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Статті в журналах з теми "Welfare recipients"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 29 липня 2024

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1

Birch, Thomas D. "Basic Needs: Paternalistic Government Welfare Policy with Distortionary Taxation." Public Finance Quarterly 15, no. 3 (July 1987): 298–321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109114218701500304.

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This article analyzes government welfare policy in a general equilibrium setting with distortionary taxation. Government welfare policy is in accordance with the preferences of donor-taxpayers who want the consumption-leisure bundle of recipients to satisfy “basic needs.” The main focus is on the optimal level of employment for a destitute welfare recipient from the donor-taxpayer's perspective. This optimal level depends on the distortionary cost of taxation, whether the donor regards leisure or work as a basic “need,” and the distribution of the recipient's income if work is required. It is argued that donor appropriation of income resulting from mandatory recipient work in the private sector is not necessarily superior to either letting recipients retain their income or having the government appropriate the recipient's income from mandatory public sector employment.

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2

Cooley, Erin, Jazmin L. Brown-Iannuzzi, and Caroline Boudreau. "Shifting Stereotypes of Welfare Recipients Can Reverse Racial Biases in Support for Wealth Redistribution." Social Psychological and Personality Science 10, no. 8 (February 27, 2019): 1065–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1948550619829062.

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When people imagine welfare recipients, research indicates that they often imagine lazy, Black Americans who are perpetually dependent on government assistance. In the present work, we investigate the last assumption—perpetual dependence. We hypothesize that providing information about recipients’ ability to obtain financial independence may reduce racial biases in support for welfare policies. In Study 1, when given no information about recipients’ ability to obtain independence, White participants reported less support for the program and a greater desire to monitor recipient spending, when the majority of recipients were Black (vs. White). However, learning that most recipients gained independence (i.e., they obtained jobs and exited the program) eliminated or reversed these racial biases—an effect associated with reduced negative work ethic stereotypes of welfare recipients (Study 2). We conclude that perceived independence of welfare recipients may shift work ethic stereotypes and increase support for welfare policies, regardless of recipient race.

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3

Pg Md Salleh, Ak Md Hasnol Alwee. "A comparison on financial literacy between welfare recipients and non-welfare recipients in Brunei." International Journal of Social Economics 42, no. 7 (July 13, 2015): 598–613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-09-2013-0210.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide insights onto the level of financial literacy in Brunei, notably focussing on the findings of welfare recipient’s vis-à-vis non-welfare recipients. Design/methodology/approach – Findings are based on structured interviews with 431 heads of households (215 welfare recipients and 216 non-welfare recipients), within the realm of money management, emergency planning and investing for goals. To analyze the data, Pearson’s χ2 test and logistic regressions are undertaken. Findings – The findings underline the importance of enhancing the level of financial literacy, notably for low-income households and those in poverty, as the analysis highlighted their level of financial literacy was significantly lower than non-welfare recipients. Research limitations/implications – Future researches may want to consider a random sampling approach and/or using other districts in the country, to ascertain a representative set of findings. Practical implications – The implication of the findzings highlights the need for welfare programs to consider incorporating financial literacy programs, designed specifically for welfare recipients, distinct from non-welfare recipients. Originality/value – There is currently no known research on financial literacy related to Brunei. Further, the paper also focusses on financial literacy, as a means to assist those in welfare or poverty, in order to enhance their financial well-being.

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4

Cheng, Tyrone Chiwai. "Welfare “Recidivism” among Former Welfare Recipients." Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services 84, no. 1 (January 2003): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1606/1044-3894.74.

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With welfare reform soundly launched and its effects already praised, it is time to examine its impact on former welfare recipients. A typology of adaptation to welfare—comprising dependency, supplementation, self-reliance, and autonomy—was developed based on former welfare recipients' financial status and employment status. An examination was also made of ways in which welfare recipients changed from more independent modes of adaptation (autonomy and self-reliance) to less independent modes (supplementation and dependency). Using longitudinal data extracted from a U. S. Department of Labor survey, event history analysis was applied to investigate changes in adaptation mode and factors contributing to these changes, among former welfare recipients across a period of 1 8 years. The investigation found that return to welfare was uncommon. Furthermore, the results show that nonpoor former recipients most often joined the ranks of the working poor because of welfare reform, ethnicity, education level, occupational skills, family income, housing subsidy, child care, and prior experience in welfare use. Some nonpoor former recipients who spent long spells in welfare returned to welfare because they suffered income reductions and needed food stamps. Working poor former recipients were likely to become nonpoor if they were married and had no need for child care or food stamps. Working poor White, single mothers with little work experience and little child support were likely to return to welfare and become further dependent on it.

