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1
Gillooly, Eileen, Nancy Walker, Zita Dresner, Regina Barreca, Candace Lang, and Linda A. Morris. "Women and Humor." Feminist Studies 17, no. 3 (1991): 472. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3178286.
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Murison, Justine S. "Women, Taste, Humor." Leviathan 21, no. 3 (2019): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lvn.2019.0044.
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Hermawan, Ferry Fauzi, Dana Waskita, and Tri Sulistyaningtyas. "BAHASA, TUBUH, DAN PARADIGMA PATRIARKI DALAM HUMOR KONTEMPORER INDONESIA." Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra 17, no. 1 (June 8, 2017): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/bs_jpbsp.v17i1.6955.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study aims to analyze the construction of women in Indonesia humors that appear through the application of whatsapp conversation. This analysis is based on the opinion of Crawford (2003) and Sen (2012) about gender relations, linguistics, and humors. The focus of the study is the use of indeksial meaning and polysemy in constructing a humorous story in women. After the analysis, it was found that humors developing in the application media of whatsapp conversation tended to perpetuate sexist patriarchal values such as portraying women as a highly compliant and passive. In terms of the structure, most of the humors used several techniques of misalignment to cause the value of humor in the reader's mind. Most of the female figures appeared to be in the private or domestic space. In addition, the data show that most of the humors used figurative polysemy, especially in describing sexual activities. In this case, the women were always associated with inanimate objects, such as in describing sexual activities or woman genitals. The indeksial meanings of the language used were always based on the paradigm and the interests of men that are in line with patriarchal values. This eventually led to symbolic violence on women.Keywords: humors, polysemy, symbolic violence, women
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Anam, Khoirul, Rusdhianti Wuryaningrum, and Ahmad Syukron. "Wacana Humor dalam Bajigur TV." Alinea: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajaran 9, no. 2 (October 31, 2020): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.35194/alinea.v9i2.1001.
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Kajian dalam artikel ini terdiri atas empat rumusan yaitu bagaimanakah wujud wacana humor, bagaimanakah prinsip humor, bagaimanakah teknik humor, dan bagaimanakah pemanfaatan WHBTV untuk materi ajar menulis teks anekdot. Penelitian dilaksanakan menggunakan rancangan penelitian kualitatif-etnografi berbahasa dengan pendekatan analisis wacana. Hasil yang ditemukan berwujud wacana ejekan terhadap pekerjaan, penyebab emosi, memanfaatkan kesusahan, tawaran mengecewakan, tipuan, menggoda wanita, melebih-lebihkan hal sepele, memberikan alasan berubah-ubah, menjelaskan hal unik tidak masuk akal, olokan tertentu, dan dugaan salah. Prinsip humor pada wacana ini berupa prinsip kesepakatan berhumor, menggunakan tuturan yang berlebihan, penyampaian kritikan, dan menggunakan kata-kata brutal dalam batas kesopanan. Teknik humor dalam yang digunakan berupa bahasa yang menghasikan humor lewat kata-kata, logika memunculkan efek humor dari hasil pemikiran pemain, dan identitas berupa kekhasan berhumor pemain.Katakunci: anekdot, humor, teknik humorAbstract:The article discusses four research questions including how is the form, the principle and the technique of humour, and how the use of WHBTV for teaching materials to write anecdotal texts. The study was conducted using a qualitative-ethnographic language research design with a discourse analysis approach. The results were found in the form of discourses on ridicule of work, emotional causes, taking advantage of distress, disappointing offers, tricks, flirting with women, exaggerating trivial things, giving fluctuating reasons, explaining unique things that don't make sense, certain ridicule, and wrong allegations. The principle of humour in this discourse is in the form of the principle of agreement with humour, using excessive speech, conveying criticism, and using brutal words within the limits of politeness. The internal humour technique used is in the form of language that produces humour through words, logic creates a humorous effect from the results of the players' thoughts, and identity in the form of player humour.Keywords: anecdotes, humor, humor techniques
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Schiau, Ioana. "Women Gossip and Men Brag: Perceived Gender Differences in the Use of Humor by Romanian Older Women." Romanian Journal of Communication and Public Relations 19, no. 1 (April 1, 2017): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21018/rjcpr.2017.1.231.
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The present study investigates perceived gender differences in the producion and social use of humor in the interpersonal communication of Romanian older women, aged 60 and above. The study is a qualitative investigation, based on semi-structured interviews. The aim was to understand the perceptions and motivations that women have when using humor in social interactions, and to explore the functions that humor serves in their day-to-day communication. A previous quantitative investigation found statistically significant gender differences between Romanian older men and women on a sense of humor scale, and suggested that the use of humor in interpersonal communication had stronger social benefits for women (Schiau, 2016a). Drawing on these findings, and keeping in mind other studies that discuss the different use of humor by men and women, this study aims to investigate specific gender differences in the production of humor, as perceived by the participants.
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Moake, Timothy R., and Christopher Robert. "Gender, formal organizational status and humor use: perceptions of social acceptance." Journal of Managerial Psychology 37, no. 4 (December 10, 2021): 332–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmp-11-2020-0593.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
PurposeHumor can be a useful tool in the workplace, but it remains unclear whether humor used by men versus women is perceived similarly due to social role expectations. This paper explored whether female humorists have less social latitude in their use of aggressive and affiliative humor in the workplace. This paper also examined how formal organizational status and the target's gender can impact audience perceptions.Design/methodology/approachTwo scenario-based studies were conducted where participants rated the foolishness of the humorist. For Study 1, participants responded to a scenario with an aggressive, humorous comment. For Study 2, participants responded to a scenario with an affiliative, humorous comment.FindingsResults suggested that high-status female humorists who used aggressive humor with low-status women were viewed as less foolish than low-status female humorists who used aggressive humor with low-status women. Conversely, status did not impact perceptions of male humorists who used aggressive humor with low-status women. Results also indicated that high-status women who used affiliative humor were viewed as less foolish when their humor was directed toward low-status men versus low-status women. Conversely, no differences existed for high-status men who used affiliative humor with low-status men and women.Practical implicationsNarrower social role expectations for women suggest that interpersonal humor can be a riskier strategy for women.Originality/valueThis study suggests that women have less social latitude in their use of humor at work, and that organizational status and target gender influence perceptions of female humorists.
