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1
POLISHCHUK, Olha. "Concepts of costs, their economic content, factors of the effect on costs." Economics. Finances. Law, no. 4/1 (April 30, 2020): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37634/efp.2020.4(1).7.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The topic being researched is relevant, because in the current market conditions, improving the competitiveness and efficient activity of domestic enterprises compels them to find effective methods of managing their business activities. The article examines the concepts of costs, their economic content, determines the factors of influence on the costs of the enterprise in Ukraine. A number of cost classifications proposed by different authors are investigated and their peculiarity is determined. The main ways to optimize the costs of enterprises. Author's classification of costs is suggested. The main directions of cost optimization of Ukrainian enterprises are given. Adequate research will help solve a number of cost-cutting problems for dairy businesses and other sectors of the national economy. The purpose of the paper is the substantiation of measures to improve cost management in the enterprise in order to increase its effective activity. Costs and optimization of their level per unit of production is an important factor in improving the efficiency of the enterprise, while at the same time improving its competitiveness. Managers and managers are increasingly paying attention to the efficiency of resource use, their rational allocation in order to reduce the costs of production and economic activity, which, as a reserve for increasing the profitability of such activities is the key to financial stability and development of the enterprise Thus, considering the different classifications of factors that affect costs, it is important to emphasize that there is a synergistic effect. This is due to the fact that by influencing the competitiveness of products, factors change each other. High competitiveness of the enterprise is a guarantee of high profit in market conditions. In doing so, the company aims to achieve a level of competitiveness that will help it to function effectively over a long period. Management of the factors provided provides for the use of a number of measures for the systematic improvement of products, the constant search for new channels of sales, new customer groups, ways to improve service, advertising and more.
2
Bugay, Nadia. "Economic expertise as a tool of the evidence of the obtained results." Economic discourse, no. 3 (September 2019): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.36742/2410-0919-2019-3-2.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction. Economic expertise is defined as a procedural action that consists in conducting research and providing expert economist on issues, the solution of which requires special knowledge in accounting, finance, analysis, auditing. The obvious relevance of the problem, the incompleteness of theoretical developments in the field of economic expertise and the practical need for scientific substantiation of methods of its conduct, contributing to the identification of negative tendencies and the adoption of appropriate decisions for their elimination, led to the choice of the topic of proposed article. Methods. The following research methods are used in the scientific article: deduction and induction, synthesis and analysis, dialectical, historical and systematic approaches, specific methods. The information base of the scientific article is: legislative and regulatory acts, as well as articles in economic journals, monographs, scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists. Results. The main aspects, tasks, methods of economic expertise, the correct conclusion of the expert-economist on the basis of a certain study of the sources of information provided, as they are a necessary component in the formation of the evidence base of the investigated unlawful act are analyzed in the article. The main problems of theoretical and practical nature are highlighted, as well as the necessary ways of solving them, which are directed to the prospects of development and increase of efficiency of results of both the process of economic examination and the profession of economist, in particular. Discussion. The use of economic expertise as one of the sources of evidence, the detection of economic offenses, is unjustifiably one-sided and limited in nature. Insufficient development of the methodology of expert studies of the reliability of accounting and reporting information significantly narrows the scope of economic expertise, limiting it to meet the needs of judicial investigative bodies. All this leads to the search for alternative ways, identification and implementation of the necessary measures that would contribute to solving problematic issues in the field of forensic accounting. Keywords: economic expertise, expert economist, offense, evidence, methodology, sources of information, accounting.
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Garashchuk, Olena, and Vira Kutsenko. "Formation of the trend of ecologically safe social environment - an important component of sustainable development (on the example of tourism)." Herald of Economics, no. 2 (August 10, 2021): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/visnyk2021.02.026.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction. A characteristic feature of our time is the deterioration of the ecological situation, necessitating the formation of an ecologically safe environment as an important component of sustainable development. In this regard, the tourism sector and ecological tourism in particular, which is one of the leading types of economic activity that provide an ecological direction of economic development, is gaining momentum. Today there are both favorable and unfavorable factors for the development of the tourism sector.Purpose of the research. The study is devoted to the substantiation of the scientific and practical foundations, the application of which will ensure the activities of the tourism sector in the context of the implementation of the environmental requirements of sustainable development.Results. The essence and significance of an ecologically safe social environment, necessary to ensure sustainable development in the country, is revealed. It highlights the place in this process of the tourism sector in general and ecological tourism, in particular, as well as the types of natural resources on the basis of which this area operates. A vision of the main functional areas of activity in the field of ecological tourism and infrastructure components of the tourism industry is presented.The main attention in the aspect of the investigated problematics is paid to the search for ways of preserving and rational use of natural resource potential. At the same time, special emphasis is placed on environmental education – primarily children, adolescents, youth and the substantiation of the main tasks of environmental policy in the context of ensuring sustainable development. Problems associated with the impact of the environmental situation on the state of public health are also taken into account. The proposed theoretical and methodological approaches to the formation of a trend to further strengthen the relationship between ecology, economy and society in the context of the implementation of European environmental standards in national legislation.Perspectives. Further research is required on the issues of determining the directions of specific measures for the development of the tourism sector, carried out taking into account the existing socio-economic prerequisites and aimed at creating an ecologically safe social environment as an important component of sustainable development.
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Zaytsev, O. А. "Protection of the Rights and Legitimate Interests of Entrepreneurs in Cases of Crimes in the Sphere of Economic Activity." Rossijskoe pravosudie 3 (February 26, 2021): 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.37399/issn2072-909x.2021.3.92-98.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article examines the problematic issues of applying measures to protect the rights and legitimate interests of entrepreneurs in cases of crimes in the field of economic activity. The material-legal and criminal-procedural mechanisms used in the course of proceedings in this category of cases are examined. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the legal positions of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, reflected in the decisions of the Plenum of November 15, 2016 № 48 and October 3, 2017 № 33. The purpose of this study is to identify the most acceptable areas of activity of judicial and law enforcement agencies to protect the rights and legitimate interests of entrepreneurs involved in criminal proceedings. The objectives of the study are: a) to determine the specifics of criminal and criminal procedure legislation containing humane mechanisms for the category of cases under consideration; b) to highlight the positions of scientists who conduct research in this field of activity; с) substantiation of recommendations for the further development of criminal policy in the direction of liberalizing the current structure of crimes in conjunction with the improvement of criminal procedural forms of criminal proceedings. The methodological basis of the research was the dialectical method of cognition, General scientific methods of abstraction, analysis and synthesis, as well as special legal methods. Promising ways of development of criminal policy in the field of formation of legislation that allows the most effective protection of the rights and legitimate interests of entrepreneurs are proposed. The conclusion is made about the need for further scientific study of the system of material-legal and criminal-procedural mechanisms used in the proceedings on crimes committed in the sphere of business and other economic activities.
