Статті в журналах: "Willocks"

1

Nicolson, M., and JEE Fleming. "James Willocks and the Innovation of Fetal Cephalometry." Scottish Medical Journal 54, no. 4 (November 2009): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/rsmsmj.54.4.38.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

2

Lewis, Patrick J., and Karen Wallace. "Willow’s Way." Qualitative Inquiry 11, no. 3 (June 2005): 410–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077800404265725.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

3

Sykes, Rosemary. "The Willowes Pattern." Journal of the Sylvia Townsend Warner Society 2, no. 1 (December 1, 2001): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14324/111.444.stw.2001.02.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

4

Gordon, John C. "Poplars: Trees of the people, trees of the future." Forestry Chronicle 77, no. 2 (April 1, 2001): 217–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc77217-2.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Poplars and willows have been and are important in human history and affairs but they have not garnered the attention and respect their many positive attributes deserve. They can be even more important in the future as human population pressures increase the need for wood, watershed and riparian rehabilitation and protection, environmental monitoring and improvement, carbon sequestration, phytoremediation and basic biological understanding. Whether, and to what degree, poplars and willows achieve their potential will depend on coordinated action that includes systematic collection of biological materials, establishment of an environmental monitoring network based on poplars and willows, creation of a "poplars, willows and water" task force to assess watershed and riparian rehabilitation tasks, enhanced genome research and an advanced, ecosystem-based regulatory framework for poplar and willow systems based on altered genomes. These must be presented in an ecosystem framework with their risks and benefits clearly described. Key words: poplars, willows, utilization, technology, environment

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

5

Harriman, Neil A. "Willows. The GenusSalix." Economic Botany 57, no. 4 (November 2003): 667. http://dx.doi.org/10.1663/0013-0001(2003)057[0667:dfabre]2.0.co;2.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

6

Nower, Joyce. "Willows and Grasses." Psychological Perspectives 52, no. 1 (February 19, 2009): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00332920802662369.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

7

Huntley, Brian, and Jacqueline P. Huntley. "Willows in prehistory." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 98 (1992): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026972700000751x.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

SynopsisPalynological and macrofossil evidence of the former presence and abundance ofSalixspp. in the British Isles is discussed. The occurrence ofSalixremains in archaeological excavations is reviewed. It is concluded that, whereasSalixspp. of shrub and dwarf-shrub habits were abundant during the glacial and late-glacial periods, tall-shrub and tree species have been of only local occurrence during the post-glacial. The wood of these species has been used opportunistically by humans since at least the Neolithic period.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

8

Willockx, Freddy. "Vlaamse Europarlementsleden beoordelen hun Europees Parlement : Freddy Willockx." Res Publica 40, no. 2 (June 30, 1998): 293–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/rp.v40i2.18564.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

9

Watling, Roy. "Macrofungi associated with British willows." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 98 (1992): 135–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269727000007508.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

SynopsisThe larger fungi associated with British willows are separated into several groups depending on their resource relationship, trophic state and whether associated with dwarf or arborescent species. Over 150 potentially mycorrhizal taxa have been recorded with willows in Britain, with nearly one-third restricted to arborescent communities. The fungi associated with creeping willow form a distinct category probably reflecting former ecological conditions. While some of the necrotrophic and mycorrhizal fungi are restricted to willows, the saprotrophs are often more widespread and exhibit less specificity.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

10

Holdenrieder, Ottmar, Andreas Rudow, and Gregor Aas. "Die Gattung Salix. Eine Einführung in die Vielfalt, Biologie und Ökologie der Weiden | The Genus Salix: An Introduction to the Diversity, Biology and Ecology of Willows." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 150, no. 11 (November 1, 1999): 405–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.1999.0405.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Due to their pioneering character and their regenerative ability, willows (Salix spp.) are of special importance for nature conservation, restoration of ecosystems and biological engineering. The article provides a literature review of the systematics, morphology, biology, conservation and utilisation of willows.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

11

Dona, Amy J., and Candace Galen. "Sources of spatial and temporal heterogeneity in the colonization of an alpine krummholz environment by the weedy subalpine plant Chamerion angustifolium (fireweed)." Canadian Journal of Botany 84, no. 6 (June 2006): 933–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b06-048.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Plant–plant interactions may increase or reduce the impact of abiotic stress on species' distributions, depending on the balance between competition and facilitation. We report on the role of a willow ( Salix ) shrub canopy in mediating the importance of drought stress for performance at seedling and adult life stages of the herbaceous wildflower, Chamerion angustifolium L. (fireweed). Willows form the vegetative boundary (krummholz) between subalpine and alpine life zones in the Rocky Mountains. Chamerion angustifolium is a weedy pioneer species common in subalpine vegetation and advancing upward into the krummholz in the central Rocky Mountains. A mosaic of soil moisture variation dictated spatial patterns of seed germination and seedling survival in C. angustifolium in the absence of willows. However, willows restricted the capacity of C. angustifolium to exploit natural patches of soil moisture during establishment. Seed germination, seedling survival, and net establishment success increased markedly with soil water supply in the open, but not under the willow canopy. For mature plants, willows restricted photosynthesis at the peak of the growing season when rainfall was frequent, but ameliorated the daily decline in leaf water status under drought late in the season. Results suggest that the impact of willows on desiccation stress in alpine populations of fireweed varies with life history stage and phenology.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