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Vitulli, William F., and Deborah L. Parman. "Elderly Persons' Perceptions of Humor as a Gender-Linked Characteristic." Psychological Reports 78, no. 1 (February 1996): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1996.78.1.83.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Attitudes toward the role that humor is supposed to play in the repertoires of men and women may explain the extent to which elderly people avail themselves of humor's potential benefits. 96 volunteers consisting of 24 men (ages 59–90 years) and 72 women (ages 51–93 years) responded to Vitulli's Humor Rating Scale. The rating scale measured attitudes toward male-oriented humor, female-oriented humor, general humor values, and an index of “differentiation of humor by gender.” A 2 × 2 factorial (split-plot) analysis of variance suggested a possible interaction between gender of participant and gender-oriented scales. Elderly men and women agreed on “general humor values,” and they both rated humor as an important quality for men on the male-oriented rating scale, yet a post hoc Scheffé test showed a significant gender effect on the female-oriented rating scale. Elderly women perceived humor as an important quality for women, whereas elderly men did not. Cohort effects and social situations in senior citizens' living complexes may account for some of the findings.
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Myers, Scott A., Barbara Lorene Ropog, and R. Pierre Rodgers. "Sex Differences in Humor." Psychological Reports 81, no. 1 (August 1997): 221–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1997.81.1.221.
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This study examined how 48 men and 88 women at a small southern university differed in their orientation toward and their uses of humor. They completed two self-report scales with reference to their general use of humor. Analysis indicated that the men reported a greater frequency of attempts at humor than women; men perceived these attempts as more effective than did the women; and the men reported using humor for negative affect more often than women.
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Sillars, Angela A., Christina Nicolaides, Alexander Karan, Robert Wright, Megan L. Robbins, and Elizabeth L. Davis. "Gender differences in the associations of reappraisal and humor styles." HUMOR 33, no. 2 (May 27, 2020): 317–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/humor-2019-0016.
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AbstractReappraisal is an effective emotion regulation strategy that draws on cognitive processes–like changing one’s thoughts to change one’s feelings–that are similar to those implicated in humor. Yet, very little is known about the links between the dispositional tendency to use reappraisal and individuals’ humor styles (e. g. aggressive, affiliative, self-deprecating, self-enhancing). Importantly, there are gender differences both in emotion regulatory processes and in the use of humor styles. We examined gender differences in reported use of humor styles, the associations between reappraisal and humor styles, and whether gender moderated those associations. Participants (N=250) were recruited through Amazon Mechanical Turk and self-reported their dispositional use of reappraisal and four humor styles. Men reported greater use of aggressive humor compared to women. Dispositional use of reappraisal was positively associated with self-enhancing humor. In addition, reappraisal use was positively related to greater use of affiliative humor, and this association was stronger for men than women. For men, greater use of reappraisal was associated with greater use of self-defeating humor, but reappraisal was negatively associated with self-defeating humor for women. Findings extend insight from prior work and suggest that both reappraisal and specific ways of using humor draw on aspects of self-regulatory competence rooted in cognitive change abilities, and the patterns of association differ in interesting ways for men and women.
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Lawless, Tiffany J., Conor J. O’Dea, Stuart S. Miller, and Donald A. Saucier. "Is it really just a joke? Gender differences in perceptions of sexist humor." HUMOR 33, no. 2 (May 27, 2020): 291–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/humor-2019-0033.
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AbstractBenign violation theory suggests humor mocking normative values is funny if the humor is non-threatening. Research suggests sexism toward women (versus men) is particularly threatening due to inequalities in social power. In Study 1, we examined whether men and women differ in how amused and offended they were by sexist humor. We predicted men would perceive sexist humor as more funny and less offensive than women would. In Study 2, we examined whether perceptions of threat were related to perceptions of sexist jokes. We predicted women would perceive more threat than men from sexist humor, which would lead to lower amusement and greater perceived offensiveness. Across both studies, jokes targeting women were perceived to be less funny, more offensive, and more sexist than jokes targeting men. Additionally, greater perceptions of threat were related to greater perceptions of jokes as offensive and sexist. However, women were not more threatened than men by sexist jokes. While these findings were not entirely consistent with our hypotheses, our findings suggest disparagement humor targeting lower-status groups is perceived more negatively than disparagement humor targeting higher-status groups and these perceptions may be inextricably rooted in threat posed to lower-status groups.
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Chavez, Jason V., Daisy D. Lamorinas, and Collin C. Ceneciro. "Message patterns of online gender-based humor, discriminatory practices, biases, stereotyping, and disempowering tools through discourse analysis." Forum for Linguistic Studies 5, no. 2 (July 19, 2023): 1535. http://dx.doi.org/10.59400/fls.v5i2.1535.
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This study explored the message patterns of gender-based humor in social media in different layers of discriminatory practices against certain genders, language biases against women and LGBT including elements of stereotyping and disempowering tools against the personal images of subordinate genders. This research used discourse analysis based on the mapped-out online posts and comments of the fourteen (14) profiles of individuals and extracted their important testimonies based on the collected online gender-based humor to elicit the message patterns. Gender-based humor online enhanced the language use in creating messages that express biases towards women and the LGBT. Humor has both implicit and explicit messages that stereotype women and LGBT as weak and slow. These senses of humor also disempower the women and LGBT’s personal images as groups who are easily dominated or are cowards. As asserted, gender-based humor posed a threat to community as it highlights hierarchy-enhancing social roles. Gender-based humor in social media appeared as a mainstreamed form of social differentiation.
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Yavuz Görkem, Şenay. "Humor of the intimate: Female humor and women policies in Turkey." European Journal of Humour Research 6, no. 2 (June 23, 2018): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.7592/ejhr2018.6.2.274.gorkem.
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This study focuses on the women policies of the Turkish government and the female humour that is created in response to these policies. A humour magazine is used as the main source since this specific magazine, which is named Bayan Yanı (The Seat Next to a Lady), has the privilege of being the only humour magazine created solely by female caricaturists and writers in Turkey. Six samples of female humour related to intimate matters are selected purposefully from 16 issues of this magazine published between January 2015 and June 2016 and analysed in content, tone, and function. The aim is to develop an understanding on female humour, especially the humour of the intimate, created to lead the public to question the effectiveness of political decisions and practices related to women policies.
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Pasaribu, Truly Almendo, and A. Effendi Kadarisman. "CODING LOGICAL MECHANISM AND STEREOTYPING IN GENDER CYBER HUMORS." Celt: A Journal of Culture, English Language Teaching & Literature 16, no. 1 (July 20, 2016): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.24167/celt.v16i1.485.
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Gender-related humors have their own way of being funny; and this research aims to find out how and why they are funny. For this purpose, both researchers have collected 50 gender cyber humors and analyzed them, first, to decode how their logical mechanism relates to specific linguistic features, and secondly, to uncover how gender stereotyping contributes to the comical effects. The twisting of logic and linguistic ambiguity is analyzed formally using Attardos (2001) General Theory of Verbal Humor (GTVH) and supported by gender studies. The findings reveal that the logical mechanism consists of elements of incongruities, and gender stereotyping presents negative stereotypical images. The analysis further shows that some gender stereotypical images ridicule traditional roles of man and woman while others make fun of non-traditional representations. This shift from women only to both men and women as targets of gender humors has been an impact of effective feminist movements.