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5

Roff, Lucinda Lee, David L. Klemmack, Debra M. McCallum, and Michael B. Conaway. "Perceptions of Welfare Recipient Fraud and Provider Fraud: A 20-Year Follow-Up." Advances in Social Work 2, no. 1 (April 30, 2001): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.18060/194.

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This study replicated Roff & Klemmack's (1983) investigation of adult Alabamians' opinions regarding the degree to which welfare recipients and welfare employees defraud the government. The majority of the current respondents continue to see recipients as dishonest, but the mean recipient fraud index score dropped from 13.34 to 11.34. As was the case in the earlier study, beliefs that recipients defraud the government predicted lower support for government programs. The percentage of respondents who believed welfare employees to be dishonest doubled from 15.4% to 30.0% from 1981 to 2000, and the mean worker fraud index score increased from 4.14 to 7.02. Consistent with the previous study, beliefs that welfare employees are dishonest predicted higher, not lower, support for government programs and services. Social workers should be aware that a growing proportion of the population questions the integrity of those running welfare programs.

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6

Bartik, Timothy J. "Jobs for Welfare Recipients." Employment Research 4, no. 1 (1997): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.17848/1075-8445.4(1)-2.

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7

Rispandi. "Implementasi Metode K-Medoids Untuk Clustring Penerima Bantuan Berdasarkan Normalisasi Data Masyarakat Miskin Dengan Metode Desimal Scaling." Journal of Computing and Informatics Research 3, no. 1 (November 30, 2023): 141–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.47065/comforch.v3i1.1063.

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The Social Welfare Office is the distributor of aid for the economically disadvantaged population in accordance with the regulations set by the Minister of Social Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia Number 20 of 2019. This aid is provided to the economically disadvantaged population selectively, not continuously, in the form of goods or cash, aiming to improve the welfare of the economically disadvantaged and socially vulnerable. The data of aid recipients from the economically disadvantaged population needs to be processed and normalized to obtain the desired information, facilitating the grouping of aid recipients at the Southeast Aceh Social Welfare Office. The aid recipients' data is processed and normalized to ease the grouping process using Decimal Scaling method, enabling the extraction of desired information. Subsequently, the data is clustered using the K-Medoids method to group aid recipients based on the normalized data, thus simplifying the identification of the most suitable aid recipients. This research employs a system capable of providing a solution for clustering aid recipient data using the K-Medoids method and the RapidMiner application

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8

Brown-Iannuzzi, Jazmin L., Erin Cooley, Christopher K. Marshburn, Stephanie E. McKee, and Ryan F. Lei. "Investigating the Interplay Between Race, Work Ethic Stereotypes, and Attitudes Toward Welfare Recipients and Policies." Social Psychological and Personality Science 12, no. 7 (January 12, 2021): 1155–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1948550620983051.

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The current research investigates the role of racialized work ethic stereotypes on attitudes toward welfare. We hypothesized that work ethic stereotypes shape both people’s attitudes toward welfare and their perceptions of who benefits from these policies. Consistent with hypotheses, when the demographic composition of welfare recipients was majority Black (vs. White), participants thought recipients were lazier and were less positive to welfare programs and policies (Study 1). Describing welfare recipients as hardworking (vs. no information control) mitigated this effect, even when the demographic composition of welfare recipients was majority Black (Study 2). Finally, we investigated whether work ethic stereotypes shape both attitudes toward welfare and spontaneous mental images of recipients. Images generated when participants were asked to envision hardworking (vs. lazy) recipients were rated by a separate sample as more representative of White Americans and garnered more support for providing welfare benefits (Study 3).

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9

Bäckman, Olof, and Åke Bergmark. "Escaping welfare? Social assistance dynamics in Sweden." Journal of European Social Policy 21, no. 5 (December 2011): 486–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958928711418855.