12

Bartlett, Bob. "Dwelling in Possibility: Response to Willock and Cornell." Psychoanalytic Dialogues 27, no. 3 (May 4, 2017): 278–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10481885.2017.1308204.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

13

Swaab, Peter. "The Queerness of Lolly Willowes." Journal of the Sylvia Townsend Warner Society 11, no. 1 (December 1, 2010): 29–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.14324/111.444.stw.2010.06.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

14

Kuzovkina, Y. A., and M. F. Quigley. "Willows. The genus Salix." HortTechnology 16, no. 1 (January 2006): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.16.1.0182.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

15

Sommerville, Alastair H. C. "Willows in the environment." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 98 (1992): 215–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269727000007570.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

SynopsisThe ecological role of native willows is described in terms of the diverse structure of the species involved, the wide range of plant communities they form and the large numbers of invertebrates associated with them. The conservation importance of the genusSalixis discussed along with comments on the necessary management to retain willow habitats.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

16

Jayawardana, J. M. C. K., Martin Westbrooke, Michael Wilson, and Cameron Hurst. "Macroinvertebrate communities in willow (Salix spp.) and reed beds (Phragmites australis) in central Victorian streams in Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 57, no. 4 (2006): 429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf05139.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Exotic willows (Salix spp.) are widespread riparian tree species of rivers in temperate Australia and New Zealand. Despite being considered as a weed of national significance, little is known about the habitat value of willows and the impact on aquatic biota of vegetation change following willow management programmes. Macroinvertebrate fauna in root habitats of willows and Phragmites australis habitats were examined in three central Victorian rivers to understand the effect of such littoral habitat changes on macroinvertebrates. Data were analysed using Partially Nested Factorial ANOVA with season, river and habitat as main effects. Habitat structure had a significant effect (P < 0.05) on macroinvertebrate community assemblage. However, effect of habitat was not consistent among seasons. The greatest community differences among habitats were observed during winter and least separation during autumn. Taxa responsible for community differences among habitats were also identified. Species richness and abundance did not show consistent variation among habitats over different rivers or seasons. This study provided some indication of the macroinvertebrate community changes that would take place in situations where riparian vegetation changes takes place from willows to P. australis.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

17

Sylvain, Zachary A., and Alex Mosseler. "Use of shrub willows (Salix spp.) to develop soil communities during coal mine restoration." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 47, no. 12 (December 2017): 1687–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2017-0196.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Afforestation or reforestation in highly degraded environments (e.g., surface mines) is often complicated by the total removal of vegetation and severe soil degradation that occurs during mining operations, necessitating revegetation to be undertaken in tandem with the re-establishment of soil developmental processes. Shrub willows (Salix spp.) are effective as colonizer species initiating revegetation dynamics; however, it is unclear if they also serve as nurse plants facilitating the establishment of soil communities such as those of nematodes. We established a study in a former coal mine site in New Brunswick, Canada, to assess whether the presence of willows on otherwise bare, poorly developed soil contributed to nematode community development and to what degree landform design (e.g., slope) may influence these dynamics. Our results demonstrate that willows can facilitate nematode communities at this site, but that slope strongly influences these effects, likely as a consequence of hydrology and overland water flow. These results confirm the beneficial role that willows can play in reforestation of highly degraded environments both for revegetation and for the re-initiation of soil ecosystem processes.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

18

Grašič, Mateja, Mateja Piberčnik, Igor Zelnik, Dragan Abram, and Alenka Gaberščik. "Invasive Alien Vines Affect Leaf Traits of Riparian Woody Vegetation." Water 11, no. 11 (November 15, 2019): 2395. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11112395.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The vines Echinocystis lobata and Parthenocissus quinquefolia are spreading over the natural vegetation in riparian zones, which may significantly affect riparian vegetation properties and the quality of litter for aquatic organisms. We examined leaf morphological, biochemical and optical traits of these invasive alien species, each paired with its host, the willows Salix caprea and S. fragilis, respectively. The vines altered the host radiation environment and the amount of photosynthetic pigments. Both vines had significantly higher specific leaf area and lower leaf tissue density compared to the willows, even though the leaves of P. quinquefolia were significantly thicker. Leaf optical properties varied significantly between vines and willows in some spectral regions. Compared to the willows, the vines reflected less light as UV, and more as green, and transmitted more light as green, yellow and red. The overgrowth of the willows with vines affected the reflectance of the willow leaves. Redundancy analysis of the relationships between leaf biochemical traits and reflectance spectra showed that chlorophyll a, anthocyanins, and UVB- and UVA-absorbing substances explained 45% of the reflectance spectra variability, while analysis with morphological traits revealed that specific leaf area, leaf thickness and upper cuticle thickness explained 43%. For leaf transmittance, UVB- and UVA-absorbing substances, carotenoids and anthocyanins explained 53% of the transmittance spectra variability, while analysis with morphological traits revealed that specific leaf area explained 51%. These data show that invasive alien vines can be discerned from each other and their hosts by their spectral signatures. In addition, the differences in the leaf functional traits between the vines and their hosts indicate significant differences in the quality of the plant litter entering the river.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

