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1
Park, Yong Soo. "The Decline of the Welfare State?" International Area Review 8, no. 2 (June 2005): 107–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/223386590500800206.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Faced with a serious economic crisis in the early 1990s, Sweden was compelled to undertake a series of restructuring measures on its welfare state systems. For many, the economic pressure and welfare state restructuring were undoubtedly seen as firm proof of the decline of the welfare state, as had been predicted by globalization theorists. However, as the present study shows, many aspects of Sweden's welfare state systems, which underwent a formidable challenge in the early and mid-1990s, have fully recovered since the late 1990s. Several of them, in fact, are now in slightly better shape than they had been before the crisis. This shows the fundamental stability of Sweden's welfare state systems, in contrast to the fevered nature of the debate on their future. In conclusion, the globalization theory does not apply to Sweden's welfare state.
2
Seliger, Bernhard. "Reforming the Welfare State: German and European Experiences and Challenges." International Area Review 4, no. 1 (March 2001): 63–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/223386590100400105.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The rise of the welfare state has been a characteristic feature of Western European development after the second world war, despite quite different economic models in Western European countries. However, dynamic implications of the welfare state made a reform increasingly necessary. Therefore, since the 1980s the reform of the welfare state has been an important topic for Western European states. This paper describes the development of the welfare state and analyzes possible welfare reform strategies with special respect to the case of Germany. It focuses on the interdependence of political and economic aspects of welfare reform on the national as well as international level.
3
Pankratz, Curt J. "Welfare state regimes and the evolution of liberalism." Journal of International and Comparative Social Policy 30, no. 3 (October 2014): 217–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21699763.2014.951383.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper argues that the concept of the liberal welfare state within welfare state regimes discourse fails to account for some important aspects of the historical development of liberalism. It is argued that two key aspects of liberalism have been neglected. First, that liberalism essentially arose in opposition to ascribed status, seeking to replace it with a form of “achieved” status. Second, that a major stream of historical liberalism sought to equalize individual opportunity by suggesting that the state should provide some basic social and economic supports to individuals in need. This paper uses OECD health data to identify welfare state clusters based on the measurement of welfare (rather than neo)liberalism. The emerging cluster model is then compared with other welfare state regime typologies with regard to its ability to predict important social and political outcomes. The paper concludes that the emerging “welfare-liberal” typology may be a better predictor of certain social and political outcomes than other regimes configurations, indicating the usefulness of considering alternative aspects of liberalism when examining welfare state regimes.
4
Sofyan, Syaakir. "Peran Negara dalam Perekonomian (Tinjauan Teoritis Kebijakan Fiskal dalam Ekonomi Islam)." HUNAFA: Jurnal Studia Islamika 13, no. 2 (January 3, 2017): 288. http://dx.doi.org/10.24239/jsi.v13i2.441.288-314.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Indonesia is a state based on law and adopts welfare. Thus, the state has an obligation and responsibility to realize public welfare as stated in the fourth paragraph of Undang-Undang Dasar (UUD) Negara Republik Indonesia 1945. In achieving these objectives, the government must play an important role in various aspects of community life, especially in the economy. One form of government intervention, namely in fiscal policy by adjusting the state revenues and expenditures in the state budget. In Islamic economics, fiscal policy objective is to create economic stability, high economic growth and equitable distribution of income, coupled with the other objectives contained in the rules of Islam
5
Gunawan, Firman, Kevin Pramudya, and M. Ridwan Ari Hermawan. "SELECTIVE IMMIGRATION POLICY IN MAINTAINING STATE SECURITY AND IMPROVING THE WELFARE OF THE NATION." JURNAL ILMIAH ADVOKASI 11, no. 2 (October 29, 2023): 365–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.36987/jiad.v11i2.5093.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This writing aims to look at the role of selective immigration policies in Indonesia in order to maintain state security and improve the nation's welfare. The implementation of selective policy in Indonesia is the most important thing that cannot be ignored, the principle of selective policy looks at security and welfare approaches. Two of the functions of immigration are state security and facilitator of community welfare development. Currently, indicators of state security and the economy of a nation have become important aspects of the state. Considering that currently the movement of people between countries is becoming easier and global economic development is becoming more widespread, there will be an impact on these two factors. Selective immigration policy is a form of legal product from immigration related to regulating the entry of foreigners into Indonesia with an approach to the principle of benefits for the nation and state. This research method uses normative legal research methods with a descriptive qualitative approach.Keywords: Selective Policy, State Security, WelfareÂ
6
Honcharenko, О. H., and K. Yu Sirenko. "MODELS OF THE WELFARE STATE AND THEIR CHARACTERISTICS." Scientific Herald of Sivershchyna. Series: Education. Social and Behavioural Sciences 2024, no. 1 (May 6, 2024): 70–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.32755/sjeducation.2024.01.070.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article examines the peculiarities of the welfare state model, which has been constantly changing, transforming, having different options for implementation, going through a crisis and post-crisis development. It is determined that only the state, in the policy of the welfare state, acts as a guarantor of social rights and opportunities for its citizens. The author reveals the types of welfare models and their main characteristics that determine the peculiarities of social policy implemented by countries. It is established that the model of the “welfare state” has experienced an economic, ideological and philosophical crisis, which has led to the need to update and modernize the conceptual foundations of its implementation. The author proves that changes in the country’s social policy allow for a clear distinction between programmatic retrenchment and systematic retrenchment, i.e., reduction of social programs or reduction of social expenditure financing in the welfare state model. The author reveals the typology of models of management of the state social policy, in particular: pluralistic, corporate, Marxist and elite models. It is proved that the main social task of the state’s economic policy is “not to distribute benefits, but to ensure the conditions of freedom and independence of individuals who are able to create these benefits and take care of themselves and their families on their own”. The modern version of the socio-economic model of the “welfare state” is to create conditions that will ensure the synergy of market self-regulation and state intervention, and can be implemented in the areas of economic freedom and personal development. In addition, the areas of development of the welfare state are: risks and innovations, social solidarity, social justice, lifelong support, distribution of difficulties between generations, which is part of the concept of sustainable development. It is established that the transformation of the welfare state model leads to a change in the mechanisms and instruments for its implementation, in particular: universalization of social expenditures; policy coherence between social, economic and environmental aspects of development; search for inclusive forms of its implementation and partnership between the State, civil society and business; identification of new directions in global and regional social policy. It is established that the choice of implementing the “welfare state” model depends on the historical, socio-cultural and economic conditions prevailing in a country and is determined by the type of its socio-political system, ideological and spiritual principles, and the peculiarities of the stage of development. Key words: welfare, state, models of the welfare state, social justice, social security.
7
Vasiliev, V. P. "Formation of the regulatory functions of the social state." Moscow State University Bulletin. Series 18. Sociology and Political Science 24, no. 4 (January 12, 2019): 206–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.24290/1029-3736-2018-24-4-206-222.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article analyzes the stages of formation of the principles of the welfare state, the development of its models. The basic model of a market economy does not deny the essential role of the state in socio-economic processes. It is shown that each of the stages is complementary to the fundamental characteristics of the phenomenon of the welfare state, based on new social practices. Historical evolution is represented by the enrichment functions of the state and business along the trajectory of the welfare state — social market economy — the welfare state. A central element of the social state is the social insurance institution, emerged in the socio-labor relations as a form of interaction of employees and employers with trade unions and the state. The dominant feature of the social market economy is to ensure free entrance of citizens in market activity and related functions of the state to ensure availability to markets of labor and capital, ensuring competition and private property rights. Welfare society based on a powerful upsurge of economic dynamics and productivity marks the transition to a new quality of life and overcoming social exclusion. Illustrates the emerging tendency to increase the share of the state in ensuring social economic dynamics. Identified positive and negative aspects of this process. For the practice of public administration in Russia proposed restructuring of the budget expenditures and insurance payments.