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The article analyses temporal patterns in social assistance receipt in Sweden in the 2000s by looking at which circumstances facilitate versus reduce the possibilities of a person ceasing to be a recipient of social assistance. The analysis is guided by the following questions: What conditions lead people to terminate periods of social assistance receipt? Which factors are central to exits with different subsequent income patterns? How do these explain the different situations of recipients prior to termination? We focus particularly on income maintenance prior to spells of social assistance. We use event history data on monthly social assistance take-up covering the total adult Swedish population for the years 2002–2004. We adopt a gamma mixture model to control for unobserved heterogeneity. The results suggest that previous experience of both employment and social assistance receipt are important determinants for all types of exits from social assistance recipiency. A negative duration dependence is found also when unobserved heterogeneity is controlled for.

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10

Smedslund, Geir, Kåre Birger Hagen, Asbjørn Steiro, Torill Johme, Therese Kristine Dalsbø, and Mons Georg Rud. "Work Programmes for Welfare Recipients." Campbell Systematic Reviews 2, no. 1 (2006): 1–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.4073/csr.2006.9.

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11

Marsh, George E., Carolyn Pollan, Anna C. McFadden, and Barrie Jo Price. "Literacy skills of welfare recipients." Urban Review 22, no. 4 (December 1990): 299–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01108466.

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12

Tang, Thomas Li-Ping, and Vancie L. Smith-Brandon. "From Welfare to Work: The Endorsement of the Money Ethic and the Work Ethic among Welfare Recipients, Welfare Recipients in Training Programs, and Employed Past Welfare Recipients." Public Personnel Management 30, no. 2 (June 2001): 241–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009102600103000209.

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13

Vahid Shahidi, Faraz, Odmaa Sod-Erdene, Chantel Ramraj, Vincent Hildebrand, and Arjumand Siddiqi. "Government social assistance programmes are failing to protect the health of low-income populations: evidence from the USA and Canada (2003–2014)." Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 73, no. 3 (November 15, 2018): 198–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2018-211351.

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BackgroundSocial policies that improve the availability and distribution of key socioeconomic resources such as income, wealth and employment are believed to present the most promising avenue for reducing health inequalities. The present study aims to estimate the effect of social assistance recipiency on the health of low-income earners in the USA and Canada.MethodsDrawing on nationally representative survey data (National Health Interview Survey and the Canadian Community Health Survey), we employed propensity score matching to match recipients of social assistance to comparable sets of non-recipient ‘controls’. Using a variety of matching algorithms, we estimated the treatment effect of social assistance recipiency on self-rated health, chronic conditions, hypertension, obesity, smoking, binge drinking and physical inactivity.ResultsAfter accounting for underlying differences in the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of recipients and non-recipients, we found that social assistance recipiency was associated with worse health status or, at best, the absence of a clear health advantage. This finding was consistent across several different matching strategies and a diverse range of health outcomes.ConclusionsFrom a public health perspective, our findings suggest that interventions are warranted to improve the scope and generosity of existing social assistance programmes. This may include reversing welfare reforms implemented over the past several decades, increasing benefit levels and untethering benefit recipiency from stringent work conditionalities.

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14

Bonds, Michael. "Race, Welfare Reform and Caseworkers' Treatment of Welfare Recipients." Journal of Health & Social Policy 22, no. 1 (November 9, 2006): 39–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j045v22n01_04.

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15

Yoshizumi, Takahiro, Seiko Mizutani, and Soshiro Yamada. "Deprivation and Social Support in Mental Health of Welfare Recipients in Japan." Psychological Reports 118, no. 2 (March 18, 2016): 372–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033294116639183.

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Although many Western studies examining the mental health of welfare recipients exist, Japanese welfare recipients have been overlooked. This study investigated mental health among welfare recipients in Japan and relations with a sense of deprivation of life's necessities and social support. Participants ( n = 305) completed the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12), Proportional Deprivation Index, and a social support scale. Participants' GHQ-12 scores exceeded those of the general public, as 54.9% scored above the cut-off, suggesting poorer mental health among welfare recipients than the general population. Proportional Deprivation Index and emotional support from relatives and friends were associated with GHQ-12 scores. These results suggest that while chronic deprivation is associated with poorer mental health among welfare recipients, receiving emotional support may help cope with distress and maintain mental health.

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16

Ratcliffe, Caroline E. "Premarital Childbearing and Welfare Receipt: The Role of Mothers' Receipt." ILR Review 56, no. 1 (October 2002): 160–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001979390205600109.