19

Dagher, Dimitri J., Frédéric E. Pitre, and Mohamed Hijri. "Ectomycorrhizal Fungal Inoculation of Sphaerosporella brunnea Significantly Increased Stem Biomass of Salix miyabeana and Decreased Lead, Tin, and Zinc, Soil Concentrations during the Phytoremediation of an Industrial Landfill." Journal of Fungi 6, no. 2 (June 16, 2020): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof6020087.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Fast growing, high biomass willows (Salix sp.) have been extensively used for the phytoremediation of trace element-contaminated environments, as they have an extensive root system and they tolerate abiotic stressors such as drought and metal toxicity. Being dual mycorrhizal plants, they can engage single or simultaneous symbiotic associations with both arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi, which can improve overall plant health and growth. The aim of this study was to test the effect of these mycorrhizal fungi on the growth and trace element (TE) extraction potential of willows. A field experiment was carried out where we grew Salix miyabeana clone SX67 on the site of a decommissioned industrial landfill, and inoculated the shrubs with an AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis, an EM fungus Sphaerosporella brunnea, or a mixture of both. After two growing seasons, the willows inoculated with the EM fungus S. brunnea produced significantly higher biomass. Ba, Cd and Zn were found to be phytoextracted to the aerial plant biomass, where Cd presented the highest bioconcentration factor values in all treatments. Additionally, the plots where the willows received the S. brunnea inoculation showed a significant decrease of Cu, Pb, and Sn soil concentrations. AM fungi inoculation and dual inoculation did not significantly influence biomass production and soil TE levels.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

20

Wagner, Natascha D., Li He, and Elvira Hörandl. "The Evolutionary History, Diversity, and Ecology of Willows (Salix L.) in the European Alps." Diversity 13, no. 4 (March 30, 2021): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d13040146.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The genus Salix (willows), with 33 species, represents the most diverse genus of woody plants in the European Alps. Many species dominate subalpine and alpine types of vegetation. Despite a long history of research on willows, the evolutionary and ecological factors for this species richness are poorly known. Here we will review recent progress in research on phylogenetic relationships, evolution, ecology, and speciation in alpine willows. Phylogenomic reconstructions suggest multiple colonization of the Alps, probably from the late Miocene onward, and reject hypotheses of a single radiation. Relatives occur in the Arctic and in temperate Eurasia. Most species are widespread in the European mountain systems or in the European lowlands. Within the Alps, species differ ecologically according to different elevational zones and habitat preferences. Homoploid hybridization is a frequent process in willows and happens mostly after climatic fluctuations and secondary contact. Breakdown of the ecological crossing barriers of species is followed by introgressive hybridization. Polyploidy is an important speciation mechanism, as 40% of species are polyploid, including the four endemic species of the Alps. Phylogenomic data suggest an allopolyploid origin for all taxa analyzed so far. Further studies are needed to specifically analyze biogeographical history, character evolution, and genome evolution of polyploids.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

21

Wallis, D. R., and P. W. Shaw. "Monitoring giant willow aphid (Tuberolachnus salignus) on apple trees in close proximity to infested willows." New Zealand Plant Protection 70 (July 31, 2017): 319. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2017.70.81.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The giant willow aphid, was first found in New Zealand in 2013 and is now established throughout the country. An orchardist in the Tasman district reported infestation of his commercial block of young ‘Envy’ apple trees after harvest in May 2016, adjacent to two large willow trees heavily infested with giant willow aphid. Regular observations commenced soon after to determine seasonal activity, apple tree infestation, timing and impact and any alternative host plants or possible natural enemies. Key observations since are that the giant willow aphids appear in late September on willow shoots near the base of the tree reaching low numbers before disappearing again in late November. At this time, a ladybird species (Adalia bipunctata), where observed in the willows and on other plants nearby. In late December the aphids reappeared on the willows and numbers built to a peak in late February and remained on the willows until leaf fall. The aphids were not seen on the apple trees in any signi cant numbers until February when infestation and feeding continued until late autumn. After two seasons of infestation, the apple trees closest to the infested willows are now visibly ‘sick’ with yellowing leaves, stunted growth, reduced fruit production and branches blackened with sooty mould.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

