Дисертації з теми "Whole trade"
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1
Gaillard, Camille [Verfasser], Simon [Gutachter] Scheiter, and Thomas [Gutachter] Hickler. "Process based modelling of ecosystem structure and dynamics with aDGVM2 : a case study of whole-plant trait trade-offs & shrubs in African savannas / Camille Gaillard ; Gutachter: Simon Scheiter, Thomas Hickler." Frankfurt am Main : Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg, 2021. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-613446.
Повний текст джерела
2
Gah, Dadehys Noellie Prisca. "How ECOWAS negotiating team can strenghen the legal provisions of Cote D'Ivoire EPA as to benefit the whole region : a legal analysis of the Cote D'Ivoire interim EPA." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/28472.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The paper examines through a legal analysis of some articles of the Cote d’Ivoire Stepping Stone Agreement, how ECOWAS can strengthened its approach in negotiating a comprehensive EPA for the region. These articles are scrutinized with a special focus on market access as to point out fields that need to be re-thinked with regard objectives set out in the agreement. It is argue that current bilateral and multilateral Trade and Investment Agreements are shrinking in their legal framework the policy space need for development in countries that need it the most. This study, underlines the fact that the legal provisions contain in the Cote d’Ivoire IEPA do reduce actually its ability to set up policies tool aim at achieving development goals. It is the sustainability of the IEPA legal provisions that is questioned under this topic with regard to sensitive issues such as the safeguard measures, the stand still clause, the MFN clause, the Rules of Origin etc….. In so doing, the analysis reveals as well the ambiguity of the IEPA relationship with the Cotonou Agreement and the multilateral trade rules of the WTO. This ambiguity is highlighted in an attempt to drawn the attention of the region on the fact that; if there is indeed a need to update the Economic Partnership Agreement currently negotiating with the EC, this cannot be done without first of all updating the negotiating approach of the region. In fact, its weak bargaining approach coupled with that overwhelming of the EC has resulted in the agreement currently on the table. Substantial changes can be made with this regard by acknowledging the insufficiencies in the legal framework of the IEPA but also in learning lesson from mistakes the region itself and Cote d’Ivoire have done in negotiating EPAs and its Interim version. Thus, since EPAs often triggered the debate on liberalization and what it may carry in terms of consequences on developing countries’ economies, examples of countries that took a different step toward liberalization and whose current situation may be use as a testimony by ECOWAS are quoted. Finally, propositions are made to ECOWAS region as to enlarge current development space while battling for more flexibility under the EPA.Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2010.
Centre for Human Rights
unrestricted
3
Fischer, Mark. "WHILE AMERICA SLEPT." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2006. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4037.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study briefly examined the terrorist attacks that occurred between the first bombing of the World Trade Center in 1993 and the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon that occurred on September 11, 2001. Specifically, this study examines the reactions of the public and press to the attacks on the military barracks in Riyadh, the bombings of the U.S. Embassies in Zambia and Kenya, and the attack on the U.S.S Cole in Yemen. This study examines the effect public opinion had on the President and Congress and their reactions to the public pressure. The primary purpose of this thesis is to briefly examine the reactions of Presidents and Congress to the attacks on Americans at home and abroad, and that effect on their efforts to prevent further attacks on the United States. Did the President use his office to activate and motivate public officials and the public to the dangers of terrorist attacks? Was the public effective in persuading Congress to enact legislation to increase funding for terrorist prevention? And, how effective was the press in its role to educate and define the issues surrounding terrorist attacks on Americans.M.A.
Department of Political Science
Arts and Humanities
Political Science
4
Casanova-Jimenez, Richard P. "Trade and investment disputes : whose business is it anyway ?" Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=78207.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis is a discussion on whether every sector of human activity really is or needs to be 'global'. It discusses the impact that economic globalization has on the role of the nation-state and on the concept of democracy, at both local and international levels. Particular emphasis is put on some of the democratic challenges associated with dispute settlement at the WTO and also under foreign investment international instruments. It is argued that increased participation by non-state actors, particularly NGOs, in state-to-state and in investor-state arbitration threatens to weaken the arbitration process and does little to remedy alleged democratic deficiencies. The author concludes that many democratic concerns regarding these types of dispute settlement processes may be better addressed by strengthening national democracies. Increased public information, consultation, and participation in the shaping of foreign policy could reduce much of the criticism concerning both, international dispute settlement and decision-making.