8
Ulrichsen, Kristian Coates. "Post-rentier Economic Challenges." India Quarterly: A Journal of International Affairs 73, no. 2 (June 2017): 210–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0974928417700800.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The rentier states of the Middle East face a combination of political and economic challenges as they seek to reduce their reliance on volatile oil and gas revenues and diversify their economies. This article examines how the political economy of the six Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) states remains heavily dependent on the hydrocarbon sector and analyses the policy responses to the fall in world oil prices since 2014. Sections in the article examine the definitional aspect of rentier state theory, nature of the redistributive welfare state that developed in the 1970s in each Gulf State, and the political aspect of economic measures that seek to reform aspects of the distinctive political economy that has underpinned socio-political and economic stability for the past five decades.
9
Bil, Mariana, and Olha Mulska. "Welfare as a Dominant Economic Growth: the Conceptual and Methodological Basis." Modern Economics 23, no. 1 (October 27, 2020): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31521/modecon.v23(2020)-01.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction. Ukraine has achieved significant economic growth in recent decades, which is causally related to changes in the level of economic deprivation at the level of regions and communities. Welfare has no direct casual connection to economic growth, as it also considers aspects such as socioeconomic inequality, environmental degradation, and access to health and education services, and so on. Life satisfaction and other indicators of subjective well-being correlate with short-run income growth, but there is a moderate long-run relationship between well-being and financial determinants. Absolute income as a financial dominant has a central role in determining social welfare in the terms of economic growth. The purpose is to deepen the conceptual and methodological basis of the welfare’s study as a dominant economic growth. The novelty of the paper is based on the selection of theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of the gradient ‘welfare-economic growth’ through the prism of financial dominants (income, savings, level of investment capacity, etc.). It has been proved welfare is a comprehensive indicator that reflects the appropriate level of support of the population on the material, financial, social, cultural, spiritual goods and so on. To use welfare as the dominant economic growth of the country, the need to regulate social standards and state guarantees groups (consumer, socio-infrastructural, social protection, financial, property) has been identified. There are five levels of well-being assessment: individual, household, community, region, state. It has been substantiated that the assessment of well-being based on GDP per capita, which is used in the vast majority of modern research, has significant shortcomings because it does not consider shadow incomes, migration transfers, household living conditions, leisure time, and household income inequality.
10
Klishas, A. A. "Welfare state: defining the problem." Journal of Law and Administration, no. 1 (July 28, 2018): 32–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2073-8420-2018-1-46-32-42.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction. In the modern system of statebuilding the welfare state, as a concept, the genesis of which is associated with the need to resolve the aggravated social contradictions, is a fundamental principle, destined to determine the content of state policy. Notwithstanding the fact that the most comprehensive view of the welfare state concept was formed relatively recently, the description of certain features of the welfare state as a specific phenomenon of social life is seen in the works of philosophers and lawyers of various historical schools and eras. It allows us to conclude that the institution of state immanently has the characteristic of “welfare”. The dynamism of the social relations development entails the permanent search for new approaches to the welfare state and the constant appeal to this principle in order to get the full and comprehensive disclosure of the constitutional provisions and ensure their direct action.Materials and methods. The theoretical basis of this work is the scientific works of philosophers and lawyers adhering to the legal positivism. The methodological basis of the research is the formal logical method, the method of system analysis, structural and functional method.Results. This article is devoted to basic propositions of the welfare state legal analysis; it includes analysis of the essence of the welfare state concept based on positivistic understanding of law in various historic periods; this article also analyzes some aspects of the welfare state concept regarding human rights protection and constitutional review.Discussion and conclusion. The principle of the welfare state is presented as the positive duty of the public authorities to ensure social and economic human rights and the balance of social interests. The implementation of the principle of the welfare state strongly depends on the constitutional review bodies’ activities, the main purpose of which is to specify the content of the relevant constitutional rules within the framework of specific social relations.
11
Hussein, Bahaa ElDin. "The Effect of Financial Policy on Achieving Economic Stability In Islamic Economics." Islamic Sciences Journal 12, no. 1 (February 25, 2023): 250–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/jis.21.12.1.11.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study examines the impact of financial policy on achieving economic stability in the shadow of the Islamic economy, that policy has occupied an important place among the various different policies that make up the economic policy of the state, such as monetary policy, trade policy, etc., which is one of the most important means of the state in its interference in economic activity - It is closely related to all aspects of economic and social life - and in influencing all economic and social aspects of society, and directing the economic path, relying on that on the multiple tools that it possesses, represented by public revenues (such as zakat, abscess, tithes of commerce, etc.) and public expenditures, in addition to Its own policies that are characterized by complementarity, harmony, and effectiveness, through which the state can adapt the levels of public spending and public revenues of the state, and influence the allocation and distribution of those resources, and address the economic crises and problems faced by the economic activity such as inflation, unemployment, stagnation and recession, to achieve economic and social stability of society, Achieving growth, economic welfare and social justice, through the ideal privatization
of resources, equitable distribution of wealth and income, within the framework of the principles it adopts, and the foundations upon which they are distinguished, and which distinguish them from other financial.
12
Хажеева, М. А. "Some aspects of a welfare of population." Экономика и предпринимательство, no. 8(121) (July 26, 2020): 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.34925/eip.2020.121.8.015.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
В статье уточняются теоретические подходы к исследованию благосостояния населения и проблемы бедности. Рассматриваются монетарные и немонетарные показатели, характеризующие уровень благосостояния и бедности. Автор рассмотрел меры государственной поддержки для малоимущего населения. Наблюдается снижение уровня благосостояния населения, рост уровня бедности, усиление степени неравенства между регионами. Основным результатом исследования стало выявление тенденций, связанных с цифровизацией экономики, которые должны стимулировать снижение бедности и повысить благосостояние, т.к. онлайн обращения и другие виды услуг, предлагаемые с помощью сети интернет, способствуют расширению свободы. Доказывается, что при проведении социально-экономических преобразований наблюдается структурная перестройка внутри страны, что способствует повышению благосостояния. The article clarifies the theoretical approaches to the study of the welfare of the population and problems of poverty. Monetary and non-monetary indicators characterize the level of welfare and poverty are considered. The author considers measures of state support for the poor people. A decrease in the level of welfare of the population, rising poverty, increasing inequality between regions. The main result of the study was to identify trends related to the digitalization of the economy, which should stimulate poverty reduction and increase welfare, as Online calls and other types of services offered via the Internet contribute to the expansion of freedom. It is proved that when conducting socio-economic transformations in the country, there is a structural adjustment that contributes to improving the well-being of the population.
13
Petrov, Alexey V. "Models of a welfare state in European countries." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ekonomika, no. 58 (2022): 42–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/19988648/58/3.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article is concerned with the evolution process of European-style social welfare state. The welfare state is considered as a set of institutionalized strategies in the context of social citizen rights, which provide protection for everyone who can and is experiencing economic and/or social difficulties. Nowadays, there has been a significant amount of interest in the concept of a welfare state. The concept passed a long way of formation through its implementation in models of countries' development and repeated crises. This interest is contingent on actual issues of evaluating effects that lie in the plane of the influence of various welfare state aspects on the socioeconomic processes taking place in countries. In this context, particular attention is focused on redistributive mechanisms. In some countries, income redistribution is a secondary goal and even a side effect if it appears at all in documents regulating the social policy of government. The approaches used within the framework of specific models have many differences either in the effectiveness of results or in the role of state institutions in terms of resource provision. The study of the approaches makes it possible to assess the impact of the welfare state on the level of income inequality. On the other hand, it is important to determine what kind of protection from social risks (age, unemployment, disability, etc.) different welfare state models can offer, how these ensure the preservation of an individual's income necessary to meet a sufficiently wide range of needs. In the furtherance of this goal, the existing welfare state models - liberal, social democratic, conservative and South/Mediterranean - were analyzed. The study focuses on methods of measuring the resource component of social models within the framework of the described cases. The analysis has revealed that welfare states differ from each other not only in the amount of social budget spending but also in approaches of building their social protection systems. These differences have a significant impact on operation of labour market, people's work and family life and also on the level of social protection and income equality promoted by societies. The results of the redistributive mechanisms' influence of social state models on the level of income inequality were analyzed. The article identifies problematic elements of models critically dependent on the budget that governments spend to reduce inequality. It is difficult to count on increases in the volumes of resources necessary to ensure a permanent protection of people from social risks under unpredictable financial markets and real economic consequences of global financial crises. The considered aspects allow formulating recommendations for the formation of a welfare state in the Russian Federation.