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This study uses the 1968–91 Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) to examine the relationship between mothers' receipt of Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) welfare benefits and their daughters' premarital childbearing and welfare receipt. The results for black females suggest that black daughters from welfare-recipient households were more likely to become adult welfare recipients than were black daughters from non-welfare-recipient households, but that there was only a weak relationship between mothers' welfare receipt and daughters' premarital childbearing. These results suggest that premarital childbearing was not an important variable mediating intergenerational transmission of welfare use in black families. Other results call into question previous findings using PSID data that suggest the existence of intergenerational welfare transmission among non-blacks. Specifically, it appears that the sample of non-black daughters in the PSID is insufficient to provide a satisfactory answer to the question of welfare transmission for that group.

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17

Pg Md Salleh, Ak Md Hasnol Alwee. "Integrating financial inclusion and saving motives into institutional zakat practices." International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management 8, no. 2 (June 15, 2015): 150–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imefm-12-2013-0126.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify how zakat institutions in Brunei can facilitate financial inclusion into their practices and assist to fulfil the saving motives of zakat recipients, notably upon creating financial products/solutions for the poor and destitute. Design/methodology/approach – Using mixed methods approach, structured interviews were conducted with 431 individuals (215 welfare recipients and 216 non-welfare recipients) and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 39 welfare recipients. Findings – This paper highlights the need for bank accounts and credit facilities that meet the needs of welfare recipients, to fulfil their daily needs, as well as saving for children/grandchildren’s education, and for welfare recipients who save. Research limitations/implications – Limitation includes non-random sampling. Practical implications – The implications of these findings point out how zakat and other social institutions in Islam can adapt to contemporary challenges in personal finance, notably in facilitating financial inclusion and understanding saving motives of recipients. Originality/value – This paper provides a perspective and contention for zakat institutions to adapt to contemporary aspects of personal finance, through facilitating financial inclusion and the saving motives of zakat recipients.

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18

MASON, CLAIRE, ANNELIESE SPINKS, STEFAN HAJKOWICZ, and LIZ HOBMAN. "Exploring the Contribution of Frontline Welfare Service Delivery to Capability Development in Australia." Journal of Social Policy 43, no. 3 (April 15, 2014): 635–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279414000087.

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AbstractThis study explores how interactions between frontline welfare service delivery employees and recipients are seen to affect welfare recipients’ capabilities. Seventeen employees and fifty-two welfare recipients from the Australian Department of Human Services were interviewed regarding their service delivery experiences. Interviews were transcribed and participants’ descriptions of the outcomes achieved from welfare service delivery interactions were analysed to determine the major themes. Burchardt and Vizard's (2007) capability list captured many of the effects described by participants, particularly the capability domains labelled ‘Individual, family and social life’, ‘Education and learning’, ‘Standard of living’, ‘Health’ and ‘Productive and valued activities’. Other outcomes were described by participants that might represent early indicators of positive or negative impact. Our findings suggest that welfare service delivery can both promote and impair capability development for welfare recipients.

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19

Schels, Brigitte, and Arne Bethmann. "Job search of men and women on long-term social welfare." International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 38, no. 3/4 (April 9, 2018): 224–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijssp-07-2017-0090.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the job search probability in welfare receipt over time for men and women in different household constellations, because it is a major concern in welfare states that long-term receipt is driven by recipients’ low job search activity. Design/methodology/approach The paper analyses the likelihood to search for a job for a sample of unemployed recipients of means-tested welfare benefits in Germany. Data basis is the panel study “Labour Market and Social Security” (PASS), and growth curve models are applied in this study. Findings Job search probability differs by household constellation and gender directly after the onset of welfare receipt; differences are less distinct for changes in job search probability over time. Only welfare recipients without children show a pronounced decline in search probability. Practical implications There is no evidence that welfare recipients’ overall cease to search for a job by and by. Financial incentives alone cannot stimulate the job search of welfare recipients, when the diverse motives of male and female recipients in various household constellations are not considered as well. Originality/value This paper is the first to study the long-term development in the job search probability and gender differences by household constellations.

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20

Blumenberg, Evelyn, and Daniel Hess Hess. "Measuring the Role of Transportation in Facilitating Welfare-to-Work Transition: Evidence from Three California Counties." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1859, no. 1 (January 2003): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1859-12.