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Vitulli, William F., and Kimberly E. Tyler. "Sex-Related Attitudes toward Humor among High-School and College Students." Psychological Reports 63, no. 2 (October 1988): 616–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1988.63.2.616.
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This exploratory study describes comparisons of high-school and college men and women regarding attitudes toward the “importance” of humor in their lives. 45 high-school students and 33 college students volunteered to complete Vitulli's Humor Rating Scale. This Likert-type scale has 12 items dealing with varying opinions regarding the importance of humor for men and women. Four subscales measured general humor appreciation, male-oriented humor, female-oriented humor, and differentiation of humor by sex, respectively. Results from a 2 × 2 × 4 factorial (mixed) design yielded a significant difference between high-school and college groups. Scheffé tests of multiple comparisons gave significant differences between high-school males and college males regarding male-oriented humor and between high-school males and high-school females regarding male-oriented humor. There were no significant differences between college males and college females regarding male- or female-oriented humor. These data are explained in terms of “androgynous” social conditioning.
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Mazurkiewicz, Natalia, Mariusz Lipowski, Jarosław Krefta, and Małgorzata Lipowska. "“Better If They Laugh with Me than at Me”: The Role of Humor in Coping with Obesity-Related Stigma in Women." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 15 (July 28, 2021): 7974. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18157974.
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This study investigated the role of perceived stigmatization in the relationship between humor styles and coping with stress among young women suffering from stigma due to obesity. In the 21st century, obesity is an increasing global health issue with many physical and mental consequences for obese women. As a chronic stigmatizing disease, it requires that the affected individuals cope with social consequences; women with obesity are more prone to such consequences than men. Humor fosters the breaking of stereotypes and alleviating the consequences of stigmatization. A total of 127 young adult women (age M = 25.74, SD = 2.73) participated in the study (n = 54 with overfat and n = 73 with healthy fat). Participants filled out the Humor Styles Questionnaire, Perceived Stigmatization Questionnaire, and the Brief COPE Scale. Anthropometric data were gathered using a body composition analyzer. Results indicate that, when perceiving hostile behaviors toward themselves and using humor as a coping strategy, women with overfat select maladaptive styles of humor (i.e., self-defeating and aggressive styles). Women with overfat were also more likely to use humor as a coping strategy in difficult situations. Furthermore, none of the participants were satisfied with their body mass. At the same time, among women without obesity, a lack of compliments was not treated as a problem, even if they had high body fat.
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Karahan, T. Fikret, B. Murat Yalcin, Melda M. Erbas, and Seda Ergun. "The relationship between the dominant humor style, emotional intelligence, and problem-solving skills in trainee teachers in Turkey." HUMOR 32, no. 1 (February 25, 2019): 73–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/humor-2017-0083.
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AbstractWe investigated the relation between humor styles used by 1456 volunteer trainee teachers and their emotional intelligence and problem-solving skills. The participants completed the Humor Styles Questionnaire (HQS), Revised Schutte Emotional Intelligence Test (R-SSEIT) and Problem-Solving Inventory (PSI). The highest-scoring HQS subscale for each participant was taken as the index HQS subscale and the two adaptive HQS subscale (affiliative and self-enhancing) scores and two maladaptive HQS subscale (aggressive and self-defeating) scores were added together in order to calculate each participant’s preferred total adaptive and maladaptive reflective humor style scores. Based on this score, every participant was identified as a maladaptive or adaptive reflective humor user. Women had better PSI and R-SSEIT scores compared to men (p<0.001). The highest index HQS subscales were aggressive humor (234, 36.6%) for men and affiliative humor (334, 40.9%) for women participants. Five hundred fifty women (67.4%) and 264 men (32.4%) were identified as adaptive humor dominant (x2=49.757, p<0.001). Adaptive humor styles (affiliative r=0.293, and self-enhancing r=0.263) were positively correlated with EI, while there was a negative relation between maladaptive humor styles (aggressive r=−0.294, and self-defeating r=−0.273) and EI. Affiliative humor and self-enhancing humor were positively correlated with problem-solving skills whereas aggressive humor and self-defeating humor were negatively correlated with problem-solving skills. The adaptive humor styles (affiliative r=−0.429, and self-enhancing r=−0.365) were negatively correlated with PSI, and positively correlated with maladaptive humor styles (aggressive r=0.426, and self-defeating r=0.323). At linear regression analysis, it was confirmed that humor styles were in correlation with EI and PSI. At binary logistic regression analysis, female gender (OR=1.9), and possessing higher levels of problem-solving skills (OR=1.058) and EI (OR=1.011) were identified as independent factors for using adaptive dominant humor styles.
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Sullivan, Nikki. "Being, Thinking, Writing 'With'." Cultural Studies Review 9, no. 1 (September 13, 2013): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/csr.v9i1.3583.
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Once upon a time there were three women: they were known as ‘the woman in black’, ‘the grey-haired woman with the well-developed sense of humor’ and ‘the rather quiet woman with the capacity to shock’. These women, who had known each other for quite some time, were all physicists. They were also friends. As physicists, the woman in black, the grey-haired woman with the well-developed sense of humour and the rather quiet woman with the capacity to shock had learned, and now shared, ‘a specific vocabulary, grammar and rhetoric’. They knew what could count as a scientific observation, ‘what standards of accuracy in determining observations [were] possible, how the words of common language [were] restricted and refined for use in [their particular] scientific discipline’. They knew how to tell the ‘truth’. Rational knowledge and empirical evidence were no strangers to these women who were well versed in what could count as an argument. Consequently, it was said by some that these women constituted a microcosmic rational community.
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Romero-Sánchez, Mónica, Hugo Carretero-Dios, Jesús L. Megías, Miguel Moya, and Thomas E. Ford. "Sexist Humor and Rape Proclivity: The Moderating Role of Joke Teller Gender and Severity of Sexual Assault." Violence Against Women 23, no. 8 (July 6, 2016): 951–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077801216654017.
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Three experiments examined the effect of sexist humor on men’s self-reported rape proclivity (RP). Pilot study demonstrated that people differentiate the five rape scenarios of Bohner et al.’s. RP Scale based on the degree of physical violence perpetrated against the victim. Experiment 1 demonstrated that men higher in hostile sexism report greater RP upon exposure to sexist jokes when a woman (vs. a man) delivers them, and that this effect is limited to rape scenarios depicting a moderate versus a high level of physical violence. Experiment 2 further demonstrated that the relationship between hostile sexism and rape proclivity in response to a moderately violent rape scenario after exposure to sexist humor generalizes beyond women in the immediate humor context to women as a whole.