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Rakhmawan Suherli, Ian, Nurrohman Nurrohman, Zaini Abdul Malik, and Kikin Mutaqin. "Negara Sebagai Mediator Tumbuh Kembangnya Ekonomi Berbasis Syariah: Perspektif Filsafat." Eco-Iqtishodi : Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi dan Keuangan Syariah 5, no. 2 (January 10, 2024): 113–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.32670/ecoiqtishodi.v5i2.4112.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Islamic economics is an economic system that is a minority used in the world compared to other economic systems. Islam is a comprehensive religion and governs all aspects of life including economics. Islamic economics aims to create economic schemes that refer to Islamic principles, such as social justice, balance, avoiding usury, and sustainable growth. The economic sources of sharia come from the Quran, as Sunnah or al Hadith, the history of Islamic society, and empirical data. The state has an important role in supporting and regulating Islamic economic practices through appropriate regulations and policies. The state and the Islamic economy have the same interest in creating social justice, economic stability, and public welfare. The relationship between religion and state also affects the development of a country's sharia economy. In Indonesia, the government has supported the implementation of the sharia economy through various regulations and policies such as the Sharia Banking Law. With the right support from the state, the Islamic economy is expected to develop faster and provide benefits to the community.
15
Krieter, J. "Evaluation of different pig production systems including economic, welfare and environmental aspects." Archives Animal Breeding 45, no. 3 (October 10, 2002): 223–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/aab-45-223-2002.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. The aim of the study is to evaluate different production systems in pig farming including economic, animal welfare and environmental aspects with computer simulation. The computer model considers a vertically integrated system with farrowing, weaning, fattening and slaughtering stage as well as the transportation of pigs between theses stages. Housing systems were distinguished in individual and group housing with partly/fully slatted flooring or straw. Housing conditions were scaled to animal welfare in a decreasing order from straw, social contact to movement. Environmental issues were measured by nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) excretion. With standard pork production (slatted floors, individual housing of sows, small groups of fattening pigs) the cost per fattening pig accounted for € 131.72, N- and P-excretion were 7.1 and 1.2 kg per head. Group housing for gestating sows (slatted floor) and a higher number of fattening pigs per group increased welfare scoring by 25%. Cost, N- and P-excretion were reduced by 3.5, 5.1 and 5.2%. Group housing of sows during lactation, mating and gestation (with prolonged lactation length 5 weeks; welfare scoring 100%) and straw in each stage raised production cost by 24.6% (€ 32.31), N- and P-excretion were enhanced to 8.0 kg (12.7%) and 1.3 kg (10.5%) per head.
16
Pavlenko, Yurij. "The Factors Of The Economic Development Of The Modern State: An Essay." Obshchestvo i ekonomika, no. 11 (2022): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s020736760023103-2.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Within the framework of an integrated approach covering political, socio-economic and ideological aspects, the article examines development problems in Russian and world economy. In theoretical terms, the author analyzes the problems of overcoming the slowdown mechanisms and stimulating growth. He also scrutinizes the interdependence in the development of the economy and the welfare state. The problems of strategic planning are touched upon; in the context of the global economy, attention is focused on the positive experience of selective borrowing of effective institutions and development mechanisms.
17
Risal, Semuel, Irawanto Irawanto, Putri Hergianasari, Anita Ade Rahma, and Ika Devy Pramudiana. "Border Development Model on the Human Development Aspects for Sustainable Community." Jurnal Borneo Administrator 18, no. 2 (August 25, 2022): 125–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24258/jba.v18i2.971.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Indonesian government has implemented a border development policy. Still, it has not been able to answer the complexity of the problems that occur in border areas, especially in North Kalimantan. The development of border areas is closely related to the mission of national development, defence and state security to improve the Welfare of the people in the border areas, especially to ensure the integrity and sovereignty of the state. However, the condition of border communities in North Kalimantan is increasingly marginalized, where poverty and regional isolation trigger the high demands of local people to become border crossers to Malaysia. This study will examine the factors causing the economic backwardness of border communities in North Kalimantan, poverty and isolation of border communities, and security issues at the border. The results show that the border area needs to be closely monitored because it is a security-prone area. This makes the border development paradigm in Kaltara prioritize a security approach rather than Welfare. This causes the border areas in North Kalimantan to be scarcely touched by the dynamics of development. Therefore, border development needs to be placed in a people centre of development-oriented to people's economic development for sustainable communities through accelerating economic growth, improving the quality of human resources, and strengthening institutional capacity for border area development. Thus, border communities can enjoy prosperity by protecting and maintaining state sovereignty at the border.
18
Potashova, Irina, and Dmitry Giriychuk. "Theoretical Aspects of Maintaining the Economic Security of the State in Modern Conditions." Scientific Research and Development. Economics 10, no. 4 (August 19, 2022): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2587-9111-2022-10-4-16-23.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The change in the general consciousness of society predetermines new approaches to ensuring security, deepens its content and the most important components. At the present stage, the role of economic science in working out the conceptual foundations of economic security is noticeably increasing. The problems of manifestations and identification of existing threats, the search for effective tools and methods for neutralizing or eliminating them come to the fore in the field of economic security from the point of view of its scientific justification. Ensuring the economic security of the state is a guarantee of its independence, a condition for sustainable development, as well as a prerequisite for improving the welfare of all sectors of society. This thesis is confirmed by the experience of European countries in the formation of economic security. Given this, the protection of economic interests is included in the list of the most important national priorities [2]. In this regard, the article analyzes the content of economic security and its subsystems, considers the classification of internal and external threats, methodological approaches to solving the problem of determining indicators of the state of macroeconomic security. Considering the definitions of "economic security" in the interpretation of Western experts, the authors propose their own classification of this category. The establishment of basic standards and indicators of economic security plays an important role, therefore, in the study, the authors of the article develop criteria for determining the level of ensuring the country's economic security.
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Kim, Soon-yang. "Reappraisal of the Developmental Welfare State Theory on the Underdevelopment of State Welfare in East Asian Growth Economies: The Case of South Korea." Journal of Asian and African Studies 55, no. 4 (November 5, 2019): 568–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021909619886679.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this article is to re-examine the perspective on the relationship between East Asia’s growth economy and its underdevelopment of state welfare, by analyzing the Korean case between the 1960s and the 1980s, when active governmental intervention in the economy led to rapid economic growth. This article aims to answer the questions ‘Was state welfare genuinely underdeveloped under the growth economy of East Asia?’ and ‘If so, which factors hindered its development?’ To this end, this article first refutes the perspective regarding the underdevelopment of state welfare in East Asian growth economies, through an empirical analysis of the following: overlooking diverse indices in measuring the level of state welfare, a comparison without considering different budget systems, negligence of output aspects, giving undue value to quantitative methods and paying little attention to welfare beneficiary aspect. The article traces the reasons why the growth economy experienced the underdevelopment of state welfare using comprehensive frameworks: large-scale resource distribution to defense and education, low level of electoral competition, underdevelopment of socialist political parties, political authoritarianism and weak opposition, lack of social citizenship and preservation of family values, underdevelopment of trade unionism, and inactivation of civil society.
