Дисертації з теми "Whole of government reporting"
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1
Fellows, Terry A., and Jason L. Percy. "A whole of government approach for national security." Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/10401.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Approved for public release, distribution unlimitedMBA Professional Report
The national security system the President uses today allows little flexibility and agility to protect this nation from ever changing national threats. The lack of a common national government culture that facilitates a shared vision is evident. Additionally, the lack of inter-agency coordination and cooperation forces departments to focus on their own objectives and goals. However, with today's challenges, the demand for inter-agency collaboration has grown, and it has been identified as a necessity to achieve an adequate level of national security for the nation. The national security structure needs to operate as a system rather than a collection of separate components. A whole of government approach to planning, and programming and budgeting national security is a concept that could establish a unified effort between inter-governmental agencies to maximize all available resources in a collaborative effort. "Addressing new security challenges is less about an objective of dominance and more about predicting, preventing, and managing disruptions, such as proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, terrorist acts, global contagions, and natural disasters. This has led to the call for a whole of government approach to national security" (Gockel, 2008, p. 6). This project investigates how this approach could be developed and implemented across the federal government.
2
Fellows, Terry Percy Jason L. "A whole of government approach for national security." Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/MBAPR/2009/Dec/09Dec%5FFellows%5FMBA.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
"Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Business Administration from the Naval Postgraduate School, December 2009."Advisor(s): Jones, Lawrence ; Brook, Douglas. "December 2009." "MBA Professional report"--Cover. Description based on title screen as viewed on January 28, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: Whole of Government Approach, WOG, National Security, Budget Process. Includes bibliographical references (p. 49-52). Also available in print.
3
Schneider, Annika Barbara Sabine. "Intellectual Capital Reporting by the New Zealand Local Government Sector." The University of Waikato, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2382.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Sweeping financial management reforms occurred in New Zealand during the late 1980s and early 1990s which radically changed the face of the New Zealand public sector. These reforms sought to significantly restructure and reorganise local government thereby improving their effectiveness and efficiency and improving their accountability to their stakeholders. The principal vehicle for the discharge of this accountability is the annual report, which must be prepared according to Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (GAAP) and commercial principles. Organisations in the private sector are beginning to recognise the value of accounting for intellectual capital (IC) (see for example Quinn, 1992; Brooking, 1996; Sveiby, 1997; Edvinsson Malone, 1997; Bontis, Dragonetti, Jacobsen Roos, 1999; Guthrie, Petty Johanson, 2001; Bounfour, 2003). Studies on the measurement, management and reporting of IC have been undertaken internationally in Asia (Abeysekera Guthrie, 2005; Goh Lim, 2004; Ordenez de Pablos, 2002), Australia (Guthrie Petty, 2000), Europe (Bozzolan, Favotto and Ricceri, 2003; Olsson, 2001; Ordenez de Pablos, 2004), United Kingdom (Collier, 2001; Williams, 2001) and Ireland (Brennan, 2001). Despite the significant research interest in the field of intellectual capital internationally, scant attention has been paid to intellectual capital reporting by commercial organisations in New Zealand. An extensive review of the IC literature yielded only two New Zealand based studies (Miller Whiting, 2005; Wong Gardner, 2005). Further, no studies to date have addressed intellectual capital reporting by local governments in either New Zealand or internationally. This study aims to fill this gap through the development of an intellectual capital disclosure model that could be applied to local authorities. The research describes and explains the development of a disclosure index used to measure the extent and quality of current intellectual capital disclosure by local authorities in New Zealand. The index was developed through a consultative process with a panel of local government stakeholders which was used to establish the weightings for each item. The final index comprised 26 items divided into three categories: internal capital, external capital and human capital. The 2004/2005 annual reports of 82 New Zealand local authorities were scored for extent and quality of disclosure against the index. The results indicate that intellectual capital reporting by local authorities is varied. Manukau City Council scored the achieved the highest overall score (76%) out of the 82 reports analysed while Whakatane District Council scored the lowest with 33%. The most reported items were joint ventures/business collaborations and management processes. The least reported items were intellectual property and licensing agreements. The most reported category of intellectual capital was internal capital, followed by external capital. The least reported category was human capital. The findings indicate a number of areas of reporting that could be improved in order to meet with stakeholder disclosure expectations. In the internal capital category, intellectual property disclosures could be improved. In the external capital category disclosure concerning ratepayer demographics and licensing agreements could be improved. In the human capital category, disclosure of most items could be improved, in particular, entrepreneurial innovativeness and vocational qualifications. The study provided an insight into the current level and quality of intellectual capital disclosure by the NZ local government sector. The results indicated that local authorities are disclosing some aspects of intellectual capital in their annual report, however there is no consistent reporting framework, and many areas of IC disclosures are not meeting stakeholder expectations. More research is needed in the area of intellectual capital reporting in the public sector. This study provides a preliminary framework which can be used by local authorities to enhance intellectual capital disclosures in their annual reports.
4
Texel, Putnam P. "Exploring Government Contractor Experiences Assessing and Reporting Software Development Status." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/204.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Reports from academic, commercial, and government organizations have documented software-intensive system cost and schedule overruns for decades. These reports have identified lack of management insight into the software development process as one of many contributing factors. Multiple management mechanisms exist. However, these mechanisms do not support the assessment, and subsequent reporting, of software completion status. Additionally, the conceptual framework, based on industry standards, is limited in its relevance to this study due to an emphasis on what is needed while deferring implementation details. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore U.S. government contractors' lived experiences of assessing and reporting software completion status with current measurement mechanisms. Twenty program or project managers responded to interview questions targeting positive and challenging experiences with current measurement mechanisms. Qualitative analysis of the experiential data was based on open and axial coding conducted on interview transcripts. Analysis indicated that costly resources are applied to metrics that do not provide the required level of management insight into completion status. These findings have positive social change implications for program managers, project managers, and researchers by documenting the need to develop relevant and cost-efficient status metrics to provide the critical insight required by management to reduce overruns.
5
Tang, Pui-sze Suzuya. "A comparative study on the environmental reporting of the public sectors in Hong Kong and Japan." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38210769.
Повний текст джерела
6
Al-Ketbi, Humaid-Ali. "Government accounting and performance reports in the United Arab Emirates." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2001. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/government-accounting-and-performance-reports-in-the-united-arab-emirates(780976ee-96e2-413c-afb3-9b25e8a594dc).html.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
During the last three decades, financial reporting, performance measurement and accountability for the use of resources by the public sector have received a great deal of attention in numerous countries, especially in the developed world. This study is concerned with exploring these issues in the public sector of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and, specifically, its central government. Following an initial introductory chapter a detailed analysis of the literature relating to financial reporting and performance measurement in the public sector is undertaken. This is then developed through a detailed study of the financial reporting and auditing requirements specified under UAE law. This analysis reveals a number of weaknesses in the system of governmental reporting adopted in the UAE. As a result of the literature survey and the findings relating to the system of financial reporting by central government practiced in the UAE two key areas are then developed through the research methodology outlined in the text. Firstly, issues relating to government financial reports are examined. These include the: importance of financial reports, frequency and purposes of using financial reports, quality of financial reports, potential ways of improving financial reports, external potential users of financial reports and, finally in this section, reasons that prevent the users from reading or using governmental financial reports in the UAE. Secondly, various issues relating to performance measurement in the public sector are also discussed. These concern: the importance of non-financial information, methods of comparison, reasons for conducting performance measurement, users of performance measurement reports, reasons that prevent government units from carrying out performance measurement, procedures undertaken by the external audit for measuring performance, the quality of audit reports, ways of improving audit reports, the external potential users of government audit reports, and the reasons that prevent the external auditor carrying out performance auditing in governmental units in the UAE. Finally appropriate conclusion on the basis of the analysis is presented.
7
King, David Lorne. "Comprehensive Output Measurement: The 'Missing Link' in U.S. Federal Government Performance Reporting." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/25224.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Performance and accrual-based financial management systems as envisaged in the 1990 Chief Financial Officers (CFO) Act, the 1993 Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA), the 1996 Federal Financial Management Improvement Act (FFMIA) and related legislation have been in place since prior to the turn of the millennium. Nevertheless, although performance has been measured and financial accountability improved in U.S. federal government agencies, there remains a gap in reporting on operational efficiency and effectiveness. This dissertation extends research into performance management to determine the extent to which performance measurement systems report on operational efficiency and effectiveness and thereby further facilitate performance management. It examines outputs as the unit-of-analysis within the input-output-outcome framework of performance measurement and reporting systems and their integration with accrual-based financial management systems in assessing government operations. It challenges the predominantly outcomes-focused reporting system as insufficient to the objective of improved operational efficiency and effectiveness. The research methodology employs qualitative analysis of selected agency performance reports, interviews of selected agency senior managers and oversight officials, analysis of previous research on performance reporting, and analysis of GAO survey data. The research examines an increased focus on output reporting as a means to improve operational efficiency and the linkage of outputs to outcomes as an effectiveness measure. The research leads to the conclusion that very little output efficiency or effectiveness measurement and reporting is occurring. The failure to measure performance in this manner is to the considerable detriment of operational efficiency, effectiveness and cost reduction in the federal government.Ph. D.
8
Beck, Kirk A. "A decision making model of child abuse reporting." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0021/NQ48604.pdf.
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9
Tse, Hin-man, and 謝衍文. "Educational policy making in Hong Kong: a case study of whole-day primary schooling." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31966032.
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10
Keller, James Cliff. "Fixing the whole-of-government approach in failed states-a model for security force assistance." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2010. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2010/Jun/10Jun%5FKeller.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (M.S. in Defense Analysis)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2010.Thesis Advisor(s): Simons, Anna ; Second Reader: Sepp, Kalev. "June 2010." Description based on title screen as viewed on July 14, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: failed states, under-governed spaces, Security Force Assistance, sovereignty, Africa, Special Operations Command--Africa, oil-spot, counterinsurgency, Special Operations Forces, whole-of-government, Building Partner Capacity. Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-72). Also available in print.
11
Zakaria, Abdul-Malik Seidu. "Impact of Fiscal Decentralization on Quality Financial Reporting at the Districts in Ghana." Thesis, Walden University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3706084.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study examined the impact of fiscal decentralization on quality financial reporting at the local government level in Ghana. The study is important because it provides development partners with the assurance that Metropolitan, Municipal, and District Assemblies (MMDAs) funds are used for their intended purposes. The study was based on the theory of local public expenditures, which posits that fiscal decentralization may enhance local capacities for service delivery. The key research question examined the extent to which fiscal decentralization has influenced quality financial reporting at the local level. The research design was quantitative, randomly sampling stakeholders in the local government structures including traditional rulers, assembly members, principal spending officers, budget officers, auditors, and accountants (n = 65). Descriptive plots, Pearson chi-square, and multiple regression analysis were used to examine the relationship between the dependent variable of quality financial reporting and the independent variables of expenditure responsibilities, taxation powers, intergovernmental fiscal transfers, and borrowing powers. The results of the analysis revealed taxation powers to be the most significant contributor to quality financial reporting. Quality financial reporting improved internally-generated resources, reduced audit queries, and served as a basis for granting funds to MMDAs. The study recommends that MMDAs be given taxation powers to enable local assemblies to generate more revenue so as to minimize the need for the transfer of funds from development partners and central government. The significant social change implication of this study lies in giving MMDAs control of service delivery at the local level.
12
Sowden, Mark Muirhead. "An investigation into reporting human resource information in the statements of service performance of government departments." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Accounting and Information Systems, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2713.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Human resource costs comprise a significant proportion of New Zealand government
departments' operating expenditure, thus, reporting on these resources is important.
Yet, to date, a practical alternative to the monetary valuation and reporting of human
resources has still to be found.
This thesis examines the usefulness and practicality of reporting non-monetary human
resource information in government departments' statements of service performance.
The examination was conducted through a mail questionnaire sent to all 39 government
departments, with a response rate of 87% (34 questionnaires out of 39 sent) being
achieved. Personal interviews were then conducted with two of the respondents.
The majority (84%) of government department financial controllers believed it was
necessary to report non-monetary human resource information. A statement of service
performance (SSP) received 61% support as the method of disclosure, followed by a
statement of resources (48%), a separate human resource report (45%), and a chief
executive's report (42%). There was considerable support for the disclosure in the SSP
of several items of human resource information as either inputs, outputs or outcomes.
A number of costs and benefits were also identified by respondents as resulting from
the disclosure of human resource information in the SSP. However, when comparing
the overall costs and benefits, the majority of respondents did not expect such reporting
to be cost effective. These results indicate that, although there is support in theory for
reporting non-monetary human resource information in government departments' SSPs,
further research is necessary to determine the practicality of such reporting.
The results of this thesis have extended the literature concerning disclosure of human
resource information. Many costs and benefits associated with the provision of
monetary human resource information have been found to apply to the reporting of
non-monetary human resource information. Furthermore, many of the non-monetary
human resource measures suggested for the private sector were found to be applicable
to public sector organisations, specifically New Zealand government departments.
13
Smith, Kenneth Alan. "Towards an understanding of the factors associated with municipal service efforts and accomplishments reporting : an investigation of economic and political incentives /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3013023.
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14
Strahm, Ann Marie. "Prestige press reporting of war and occupation : enemy combatants or a coalition of the willing? /." view abstract or download file of text, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1331401111&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=11238&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2007.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 223-241). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
15
Newby, Sonja Pont. "Consolidation accounting: a history of the development of financial reporting standard FRS-37 and sector-neutral consolidation accounting for Crown financial reporting by the New Zealand Government." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Accountancy, Finance and Information Systems, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/868.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis provides a narrative account of the development of the sector-neutral financial reporting standard FRS-37: Consolidating Investments in Subsidiaries, applicable to both government and the private sector in the New Zealand institutional setting. The protracted promulgation of this accounting standard over eight years is the research event of interest. New Zealand's overhauled Public Finance Act 1989 introduced a requirement for the Crown to produce accrual consolidated accounts prepared in accordance with GAAP. Consolidation GAAP was vague however and a preferential modified equity accounting method was used throughout the development period of FRS-37. This seemed contradictory to the sector-neutral GAAP stance since the method was not allowed in the private sector. After FRS-37 was approved the Crown was required to present financial reports incorporating its interests in State Owned Enterprises and Crown entities on a fully consolidated basis. Subsequently international developments in government accounting put the viability of so-called NZ GAAP into question. The research objective was to better understand what happened. The historical method of Porter (1981) is used to trace the changes shaping the event. This involved consideration of antecedent and subsequent conditions around the event as well as its internal development. The event of FRS-37 commenced in September 1993 following the establishment of the Accounting Standards Review Board by the Financial Reporting Act 1993 which necessitated the development of a sector-neutral consolidation standard for approval, and concluded around October 2001 when FRS-37 was approved. The comparative antecedent period commencing around 1985 indicated the contextual conditions leading into the event, and the subsequent period to 2006 following FRS-37's implementation showed changed conditions that confirmed the event's conclusion. The contribution of this thesis is that it documents the defined event and explains what happened, offering understanding of the issues around consolidation accounting, sector-neutral GAAP and public sector financial management.
16
Roberts, Brent L. "A Review of Government Financial Reporting Research Post-GASB 34 and Investigations of GASB 54 Fund Balances." VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5839.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
My dissertation consists of three studies. My first study builds a literature review of state and local general-purpose government financial reporting research (including bond and financial condition research) after Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) Statement No. 34’s issuance in 1999. The research referenced shows that reporting information after GASB 34 has, and will, continue to shape governmental financial reporting studies.
My second study examines both the rearrangement of governmental fund balance amounts after GASB Statement No. 54 and the factors associated with updated fund balance categories. My pooled ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions show that pre-standard “unreserved” fund balances had greater variance in allocation to GASB fund balance categories than “reserved” fund balances. In my determinants analysis, general service charges and wealth are positively, while prior deficits, population, and unemployment are negatively, related to GASB 54 governmental fund balance categories that have higher spending flexibility. The findings suggest reporting consistency improvements with GASB 54 requirements.
My third study examines how GASB 54 flexible governmental fund balance types are associated with future bond-specific outcomes and future revenue/expenditure compositions. Estimating pooled OLS regressions, the results demonstrate that future bond interest costs decrease and bond ratings increase as the amounts of “unrestricted” or “unassigned” balances increase. Flexible fund balance changes are also positively related to future operating expenditure changes, while negatively related to future property tax, service charge, and specific intergovernmental revenue changes. These results indicate that flexible fund balance information signals financial health, affecting both external and internal decision-making.
17
Tang, Pui-sze Suzuya, and 鄧貝詩. "A comparative study on the environmental reporting of the public sectors in Hong Kong and Japan." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38210769.
Повний текст джерела
18
Alkhatib, Esraa. "Digital reporting by small private companies in the UK." Thesis, Brunel University, 2016. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/13601.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis investigates the factors that affect the take-up of statutory digital reporting of statutory accounts and returns to the tax authority (HM Revenue and Customs) and voluntary digital reporting to the company registry (Companies House) by small private companies in the UK. In doing so, it identifies the costs and benefits of this innovation from the perspectives of the filers and those using the digital information. The first stage of the study comprised 16 semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders: HMRC, Companies House, the external iXBRL consultant at HMRC, filing software suppliers, and accountants in business and practice. The interview data was analysed thematically, aided by NVivo. The second stage involved an online survey of 343 ACCA members working in small companies or in practices with small company clients. The survey data were analysed using the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method. As hypothesised, the results show a significant positive association between digital reporting and the company having the technological competence and between digital reporting and support for this from top management. As predicted, there is evidence of a significant negative association between digital reporting and the complexity of the process, and between digital reporting and the cost of technology. However, the study finds no evidence of a significant association between digital reporting and compatibility of digital reporting with the company’s accounting system, statutory requirements with government, or network effects. The results provide evidence of a significant positive association between digital reporting and benefits to filers, and between digital reporting and benefits to those using the digital corporate data. The latter association is mediated by the digital search and data services provided by Companies House. To the author’s knowledge, this is the first study to investigate digital reporting to HMRC after it became mandatory for small companies in the UK. The study contributes to the emerging literature by extending our knowledge of the costs and benefits of digital reporting by small companies. It contributes to theory by developing and validating a theoretical model of the factors affecting the take-up of digital reporting and by extending the model to provide further understanding of this technology. The results should be of interest to the directors of small companies and their accountants. They will also be of interest to policy makers seeking to reduce the administrative burdens on smaller entities in the UK and to regulators in other jurisdictions planning for digital reporting initiatives.
19
Alexander, J. R. "Community indicators: development, monitoring and reporting." Lincoln University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1164.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The New Zealand Government is striving to improve the way it measures progress and plans for change in an integrated ‘whole of government’ manner. The Local Government Act 2002 serves to strengthen participatory democracy and community governance. Under the Act, local authorities are charged with monitoring, and, not less than once every three years, reporting on the progress made by the community in achieving its outcomes for the district or region. These outcomes belong to the community and encompass what the community considers important to progress towards. Indicators that measure economic, social, environmental, cultural and democratic progress at local level are a primary tool that local authorities use to measure the progress towards their desired outcomes. To successfully track progress, it is important that indicators are technically sound and reflect the values of the entire community. The monitoring of indicators is expected to be ongoing and participatory. The New Zealand Government has leant heavily towards a decentralised locally driven approach to community indicators. The purpose of this study was to explore the manner in which different local authorities have undertaken community indicator: development, monitoring and reporting. This was undertaken through a two pronged approach: 1). A scoping exercise assessing the contents of eighteen local authority LTCCPs, 2). In-depth case studies of community indicator programmes of five of the eighteen local authorities. It was found that the approaches used to develop, monitor and report community indicators ranged abruptly across local authorities. Some councils appear to have relatively robust and meaningful indicator processes in place, which are both technically sound and have gained representative community input. In contrast, other councils hold a compliance mentality towards community indicators and have done the bare minimum when designing their indicator frameworks. These frameworks have tended to be council dominated with few opportunities for community involvement. In addition to this, local authorities poorly communicated indicators through their LTCCPs. The inadequate information detailing indicators processes is unlikely to both educate and promote community buy-in. Councils must place greater emphasis on the engagement of the entire community including other governmental departments, to ensure that indicators are relevant and meaningful for all. Consistency across local authority indicator frameworks will also help to ensure that all local authorities are working in an integrated manner towards the common goal of improving community well-being. Initiatives such as the Linked indicators Project and the Quality of Life Project are possible methods of ensuring consistent indicator frameworks. Finally, councils must provide greater information about community indicators within their LTCCPs.
20
Svärdsten, Nymans Fredrik. "Constituting performance : Case studies of performance auditing and performance reporting." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-83435.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of this thesis is to problematize how and under what conditions organizational performance is constituted in the practices of performance auditing and accounting. Organizational performance disclosure is a world-wide phenomenon for enabling accountability relationships in large organizations regardless of the societal sector they operate in. In constitutive accounting literature, there is a well-established notion that accounting and performance auditing enable “government at a distance” by representing organizational actions and results of those actions, i.e. by constituting performance. Accounting and performance auditing have been regarded as “technologies of government” that make government from spatial and temporal distances possible by linking political and programmatic ambitions, i.e., the will of a superior, to everyday organizational conduct. However, whereas many previous studies of accounting and performance auditing as technologies of government focus on the discourses over the technologies of accounting and performance auditing, this thesis focuses its analysis on the operationalization of these technologies in local organizational settings. By studying the constitution of performance in the practices of accounting and performance auditing this thesis contributes by problematizing that which supposedly makes government at a distance possible. The thesis is based on two case studies of performance audit and two case studies of performance reporting. On the basis of these papers, the thesis studies the constitution of performance in performance auditing and accounting. Whereas the constitution of performance may seem stable and unproblematic at the level of discourse, this thesis suggests that constituting performance is a complex process of social construction that requires significant organizational efforts and that the ability of accounting and performance auditing to connect political and programmatic ambitions to daily organizational conduct cannot be taken for granted. The thesis suggest that once we acknowledge that performance is a socially constructed representation of organizational actions and begin to pay attention to how performance is constituted in local organizational settings, we can find new ways of addressing the ongoing challenge of constituting performance in accounting and performance auditing and increase our understanding about the ability of these practices to enable government at a distance.At the time of doctoral defence the following papers were unoublished and had a status as follows: Paper nr. 2: Manuscript; Paper nr. 3: Manuscript; Paper nr. 4: Manuscript
21
Howard, Samuel Hering. "Still keeping watch:Measuring sourcing from statehouse news covering Springfield and Harrisburg in 1986 and 2014." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1461333225.
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22
Tuckey, Sarah Christine. "Gendering Canada's Whole-of-Government Approach? Militarized Masculinity and the Possibilities of Collaboration in the Kandahar Provincial Reconstruction Team." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39018.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
When Canada took on the leadership role of the Kandahar Provincial Reconstruction Team (K-PRT) in Afghanistan, the liberation of women and children via multi-departmental collaboration was promoted by the government as a critical goal of the operation. Research from the fields of public administration, international development, and critical security studies hypothesizes that collaborative approaches to governance, particularly in fragile states, ensures that greater resources are available to address human rights issues, including gender equality. It is therefore surprising that the gendered implications of Canada’s collaborative governance commitments within the K-PRT have not been deeply explored. Through a feminist frame analysis, informed by critical and post-structural feminist theory, this dissertation asks whether the Canadian collaborative approach permits more attention to be paid to policy and programming on gender equality. Framing the case of the K-PRT from a feminist perspective, this dissertation identifies the hegemony of masculinity within the policy context that guided the Canadian collaborative approaches in Kandahar, highlighting how international guidelines for collaboration legitimized the leadership of the military and instrumentalized gender for militarized purposes. It also exposes the masculine structure of the K-PRT, identifying how the design of the PRT favoured the might of the military, and presented the exceptionalism of women as the only marker of gender. Finally, this dissertation highlights the narrative of masculinity that is threaded throughout the K-PRT, working to normalize the militarization of civilian departments and actors implicated within the Canadian collaborative approach. The application of a gender lens to the case of the K-PRT reveals the necessity of feminist analysis of collaborative approaches, as these are increasingly being seen as best practices for addressing state fragility worldwide.
23
Drabold, David William. "REVIVING STATEHOUSE REPORTING: A STARTUP PLAN FOR AN OHIO NEWS NONPROFIT FOCUSED ON GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY JOURNALISM AND AUDIENCE ENGAGEMENT." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1461887542.
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Hurst, Gavin. "The due process of accounting standard setting in Australia : the case of AAS27 : financial reporting by local governments." University of Ballarat, 2003. http://archimedes.ballarat.edu.au:8080/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/14636.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
"This study enquires into the accounting standard system in Australia and questions the appropriateness of its core democratic participatory vehicle, the due process. In doing so it highlights issues associated with self-regulating authorities and their policy making practices. The study is pertinent to the extent it reviews a major paradigm shift within the Australian public sector and more specifically local government financial reporting. Spanning the course of three decades it examines the reasons for such a paradigm shift, the major actors involved, the actual changes made and the effectiveness of those changes."Doctor of Business Administration
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Liu, Yu. "Professional communicators and mouthpiece operators : dual identity of Chinese journalists in CCTV." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2007. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/817.
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Michel, David. "Efficient and Responsible Incident Management : Designing a Service Desk Web Application with Integrated Major Incident Reporting Functionality for Swedish Government Agencies." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för datavetenskap och medieteknik (DM), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-105852.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this 7.5 HEC B-level thesis in Computer Science, a service desk web application is designed for Swedish government agencies with integrated major incident reporting functionality to the Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency (Myndigheten för samhällsskydd och beredskap). There are several advantages to integrating the major incident reporting procedure into the regular incident management process - information would no longer have to be duplicated, and the problems of untraceability and under-reporting could additionally be solved. The proof-of-concept application was designed and partially developed with ASP.NET Core (MVC) web framework and Bootstrap front-end framework. The user interface was evaluated with heuristic evaluation by the author and two master’s students in Information Security at Luleå Technical University. Although the proposed software and interface design may have left room for improvement, it did highlight the societal need for an efficient and responsible incident management process and the general benefits of integration.
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Dickinson, Lauren A. "The Strength of State Government Reporting| How In-Depth News and Investigative Coverage by Six U.S. Newspapers Fared from 2005 Through 2014." Thesis, The George Washington University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10124762.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
America’s legacy media institutions, particularly print newspapers, experienced transformational change from 2005 through 2014. The Internet’s rise as an advertising competitor, coupled with an historic economic downturn beginning in 2007, led to crippling financial hardship. In response, many newspapers slashed budgets, staff, and content. These trends raise lasting concerns about the vitality of American journalism. Previous research documents the industry’s financial woes, explores implications for its future, and proposes reforms. This study contributes to the literature by examining how news content changed during this unique period. Specifically, it assesses how state government reporting by six U.S. publications—California’s The Sacramento Bee and Los Angeles Times, Florida’s Tallahassee Democrat and Tampa Bay Times, and Pennsylvania’s The Philadelphia Inquirer and The Patriot-News—fared from 2005-14. A systematic content analysis of more than 4,000 articles measured two key indicators of journalistic strength over time: (1) the volume of in-depth news articles, and (2) the amount of investigative coverage. The research shows that across the six outlets, in-depth news pieces declined 30 percent from 2005-14, and investigative coverage dropped 17 percent. Half of the outlets experienced three or more consecutive years without any investigative coverage of state government. Below these topline trends, however, was a great deal of variation by outlet and year. These findings empirically support what media scholars and observers alike have suspected: The financial crises of the preceding decade diluted news content. More importantly, they underpin concerns that powerful actors are making critical choices on behalf of citizens with weaker media watchdogs holding them accountable.
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Mamuji, Aaida. "Understanding Government Decision-Making: Canada’s Disaster-Relief in Haiti and Pakistan." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31704.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Canada coordinates its responses to natural disasters abroad through implementing its ‘whole-of-government’ policy framework. The two largest natural disasters that struck in 2010 were the January earthquake in Haiti and the flooding in Pakistan seven months later. In contrast to the fast and robust earthquake relief provided to Haiti, Canada’s response to the Pakistan floods was minimal, especially when considering the extent of damage sustained. This dissertation applies a public administration lens to trace factors that led to the Government of Canada’s 2010 disaster-relief decisions. It develops a multi-level theoretical framework to holistically explore the role of problem-definition in shaping decision-making. It applies historical institutionalism at the macro level; recognizes the role of case-specific details and arenas at the meso level; and uses the logic of appropriateness to identify informal institutions affecting individual action at the micro level.
Analysis of interviews, government documents and media coverage indicates that bureaucratic actors involved in the whole-of-government approach recognize that their role is ultimately removed from final disaster-relief decisions. There is an informal acceptance that political will, more than needs in the disaster-affected region, shapes implementation decisions. Consequently, technical assessment is inadvertently affected, and recommendations reflect what is deemed most in line with ministerial disposition to assist. The primary motivators for Government of Canada action are found to be the gaining of public support or the need to subdue targeted criticisms. Findings indicate that as a result of its media appeal, there was a strong incentive for the deployment of military assets in response to the earthquake in Haiti, even when doing so was not in the best interest of the affected region. Where Canada could respond only with non-military means, there was less incentive for action. This leads to supply-driven relief rather than a needs-based humanitarian response.
With the developed theoretical framework, process-mapping and media analysis methodologies, and the actor-centred approach adopted, the dissertation makes theoretical and empirical contributions to existing public administration literature on decision-making and problem definition. It also presents a hitherto unexplored perspective on donor behaviour for consideration by international relations and development scholars.
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Gagnon, Michelle L. "Global Health Diplomacy: Understanding How and Why Health is Integrated into Foreign Policy." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23141.
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This study explores the global health diplomacy phenomenon by focusing on how and why health is integrated into foreign policy. Over the last decade or so, precipitated primarily by a growing concern about the need to strengthen global health security and deliver on the Millennium Development Goals, foreign policymakers have been paying more attention to health as a foreign policy concern and several countries have adopted formal global health policy positions and/or strategies. To elucidate a deeper and clearer understanding of how and why health is integrated into foreign policy, this thesis used a case study research design that incorporated literature and document review and interviews with twenty informants to conduct an in-depth analysis of the United Kingdom’s (UK) Health is Global: A UK Government Strategy 2008-13. Health is Global represents the first example of a formal national global health strategy developed using a multi-stakeholder process. Briefer background case reviews of three nations that are leaders in global health diplomacy - Brazil, Norway and Switzerland, were also conducted to inform the analysis of the in-depth case. Policy analysis included categorizing data into five areas: context (why?), content (what?), actors (who?), process (how?) and impact (so what?). The Multiple Streams Model of Policymaking and Fidler’s health and foreign policy conceptualizations - revolution, remediation and regression - were used to analyze the findings. Based on this analysis, the primary reason that the countries examined have decided to focus more on global health is self-interest - to protect national and international security and their economic interests. Investing in global health was also seen as a way to enhance a state’s international reputation. In terms of self-interest, Brazil was an outlier, however. International solidarity and health as a human right have been the driving forces behind its long-term investment in development cooperation to date. Investing in health for normative reasons was also a prevalent through weaker theme in the UK, Swiss and Norwegian cases. The study highlighted the critical role that policy entrepreneurs who cross the domains of international relations and health play in the global health policymaking process. In regards to advancing a conceptual understanding of global health diplomacy, the findings propose that the whole-of-government global health policymaking process is a form of global health diplomacy. The thesis elucidated factors that underpin this process as well as lessons for other nations, in particular, Canada. While ascertaining the impact of national global health strategies was not the main objective of this thesis, the study provided an initial look at the impact of these policy instruments and processes. Such impacts include better collaboration across government actors leading to enhanced policy coherence and a more strategic focus on global health. Finally, some have argued of late that the global health revolution is over due to the current world economic crisis. Considering the level of interest in whole-of-government global health strategies and the ever growing and sophisticated world-wide global health policy community, based on this thesis, the global health revolution is alive and well.
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Nedvigo, Maria. "Att skapa förtroende genom transparens : Hållbarhetsutveckling utifrån den svenska statens och de statliga bolagens perspektiv." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-30615.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Inledning. Stora klimatförändringar och ekonomiska kriser har allt tydligare börjat peka mot att det behövs ett nytt hållbart tankesätt i hur vi lever, driver företag och vad vi lämnar efter oss till nästa generation. I Sverige har framförallt miljödebatten tillsammans med ett förändrat samhällsklimat skiftat synen på långsiktighet, till att idag utgöra en viktig del i de flesta företags långsiktiga strategier. Emellertid har tidigare forskning visat att utan en statlig hänsyn kommer de mer avancerade utmaningar som företagen ställs inför att förbli underutvecklade. Den svenska staten som är en betydlig företagsägare har sökt hålla sig i framkant genom att tidigt främja sådant arbete inom sina företag. 2008 infördes en obligatorisk redovisning av hållbarhetsansvar förstatliga bolag enligt en internationell standard, -GRI. Ett av syftena med detta var även att främja transparens i de statliga bolagens arbete med hållbarhet samt en transparent redovisning av detta arbete. Enligt den tidigare forskningen är transparens ett vitalt villkor för hållbarhetsarbete och utgör ett krav för de statliga bolagen. Syfte. Uppsatsens syfte är att undersöka vilken betydelse kravet på transparens har för utvecklingen av hållbarhetsarbetet i de statligt ägda bolagen samt hur väl bolagens och statens uppfattning av begreppet transparens stämmer överens. Metod. Det är en kvalitativ flerfallstudie som baserar sig på sex djupa intervjuer, varav fem av dem avser de statliga bolagen och en intervju med näringsdepartement. Även en genomgång avde års-och hållbarhetsredovisningar som är tillgängliga på bolagens hemsidor har gjorts för att se hur redovisning av hållbarhetsansvaret har förändrats under åren. Slutsatser. Transparens är en av grundpelarna i allt hållbarhetsarbete. Transparens innebär att vara öppna och ärliga, redovisa sina resultat oavsett utfall, samt våga tala om sina risker och hur dessa hanteras. Uppfattningen som den svenska staten och de statliga bolagen har angående transparens och dess betydelse för hållbarhetsarbete stämmer till en hög grad överens och skiljer sig mest i den rollen som GRI:sriktlinjer spelar för transparens kvalité. Genom ett krav på extern granskning och en obligatorisk redovisning enligt GRI, ägardialoger samt statens egna hållbarhetsanalyser, säkerställer den svenska staten en god och jämn nivå på transparent hållbarhetsarbete hos de statliga bolagen. Tack vare GRI:s G4 fokus på väsentlighet och dialog med intressenter, säkerställer en robust transparens förtroendet för företagen och utgör ramen för en bra hållbarhetsredovisning. Det finns dock en del svårigheter med transparens och GRI, förknippade till delvis bristfälliga indikatorer samt avsaknaden av utarbetad praxis och rutiner för hållbarhetsredovisning enligt GRI.Background. Big climate change and economical crises have ever more clearly showed the need for a new sustainable way of thinking, on how we live our lives, run our companies and what we leave for the next generation. In Sweden the environmental debate has combined with a changed social atmosphere shifted public opinion in sustainability, to what is today an integral part inthe long term strategy of most companies. However, earlier research has shown that without government consideration, the more advanced challenges will remain unanswered. The Swedish government is a major shareholder and owner of several companies and has sought to remain in the advantaged by favoring that kind of work within there companies. In 2008 a law was passed which made obligatory thesustainability reporting inaccordanceto a international framework, -GRI. One of the primary purposes of this was toenforce transparency in the sustainability work of government owned companies and a transparent accountingof that work. According to theearlier research, transparency is a vital part of sustainability work and constitutes an absolute condition on the government owned companies. Purpose. The purpose of this thesis is to research what meaning the term transparency has for the development the sustainability work in governmentally owned companies as well as how well the interpretation of the term transparency correlate with that of the government. Methodology. This is a qualitative case study, based on six in depth interviews, five of whichare regarding government owned companies and one is with the ministry of enterprise and innovation. A study of the financial statements and sustainability reporting available on the company webpages has been made to determine how this sustainability reporting has changed over time. Conclusions. Transparency constitutes part of the foundation in all sustainability work.Transparency means to be open and honest, to report your results no matter the outcome, and to dare talk about risks and how they are managed. The perception that the Swedish government and state owned companies have regarding transparency and its importance for the sustainability work is in the same line and differ mostly in what role the GRI plays for transparency. Through the condition of external audit, a mandatory reporting in accordance to GRI, owners dialogue, and the governments own sustainability-analysis, ensures a high sustained level of transparent sustainability-work of the governmentally owned companies. Because of the focus of GRI:s G4 on the essential elements and dialogue with stakeholders, transparency create trust in the governmentally owned companies, and constitutes the framework for a good level of sustainability-reporting. There are however a few difficulties with transparency and GRI, associated with flawed indicators or the lack of a working precedence and any set of routine for sustainable reporting according to GRI.
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Murta, Maria Paula Marques Teixeira da Costa. "Governação colaborativa e a administração pública orientada para o cidadão: estudo de caso Balcão Perdi a Carteira." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/6551.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Tese de Mestrado em Administração PúblicaDesde o final da década 70, que os Governos têm vindo a encetar uma série de reformas, com o propósito de alterar o paradigma do modelo de gestão burocrática ou tradicional pelo modelo gestionário, assente nos princípios da NPM, a eficácia, a eficiência e a economia. A introdução destes princípios na governação, tem pressionado os Governos a promoverem reformas nas suas Administrações Públicas, para transformar as suas estruturas, os seus processos e procedimentos, mas acima de tudo a sua cultura, de modo a responder com maior eficácia às necessidades dos cidadãos. Contudo, a introdução da NPM na governação pública, tem levantado alguns problemas de fragmentação do setor público, com efeitos negativos no controlo e na coordenação das políticas e das organizações públicas. Em consequência têm emergido movimentos de reforma posteriores, de que salientamos o New Public Service (NPS) e o Whole of Government (WG), os quais aspiram à qualidade e à integração e coordenação entre organizações públicas e privadas, para dar respostas integradas às necessidade dos cidadãos. Através do Estudo de Caso Balcão Perdi a Carteira, que se constitui num exemplo de um novo paradigma de gestão pública, centrada na Governação Colaborativa para a prestação integrada de serviços públicos, tentaremos responder à questão de partida da nossa dissertação – Como foi possível a cooperação entre diferentes serviços públicos e um privado, para a disponibilização de um serviço integrado em balcão único, o Balcão Perdi a Carteira, na Loja do Cidadão de Lisboa Laranjeiras no ano 2007? – assentando a nossa análise no conceito de Recetividade, para compreender os fatores que explicam a complexidade da mudança organizacional.
Since the late '70s, that governments have been initiating a series of reforms, in order to change the paradigm of bureaucratic or traditional management model to managerial model based on the principles of NPM, the effectiveness, efficiency and economy. The introduction of these principles in governance, has pressed governments to promote reforms in their public administrations, to transform their structures, their processes and procedures, but above all their culture, so as to respond more effectively to the needs of citizens . However, the introduction of NPM in public governance, has raised some problems of fragmentation of the public sector, with negative effects on the control and coordination of policies and public organizations. Consequently reform movements have emerged later, that stress the New Public Service (NPS) and the Whole of Government (WG), which aspire to quality and the integration and coordination between public and private organizations, to provide integrated responses to the needs of citizens. Through the Case Study Balcão Perdi a Carteira, which is an example of a new paradigm of public management, focused on Collaborative Governance for integrated delivery of public services, we will try to answer the initial question of our thesis - How was it possible the cooperation between different public services and one private, for the provision of an integrated service in a one-stop mode, the Balcão Perdi a Carteira in the Lisbon Citizen Shop of Laranjeiras in the year 2007? - basing our analysis on the concept of receptivity to understand the factors that explain the complexity of organizational change.
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Le, Roux Conette. "Politics and HIV and AIDS in South Africa : an analysis of the media reporting during the presidency of Thabo Mbeki (1999-2008)." Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80298.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.Bibliography
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: When South African President Thabo Mbeki began doubting that HIV was the cause of AIDS in the late 1990s, failed to provide AIDS medication and stalled its introduction, openly supported HIV pseudoscientists and doubted HIV statistics, one of the most widely reported debates in the country’s history emerged. When two independent 2008 studies found that the death of approximately 330 000 South Africans could have been prevented between 1999 and 2007 if President Mbeki’s HIV policy made provision for AIDS medication, the AIDS debate was re-introduced, and it was these findings that provided the motivation for this study. The purpose of this study was to provide a historical perspective on HIV reporting in the media during Mbeki’s presidency in order to answer how the media reflected and reported on his HIV policy, and also to provide possible reasons for the way the media reported on the matter. Research has shown that the government (particularly President Mbeki and his health ministers) and AIDS social movement organisations (particularly the Treatment Action Campaign [TAC]) were the main actors framing the AIDS epidemic in South Africa. Thus, this study examined the media’s HIV trail in reporting on these actors’ responses and counter-responses by means of content analysis. Qualitative analysis, in the form of questionnaires sent to health journalists who reported on HIV during this period, was completed in order to provide the possible reasons for the media’s reporting style. During the content analysis it was found that the media reporting was mostly positive towards the TAC and mostly critical towards Mbeki and his government, and the results of the questionnaires verified this, but also provided reasons why the media were mostly critical of Mbeki and his government. One principal reason was that the government’s policies on HIV were so blatantly contrary to scientific evidence and medically unethical that it was the media’s duty to fulfil their watchdog and surveillance role.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Toe die Suid-Afrikaanse president, Thabo Mbeki, in die laat jare negentig begin het om die oorsaak van VIGS in twyfel te trek, daarin misluk het om VIGS-medikasie te verskaf en produksie daarvan vertraag het, en openlik MIV-pseudowetenskaplikes ondersteun het en MIV-statistiek bevraagteken het, het ’n debat met moontlik van dié wydste nuusdekking in die geskiedenis van die land posgevat. Die VIGS-debat het weer op die voorgrond beland nadat twee onafhanklike studies in 2008 bevind het sowat 330 000 Suid-Afrikaners se dood kon tussen 1999 en 2007 vermy gewees het indien president Mbeki se MIV-beleid voorsiening gemaak het vir die verskaffing van VIGS-medikasie. Hierdie bevindinge het die motivering vir die studie verskaf. Die doel van hierdie studie was om ’n historiese perspektief van die mediadekking van MIV tydens Mbeki se presidentskap te verskaf om sodoende vas te stel hoe die media die debat oor Mbeki se MIV-beleid weerspieël het, maar ook om die redes te bepaal vir die manier waarop die media oor die kwessie berig het. Navorsing het getoon die regering (spesifiek president Mbeki en sy gesondheidsministers) en aktivistegroepe (spesifiek die Treatment Action Campaign [TAC]) was die hoofkarakters betrokke by die fokussering van die VIGS-epidemie in Suid-Afrika. Dus het hierdie studie probeer om die media se MIV-spore met betrekking tot beriggewing oor hierdie akteurs se stellings en reaksies deur middel van inhoudanalise te bestudeer. Kwalitatiewe analise in die vorm van vraelyste wat aan gesondheidsjoernaliste gestuur is wat in hierdie tydperk beriggewing oor MIV gedoen het, is gebruik om moontlike redes te verskaf vir die manier van beriggewing. Tydens die inhoudanalise is bevind dat mediadekking meestal positief teenoor die TAC was en meestal negatief teenoor Mbeki en sy regering. Die resultate van die vraelyste het dít bevestig, en redes verskaf waarom die media meestal krities was teenoor Mbeki en sy regering. Een van die vernaamste redes was dat die regering se beleidsrigtings met betrekking tot MIV so blatant teen wetenskaplike bewyse gekant was en boonop medies oneties was, dat dit juis die media se plig was om die rol van waghond te speel.
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Klein, Albert W. Jr. "Dona nobis pacem: Occupied before jus post bellum?" University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1573569456466366.
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Harris, Robert Lee. "Evaluating the Military Police Corps' Active Shooter Preparedness Plan." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7388.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Military Police Corps' active shooter preparedness plan is inadequate because several updated tactics, techniques, and procedures that have been developed over the past 20 years and implemented by civilian law enforcement agencies have not been incorporated, leaving the Corps less prepared during active shooter events. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to examine how Military Police Corps leaders trained their law enforcement and support personnel to respond to an active shooter event. The institutional analysis and development framework was used to analyze the day-to-day operational decisions within the Military Police Corps. Data for the qualitative case study were collected through semi structured interviews with 15 Military Police Corps leaders and soldiers across 5 military police battalions in the United States and Europe and military police training records. These data were subjected to axial and open coding, followed by a thematic analysis procedure. Participants perceived that the Corps' active shooter preparedness training hours and methodology are insufficient to maintain proficiency in active shooter preparedness, that dispatchers are not properly trained on receiving active shooter calls, and that live exercise training for first responders is inadequate. Recommendations for Military Police Corps leadership include updating the training methodology for first responders and dispatchers, providing better tactical equipment for first responders, and revising policies in order to improve the Military Police Corps' active shooter preparedness program. Implementation of these recommendations may promote public safety.
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Roeder, Lee Ann. "A study of Indiana legislators' perceptions of local media coverage, 1995." Virtual Press, 1996. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1033644.
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The relationship between the media and politicians is uncertain at best. This study examined the attitudes of Indiana state senators and representatives with regard to the way they are treated by their local media. It is based on a study conducted in 1990 by Dr. Daniel Riffe, that sought similar opinions from Alabama state lawmakers.The hypothesis assumed that legislators who indicated they found the media useful would not view them as adversarial. A 39% response rate was achieved, which while not high enough to statistically validate findings did indicate a rejection of the hypothesis, as well as reveal other interesting observations.Department of Journalism
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Martindale, Linda Shirley. "Racism, criticism or, inept reporting? : racism in the media, the relationship between the state and the press, and the standard of journalism in South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53025.
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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2002.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The furor around racism in the media was brought to the surface in 1999 when the Black Lawyers Association and the Association of Black Accountants of South Africa appealed to the South African Human Rights Commission to investigate the South African media. This request was based on the presumption that the South African media was rife with racism and urgently required attention. The subsequent enquiry was the source of much controversy and accusation. Almost three years since the enquiries inception, the issue of racism in the South African media has not disappeared despite decreasing media coverage in recent months. When the South African Human Rights Commission launched the enquiry into racism, prominent media leaders including key editors and newspaper representatives were summoned to appear before the controversial Commission. Some media leaders felt the Commission was a direct attack on the freedom of the Press. Others felt the enquiry was long overdue or slammed it as an all-time flop. Furthermore, pure and simple criticism of the government is still perceived as racism when it is the Press fulfilling its role as the 'watchdog of democracy' . Various Press theories, for example Developmental or Libertarian, impact on the perceived role of the Press in a democratic nation. The standard of journalism in a country can also impact on the way in which the press is perceived. For example, there are times when inept reporting is misunderstood as racist reporting. This assignment is a broad overview of the enquiry into racism in the media and the concerns around this issue as well as the response to it. It takes a closer look at the role of the media and the relationship between the media and the state. In particular, it focuses on how criticism of the government can be misread as racism, as well as investigating how the standard of journalism impacts on the way in which the media serve the public. The South African National Editors Forum launched a skills audit in 2002 and the results were surprisingly negative. The general standard of journalism in South Africa was assessed as "low". This assignment looks at the findings of the audit in the light of the above questions surrounding the standard of journalism as it pertains to reporting on race and accuracy, understanding and objectivity. The last section of the assignment takes a brief look at several examples of how to report on race in South Africa and what to be aware of when considering sensitivity to race issues. The questions as to whether it is racism, healthy criticism misconstrued as racism, or simply inept reporting, are explored. Although an expansive topic by nature, this paper provides an overview of the key issues pertaining to media ethics as it pertains to racism in the South African media.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die skandaaloor rasisme in die media was te vore gebring in 1999 toe die Black Lawyers' Association en die Association of Black Accountants die Suid Afrikaanse Menslike Regtes Kommissie gevra het om die Suid Afrikaanse media te ondersoek. Die versoek was gebaseer op die gedagte dat die Suid Afrikaanse media rasisties is en dringend aandag nodig het. Die ondersoek was baie kontroverseel en het na baie beskuldiging gelei. Omtrent drie jaar nadat die ondersoek begin het, is die kwessie van rasisme in die Suid Afrikaanse media nog lewendig alhoewel daar minder daaroor geskryf is in die land se publikasies. Toe die Suid Afrikaanse Menslike Regtes Kommissie die ondersoek op rasisme begin het, is belangrike media leiers - redakteurs en koerant verteenwoordiges - voor die Kommissie geroep. Sommige van die media leiers het gevoel dat die kommissie 'n direkte aanval op Vryheid van die Pers was; ander het gevoel dat die Ondersoek belangrik was en nog ander dit as 'n mislukking bestempel het. Eenvoudige kritiek van die regering deur die Pers is ook as rasisme gesien alhoewel hulle die rol van 'bewaarder van demokrasie' vervul. Daar is verskeie Pers teories, byvoorbeeld "Developmental" of "Libertarian" wat die persepsie van die rol van die pers beindruk het. Die standaard van joernalistiek in 'n land bepaal deur hoe die Pers gesien is. Byvoorbeeld, somtyds is slegte verslaggewering as rasisties bestempel. Hierdie opdrag is 'n wye oorsig van die ondersoek op rasisme in die media, die bekommernis oor die kwessie en die reaksie daaroor. Dit kyk nader na die rol van die media en die verhouding tussen die media en die staat. Dit fokus op hoe kritiek van die regering as rasisme misgelees kan word en gee ondersoek aan hoe die standard van journalistiek na beskuldiging van rasisme kan lei. Die "South African National Editors' Forum" het 'n Vaardighede oudit in 2002 opgedoen en die uitslae was negatief. Die standaard van joernalisme in Suid Afrika was as "laag" assesseer. Hierdie opdrag kyk na die oudit se vindings in die lig van die bogenoemde vrae oor die standard van joernalistiek: verslaggewing oor rase en akuraatheid, en objectiviteit. Die laaste deel van die opdrag kyk na verskeie voorbeelde van hoe om oor rase verslag te gee en waaroor te dink as jy sensitief teenoor rase kwessies wil wees. Die volgende vrae is na gekyk: Is dit rasisme; gesonde kritiek wat as rasisme bestempel word, of eenvoudig, slegte verslaggewing? Hierdie opdrag gee 'n wye oorsig oor die belangrike kwessies van media etiek in verhouding met rasisme in die Suid Afrikaanse media.
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Bachan-Persad, I. "Press and politics in Trinidad and Tobago : a study of five electoral campaigns over ten years, 2000-2010." Thesis, Coventry University, 2012. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/22b3f05d-1383-47b6-bc31-48cd19bcbeb9/1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis analyzes the role of the press in five political campaigns in Trinidad and Tobago, over a ten year period, from 2000 to 2010. Using framing theory, it seeks to determine if the level of structural and partisan bias in the three daily newspapers in the country was a major factor in the outcome of general elections. This thesis further examines how press coverage of national elections contributed significantly towards development of a healthy democracy in Trinidad and Tobago and this research on media and politics, especially over a defined period of electoral volatility in the country, is the first of its kind in the Caribbean and will complement existing literature written on this subject worldwide. It is also the only comprehensive study on media bias in electoral coverage of political campaigns in Trinidad and Tobago in a context in which there have been public allegations of media bias by political leaders in the country. The two - pronged methodological approach of content analysis, and interviews with media practitioners allow for both qualitative and quantitative analysis of case studies of electoral campaigns using innovative research tools such as a bias scale and coding template, to minimize the margin of error in the analysis. In this thesis the issue of whether the press did have an influential effect on election outcome is also explored. Based on analysis and findings, this thesis proposes a new model of media and politics for countries like Trinidad and Tobago transitioning from a system of authoritarianism to liberalism called an “emerging liberal democratic model”. The evolution of this model is a work in progress which may have implications for other similar societies.
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Christensen, Rachel Atkin. "Beyond Antagonistic Nonprofit Accountability: A Case Analysis of Practitioner Responses to the Contracting Regime." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/63986.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The longstanding framing of accountability in principal-agent terms has encouraged adversarial and oppositional interactions and ways of thinking amongst nonprofit and funding agency practitioners within government-nonprofit relationships. These interactions are deeply rooted in the accountability claims made by government funders and responded to by nonprofit practitioners. This dissertation outlines the implications of nonprofit-government contracting for participating nonprofit organizations and explores various strategies practitioners in those institutions utilize to respond to the challenges raised by their relationship to public funders. To understand the tensions surrounding government accountability claims, I provide an overview of the emergence of the contracting regime and an exploration of the understanding of accountability that has attended its evolution. Through an in-depth qualitative case study, constructed on the basis of interviews, observation, and document analysis and following a grounded theory approach to analysis, I explore various nonprofit manager responses to the norms and pressures of the contracting regime. I chronicle nonprofit practitioners\' responses to contracting regime pressures, including accepting those norms, even when arguably inimical to their organization\'s mission, ignoring them in favor of serving clients, or leaving the employ of organizations altogether. I also explore examples of practitioner efforts to navigate outside of the contracting regime\'s antagonistic framing and engage both with powerful stakeholders and others in their organizations to negotiate changes. Drawing on the theoretical lens of agonism, I examine the context and characteristics of those responses to provide insights into how nonprofit managers might move beyond antagonistic accountability frames.Ph. D.
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Tassell, Brad. "I'm Gonna Write That Down: Research on Bullying and Recognition of Perception Toward Initiation of Intervention a Whole-School Approach to Bringing all Stakeholders' Perceptions on Bullying in Line and Training Students to Distinguish Tattling from Reporting in Grades 3-6." TopSCHOLAR®, 2013. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1303.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Research on whole-school bullying programs shows some effectiveness in creating awareness and a reduction in overall bullying with vigilant supervision. Roleplaying games repeatedly taught to students help them deal with bullying in specific situations, but all these interventions leave a great deal to be desired when conditions are not in line with the training, most of which most are not (Smith, Schneider, Smith, & Ananiadou, 2004). In addition, student perceptions can differ from the staff and administration. A wide gap exists between how students, parents, teachers, and administrators perceive bullying. Students remain confused and flounder in the moment when they feel bullied, while bystanders are statistically shown to be scared and even help the bully in many cases (Mishna, Pepler, & Wiener, 2006). This study examines research from the past 10 years on the effectiveness of whole-school programs. Two main criteria include: (1) A comprehensive “macro” comparison study of research leading to a “micro” examination of specific school research, and (2) an examination of the importance of recognizing perception and creating interventions that any student can utilize no matter their level of fear. In addition, an introduction and an explanation of the ideas and concepts of the I’m Gonna Write That Down program are included.
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Kisuke, Connie Syomiti. "An investigation of the role of news values in the selection of news sources in a contemporary third world newspaper: a case study of the Daily Nation newspaper." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002900.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
News in our contemporary newspapers has come to be associated more and more with what the elites do and say. Both their deeds and misdeeds are treated as newsworthy events and in the process they become newsmakers, both actors and sources of news. Even when they are not directly involved in news events they are sought out by journalists to validate those events and to interpret the social reality to the readers as news sources. This study is about the selection of news sources in the Daily Nation, a contemporary, independent newspaper based in Nairobi, Kenya. In this study, I set out to unravel the complex processes that underlie newsmaking and source selection. This study is informed by the theory of news values and the paradigm of the role of media in democracy. Based on qualitative interviews, observations and content analysis of the front-page stories, it investigates the process of news and source selection in front-page stories. Through these approaches, I established that news values are significant criteria that inform journalists in both the selection of front-page news stories and the sources of these stories. I also established that social values of the society in which this newspaper operates are heavily embedded in the news. For example, the journalists preferred male politicians as sources of news in the front-page stories to women, and the elites to ordinary people, and this reflected on the social structures and cultural norms that are prevalent in this society. This study, further, established that the news values of this newspaper share commonly with the Western news media in terms of journalistic conventions and ways of interpreting the social reality in the news. Ideally, the newspaper embraces the principles of democracy in news reporting, but in practice it does not satisfactorily adhere to the full requirements of its democratic role in terms of source selection. The democratic principles in news reporting require, among other things, that the newspaper should allow a diversity of views in the news, representing various groups that are found in real society including the elites, non-elites, women, ordinary people and minorities. In the case of the Daily Nation, a tiny group of elite male professional politicians made up the largest majority of its front-page news sources.
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Passos, Rodrigo Luppi dos. "A implementação de políticas intersetoriais : estudo de caso dos Centros Educacionais Unificados." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFABC, 2017.
Знайти повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Vera Schattan Ruas Pereira CoelhoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Políticas Públicas, São Bernardo do Campo, 2017.
Esta pesquisa analisou a implementação de políticas intersetoriais a partir do estudo de caso dos Centros Educacionais Unificados (CEUs) Heliópolis e Butantã. Analisou-se fatores comuns (homogêneos entre os dois CEUs) e fatores específicos (podem variar entre eles), que constrangem ou fomentam a intersetorialidade. Os fatores comuns analisados foram: coordenação governamental; concepções e valores associados ao CEU pelos diferentes setores envolvidos na sua implementação; disputa entre secretarias pela hegemonia política sobre a agenda; capacidades técnicas das secretarias; já os específicos foram: relação da gestão com a sociedade local; redes locais para implementação; liderança local; perfil das burocracias locais; prioridade política atribuída pela gestão municipal ao equipamento ou território. O trabalho foi desenvolvido a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica acerca da temática da implementação de políticas intersetoriais, de pesquisa documental sobre o CEU e em entrevistas com atores relevantes das Secretarias de Educação, Cultura, Esporte e dos CEUs Heliópolis e Butantã. Os resultados apontaram que a intersetorialidade variou entre os dois CEUs, fruto dos fatores específicos, em que pese constrangimentos advindos dos fatores comuns.
This study analyzed the implementation of Unified Educational Centers (CEUs) Heliópolis and Butantã. It seemed to verify how commons and specifics factors constrained or facilitated intersectionality features. The methodology was based in search for theoretical frameworks about intersectionality; a document analysis about CEUs implementation and conduct interviews with some relevant actors. The study's results show that intersectionality varies in CEU Heliópolis and Butantã according to specific factors.
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Mefford, Miriam Seveses. "Balancing Internal Controls with Change Management in the Pacific Military Unit." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7267.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Federal government managers were advised to strengthen internal controls; the law dictates attestation of effective management controls, and the internal control program is used to detect risks. However, managers lacked preparatory training, with training being overlooked given the increased responsibilities. Managers are assigned the programmatic role regardless of the lack of program standards in knowledge, skill, and ability. The research questions addressed change management components, concepts, and core qualifications relative to program readiness. The purpose of this single case study was to identify and explore change management components contributing to the effectiveness of internal controls. The conceptual framework was based on Lewin's change concepts of unfreezing, moving or changing, and refreezing phases with the inverse principle in field theory. Thirteen professionals from the pacific military unit in Hawaii participated in semistructured interviews. Inductive coding was used to thematically analyze the data. The key results of the emerged themes illustrated how: organization skillset was used for linking change components to internal controls, assessment was a tool used for transforming a manager's concept, and experience was essential in leading change core qualifications. Significance of the study was the promotion of stronger measures in preventing fraud, waste, and mismanagement of limited resources. The research results could inspire social change by increasing communication and collaboration to benefit senior leaders, and financial and program managers. The value-added training concepts and leadership innovation, and how managing change relates to internal control could lead to program success thus benefiting all primary stakeholders.
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Jernmo, Mikael, and Amanda Henebäck. "Hållbarhetsarbete i svenska kommuner : En studie om kommuners arbete med miljönyckeltal och miljöredovisning." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-54240.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Offentlig sektor anses inneha ett centralt ansvar för den fortsatta utvecklingen av hållbarhet då de ser till att främja och forma människors liv i samhället. Dock anses det svårt att ge en helhetsbild av hållbarhet inom kommuner eftersom begreppet är diffust och används i många olika sammanhang, i vissa fall enbart för att det förväntas användas. Lyckas inte kommuner med sin hållbarhetsutveckling kan det få stora konsekvenser för framtida generationer som inte har möjligheten till en hållbar livsstil. Denna studie undersöker Sveriges kommuner och deras arbete med mätning av miljöarbetet samt miljöredovisning. Kommunernas hållbarhetsarbete har blivit allt viktigare i takt med att människans påverkan på miljön har uppmärksammats och organisationer förväntas ta ansvar för att minska sin miljöpåverkan.The public sector is considered to hold a key responsibility for the further development of sustainability as they look to advance and shape the lives of people in society. However, it is considered difficult to give an overall picture of sustainability in municipalities where the term is vague and used in many different contexts, in some cases only because it is expected to be used. If municipalities are not successful in their sustainability work it could result in serious consequences for future generations, who will not have the possibility of a sustainable lifestyle. This study examines the municipalities and their work with measurements for environmental performance and sustainabillity reporting. The sustainability work of municipalities has become increasingly important as the human impact on the environment has been observed and organizations are expected to take responsibility for reducing their environmental impact.
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Abdullah, Nor Azimah Chew Binti. "Occupational health and safety management perceptions in Malaysian public hospitals: implications for the implementation of standardized management systems." Thesis, Curtin University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1339.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
All industries in Malaysia, including government organizations, have had to comply with the Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 to fulfill their responsibilities as an employer to ensure that workers have a safe workplace. The Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 requires employers to perform minimum duties to ensure the safety, health and welfare of their workers, thus, the joint responsibility between employer and employees in the government organizations are expected to ensure the safety of a workplace. Although this regulation binds employers, the Social Security Organization (SOCSO) statistics showed a fluctuation in industrial accidents, from 114,134 accidents in 1995 to 85,338 accidents in 1998, then the accidents increased to 92,074 in 1999, 95,006 in 2000, and subsequently the accident was reduced to 85,926 in 2001 until 56,339 in 2007. As a consequence, the adoption of an effective OHS management system as a tool to assist in meeting legal obligations should ensure the development of a safety culture and provide the best approach to reduce accidents in an organization. Thus, government organizations need to transform the philosophy of the Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 into reality and the implementation of an OHS management system will assist in resolving OHS problems successfully and is also a means to legal compliance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the information about current OHS practices that can influence the development and implementation of an effective OHS management system and provide a systematic process for the implementation of a OHS management system to enable the Malaysian public hospital sector to meet its OHS obligations.This study used a correlation quantitative non-experimental investigation, i.e. survey, where the study focused on collecting and analyzing the data in a single study. Proportionate stratified random sampling was used in selecting the respondents. 418 employees from three state hospitals in the northern region of Malaysia participated in this study and that gave a response rate of 43.15%. The questionnaire was adapted from the Safety Climate Assessment tool, where it was to identify perceptions of the hospital employees regarding several OHS management elements and implication towards their OHS performance. Analysis of data was done using SPSS version 12 and AMOS 4.0 and the outcomes of the data were evaluated and recommendations were made on the strategies to introduce an effective implementation of an OHS management system in the hospital sector in Malaysia.From the structural equation modeling, this research demonstrated that a direct relationship existed between the independent variables and dependent variables. The reliability results revealed that the measurement constantly assesses what it is intended to measure and all the scales shown reasonable validity in determining how well the concept is defined by the measures. The findings of this study revealed that the general view of employees with regard to their OHS practices was in the range of low to medium, indicating a mixture of "disagree" to "almost agree". Based on the perceptions of employees to have effective OHS practices in the workplace, this study also disclosed evidence that the critical elements of occupational health and safety management were accident and injury procedures, leadership style, management commitment, health and safety objectives and safety reporting procedures, and safety training. In addition, the findings of this study reported five elements including health and safety objectives, safety reporting, management commitment, the role of the supervisor, and leadership style were seen to support the implementation of an effective OHS management system, however, safety training was not significant but lack of safety training might hinder the effective management of OHS. In sum, the significant results of this study were (1) management commitment; (2) health and safety objectives; (3) training and competence; (4) role of supervisors; (5) safety reporting; (6) leadership style; and (7) safety incidents: accidents and injuries in the workplace. It seems that all elements of OHS management and one dependent variable that are safety incidents were critical to ensure good practices of OHS in the workplace.Lastly, some implications of this study were this survey's instrument can be an effective measurement tool to demonstrate improvement and to reflect on how to improve problematic areas in their workplace. Furthermore, employees' perceptions are vital as a realistic approach of determining whether an organization has attained an acceptable level of safety in their workplace.
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Nodoba, Todani. "The political role of black women journalists in post-apartheid South Africa : Sowetan (1994-1999)." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/18112.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2011.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Black journalists in South Africa have played a crucial role in exposing the political oppression of black South Africans during the Apartheid era. In this regard the Sowetan newspaper made a great contribution. However, the political role that black women journalists played at the Sowetan has been ignored, before and after 1994. After 1994, political black women journalists at the Sowetan continued to make strides despite the hostile environment that these women journalists worked in. The limitation of beats and assignments, lack of promotions and many other challenges that black women journalists faced during this period made their work environment unfriendly and hostile towards their performance. This study examines the political role made by black women journalists at the Sowetan newspaper from 1994 to 1999. The study shows how the black women journalists brought different perspectives in news at the Sowetan through their manner of reporting and also how they viewed matters within the context of a new democracy in South Africa.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Swart joernaliste in Suid-Afrika het ’n onontbeerlike rol gespeel in die onthulling van die politieke onderdrukking van swart Suid-Afrikaners tydens die apartheidsjare. In hierdie verband het die Sowetan-koerant ’n groot bydrae gelewer. Die politieke rol van swart vrouejoernaliste by die Sowetan is egter geïgnoreer, voor en ná 1994. Ná 1994 het politieke swart vrouejoernaliste by die Sowetan steeds opgang gemaak, ten spyte van die vyandige omgewing waarin hierdie vroue gewerk het. Beperkte opdragte en spesialisonderwerpe om te dek, ’n gebrek aan bevordering en die talle ander uitdagings wat swart vrouejoernaliste in hierdie tydperk moes trotseer, het hul werksomgewing onvriendelik en vyandig gemaak met betrekking tot hul werksverrigting. Hierdie studie ondersoek die politieke rol wat vanaf 1994 tot 1999 deur swart vrouejoernaliste by die Sowetan gespeel is. Die studie toon aan hoe die swart vrouejoernaliste ander nuusperspektiewe na die Sowetan gebring het, met die wyse waarop hulle verslag gedoen het en ook waarop hulle aangeleenthede in die breë verband van ’n nuwe demokratiese bestel in Suid-Afrika beskou het.
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Hess, Martin Christopher. "The Australian Federal Police as an International Actor: Diplomacy by Default." Phd thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/144278.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Under traditional International relations theory, diplomacy
relates to relations between sovereign nations. There have been
two broad schools of thought on the dynamics behind these
relations: the ‘realist’ school, which tends to consider
power and conflict as the major lens through which such should be
viewed, and the ‘idealist’ school which tended to focus on
cooperation rather than conflict. Between these two extreme
views, a third school, the English School of International
Relations, also known as the British Institutionalists, provides
somewhat of a compromise view, acknowledging the merit of both
realism and idealism, by accepting that power remains an
important element but also advocating that acceptance of common
norms and institutions plays a significant role in determining
relations, or the International Society between states.
In 1977 Hedley Bull offered the following definition of
International Society when he stated that International Society
… exists when a group of states, conscious of certain common
interests and common values, form a society in the sense that
they conceive themselves to be bound by a common set of rules in
their relations with one another, and share in the working of
common institutions.
This thesis is not specifically related to International
Relations theory, which deals with inter-state relations. Whilst
inter-state conflict and international relations remain important
drivers of foreign and military policy, there is a growing
recognition that it is intra-state conflict avoidance and
post-conflict reconstruction which increasingly mitigate the risk
to the safety, security, peace and prosperity of nations and
regions. Much of this disquiet has its roots in
maladministration, poor governance and a lack of justice. These
are areas in which traditional approaches to foreign intervention
via trade, aid and military force have limited effect, and in
which effective consent-based policing and justice can play a
significant part in building sustainable and peaceful outcomes.
This thesis discusses the role played by a non-traditional actor
in the international arena, the police, specifically the
Australian Federal Police (AFP), in addressing some of these
intra-state justice and governance issues in a constantly
changing, unstable and unpredictable global and regional
environment. The thesis is intended to outline the diversity and
versatility of AFP activities and to contextualise them in terms
of non-traditional New Diplomacy. The aspects of diplomacy of
most significance relate to diplomatic qualities or traits of the
individual police officer, diplomatic behaviours of these
members, and diplomatic outcomes of their activities. As such
the thesis does not relate directly to International Relations
theory or to International Society, as espoused by Hedley Bull.
There are, however, some interesting intersections which are
worthy of note. There are some critics of the English School who
argue that it is Eurocentric. Today’s International Relations
originated in the 19th century when a number of European nations
formed a club of ‘civilised’ states bound by international
law, which expanded around the globe to involve all nations. This
concept has been used to explain the lack of imperative for a
supra-state or world government to maintain orderly inter-state
relations, as the force which binds them is consent to agree to
common interest and values within a global rules-based order.