22

Saska, Margaret M., and Yulia A. Kuzovkina. "Ornamental Willow Growth Response Across Five Concentrations of Controlled-Release Fertilizer." HortTechnology 24, no. 1 (February 2014): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.24.1.53.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Growth response of five ornamental willows (Salix), with sales potential for the cut-stem industry, was assessed in a 1-year container trial studying various concentrations of fertilizer. Plants were grown in 3-gal nursery containers fertilized with five concentrations of 18N–2.6P–6.6K controlled-release fertilizer (100-day release period) with micronutrients, applied as top dressings at 0, 10, 20, 40, and 60 g/container. Yield data were collected on the commercially important parameters including total stem length, stem quantity, and fresh weight of stems. Additional effects of fertilization on the timing of tip abscission and floral bud burst were also evaluated. Total stem length and fresh weight increased for all willows in the fertilized treatments compared with control; however, treatments above 40 g/container did not result in an increase of these parameters. Kori-yanagi willow (S. koriyanagi) had the highest yields across all treatments of fertilization. Fertilizer applications extended the period of stem elongation by delaying tip abscission for all willows, and for ‘The Hague’ willow (S. gracilistyla × S. caprea) tip abscission was delayed by 44.0 days at 40 g/container treatment compared with control. Floral bud burst dates, which differed greatly among willows, were unaffected by applications of controlled-release fertilizer.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

23

Zhu, Huayue. "Analysis on the Effect of Willow Weaving Service Industry Development in County Industry ——Based on Funan Willow." Financial Forum 10, no. 2 (August 27, 2021): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.18282/ff.v10i2.1942.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

<p>Due to the lack of service innovation awareness, the wicker service industry has gradually been ignored by the market in recent years. In order to solve the problem, this article analyzes the entire industry of Funan willows through survey data, and measures the density of Funan willows by using the location quotient, and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of Funan willows by SWTO analysis and financial statements. In this paper, financial statements are used to analyze the cash flow of the willow company within a certain period of time. The results show that the financial situation of the willow service industry is promising. Therefore, we recommend that the willow service industry achieves its own development by building a reputation brand and relying on the effect of industrial agglomeration to promote the development of the county industry.</p>

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

24

Turner, J. G., J. M. L. Davis, and K. Guven. "Watermark disease of tree willows." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 98 (1992): 105–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026972700000748x.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

SynopsisThe watermark disease is caused by the bacterium Erwinia salicis. It affects six species of tree willow and of these the white willow (Salix alba) and certain of its varieties are particularly susceptible. Unusually for a bacterial disease, the pathogen only colonises the xylem tissues, which become discoloured as a result. Watermark causes severe losses in S. alba var. caerulea, the cricket bat willow, and in several Dutch clones of S. alba which have been widely planted in that country. Although numerous studies have been made of its epidemiology since the disease was first reported in 1924, the infection process remains clusive. Recent research, much of it unpublished, points to the widespread occurrence of symptomless infection, and the possible role of this in the transmission of disease through the propagating material.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

25

Arnegard, Iver. "Place of the Red Willows." River Teeth: A Journal of Nonfiction Narrative 20, no. 1 (2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/rvt.2018.0015.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

26

Gillin, Richard. "Romantic Echoes in the Willows." Children's Literature 16, no. 1 (1988): 169–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/chl.0.0200.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

27

Jackson, Sandra L., David S. Hik, and R. F. Rockwell. "The influence of nesting habitat on reproductive success of the lesser snow goose." Canadian Journal of Zoology 66, no. 7 (July 1, 1988): 1699–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z88-245.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The quality of nesting habitat and the influence of vegetation height on reproductive success of the lesser snow goose (Chen caerulescens caerulescens) were examined. In 1984, geese nesting in tall willow bushes (Salix ssp.) were more successful than individuals nesting in shorter willows, or in areas with no willows at all. In particular, individuals nesting in tall willows lost fewer eggs to depredation or abandonment, resulting in a greater number of goslings leaving the nest after hatch. The effect of willow height on reproductive success was independent of female age and relative nest initiation date, both of which are known to affect reproductive success. The degree of the habitat effect was not as great in 1986, but the geese nesting in willow bushes did tend to have greater reproductive success. Since spring environmental conditions influence both the availability and quality of nest sites, the potential importance of the effect of nesting habitat on reproductive success probably varies among years.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

28

Yadin, Zvi Steve. "The Inner Voice in Dreams: Reply to Dr. Brent Willock." Psychoanalytic Dialogues 31, no. 2 (March 4, 2021): 247–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10481885.2021.1889340.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

29

Skálová, Dagmar, Božena Navrátilová, Lenka Richterová, Michal Knit, Michal Sochor, and Radim Vašut. "Biotechnological methods of in vitro propagation in willows (Salix spp.)." Open Life Sciences 7, no. 5 (October 1, 2012): 931–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11535-012-0069-5.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

AbstractMany populations of high-mountainous relic dioecious willows in Central Europe only consist of female individuals and are thus limited in their reproductive potential. We completed micropropagation experiments with shoot apexes and nodal segments of common and endangered willow (Salix) species, which can help to reintroduce autochthonous genotypes to their natural sites. Until recently, cultivation of green young shoot apexes of S. alba and S. lapponum showed the highest percentage of regeneration. We successfully applied the two-times-sterilisation due to high contamination of natural explants. The OK medium was the most efficient culture medium. In vitro propagation of willows with unisexual catkins, anther and ovule cultures were tested and optimised. Isolated anthers were cultivated on selected media and then microcallus and calluses of S. caprea and calluses of S. viminalis were formed on the A medium. Among various tested and optimised media for the ovule culture, the CP medium was the most efficient one. In this case, only the microcalluses of S. viminalis were observed. We developed biotechnological procedures that can be useful in conserving fragmented populations of high-mountainous willows.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