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Kennison, Shelia M., and Rachel H. Messer. "Humor as social risk-taking: The relationships among humor styles, sensation-seeking, and use of curse words." HUMOR 32, no. 1 (February 25, 2019): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/humor-2017-0032.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The research investigated the view that using humor can be a form of social risk-taking, as the attempt at humor may not always be viewed positively by others. Prior research has shown that individuals’ levels of sensation-seeking, a personality variable related to risk-taking, was related to humor appreciation. Other research has shown that sensation-seeking also predicted the use of curse words, another form of verbal risk-taking. The present research tested two hypotheses: a) sensation-seeking positively relates to each of the four humor styles and b) the use of curse words also positively relates to each of the four humor styles. The results obtained from a large sample of undergraduate students partially supported the hypotheses. Multiple regression analyses using the hierarchical approach further showed that sensation-seeking predicted two of the four humor styles for men (i.e. affiliative, aggressive) and two of the four for women (i.e. aggressive and self-defeating). The use of curse words predicted variance not explained by variation in sensation-seeking in the use of the aggressive humor style in men and women and for the affiliative humor style only for men. Overall, men reported higher levels of aggressive humor, sensation-seeking, and cursing than women. Implications for theoretical perspectives on humor and social risk-taking are discussed.
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Prerost, Frank J. "Humor Preferences among Angered Males and Females: Associations with Humor Content and Sexual Desire." Psychological Reports 77, no. 1 (August 1995): 227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1995.77.1.227.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Previous research has indicated a connection between the appreciation of different content types of humor and the effectiveness of laughter to reduce a hostile mood. Although a person's state of arousal can influence the preferences shown for a particular type of humor, little research has examined how sexual desire may contribute to preferences for humor. Anger was experimentally induced in 180 men and 180 women who had noted sexual desire before exposure to humor with sexual, sexist, and neutral content. Assessment of appreciation scores showed that angered men and women preferred sexual and sexist humor when they reported high sexual desire. Mood assessment indicated this appreciation related to the removal of anger and the reporting of a happy state with low ratings of sexual desire. Participants preferred neutral humor and showed least appreciation of sexist humor. Also, they did not enjoy a reduction in their hostile mood following exposure to humor.
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Marlowe, Leigh. "A Sense of Humor." Imagination, Cognition and Personality 4, no. 3 (March 1985): 265–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/y474-q5n3-64rg-5k02.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Each major behavior science has a variety of distinct perspectives on our species' capacity for humor. Some psychological, sociological, and anthropological approaches are explained in this article. No theory accounting for or method of studying humor has gained a plurality of adherents in any of these disciplines. This article presents a social psychological analysis, emphasizing the interpersonal and intergroup functions of humor production, expression, and appreciation, with particular attention to gender-based socialization of language and its individual and social consequences. Historical and contemporary examples of women in humor are discussed, in addition to implications of feminist humor for future relations between women and men.
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Vitulli, William F. "Humor and Gender Roles: Does Age Make a Difference?" Psychological Reports 97, no. 1 (August 2005): 167–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.97.1.167-168.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Crawford's analysis in 2003 suggests that humor interacts with gender so that traditional social norms of femininity and masculinity may be reinforced or diminished. Yet age as a covariate was not considered. Assessment of the attitudes toward humor among 72 older women ( M = 72.0, SD = 9.8, range = 51–93 years) and 24 older men ( M = 69.8, SD = 6.8, range = 59–90 years) in 1996 by Vitulli and Parman suggest ratings on a Likert-type scale (anchored by 5: strongly agree and 1: strongly disagree) in which humor and gender interact. Moreover, a post hoc Scheffé test showed a significant sex effect on the female-oriented scale. Older women perceived humor as an important quality for women, whereas older men did not. Generational differences among studies on humor and sex underscore the need for contemporary research inclusive of age measures.
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Wang, Valerie L., Yong Wang, Jack Gault, and Miguel A. Baeza. "Cultural Insights Into Social Dating Ad Humor Styles." International Journal of Social Media and Online Communities 13, no. 2 (July 2021): 44–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsmoc.2021070103.
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The objective of this study is to compare Hispanic and Caucasian Generation Y women's social dating ad humor styles using theoretical paradigms related to cultural norms, gender role, and education. Content analysis is performed on 400 dating ads collected in an interactive digital dating app. The results show that young Hispanic and Caucasian women share the same frequency and some similar patterns in the use of humor in social dating. In spite of the non-significant results on cultural differences, education significantly influences dating ad humor styles of young women, as those with less education tend to use negative ad humor styles more often, and those with more education use a greater amount of positive humor. The findings offer insights into how humor is used by diverse consumers in social media and C2C advertising.
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Wang, Rongbin, and Yaoqin Xue. "The Elicitation of Verbal Humor in Total Women: Conversational Implicature and Relevance." International Journal of English Linguistics 8, no. 6 (July 29, 2018): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v8n6p61.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This research examines how conversational implicature and relevance in communication contribute to the elicitation of verbal humor in Total Women, and it discusses whether the pragmatic theoretical analysis of verbal humor can eventually be induced to a hierarchical two-stage processing like Incongruity-resolution. It is shown that (1) The fun-making character Fannie’s statements which flouted different maxims of conversation all built up and led to the elicitation of verbal humor; (2) Relevance-eliciting verbal humor resembled to Incongruity-resolution with the oppositeness between the first interpretation and the retrieved one communicating the presumption of optimal relevance on the one hand and the humorous inference on the other hand.
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Johnson, A. Michael. "Language Ability and Sex Affect Humor Appreciation." Perceptual and Motor Skills 75, no. 2 (October 1992): 571–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1992.75.2.571.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Subjects (63 men and 63 women) completed a humor appreciation scale and 20 trials on a word-recognition task using a divided visual field. Factor analysis extracted eight factors from the humor scale most of which differentiated subjects on the basis of liking for various humorous contents including disparagement and nonsense humor. Subsequent analyses showed that greater liking for specific types of humor was associated with basic language abilities. The results also support sex differences in humor preferences and Freud's tripartite taxonomy of humor contents.
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Hira Siddique and Muhammad Rizwan Safdar. "Laughing on Caste, Women Bodies and Skin Color." Khaldunia - Journal of Social Sciences 4, no. 1 (June 26, 2024): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.36755/khaldunia.v4i1.103.