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Prydannykova, Yu Ye. "Comprehensive Statistical Assessment of Indexes of Economic Growth and Material Welfare of the Ukrainian regions." Statistics of Ukraine 83, no. 4 (December 17, 2018): 88–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.31767/su.4(83)2018.04.11.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article offers the statistical methodology for assessment of relationship between economic growth and material welfare of the Ukrainian regions based on the method of complex statistical coefficients by using statistical data for 2016. The theoretical and applied aspects of opportunities of studied method for comprehensive rating assessment of Ukrainian regions through standardizing the values of examined indexes in economic and material welfare spheres are considered.
Definition of the term “material welfare of a population” is given in the article. Material welfare of a population is determined in time quantitative-qualitative characteristic of standard of living of population of a country as summarized result of the state policy in social field and economic activity of a population in production and consumption fields. Structured and logical schema of mutual influence between the spheres of economics and material welfare of a population is suggested by the author. It was found that the standard of living of a population directly generates material welfare that in turn to be a background for a quality of life. At the same time such distribution of macroeconomic definitions is a new approach enable for statistical studying of relationship between the state of economy and the sphere of material welfare of Ukrainian population. Rating assessment is calculated by available statistical data obtained from the results of state statistical observation performance. In this regard formation of the system of 119 indicators that comprehensively describes the levels of development of material welfare sphere and county’s economy has been conducted. The final results of the assessment are studied in comparison with some other well-known rating assessments in these spheres.
Тhe article proclaims that statistical studying of correlation between indexes of economic sphere and indexes in the sphere of material welfare is necessary. For that purpose, it has been developed the way of assessment the degree of relationship of studied spheres based on complex weighted coefficient of variances according to the formula proposed by the author. From the results of calculations of that coefficient and according to the criteria for assessing the stability of a correlation it is justified that the gap between the levels of economic development and material welfare of a population of Ukrainian regions should be reduced. Such approach is considered to determine exact tasks for public administration policy to increase economic growth in relationship with material welfare of a population. It can be an effective tool for managing the state of affairs, planning in performance management process and improving the value of relationship between the levels of development in the spheres under review.
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Clotfelter, Charles T., and Philip J. Cook. "On the Economics of State Lotteries." Journal of Economic Perspectives 4, no. 4 (November 1, 1990): 105–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.4.4.105.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This article examines several aspects of the economics of state lotteries, focusing primarily on the demand for lottery products. We begin by giving a descriptive overview. The succeeding sections examine the motivations for playing lottery games and evidence on the determinants of lottery demand. The final section considers the welfare economics of the apparent objective of lotteries—to maximize profits for the state.
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Althaf Vidaro, Radhika, Elisatris Gultom, and Susilowati Suparto. "LEGAL ASPECTS OF BUSINESS COMPETITION IN RELATION TO THE MECHANISM OF PREVENTING BANKING INDUSTRY TENDER CONSULTATIONS IN INDONESIA." Journal of Advance Research in Business Management and Accounting (ISSN: 2456-3544) 9, no. 6 (June 20, 2023): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/nnbma.v9i6.1720.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Everyone wants a decent life for himself and those around him, and the state has the responsibility to provide for the welfare of its people, as stated in the 1945 Constitution.This study aims to examine the role of banking institutions in the welfare of society and support national development in Indonesia. In the 1945 Constitution, Article 33 has stipulated that economic development must achieve social justice for all people through a welfare approach and market mechanisms. The concept of economic democracy emphasizes the importance of the prosperity of society as a whole, and the principle of welfare is also recognized in Pancasila and social welfare laws. However, despite having a strategic role in the welfare of the people and supporting national development, the banking industry in Indonesia is often involved in law violations such as corruption. and collusion. These practices can hinder economic growth and equity at the national level. One example of a violation that often occurs is bid rigging in the banking industry, which harms the public interest and violates the principle of fair business competition. This research also highlights the importance of efforts to prevent and take action against these violating practices. These steps are important to ensure the continuity of fair business competition and to build public trust in the government and related institutions. In this context, this study presents an analysis of the efforts that have been made and recommendations for improving law enforcement and preventing corruption in the banking industry.
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Solovieva, Victoria V. "Welfare state: philosophical and legal aspect." Current Issues of the State and Law, no. 2 (2023): 205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/2587-9340-2023-7-2-205-211.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The doctrine of the welfare state is considered. The welfare state is a theory formulated by J. Keynes in the work “The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money” (1936) and developed by J. Myrdal, J. Strechi, A. Pigou and others, in accordance with which the state is a spokesman for the interests of all sectors of society and: 1) has a positive impact on the private sector through regulation and control – price policy, taxes; 2) implements a policy of full employment and prevention of economic crises with the help of a planning and forecasting system; 3) implements the policy of social services – social security, social insurance assistance to sick and old people, etc., due to which a high standard of living of society is achieved. The welfare state can be characterized as a theory of social protection in oligarchic societies. The formation of the theory of the welfare state was influenced by human rights theories, socialist and egalitarian theories. The theoretical basis of the theory of the welfare state are welfare theories (from classical liberal to social welfare theory). A universal classification of the welfare state does not exist and cannot exist, because it is impossible to take into account all aspects due to the lack of relevant statistics and indicators. In our opinion, despite certain reservations, G. Esping-Andersen’s classification is the most successful attempt at a quantitative analysis of various models of social protection. It is based on an analysis of the signs of accessibility and the degree of coverage of the population with certain social payments and incomes, while taking into account the real influence of various political forces on this process. G. Esping-Andersen identified three main models: liberal, conservative, social democratic.
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MOROZ, Liudmyla, and Olha PROSOVYCH. "Modernization of Ukraine's economy: strategic aspects." Economics. Finances. Law 11/2, no. - (November 26, 2021): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.37634/efp.2021.11(2).4.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The paper considers the issue of modernization of Ukrainian economy through the prism of strategic aspects of its implementation. The introduction states that the constant renewal of the economy, which is designed to ensure the lag of Ukrainian development from the developed countries, is based on the successful modernization of the economy in the direction of democratic and dynamic development of the country. The purpose of the paper is to substantiate the need to modernize the economy of Ukraine and characterize the strategic directions of its implementation. It is explained what efforts the state needs to make for the successful modernization of the economic system of Ukraine, given the globalization changes in modern society. It is substantiated that effective structural modernization of the economy requires adequate financial support, which is designed to ensure qualitative change in society. It is argued that public policy in the field of economic modernization should be part of the overall mechanism of modernization, which involves solving three interrelated problems. The conditions to be met by successful reforms in the field of economic modernization have been determined. It is proved that the strategic directions of modernization of Ukraine's economy should take into account the need to implement reforms in accordance with the need to introduce the most effective formats, mechanisms and principles of economic process management in the country. Strategic directions of modernization of Ukrainian economy at the present stage are formulated. In conclusion, it is substantiated that the modernization of the Ukrainian economy is an objectively necessary and inevitable process designed to ensure the growth of welfare and the development of positive transformational changes in the country. Modernization changes must be carried out in accordance with certain efforts of the state aimed at obtaining the best result of the functioning of the economic system. It is concluded that reforms in the economy of Ukraine should be carried out in accordance with a clear strategy of its development and strategic directions, which will implement the chosen state course to modernize the national economy and build an economic system in accordance with the level of developed countries.