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Alghadhywi, Mohammed Younus Hasan. "Current state and prospects of innovative industry development of Ukraine." INNOVATIVE ECONOMY, no. 3-4 (May 2020): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.37332/2309-1533.2020.3-4.5.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose. The purpose of the study is to analyse the development trends of Ukrainian industry and identify ways to solve existing problems based on the intensification of innovation processes. Methodology of research. During the research methods generally accepted in economic science were applied, in particular: statistical and graphic – for definition of Ukrainian industry development tendencies; comparative analysis – to compare the Ukrainian industry and the world; system generalization – in substantiating the directions of industry innovative development intensification. Findings. The current trends in the development of industrial production in Ukraine, which are characterized by falling production volumes and negative changes in the structure of the industry, are revealed. The reduction of industrial production is revealed, which occurs mainly due to the curtailment of the processing industry enterprises activity. Negative changes in the structure of the industry are revealed, among which the increase in the share of low-tech productions with a significant decrease in medium-tech and moderate –high-tech ones are highlighted. Based on the correlation between industrial production indicators and GDP dynamics, it is proved that industry forms the foundation of the country`s social and economic development. It was found that the Ukrainian economy lags far behind the development of the world`s leading countries in terms of its material, resource, and energy intensity. The article proves that the issue of industrial development based on the intensification of innovation processes in Ukraine needs radical changes in reforming the management mechanisms of innovation processes and relations between science, society, business, and government to intensify investment activities support the technological development of industry, the introduction of environmentally friendly production. Originality. The analysis of the state of Ukraine`s industry and substantiation of the need for its innovative development was further developed, in the context of which measures were proposed to intensify innovation processes, which, in addition to existing ones, provide for the formation of a managing mechanism for innovative industrial development; coordination of industrial sector development policy with the goals of sustainable and inclusive development; introduction of environmentally friendly industrial production; expansion of cross-border economic and environmental cooperation; development of the strategy of development of the industry of Ukraine taking into account the European experience. Practical value. The results of the study are the basis for solving practical problems of improving the situation and the transition to innovative industrial development in Ukraine. Key words: industry of Ukraine, processing industry, structure of industrial production, industry innovative development.
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NOSYRIEV, Oleksandr, and Serhii MEKHOVYCH. "Organizational and economic mechanism of current assets management of industrial enterprises in the conditions of market transformation." Economics. Finances. Law 11/1, no. - (November 26, 2021): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37634/efp.2021.11(1).4.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction. Analysis of current assets of the enterprise is an important process, which consists in researching and monitoring the property status and key indicators of current assets of the enterprise in the process of its financial and economic activities in order to identify ways to increase its market value and ensure effective development. The purpose of the paper is devoted to the analysis of management and financing of current assets of industrial enterprises of Ukraine, systematization of methods of current assets management, actualization of problems and formulation of proposals for effective financial management of current assets and substantiation of directions of current assets management in industrial market conditions. Results. The concept of “current assets” as an element of resource potential used by the enterprise and aimed at ensuring a systematic, continuous and controlled process of economic activity, consumed once to ensure the economic effect in future periods, is improved. The influence of the current assets management system on ensuring the financial stability of enterprises is outlined. The stages of the current assets management process are singled out, the main strategies of current assets financing are investigated and measures to increase the efficiency of current assets management of enterprises in modern market conditions are proposed. When optimizing the size of current assets should be minimal, but sufficient «to ensure uninterrupted financing of planned costs required for the production and sale of products of the enterprise, the implementation of settlements with contractors in a timely manner. It is emphasized that accelerating the turnover of working capital can significantly reduce the cost of production. Conclusion. The company, forming working capital, should seek to minimize the cost of capital spent on creating their value. Optimization of the composition and volume of working capital, a rational relationship between own, borrowed and borrowed sources of their formation will provide a sufficient level of solvency, liquidity and profitability, strengthening the financial condition, growth of market value of industrial sector enterprises in modern market conditions.
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Pakholok, Inna. "Ethnographic tourism as one of the factors of economic development of Lviv." INNOVATIVE ECONOMY, no. 1-2 (2021): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.37332/2309-1533.2021.1-2.14.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose. The aim of the article is the research of ethnographic tourism as one of the factors of economic development of Lviv in modern conditions. Methodology of research. The following methods are used in the study: analysis and comparison – in the study of economic indicators of tourism development in Lviv; logical assessment – in substantiating the recommendations for the development of ethnographic tourism at the regional level; generalization – in the process of formulating conclusions based on the results of the analysis. Findings. It is established that under the influence of the negative effects of coronavirus disease in Ukraine and around the world, it is necessary not only to register and preserve the past, but also to use it widely to attract tourists online. Under the current conditions of a number of restrictive measures, it is difficult for tourism market participants to provide economic benefits for enterprises. Therefore, it is necessary to find ways to solve this problem. It is proved that in the conditions of a pandemic the museums of Lviv occupy a special place among all available historical and cultural objects of ethnographic tourism and perform an important function for preservation of museum exhibits and their popularization in the market of tourist services. The following recommendations are proposed to improve the economic performance of Lviv tourism market participants: building an updated strategy for communication of tourism market participants with media, updating marketing programs for tourism market participants, development of special ethnographic tours, printing brochures of excursion routes in Lviv and Lviv region. Scientific novelty. Recommendations for the development of ethnographic tourism as one of the factors that will provide higher economic performance to participants in the tourism market at the regional level. Practical value. The practical implementation of the proposed measures will partially solve the economic problems of tourism enterprises and ensure a higher level of economic development of Lviv. Key words: ethnographic tourism, tourist market, tourists, historical and cultural objects, museums, visitors, Lviv, economic development, innovative approaches.
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Marmul, Larisa, Liudmyla Levaieva, and Vitaliy Pospolit. "Formation of agricultural enterprises’ competitiveness on the basis of financial and economic sustainability and security." University Economic Bulletin, no. 48 (March 30, 2021): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2306-546x-2021-48-33-39.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The subject of the research is theoretical-methodical and practical aspects of formation and ensuring the agricultural enterprises’ competitiveness taking into account the levels, dynamics, and other features of their financial and economic sustainability and economic security. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the theoretical and methodological principles and practical ways of increasing agricultural enterprises’ competitiveness based on their financial and economic sustainability and security. The methodological bases of the article are general methodological approaches, namely: dialectical, historical, monographic, system-structural analysis, and synthesis to the study of economic phenomena and processes. Legislative and normative-legal regulations for development and formation of agricultural enterprises’ competitiveness, their financial and economic sustainability and security; scientific works of leading domestic and foreign scientists on the theory and practice of competitiveness as one of the main categories of market mechanism and management in agriculture; analytical and statistical materials of the State Statistics Service are used in the work. In the work the methods of economic researches are used: abstract and logical – for substantiation of theoretical and methodical bases of agricultural enterprises’ competitiveness formation in the conditions of their financial and economic sustainability and security; in the formation of theoretical generalizations, factors and principles of competitiveness management, critical analysis of other authors’ research; statistical and economic – in determining the competitiveness of agricultural enterprises; marketing –when researching the food market and assessing market conditions for the future; comparative – when comparing indicators of enterprises’ competitiveness of the given region and agro sphere industry with the other ones; graphic – to determine structural changes in the food market; system-structural – to analyze the resource potential of agricultural enterprises’ competitiveness; analytical forecasting – to determine the system of measures of organizational and economic mechanism for its provision; economic and mathematical modelling – to substantiate the increasing of agricultural enterprises’ competitiveness, taking into account the levels of their financial and economic sustainability and security. The results of the article. It is determined that the leading importance in ensuring the agricultural enterprises’ competitiveness belongs to the competitive advantages, as well as their financial and economic sustainability and economic security. The factors and components of providing the latter are determined. A set of measures to increase financial and economic sustainability, ensure economic security as a basis for stable competitiveness, and assurance of its growth in the future is proposed. Field of application of results. The results can be used in the management of agricultural enterprises, in the educational process of higher education institutions, in training the specialists in economics and management. Conclusions. It is determined that the most significant feature of the theory and practice of rural green tourism enterprises in European countries is the expansion of their functions from purely business to more socially necessary and significant – as tools for preservation and reproduction of rural areas, including depressed ones. This provides for their greater support at the level of local communities and government, which is appropriate for all uses. It also makes sense to use the well-tested mechanisms and forms of tourism in the countryside.
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GALOYAN, NATALIE, ZHANNA KEVORKOVA, ANNA NORKINA, and PAVEL LEONOV. "ESTIMATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS AS A MECHANISM FOR ENSURING ECONOMIC SECURITY (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE NUCLEAR INDUSTRY)." Economic problems and legal practice 17, no. 01 (February 28, 2021): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.33693/2541-8025-2021-17-1-69-74.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this article the economic security of an enterprise is regarded as a tool of the economic security at the macro level. At the present stage, in the era of globalization of all the life processes, there have been value changes in the society, which are caused by an increase in the volume and pace of information exchange. The industrialization and scientific and technological progress are priority directions which significantly contribute to the effective innovative development of economic sectors of the state. However, scientific and technological progress, in addition to a positive impact on human development, has led to certain negative consequences associated with environmental pollution, the restoration of which requires additional environmental costs. One of the ways to ensure the economic security of enterprises is to prepare financial statements which provide substantiation of items of income and expenses. This specification provides an opportunity to track cash flows and prevent potential fraud in terms of theft or misuse of funds. This problem is especially relevant for budgetary or state organizations, whose activities are directly related to the interaction with the environment, since the part of the work of such organizations is carried out within the framework of federal target programs or national projects funded by the federal budget. However, the financial statements have certain imperfections in terms of reflecting the environmental costs incurred by the organization. Namely, entities do not always reflect such costs in their financial statements or in the notes thereto. Such inaccuracies lead to distortion of data in financial statements and create a potential threat to economic security at the micro level, and if the problem is common among most of the organizations, it can cause a potential threat to the national security. Model. The article explores the best ways to reflect environmental costs. Findings. Based on the analysis of modern methods of reflecting environmental costs in financial statements, a classification of the environmental costs has been compiled, the application of which will ensure the economic security of nuclear enterprises. Practical value. The conclusions made in the article, are leading to an understanding of the existing problems in accounting on environmental costs as well as their impact on economic security at the micro level. The assessment of the scale of the problem has demonstrated that the economic security of enterprises has an impact on the economic security of the state. The point is that, the economic security strategy of the Russian Federation contains several indicators (indicators) which are used for assessing particular spheres of the economy, however, the environmental indicator which is vital for the humanity, is not among them. In this regard, the article discusses modern ways of reflecting environmental costs and their features. The leading role in the system of economic security of an enterprise is ascribed to the accounting. However, as evidence shows, the accounting is not fully capable of controlling and regulating individual financial flows, and therefore it has become necessary to refine and improve it, taking into account the peculiarities of the Russian accounting system and international standards. Originality. As a result of the analysis and assessment of the state of the problem, certain measures are proposed to improve the methods for classifying the environmental costs of an enterprise which can ensure its economic safety.
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Zvarych, R. Y., and M. Т. Kukharska. "Increasing the Competitiveness of the Agro-Industrial Complex of Ternopil Region in the Context of European Integration." Business Inform 4, no. 519 (2021): 142–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2021-4-142-147.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article is aimed at studying the current state of the agro-industrial complex of the Ternopil region and elaborating proposals for improving local agro-industrial production aimed at increasing the competitiveness of enterprises’ products in the European Union markets. As a result of the study, the current state of the agro-industrial complex of the region is considered, the dynamics of production volumes of agricultural products of the main types in the region are examined. The authors also propose some ways to increase the export potential of the region in the direction of European integration. It is substantiated that for the development of this industry it is necessary to introduce a number of measures that will help solve urgent and important problems of agricultural production development in both the domestic and the European markets. To strengthen the position of the agro-industrial complex of the region, it is necessary to develop cooperation of agricultural producers more widely. First of all, special attention needs to be paid to expanded livestock industry, especially dairy. Perspective directions of work for farmers of Ternopil region in cooperation with markets of European countries are determined as follows: production of organic products, as well as cultivation and processing of fruit and berry products. Prospects for further research in this direction are substantiation and development of measures to increase the competitive advantages of specific agro-industrial enterprises of the Ternopil region of various specializations in the implementation of foreign economic activity in the EU markets. The implementation of these measures will enable the agro-industrial sector to become more profitable and provide an important contribution to the development of not only the region, but also the whole country as a whole.
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Tkachenko, Volodymyr, Iryna Tkachenko, Polina Puzyrova, and Andriy Klochko. "Organizational and economic mechanism of a business security as a guarantee of its sustainable development." Virtual Economics 2, no. 4 (October 27, 2019): 71–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.34021/ve.2019.02.04(4).
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the process of the writing of this article, it was established that the organizational and economic mechanism of a business security ensuring involves the use of various techniques, methods, and tools. Their combination is necessary to ensure a reliable security system and stable sustainable development of a business activity as a whole. It has been established that enterprises of different sizes, types, volumes of activity possess unequal organizational and financial capabilities. In addition, various is the level of risk under which business entities are engaged. However, the conclusion is definite that the implementation of the organizational and economic mechanism for the enterprise security ensuring is vital in financial and economic aspects and can be organized in different business areas in different ways. It is proved that the security mechanism action from the point of view of financial and economic aspect implies enterprise adaptation to innovations under the following conditions: the innovations are to be maximally ready for implementation; the motivation to implement them is the need to protect the enterprise interests; the probability of obtaining a positive result in the implementation of innovations should be high. It has been established that significant factors in the process of increasing the level of a business security are the financial and economic measures, which aim to cover losses and to eliminate the causes of their occurrence, to recover (preserve) the liquidity and solvency, to reduce the amount of debt, to improve the working capital structure, etc. It is proved that further research in the field of planning and implementation of tactical measures for ensuring the financial and economic security of business is needed. It is aimed at the assessment and analysis of the level of a business security and its dynamics, which will allow to determine the effectiveness of the implemented measures; an assessment of the efficiency of utilization of the enterprise financial potential, which is the main basis for the implementation of measures to ensure the organizational and economic mechanism of a business security. Since the implementation of organizational and economic tools into the security field often requires the allocation of significant financial resources and opportunities (financial potential), the substantiation of scientific recommendations for assessing cost-effectiveness become significant. It was found that the organizational and economic mechanism of a business security ensuring would effectively use corporate resources, create preconditions for achieving business targets, timely identify and optimize all possible hazards, threats, and risks of the enterprise activity in the conditions of acute competition and changing environment. It is recommended to propose the following measures to enhance business security: development and implementation of security system (structure) in business processes of the enterprise activity; improvement and optimization of the existing enterprise security service; business security outsourcing services; services of the enterprise personnel security; provision of services to provide economic and internal security of the enterprise; providing necessary data and information for the business functioning security insurances; checking (auditing) of existing security services of enterprises for their effective work and reliability; services for the enterprise security employees training (advanced training); personnel selection of professionally trained staff for the enterprise security service.
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Петро Перерва, Яна Максименко, Катерина Сокол, and Світлана Климова. "INNOVATIVE MODELS OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT IN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS." Bulletin of the National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute" (economic sciences), no. 1 (December 28, 2021): 141–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2519-4461.2020.1.141.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Assessing and forecasting employment in international business are important tools for state regulation of the international labor market, and rethinking their role is a necessary condition for overcoming the effects of the global economic crisis. Employment forecasting should be a priority in finding new ways to form an effective international labor market.The purpose of the article is to develop a methodology for studying the factors that determine the capacity, structure and segments of the international labor market.The article considers the issues of identifying and substantiating the factors that determine the capacity, structure and main segments of the labor market in international business. The proposed models of personnel management in international business include a number of successive stages, the algorithm of which allows to obtain sufficiently reasonable results.Analysis of the dynamics of factors over a number of years or several models over a period of time [1-3] allows to establish the basic patterns inherent in the analyzed international market to justify trends in its development and develop a forecast for the future. It is important to identify those factors whose influence will be dominant for this labor market. The effectiveness of international labor market management depends crucially on measures to influence the latter. Based on the results of the analysis, it is advisable to establish the goals of employment promotion policy for the near future, to rank priorities in the implementation of measures to promote employment and social protection in the international labor market.
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Kovalenko, Mykola, Oksana Lomonosova, and Alla Rusnak. "STRATEGIES AND TECHNOLOGIES OF ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN A RAPIDLY CHANGING EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 7, no. 2 (March 26, 2021): 118–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2021-7-2-118-128.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of the research is to analyse management models and development strategies of higher education institutions (HEIs), to describe ways, methods and technologies of their adaptation to the rapidly changing conditions of the external environment of operation. The method of complex research allows to analyse existing strategies of development of Ukrainian universities and to elaborate recommendations on organizational and economic support of adaptation of the HEIs to changes in external environment. The methodological basis of the research is based on a systematic approach to the substantiation of the essence and types of development strategies of higher education institutions, the processes of their adaptation to changes in the external environment of their functioning. The concept of adaptive management of HEIs is proposed to be considered a synergistic combination of regularities, organizational principles in the process of applying effective methods, algorithms, management model for the implementation of the most important directions of solving multifaceted problems of adaptation of HEIs to changes in the environment in order to ensure its effective functioning, competitiveness in the market of educational services. Scientific results. The results of the research show that the continuous process of adaptation of HEIs to changes in the external environment requires the formation (clarification, improvement) of organizational and economic mechanism of adaptation, implementation in the overall management system of the institution, ideology of adaptive management, bringing the regulatory framework in line with the objectives of modernization of the educational process. Adaptive management should comprehensively cover all subsystems of the HEI’s management: operational, educational, scientific, technical, financial and investment, innovation, marketing, personnel, which do not function in isolation. Practical significance. The system of adaptation process support in the HEIs should provide for development of action programme for institution adaptation to external environment challenges, which includes adequate organizational and economic adaptation measures, providing the whole complex of actions – from mobilization of all available competitive factors, financial, labour and other resources to staff retraining, etc., taking into account principles of adaptive process. Value/originality. The scientific and methodological bases of the organization of support of the adaptation process in a higher education institution formulated in the article take into account the specifics of educational activity, the need to forecast it for the medium and long term, provide for planning adaptation transformations of HEIs on a long-term basis. The results of implementing the adaptive management strategy can be determined by the criterion of improving the quality of education, the individual educational outcome of the graduate as the ratio between the actual level of competencies acquired by him or her and the normative competencies, established by the regulatory educational documents for this educational specialty, specialization.
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Meirbekova, G. "IMPLEMENTATION OF LABOR PROTECTION-THE BASIS OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF THE ORGANIZATION." BULLETIN Series of Sociological and Political sciences 73, no. 1 (December 30, 2020): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2021-1.1728-8940.06.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article focuses on the substantiation of the proposed measures to improve the health management system of employees for safety and labor protection from an economic and social point of view, considering the theoretical aspects of the safety and labor protection management system. The author analyzes the conditions and features of the application of legislation that protects the social rights of employees in the system of occupational safety and health in Kazakhstan.
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Ivanova, O. A. "Economic measures to stimulate production of biodegradable disposable tablewar." Entrepreneur’s Guide 13, no. 1 (February 21, 2020): 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.24182/2073-9885-2020-13-1-157-163.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article discusses the problem of plastic environmental pollution and promising ways to solve it. One of such ways is to reduce the volume of the production of disposable plastic tableware with the subsequent transition to the use of biodegradable samples. Based on the analysis of the technological chain of disposable tableware production in Russia, a set of measures has been proposed to support its participants in the transition to the production of its substitutes (paper and biodegradable tableware).
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MAZARAKI, Anatolii, Tetiana TKACHENKO, and Oleksandr HLADKYI. "WORLD TOURISM DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC." Herald of Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics 133, no. 5 (October 20, 2020): 27–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31617/visnik.knute.2020(133)03.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background. Tourism is one of the most affected sectors in global economy by the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. The introduction of hard sanitary constraints on visiting destinations has led to a sharp demand reduction for typical and related tourist services. In addition, these sanitary constraints identified negative trends in the development of domestic and international tourism in general. Significant restrictions on the functioning of the infrastructure of the tourist services market such as entertainment and recreation, public transport (including international traffic), hospitality and restaurants have affected the dynamics of performance of tourism entities and led to significant losses. Research on ways to restore the functioning of the tourism sector in the COVID-19 pandemic and after the removal of strict quarantine restrictions, as well as finding ways out of the systemic crisis, substantiation of mechanisms for regulating tourism in the new realities of the world community are especially relevant. Analysis of recent researches and publications. The works of many domestic and foreign scientists are devoted to investigations of modern tourism development problems. Thus, it is worth to note the fundamental works of M. Boiko [1], M. Bosovska [2], N. Vedmid’ [3], O. Liubitseva [4], S. Melnychenko [5], G. Mykhailychenko [6] and others. However, the peculiarities of tourism development in the conditions of complex epidemiological situation in the world and in the context of the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in scientific papers have not yet been described in detail. The analytical conclusions of the official representations of the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), the World Tourism& Travel Council (WTTC), the World Health Organization (WHO), the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), as well as a number of journalistic materials of the world news agencies CNN Travel, The Guardian, The New York Times, National Geographic magazine, and professional domestic periodicals deserve attention. The aim of the article is to analyze the consequences of the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on tourism development as well as to determine the main mechanisms for restoring of tourism sector functioning using different forecast scenarios. The specific objectives of the article are to analyze the dynamics of tourist flows before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, to systematize the consequences of the pandemic for tourism business, to determine the prospects for tourism development in the post-quarantine period as well as to highlight the different regulatory mechanisms to ensure the functioning of tourism enterprises in pandemic frames. Materials and methods. This investigation is based on analytical, statistical and forecast materials of UNWTO, WHO, OECD, WTTC. Literary, analytical, statistical, forecastting, comparative and geographical, modeling, and graphic methods have been used in the research. Results. The dynamics of tourism development indicators before and during the COVID-19 pandemic has been analyzed. The positive and negative effects of quarantine in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic on tourism are presented. The forecasts for the development of tourism after the end of the COVID-19 pandemic have been made. Regulatory mechanisms for ensuring the functioning of tourism enterprises in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic have been proposed. Conclusion. The difficult epidemiological situation in the world during the pandemic of acute respiratory disease COVID-19, caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, has formed a tendency to reduce sharply the number of international tourist arrivals and revenues from international tourism, and identified the need to introduce unprecedented restrictions on the operation of travel and leisure, tourism and recreation, entertainment and recreation, public transport, hospitality and restaurants. As a result, the development of the world tourism industry has slowed down significantly. Structural crises have begun to worsen due to the sharp decline in economic development and limited sources of income and employment indicators. Structural spatial changes of the tourist flow mainly in favor of domestic tourism are characterized by discreteness. In order to counteract the COVID-19 pandemic, international and domestic professional organizations have developed a number of recommendations for the organization of anti-epidemic measures in carrying out permitted activities, which include rules for receiving visitors and organizing the work of staff in offices, tourism, trade, catering establishments, etc. Adherence to medical and sanitary-epidemiological recommendations, self-discipline and self-organization, administration and education will accelerate recovery from systemic crisis the tourism industry, restore the functioning of tourism enterprises in the COVID-19 pandemic, prevent the spread of epidemiological diseases and infectious diseases among tourists and population, resumption of tourism on a qualitatively new service and information basis.
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Bechko, P. K., S. A. Vlasiuk, O. A. Nepochatenko, and Y. І. Nahorna. "Ways to Improve Tax Incentives for the Agrarian Sector of the Economy." Business Inform 1, no. 528 (2022): 331–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2022-1-331-339.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Assessment of the current state of development of mechanisms of tax incentives of economic entities in the agrarian sector of the economy remains in the field of view of both scientists and practitioners. However, the solution to this problem on a State-wide scale has not yet been fully investigated and needs further study, adapting foreign experience to the national tax system. The article is aimed at substantiating the theoretical aspects of tax incentives for business entities in the agrarian industry, explaining the impact of effective methods of the State financial support on the results of their activities. To solve the tasks set in the process of research, a complex of general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge was used. It is determined that tax incentives of agrarian business entities at the present stage are an important component of economic policy and are used to level crisis phenomena in the market and encourage investments that create positive market externalities. It is found that tax benefits, which are closely related to the principle of fairness in taxation, play a significant role in the tax incentives of agrarian business entities. The authors propose that the following be implemented at the State level: pay special attention to the insrtumentarium of tax incentives, as well as analyze the assessment of its effectiveness; focus on the rational use of agrarian land by farmers by strengthening control, taking appropriate measures to prevent misuse and the application of administrative mechanisms in detecting violations; establish differentiated increases in land tax ratios for entrepreneurs of the fourth group in cases of the inappropriate use of agrarian land.
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Vladimirovich, Gavriusev, and Maxim Vasilyevich-Chernyaev. "The experience of applying mathematical methods for analysis of the microgeneration sector in Russia." International Review, no. 1-2 (2021): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/intrev2102156v.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The paper relates to substantiation of reasonability of applying the mathematical methods to economic researches. The developed by the author algorithm for determining the relevant for Russia foreign experience of the microgeneration sector development on the basis of the Gaussian mixture model is provided as an example. This algorithm used to be successfully applied within the framework of a larger scale research related to the problems of development and increasing of the economic efficiency of the microgeneration sector in Russia. The paper provides for the mathematical description and economic feasibility study of the measures taken. High efficiency of using the quantitative methods for obtaining the results, which are significant from the point of view of the economic feasibility study, is underlined. There are also described the problematic issues of the suggested algorithm and possible ways of solving thereof. Finally, the conclusion is made about a high heuristic value of the above-described algorithm and the reasonability of applying the mathematical methods to economic researches.
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Spodyniuk, N., I. Sukholova, and O. Dovbush. "Thermally conductive cost of the heat-insulating materials." Energy and automation, no. 5(51) (October 28, 2020): 98–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/energiya2020.05.098.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article presents the results of theoretical research to achieve the maximum effect in determination of the economically feasible level of buildings thermal protection. It must be optimal both thermally and economically, an indicator of which there are the costs. Graphical and analytical dependences are given. The research results substantiate the maximum effect when different thermal insulating materials are used. The aim is to increase the efficiency of energy saving measures, reduce their cost by optimizing the cost of thermal energy and insulating materials, determining the optimization criteria and justification for choice the optimal insulating material and its thickness, and determining the optimal thermal resistance, identifying ways to improve energy efficiency and substantiation of the calculation method. One of the most common thermal renovation measures, namely insulation of external walls, is considered. An economic assessment has been conducted, which is an important factor in a certain energy-saving proposition. The solution of the problem is presented, which includes two stages. The result of the first stage is the selection of the optimal heat-insulating material. The second stage is a substantiation of economically expedient thickness of the heat-insulating material. The obtained results make it possible to increase the efficiency of energy saving in thermal renovation of buildings taking into account both energy and economic aspects. In this paper the results of mathematical provement of such factor importance as the thermally conductive cost of the heat-insulating material at their thickness optimization are presented.