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Welfare-to-Work transportation programs are premised on a conceptualization of the spatial mismatch hypothesis that focuses on the physical separation between the central city locations of welfare participants, rapidly expanding job opportunities in the suburbs, and the long commutes needed to connect them. Using data from three diverse California counties, welfare recipients’ spatial access to employment was examined. The results indicate that the traditional notion of the spatial mismatch is less relevant to welfare recipients, many of whom live in counties in which the urban structure does not fit the simple model of poor, central-city neighborhoods and distant, job-rich suburbs. Many welfare recipients live in job-rich areas; others live in neighborhoods that are spatially isolated from employment. Therefore, to be effective, transportation policies must be tailored to the diverse characteristics of the neighborhoods in which welfare recipients live.

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21

HOHMEYER, KATRIN, and TORSTEN LIETZMANN. "Persistence of Welfare Receipt and Unemployment in Germany: Determinants and Duration Dependence." Journal of Social Policy 49, no. 2 (May 21, 2019): 299–322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279419000242.

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AbstractAlthough the German economy managed the last economic recession comparatively well, it suffers from high and stagnating long-term unemployment and benefit receipt. This article is the first to study the duration and determinants of welfare benefit (“unemployment benefit II”) receipt in Germany as a whole, with special attention on duration dependence. The recipients of the means-tested household benefit are not necessarily registered as unemployed, but are, for example, employed with insufficient earnings, in training measures or economically inactive. Due to the heterogeneous situations of welfare recipients, separately studying welfare receipt and unemployment is necessary. By using exceptionally rich administrative data on a 1% random sample of welfare recipients from between 2005 and 2014, we estimate discrete-time hazard rate models that control for unobserved heterogeneity. The first benefit and unemployment episodes for first welfare recipients between 2006 and 2012 (n = 26,163) are traced monthly until 31 December 2014. Recipients leave unemployment more quickly than welfare. Sociodemographic characteristics, labour market resources and the duration seem to affect both processes. Household composition is less important for leaving unemployment than for leaving welfare. Overall, the results indicate that leaving unemployment and leaving welfare receipt are two different processes that need distinct policies.

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22

Garcia, John A., and Randall D. Harris. "Barriers to Employment for Welfare Recipients." Journal of Ethnic And Cultural Diversity in Social Work 10, no. 4 (June 2001): 21–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j051v10n04_02.

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23

Shanley, E. L., D. M. Argenta, and C. L. Eller. "Training Welfare Recipients in Professional Cooking." Journal of the American Dietetic Association 96, no. 9 (September 1996): A59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-8223(96)00509-3.

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24

Greenberg, David H., Charles H. Michalopoulos, Philip K. Robins, and Robert H. Wood. "MAKING WORK PAY FOR WELFARE RECIPIENTS." Contemporary Economic Policy 13, no. 3 (July 1995): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-7287.1995.tb00007.x.

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25

Larrison, Christopher R., Larry Nackerud, Ed Risler, and Michael Sullivan. "Welfare Recipients and the Digital Divide." Journal of Technology in Human Services 19, no. 4 (September 2002): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j017v19v04_01.

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26

Smedslund, Geir, Espen Dahl, Kåre Birger Hagen, Asbjørn Steiro, Torill Johme, Therese Kristine Dalsbø, and Mons Georg Rud. "PROTOCOL: Work programmes for welfare recipients." Campbell Systematic Reviews 1, no. 1 (July 5, 2004): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cl2.7.

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27

Gottschalk, Peter. "Can work alter welfare recipients' beliefs?" Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 24, no. 3 (2005): 485–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pam.20111.

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28

Sari, Amelia Puspita. "Pengaruh Remitansi Terhadap Perbedaan Kesejahteraan Rumah Tangga di Indonesia dengan Metode Propensity Score Matching." Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan 8, no. 2 (July 9, 2019): 98–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jep.v8i2.38.

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There is a common assumption in the literature and policymakers that migrant remittances have an essential role in improving the welfare of migrant households in the regions of origin. Payments play the same position in economic development as foreign direct investment and other capital flows. This study observes international and internal remittances in Indonesia that are being made to contribute to assessing the impact of payments on household welfare. Using longitudinal data from Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) from 2000 until 2007 on wave 3 and 4, the study will observe the impact of the development of remittance income on the household accumulated asset as a measure of well-being between recipients and non-recipients. This research uses propensity score matching (PSM) method and difference-in-difference (DID) to measure the revenue impact of remittances on household assets and compare them to non-remittance households. It was found that there are significant differences between the well-being of recipients with non-recipient remittances households.