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Vause, Erika. "State of Nature." Agricultural History 97, no. 3 (August 1, 2023): 351–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00021482-10474417.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Scholars have argued for the importance of industrial accidents and urban precarity in laying the groundwork for the European welfare state in nineteenth-century France. Given the central role that farming played in French economic, political, and cultural life, however, agricultural insurance was among the first and most frequently debated aspects of nineteenth-century attempts to apply insurance to the “social question.” This article explores what François Ewald has termed the “insurantial imaginary” of agricultural insurance by examining debates about which threats could or should be insured and who should insure them. Despite widespread consensus on the virtues of expanding insurance into the countryside, there remained huge areas of disagreement: What counted as an insurable risk in agriculture? How should that risk be assessed? And whose responsibility was it to insure such risks—that of private individuals or the French state? This article argues that the repeated failures of the various proposals designed to protect peasants against the vagaries of nature had as much to do with practical impediments as they did with ideas about the “naturalness” of certain dangers. This perception of the “natural” would inform the construction of the French welfare state.
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Andriani, Fenny, Eka Deviani, and Marlia Eka Putri AT. "The Policy of Cooperative and Small and Medium Enterprises Office in Improving Cooperative Achievement in Lampung Province." Administrative and Environmental Law Review 2, no. 1 (May 21, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.25041/aelr.v2i1.2201.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Outstanding Cooperatives are cooperatives that have achievements in obtaining their performance in terms of organizational aspects, management, management aspects, productivity aspects, and benefit and impact aspects of cooperatives that are stipulated by the Decree of the State Minister for Cooperatives and Small and Medium Enterprises. The State Ministry for Cooperatives and Small and Medium Enterprises (Kementerian Koperasi dan Usaha Kecil Menengah) has launched a cooperative achievement assessment program to develop and make existing cooperatives a success. The prediction of cooperative achievements is expected to motivate existing cooperatives to function as economic institutions capable of improving the welfare of members in particular and society in general and building a national economic order that creates a developed, just. A prosperous society based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution. Building a national economic order creates a developed, just, and prosperous society based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution.
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Беляева, Юлия, and Yuliya Belyaeva. "The Social Functions of the State." Journal of Russian Law 4, no. 1 (January 25, 2016): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/17235.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Article examines the theoretical aspects of the concept of “State function’s”, rises question of the classification of state function’s and functions of the welfare state in order to reflect the accumulated knowledge of legal science section of the specified definition and identify the functions not previously considered in the theory of the state. The destabilization of the economic situation in the community and respect for the principle of the social state actualized this problem in the Russian legal science. Designated role of the function of indexing and its implementation in the social state. The author applies structural-functional and analytical method of scientific knowledge. An analysis of the state function’s and their classification, the author has been formulated the concept of “functions of the social state”. The author found that the earlier jurisprudence does not consider the function of indexing in the state function’s. Consider the function of indexing, its objective characteristics that distinguish it from other state functions. In the sphere of public life function of indexing refers to social and economic functions of the state, as aimed at meeting to the social needs of the people. The opinion of the author that the function of indexing fully reflects the nature of the welfare state.
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Khodjiev, Jahongir. "SPECIFIC ASPECTS OF HOUSEHOLD FINANCE." Economics and Innovative Technologies 11, no. 1 (February 26, 2023): 132–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.55439/eit/vol11_iss1/a14.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This article is aimed at studying the indicators of the level of sources of formation of real incomes of the population of our country. Positive changes taking place in the structure of household income in household finances require improvement in the calculation of household income and the development of its methodology in accordance with international standards. This is the final positive result of the state policy of improving the well-being of the population. Scientific and theoretical recommendations and practical proposals have been developed to study the monetary income and expenditure of the population of our country using the methods of economic indicators, analysis of factors affecting the improvement of the welfare of the population and real incomes of the population
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Kelekhsaeva, Marianna V., Aslan E. Ikaev, Irina V. Polozhentseva, and Anna E. Mikhailova. "ORGANIZATIONAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS OF MODERN INVESTMENT POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 12/5, no. 141 (2023): 138–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2023.12.05.017.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The investment policy of the Russian Federation, as part of the national policy, is aimed at achieving common socio-economic goals, using its own mechanism of implementation and appropriate tools. Economic stability in the country, conditions and quality of life of citizens depend on its effectiveness. Effective investment policy, in a generalized form, leads to an increase in the rate of economic growth and welfare of citizens. Of particular relevance in the implementation of the state investment policy at the present stage of development are the issues of uniform movement of investment capital, which allows to meet the economic and social needs of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. In this regard, the issues of organizational and legal order of investment policy implementation are brought to the forefront, since only with a competent approach to them can be counted on a concrete result to achieve the goal. The article studies the current order of steam support of the investment policy conducted in Russia, its organizational and institutional form and tools.
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Koval, О. "Theoretical and econometric aspects of the relationship of military expenditures and economic growth." Visnyk Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Military-Special Sciences, no. 4 (52) (2022): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2217.2022.52.30-38.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article examines the essence of the macroeconomic model "Guns versus Butter" (a compromise between military and other state expenditures) and determines the relevance of its application in the study of the impact of military burden on the economy of Ukraine. In the course of the study, the following indicators were singled out for studying the relationship between military expenditures (expenditure on national security and defense) and social security expenditures (non-defense sector goods that improve public welfare): total GDP, share of GDP on defense (military burden on economy) and other governmental programs, as well as the tax burden. The article segments the main indicators of the state budget of Ukraine for the period 2014–2021, which indicate the processes that develop over time, depending on military, political, economic, geopolitical factors, etc. The results of empirical studies conducted for a number of least developed countries, developing countries and developed countries in different regions of the world testify to "two sides of the same coin", the unity of opposites that ensures the development of the system and its balance. The leading role in this balance is played by the relationship between economic growth and military spending, as well as the methodology for assessing the causal relationship between them. It was found that, depending on the geopolitical situation, potential or existing armed conflicts, military spending can play a key role in the protection of national security and defense, and therefore in economic development and stabilization of public welfare, through investment attractiveness, free market relations, innovative activity etc. The conclusion indicates the need to conduct quantitative micro-, meso-, and macro-economic studies in Ukraine during the period of independence, using methods and models for substantiating economic decisions.
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John Rae, Gavin. "The relationship between attitudes in Poland towards the decommodified welfare state with those on the communist economy and transition to a market economy." International Journal of Social Economics 44, no. 12 (December 4, 2017): 2128–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-02-2016-0057.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is threefold: to examine social opinions in Poland towards the decommodified ideal type of welfare state, as developed by Esping-Andersen; to look at the extent to which this is correlated with opinions towards aspects of the Communist economy and the transition from this system; and to show how opinions on decommodification and the Communist economy and transition are multi-faceted and reflect differing socio-economic interests. Design/methodology/approach This paper draws on data obtained from a questionnaire asked to a random sample of 1,001 respondents in Poland. A factor analysis of questions related to the topic is carried out and then bivariate correlation and multivariate regression analyses are performed to test the relationship between attitudes towards decommodification and the (post) Communist economy. Findings It is discovered that the opinions of Polish society are close to many aspects of the decommodified welfare model, although these are not homogenous. There is a significant correlation between opinions towards the Communist economy and transition with the decommodified welfare state, although this weakens when the respondents are asked about more specific issues of welfare that most directly relate to their everyday lives. Originality/value The paper uses high quality data from an original data source, to both examine opinions on the welfare system and the Communist economy and transition. This allows us to better understand opinions towards the welfare state in Poland and understand how the historical legacy of Communism influences these opinions.