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Punjabi stage dramas are a popular form of entertainment in Punjab and share a close relationship with the Punjabi people as they represent the culture and values of this region. However, these Punjabi stage dramas have become a platform thriving on humiliation, body shaming, misogyny, and eroticism. The present research focuses on finding the major types of dark humor present in Punjabi stage dramas. Also, it focuses on analyzing how the use of dark humor challenges people’s self-esteem, and body image and how it humiliates the basic institution of marriage. This research made use of qualitative content analysis as a research design and carefully observed the episodes of stage dramas available on social media until reaching the point of saturation. After thematic analysis, the results of the study yielded five major themes that determined the major types of dark humor. The themes included prejudice based on caste, dark skin color, and appearance. Moreover urban supremacy and rural prejudice were also found to be present in the stage dramas. The present research, being the first-ever study to be conducted in this field, explains the phenomenon under study from a cultural lens and also aims to contribute to the literature by providing a base for future studies in the field of sociology of humor.
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McClure, Laura. "Women and Humor in Classical Greece (review)." American Journal of Philology 125, no. 4 (2004): 615–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ajp.2005.0008.
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Eisenman, Russell. "Using Humor in Psychotherapy with a Sex Offender." Psychological Reports 71, no. 3 (December 1992): 994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1992.71.3.1089.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Humor was used during psychotherapy with a 22-year-old child molester. The humor appeared to help establish rapport and led to his admission of desires to rape and torture adult women. Here exchange of humor seemed to be a helpful adjunct to psychotherapy.
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Sumadi, Sumadi. "ISLAM DAN SEKSUALITAS: BIAS GENDER DALAM HUMOR PESANTREN." El-HARAKAH (TERAKREDITASI) 19, no. 1 (May 15, 2017): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/el.v19i1.3914.
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<p>Humor becomes an important part in institutionalizing the culture of pesantren. Yet, the humor in pesantren often ignores the values that respect gender equality. Understanding Islam pesantren patriarchy becomes the root for establishing the themes of humor that exploit women’s bodies and sexuality. Study of humor and sexuality in pesantren in Indonesia are still unnoticed. This study used a qualitative research approach with a feminist analysis in pesantren Priangan West Java. The results of this study showed that Islam patriarchy in pesantren institutionalized within the themes of humor created by kiai, teachers, and students in pesantren. As the implication, humor in pesantren contains the values and ideology of gender bias in the form of stereotyping, objectification, and the domestication of women. Dominant objects in pesantren humor are the body and female sexuality. The body becomes the center of worship and praise despite the epicenter definition, identity, and control on women by men.</p><p>Humor menjadi bagian penting dalam pelembagaan budaya pesantren. Akan tetapi humor-humor di pesantren sering mengabaikan nilai-nilai yang menghargai kesetaraan gender. Pemahaman Islam pesantren yang patriarki menjadi akar pembentukan tema-tema humor yang mengeksploitasi tubuh dan seksualitas perempuan. Kajian humor dan seksualitas di lingkungan pesantren di Indonesia termasuk yang luput dari perhatian. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif dengan analisis feminis di pesantren Priangan Jawa Barat. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa patriarkisme Islam pesantren terlembagakan dalam tema-tema humor yang dibuat kiai, guru, dan santri di pesantren. Implikasinya humor-humor di lingkungan pesantren mengandung tata nilai dan ideologi bias gender berupa stereotip, objektifikasi, dan domestifikasi perempuan. Objek yang dominan humor di pesantren yaitu tubuh dan seksualitas perempuan. Tubuh menjadi pusat puja dan puji, tetapi menjadi episentrum pendefinisian, pemberian identitas, dan kontrol pada perempuan yang dilakukan laki-laki.</p>
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Fuchs Abrams, Sabrina. "The Power of Laughter: Jessie Redmon Fauset and the Racial and Gender Politics of Humor." Studies in American Humor 8, no. 2 (September 1, 2022): 360–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/studamerhumor.8.2.0360.
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ABSTRACT Humor by African American women writers has been largely overlooked and undervalued owing in part to the misguided expectation of feminine, subordinate behavior that precludes the expression of aggression and irreverence associated with humor. This article reappraises Jessie Redmon Fauset’s reputation as a sentimental, bourgeois female writer, looking at how she uses irony and satire to challenge racial and gender stereotypes and become a pioneering female humorist of the Harlem Renaissance. In her essay “The Gift of Laughter” and her best-known novel, Plum Bun (1928), Fauset uses humor as an indirect form of social protest to subvert racial and gender stereotypes of the New Woman and the New Negro Woman and to unsettle bourgeois, sentimental conventions of the marriage plot and the passing plot. Through a reframing of Fauset’s novel in light of recent theories of Black feminist humor, this article helps to restore Fauset’s rightful place among the leading and lasting voices of the Harlem Renaissance.
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Ohlsson, Maria. "Skämt, makt och myter - humor i genusperspektiv." Tidskrift för genusvetenskap 20, no. 2 (June 16, 2022): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.55870/tgv.v20i2.4474.
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This article explores humour from a gender perspective, starting from the notion that the relationship between gender and humour can be analyzed at all levels of the gender system. Three issues are discussed: how women and men make jokes, how we joke about women and men and the myth that women lack a sense of humour. Studies of gendered jokes have shown that jokes can have the effect of creating boundaries between groups by reinforcing populär assumptions and beliefs, e.g. that women always chat and gossip. Humour, however, can also be used to subvert sexism. But the fact that women are often the butt of gendered jokes can explain why women do not always appreciate such jokes. This in turn can reinforce the stereotype of the humourless female. Joking as well as the jokes themselves reflect both power relations and cultural codes. Men more often have a position of power and power and status influence who can initiate a joke in a certain situation and also affect the reception of the joke. Professional women can find it hard to get heard in public, which is probably why it is more important for women to appear competent and worth listening to than to be considered funny. Furthermore, cultural codes have a strong impact on gender identities. When it comes to being attractive to the opposite sex, humour seems to be an important trait in men whereas beauty still is considered more desirable in women.
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Kanyemba, Roselyn, and Maheshvari Naidu. "Nature and Perception of Sexist Humor at Great Zimbabwe University." Oriental Anthropologist: A Bi-annual International Journal of the Science of Man 19, no. 2 (September 5, 2019): 173–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972558x19862403.
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For the majority of women, university represents a time of hopefulness and opportunities such that gendered incidences questioning their academic merit poses a serious setback. Sexist humor is one such incident which communicates a message that females are irrelevant and insignificant. This article discusses the nature and perceptions of sexist humor on University campuses. The views on how students on campus perceive sexist humor are crucial for understanding students’ response and offer a clear understanding of what justifies and normalizes sexist humor. The paper analyzes how the use of language can be connected to sexism and violence. Using a mixed methodology for data collection at Great Zimbabwe University, the paper attempts to link language, sexual violence, misogyny, and sexism as well as chronicle the overall pattern of exclusion and marginalization of women in higher education settings. The findings of the paper present evidence that the institutional and intellectual cultures of educational institutions are permeated with sexual and gender dynamics that have become embedded and naturalized in popular thought. Normalization of verbal harassment contributes to muting victimized women, thus perpetuating a culture in which violence against women becomes part of the social milieu. Thus, this study concludes that while one may consider higher education institutions in Africa as safer spaces for women, these are highly contested terrains as misogyny through sexist humor, among other hindrances, has created an obstacle for women’s equal participation in higher education.