30

Walker, D. A. "Height and growth rings of Salix lanata ssp. richardsonii along the coastal temperature gradient of northern Alaska." Canadian Journal of Botany 65, no. 5 (May 1, 1987): 988–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b87-136.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Salix lanata ssp. richardsonii from open-tundra and streamside populations were studied at seven sites along a 100-km north–south transect following the Sagavanirktok River from the Alaskan arctic coast to the foothills of the Brooks Range. Mean July temperatures along this transect vary from 2.6 at the coast to 10 °C at the base of the foothills. Mean maximum heights of the sampled open-tundra willows increased from 10 ± 2 at the coast to 37 ± 8 cm at the southern end of the transect. Mean maximum heights of sampled streamside willows increased from 0 at the coast to 147 ± 25 cm. The mean maximum height of willows in both habitats showed very strong correlations with thawing degree-days. Mean growth-ring widths increased from 92 ± 20 at the coast to 188 ± 57 μm at the southern end of the transect and were also highly correlated with the temperature gradient. The results are discussed in light of other arctic studies of willow growth rings and Cantlon's system of vegetation subdivisions within the Alaskan arctic.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

31

Stott, K. G. "Willows in the service of man." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 98 (1992): 169–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269727000007533.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

SynopsisSome main uses of the versatile genus Salix are described. The basket willow industry, once nationwide but now concentrated in Somerset, is covered in some detail, noting the site requirements and attributes of the three main basket willow species, Salix triandra L., S. viminalis L. and S. purpurea L. The management of the crops and methods of processing to give the ‘white’ or ‘buff’ coloured rods preferred by basket makers are described, as are the ability and versatility of basketry to produce containers uniquely suited to meet specific needs.Other uses of the shrub willows (sub-genus Vetrix) are outlined, including the stabilisation of slopes and other aspects of bioengineering, amelioration of difficult environments and large-scale amenity urban and motorway plantings.Attention is drawn to opportunities to develop the tree willows (sub-genus Salix) to meet projected timber shortages, to the use of willows for windbreaks and shelter, and to the culture and use of that very British tree – the Cricket Bat Willow (S. alba var. caerulea (Sm.) Sm.).

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

32

Zhang, Xue-Jiao, Kang-Jia Liu, Ya-Chao Wang, Jian He, Yuan-Mi Wu, and Zhi-Xiang Zhang. "Complete Chloroplast Genomes of Three Salix Species: Genome Structures and Phylogenetic Analysis." Forests 12, no. 12 (December 1, 2021): 1681. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12121681.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

High genetic diversity and low differentiation present challenges in taxonomy and systematics of Salix. Chloroplast (cp) genome sequencing is efficient for providing new genomic information and elucidating phylogenetic relationships. Salix spathulifolia Seemen, S. cupularis Rehder, and S. annulifera C.Marquand & Airy Shaw are three shrubby willows spread in high-altitude regions in western China. In this study, the integrated circular cp genomes were sequenced and analyzed, and a phylogeny of Salix was constructed on the basis of the cp genomes. The results of chloroplast assembly and annotation information were used to characterize genome feature and interspecific variation. The phylogenetic position of the three willows was evaluated using phylogenetic analysis. Full-length cp genomes were 155,566–155,680 bp with a typical double-stranded circular quadripartite structure, containing one large single-copy region (LSC, 84,431–4552 bp), one small single-copy region (SSC: 16,206–16,221 bp), and two inverted repeats (IR: 27,453–27,461 bp). The cp genomes encoded 130 genes, including 8 rRNA genes, 37 tRNA genes, and 85 protein-coding genes. The guanine-cytosine (GC) content of the overall genome was 36.7%. Comparison among the three willows’ cp genomes revealed high similarity. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that S. spathulifolia was a basal taxon of clade I, while S. annulifera formed a monophyletic group with S. rorida Laksch.; S. cupularis was sister to S. suchowensis W.C. Cheng and S. psammophila Z. Wang & Chang Y. Yang. The complete chloroplast genomes of the three willows provides an additional sequence-based resource for studying the phylogeny and evolutionary history of Salicaceae.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

33

Robson, Emma. "Spellbound? The Secret Message of Lolly Willowes." Journal of the Sylvia Townsend Warner Society 15, no. 1 (December 1, 2014): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.14324/111.444.stw.2014.02.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

34

Draya, Ren. "Some Musings on Lolly Willowes: A Personal Response to Rosemary Sykes' paper The Willowes Pattern by Ren Draya." Journal of the Sylvia Townsend Warner Society 2, no. 1 (December 1, 2001): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.14324/111.444.stw.2001.03.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

35

KOMURO, Takashi, Shinpei MATSUNAGA, Ryutei INUI, Yoshihisa AKAMATSU, and Yoshiyuki IMAMURA. "POTENTIAL DISTRIBUTION OF WILLOWS IN JAPAN." Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B1 (Hydraulic Engineering) 74, no. 4 (2018): I_493—I_498. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscejhe.74.i_493.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

