically examines controversies over the extensive urban redevelopment and regeneration projects that have emerged since 2012. In particular, it examines the ambitious Penang Transport Master Plan (PTMP), which has posed considerable implications for the city’s heritage landscapes, but also several socio-environmental impacts. The paper analyses the state government’s vision for the PTMP, before turning to an alternative strategy and critique of this plan put forth by local civil society organizations. As I demonstrate, both plans make use of worlding strategies in ‘selling’ their particular vision for the city’s future, but the ways they do so are markedly different. In reviewing this case, the paper challenges the conceptualization of inter-referencing and urban modelling practices as it is currently documented in the literature on worlding cities. What is novel in Penang is the way local stakeholders identify comparable cities outside of the Global North as models to follow, rather than established mega- or ‘world’ cities, which act as more realistic reference points. In doing so, the paper highlights key technologies of governance that are being used to counter the neoliberal worlding strategies put forth by city managers.
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Hammouda, Kareem Nabil. "Heritage as a Key Element of Cities and Destinations Branding." Academic Research Community publication 3, no. 4 (May 27, 2019): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/archive.v3i4.536.
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Today, in a globalized connected world, Nations, cities, destinations are in a continuous competition with international rivals to define their place and value among others. It’s no longer valid for cities to stand still in such competition, depending on their basic momentum of their resources to position themselves in such global contest. Branding is an essential part of the economic sustainable development of a city and marketing it as a destination for tourism.Heritage plays a central role in creating destination brand, as heritage, with its tangible and intangible qualities is a prime factor in brand creation. This paper will be discussing the role of the heritage in its brand creation in its symbolic and identity inherits. This will be executed by exploring the definitions and strategies of destination branding, its elements and means to create such brand and the contemporary means the heritage is presented on the online space.
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Gawel, Dariusz. "New urban spaces - their heritage and creation." Budownictwo i Architektura 18, no. 3 (January 24, 2020): 083–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.902.
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The paper presents the subject of creating and shaping new urban spaces in the era of globalisation. The analysis of these spatial phenomena covers the biggest cities in the world, i.e. places where the problems of urban development occurs most often. The term ‘urban space’ is understood as a broad concept that goes beyond the defined public space. New places created in the cities are the human creations resulting from the life necessities and the cultural needs of people. The fast-changing living environment forces users to engage in the process of searching (sometimes even creating) of new, adequate places. Spatial activities transforming the urban environment more and more often reflect the local social initiatives’ activity. New relations between a user and the surrounding space are the basis for reviewing the existing division and definition of private, group and public space.
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Marsh, Elizabeth A. "The effects of cruise ship tourism in coastal heritage cities." Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development 2, no. 2 (October 26, 2012): 190–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/20441261211273662.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the introduction of cruise ship tourism into historic urban centers, and the mitigation policies that can be implemented to encourage sustainable development of this relationship.Design/methodology/approachThe paper focuses on the unique aspects of cruise tourism that differentiate it from other forms of mass tourism. Using the specific example of Charleston, South Carolina, it explores the difficulties that cruise tourism present to local residents and policymakers. It looks at different mitigation policies that have previously been implemented in cruise destinations around the world, and analyzes which have been the most effective.FindingsCruise ship tourism is the fastest growing segment of the tourism industry, and it is an issue that many coastal heritage destinations will soon face. Uncontrolled tourism from cruise ships is unsustainable, and strong government intervention is needed to maintain heritage cities.Originality/valueThis paper provides compelling evidence that cruise ship tourism presents an immediate threat to sustainable tourism in urban heritage centers, and provides policy recommendations for lawmakers.