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Idrees, Ayesha, and Saira Batool. "Styles of Humor and Interpersonal Relationships in University Students." FWU Journal of Social Sciences 14, no. 4 (December 15, 2020): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.51709/fw12725.
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The study aimed to investigate relationship between humor styles and interpersonal relationships in university students. It was hypothesized that: there would be a relationship between humor styles and interpersonal relationships in university students; humor styles are likely to predict interpersonal relationships in university students; there would be gender differences in humor styles and interpersonal relationships. The sample consisted of 196 students from two Universities of Lahore. Humor Style Questionnaire (Martin, Puhlik-Doris, Larsen, Gray & Weir, 2003) and Interpersonal Relationship Questionnaire (Callaghan, 2006) were used for assessment. Data were analyzed by using Pearson product moment correlation, hierarchical regression analysis and independent sample t-test. Results revealed significant relationship between humor styles and interpersonal relationships. Affiliative humor style predicted interpersonal relationships negatively whereas self-defeating humor style predicted interpersonal relationships positively. Men used more aggressive humor styles compared to women but they did not differ on other humor styles. Findings highlight significance of humor in the quality of interpersonal relationships.
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Chan, Yu-Chen. "To laugh or not to laugh: That is the question of humor techniques and sex differences." Journal of Educational Technology Development and Exchange 16, no. 2 (2023): 192–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.18785/jetde.1602.13.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A humor structure comprises two essential stages: the setup and the punch line. The punch line stage is to provide the incongruity resolution that creates amusement in humor. The current article aimed to look into how humor is amusing and how it differs between the sexes. Functional and effective connectivity analyses in cognitive and affective neuroscience have facilitated the implications of humor comprehension, appreciation, and laughter responses. The processing of incongruity-resolution humor revealed effective connectivity from the amygdala to the precuneus (amygdala → precuneus). Conversely, the processing of nonsense humor demonstrated effective connectivity from the amygdala to the inferior frontal gyrus (amygdala → IFG). During humor appreciation, there was effective connectivity from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to the amygdala (VTA → amygdala) for incongruity resolution humor and nonsense humor. Interestingly, women exhibited greater activation in the mesolimbic reward system than men.
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Knyazyan, Anna. "Male and Female Profanity in English Anecdotes." Armenian Folia Anglistika 12, no. 2 (16) (October 17, 2016): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/afa/2016.12.2.027.
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The article covers the problem of profanity and deprecating humor in English anecdotes. Aggressive humor often occurs in the form of sarcasm or teasing and often includes compulsive displays of humor with little regard for others. It deals with the issue of using swearwords in comic discourse. Swearing is a behavior more frequently engaged in by males than by females. Various generalizations about women and men involve some false assumptions as they negate the aspirations, diverse identities and personalities of individual males and females. On the largest scale women are the brunt of more jokes than men.
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Khraban, T. Ye. "Feminist humor in the Ukrainian social media." Ukrainian Society 84, no. 1 (April 26, 2023): 166–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/socium2023.01.166.
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Humour is instrumental in drawing attention to controversial topics like gender inequality. This empirical study aims to distinguish the culture-specifics of feminist humour in the Ukrainian social media sector by identifying women’s main techniques to overcome gender stereotypes and prejudices. The material for the study was humour patterns sampled in the Ukrainian social media sector from November 2022 to February 2023. During this period, 1803 posts were shared in these groups. In the first stage, we selected 698 posts with humour as their conceptual content. In the second stage, 121 patterns were selected, the main distinguishing characteristic of which is the use of gender terms and/or the presence of explicit gender categorical inferences. Attention was focused on those examples where the humour was aimed at gender deconstruction, achieved by criticism of discriminatory social norms restricting women’s and girls’ rights. Discourse-analytical research methods were used in the study. Feminist humour techniques used by women in the Ukrainian social media sector to challenge gender stereotypes and prejudices are as follows: 1. Positioning oneself as an irrepressible “bad girl”. This technique aims to develop and cultivate assertiveness, i. e. the ability to withstand the psychological pressure of traditional social norms attributed to a “real lady”, to regulate one’s behaviour and take responsibility for it. 2. “Confusion” of the gender binary. Humour is a platform for creating identities that do not follow the traditional concept of men or women and cannot be described within a rigid binary scheme. An important tool that enables women to challenge stereotypes is the genre of humour, such as banter, which makes it possible for women to experiment with different social constructions of what being a woman in the image of a man means. 3. Adopting the male tradition of disparagement humour. The recipients’ acceptance of disparagement humour means that they tacitly consent to the termination of typical serious or critical ways of thinking about socially problematic topics, thus ultimately destroying gender biases and stereotypes – if stereotypes do not apply to men, they lose their validity for women as well. 4. Cultivating self-compassion for oneself. Self-compassion fosters self-awareness that rejects normative gender stereotypes as factors that impede positive aspirations for growth and change. The concept of self-compassion is closely related to the positive perception of one’s body image. The results of this study have confirmed the basic conclusions made in the earlier publications that feminist humour is designed to address several psychological problems women face, the reason for which stems from their tendency to adhere to traditional beliefs about gender roles, but feminist humour is not man-hating. By identifying typical techniques employed to challenge gender biases and stereotypes in a particular country, we can understand the national and cultural specificity of feminist humour.
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Vidiadari, Irene Santika. "Relasi Gender dalam Kolom Humor “Si Palui” di Banjarmasin Post (Analisis Wacana Kritis Norman Fairclough pada Kolom Humor Si Palui di Banjarmasin Post)." ARISTO 5, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.24269/aristo.v/2.2016.3.
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As well as a result of cultural perception, humour can also be seen as a kind of text representing the culture of society which produces it. The humour column of “Si Palui” in Banjarmasin Post is not an exception. Reflecting the culture of the people of Banjar, the stories in Si Palui are strongly related to women and how men, as the dominant gender in Banjar culture, deal with women in daily life. Inasmuchas text is firmly connected with discourse, using Norman Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis, in this paper I will see the discourse of gender relation in Si Palui on three levels—micro (text), mezzo (text producent), and macro (sociocultural). On micro level the representation is seen from the using of language. On the second level, mezzo, how women are represented is studied from the view point of the text producent, namely Banjarmasin Post. Meanwhile on the third level which is macro, the representation of women in Si Palui is comprehended from broader perspective, namely the Banjar culture which can not be separated from Islam Banjar. It is concluded from this research that: (1) On micro level men are always more dominant than women, (2) on mezzo level the sexist humor of Si Palui is strongly related to the fact that all of the writer of Si Palui are men, and (3) on macro level, the gender relation narrated on Si Palui is firmly connected with patriarchal ideology adopted by the people of Banjar, which is legitimated by Islam Banjar.