36

Gilead, Sarah. "Grahame's the Wind in the Willows." Explicator 46, no. 1 (October 1987): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00144940.1987.9935274.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

37

McInerney, Paul J., Gavin N. Rees, Ben Gawne, Phil Suter, Garth Watson, and Rick J. Stoffels. "Invasive willows drive instream community structure." Freshwater Biology 61, no. 9 (May 24, 2016): 1379–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/fwb.12778.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

38

Contangelo, Angela, Juergen Esperschuetz, and Brett H. Robinson. "Trace Element Uptake by Willows Used for the Phytoremediation of Biosolids." Life 13, no. 1 (January 16, 2023): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life13010243.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The land application of biosolids can result in the unacceptable accumulation of Trace Elements (TEs) in agricultural soil and potentially introduce xenobiotics and pathogens into the food chain. Phytoremediation of biosolids aims to minimize this risk, while producing valuable biomass. Willows, well known to accumulate zinc (Zn), are used extensively in farming systems for soil conservation, shelter and as feed supplements with demonstrable health benefits. Potentially, biosolids phytoremediation could occur on marginal lands adjacent to farmlands where willows are grown for supplementary fodder. We aimed to determine the uptake and distribution of Zn and other TEs in willows grown on soils amended with biosolids and biosolids blended with biochar, with a view to their use as stock fodder. In the Canterbury Region, New Zealand, we grew Salix ‘tangaio’ (S. matsudana X S. alba) in a greenhouse trial and field study. The biomass production of the willows was unaffected by biosolids and increased by the biosolids+biochar mixture. The addition of 4% biosolids (w/w) to the soil resulted in a foliar Zn concentration of 600–1000 mg kg−1, some 25 times higher than the average New Zealand pasture. Zinc concentrations were highest in the bottom leaves and increased throughout the season. Biosolids addition doubled the copper (Cu) concentration to 10 mg kg−1. Adding biochar to the system reduced the plant uptake of Cu and to a lesser extent Zn, while cadmium (Cd) uptake was unaffected. For Cd, Cu, and Zn, plant uptake was a function of the Ca(NO3)2-extractable concentration, both in greenhouse experiments and the field trial. Future work should determine the changes in plant TE uptake over several growing seasons.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

39

Stolter, Caroline, John P. Ball, Riitta Julkunen-Tiitto, Reinhard Lieberei, and Jörg U. Ganzhorn. "Winter browsing of moose on two different willow species: food selection in relation to plant chemistry and plant response." Canadian Journal of Zoology 83, no. 6 (June 1, 2005): 807–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z05-077.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

We investigated the selection criteria of moose, Alces alces (L., 1758), feeding on two willow species, Salix phylicifolia L. and Salix myrsinifolia Salisb., and whether these willows respond chemically. We correlated winter twig browsing with the concentrations of primary and secondary plant compounds in twigs and new leaves. Furthermore, we investigated 12 specific phenolics in twigs of S. phylicifolia. During winter, moose browsed twigs with low concentrations of phenolic compounds. Additionally, we found significant negative correlations between browsing and the concentration of 7 of the 12 specific phenolic compounds in S. phylicifolia. Most importantly, even though ours was a field study and had many potential sources of variation, a multivariate analysis revealed that these specific phenolics predicted 47% of the variation in moose browsing. The two willows reacted in different chemical ways to moose browsing, but both showed signs of defensive response in early spring and compensation growth in summer. Our data demonstrate the importance of plant secondary chemicals for feeding behaviour of moose and underline the importance of working at a species level in studies of plantanimal interactions, especially with the chemically heterogeneous willows.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

40

Murray, Alex. "Jerusalem Building: Lolly Willowes, Blake and Rural Politics." Modernist Cultures 15, no. 4 (November 2020): 419–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/mod.2020.0307.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Sylvia Townsend Warner's work is richly allusive, yet the precise purpose of her myriad references to, and echoes of, earlier works of literature often remains opaque. This essay explores one particular intertext in her work from the 1920s: the poetry of William Blake. In her essays, poetry, and in particular Lolly Willowes (1926), Warner, I argue, attempts to liberate Blake from both jingoistic nationalism and from progressive improvement. It is in particular in the intertextual dialogue she opens up with rural preservationist J. W. Robertson Scott that we can see how Warner seeks to free Blake from those who believed that Jerusalem could be literally built, rather than it being the preserve of an unfettered imagination. As I demonstrate, Laura Willowes has a series of Blakean epiphanies that allow her to become a critic of the materialism of modernity.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

41

Khoma, Y., and N. Kutsokon. "Bud burst phenology in different poplar and willow clones." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Series: Biology 79, no. 3 (2019): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728_2748.2019.79.79-84.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