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29

Brown, Victoria L., Isaac D. Montoya, Cheryl A. Dayton-Shotts, Tiffany L. Carroll-Curtis, and Micah A. Riley. "Trends of Criminal Activity and Substance Use in a Sample of Welfare Recipients." Crime & Delinquency 50, no. 1 (January 2004): 6–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128703258866.

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The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) of 1996 instituted a compulsory work mandate for welfare recipients. However, recipients who experience difficulties finding employment may increase their involvement in criminal activities and their frequency of substance use as a means to deal with changes precipitated by PRWORA. This study used a four-wave panel design to analyze the criminal behaviors and substance-use frequency of 534 welfare recipients in Houston, Texas. Data were collected from the Attitudes, Behaviors, and Skills Assessment (ABSA) instrument designed specifically for this study. Results show that a minority of welfare recipients were involved in criminal activity. Furthermore, although participants were losing their welfare benefits, both criminal activity and substance use declined over time.

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30

Sosulski, Marya R. "Access to Higher Education in the Age of Welfare Reform: Implications for Policy." International Journal of Multiple Research Approaches 13, no. 3 (December 31, 2021): 233–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.29034/ijmra.v13n3a1.

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In the United States, increasing access to higher education for low-income people is a seemingly relentless challenge. Welfare reform, implemented in 1997 under the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) Program, introduced requirements for an unprecedented proportion of recipients to participate full-time in work-like activities or lose benefits. These requirements constrain recipients’ activities and present significant barriers to enrolling and persisting in higher education. Yet, many welfare recipients assert that post-secondary education is their best, if not only, option for improving their life chances and those of their families. Studies in the first decade of welfare reform provided valuable information about the importance of access to education and training for welfare recipients; but it is unclear what role public benefits, such as cash assistance and subsidies for education-related expenses, play in helping welfare recipients enroll. Welfare college option policies can help, but only if accompanied by multiple supports specific to higher education access. This article explores the nature of the relationship between public assistance benefits and welfare recipients’ enrollment in higher education. The study combines quantitative analysis of statewide survey data from the Illinois Families Study and an embedded qualitative sample that participated in two waves of in-depth interviews. The study contributes a view of individual, community-level, and structural factors significantly associated with post-secondary enrollment and the respondents’ perspectives on why and how these factors operate to help or to hinder their efforts. Understanding access to higher education for welfare recipients in Illinois—a state with a relatively liberal college option policy but low enrollment—is instrumental to creating policy solutions that augment existing pathways to post-secondary education for this group, as well as new inroads.

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31

Grossman, Jean Baldwin, and Judith Roberts. "Welfare Savings from Employment and Training Programs for Welfare Recipients." Review of Economics and Statistics 71, no. 3 (August 1989): 532. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1926913.

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32

Nam, Yunju, William Meezan, and Sandra K. Danziger. "Welfare recipients’ involvement with child protective services after welfare reform." Child Abuse & Neglect 30, no. 11 (November 2006): 1181–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2006.01.006.

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33

ACHDUT, NETTA, and HAYA STIER. "The Role of Monetary and Non-Monetary Job Quality Components in Determining Welfare Exit." Journal of Social Policy 50, no. 1 (March 16, 2020): 79–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279419000977.

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AbstractContemporary welfare policies in many Western countries limit means tested public assistance for the long-term unemployed and spur rapid movement into the labor market. Studies on welfare use determinants that traced these policy changes focused on individuals’ characteristics, economic condition, and various policy components. Little attention was paid to welfare recipients’ job quality or its role in determining welfare exit. The present study examined the contribution of various job quality aspects, beyond wages, to welfare exit among welfare recipients in Israel. We considered the use of workers’ own skills and occupation, existence of standard employment contract (versus temporary), irregular work schedule, and application of mandatory and non-mandatory non-wage compensation attributes. The data derive from a national panel survey of 2,800 single-mother recipients of welfare in 2003. The results indicate the importance of these job components for welfare exit, above and beyond wages. Implications for policy are discussed.