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Hartanto, Dadang. "Institusi Inklusif Primum Non Nocere Kesejahteraan Sosial." PERSPEKTIF 9, no. 2 (May 21, 2020): 119–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31289/perspektif.v9i2.3549.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The institutional model that works in a country in economic and political aspects influences social welfare. In the inclusive institutional model the principle that must be held is primum non necere or fisrt do no harm for social welfare. Proponents of the state must not suffer the lives of their people. In this paper it is reinforced that politics and economics are two sides of a coin that encourage and influence social welfare. Inclusive institutions always deal with extractive institutions. Daron Acemogle and James A. Robinso (2012) in their book Why Nations Fails reveal that economic growth and prosperity are associated with inclusive economic and political institutions, while extractive institutions typically lead to stagnation and poverty. Indonesia has the opportunity to have extractive institutions and therefore must be prevented by implementing democracy seriously and independent law enforcement based on due process of law. Inclusive institutions must be realized so that Indonesia can become a healthy and strong country. One of the health and strength of a country is determined by its economic strength which contributes to development and fiscal strengthening. Fiscal is built one of them by increasing tax revenue because of the contribution of taxation to the fiscal average of 77.6%
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Kondratienė, Virginija. "The Principle of Subsidiarity as a Valuable Benchmark in the Regulation of Economic Relations." Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym 17, no. 4 (December 1, 2014): 65–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1899-2226.17.4.05.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The principle of subsidiarity can be an effective tool for adjusting economic systems and establishing the social rule-of-law concept in public organisation. In considering the usability of the principle of subsidiarity, the following aspects thereof are discussed: the role in the development of the European social model; employment in determining limits for the powers of the public and private sectors; the application in the market and planned economy systems; and the social justice function in the development of a social welfare state. The principle of subsidiarity as an instrument for individuals’ interests, balancing and adjusting in the regulation of economic systems, helps to establish the relative sizes of public policy and the market, as subsidiarity can help ensure a more equitable distribution of public goods while guaranteeing the maintenance of the creative potency of operators and minimal satisfaction of vital needs of individuals unable to contribute to the production of goods. It amounts to a constitutional measure determining the balance of productive and protective state, thus ensuring the stability of the state organisation. In the concept of a social rule-of-law state, subsidiarity draws clear limits to the state’s powers, institutionally bringing together efforts of all members of the community to achieve welfare in the state.
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Sazhina, M. A., and A. V. Gavrilyuk. "Intellectual Property in an Innovative Economy: Methodological Aspects." Scientific Research of Faculty of Economics. Electronic Journal 12, no. 2 (June 28, 2020): 26–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.38050/2078-3809-2020-12-2-26-39.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article reveals the economic content of intellectual property as a ratio of the appropriation and alienation of property. It is shown that intellectual property acts as a unity of a person’s mental abilities, which are expressed in his ability to solve various kinds of problems, and the result of these abilities is the net income of the owner obtained as a result of alienation. The role of intellectual property as the most important changing factor in the development of an innovative economy is considered. The participation of the state and business in the use of intellectual property and the intensification of innovation is shown. The article discloses modern trends in the development of innovations aimed at a high degree of automation and the use of new technologies for continuous self-replicating economic growth, improving the welfare and standard of living of society, and the development of the human person.
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Indroyono, Puthut, Hempri Suyatna, Awan Santosa, Istianto Ari Wibowo, and Rindu Sanubari Mashita Firdaus. "Democratic Model for Village Economic Resource Management in Nglanggeran, Gunungkidul." Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik 21, no. 3 (April 18, 2018): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jsp.28738.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This article seeks to describe the results of the research with the topic of developing a model of governance of natural resources at the level of the rural communities involving community participation, both in terms of production, distribution aspects, and aspects of the control of the factors of production. By taking the case of the village Nglanggeran, it sought to create a model of governance “alternative” in the failure of the model of “state” and “market” in protecting people’s socio-economic interests of the community from systemic poverty and the threat of sustainable ecological environment. The experience of developing governance of a natural democracy in this village is expected to illustrate the potential, problems and alternatives completion faced by communities in improving the welfare in a fair and equitable manner.
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RATOSHNIUK, Tatiana, Alla SOKOLOVA, Viktor RATOSHNIUK, and Mykhailo MARTYNYUK. "THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF REGULATION OF ENVIRONMENTALLY SAFE PRODUCTION OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS." Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Economic sciences 310, no. 5(1) (September 29, 2022): 182–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2022-310-5(1)-30.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The socio-economic development of Ukraine requires increasing the level of food security of the state, providing the population with high-quality and ecologically safe food products in order to preserve their health and improve the welfare of society. The safety of food for the health of the population can be guaranteed only under the condition of organizing strict quality control of food products entering the domestic market, as well as through the implementation of a stimulating policy for the production of ecological products. In this connection, there is an objective need to develop and introduce a set of coordinated organizational and economic measures, which should be based on stricter public, state and self-government control over compliance with established norms and standards regarding production technologies and be implemented at all stages of the product life cycle. An important role in this context will be played by increasing the social responsibility of business, popularization of environmentally safe and energy-saving technologies, greening of all production and consumption processes, which requires coordinated cooperation of managers, managers and employees of agricultural, agro-industrial and processing enterprises, scientists, educators and the public. The legal regulation of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine has the greatest influence on the regulation of ecologically safe production of agricultural products. Ecological safety of agricultural products is the state of agricultural products, in which the state has established and established in current legislation mandatory safety parameters for this type of products, special sanitary and veterinary measures and requirements for both products and their producers, establishment of uniform standards safety, uniform systems of certification and marking, state control and supervision of the fulfillment of requirements and standards of environmental safety in the production and sale of agricultural products, as well as establishing norms of administrative, criminal, and civil liability for their violation. The main goals of state regulation of the agricultural sector are: guaranteeing the food security of the state; providing the population with quality food products; providing industry with raw materials; solving the problems of the economic and social nature of the development of the agricultural industry; ensuring the investment attractiveness of the agricultural sector; increasing the export potential of the agricultural sector.
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Munawir*, Al, Muhammad Azwar, Sukma Khaliza, and Muhammad Yasir Yusuf. "Islamic Economic Thought Abu Yusuf, Al-Ghazali, Asy-Syatibi (Comparative Study of Relations, Comparison and Relevance with Modern Islamic Economics)." Riwayat: Educational Journal of History and Humanities 6, no. 2 (April 10, 2023): 270–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/jr.v6i2.29968.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abu Yusuf, Al-Ghazali and Asy-Syathibi are muslim scientists who have put a lot of their thoughts into the economic field such as in the field of public finance, the role of the government in the movement of the country's economy and the theory of maqashid sharia in order to realize the welfare of the ummah. In the economic field, the three figures direct their thoughts in making policies that can provide solutions, support, encourage and create prosperity for the state and its citizens. This study aims to explain the relationship of thought between figures, relationships and relevance in the Indonesian economy at this time. This research belongs to the type of qualitative research and data collection methods through library research (library research). The results of this study indicate that the thoughts of previous economic leaders are still very much in line with today's modern economic realities, including in the aspects of public finance, the role of the state in the economy and the implementation of maqashid syariah.
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BOIKIVSKA, GALYNA, SVITLANA HLADUN, and OLGA KUTNIA. "THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF RESEARCH OF EMPLOYMENT PROBLEMS OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES." HERALD OF KHMELNYTSKYI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY 296, no. 4 (June 2021): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2021-296-4-6.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article examines the problems of employment of persons with disabilities and the peculiarities of regulatory and legal support in the field of regulation of employment of persons with disabilities. The employment rate of people with disabilities is a priority for a good life and an important indicator that gives them the right to feel like full members of society and get a positive impact on their psychological state. The concepts of state policy in the field of employment regulation of persons with disabilities are analyzed. The accumulated international and domestic experience shows that the effective solution of these problems is possible only within the model in which the political goals of the state, legal, economic, organizational and scientific skills, components of the social protection of persons with disabilities are pensions, state social insurance, state social insurance. support, system of benefits and compensations. Ukraine only at the first stage to inclusive development Inclusive development is based on the distribution of welfare, elimination of discrimination and participation of all labor resources, which provides a high standard of living for the majority of the population. Approaches to the definition of the terms “disability” and “persons with disabilities” in the legislation of different countries are systematized. Domestic legislation provides for a number of economic levers of influence on enterprises, institutions, organizations that use hired labor, in order to ensure employment of this category of citizens. The main problems of employment of people with disabilities and ways to overcome them are identified. Integrating people with disabilities into the labor market is a complex multilateral process that requires each country to find a specific combination of measures and funding opportunities. Successful implementation of measures is essential to create a comprehensive labor market with equal opportunities for all members of society.