In the face of global climate changes, studies of bud burst and bud set phenology in trees are necessary to determine the duration of the growing season of plants, the optimal planting period, and seasonal works to achieve high productivity. The purpose of our study was to investigate bud burst phenology in different poplar and willow clones, what is important for predicting possible responses of woody plants to climate changes. Materials and methods: Bud burst phenology in poplar and willow was monitored both on the plants growing at experimental plot and on potted plants. Open-field plant research was conducted on a test site of fast-growing bioenergy trees in the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of NAS of Ukraine (Kyiv). Nine most productive poplar and willow clones were selected for the potted experiment. Throughout the growing season, the plants were kept outdoors, and after the seasonal fall of the leaves, the plants were transferred to an unheated storage room with a limited light regime. During spring, bud burst phenology was screened weekly through 45 days according to the 6-scores scale. The studies showed that the poplar plants grown under laboratory conditions demonstrated faster rates of bud burst compared to the willows, while the plants at the experimental plot, on the contrary, shown faster bud burst in the willows comparing to poplar clones. Such effects may be caused by the restricted light regime at the laboratory space what probably had stronger impact on the bud burst in willows, and in the case of open-field plants also by other random environmental factors. In potted conditions, willows demonstrated a tendency for faster flushing of lateral buds, while most poplar clones showed faster apical bud growth under the same conditions.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

42

Kuzovkina, Yulia, and Martin Quigley. "Ornamental Willows (Salix Spp.) for Alpine and Small Urban Gardens." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 30, no. 2 (March 1, 2004): 127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2004.016.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The small scale and intimate feel of contemporary urban and suburban gardens require appropriate plant material, especially woody plants with multi-seasonal appeal. Many arctic and alpine willows (Salix spp.) are ideally suited to the rock garden, alpine bed, or small urban garden. Here we evaluate alpine, arctic, and other low-growing species of willows for their horticultural merit and tolerance of U.S. Midwestern climatic and soil conditions. Detailed descriptions of 58 taxa are presented, along with photographic images that can be accessed on the Web (chadwickarboretum. osu.edu). We address taxonomy, phenology, autecology, cultural requirements, and ornamental qualities (size and habit, floral quality, bud and leaf color and shape) of selected species new to the North American market.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

43

Gregersen, P., and H. Brix. "Zero-discharge of nutrients and water in a willow dominated constructed wetland." Water Science and Technology 44, no. 11-12 (December 1, 2001): 407–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0859.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

A novel constructed wetland system has been developed to treat sewage, evaporate water and recycle nutrients from single households at sites where effluent standards are stringent and soil infiltration is not possible. Main attributes of the willow wastewater cleaning facilities are that the systems have zero discharge, the willows evapotranspire the water, and nutrients can be recycled via the willow biomass produced in the system. The willow wastewater cleaning facilities generally consist of c. 1.5 m deep high-density polyethylene-lined basins filled with soil and planted with clones of willow (Salix viminalis L.). The surface area of the systems depends on the amount and quality of the sewage to be treated and the local annual rainfall. For a single household the area needed typically is between 200-300 m2. Settled sewage is dispersed underground into the bed under pressure. When correctly dimensioned, the willow will - on an annual basis - evapotranspire all water from the sewage and rain falling onto the system, and take up all nutrients and heavy metals from the sewage. The stems of the willows are harvested on a regular basis to remove nutrients and heavy metals and to stimulate the growth of the willows. Initial experiences from full-scale systems in Denmark show promising results.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

44

Rodzkin, Aleh, Sasa Orlovic, Borivoj Krstic, and Andrej Pilipovic. "The assessment of physiology parameters of willow plants as a criterion for selection of prospective clones." Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke, no. 129 (2015): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmspn1529007r.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Bioenergy production based on short rotation coppice willow plantations (SRC) is an effective direction both for economic and environment profit. The yield of willow wood can amount to 10-15 tons per hectare of dry biomass per year and the cost of thus obtained energy is lower in comparison with other energy crops. In order to achieve high yield and profitability, the use of special willow clones is necessary. Species most often used in selection for biomass production are shrub type willows: Salix viminalis, Salix dasyclados and Salix schwerini, while the clones tested in this paper were also of tree species Salix alba. The productivity and some physiology characteristics of Serbian selection clones of Salix alba (Backa, Volmianka and Drina) and Swedish selection clone Jorr (Salix viminalis) were investigated in greenhouses and in field conditions. As the result of testing three clones of Salix alba - Backa, Volmianka and Drina, having special preferences and adaptability to different environmental conditions, these were included in State register of Republic of Belarus in 2013. In our experiment it was also satisfactory that specific properties of willows (intensity of transpiration and photosynthesis, water use efficiency and others), were conserved both in greenhouses and in field conditions. This factor gives opportunity to select prospective clones of willows at an early stage of ontogenesis for further testing.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