In terms of policing on an international scale, global government
is simply too unwieldy. There are a number of global,
consent-based institutions such as the United Nations and
INTERPOL, which fulfil this requirement to a certain extent. The
AFP has had long involvement with both of these global
institutions, as well as several regional policing institutions.
In terms of conflict-oriented ‘realism’ and cooperative
‘idealism’, policing walks both sides of the street. As this
thesis will discuss, the whole posture of liberal-democratic
policing is conflict prevention, and the means by which such
police carry out their daily duties is by cooperation. This is
the context in which replication or expansion of International
Society should be considered in relation to the activities of the
AFP internationally and regionally.
This thesis is by definition Eurocentric, or more specifically
Anglo-centric, due to the historical fact that the AFP draws all
of its principles from Australia’s British antecedents and
adheres to a largely ‘western’ or European notion of human
rights values.
This thesis explores the role of the AFP as an international
actor. The thesis asserts that effective international policing
has never been more important in linking the international with
the domestic. The way the AFP operates in a landscape where
traditional policing paradigms are rapidly changing, due to
ever-changing, political, diplomatic, and transnational issues,
is examined in the context of the ‘globalisation paradox’, of
both needing and fearing, global governance simultaneously, as
raised by Anne-Marie Slaughter in her book, A New World Order.
The way the organisation has evolved from its origins, based on
Western liberal-democratic policing values, approaches and
skills, to an organisation involved in international policing and
diplomacy at the highest levels, while still retaining its
liberal-democratic credentials is explained. It is argued that in
the contemporary international and Australian context, the AFP is
an effective and experienced agency. It is further argued that
this is a distinctive form of new diplomacy, appropriate to an
increasingly globalised world.
The AFP has established an extensive international network in
more than 30 countries, has been a consistent contributor to
national security, has participated in numerous international
deployments over half a century, and continues to play a
meaningful role in Australian foreign policy efforts. The thesis
provides evidence to show how AFP officers exhibit diplomatic
qualities similar to those listed by Daryl Copeland in his book
Guerrilla Diplomacy , as well as those mentioned by Christopher
Meyer in his book Getting Our Way.
In all of its international endeavours, AFP members have
demonstrated, in varying degrees, the three enduring elements of
diplomacy as outlined by Jonsson and Hall in their book The
Essence of Diplomacy. They have communicated and negotiated in
some very challenging circumstances and they are representatives
of the Australian Government and its humanitarian values. The
AFP, as part of broader efforts with institutions such as the UN,
have not so much sought a replication of international society,
as mentioned by Jonsson and Hall, but have provided a supplement
to international society, by effective networking, thereby
addressing in large part, Slaughter’s ‘globalisation
paradox’. It is not so much universal police homogeneity which
is sought by such endeavours, as a balance between it, and the
heterogeneity which is inevitably associated with cultures
transitioning from custom and tradition, to 21st century
expectations of nationhood. The way the AFP’s transnational
operations, activities, and deployments, not only serve perceived
national interests, but result in more effective regional
governance, is identified as ‘diplomacy by default’, because
formal Track I diplomacy is not their primary objective. It will
be demonstrated how international diplomacy, while generally
conducted with perceived national interests as its primary goal,
has a secondary benefit, good international citizenship, and that
the AFP has a credible history of serving both.
It is argued that the AFP is well positioned within government,
law and intelligence and security circles, in the Australian and
international contexts, through an extensive liaison officer
network in South-East Asia, the South-West Pacific as well as
more broadly. It will be demonstrated how the AFP has shown
itself as capable and ready to respond effectively to extant and
emerging challenges, and as such, has earned a place in foreign
policy discussions and considerations at the highest diplomatic
levels, including the UN. The AFP provides a distinctive and
direct link between the global, the regional, and the domestic,
which matches the rapidly globalised community it represents. The
thesis confirms that international policing acts as a distinctive
aspect of Australian ‘firm’ diplomacy, and supplements the
more traditional elements of international engagement, between
the ‘soft’ or traditional diplomacy, and the ‘hard’ form
of military intervention. The evidence provided shows how it is
by this form of whole-of-government activity, inclusive of
policing, that stability and security are enhanced, and peace and
prosperity are encouraged. Overall, the thesis affirms the AFP as
a transnational agency, which is well placed to link the
international with the domestic, the contextual with the
aspirational, and the theoretical with the practical, in a period
of strategic uncertainty in international affairs at the dawn of
the Third Millennium.
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Eric, MANIRAGUHA, NTAGWIRUMUGARA Etienne, and Nenad GLODIC. "UTILIZATION OF WIND POWER IN RWANDA: Design and Production Option." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-240659.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This Master Thesis is the research done in the country of Rwanda. The project leads to study the climate of this country in order to establish whether this climate could be used to produce energy from air and to implement the first wind turbine for serving the nation. After an introduction about the historical background of wind power, the thesis work deals with assessment of wind energy potential of Rwanda in focusing of the most suitable place for wind power plants. The best location with annual mean wind speed, the rate of use of turbine with hub height for an annual production per year, the mean wind speeds for 6 sites of Rwanda based on ECMWF for climatic data for one year at relief of altitude of 100m and coordinates are reported too. The result of energy produced and calculations were done based on power hitting wind turbine generator in order to calculate Kinetic energy and power available at the best location to the measurement over the period of 12 months, that could be hoped for long term. With help of logarithmic law, where wind speed usually increases with increasing in elevation and the desired wind speeds at all 6 sites were used. The annual energy production was taken into account at the best site with desired wind speed at the initial cost of turbine as well as the cost of energy (COE).However, with comparison of the tariff of EWSA, the price of Wind designed in this Research per kWh is cheaper and suitable for people of Rwanda.I WISH TO PUBLISH MY THESIS
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Schuhrer, Sabine. "The harmonisation of GAAP and GFS financial reporting in the Australian public sector: why and how did it happen?: an agenda setting perspective." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/102885.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In April 2003, the Financial Reporting Council (FRC) issued a strategic direction to the AASB to develop an accounting standard that would harmonise Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) and Government Finance Statistics (GFS) accounting for Australian public sector entities. Australia is the only jurisdiction that has developed and implemented such an accounting standard. This thesis examines how and why the FRC made the decision to issue this strategic direction in a qualitative historic case study. The main data sources are oral histories and archival and other written documents. The thesis adopts the perspective that public sector accounting standards are essentially a type of public policy and adopts an agenda setting theoretical framework to investigate the events. Addressing previous calls for the use of a more sophisticated construct to investigate accounting agenda setting processes, the thesis develops a holistic, epistemologically and theoretically grounded framework combining existing theoretical lenses. The theoretical framework introduces discourse to the investigation of accounting agenda setting, enabling new insights into the political nature this process. The theoretical aspect of this thesis highlights the importance of considerations of institutional political and discursive elements and individual and collective actors in investigations of accounting agenda setting. The thesis argues that policy entrepreneurs (PEs) faced problems during the preparation of the federal government budget papers for the financial year 1999/2000. They identified the idea of GAAP/GFS harmonisation as a potential solution to their problems. At that point in time, however, other issues dominated the agendas of governments and standard setters. This created a need for the PEs to engage in a strategic process to convince the standard setters to consider and act upon GAAP/GFS harmonisation. The PEs initially focused their lobbying activity on the accounting standard setting bodies. At some point in time, it became evident, however, that the Australian Accounting Standards Board (AASB) might not decide to develop a desired accounting standard. As a result, the PEs refocused their lobbying on the AASB’s oversight body, the FRC, which essentially provided the strategic direction to the AASB. As part of the agenda setting process, the PEs had to search for a set of problems that served as a justification for their policy solution. They also created a new epistemic community that was bound by the belief that GAAP and GFS accounting principles could be harmonised and serve microeconomic GAAP and macroeconomic GFS objectives. The thesis found that the PEs were able to exploit a window of opportunity to convince the FRC of their favoured solution. FRC members from non-public sector backgrounds relied on the expertise of public-sector members and the support of the epistemic community for the project. In essence, the thesis argues that the FRC and the AASB lost control over their agendas in the GAAP/GFS harmonisation agenda setting case. Policy implications from this research project are that the institutional independence of the FRC and the AASB should be reconsidered. In addition, the institutional arrangements for public sector accounting standards should be reflected on in the light of the lack of contribution of FRC members without-public sector experience. Last, a more formalised agenda setting project should be implemented.Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Business School, 2014.
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Chia, Chi, and 賈齊. "A Study of Financial Reporting of Taipei City Government." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91013712025733985959.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
會計學研究所
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Governmental financial reporting plays a major role in fulfilling government’s accountability and in assisting the financial statement readers in making decisions. By interviewing profoundly with governmental accounting experts and analyzing the information reported in the financial statements of Taipei City Government, this study is aimed to sum up the improperness in presentation and to make suggestions on further improvements. This study comes to conclusions as follows: (1) The boundary of financial reporting entity isn’t specific enough that results in financial statement readers’ misunderstanding which entity should be reported. This study suggested that Taipei City Government might as well take the standards issued by GASB and related regulations of R.O.C. Corporation Law as good examples to define its boundary of financial reporting entity. (2) What the annual financial statement had reported is so detailed that the financial statement users have difficulties in reading. This study suggested that Taipei City Government might compile condense general-purpose financial statement. (3) Currently the specific resources of Taipei City Government such as special revenue and internal service haven’t been well allocated, and present improperly. This may distort the measurement of the bottom line. This study suggested that Taipei City Government reallocate its specific resources. (4) The study found that inflation has an influence on comparability of the financial information. In order to assist financial statement users to make beneficial decisions, this study suggested that Taipei City Government might disclose inflation-adjusted financial information.
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Schneider, Annika. "Intellectual capital reporting by the New Zealand local government sector /." 2006. http://adt.waikato.ac.nz/public/adt-uow20061211.204552/index.html.
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