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Schiau, Ioana. "Humor, Loneliness and Interpersonal Communication: A Quantitative Study of Romanian Older Adults." Romanian Journal of Communication and Public Relations 18, no. 1 (June 7, 2016): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21018/rjcpr.2016.1.204.
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<p>This quantitative study examines the correlations between humor, loneliness, gender and aging by presenting the results from a sample of eighty-three older Romanian adults, aged sixty and above. The first section of the paper is a comprehensive review of the social-psychological literature on aging, gender and humor. The second section assesses the findings generated from a study that uses the Multidimensional Sense of Humor Scale (Thorson & Powell, 1993) and the Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults – short version, (diTomaso, Brannen & Best, 2004). Building on Robert Weiss’s (1973) reflections on the differences between feelings of loneliness because of social isolation or emotional isolation, the research findings nuance –and in some cases challenge several assumptions on gender, age, and emotional and social loneliness. The findings also point to the correlation between feelings of social loneliness and the use of humor in interpersonal communications. The data collected suggests that while Romanian men may value the use of humor more than women when self-reporting, that older Romanian women tend to use humor in interpersonal situations and that there is a significant correlation between the use of this type of humor and a reduced sense of social loneliness.</p>
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Randler, Christoph. "Evening Types among German University Students Score Higher on Sense of Humor after Controlling for Big Five Personality Factors." Psychological Reports 103, no. 2 (October 2008): 361–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.103.2.361-370.
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Humor research has focused on relationships between humor and various personality traits. As personality and morningness–eveningness, as well as personality and humor, are related based on genetics and neurobehavioral function, one might also expect a relationship between humor and chronotype. 197 students responded to the Composite Scale of Morningness as a measure of chronotype, the Sense of Humor Questionnaire and a 10-item version of the Big Five Inventory. Individuals scoring as evening types reported a greater sense of humor than morning individuals, with higher morningness scores. In a stepwise linear regression. Extraversión, Agreeableness, Openness, and Chronotype each accounted for a significant amount of variance in sense of Humor scores. That is, the relationship between scores on Sense of Humor and evening orientation was significant after controlling for personality dimensions. Eveningness was related to sense of Humor scores in women but not in men. Social but not cognitive humor was predicted by eveningness.
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Hampes, William P. "Correlations between Humor Styles and Loneliness." Psychological Reports 96, no. 3 (June 2005): 747–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.96.3.747-750.
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In a previous study, a significant negative correlation between shyness with affiliative humor and a significant positive one with self-defeating humor were reported. Since shyness and loneliness share many of the same characteristics, poor social skills and negative affect, for example, significant negative correlations of loneliness with affiliative and self-enhancing humor and a significant positive one with self-defeating humor were hypothesized. 106 community college students (34 men, 72 women) ranging in age from 17 to 52 years ( M = 23.5, SD = 7.7) were tested. The hypotheses were supported. Interrelationships among humor, shyness, and loneliness should be examined within one study.
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Thorson, James A., and F. C. Powell. "Depression and Sense of Humor." Psychological Reports 75, no. 3_suppl (December 1994): 1473–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1994.75.3f.1473.
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This research note provides partial confirmation of a negative relationship between depression and sense of humor previously reported by Deaner and McConatha in 1993. Here, for 213 women and 134 men, r was –.18.
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Álvarez-Pardo, Sergio, José Antonio De Paz, Ena Montserrat Romero-Pérez, Kora Mónica Portilla-Cueto, Mario A. Horta-Gim, Jerónimo J. González-Bernal, Jessica Fernández-Solana, Juan Mielgo-Ayuso, Adrián García-Valverde, and Josefa González-Santos. "Factors Associated with Body Image and Self-Esteem in Mastectomized Breast Cancer Survivors." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 6 (March 15, 2023): 5154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20065154.
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Body image (BI) and self-esteem (SE) are two fundamental aspects in the evolution of breast cancer (BC), mainly due to surgery, treatment, and the patient’s conception of BI. A dissatisfaction with BI and low SE decreases the subject’s quality of life and increases the risk of recurrence and mortality by BC. The aim of this study is to find out if there is any degree of association between the sociodemographic data of the sample and their BI and SE. A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted with 198 women diagnosed with BC, aged 30–80 years, in Mexico. Women’s BI and SE were assessed using two questionnaires, Hopwood Body Image Scale (S-BIS) and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). The results show significant differences in several items when the variable sense of humor is taken into account, indicating that women with a sense of humor report higher satisfaction with their BI and higher SE. The age also indicates a significantly better BI in women over 50 years of age, as well as the education level variable, where those women who had studied up to secondary reported higher satisfaction with their BI; the family history shows that those women without a family history report better SE. All these data are supported by stepwise regression, which shows that educational level and sense of humor are predictors of BI, and family history along with breast reconstruction and sense of humor are predictors as of SE. In conclusion, it is important to take into account the characteristics of women with BC, particularly age and sense of humor, in order to reduce the impact of the disease on their BI and SE with the help of a multidisciplinary team.
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Perlini, Arthur H., Roger G. Nenonen, and David L. Lind. "Effects of Humor on Test Anxiety and Performance." Psychological Reports 84, no. 3_suppl (June 1999): 1203–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1999.84.3c.1203.
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The present study evaluated the moderating effects of humor in test items on the hypothesized relationship between test anxiety and performance. Subjects initially completed anxiety scales, as well as coping-humor and sense-of-humor scales. 34 women and 26 men received achievement tests under one of three test conditions: (1) nonhumorous, (2) low-humor (15% of test items), or (3) moderate-humor (30% of test items). These test versions were administered under both low, i.e., short quiz, and high, i.e., examination, outcome-value conditions. Humor frequency did not improve the test performance of highly test-anxious subjects under either outcome-value condition. Together with other previous disconfirmatory findings, the present results suggest that the hypothesized moderating role of item humor in the anxiety-performance relationship may be overstated. Ancillary analyses suggest that individual differences in the use of humor as a coping strategy significantly predict examination scores.
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Howrigan, Daniel P., and Kevin B. MacDonald. "Humor as a Mental Fitness Indicator." Evolutionary Psychology 6, no. 4 (October 1, 2008): 147470490800600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/147470490800600411.