45

Kaczynski, Kristen M., David J. Cooper, and William R. Jacobi. "Interactions of sapsuckers and Cytospora canker can facilitate decline of riparian willows." Botany 92, no. 7 (July 2014): 485–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2014-0019.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Drought has caused large-scale plant mortality in ecosystems around the globe. Most diebacks have affected upland forest species. In the past two decades, a large-scale decline of riparian willows (Salix L.) has occurred in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado. We examined whether climatic or biotic factors drive and maintain the willow community decline. We compared annual growth and dieback of willows inside and outside of 14-year-old ungulate exclosures and measured groundwater depth and predawn xylem pressures of stems as indicators of drought stress. We also performed an aerial photo analysis to determine the temporal dynamics of the decline. Aerial photo analysis indicated willow decline occurred between 2001 and 2005 and was best explained by an increase in moose population and a decrease in peak stream flows. A new mechanism for willow stem dieback was identified, initiated by red-naped sapsucker wounding willow bark. Wounds became infected with fungus that girdled the stem. DNA analyses confirmed Valsa sordida (Cytospora chrysosperma) as the lethal fungus. Captured sapsuckers had V. sordida spores on feet and beaks identifying them as one possible vector of spread. Predawn xylem pressure potentials remained high through the growing season on all study willows regardless of depth to ground water. Our results indicate that additional mechanisms may be involved in tall willow decline.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

46

Granel, Thierry, Brett Robinson, Tessa Mills, Brent Clothier, Steve Green, and Lindsay Fung. "Cadmium accumulation by willow clones used for soil conservation, stock fodder, and phytoremediation." Soil Research 40, no. 8 (2002): 1331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr02031.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Elevated levels of cadmium are often found in the soil of New Zealand pasturelands due to the long-term use of Cd-contaminated fertilisers. The accumulation of Cd in willow biomass used as stock fodder could therefore adversely affect agricultural productivity and human health. Alternatively, willows may be used for phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soil at polluted sites. An investigation was carried out to determine the variation in Cd as well as Zn, Mn, and Fe accumulation in 15 willow clones that had been bred for soil conservation purposes. These clones were grown under controlled conditions in 20-L pots of soil containing Cd, Zn, Mn, and Fe at concentrations of 0.3, 64, 597, and 56 000 mg/kg, respectively. Daily water use was measured over the final 2 weeks of the experiment and biomass accumulation was determined at the end of the experiment. We found that shrub willows had significantly higher leaf and stem Cd, Mn, and Zn concentrations than tree willows. Average leaf Cd concentrations varied widely between clones from 1.5 to 10 mg/kg. Clones with a high Cd accumulation capacity may be selected to improve the efficacy of Cd-phytoremediation, whereas clones that accumulated lower Cd concentrations may be used for stock fodder. Metal concentrations were not significantly correlated with plant water-use, or biomass production.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

47

Tipton, Jimmy L. "‘Marfa Lace’, ‘Alpine’, and ‘Tejas’ Desert Willows." HortScience 23, no. 4 (August 1988): 782. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.23.4.782.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Abstract ‘Marfa Lace', ‘Alpine’, and ‘Tejas’ are new desert willow [Chilopsis linearis (Cav.) Sweet.] cultivars selected at the Texas A&M Research and Extension Center at El Paso and approved for release by the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station. Desert willow is a deciduous flowering shrub or tree native to the southwestern United States. The species exhibits considerable variability in floral color, but this generally has not been exploited through selection or breeding. The advantages of these new selections include large, semi-double flowers in ‘Marfa Lace’, large leaves and dark flowers in ‘Alpine’, and even larger flowers in ‘Tejas’. To my knowledge, no other semi-double desert willow has been released.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

48

Zou, Yang, Xiaoping Li, and Guo Yang. "Sprout Regeneration of Shrub Willows after Cutting." Plants 9, no. 12 (December 1, 2020): 1684. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9121684.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Shrub willow (Salix L. spp.) is a promising bioenergy resource crop due to its high growth rates and superb regenerative ability. Sprouting capacity is influenced by many factors, such as parent tree species and size, which are important limiting factors for stump survival or sprout growth. In this study, we aimed to quantify the survival and regeneration performance of sprouts (including sprout height, sprout diameter, sprout number, leaf morphological traits, leaf chlorophyll content, and ground part dry biomass) from the stumps of two Salix species from three diameter classes (10–15, 16–19, and 20–30 mm). An attempt was made to explore why the stump size affects the regeneration of willows by analyzing the carbon and nitrogen proportion of stumps. Stump survival did not differ between the two Salix species. However, the sprout regeneration of S. triandra was much better than that of S. suchowensis. An increase in stump diameter caused increases in the number of sprouts produced per stump, the mean height and basal diameter of sprouts per stump, the leaf chlorophyll content, and the biomass of sprouts per stump. By contrast, stump diameter did not significantly affect stump survival. The results indicate that the larger stumps store more carbon and nitrogen than small-sized stumps, which may be one of the reasons why the larger willow stumps have a stronger resprouting ability. This study provides essential information regarding the sprout regeneration of short-rotation coppice willow plantations after harvest.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

49

Savage, Jessica, and Jeannine Cavender-Bares. "FREEZING TOLERANCE–GROWTH TRADE-OFF IN WILLOWS." Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 94, no. 3 (July 2013): 247–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/0012-9623-94.3.247.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

50

FUKUOKA, Shoji, Takahito KABASAWA, Junichi SAITO, Yasuharu FUSE, Akihide WATANABE, and Masatsugu OHASHI. "FIELD TESTS ON GROINS UTILIZING NATURAL WILLOWS." PROCEEDINGS OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING 42 (1998): 445–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/prohe.42.445.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Статті в журналах з теми "Willocks"

Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями