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Книги з теми "Welfare effects of trade interventions"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022

Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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1

Feenstra, Robert C. Estimating the effects of trade policy. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1995.

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2

Bradley, Ian. Welfare effects of trade restrictions on intra industry trade under monopolistic competition. Leicester: University of Leicester. Dept of Economics, 1985.

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3

Hossain, Mahabub. Welfare effects of a discriminatory trading area in South Asia. Canberra, Australia: Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University, 1996.

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4

Brander, James A. Trade adjustment assistance: Welfare and incentive effects of payments to displaced workers. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1989.

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5

Elminiawy, Ahmed Mahmoud. The Egyptian rice market: A model analysis of the effects of government interventions and subsidies. Washington, D.C: International Food Policy Research Institute, 1989.

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6

Nicita, Alessandro. Who benefited from trade liberalization in Mexico?: Measuring the effects on household welfare. Washington, D.C: World Bank, 2004.

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7

Ju, Jiandong. Market access and welfare effects of free trade areas without rules of origin. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1996.

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8

Devereux, Michael B. Exchange rate pass-through and the welfare effects of the euro. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1999.

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9

Goulder, Lawrence H. Trade liberalization in general equilibrium: Intertemporal and inter-industry effects. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1989.

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10

1949-, Le-Si Vinh, ed. The supply and welfare effects of rice-pricing policy in Thailand. Washington, D.C., U.S.A: World Bank, 1985.

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11

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Dept. of Economics and Statistics. The welfare effects of fossil carbon restrictions: Results from a recursively dynamic trade model. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 1992.

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12

Rutherford, Thomas Fox. The welfare effects of fossil carbon restrictions: Results from a recursively dynamic trade model. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 1992.

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13

Horwell, D. J. The effects of taxes and tariffs on the terms of trade and national welfare. [Colchester]: University of Essex, Dept. of Economics, 1988.

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14

Haaland, Jan I. The Uruguay Round and trade in manufactures and services: General equilibrium simulations of production, trade and welfare effects of liberalization. London: Centre for Economic Policy Research, 1994.

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15

Chŏng, Ch'ŏl. Kaebang kyŏngjeha esŏŭi sodŭk punwibyŏl husaeng sujun pyŏnhwa: Income distribution and welfare effects of trade liberalization in Korea. Sŏul T'ŭkpyŏlsi: Taeoe Kyŏngje Chŏngch'aek Yŏn'guwŏn, 2013.

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16

Poverty, inequality, and welfare effects of trade liberalization in Cote d'Ivoire: A computable general equilibrium model analysis. Nairobi: African Economic Research Consortium, 2006.

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17

Warnock, Francis E. Exchange rate dynamics and the welfare effects of monetary policy in a two-country model with home-product bias. Washington, D.C: Federal Reserve Board, 2000.

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18

Gotsch, Nikolaus. Dynamic welfare effects of future biotechnical progress for perennial crops: A theoretical vintage model for different assumptions on supply shift and its application to Malaysian cocoa production. Kiel: Wissenschaftsverlag Vauk, 1999.

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19

Tarr, David G. A general equilibrium analysis of the welfare and employment effects of US quotas in textiles, autos, and steel. Washington, D.C: Federal Trade Commission, Bureau of Economics, 1989.

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20

Tarr, David G. A general equilibrium analysis of the welfare and employment effects of US quotas in textiles, autos, and steel. Washington, D.C: Federal Trade Commission, Bureau of Economics, 1989.

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21

Tarr, David G. A general equilibrium analysis of the welfare and employment effects of US quotas in textiles, autos, and steel. Washington, D.C: Federal Trade Commission, Bureau of Economics, 1989.

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22

Tarr, David G. A general equilibrium analysis of the welfare and employment effects of US quotas in textiles, autos and steel. [s.l.]: Federal Trade Commission, 1989.

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23

P, Kweka Josaphat, ed. Tariff line-level trade, tariff revenue, and reciprocal welfare effects under an economic partnership agreement with the EU: Evidence from Malawi and Tanzania. Nairobi: African Economic Research Consortium, 2008.

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24

Isaac, Shinyekwa, ed. Trade, revenue and welfare effects of the East African Community Customs Union principle of asymmetry on Uganda: An application of WITS-SMART simulation model. Kampala, Uganda: Economic Policy Research Centre, 2011.

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25

Emadi-Moghadam, Mehrdad. The quality, technology and welfare effects of VERs in the U.S. automobile industry, 1975-1991: The case fortrade-cum-industrial policy in correcting the U.S. trade deficit. [s.l.]: typescript, 1995.

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26

Silva, G. A. Canute De. Welfare distribution effects of US rice policies. 1992.

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27

R, Metzger Michael, ed. The regional welfare effects of U.S. import restraints on apparel, petroleum, steel and textiles. Aldershot: Avebury, 1996.