5
Robin, Penelope Ann. "Determination of trace elements in serum and whole blood by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.400335.
Повний текст джерела
6
Sombers, Leslie A. "Determination of Trace Levels of Lead in Whole Blood by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy." W&M ScholarWorks, 1998. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626166.
Повний текст джерела
7
Wilkinson, Darren James. "Geochemistry of eclogites from Western Norway : implications from high-precision whole-rock and rutile analyses." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/10531.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Western Gneiss Region (WGR) in Norway is home to some of the world’s most spectacular exposures of high pressure (HP) and ultrahigh pressure (UHP) eclogites. Despite extensive petrological studies into their pressure, temperature and time (PTt) histories, relatively few have reported on their trace element compositions. Such data can be used to supplement our understanding of the provenance and history of Norwegian eclogites, as well as to further our understanding of trace element fluxes during HP to UHP metamorphism in subduction zone settings. In order to address this shortfall in data availability, the first step was to investigate and apply the best dissolution techniques for preparing eclogite samples for chemical analysis. Eclogites commonly contain up to a few weight percent rutile (TiO2), which is known to be an important host for a variety of major and trace elements (e.g. Ti, Nb and Ta). However, typical rock digestion procedures are incapable of dissolving rutile, and thus may lead to inaccurate measurements. It was found that that total dissolution of rutile can be achieved by dissolving samples in sealed pressure vessels at increased pressures and temperatures, ultimately leading to greatly increased data accuracy for analyses of any rutile-bearing lithology. The solutions were analysed by standard ICP-MS techniques and the results compared to analyses of powders by XRF spectrometry. Our high-accuracy and high-precision data were subjected to immobile trace element discriminant analyses that suggested eclogites belonged to three broad geochemical groups: eclogites with mid ocean ridge Basalt (MORB)-like composition; eclogites with arc-like composition; and eclogites with geochemical signatures significantly perturbed by metamorphism. The geochemistry of eclogites in the first two groups are shown to likely reflect protolith composition, and as such we used model protolith compositions to calculate estimated element mobilities (EMMs) for those elements considered relatively mobile during metamorphism. It was not possible to determine protoliths for eclogites in the third category using trace elements alone. Finally, the trace element geochemistry of a large number of separated eclogite-hosted rutiles was studied. The data collected were used to demonstrate that rutile contains significant amounts of the whole-rock’s high field strength element (HFSE) budget, and may exert significant control on the HFSE composition of passing hydrothermal fluids. Furthermore, Zr-in-rutile thermometry (ZRT) was applied to separated rutiles. This temperature information was used to better our understanding of the thermal history of the WGR, as well as to create a map of eclogite temperatures in the Nordfjord-Statlandet area. This high-resolution thermal map of arguably the most important area of the WGR, supports current interpretations that during the Caledonian Orogeny the leading edge of the Baltica plate was consumed in a northwest to north-northwest-dipping subduction zone under Laurentia. Furthermore, isotherms on this map mimic several major fold hinges in the region rather well, thus providing support to the hypothesis that such structures were most likely formed during the collapse of the Scandinavian Caledonian Orogen after the peak metamorphism of most eclogites.
8
Gould, Simon R. "Integrated sedimentological and whole-rock trace element geochemical correlation of alluvial red-bed sequences at outcrop and in the subsurface." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2001. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=230625.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Red-bed alluvial systems are becoming increasingly important as hydrocarbon plays in the UK Northern North Sea. Commonly such ephemeral systems are hard to define in terms of reservoir architecture, due to the difficulty in correlating such diverse and palaeontologically-barren sequences. This project aims to improve understanding of one such system, the Late Jurassic Cormorant Formation, of the Northern North Sea, through detailed sedimentological study of two outcrop analogues. The whole-rock trace element geochemical correlation technique in a variety of settings. The Lower Old Red Sandstone Moor Cliffs Formation of the Anglo-Welsh Basin provides ideal conditions for testing the whole-rock trace element geochemical correlation technique. The Moor Cliffs Formation is a low net:gross alluvial red bed suite, which by virtue of Variscan deformation, outcrops in a well-exposed, easily accessible cliff section at Priests Nose, near Manorbier, Pembrokeshire. A 100m section was sampled to determine variables that may affect whole-rock trace element geochemical correlation. The results prove that whole-rock trace element geochemical correlation can be applied to alluvial successions, despite pedogenic modification and deep burial. The Late Triassic Blomidon Formation of the Fundy Basin, Nova Scotia, provided a second outcrop example of an alluvial red-bed sequence, which was deposited in similar palaeo-climatic and tectonic conditions to the Northem North Sea Triassic. The Blomidon Formation contained a range of fluvial styles from confined channels to unconfined sheetfloods. Three sections were studied along the hanging-wall margin of the Fundy Basin, separated by up to 150km along strike. Each section provided a contrasting basinal setting, allowing comparison of facies along strike and down depositional dip. Sections were measured in detail to quantify bed geometries and facies variants, facilitating architectural analysis. Specific attention was paid to features that may be diagnostic in sub-surface cored sections of the Northern North Sea Triassic. Correlation was possible on a number of scales, using laterally continuous ephemeral marker beds within the Blomidon Formation. Detailed facies evaluation has allowed the division of the Blomidon Formation into four distinctive facies packages that vary considerably in sandstone net:gross. Each facies assemblage is defined by variations in fluvial style and occurrence of evaporite rich, ephemeral lacustrine and rare aeolian sediments. It was possible to produce a broad, basin-wide correlation scheme for the Blomidon Formation, based on these four facies packages. Detailed facies analysis of three cores from the Cormorant Formation, Tem Field, Northern North Sea allowed definition of reservoir architecture, based on models derived from outcrop analogues. The results suggest that correlation based on individual horizons and facies packages is possible in alluvial red-bed sequences through detailed sedimentological study. The whole-rock trace element geochemical correlation technique can also provide additional datasets to enhance correlation in the subsurface.
9
Larter, Tamara, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "More than 'whore' : a discourse analysis on the media coverage of the murders of sex trade workers in Edmonton, Canada, 2001-2008 / Tamara Larter." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Dept. of Sociology, c2011, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/2596.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Twenty women linked with the sex trade in Edmonton, Canada went missing or were
murdered between 2001 and 2008. In this study, I use Foucauldian and feminist theories,
via discourse analysis, to examine the ways that Edmonton’s newspapers (re)present
these murders. My findings show that the newspapers’ discourse deviantises these
women, thereby minimising the tragedy of their disappearances and deaths. This
deviantisation is deployed in three ways; by framing sex trade workers as criminally,
medically, and morally deviant. Criminal deviance places sex trade workers firmly on the
‘wrong’ side of the law, making them undeserving of police protection; medical deviance
implies that only women who are mentally ill in some way would take part in the sex
trade, and, simultaneously, hyperbolises the role of sex workers in the spread of venereal
diseases. Finally, discourses of moral deviance place sex workers on the ‘wrong’ side of
morality and femininity.
ivix, 126 leaves ; 29 cm
10
Mesa, Rodolfo. "Simplifying Sample Preparation using Fabric Phase Sorptive Extraction: Analysis of Trace Targeted Pollutant Residues in Environmental, Biological and Food Samples." FIU Digital Commons, 2017. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3513.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Sample preparation is an essential component of analytical methods in chemistry. It is not only necessary but also presents an opportunity to increase the effectiveness of the method significantly. There are various commercially available technologies for sample preparation, including numerous variations of LLE, SPE, and SPME. However, these technologies all present significant deficiencies, including the inability to extract directly from complex samples such as whole milk. Instrumental analysis has been improved greatly in the last two decades but still is not applicable to complex samples without sample preparation.
This work presents the theory of FPSE, including the synthesis of sol-gel sorbents, coating of FPSE cellulose substrates and the mechanism of retention. Original research data presented herein introduce a comprehensive view on possible applications of FPSE in forensic chemistry and otherwise. Five distinct FPSE-based methods were rigorously developed for analysis of targeted pollutant residues. These methods were validated and compare to leading methods published in peer-reviewed literature quite favorably. Four of the methods were coupled to HPLC-UV and designed for trace or ultra-trace analysis of PAHs, BTEX, substituted phenols and nitroaromatic explosives, respectively. An additional FPSE-based method was developed and validated for direct analysis of BPA and five estrogenic EDCs in commercially purchased whole milk. This latter was coupled to both HPLC-UV and HPLC(QQQ)-MS/MS.
The applicability of FPSE(PTHF) media was also tested for screening of aqueous samples and subsequent storage of analytes on the sorbent. My study included simultaneous extraction of a mixture of eight forensically significant compounds with various physicochemical properties and effective storage of each compound in frozen and ambient conditions for 32 weeks. These findings suggest that the storage ability of FPSE media can be extended as long as necessary, which is very significant in forensic laboratories where evidence often needs to be stored in a costly manner that may not be as effective in maintaining the chemical composition of the sample.
11
Brites, Alice Dantas. "Monitoramento dos efeitos ecológicos e socioeconômicos da comercialização de produtos florestais não madereiros." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/90/90131/tde-24032011-215203/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A comercialização de produtos florestais não madeireiros (PFNMs) popularizou-se como atividade promotora do desenvolvimento socioeconômico de comunidades florestais com baixo impacto ambiental. Há evidências, contudo, de que a exploração possa produzir efeitos ecológicos e socioeconômicos negativos, sugerindo que é necessário monitorar tais iniciativas. A comercialização frequentemente ocorre em áreas remotas e em contextos de pobreza, como é o caso de muitas daquelas da Amazônia brasileira. Desta forma, é necessário que o monitoramento restrinja-se a avaliar os efeitos evidenciados como mais comuns em estudos anteriores. Este estudo revisa e sintetiza as evidências científicas dos efeitos da exploração de PFNMs sobre parâmetros ecológicos e socioeconômicos e, a partir daí, indica aqueles mais relevantes ao monitoramento. O estudo também levanta até que ponto o monitoramento é implementado no contexto da Amazônia brasileira e avalia quais os parâmetros importantes e viáveis de monitoramento neste caso específico. Para isso, foram realizadas revisões sistemáticas da literatura e a consulta a profissionais da área através do método Delphi. Os resultados indicam que efeitos ecológicos negativos são frequentes, principalmente quando se coletam folhas ou cascas. Alterações em órgãos ou processos fisiológicos e a taxa de sobrevivência dos espécimes explorados são parâmetros que devem ser monitorados, em particular quando se coletam frutos e partes vegetativas. Para todos os tipos de PFNMs, o tamanho e a estrutura populacional são parâmetros prioritários ao monitoramento. A riqueza de espécies da comunidade explorada merece atenção, principalmente quando se coletam frutos. Para os aspectos socioeconômicos, efeitos positivos foram mais frequentes que negativos. A contribuição da renda monetária obtida com o comércio na renda total, a regularidade de ingresso desta renda e o papel dos PFNMs como recursos de salvaguarda são parâmetros do capital financeiro prioritários ao monitoramento. Para o capital social, o empoderamento feminino, a coesão de grupo e o acesso aos benefícios gerados pela comercialização devem ser monitorados. Na Amazônia brasileira são poucas as iniciativas de implementação do monitoramento da comercialização de PFNMs. Embora este seja considerado importante, existem dificuldades que derivam principalmente da falta de apoio institucional, políticas de incentivo e de recursos financeiros. Os profissionais participantes do Delphi consideram que os parâmetros ecológicos mais importantes a monitorar neste contexto são o tamanho e a estrutura populacional do recurso explorado, o aumento da taxa de mortalidade, a quantidade total de recurso extraída e a técnica de coleta utilizada. Para os parâmetros econômicos, aspectos do mercado, como o preço pago ao coletor, a demanda e a qualidade do produto, bem como a renda monetária obtida pelos indivíduos são os parâmetros considerados mais importantes. Por fim, para os aspectos sociais, os efeitos na cultura, na qualidade de vida e na organização interna da comunidade foram priorizados. Os profissionais indicam que é viável estabelecer o monitoramento dos parâmetros levantados.Amazon, non-timber forest products, ecological effects, socioeconomic effects, monitoring.
12
Johnson, PM. "Trade-offs between biodiversity conservation and maintaining fisheries yield from Australian marine environments : approaches using the Atlantis ecosystem modelling framework." Thesis, 2012. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/14765/2/whole-johnson-thesis-exc-pub-mat.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
There is often a conflict between conservationists and the users of natural resources. This is just as much the case in marine management as it is on land. In order to practise ecosystem based fisheries management (EBFM), as mandated by law, we must address this conflict and find a system of management that protects both the ecosystems and those that exploit them for food production. This can only be done by increased understanding of the systems, both through empirical research and by developing tools, such as models that allow us to investigate trade-offs and alternative management strategies. Ecosystem models are becoming a popular tool for management strategy evaluation (MSE), as well as to explore ecosystem dynamics in the marine environment. This thesis examines aspects of the utility of the Atlantis ecosystem modelling framework, by:
• testing its ability to capture ecosystem dynamics in southern Australian waters, especially in and around marine protected areas, which are data rich areas;
• assessing the effects of alternative parameterisations and spatial structures within the model; and
• using it to assess possible impacts of various fishing management regimes.
Preliminary examinations in the first chapter of the thesis describe the results of simulations using a relatively simple model domain. The main findings of these examinations indicate that mesopelagic fish have the potential to form a critical link in south Australian ecosystems, possibly acting as a keystone species in the system. The ecosystem model is then further developed in subsequent chapters, with a new modelling approach introduced for managing the spatial scale in models. A telescoping technique is explained that allows a large spatial domain to be modelled with a fine scale spatial structure where warranted and a coarse scale used to represent areas with fewer data available for parameterisation. This approach is an innovative extension of previous spatial resolution concepts that extends well beyond the range of scales previously considered. The implementation of this approach means the modelling framework is appropriate for exploring finely resolved spatial questions (e.g. around spatial management). This new capability is then used to test the results of the preliminary findings of the simple model, with additional model structures and parameterisations also compared to examine how the model structure may influence results. This examination reveals that spatial structure, as well as the way that trophic connectivity is parameterised, plays an important role in determining the importance of different species within the modelled ecosystem. The telescoping approach is also used to explore the further management issue of the effectiveness of no-take zones for providing increased yield outside of the protected area. This examination indicates that although no-take zones may help preserve biodiversity within the protected area, they are not sufficient to ensure sustainable fishing within the wider ecosystem context.
This thesis describes the benefits and appropriate utilisation of large, end-to-end ecosystem models, while also highlighting the limitations that must be acknowledged and taken into account. End-to-end ecosystem models cannot and should not be used as absolute predictors of ecosystem dynamics under perturbation. However, they are useful for informing on qualitative impacts that may arise from various ecosystem processes and uses. Furthermore, the work presented here demonstrates that the parameter set chosen for a model will have significant impact on model output, highlighting the importance of empirical research to provide high quality data to furnish ecosystem models.
13
Blindheimsvik, Katrine. "Is the whole greater than its components? : a new regionalist analysis of the India-Brazil-South Africa (IBSA) dialogue forum." Diss., 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/3359.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
There is a complex set of variables influencing a country's potential for economic growth. One of these
is investment, and in order to attract foreign capital flows a country needs, amongst other things sound
macro-economic policies and solid financial institutions. Solid financial institutions must be coupled with
an attention on integration of a country's financial markets. Through the building of these institutions and
a focus on integrating its financial markets a country is likely to become more attractive in the eyes of
the investors. The reason for this being important is that investment carries with it promises of economic
growth and the subsequent social upliftment. Therefore, closer cooperation between the IBSA members
is likely to offer great opportunities for India, Brazil and South Africa. It has been highlighted that a
closer integration of their financial markets might lead to them also becoming competitors in the quest
for the attention from the investors of the North. However, the loss in terms of competition is likely to be
outweighed by the benefits found in not having to face unilateralism as separate entities. New
Regionalism stresses the importance of regionalisation as a counter measure to the harmful effect of
globalisation for the marginalised countries of the world, and the topic of investment aptly illustrate this
point. Furthermore, a closer collaboration between the IBSA members as well as a continuous focus on
further integrating their financial markets into the world economy could offer great benefits. Moreover,
the trickledown effect could also broaden the scope of these benefits to include other emerging markets.
Because of this, investment is, amongst other very important sub-sectors of focus in terms of IBSA
cooperation, one of the most important one - both in terms of benefits for the individual countries, but
also due to what a successful cooperation could come to mean for the developing world in general.
The next chapter, the conclusion, will draw together the various discussion of this thesis in order to
highlight the arguments put forward and to suggest ways forward for the IBSA coalition, as well as
possible fields of further studyPolitical Science
M.A. (International Politics)
14
Jackson, Steven Fullerton. "In whose image? policy diffusion and policy process in the Chinese steel industry, 1977-1991 /." 1994. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/34787792.html.
Повний текст джерела
15
LIN, ZONG-WEI, and 林宗緯. "Whose Trades Move Stock Prices? Evidence from the Taiwan Stock Exchange." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99826y.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士國立暨南國際大學
財務金融學系
104
Even though many existing studies have discussed on the link between investors’ trading behavior and stock price changes in developed markets, the price contribution across investor types is so far unclear, particularly in emerging markets. By analyzing firms listed on the Taiwan Stock Exchange, we examine whose trades move stock prices. We first investigate the weighted price contribution across investor types. Then, we explore whether various investors’ order submission behavior affect the price contribution. Finally, we use the vector autoregression to model the joint dynamics and causal relations among stock return, individual and institutional trading volume. Our empirical results show that institutional weighted price contribution accounts for more 90%, even although individuals are dominant participants on the Taiwan Stock Exchange. Domestic institutions contribute more price movement than do foreign investors. Compared with individuals, institutional investors’ trading is associated to information-based trading and considerably moves stock prices. Particularly, foreign investors’ more aggressive orders and mutual funds’ larger trades show larger price contribution on stock return. Finally, the lagged institutional trading volume effects both stock return and individual trading volume most.
16
Chatwin, Dale. "A trade so uncontrollably uncertain : a study of the English southern whale fishery from 1815 to 1860." Master's thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/109378.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
My interest in the English southern whale fishery arose out ofa study in 1989 of the
Journal of the whaleship, Vigilant, on a whaling cruise to the Pacific between 1831 and
1833. I The events of this voyage, made under the command of an American born, yet
English-based whaling master, were fascinating, and on completion of the task I had a
good record of one English whaling voyage but many incomplete answers to questions of
a wider nature concerning the trade. The main problem, one which I had encountered
numerous rimes as I attempted to determine who owned the Vigilant and how profitable
was its whaling cruise, was that there was very little evidence about the business side of
English whaling at either a detailed or wider level.
This thesis then looks at this other side of the English southern whaling trade ; it does not
deal in depth with the events of any single cruise, the catching of whales or the numerous
visits made by English whaleships to the many attractive islands of the Pacific or East
Indies. It instead looks at English whaling as a business in the period after the Napoleonic
Wars. Following the peace there was considerable growth in factory based production in
England and the southern whaling trade was one of maritime trades to benefit from this
new activity. Machines needed oil and the best machine oil came from the sperm whale.
Reference is also made to the wider political and economic circumstances which first
nurtured the southern whaling trade then later squeezed it out of existence. By the 1840s
the southern whaling trade was a matter insignificant in the Government's trade policy.
The thesis al so charts the price of sperm oil between 1 81 0 and 1860 and examines the
demand for oil over the period. The need for oil to lubricate machines was not the only
reason why sperm oil was in high demand in the post war economy. There are hints here
and there in the whaling literature but it seems incredible that the extent of the use of
sperm and other whale oils in domestic lighting has never been clearly recorded. A result
of the gas lighting of the streets of England's cities in the 1820s and 1830s was a
concomitant desire to light the interior of houses, particularly amongst the wealthy elite.2
The nature ofwhaleship ownership is also examined and changes in the structure of the
trade brought about by pressures within the shipping industry and wider developments in
the growing British economy are highlighted and discussed. The circumstances of three
firms involved in the whaling trade during the period are detailed and an attempt to
determine the profitability of whaling using the prices index, cargo returns and some recently unearthed information detailing costs is made. Finally, the thesis returns to the
men and the ships. Arising out o:( and compounding difficulties imposed by changes
made by the government, occurred a significant deterioration in the performance of the
English ships 'on the whaling grounds' from the mid 1830s. By the 1840s, in the words
of one owner, 'fiscal and other changes ... (had] nearly annihilated both the northern and
southern whale fisheries.
17
Shih-hung, Cheng, and 鄭世宏. "THE APPLICATION OF ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES IN SECURING AND FACILITATING INTERNATIONAL TRADE WHILE IMPROVING PUBLIC WELFARE: THE CASE OF TAIWAN CUSTOMS." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57524499845182610228.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士高雄師範大學
英語學系
100
ABSTRACT The purpose of the thesis is to illustrate the application of advanced technologies in securing and facilitating international trade while improving public welfare. In addition, hopefully the thesis could help profile the rapidly modernized Taiwan Customs, actively enhance the international image of Taiwan Customs, as well as enable customs officers, who specialize in other customs related jobs, to understand how well Taiwan Customs applies the advanced law enforcement technologies in fighting against illicit trafficking. With the trend of technological development, more and more advanced technologies are applied in specialized fields, i.e. the application of RFID, X-ray, as well as radiation detectors, both in private and public sector, especially the applications by Taiwan Customs. Globalization is resulting in increasingly expanded flows of goods, information and technology. However, this is not only beneficial to legal trade; it benefits illegal trade too. These developments are resulting in the growth of the complexity of risks that have to be managed at the border. The lack of effective controls presents risks to the economy and society and can undermine gains that have been made. Therefore, Taiwan Customs has adopted and applied high-tech mobile X-ray Container Inspection Machines and conducted the non-intrusive inspection of the containers that pose high risk to enhance the security and efficiency for the shipments of container cargos. Taiwan Customs also applies radiation portal monitors to detect radiation, as well as handheld devices to identify the radioactive isotope. We call the important measure as Megaports Initiative, an initiative which aims at actively detecting and interdicting illicit trafficking in nuclear and radioactive materials across borders. Moreover, Taiwan Customs becomes the first public sector around the world after successfully applying RFID E-seal to escort the security for transshipment container. After 911, the issue on supply chain security has attracted worldwide attention. WCO develops SAFE Framework of standards to secure and facilitate global trade, and encourages governments to promote AEO system. Operators, who meet the security criteria for AEO and are certified by Taiwan customs, will be offered preferential measures to reduce goods inspection rate and expedite customs clearance. Furthermore, through international mutual recognition, the AEOs will enjoy more preferences. Therefore, Taiwan Customs is actively implementing AEO Certification and Management System, with the aim of bringing Taiwan Customs to come up with the standard. The World Customs Organization (WCO) is actively encouraging the use of the WCO Data Model in an attempt to guide countries throughout the world to build a standard customs clearance operation model, and a one-stop export/import service structure, so that cooperation among the Customs and exchange of Customs clearance data can be achieved. To meet with the standard, Taiwan Customs launches CMT Single Window Plan aiming at integrating the existing Customs Clearance System, Marine Port Information System and Facile Trade Net. In addition, Taiwan Customs also actively promotes the Advance Cargo Information service to provide public sectors with relevant electronic cargo information well ahead of the arrival of the goods to help profile and target the goods that may pose a security risk. Taiwan Customs will succeed to working on the Ubiquitous Economic and Trade Network Plan to achieve the goals of trade facilitation and security, and will try its best to conform to international norms and standards to positively enhance the international image of Taiwan Customs.
18
Lee, Kuan-Lin, and 李冠霖. "Research of the Attitudes towards the Establishments of People Whose Professions Are Related to Sex Trade Zone in Kaohsiung Area." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7ujqvs.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士樹德科技大學
人類性學研究所
107
Though boasting for being a democratic, open, diverse and compassionate country, Taiwan poses a relatively conservative attitude toward “sex” issues. Surely, the rights of sex workers cannot be protected concerning their work rights, bodily autonomy and the right of freedom. With the laws and decrees about sex work prefecture, all the local authorities reluctantly set up such prefectures. What on earth causes such a complex? Do sex workers fail to be acknowledged? This study aims to arouse public attention to sex work prefecture through studying and analyzing literature review. By doing so, those in need can get their human needs satisfied and fulfilled. That the government does nothing but to ban it may results in unlicensed prostitute, compelling a good female to prostitute, intervention of organized crime and drugs. Through the government’s central management, the social source of chaos in the society might be under control, the transparency of unlicensed prostitute may be achieved and the government may have more financial income after the imposition of tax. Besides, the marginal sex industry and sex workers can get more compassion, respect and understanding via rigorous management policy and measures. Thus, the core values of Taiwan such as freedom, democracy, openness, diversity and compassion.
19
Luong, J. "Planar microfluidic devices and selective detection in gas chromatography : techniques and applications." Thesis, 2013. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/17544/10/Whole-Luong-_thesis-ex-pub-mat.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This graduate research work addresses current techniques and method developments in gas chromatography. The two major themes of the work are to enhance the chromatographic performance and reliability of contemporary capillary column chromatography with the use of planar microfluidic devices, and to garner the power rendered by selective detectors such as micromachined differential ion mobility detection for the improvement of chromatographic aspects related to the portability, selectivity, sensitivity, and throughput of analytical systems. Included in this work are innovative analytical methods developed and successfully implemented to address difficult, unmet, and unarticulated chromatographic needs that have been encountered by the community of practice, particularly in the petrochemical and chemical industries.
Over the course of the development of gas chromatography as a technique, many useful analytical approaches were developed to take advantage of the availability of hundreds of packing materials employed as stationary phases. However, the tools and devices designed for the use in column connectivity for the packed column era are not purposely meant for contemporary capillary column technology. Unfortunately, reliable options are few and far between. Recent advances in metallurgy, metal injection molding, deactivation chemistry, laser etching, and diffusion bonding techniques have resulted in the availability of planar microfluidic
devices with features such as built-in fluidic gates, leak-free durability, improved inertness, in-oven and non-contact switching. Therefore, planar microfluidics becomes an important area of research in chromatography. In this work, the important tactical and strategic use of the aforementioned devices in capillary gas chromatography was realized with multiple chromatographic system configurations developed. The use of the device(s) for multi-dimensional gas chromatography, for hyphenated techniques, epitomized by a unified 1D/2D analytical configuration and two-dimensional gas chromatography – mass spectrometry were attained.
When properly applied, selective detection can substantially ease the burden of separation traditionally imposed on the analytical column especially when the matrices of the samples are increasingly complex to tackle. Selective detection is an enabler to high-speed gas chromatography which is a key component in the development of portable and hand-held analytical devices. Therefore, research conducted in this field is not only important but critical to the capability of and sustainable development for gas chromatography as a technique. In the current research, the performance, benefit, and impact of using differential ion mobility spectrometry with resistively heated temperature programmable micromachined gas chromatography is investigated and its usefulness highlighted. The synergy of hyphenated techniques with other contemporary selective detectors such as the pulsed sulfur chemiluminescence detector and mass spectrometry detector operating in selected ion monitoring mode are also reaffirmed and illustrated in challenging industrial applications.
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Ivanescu, Cristian. "On the classification of simple C*-algebras which are inductive limits of continuous-trace C*-algebras whose spectrum is the closed interval [0,1]." 2004. http://link.library.utoronto.ca/eir/EIRdetail.cfm?Resources__ID=94715&T=F.
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