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Готові списки джерел за темами / Wire transmission lines / Статті в журналах

Статті в журналах з теми "Wire transmission lines"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022

Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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1

Proskurkin, E. V., I. E. Mitnikov, Ya I. Krainik, L. S. Sedel'nikova, I. D. Borodavkin, Yu P. Poleshko, L. A. Didenko, and N. N. Sidorova. "Galvanized wire for open-wire transmission lines." Metallurgist 34, no. 12 (December 1990): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00750122.

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2

Akalin, T., A. Treizebre, and B. Bocquet. "Single-wire transmission lines at terahertz frequencies." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 54, no. 6 (June 2006): 2762–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2006.874890.

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3

He, Qing, Xi-feng Lv, and Xiao-tong Zhao. "Overhead Transmission Lines Deicing under Different Incentive Displacement." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/872198.

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Overhead transmission line icing is one of the main factors affecting safety and reliability of power grid. This paper proposed an excitation deicing method of iced wire and theoretically revealed the ice removal mechanism under displacement excitation conditions, by taking the LGJ-70/10 glaze icing wire as the 3D model and analyzing and studying its dynamic response under the effect of displacement excitation. The simulation results show that the stress of wire icing area is enlarged with the increase of excitation displacement and frequency. Through the comparison of the compression strength experimental results on a series of different iced wires in low temperature environment, the authors found out that the stress generated from the wire icing area is greater than the crushing strength of the ice within the scope of the calculation parameters, which proved the validity and the feasibility of the method, and finally the suitable excitation displacement is determined. Following studies show that, as far as possible, it is necessary to reduce the incentive displacement and also to select the appropriate constraint length in order to avoid the line jumping that may be caused by large span ice shedding.

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4

Cannas, B., A. Fanni, and F. Maradei. "Neural characterization of wire bundles multiconductor transmission lines." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 38, no. 2 (March 2002): 785–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.996203.

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5

Shevchenko, Natalya, Anatoly Soshinov, Olga Elfimova, Julia Lebedeva, and Olga Akhmedova. "Improving the energy efficiency of wide crossings of overhead power lines." E3S Web of Conferences 178 (2020): 01046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017801046.

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The use of new generation wires in the design of wide spans of overhead power lines over water barriers and large gorges can increase their transmission capacity and increase reliability. However, when large currents flow, load losses in line also increase. Thus, it is necessary to obtain a methodology for technical and economic comparison of design options for overhead power lines over large crossings, which enables to determine the most cost-effective version of the project with high mechanical reliability. For comparative analysis, five options for wide spans of overhead power lines over the river with new-generation wires of Russian production were compiled: Aluminium Alloy Conductor Steel Reinforced, Z-type (high conductivity), Thermal-Resistant Conductor, Aluminium Compozite Core Conductor, ASk2y. Option with Aluminium Conductor Steel Reinforced wire was taken as the source. For the first option, the crossing scheme E-A-A-E was selected, for the remaining options E-I-I-E scheme was considered. For the modes of maximum loads, minimum temperature and average annual conditions, the mechanical calculation of wires was carried out using the method of permissible stresses. The wire bending deflections were determined in accordance with the theory of the catenary curve. The method of integrated indicators was used to perform a technical and economic comparison of these options. The calculation results showed that among the proposed options, the most optimal is a crossing with the ACCC wire having minimum relative investment per 1 MW of transmitted electricity and minimal power loss. The transmission capacity of the line with this wire is increased by 1.8 times, and the cost of crossing is reduced by 16%. Due to the compact design of wire, the probability of ice formation on wire is reduced, and the reduced bending deflection reduces the probability of wire break due to natural environmental influences.

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6

Nourai, A., A. J. F. Keri, and C. H. Shih. "Shield wire loss reduction for double circuit transmission lines." IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 3, no. 4 (1988): 1854–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/61.193993.

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7

Besnoff, Jordan S., and Matthew S. Reynolds. "Single-wire radio frequency transmission lines in biological tissue." Applied Physics Letters 106, no. 18 (May 4, 2015): 183705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4919799.

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8

Safwat, Amr M. E. "High impedance wire composite right/left-handed transmission lines." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 52, no. 6 (March 19, 2010): 1390–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.25215.

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9

Xie, Pengkang, and Zhen Fang. "Lightning Performance of Unshielded 220kV Transmission Lines Equipped with Metal-oxide Arresters." E3S Web of Conferences 242 (2021): 03009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124203009.

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Overhead ground wires have been proved to be effective to protect conductors from direct lightning strikes, but breakouts of ground wires have been frequently reported. In order to prevent ground wire breakout incidents to happen, unshielded 220kV lines equipped with metal oxide arresters (MOAs) whole line have been proposed in this paper. After cancelling ground wire, lightning strike risk of transmission lines becomes much higher. In order to improve the anti-lightning abilities of unshielded transmission lines, it is necessary to obtain the lightning energy absorption ability of these MOAs. In this paper, simulation model of MOA equipped unshielded 220kV transmission line was built, the influences of lightning parameters, striking occurrence point and grounding resistance of transmission tower on the absorbed energy of MOAs were calculated, and the suggested energy absorption ability of MOA was given, which can give references for the improvement of power supply reliability of transmission lines.

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10

Yuferev, L. Yu. "PERATION PECULIARITIES OF SINGLE-WIRE HIGH FREQUENCY POWER TRANSMISSION LINES." Agricultural machinery and technologies, no. 4 (August 20, 2017): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22314/2073-7599-2017-4-14-19.

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11

Nakamura, Takashi, Keisuke Oda, and Senji Yokokawa. "Equivalent transmission lines of wire antennas and the radiation mechanism." Electronics and Communications in Japan (Part I: Communications) 72, no. 8 (August 1989): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecja.4410720809.

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12

Grunvalds, R., A. Ciekurs, J. Porins, and A. Supe. "Evaluation of Fibre Lifetime in Optical Ground Wire Transmission Lines." Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences 54, no. 3 (June 27, 2017): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/lpts-2017-0019.

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Abstract In the research, measurements of polarisation mode dispersion of two OPGWs (optical ground wire transmission lines), in total four fibres, have been carried out, and the expected lifetime of the infrastructure has been assessed on the basis of these measurements. The cables under consideration were installed in 1995 and 2011, respectively. Measurements have shown that polarisation mode dispersion values for cable installed in 1995 are four times higher than that for cable installed in 2011, which could mainly be explained by technological differences in fibre production and lower fibre polarisation mode dispersion requirements in 1995 due to lack of high-speed (over 10 Gbit/s) optical transmission systems. The calculation methodology of non-refusal work and refusal probabilities, using the measured polarisation mode dispersion parameters, is proposed in the paper. Based on reliability calculations, the expected lifetime is then predicted, showing that all measured fibres most likely will be operational within minimum theoretical service life of 25 years accepted by the industry.

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13

Ratushnyak, Victor Sergeevich, Evgenij Sergeevich Il'in, and Valentina Sergeevna Ratushnyak. "THE METHOD OF EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF IMPACT ON WIRE TRANSMISSION LINES." Computational nanotechnology 6, no. 2 (June 30, 2019): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.33693/2313-223x-2019-6-2-35-40.

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Purpose. The article presents a laboratory setup and a measuring system of oscillations of a fixed wire with a transverse impact.Findings. This measuring system can be used to determine wire displacements from 1.5 µm with a time resolution of 5 ns.Practical meaning. The laboratory setup will allow experimental studies of the reaction of the wire and the frozen ice tube to a mechanical shock by an inductor, the speed and energy of which can be an order of magnitude higher than that of a pendulum. Originality/value. Described installation for the study of the destructive effect transmitted to the ice indirectly, through a bump,mounted on the wire.

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14

Ikbal, Muhamad. "TEGANGAN PEMULIHAN PADA KONTAK PEMUTUS DAYA TEGANGAN TINGGI UNTUK PROTEKSI TERHADAP GELOMBANG BERJALAN." Jurnal Qua Teknika 8, no. 1 (March 28, 2018): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.35457/quateknika.v8i1.341.

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In general we have known the frequent disruption of transmission lines is a natural disturbance, such as lightning disturbance to the transmission network due to transmission network through the air, long, high and spread in various open areas and operate in all kinds of conditions. Among the considerations taken in the transmission line transmission design is the location of the ground wire against the phase wire. Because the ground wire only, so a small percentage on the phase wire. And until now there are no scholars who show the use of lightning for life, have not got a way to prevent or exploit the energy caused by the lightning. Nevertheless, human science continues to thrive with technological advances. With one safety device, an air wire (Overhead Ground Wire) to protect the phase wires from the transmission line.

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15

Ikbal, Muhamad. "TEGANGAN PEMULIHAN PADA KONTAK PEMUTUS DAYA TEGANGAN TINGGI UNTUK PROTEKSI TERHADAP GELOMBANG BERJALAN." JURNAL QUA TEKNIKA 8, no. 1 (March 28, 2018): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.30957/quateknika.v8i1.341.

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In general we have known the frequent disruption of transmission lines is a natural disturbance, such as lightning disturbance to the transmission network due to transmission network through the air, long, high and spread in various open areas and operate in all kinds of conditions. Among the considerations taken in the transmission line transmission design is the location of the ground wire against the phase wire. Because the ground wire only, so a small percentage on the phase wire. And until now there are no scholars who show the use of lightning for life, have not got a way to prevent or exploit the energy caused by the lightning. Nevertheless, human science continues to thrive with technological advances. With one safety device, an air wire (Overhead Ground Wire) to protect the phase wires from the transmission line.

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16

Yu, Jung-Doung, Sang Yeob Kim, and Jong-Sub Lee. "Variations in Velocity and Sensitivity of Electromagnetic Waves in Transmission Lines Configured in Model Piles with Necking Defects Containing Soils." Sensors 20, no. 22 (November 16, 2020): 6541. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20226541.

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This study investigates variations in the velocity and sensitivity of electromagnetic waves in transmission lines configured in defective model piles for the detection of necking defects containing soil. Experiments are performed with model piles containing defects filled with different materials, such as air, sands, and clay. Five different types of transmission lines are configured in model piles. The electromagnetic waves are generated and detected using a time domain reflectometer. The velocity of electromagnetic waves is highest when the defect is filled with air, and it decreases with an increase in the water content. The velocity is lowest when the defect is filled with clay. The sensitivity of transmission lines for detecting defects decreases with an increase in soil water contents. The transmission line with a single electrical wire and epoxy-coated rebar exhibits the highest sensitivity, followed by that with three and two parallel electrical wires. Transmission lines with a single electrical wire and uncoated rebar and those with two parallel electrical wires wrapped with a sheath exhibit poor sensitivity when the defect is filled with clay. This study demonstrates that electromagnetic waves can be effective tools for detecting necking defects with wet and conductive soils in bored piles.

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17

Sadykov, M. F., D. A. Yaroslavsky, D. A. Ivanov, V. A. Tyurin, T. G. Galiyeva, and M. P. Goryachev. "Inclinometric method for determining the mechanical state of an overhead power transmission line." E3S Web of Conferences 124 (2019): 05022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912405022.

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Mechanical deformations when a wire is stretched causes its rotation around its axis, which allows obtaining additional information about the wire behavior in an overhead transmission line and considering it no longer as a group of sections from one span but as a whole interconnected section with redistribution of mechanical loads between spans. To determine the tensile strength of wire by its torsion, a method for determining the mechanical parameters of an overhead transmission line was developed. It is based on the inclinometric method and the theory of force calculation of steel ropes. This technique takes into account the torsion, the angle of inclination and the wire temperature. The technique is implemented in the system for monitoring the status of overhead power lines. It takes into account the torsion angle of the wire and helps to prevent emergencies on the overhead power line by determining the tensile strength of the wire, checking for defects in wires of the overhead power line and defects in the suspension armature. The monitoring system includes control devices, data collection and data processing center, a dispatcher software package. Control devices are installed directly on the wire/ground wire of an overhead power line and are used to measure the angle of rotation, the angle of inclination and the wire temperature. The data collection and data processing station processes them according to the developed methodology in specialized software. The system for monitoring the status of overhead power lines based on the inclinometric method helps to prevent emergencies and reduce the economic costs of maintaining and restoring overhead power lines.

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18

Ivanov, Dmitry, Marat Sadykov, Aleksandr Golenishchev-Kutuzov, Danil Yaroslavsky, Tatyana Galieva, and Amir Arslanov. "The application of the technology of sensor networks for the intellectualization of the overhead power transmission lines." E3S Web of Conferences 220 (2020): 01071. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202022001071.

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The length of overhead power transmission lines in the Russian Federation is over 2.8 million kilometers. Power grids are rapidly becoming obsolete. The level of deterioration of the equipment achieves 70% [1]. This leads to breakdowns on overhead power transmission lines and reduce the quality of electricity supply. One of the focus areas towards improving the situation is a deep modernization of the power grid with an orientation on energy efficiency. The purpose of this work is the creation a system for operative monitoring of the technical condition of high-voltage power-transmission lines based on modular devices. The modular device is configured depending on the issues at hand: control of ice formation; control of ice melting; localization of the place of short circuit, breakage, lightning strike; determination of electrical loads on the wire or control of the load of overhead power transmission lines; determination of mechanical loads at the wire suspension point; determination of conditions for the occurrence of ice formation, determination of defects in insulators. This will equip the overhead line diagnostic systems without serious financial costs by simple installation on the wire of the developed device which design allows to change the configuration of the equipment and solve a wide range of tasks.

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19

Li, Peng Yun, Bo Chen, Wen Ping Xie, and Hao Liu. "Evaluation on Dynamic Responses of Transmission Lines Subjected to Wind Excitations." Applied Mechanics and Materials 744-746 (March 2015): 82–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.744-746.82.

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The evaluation on dynamic responses of transmission lines subjected to wind excitations is actively carried out in this study. A transmission tower-line system constructed in the southern coastal areas of China is taken as example to examine the wind induced response of the transmission lines. The structural model is established based on finite element approach by using commercial package. The displacement, velocity and acceleration responses of the transmission lines are computed to explore structural performance. The made observations indicate that the transmission lines vibrant substantially when subjected to strong winds. It is obvious that the dynamic responses of the ground wire are smaller than those of the wire and the responses in the long span are much larger than those in the short span.

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20

Bahrami, Mohammad Reza. "Mechanics of diagnostic machine on electrical transmission lines conductors." MATEC Web of Conferences 224 (2018): 02021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201822402021.

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The article deals with the dynamics of wire transmission line while the robot-inspector is moving on it. To ensure proper and safe operation of the machine, mathematical modeling based on the Lagrangian mechanics has been conducted. The wire is considered as a stretched string with additional bending stiffness, and the robot-inspector as moving mass and pendulum. As the result, saw-tooth oscillations have been observed in the vertical plane and they cause parametric oscillations in the perpendicular plane. Advanced method of mathematical modeling of inspection robot motion on conductors allows us to choose the design parameters and the law of motion, in order to prevent accidents and ensure the safety of personnel.

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21

Aebischer, H. A., and H. Friedli. "Analytical Approximation for the Inductance of Circularly Cylindrical Two-Wire Transmission Lines with Proximity Effect." Advanced Electromagnetics 7, no. 1 (January 31, 2018): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.7716/aem.v7i1.516.

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The paper describes a simple analytical approximation for the inductance of two-wire transmission lines of circularly cylindrical wires with proximity effect. It yields precise results up to very high frequencies, and also at all interaxial distances between the wires above some limit. Its accuracy is established by comparison to numerical computations and to measurements. It is shown that the proximity effect cannot be neglected unless the interaxial distance between the wires amounts to at least four wire diameters. Further, images of the current distribution in various situations are discussed.

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22

Goryachev, M. P., M. F. Sadykov, and D. A. Yaroslavskiy. "Method for control the mechanical parameters of overhead power lines based on improved inclinometry." Power engineering: research, equipment, technology 21, no. 3 (November 29, 2019): 160–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2019-21-3-160-171.

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Structural elements of overhead power transmission lines are experiencing both horizontal and vertical loads. Wires and cables are elements of the overhead power line, on which changes in mechanical loads are observed to a greater degree. This occurs due to the change in the tension force of the wire/cable depending on the temperature and the formation of icy-rime deposits on it, as well as fluctuations in wind gusts. The article describes the most common systems and methods for determining the mechanical loads on an overhead power transmission line. A method is proposed for calculating the mechanical loads on an overhead transmission line based on mathematical models of a flexible wire, rope and a model for determining ice deposits on wires, taking into account the rotation of the wire/cable around its axis. A comparison of the improved inclinometry method with the method developed earlier for the case of formation of ice deposits on the S-50 cable has been carried out. A comparison was made on the error in determining the tension of the S-50 ground-wire protection cable using the method developed to control the mechanical parameters of overhead power lines, which takes into account the wire/cable rotation around its axis and the method for determining icy-rime deposits developed earlier. The developed method allows determining the elongation of the wire/cable in the span with one anchor support, as well as the strength of its tension with greater accuracy. However, additional clarification is required due to the influence of the wind, the formation of icy-rime deposits of various shapes, as well as the structural limitations of the wire/cable rotation when attaching it to the support.

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23

Miu, Zhongling, Nian Wu, Junwen Yao, Xianbin Ke, Pingyuan Liu, and Shiguang Bie. "Fault Diagnosis of Transmission Lines Based on High Frequency Electromagnetic Spectrum Distribution Characteristics." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2166, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2166/1/012017.

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Abstract According to the recognition of the fault of the transmission line, the traditional methods of manual detection, image recognition and infrared observation can not distinguish the defects, but the line produces the electromagnetic interference level change is its produces the flaw the important characteristic. Therefore, the electromagnetic interference (EMI) can be used as a parameter in the inspection of high-voltage transmission line. this paper studies the correlation between the fault of the transmission line and the distribution of the high frequency electromagnetic spectrum, by analyzing the level change of the electromagnetic interference between the normal wire and the broken wire, the defects such as the old wire, the broken wire and the serious corrosion, which can not be distinguished by image, are detected, it provides a strong technical support for the condition assessment of transmission line conductors.

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24

Kandić, D. B., B. D. Reljin, and I. S. Reljin. "On Modelling of Two-Wire Transmission Lines with Uniform Passive Ladders." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2012 (2012): 1–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/351894.

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In the paper we presented new results in incremental network modelling of two-wire lines in frequency range [0,3] [GHz], by the uniformRLCGladders with frequency dependentRLparameters, which are analyzed by using PSPICE. Some important frequency limitations of the proposed approach have been pinpointed, restricting the application of developed models to steady-state analysis ofRLCGnetworks transmitting the limited-frequency-band signals. The basic intention of this approach is to circumvent solving of telegraph equations or application of other complex, numerically demanding procedures in determining line steady-state responses at selected equidistant points. The key to the modelling method applied is partition of the two-wire line in segments with defined maximum length, whereby a couple of new polynomial approximations of line transcendental functions is introduced. It is proved that the strict equivalency between the short-line segments and their uniform ladder counterparts does not exist, but if some conditions are met, satisfactory approximations could be produced. This is illustrated by several examples of short and moderately long two-wire lines with different terminations, proving the good agreement between the exactly obtained steady-state results and those obtained by PSPICE simulation.

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25

Sharma, Apoorva, Alexander T. Hoang, and Matthew S. Reynolds. "A Coplanar Vivaldi-Style Launcher for Goubau Single-Wire Transmission Lines." IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 16 (2017): 2955–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lawp.2017.2755548.

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26

Liu, Zhenyao, Rong Guo, Yubin Kang, Xuan Chen, Xiaodong Fan, and Yang Wang. "Study on Tree-wire Critical Breakdown Distance of 500kV Transmission Lines." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 486 (July 10, 2019): 012127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/486/1/012127.

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27

Green, H. E., and J. D. Cashman. "End Effect in Open-Circuited Two-Wire Transmission Lines (Short Paper)." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 34, no. 1 (January 1986): 180–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.1986.1133299.

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28

Astapov, A. Y., I. P. Krivolapov, D. V. Akishin, A. S. Gordeev, and A. A. Naydenov. "Improvement of energy efficiency of agricultural enterprises through the survey of high-voltage transmission lines using unmanned aerial vehicles." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 845, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/845/1/012156.

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Abstract The paper studies the reliability of transmission lines of Michurinsk district electric lines in Tambov Region. It evaluates the quality of overhead power transmission lines in the support-insulator-wire system and determines the reliability factor of overhead lines. The paper proposes methodological approaches to the survey of power transmission lines using unmanned aerial vehicles. Their use seems quite promising and profitable, since the cost of such work is an order of magnitude lower.

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29

Gu, Teng Fei, Jun Wen, Jia Liang Wen, Jing Wu, Xiao Xia Liu, and Yu Gao. "Comparative Study of the Methods to Increase AC Transmission Lines Capacity." Applied Mechanics and Materials 347-350 (August 2013): 1363–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.347-350.1363.

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Анотація:

There are some traditional methods to increase AC transmission lines capacity, such as: improve voltage level, increase wire cross section area, use compact transmission line, add FACTS equipment and improve the temperature of the wire. A new method with converting ac line to dc line to increase the power capacity of AC transmission lines was put out in recent years. The fundamental principal and working characteristics of the method mentioned above are described in this paper together with the comparative analysis based on the existing experimental results and real data on technical level and economic level.

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30

Kul’kov, V. G., V. N. Tyshkevich, V. N. Kuryanov, M. M. Sultanov, D. Sh Norov, M. V. Narykova, A. G. Kadomtsev, et al. "Experimental studies of fatigue strength and surface electrical resistance of aluminum wire of overhead power transmission lines." Safety and Reliability of Power Industry 14, no. 4 (January 27, 2022): 189–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.24223/1999-5555-2021-14-4-189-195.

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Анотація:

The effect of wind on the wires of overhead transmission lines leads to their vibration, as well as oscillations of different amplitudes. At places where the wire is suspended, damage to the metal structure of the fatigue type occurs. This is an excessive number of vacancies, dislocations, grain boundaries and blocks compared to the equilibrium one. The defective structure degrades in the direction of the formation of micro-gaps and cracks. The generation and development of the damage zone occurs from the surface of the wire. To prevent a rupture, it is necessary to monitor the development of this zone during the operation of the line without dismantling the wire. To improve the accuracy of assessing the level of accumulation of fatigue damage, the limiting states of the wire, it is recommended to develop methods based on measuring the electrical resistance of the wire material during the development of fatigue damage. A method for monitoring the state of the surface layer by measuring electrical resistance at high frequencies is proposed. The thickness of the controlled layer is determined by the frequency of the measuring signal due to the presence of a surface effect. For effective control, the depth of penetration of the field into the conductor must be commensurate with the thickness of the defective layer. For experimental research, samples were taken of a new wire and wires after various periods of operation on existing lines. According to the results of static tests, the tensile strength and the degree of nonlinearity of the tensile curve were determined. The results of experimental studies of fatigue strength and surface electrical resistance of a separate aluminum wire of A50 conductor are presented. The samples were tested for fatigue under loads close to the conditional endurance limit. The surface resistance of the wires was measured before and after fatigue tests in the frequency range 200 Hz – 2 MHz. The studies have shown the dependence of surface resistance on the degree of development of fatigue damage, which can be used to diagnose the accumulation of fatigue damage.

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31

Egamnazarov, Georgiy. "The Way of Reducing Current Values in Optical Ground Wires at Asymmetrical Faults on Overhead Transmission Lines." Electrical, Control and Communication Engineering 11, no. 1 (December 1, 2016): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ecce-2016-0007.

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Abstract Given the fact that the installing costs of an optical ground wire on overhead lines directly depend on its cross-section, which in turn depends on the level of fault current it should withstand, in order to reduce these current values in the optical ground wire, I suggested performing its isolated descents from the end towers of the line with its transition to an optical cable. The research was carried out on the example of a 500 kV overhead line in the National Electric Power Grid. The Method of Symmetrical Components for calculating asymmetrical fault currents was not used; therefore, calculations were carried out on the base of presenting the line as a multi-wire system for the considered case as a five-wire system (optical ground wire, steel ground wire, and three phase wires). Such approach allows taking into account the initial asymmetry of the line parameters and modeling any kind of asymmetrical faults. The analyses of calculated results were performed. The conclusive evidence that the optical ground wire isolated descents from the end towers of the line give the possibility of reducing the level of maximal fault current distribution values in it and therefore its cross section, is presented.

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32

Hao, Bing, and Li Zhi. "Wire Suspension System Based on Fault Tree Analysis Running Condition Assessment." Advanced Materials Research 986-987 (July 2014): 1401–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.986-987.1401.

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Overhead transmission lines is an important part in the power system and the lifeblood of the transmission system.Important element of the transmission line conductor suspension system namely conductor and insulator, hardware.This paper, by using the fault tree analysis method, establishes the mathematical model of the transmission line conductor suspension system running condition assessment, reliably evaluates the running status of system, find out the weak links and the problems of the various parts, for the evaluation and maintenance of overhead transmission line provide theoretical support.

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33

HATSUKADE, Yoshimi, Atsushi MIYAZAKI, Hideki MATSUURA, Tatsumi MAEDA, Yasushi FUKE, and Saburo TANAKA. "Inspection of Wire Breakage in Aluminum Transmission Lines using an HTS SQUID." TEION KOGAKU (Journal of the Cryogenic Society of Japan) 44, no. 2 (2009): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2221/jcsj.44.61.

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34

Bolshanin, Georgy. "Idle operation of two-wire transmission lines under decreased electric power quality." Energy-Safety and Energy-Economy 5 (October 2017): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.18635/2071-2219-2017-5-50-54.

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35

Taniguchi, Sakae, Yoshimi Nagaraki, Jun Takami, Shigemitsu Okabe, Toshiyuki Saito, Koji Nagano, and Yutaka Goda. "Development of Lightning-Resistant Overhead Ground Wire for Large-size Transmission Lines." IEEJ Transactions on Power and Energy 131, no. 4 (2011): 383–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejpes.131.383.

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36

Seri, Osami, Daisuke Miogi, and Kohki Satoh. "Corrosion Behavior of Aluminum Wire for Overhead Transmission Lines: Investigation and Analysis." Electrical Engineering in Japan 185, no. 4 (August 20, 2013): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.22486.

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37

Korotkevich, M. A., and N. V. Prokofieva. "Design of Large Connectors of Overhead Power Lines." ENERGETIKA. Proceedings of CIS higher education institutions and power engineering associations 61, no. 5 (October 4, 2018): 432–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1029-7448-2018-61-5-432-439.

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It is found that the voltage at the lowest points of the wire or cable sag and at the points of their suspension on the pillars in the same span, determined in accordance with the properties of a perfectly flexible filament (similar to which the wires and cables are located in the span), differ slightly, and taking the difference of the mentioned values into account is only of methodologycal importance. The article presents the results of the calculation of wire and cable sag of large spans of power transmission line of 500 m or more length using both the traditional theory of the catenary line and the theory of equal resistance, when the cross-sectional area of a wire or cable, proportional to their tension, is considered variable in the span length, which provides the same probability of breaking them at any point of the span. When calculating the wires and cables in normal and emergency conditions, the largest sags are determined, which take place either at a higher ambient temperature or at a load of the wire with ice. The wire must be mounted in such a way as to ensure the normalized permissible dimensions to crossed engineering structures, water barriers or land, that are determined depending on the nominal voltage of the line. It is noted that the values of the wire and cable sags determined using the theory of the catenary line for the transition spans are less (although slightly) as compared to the data obtained on the basis of the theory of the equal resistance circuit. This must be taken into account in the design process.

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38

Jiang, Hui Lan, Kai Zeng, Jian Min Liu, and Chao Li. "Analysis and Calculation of Substation’s Internal Electric Field Intensity Caused by Incoming and Outgoing Lines." Applied Mechanics and Materials 291-294 (February 2013): 2428–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.291-294.2428.

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In ultra-high voltage transmission system, the electrostatic induction generated by power frequency electric field will exerts negative effects on the electrical automation equipment within the substation and, in particular, will leads long-term harm to staffs’ health. However, researches of electric field environment in ultra-high voltage transmission system merely concentrate on calculating the electric field intensity caused by three-phase limited length wire or three-phase infinite wire within the transmission, without considering the method of calculating half-infinite wire which represents “one end is fixed, while the other end is infinite length’s wire”. Consequently, a new method named “Charge Simulation-Genetic Algorithm (CS-GA) method” which can efficiently calculate power frequency electric field inside of the substation is proposed in the paper. In CS-GA method, the effective calculating length is determined by genetic algorithm method’s optimization, which in other words, half-infinite length wire is substituted for limited length wire in calculating the electric field intensity. The simulation results indicate that CS-GA method is a relatively accurate, efficient and reasonable way on calculating the power frequency electric field inside of the substation.