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To explain the pervasive role of humor in human social interaction and among mating partner preferences, Miller (2000a) proposed that intentional humor evolved as an indicator of intelligence. To test this, we looked at the relationships among rater-judged humor, general intelligence, and the Big Five personality traits in a sample of 185 college-age students (115 women, 70 men). General intelligence positively predicted rater-judged humor, independent of the Big Five personality traits. Extraversion also predicted rater-judged humor, although to a lesser extent than general intelligence. General intelligence did not interact with the sex of the participant in predicting rating scores on the humor production tasks. The current study lends support to the prediction that effective humor production acts as an honest indicator of intelligence in humans. In addition, extraversion, and to a lesser extent, openness, may reflect motivational traits that encourage humor production.
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Carroll, James L. "Changes in Humor Appreciation of College Students in the Last Twenty-Five Years." Psychological Reports 65, no. 3 (December 1989): 863–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1989.65.3.863.
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79 college students were administered the IPAT Humor Test of Personality. No differences were found between men and women in their humor appreciation. The sample was compared with the 1963 population norms and many changes were found for both sexes.
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Vitulli, William F., and Jane M. Barbin. "Humor-Value Assessment as a Function of Sex, Age, and Education." Psychological Reports 69, no. 3_suppl (December 1991): 1155–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1991.69.3f.1155.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A sense of humor may be related to our survival, yet the value one places on humor is typically not very explicit. Sex, age, and education were selected as variables to examine how participants would respond to Vitulli's Humor Rating Scale. 217 volunteers (108 men and 109 women) were distributed among four levels of education: Grade 8, high school, college, and a combined sample of graduate students and professors. The rating scale measured attitudes toward male-oriented humor, female-oriented humor, general humor values, and an index of “differentiation of humor by gender.” Significant interactions between sex and humor scales and between educational levels and humor scales were found in a 2 × 4 × 4 factorial (split-plot) design. Scheffé tests of multiple comparisons between sample means showed significant sex differences on the male-oriented scale and on the differentiation scale. Significant differences between educational levels occurred on the male- and female-oriented scales, as well as on the differentiation scale. The ‘egalitarian hypothesis’ and the ‘androgyny hypothesis’ were evaluated to assess under what conditions they do or do not account for the data.
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Prerost, Frank J. "Health Locus of Control, Humor, and Reduction in Aggression." Psychological Reports 61, no. 3 (December 1987): 887–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1987.61.3.887.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Humor appreciation has been posited to provide a socially acceptable method to release hostility and experience a positive mood state. Research into this relationship has produced equivocal results. The present study examined the proposition that previous inconsistencies were based on no assessment of Health Locus of Control. Differentiated as internal and external scorers on the health scale, 144 college women experienced either an induction of arousal of aggression or a neutral nonarousing procedure. They were presented three stimulus conditions, neutral humor, aggressive humor, or nonhumorous material, and then assessed for mood state. Scores on the Health Locus of Control were significant showing effective use of humor to reduce anger. Internal scorers on the health scale registered, when angered, most enjoyment of aggressive humor. Health Locus of Control appears a significant factor in college women's capacity to use humor for mood regulation.
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Ross, Elaina M., and Jeffrey A. Hall. "The traditional sexual script and humor in courtship." HUMOR 33, no. 2 (May 27, 2020): 197–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/humor-2019-0017.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractTo account for sex differences in the production, receptivity, and preference for humor in potential mates during courtship, past research has often adopted an evolutionary approach. The present manuscript will attempt to integrate evolutionary explanations with proximal social and cultural influences using the traditional sexual script and ambivalent sexism theory. The results of both Study 1 (N=227) and Study 2 (N=424) suggest that trait masculinity is positively associated with humor production in courtship, while trait femininity is associated with humor receptivity. Study 1 indicated that the traditional flirting style was associated with less humor production by women, and Study 2 indicated that hostile sexism was related to a lower preference for a humor-producing potential partner by men. A sex difference in humor production in potential partners in Study 2 was no longer detectable once trait gender and hostile sexism was accounted for. Taken together, gender roles, over and above biological sex, influence one’s own humor use in courtship and preference for humor in potential partners.
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Oliveira, Alessandra Nunes de, Jetur Lima de Castro, Cecília Abrahão Nascimento Santi, and Liliane Silva do Nascimento. "Cartuns e Caretas objetificação, representação visual e informacional da mulher em uma revista de humor no início do século XX no Brasil." Páginas a&b Arquivos & Bibliotecas, no. 15 (2021): 186–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.21747/21836671/pag15a11.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This research discusses the objectification relations, visual and informational representation of the woman identified in the cartoons found in Careta, a humor magazine in the beginning of the 20thcentury, in Brazil. The relationship between humor and the image of women is problematized through the cartoons in the columns of the Caretamagazine, which created discursive deformations of what would be the feminist movement through graphic humor, that is, through comic phrases and drawings. Based on the magazine's documentary narrative raised through the cartoons, it presents some discursive and visual representations placing women in a situation of subordination. Given that 'reading' a visual text is also an attempt to dissolve its fetishes, it is added that the cartoons represent cultural codes of a given period and show everyday or thought, as well as the vision of what was or is at the moment of looking. of readers. In our scope, Caretamagazine becomes an important source of information to discuss the image of women and the objectification that was addressed in this periodical in the beginning of the 20thcentury in Brazil. In the cartoons, there are satires of the image of the feminist and women's movement. Therefore, it is worth emphasizing that the theme addressed is relevant for understanding the political-social development in the issue of the emancipation of the image of women. In short, our analysis perceives the stereotype that exists in the “poorly formatted” discourse of Caretamagazine, that influenced ways of thinking and acting according to the relationship of aesthetic standards of what would be the ideal of women and the image of the feminist movement, confronting them from yesterday to today.
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Parisi, Rose L., and Wesley A. Kayson. "Effects of Sex, Year in School, and Type of Cartoon on Ratings of Humor and Likability." Psychological Reports 62, no. 2 (April 1988): 563–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1988.62.2.563.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This experiment studied how sex, year in school, and type of cartoon affects humor and likability ratings of two types of cartoons. 40 men and 40 women (20 college freshman, 20 sophomores, 20 juniors, and 20 seniors) rated 3 Far Side and 3 Family Circus cartoons for how humorous and likable the cartoons were. Two 4 × 2 × 2 mixed analyses of variance were performed, one on humor ratings and one on likability ratings. Far Side Cartoons were more humorous and likable than Family Circus cartoons. Men were more extreme in their ratings than women; they rated the Fat Side cartoons as more likable and humorous and Family Circus cartoons less likable and humorous than women. The triple interaction between sex, type of cartoons, and year in school was also significant for likability ratings. Results add to the literature on sex differences and show research on what affects preferred types of humor is needed.