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34

McGann, Michael, Phuc Nguyen, and Mark Considine. "Welfare Conditionality and Blaming the Unemployed." Administration & Society 52, no. 3 (March 27, 2019): 466–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095399719839362.

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Welfare recipients are increasingly subject to various forms of work-related conditionality that, critics argue, presuppose a “pathological” theory of unemployment that stigmatizes welfare recipients as de-motivated to work. Drawing on surveys of Australian frontline employment services staff, we examine the extent to which caseworkers attribute being on benefits to recipients’ lack of motivation, and whether this problem figuration of unemployment is associated with a “harder edged” approach to activation. We find that it is, although it is diminishing. This reflects how frontline discretion has become more routinized from the application of more intensive forms of performance monitoring and compliance auditing.

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35

Gubrium, Erika K., and Ariana Fernandes Guilherme. "Policing Norwegian Welfare: Disciplining and Differentiating within the Bottom Rungs." Social Inclusion 2, no. 3 (September 17, 2014): 005–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v2i3.35.

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Policing is a disciplining means for using welfare services to govern welfare recipients towards a desired behaviour or goal. We apply Foucault’s (1977) definition of institutional discipline as a means for exploring how the distinctions made by state and local welfare authorities in Norway when policing recipients may take shape according to normative perceptions of ethnicity and deservingness. More particularly, we explore the regulating understandings and activities linked to the inclusion and exclusion of eligibility to welfare benefits and services and the form of the services offered. Our focus lies at the point of entry from the lowest tier of Norwegian welfare benefits (social assistance) into two semi-parallel and higher tiers promising more (higher benefits, better services). The tiers are represented by programmes that share aims, yet differ in reach: the 2004 Introduction Programme and the 2007 Qualification Programme. The Introduction Programme is an activation programme targeted at immigrants and refugees newly arrived to Norway. Its aim is to strengthen opportunities to participate in society and labour market, as well as to promote economic independence. The Qualification Programme is an activation programme that was explicitly modelled after the Introduction Programme, yet whose target group reaches more broadly to include long-term recipients of social assistance and those whose work ability is severely lowered. While both programmes have been premised on the need to transform participants from a status of passive welfare benefit recipients to active participants in qualifying measures and society, the target groups vary and it is this contrast that is our point of focus. We contrast the two policies at two ‘moments’ in the policy cycle: (1) policy framing (public and policymaker understandings/assumptions concerning the target group, the location of accountability for the marginal position of the policy recipient and the policy’s political/social goals); and (2) the shaping and formative structure of these policies (how the relevant policies came into existence and what they look like).

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36

Hohmeyer, Katrin, and Eva Kopf. "Caught between two stools? Informal care provision and employment among welfare recipients in Germany." Ageing and Society 40, no. 1 (August 7, 2018): 162–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x18000806.

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AbstractIn many countries, population ageing is challenging the viability of the welfare state and generating higher demands for long-term care. At the same time, increasing participation in the labour force is essential to ensuring the sustainability of the welfare state. To address the latter issue, affected countries have adopted measures to increase employment; e.g. welfare recipients in Germany are required to be available for any type of legal work. However, 7 per cent of welfare benefit recipients in Germany provide long-term care for relatives or friends, and this care-giving may interfere with their job search efforts and decrease their employment opportunities. Our paper provides evidence of the relationship between the care responsibilities and employment chances of welfare recipients in Germany. Our analyses are based on survey data obtained from the panel study ‘Labour Market and Social Security’ and on panel regression methods. The results reveal a negative relationship between intensive care-giving (ten or more hours per week) and employment for male and female welfare recipients. However, employment prospects recover when care duties end and are subsequently no longer lower for carers than for non-carers.

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37

Blumenberg, Evelyn, Lily Song, and Paul Ong. "Surveying Southeast Asian Welfare Participants: Examples, Challenges, and Future Directions." AAPI Nexus Journal: Policy, Practice, and Community 5, no. 2 (2007): 55–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.36650/nexus5.2_55-76_blumenbergetal.