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39

Asanova, S. M., J. S. Ahyoev, N. Askarbek, S. M. Suerkulov, D. U. Asanova, and M. Kh Safaraliev. "Method for designing drop-of-wire recognition systems on sections of undistorted two-wire power transmission lines." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 966 (November 14, 2020): 012114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/966/1/012114.

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40

Lu, Ying, Jian gong Zhang, Zheyuan Gan, and Zhibin Zhao. "Influence of Transmission Line Pitch on Passive Interference." E3S Web of Conferences 64 (2018): 05006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186405006.

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Passive interference of transmission lines to neighbouring radio stations may affect the effective reception and transmission of radio station signals. Therefore, it is the basis to accurately calculate the electromagnetic scattering of transmission lines including overhead wires and towers under the circumstance of electromagnetic waves from outside. Wherein for radio stations, the overhead conductor is the main factor that affects the radar detection because of the working mode of the radar and other factors. In this paper, in the general case of the application of moment method to carry out passive interference calculations, the overhead lines are assumed to be all the actual wire. The space electric field strength and RCS of the different pitch at different operating frequencies and spaces are obtained. The influence of pitch on passive interference of overhead conductors was analyzed. Thus providing a basis for modeling to save energy and reduce the effects of passive interference provides the modeling basis.

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41

Ndip, Ivan, Christian Tschoban, Stefan Schmitz, Andreas Ostmann, Martin Schneider-Ramelow, Stephan Guttowski, Herbert Reichl, and Klaus-Dieter Lang. "Modeling and Optimization of Bond Wires as Transmission Lines and Integrated Antennas at RF/Microwave Frequencies." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2010, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 000881–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-2010-tha4-paper2.

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In this contribution, we present a systematic approach for optimizing the RF performance of bond wires. First of all, a comparative analysis between two of the most commonly used bond wire signal configurations, the two-conductor and coplanar configurations, is done. Our results reveal that although the partial self-inductance of the signal wires is the same in both configurations, the partial mutual inductance of the coplanar configuration is higher, resulting in a smaller loop inductance. Consequently, the return and insertion losses are smaller. By reducing the distance between the signal and return currents, we further reduced the loop inductance, and significantly optimized the coplanar configuration. For example, considering a 1 mm long bond wire with a diameter of 25 μm, we successfully kept the power lost through the coplanar configuration below 10% at 15 GHz, in comparison to the 70% power lost through the two-conductor configuration at the same frequency. However, more than 30% of the entire power is lost through the optimized coplanar configuration at 40 GHz. At such frequencies where bond wires are unsuitable to be used as transmission lines, we demonstrate that they are very efficient as antennas by designing a half-loop integrated bond wire antenna having a bandwidth of 3 GHz. For experimental verification, test samples were designed, fabricated and measured. An excellent correlation was obtained between simulation and measurement.

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42

Yu, Xinmin, Xiang Chen, Benzhao Fu, Yinhe Lin, Ye Xin, and Ming Xie. "Research on Type Selection of Diving Tower in 110kV Single and Double Circuit Transmission Line." E3S Web of Conferences 283 (2021): 02043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128302043.

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With the continuous development of EHV (UHV) transmission lines，new lines often need to drill through the built lines，so it is urgent to study the type of diving towers. Based on typical weather conditions and commonly used ground wire models, the basic type and tower type selection of 110kV single and double circuit overpass towers in high altitude areas are studied, and two single and double circuit overpass tower schemes are planned and arranged. And according to the pole tower structure design and optimization theory, the 110kV single-circuit diving tower and the 110kV dual-circuit diving tower are optimized from the structural optimization layout and the pole tower structure node optimization design. The research results show that the single-circuit diving tower adopts the wine glass tower, and the wires are arranged horizontally, and the double-circuit diving tower effectively reduces the height of the tower. The dish-shaped tower is used, and the single-circuit wires are arranged in a triangle pattern, which provides a certain practical guiding significance for the 110kV diving-across technology application.

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43

Feng, Chao, Rui Yang, Xianhui Cao, Weike Liu, Shuyuni He, Kejian Ouyang, Zhiwei Jia, Yi Xie, and Jun Wang. "Online monitoring and early warning technology for the status of earth wire for overhead line." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2196, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 012020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2196/1/012020.