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28

Kelleher, Sinéad, and José-Daniel Reyes. Technical Measures to Trade in Central America: Incidence, Price Effects, and Consumer Welfare. The World Bank, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-6857.

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29

Nicita, Alessandro. Who Benefited from Trade Liberalization in Mexico? Measuring the Effects on Household Welfare. The World Bank, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-3265.

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30

Croser, Johanna, and Kym Anderson. Novel indicators of the trade and welfare effects of agricultural distortions in OECD countries. The World Bank, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-5404.

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31

Lombardi, John W., Eric Y. Lee, Michael Szenberg, and Karl Shell. Welfare Effects of Trade Restrictions: A Case Study of the U. S. Footwear Industry. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2014.

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32

United States. Federal Trade Commission. Bureau of Economics, ed. A general equilibrium analysis of the welfare and employment effects of US quotas in textiles, autos, and steel. Washington, D.C: Federal Trade Commission, Bureau of Economics, 1989.

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33

Moser, Christoph. On the Expected Economic Effects of Trade Liberalization and the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808893.003.0012.

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Анотація:

The economic contribution of this chapter is to explain the main theoretical channels through which trade liberalization leads to welfare gains and to highlight important differences between multilateral trade and bilateral or regional trade liberalization. The dominate mode of trade liberalization over the last two decades has been regional trade agreements (RTAs). After a general discussion on the main economic effects of RTAs, the chapter takes a closer look at the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership. Even though the likelihood of a successful completion of this trade pact is slim in the short-run, it is worth assessing the expected economic effects of TTIP, in particular on the EU. The chapter ends with a word of caution on how we should think about any labor market effects associated with such a trade agreement.

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34

Benes, Jaromir, Andrew Berg, Rafael Portillo, and David Vavra. Modelling Sterilized Interventions and Balance Sheet Effects of Monetary Policy in a New Keynesian Framework. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198785811.003.0013.

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The authors study a wide range of hybrid inflation-targeting (IT) and managed exchange rate regimes, analysing their implications for inflation, output and the exchange rate in the presence of various domestic and external shocks. To this end, the chapter presents an open economy New Keynesian model featuring sterilized interventions in the foreign exchange (FX) market as an additional central bank instrument operating alongside the Taylor rule, and affecting the economy through portfolio balance sheet effects in the financial sector. The chapter shows that there can be advantages to combining IT with some degree of exchange rate management via FX interventions. Unlike ‘pure’ IT or exchange rate management via interest rates, FX interventions can help insulate the economy against certain shocks, especially shocks to international financial conditions. However, managing the exchange rate through FX interventions may also hinder necessary exchange rate adjustments, e.g., in the presence of terms of trade shocks.

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35

Obinger, Herbert, Klaus Petersen, and Peter Starke, eds. Warfare and Welfare. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198779599.001.0001.

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This book is concerned with the nexus between warfare and welfare. The relationship between war and welfare states is contested. While some scholars consider war a pacemaker of the welfare state, others have emphasized a sharp trade-off between ‘guns and butter’ and highlighted the negative impacts of war on social protection. However, many of these findings only focus on social spending or are based on studies of individual national cases. From a comparative and interdisciplinary perspective, this book addresses the question of whether and how both world wars have influenced the development of advanced welfare states. Distinguishing between three different phases (war preparation, wartime mobilization, and the post-war period), the volume provides the first systematic comparative analysis of the impact of war on welfare state development in the Western world. The chapters, written by leading scholars in this field, examine both short-term responses to and long-term effects of war in fourteen belligerent, occupied, and neutral countries in the age of mass warfare stretching over the period from c.1860 to 1960. The findings clearly show that war is essential for understanding several aspects of welfare state development and welfare state patterns in advanced democracies.

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36

Davis, George C., and Elena L. Serrano. Now or Later. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199379118.003.0008.

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Chapter 8 provides the economic framework for analyzing the trade-offs between ‘now’ rewards (e.g., hedonic effects) and “later” rewards (e.g., health effects). Because health effects occur in the future and may be uncertain, health considerations are often heavily discounted when making food and nutrition choices. This heavy discounting of future effects is known in economics as present consumption bias. The chapter discusses the implications the present consumption bias will have for a choice between a healthy unsavory food versus an unhealthy indulgent food. It discusses the implications this present consumption bias may have for nutrition interventions. The chapter closes with some of the main empirical findings on present consumption bias related to food and nutrition choices.

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37

Fields, Gary S. Employment and Development. Edited by Janneke Pieters. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198815501.001.0001.

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The world is plagued by a plethora of economic problems, which is why economics is sometimes called “the dismal science”. Two of these problems are at the core of this volume. One is the huge extent of global poverty: Three billion poor people are nearly half of humanity. The second challenge highlighted in this book is the global employment (not: unemployment) problem. Although there are 200 million people in the world who are unemployed using standard international definitions, a much larger number – 900 million – are working poor. Gary S. Fields tries to answer two “big questions”: Who benefits from economic growth, and who is hurt by economic decline? How do developing countries’ labor markets work? The IZA Prize Laureate summarizes the empirical knowledge that is most relevant to understanding these questions; he shows how to bring together what we know into realistic, yet parsimonious, theoretical models of what is happening; he specifies the policy evaluation criteria to be used in assessing the effects of actual or prospective policy interventions; and he brings together empirical knowledge, theoretical models, and policy evaluation criteria to reach welfare economic judgments about what should or should not be done.

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38

Tham, Henrik, ed. Retreat or Entrenchment? Drug Policies in the Nordic Countries at a Crossroads. Stockholm University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.16993/bbo.

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The drug policies of the Nordic countries have been relatively strict. Since this seems to contradict the internationally recognized liberal criminal policy in general, analyses have been devoted to try to understand this gap. Why doesn’t the “Scandinavian exceptionalism” apply to the drug policies? The new question in relation to drug policy is, however, if and how the Nordic countries will adapt to a situation when several countries all over the world are questioning ‘the war on drugs’ and orienting themselves in the direction of decriminalization and legalization. An analysis of a possible change in drug policies must be undertaken against the background of the existing policies. There are both similarities and differences between the five countries. A common feature is a stress on the demand side through both treatment and punishments directed against the user and abuser. Differences are shown in degrees of toughness in drug policies with Sweden strongest stressing a zero-tolerance stand and Denmark being the most liberal in the Nordic context. The strong welfare state ideology of all the countries is important for understanding the obstacles to a more liberal and permissive drug policy. The welfare state is an interventionist state. To not do anything about what is considered to be a problem both for the individual and the society is just not an option. In most of the countries the traditions from the temperance movements also have influenced the drug policies through the stepping-stone or gateway theory, not making a distinction between soft and hard drugs. At the same time, a number of facts and processes work in the direction of change. The drug policies of the countries have not delivered, including high numbers of drug-related deaths. The debate has opened up in just a short period of time. Many of the political youth parties demand decriminalisation of use of drugs and so have some public authorities. Human rights arguments are increasingly being put forward as a critique of police interventions. A tendency for politicians to meet the critique seems to be to separate the marginal abuser from the recreational user. The first one should be given treatment and care according to welfare state ideology. The second one, however, could be punished since the user in line with neo-liberal theory can choose and by the use contributes to the drug trade and even the killings in poor suburbs. The Nordic countries stand at a crossroads, but what new roads will be taken is far from clear.

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39

Eibl, Ferdinand. Social Dictatorships. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198834274.001.0001.

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Анотація:

Why have social spending levels and social policy trajectories diverged so drastically across labour-abundant MENA regimes? And how can we explain the persistence of social spending after divergence? This books sets out to answer both questions. Itdevelops a theory about the emergence of authoritarian welfare states, arguing that autocratic leaders need both the incentives and the abilities to distribute welfare for authoritarian welfare states to emerge. The former are shaped by coalition-building dynamics at the onset of regime formation while the latter are conditioned by the external environment. At the level of incentives, broad coalitions emerge in the presence of intra-elite conflict and the absence of salient communal cleavages and, if present jointly, provide a strong incentive for welfare provision. Conversely, a cohesive elite or salient communal divisions entail small coalitions with few incentives to distribute welfare broadly. At the level of abilities, a strong external threat to regime survival is expected to undermine the ability to provide social welfare in broad coalitions. Facing a ‘butter or guns’ trade-off, elites shiflpriority to security expenditures; only fiscal surpluses from an abundant resource endowment can provide the necessary resources to avert this trade-off. To explain the persistence of social policy trajectories, the author relies on two important mechanisms in the welfare state literature: ‘constituency politics’ where beneficiaries of social policies avert deviations from the spending path in the form of systemic reforms or large-scale spending cuts; and spill-over effects to unintended beneficiaries who can become important gatekeepers against path divergence.

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40

Matsaganis, Manos. The Impact of the Great Recession on Child Poverty in Greece. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198797968.003.0005.

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This chapter discusses the impact of the crisis (and of policy responses) on children in Greece. The Great Recession has been far more painful and protracted in that country than elsewhere. While some of its effects on children will take years to unfold, others are visible already. The very fact that the economic crisis was allowed to become a social emergency in the first place implies that policy responses failed to rise to the occasion. The reasons for that failure are to be found in the ‘politics of welfare retrenchment’. Defenders of the status quo, from trade unions to professional associations with good connections to the political establishment, have been relatively successful in resisting austerity cuts. As a result, the burden of fiscal consolidation has fallen on less powerful categories, leaving little space for policies aimed at protecting the real victims of the recession: the unemployed and the poor.

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