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Fleming, Patricia A., Taya Clarke, Sarah L. Wickham, Catherine A. Stockman, Anne L. Barnes, Teresa Collins, and David W. Miller. "The contribution of qualitative behavioural assessment to appraisal of livestock welfare." Animal Production Science 56, no. 10 (2016): 1569. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an15101.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Animal welfare is increasingly important for the Australian livestock industries, to maintain social licence to practice as well as ensuring market share overseas. Improvement of animal welfare in the livestock industries requires several important key steps. Paramount among these, objective measures are needed for welfare assessment that will enable comparison and contrast of welfare implications of husbandry procedures or housing options. Such measures need to be versatile (can be applied under a wide range of on- and off-farm situations), relevant (reveal aspects of the animal’s affective or physiological state that is relevant to their welfare), reliable (can be repeated with confidence in the results), relatively economic to apply, and they need to have broad acceptance by all stakeholders. Qualitative Behavioural Assessment (QBA) is an integrated measure that characterises behaviour as a dynamic, expressive body language. QBA is a versatile tool requiring little specialist equipment suiting application to in situ assessments that enables comparative, hypothesis-driven evaluation of various industry-relevant practices. QBA is being increasingly used as part of animal welfare assessments in Europe, and although most other welfare assessment methods record ‘problems’ (e.g. lameness, injury scores, and so on), QBA can capture positive aspects of animal welfare (e.g. positively engaged with their environment, playfulness). In this viewpoint, we review the outcomes of recent QBA studies and discuss the potential application of QBA, in combination with other methods, as a welfare assessment tool for the Australian livestock industries.
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Carter, John, and Mary Rayner. "The Curious Case of Post-Fordism and Welfare." Journal of Social Policy 25, no. 3 (July 1996): 347–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279400023643.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThe post-Fordist welfare state thesis is premised upon the economic and technological changes seen in Britain and elsewhere over the last twenty-five years. Its regulationist variant though goes further and locates welfare shifts within a broader account of the transformed accumulation regime. This amounts to a useful intellectual framework within which to consider social policy developments.This article however, argues that the post-Fordist case is ultimately misleading as it works with an overly restrictive picture of welfare and pays insufficient attention to non-class social divisions. It overemphasises historical disjunctures in the development of welfare and in doing so misses important areas of continuity. This is compounded by a linked tendency to assume rather than demonstrate the actual transformation of the various services. The evidence from education provides only limited support for the predictive aspects of the model. It also confirms the need for sensitive causal accounts of welfare change.
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Rifdatul Hanifah and Muhammad Yasin. "Konsep Industrialisasi dan Transformasi Struktural di Indonesia." Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia 2, no. 3 (June 10, 2024): 01–09. http://dx.doi.org/10.61132/jepi.v2i3.647.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Regional economic development is closely related to changes and transformations of economic structures. There are four main aspects of economic development, namely growth, poverty alleviation, economic transformation, and sustainable development from an agrarian to industrial society. In Indonesia, economic development has encouraged growth and changes in economic structure, which are closely related. Structural transformation, namely the transition from the agricultural sector to the industrial or service sector, is a characteristic feature of developing countries. It involves changes in demand, trade, production, and other factors aimed at increasing per capita income and societal welfare. State-controlled industrialization policies have intellectual roots in the 19th century and have been the main strategy in many developing countries, including Indonesia since 1969. This strategy succeeded in shifting the economic focus from the agricultural sector to the industrial and service sectors, which also involved social transformation in addition to transformation. economy. Industrialization is defined as a significant socio-economic change, from a pre-industrial stage with low per capita income to a more advanced industrial stage.
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Fonio, Chiara, and Stefano Agnoletto. "Surveillance, Repression and the Welfare State: Aspects of Continuity and Discontinuity in post-Fascist Italy." Surveillance & Society 11, no. 1/2 (May 27, 2013): 74–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ss.v11i1/2.4449.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper seeks to explore political, cultural, legal and socio-economic legacies of the Fascist regime (1922-1943) in Italy. With the fall of the regime, in fact, the overall surveillance apparatus did not fade away. Former fascists were not purged from political and cultural life and very few were found guilty. The transition to democracy was thus marked by a substantial continuity of men and institutions (Della Porta and Reiter 2004) due to the active involvement of ex-OVRA (Organization of Vigilance and Repression of Anti-Fascism) officers in public institutions (Author 2011). It comes as no surprise that forms of pervasive non-technological social control continued for more than twenty years after the fall of the duce. Moreover, police state surveillance was combined with a meaningful continuity in other areas. For instance, the welfare state immediately after World War II was actually based upon the model built during Fascism. The “Fascist Social State” (Silei, 2000) had a corporative and authoritarian inspiration and was a strategy of social control and a tool to create consensus. In the 1950s and 1960s the institutional features of the Italian social security system remained fundamentally unchanged (Giorgi, 2009; Silei, 2000): an excess of bureaucracy and discretionary power; a system based on specific categories of people needing assistance and not on a more universal approach. The Italian post-fascist experience is a paradigmatic case-study that allows us to deal with ambiguities of the welfare state experience, described either as a tool of social control or as a vector of social justice. This paper is an attempt to analyze “social control strategies” in post-Fascist Italy with a focus both on aspects of continuity and on crucial socio-political discontinuities that are often overlooked in the literature.
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KHALID, M. Munib, Bushra Qamar, and Muhammad Sohail Fazal. "CONCEPT OF WELFARE STATE IN ISLAM ( RIYASAT-E- MADINA) IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF PAKISTAN: AN ANALYSIS." Journal of Arts & Social Sciences 9, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.46662/jass.v9i2.269.
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Islam is a complete system that fulfills the religious, social, individual, economic and political needs of human beings. It is not a religion but a complete ‘Deen’. It is a system that covers all aspects of individual and collective life of humans. The Islamic theorists like Al- Mawardi, Al- Gazali, Al- Farabi and Alama Iqbal also gave their theories to describe the Islamic state and also mentioned the duties of the Imam or Khalifa in Islamic state as he or a group of persons working as cabinet has to work for the betterment of the people living in an Islamic state whether Muslim or Non-Muslim. The qualities of an Islamic / welfare state have been discussed at length and compared these with the present situation of Pakistan under the present regime boosting to develop this state as Riyasat-e Madina. All that discussion made the researcher able to reach on the conclusion that the good initiatives taken by the present Govt. if continued can change state of Pakistan into an Islamic welfare state soon.
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Gammelgaard, Signe Leth. "Engineering the Welfare State: Economic Thought as Context to Boye’s Kallocain and Huxley’s Brave New World." Utopian Studies 34, no. 3 (November 2023): 436–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/utopianstudies.34.3.0436.
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ABSTRACT While the political aspects of the interwar dystopias have received much attention, less focus has been given to the specific correlation to the economic thinking and developments of the period, in particular the prominence of economic planning. This article suggests that such a connection is significant by examining a key Swedish novel from the period, Kallocain, in relation to the early economic theory of the Scandinavian welfare state. The article then relates these findings to links between Brave New World and the thinking of John Maynard Keynes. Finally, the kinds of critique articulated in these fictional works are centered around the citizens’ emotional and interior lives in new planned societies, and around their views on bad, disloyal, or painful feelings.