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Abstract Overhead lines for wind power transmission in the southern region have the characteristics of large tower-line elevation, across thick ice areas, harsh natural environments, and difficult maintenance. Unpredictable line breakage accidents often occur, affecting the stability of the social power supply. This paper designs and introduces a technology based on intelligent perception technique for online monitoring of the earth wire, which can realize long-term real-time online monitoring of the state of the earth wire of overhead lines and solve the problem of line monitoring from wind power transmission and fault inspection and troubleshooting. Now the test and monitoring work of an overhead transmission line has been completed during the ice period, and the test results show that the technology has good monitoring performance.

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44

Liu, Chun Cheng, and Jiao Liu. "Ice Accretion of Glaze Loads Model on Wires of Power Transmission Lines." Advanced Materials Research 189-193 (February 2011): 3225–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.189-193.3225.

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In connection with the process of glaze ice, prediction models about height and thickness of ice coating under uniform and non-uniform ice accretion of wire are presented by taking into account local collision efficiency, freeze coefficient and collection coefficient based on the existing model at home and abroad. The time-dependent ice models on the conditions of different median volume diameter of super-cooled droplets, wind speed and wire diameter are analyzed. Compared with the existing model, the proposed ice accretion model performed well in predicting ice’s weight and thickness. At the same time, it can give some lights on ice disaster and anti-icing design for power transmission lines.

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45

Zimin, Kirill, Nina Rubtsova, and Andrey Tokarskskiy. "Currents and Voltages Induced by Electric Field in Two Converging Single-wire Overhead Transmission Lines." E3S Web of Conferences 139 (2019): 01044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913901044.

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The calculations of induced by electric field voltage and current for i line grounded and ungrounded ends depending on p - line convergence part length, а0 minimal distance between convergence lines, and Θ - the angle of lines convergence. Limit values of р, а0 and Θ are determined, one of which disturbance allows to neglect the electric effect of converging transmission lines.

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46

Yu, Yao Zhang, Jun Kang Ni, Jun Yu Han, Bin Ren, Ao An Li, and Chong Xin Liu. "Influence of Overhead Ground Wire Height and Impulse Ground Resistance on Lightning Protection Performance of Distribution Line." Advanced Materials Research 1092-1093 (March 2015): 281–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1092-1093.281.

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Since distribution lines have relatively weak insulation compared to power transmission lines, it is more liable to lightning damages. This paper reports a study of how overhead ground wire height and impulse ground resistance affect the lightning protection performance. The results obtained in this paper show that high overhead ground wire worsen the lightning protection performance while reducing the impulse ground resistance improves the lightning protection performance. Therefore, it is recommended to set the overhead ground wire lower and take necessary measures to reduce impulse ground resistance. The results obtained also confirm the crucial role of the overhead ground wire as a protection of distribution lines.

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47

Zhang, Jian Guo, and Xin Zhang. "Coupling Effect of Transmission Lines by HEMP Based on CST." Advanced Materials Research 986-987 (July 2014): 2064–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.986-987.2064.

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High-altitude nuclear electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) has a significant effect on electronic devices by cables. This paper makes an analysis of field-wire coupling. With the software of Computer Simulation Technology (CST) constructing the model, coupling current has been acquired. The effect of length, height and impedance on coupling current has been gained. To our surprise, the rise time of HEMP is faster than the time of coupling current. This provides HEMP hardening with the crucial basis.

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48

Rambousky, R., J. Nitsch, and H. Garbe. "Matching the termination of radiating non-uniform transmission-lines." Advances in Radio Science 11 (July 4, 2013): 259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ars-11-259-2013.

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Abstract. In this contribution a concept of matching the termination of radiating non-uniform transmission-lines is proposed. Using Transmission-Line Super Theory, position and frequency dependent line parameters can be obtained. Therefore, a characteristic impedance can be determined which is also position and frequency dependent. For a single wire transmission-line it could be shown that the maximum value of that characteristic impedance is an optimal termination in the sense of minimizing the variation of the current on the line. This indicates that matching is not a local effect at the position of the concentrated load but a cooperative process including the whole non-uniform transmission-line. In addition this choice of termination minimizes the variation of the radiated power over frequency.

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49

Zhao, Yu Qian, Mei Ling Zhang, and Lian Jie Ma. "Design and Analysis of High-Tension Lines De-Icing Device." Applied Mechanics and Materials 313-314 (March 2013): 621–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.313-314.621.

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To overcome the problem of the de-icing for high-voltage wire which is nowadays done artificially and dangerously, a kind of impact type de-icing device was designed in this paper. A cam and de-icing tool are designed specially for the device. The device can conduct deicing operation automatically and realize the automatic reciprocating walking on the transmission line. In conclusion, the impact type de-icing device for transmission line can effectively solve the problem of the ice coating on the transmission line and has a large value of reference and promotion.

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50

Komoda, Mitsuharu, and Kenji Sasaki. "A method of reducing power loss in ground wire of overhead transmission lines." Electrical Engineering in Japan 111, no. 3 (1991): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.4391110303.

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