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Numerous studies have examined the effects of welfare reform on the employment and caseload dynamics of welfare recipients in California. Yet, despite their overrepresentation among welfare recipients, Southeast Asians have received relatively little scholarly attention. This study explores one explanation for this finding-the challenges of collecting data on Southeast Asian welfare recipients and, in particular, the difficulties associated with surveying this population group. These difficulties include attracting adequate funding to recruit sizeable Southeast Asian samples,; translating survey materials into Southeast Asian languages,; and effectively administering surveys among a highly mobile population group with low English language proficiency. To strengthen research on this important but understudied population group, researchers must build political and financial support for such research; develop appropriate research designs informed by an understanding of the characteristics of Southeast Asian families, communities, and welfare recipients; rely on refugee support organizations to help overcome resistance to participating in survey research; and make the data available to interested scholars to maximize the impact of these data collection efforts.

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38

Yoshizumi, Takahiro. "Job seeking activity and welfare to work transition of welfare recipients." Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association 78 (September 10, 2014): 1AM—1–026–1AM—1–026. http://dx.doi.org/10.4992/pacjpa.78.0_1am-1-026.

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39

Bielefeld, Shelley. "Cashless Welfare Transfers for ‘Vulnerable’ Welfare Recipients: Law, Ethics and Vulnerability." Feminist Legal Studies 26, no. 1 (January 31, 2018): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10691-018-9363-6.

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40

Shepherd, Steven, and Troy Campbell. "The Effect of Egocentric Taste Judgments on Stereotyping of Welfare Recipients and Attitudes Toward Welfare Policy." Journal of Public Policy & Marketing 39, no. 1 (May 10, 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0743915618820925.

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Despite the centrality of purchasing behavior and choice to the welfare debate, research has generally understood attitudes toward welfare at a broader level and as a function of rational or deliberative processes (e.g., self-interest, ideology). This project identifies the effect of egocentrism on welfare attitudes, finding that a welfare recipient’s purchase of an item that the participant personally values less (vs. more) leads to increased stereotyping of welfare recipients (e.g., irresponsibility, impulsivity) and favorable attitudes toward policy that would restrict that purchase. This effect is illustrated for both chronic and situational preferences and across a number of products commonly debated in welfare policy. The authors find that egocentrism is robust to debiasing; therefore, tests of boundary conditions involved countering the stereotype of irresponsibility rather than the bias itself. For example, the effects do not emerge in the context of healthy foods and necessities, nor when information suggests that the target consumer is otherwise responsible (e.g., budgeting, clipping coupons). Implications for policy and welfare advocacy are discussed. In general, these findings establish how personal preferences may shape attitudes toward marginalized consumers and related policy.

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41

CHOU, KEE-LEE, IRIS CHI, and NELSON W. S. CHOW. "FUTURE ELDERLY WELFARE RECIPIENTS IN HONG KONG." Hallym International Journal of Aging 5, no. 2 (February 1, 2003): 183–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/84bu-qgrg-t56t-7t9h.

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42

Swann, Christopher A. "Welfare Reform When Recipients Are Forward-Looking." Journal of Human Resources XL, no. 1 (2005): 31–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/jhr.xl.1.31.

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43

Burtless, Gary T. "Welfare Recipients' Job Skills and Employment Prospects." Future of Children 7, no. 1 (1997): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1602576.

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44

Walker, Mary Jean, and James Franklin. "An Argument Against Drug Testing Welfare Recipients." Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 28, no. 3 (2018): 309–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ken.2018.0019.

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45

Montoya, Isaac D. "Employment Behaviors Among Drug Using Welfare Recipients." Journal of Addictions Nursing 16, no. 4 (2005): 187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10884600500328981.

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46

Green, Gary Paul, and Christopher Mayhew. "Hiring Welfare Recipients: Employer Practices and Experiences." Journal of Poverty 7, no. 4 (November 12, 2003): 37–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j134v07n04_03.

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47

Holzer, Harry J., and Michael A. Stoll. "Employer Demand for Welfare Recipients by Race." Journal of Labor Economics 21, no. 1 (January 2003): 210–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/344128.

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48

Ong, Paul M. "Work and automobile ownership among welfare recipients." Social Work Research 20, no. 4 (December 1996): 255–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/swr/20.4.255.

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49

Cheng, T. "Welfare recipients: How do they become independent?" Social Work Research 26, no. 3 (September 1, 2002): 159–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/swr/26.3.159.

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50

Holzer, Harry J., Michael A. Stoll, and Douglas Wissoker. "Job Performance and Retention among Welfare Recipients." Social Service Review 78, no. 3 (September 2004): 343–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/421917.

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