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Amalia, Euis, and Eltom Ishaq Osman Musa. "Economic Compatibility of Islamic Economy and Pancasila: Implications for the Postgraduate Curriculum." Indonesian Journal of Islamic Economic Law 1, no. 1 (December 7, 2023): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/ijoel.v1i1.3434.
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This article aims to develop the Sharia Economics Curriculum in Indonesia which has a unique relationship between religion and state and the compatibility of both in the postgraduate curriculum in Indonesia. The integration of Islamic Economic values into the Pancasila economic framework supports the Islamic economic industry in Indonesia. The analytical method in this study will utilize literature studies by collecting and evaluating relevant theoretical sources to understand the compatibility between Pancasila economics and Islamic economics. The data will be analyzed through classification, synthesis, and pattern tracing in the literature to fill the research gap. The research concluded that there are several critical points in the alignment of the curriculum of the Master of Sharia Economic Law in Indonesia, including discrepancies in the integration of the economic values of Pancasila and Islamic Economics, a focus on legal aspects rather than ethics, a lack of concretomatic details on the redistribution of wealth and property rights, and a lack of emphasis on social welfare. The recommendations involve developing detailed strategies to integrate these values into the curriculum, collaboration with Islamic economic experts, practitioners, and experts, and ongoing monitoring and evaluation to ensure comprehensive alignment. It is necessary to create graduates with a holistic understanding of the compatibility of Islamic Economics and Pancasila in Islamic economic law.
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Kutsenko, Vira, Olena Garashchuk, and Hanna Yevtushenko. "METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF MODELING OF SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONDITIONS OF FORMING AGLOMERATIONS." Environmental Economics and Sustainable Development, no. 5 (24) (2019): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.37100/2616-7689/2019/5(24)/8.
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The state of social development in the conditions of formation of market relations and the formation of agglomerations is analyzed. The main attention is focused on the industries that contribute to the formation of the main productive force – the human person and contribute to the growth of the living standards of the population. The positive and negative aspects of development are revealed, the essence of agglomerations is revealed, their role in the socio-economic development of the country and the improvement of the welfare of the population; In this aspect, foreign experience has been investigated. Proposed ways to further improve social development in the conditions of the formation of agglomerations.
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Brown, Hana E., and Rachel Kahn Best. "Logics of Redistribution." Sociological Perspectives 60, no. 4 (July 1, 2016): 786–809. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731121416656843.
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Social policy scholars disagree about which factors best predict U.S. welfare state generosity. We argue that this disagreement is an artifact of study designs. Researchers usually study either the totality of a state’s social expenditures or one specific program. These approaches overlook the fact that individual social programs were born of different circumstances and serve different constituencies. Comparing state-level policies for Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), the Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP), and the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), our findings suggest that these programs are governed by distinct logics of redistribution. Racial characteristics drive TANF generosity. Economic forces best predict CHIP generosity. SNAP generosity is a function of political factors. Qualitative data from Congressional hearings confirm these findings. These results adjudicate between conflicting accounts of the contemporary welfare state and also highlight which aspects of a program’s design make it most susceptible to the effects of racial bias and to partisan politics.
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Sri Sulistiowati and I Gusti Wayan Murjana Yasa. "DETERMINANTS OF SUSTAINABLE HEALTH DEVELOPMENT." Jurnal Cahaya Mandalika ISSN 2721-4796 (online) 2, no. 2 (July 9, 2021): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.36312/jcm.v2i2.389.
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Sustainable health development is a change that leads to a positive or better in the social, economic aspects whose implementation does not ignore the ecological or environmental and social aspects where all levels of society depend on environmental aspects. The successful implementation of sustainable health development requires integrated policies, planning and social learning processes. One of the government's efforts to encourage hospitals to prioritize service, safety and protection for the community is to require hospitals to carry out accreditation. Accreditation is an acknowledgment given to hospitals because they have strived to improve the quality of services on an ongoing basis. To ensure the realization of sustainable health development, it is very dependent on social capital, especially the community's ability to manage and overcome economic, social and environmental pressures. Communities that are endowed with wealth of social capital are in an advantageous position in implementing development programs. Thus, a healthy society will always be in a prosperous state, because it is still able to live productively. According to the previous explanation, it is known that government policies, social capital and public welfare affect the health of the community in a sustainable manner. This study tries to formulate the problem (1) How is the relationship between government policy and sustainable health development?; (2) What is the relationship between social capital and sustainable health development and (3) What is the relationship between welfare and sustainable health development?. This research is a literature review related to government policies in the health sector. Through the literature, this study attempts to analyze the relationship between government policy, social capital and welfare in relation to sustainable health. The conclusions of this study are (1) government policies affect sustainable health development?; (2) social capital affects sustainable health development and (3) welfare affects sustainable health development?
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Pujaastawa, Ida Bagus Gde, and I. Putu Sudana. "MODEL PARIWISATA BERBASIS TRI HITA KARANA: STUDI KASUS PENGELOLAAN KAWASAN LUAR PURA ULUWATU." Jurnal Antropologi: Isu-Isu Sosial Budaya 24, no. 1 (June 5, 2022): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jantro.v24.n1.p70-80.2022.
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This study tries to examine the management model of Kawasan Luar Pura Uluwatu Tourist attraction in Pecatu Village, Bali, one of the popular tourist attractions and is considered to have implications that lead to increasing economic welfare, cultural and environmental sustainability. The purpose of this research is to formulate a tourism attraction management model based on Tri Hita Karana as an alternative model for sustainable tourism development. This research was conducted using an ethnographic approach as a variant of the qualitative approach. Data was collected by using interviews, observation, literature, and document inspection techniques. The findings of this study state that the Tri Hita Karana-based tourist attraction management model makes the three environmental aspects (spiritual, social, and physical) objects as well as subjects of tourism development. In their position as objects, aspects of parhyangan, pawongan, and palemahan function as potential tourist attractions. On the other hand, as a subject, the values of Tri Hita Karana serve as a reference as well as control tourism development policies. This model carries a number of implications in the form of increasing economic welfare, and cultural and environmental sustainability in a sustainable manner.
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Bukhari, Syed S. U. H., Rebecca S. V. Parkes, Lynne U. Sneddon, and Alan G. McElligott. "The behavior and welfare of neglected species: some examples from fish and mammals." PeerJ 12 (March 28, 2024): e17149. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.17149.
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Animal welfare is the state of an animal’s body and mind and the level to which its requirements are satisfied. Animal welfare is affected by human decisions and actions. Numerous decisions concerning animals are driven by human desires to enhance their own lives, and some of these decisions may be influenced by self-interest or a strong emphasis on economic factors. How to assess the welfare state of animals is a central issue in animal welfare science. Two critical questions can be used to address animal welfare: first, is the animal healthy, and second, does the animal have what it needs? Both of these questions can potentially be answered using the study of animal behavior. The development of behavioral methodologies is crucial for evaluating welfare in contexts where concern for animal welfare is often highest, such as on intensive modern farms and sites where working animals are used. Herein, we discuss animal welfare by focusing on some of its major concepts and explanations. Later, to illustrate key aspects of animal welfare, we chose to examine the information that is available for some ‘neglected’ livestock species, which are commercially important on a global basis and found in large numbers: buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis), camels (Camelus dromedarius), donkeys (Equus asinus), mules (Equus asinus × Equus caballus), and lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus). We chose these species because there are major ongoing concerns about their welfare, and more research is required to help solve the various problems. Overall, there are strong imbalances in terms of the species that are usually studied in terms of animal welfare research, and we call for greater attention to those that have traditionally been neglected.