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Martseniuk, Larysa, and Cameron Batmanghlich. "Economic safety of Ukrainian railways: ways to exit the crisis." Naukovyy Visnyk Dnipropetrovs'kogo Derzhavnogo Universytetu Vnutrishnikh Sprav 3, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 303–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31733/2078-3566-2021-3-304-311.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The author has emphasized that the quarantine and social distancing measures needed to reduce the spread of the pandemic have a particularly serious impact on small and medium-sized enterprises due to a sharp decline in demand for services, with the exception of food retail. Transport is no exception and also suffers significant losses due to reduced traffic. The economic activity and the level of GDP of Ukraine during the last years are analyzed. The policy measures implemented during the quarantine period, which were designed to provide targeted financial support to small and medium enterprises, are outlined. The current crisis requires comprehensive support measures, including not only support through the opening of credit lines and the provision of credit guarantees, but also support measures through fiscal and social policy measures. In addition, intensive support will be needed in the medium and long term, especially to help businesses recover quickly from the crisis by supporting digitalisation, more flexible regulation and improved access to finance. The strengths and weaknesses of railway transport are highlighted, its capabilities and advantages are analyzed, especially in comparison with other types of transport, as well as the threats of internal and external influences. The contribution of JSC Ukrzaliznytsia in overcoming the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 is analyzed. It is emphasized that the railway is a powerful taxpayer Measures to overcome the crisis in railway transport are proposed, including, in particular, the separation of freight and passenger traffic, refusal to transport privileged categories of citizens under the current scheme of financing these transport by local authorities, the introduction of public-private partnership on concession.
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Shust, Olena, Ihor Paska, and Yuliia Hrynchuk. "Improving measures of state stimulation of investment activity in increasing soil fertility." INNOVATIVE ECONOMY, no. 1-2 (2021): 126–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.37332/2309-1533.2021.1-2.18.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose. The aim of the article is the development of scientifically substantiated proposals on state stimulation of the process of investment of farms of the corporate sector of the agrarian economy in increasing the fertility of agricultural lands in the conditions of transformation processes of land relations. Methodology of research. In conducting the study, its methodological and theoretical basis is the dialectical method of cognition and a systematic approach to the study of the fundamental provisions of economics for investment activities in the agricultural sector of Ukraine. A set of special methods of economic research was used in the research process. The conclusions of the research are formulated with the help of abstract and logical method. The method of theoretical generalization was used in the critical analysis of the results of research by domestic scientists on the substantiation of economic incentives to increase the fertility of agricultural land. Results. The economic levers of the state regulation of nature use in the production of agricultural products are substantiated, which provides for the use of a comprehensive combination of payments for the rational use of agricultural land and penalties for reducing soil fertility. Originality. A scientific approach to the reproduction of land resources in agricultural enterprises is proposed, which is based on a set of organizational and economic tools for socially responsible activities, in particular: development of programs for targeted use of agricultural land and providing them with appropriate funding, calculation of land tax and other changes in soil quality, which will increase the fertility of agricultural land. Practical value. The implementation of the proposed economic stimulus measures will help increase the rational land use of agricultural producers and improve soil quality. The use of the proposed measures is possible only with a well-established system of agrochemical assessment of agricultural land. Key words: fertility, capital investments, agricultural lands, state, agricultural commodity producers.
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Baranov, A. A., V. Yu Albitsky, and I. K. Zakirov. "The contribution of Kazan scientists to the success of the fight against child mortality." Kazan medical journal 102, no. 2 (April 6, 2021): 258–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kmj2021-258.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The work aims to analyze and present the contribution of scientists from Kazan medical universities and their pupils to the success of combat child mortality in Russia in the twentieth century using the historical and medical method. The most important results of the works of Kazan scientists can be considered the following: (1) the finding of underestimation of infant mortality; (2) development of methods for its statistical analysis; (3) identification of medical-statistical and social hygienic patterns of child mortality; (4) scientific substantiation of the methodology and strategy for reducing infant mortality in the USSR; (5) a comprehensive study of the problems of child mortality and substantiation of ways to reduce it in the Russian Federation in the late 20th early 21st centuries. Measures are proposed to further reduce child mortality, including a regional approach, reduction of the population's genetic load, priority implementation of antenatal and neonatal prophylaxis, prompt and full provision of treatment by the state for children with rare diseases, further development of specialized and rehabilitation assistance provided to children, intensive development of medical and social assistance.
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Ivanov, A. V., A. V. Strizhenok, and R. Y. Vorobey. "Reduction of gas and aerosol pollution of atmospheric air at a condensate stabilization units." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 839, no. 4 (September 1, 2021): 042036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/839/4/042036.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract There is a wide variety of uses for non-compliant hydrocarbon products in addition to utilization by flaring, but the implementation of each of them is accompanied by a number of regulatory and technological restrictions. The paper analyzes the influence of the flare system on the state of the atmospheric air in the area of one of the gas condensate production facilities in Western Siberia. A detailed analysis of the composition of the combusted gas mixture is carried out, a review of existing methods of using non-compliant hydrocarbon gas raw materials is made. The technical substantiation of the possibility of introducing a gas turbine units for power generation with the stage of intermediate gas accumulation in a soft gas tank of variable volume and also with a waste gas cleaning system to reduce the impact on the atmospheric air has been carried out. A detailed ecological and economic substantiation of the proposed measures is given.
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Voznyak, Orest, Yuriy Yurkevych, Iryna Sukholova, Oleksandr Dovbush, and Mariana Kasynets. "Thermally conductive cost of the heat-insulating materials." Theory and Building Practice 2020, no. 2 (November 20, 2020): 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jtbp2020.02.092.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article presents the results of theoretical research to achieve the maximum effect in determination of the economically feasible level of buildings thermal protection. It must be optimal both thermally and economically, an indicator of which there are the costs. Graphical and analytical dependences are given. The research results substantiate the maximum effect when different thermal insulating materials are used. The aim is to increase the efficiency of energy saving measures, reduce their cost by optimizing the cost of thermal energy and insulating materials, determining the optimization criteria and justification for choice the optimal insulating material and its thickness, and determining the optimal thermal resistance, identifying ways to improve energy efficiency and substantiation of the calculation method. One of the most common thermal renovation measures, namely insulation of external walls, is considered. An economic assessment has been conducted, which is an important factor in a certain energy-saving proposition. The solution of the problem is presented, which includes two stages. The result of the first stage is the selection of the optimal heat-insulating material. The second stage is a substantiation of economically expedient thickness of the heatinsulating material. The obtained results make it possible to increase the efficiency of energy saving in thermal renovation of buildings taking into account both energy and economic aspects. In this paper the results of mathematical provement of such factor importance as the thermally conductive cost of the heat-insulating material at their thickness optimization are presented. Determining for the establishment of the normative thermal resistance in the future is the ratio of the cost of thermal energy to the thermal conductivity of the insulating material.
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Lupenko, Yurii, and Svitlana Andros. "The system of credit guarantees as a tool to increase financing for small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises." Ekonomika APK 317, no. 3 (March 29, 2021): 6–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.32317/2221-1055.202103006.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of the article is, based on the analysis of the best international experience, to formulate theoretical aspects and offer recommendations aimed at developing an effective system of credit guarantees to increase financial support for small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises. Research methods. In the process of research, depending on the goals and objectives, the following methods of cognition and analysis of economic processes were used: theoretical generalization - when substantiating theoretical provisions on the functioning of the system of credit guarantees; statistical comparisons - in identifying and assessing the effectiveness of state regulation of the system of financing small and medium-sized businesses; analysis of hierarchies - when determining promising ways of financial support for small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises; systemic method - in assessing the effectiveness of government regulation of the system of credit guarantees as one of the key tools widely used with the support of enterprises in the agricultural sector of the economy; expert assessments - when systematizing the main guarantee schemes and types of guarantee products and restrictions on their practical application; analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, comparison - in the study of international experience in the implementation of guaranteed lending programs and consideration of the existing schemes for organizing this activity. Research results. The main provisions of the development of the system of financial support for small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises are formulated and methodological approaches to its improvement in the context of reforming the national economy are developed. The expediency of the development of programs for providing loans was determined, taking into account their role in reducing the restrictions on lending by banks to small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises. Conceptual foundations for the implementation of guarantee programs carried out with state participation have been developed. It has been established that targeted long-term and medium-term loans and guarantees allow covering the risks associated with agricultural activities by providing financial resources for the development of production. The necessity of developing a system of credit guarantees as the most effective instrument of financial support for enterprises in the agricultural sector of the economy has been proved. It was found that a good result can be achieved through the provision of guarantees that provide a partial amount of credit, when the farmer also bears some responsibility for the return of the funds received. Scientific novelty. Conceptual foundations for the development of a loan guarantee system have been developed The introduction of government measures aimed at increasing the volume of lending to small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises is proposed. The system of credit guarantees was further developed as the most effective instrument capable of alleviating difficulties in obtaining a bank loan for small and medium-sized agribusiness. On the basis of the best international experience, the national system of guaranteeing loans was improved with the formation and functioning of specific financial institutions (funds) specializing in ensuring the provision of commercial loans to enterprises of the agro-industrial complex. Practical significance of the article lies in bringing the theoretical and methodological provisions to the level of practical recommendations in the development of national measures for financial support and stimulation of the development of small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises in Ukraine. The formulated provisions, conclusions and recommendations are of interest to managers and employees of enterprises in the agricultural sector of the economy. The research materials can be used in the activities of guarantee organizations, financial and credit institutions, government bodies. Tabl.: 2. Figs.: 2. Refs.: 19.
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Voroshilov, N. V. "ON QUESTION OF MUNICIPAL ENTITIES CLASSIFICATION." Territory Development, no. 3(17) (2019): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32324/2412-8945-2019-3-28-34.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The approval in February 2019 of the Strategy for spatial development of the Russian Federation for the period until 2025, in which one of the principles of spatial development of the country is designated as a differentiated approach to directions and measures of state support for socio-economic development of territories, requires scientific substantiation of the appropriate methodological tools for typology of municipalities. In this regard, this article analyzes a number of methods for a comprehensive, integrated assessment of the level of development of municipalities. Four options of our own methods are proposed for assessing the level of socio-economic development of municipal districts, urban districts and their classification: a method for calculating an integral indicator of socio-economic development level, a method of summing up places, a method for scoring each indicator, and a method for scoring each block of indicators. Testing the proposed tools on the materials of the Vologda region determined the most optimal methodology for the purposes of implementing regional and local socioeconomic policies.
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Osypenko, S. M., T. V. Romanchyk, O. M. Tesnikov, and I. O. Kuruch. "The Methodological Recommendations for Improving the Management of Enterprise Competitiveness in the Service Sector." Business Inform 9, no. 524 (2021): 243–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2021-9-243-249.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The relevance of the problem of managing the competitiveness of service sector enterprises in modern conditions of economic management is determined. In a contentual form, the task of managing the competitiveness of enterprises is formulated and a scheme of its implementation is proposed, which includes the following stages: formation of factors that determine competitiveness; substantiation of the competitiveness indicator and its model; computing the competitiveness indicator and its subsequent factor analysis; determination of reserves for growth of the competitiveness index; formation of the task of increasing competitiveness; formation of a list of measures for implementing the task; selection of measures for the implementation; implementation of measures, control and regulation. The procedure for computing the integral indicator of competitiveness, which includes groups of indicators that determine the state of the enterprise and the competitiveness of its products, as well as indicators within each group, is considered. The methodology of economic analysis of the level of competitiveness of the enterprise is proposed, which allows to conduct an overall assessment of its competitive position compared to competitors; determine the influence of factors on the difference in their position from the position of competitors; calculate the reserves of growth of the competitiveness indicator and develop measures for their implementation. In accordance with the competitive strategy of the enterprise and the task of increasing the competitiveness indicator on the basis of the use of the provisions of the theory of economic efficiency, a list of measures is substantiated, the practical implementation of which will allow to perform the task with a minimum amount of resources. Operational control over the implementation of measures and their impact on the competitiveness indicator is envisaged in order to make corrective managerial decisions in a timely manner.
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RUSNAK, Alla V., Kateryna A. BUZHYMSKA, Hanna Yu TKACHUK, Svitlana I. PAVLOVA, and Nataliia L. OVANDER. "Economic Ways to Improve the Mechanization of Production." Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics 9, no. 4 (June 30, 2018): 1461. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505//jarle.v9.4(34).33.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The relevance of the work is determined by the fact that the issues of improving production capacity and mechanization of an enterprise are determined in a modern globalized economy as the ability of enterprises to maintain competitiveness through economic improvement of production processes. In the article, the authors equate the term mechanization with the increase or retention of the modern level of technical equipment of the enterprise. The authors of the article believe that the main task in the enterprise development is to actualize the cost model for the technological equipment of the manufacture and to reduce the costs on manufacturing products. This approach allows us to improve the product quality with a gradual transition to new technological processes. The novelty of the research is the fact that the research is carried out on the example of a technological enterprise of a long production cycle, that allows long-term provide the functioning and development of production, as well as solving the tasks that arise when expanding the assortment and optimization the whole enterprise structure in a whole. The authors of the article conducted a factor analysis and calculation of the effectiveness of the proposed measures. Indicated that should be understood under a structural understanding of increasing the economic structure and the overall efficiency of the enterprise functioning. A promising area of research is the formation of predictive models that will allow predicting the effectiveness of expenses of the company's market position.
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Kontrovskaya, I. A., and A. A. Zhuk. "The production and marketing potential of meat poultry farming and ways to improve it." Agrarian Economics 1, no. 8 (September 1, 2021): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1818-9806-2021-8-87-94.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This article examines the state and priority directions of development of poultry meat production, a strategy for improving the production and sales activities of poultry meat organizations is developed, measures to increase the production and sales potential of industry enterprises are proposed and their economic justification is given.
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Grona, Andrew Vadimovich. "WAYS TOWARDS ADVANCED AUTOMATIC MEASURES TO PREVENT VAT EVASION." UKRAINIAN ASSEMBLY OF DOCTORS OF SCIENCES IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 1, no. 11 (January 24, 2018): 102–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/vadnd.v1i11.18.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper intends to bring a view on possible measures, which the Cabinet of Ministers and Finance Department of Ukraine are authorized to implement. These measures concern introducing new criteria for evaluating the level of risks, sufficient for stopping a registration of tax invoices/adjustment calculations, depending on a kind of the stated goods’ issue. Both the criteria and implementation of those are based on the information, received from an au- tomated VAT payers’ inventory accounting system, necessary for creationas a component of VAT electronic administration system. The paper brings a view on measures, intended to automate a processof reviewing tax payers’ written expla- nations by the SFS committee, established in accord to FDU’s order # 566 on 13.06.2017. In addition, some automatic measures to prevent realizing the “twist- ing” operations have been proposed in the paper. It was noted that the procedure for stopping the registration of risky tax invoices was introduced as a means of automatically preventing such a widespread VAT avoidance scheme as a “twist” for all goods, and not just for fuel. In this article, under the risky tax billing/ adjustment calculations, it is proposed to understand such tax invoices/adjust- ments calculations that satisfy the approved criteria of the Ministry of Finance to assess the degree of risk sufficient to stop their registration. It is noted that the principle of indiscretion has already been established in Ukraine. It is estab- lished prematurely, since it is not yet backed up by effective automatic measures to prevent VAT deviations. The real implementation of this principle is one of the key points in improving the investment climate and implementing economic re- forms in Ukraine. It will sharply increase the level of freedom of doing business in Ukraine, will open the way for an automatic VAT refund procedure and deprive enterprises of unreasonable checks that are carried out in connection with the detection of tax breaches by their counterparties (and, more often, counteragents of their counterparties).
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Grona, Andrew Vadimovich. "WAYS TOWARDS ADVANCED AUTOMATIC MEASURES TO PREVENT VAT EVASION." UKRAINIAN ASSEMBLY OF DOCTORS OF SCIENCES IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 1, no. 12 (February 14, 2018): 102–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/vadnd.v1i12.53.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper intends to bring a view on possible measures, which the Cabinet of Ministers and Finance Department of Ukraine are authorized to implement. These measures concern introducing new criteria for evaluating the level of risks, sufficient for stopping a registration of tax invoices/adjustment calculations, depending on a kind of the stated goods’ issue. Both the criteria and implementation of those are based on the information, received from an automated VAT payers’ inventory accounting system, necessary for creationas a component of VAT electronic administration system. The paper brings a view on measures, intended to automate a processof reviewing tax payers’ written explanations by the SFS committee, established in accord to FDU’s order # 566 on 13.06.2017. In addition, some automatic measures to prevent realizing the “twisting” operations have been proposed in the paper. It was noted that the procedure for stopping the registration of risky tax invoices was introduced as a means of automatically preventing such a widespread VAT avoidance scheme as a “twist” for all goods, and not just for fuel. In this article, under the risky tax billing/ adjustment calculations, it is proposed to understand such tax invoices/adjustments calculations that satisfy the approved criteria of the Ministry of Finance to assess the degree of risk sufficient to stop their registration. It is noted that the principle of indiscretion has already been established in Ukraine. It is established prematurely, since it is not yet backed up by effective automatic measures to prevent VAT deviations. The real implementation of this principle is one of the key points in improving the investment climate and implementing economic reforms in Ukraine. It will sharply increase the level of freedom of doing business in Ukraine, will open the way for an automatic VAT refund procedure and deprive enterprises of unreasonable checks that are carried out in connection with the detection of tax breaches by their counterparties (and, more often, counteragents of their counterparties).
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KYRYLENKO, Olga, and Victor RUSIN. "DIRECTIONS OF MINIMIZATION OF FINANCIAL SCAMS IN THE FIELD OF PUBLIC PROCUREMENT." WORLD OF FINANCE, no. 2(63) (2020): 62–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/sf2020.02.062.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction. Ukraine is undergoing an extremely important and complex process of forming a modern and effective public procurement system aimed at creating a competitive environment and further developing fair competition in public procurement, as well as ensuring compliance with international obligations by consistently adapting Ukrainian legislation to EU standards. The task of public procurement reform is to significantly reduce financial fraud in this area and achieve savings in public funds. The purpose of the article is to analyze the process of reforming the public procurement in Ukraine, focusing on the latest changes, substantiation of proposals for ways to minimize financial fraud in the field of public procurement. Results. The main milestones of formation and improvement of the public procurement system in Ukraine are considered. Emphasis is placed on the features of the current stage, which are to create better conditions for bidders and prevent financial fraud in public procurement, expanding the list of violations and strengthening penalties. Data on the most common types of violations among procurement customers are given. Conclusions. The existing risks of unfair competition in procurement are indicated and the ways of minimizing financial fraud in this area are substantiated. Emphasis is placed on the importance of preventive measures that can be used to detect violations before the conclusion of the contract. In the context of strengthening the effectiveness of control measures, it is proposed to introduce a direct rule of criminal liability for violations in the field of public procurement. The implementation of the proposed measures will help increase the effectiveness of public policy in the field of public procurement, which will ultimately allow for more economical and efficient use of public funds.
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Kramin, Timur, Marsel Miftakhov, and Dmitry Manushin. "Capital conception of estimating the impact of sport activity of the population." SHS Web of Conferences 128 (2021): 04002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202112804002.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article presents a new capital conception of estimating the impact of sport activity of the population on the social-economic development of the economy and the society. The social-economic effects of sport activity are estimated through the formation of various types of capital – physical, social, and intellectual, which can be further quantitatively assessed. It was shown that sport activity forms all the above types of capital. The account of all these types of capital allows comprehensive assessment of the effect of the measures aimed at increasing the sport activity of the population. The main applied result of the article is the scientific substantiation of the possibility to assess the recoupment of the investments into physical culture and sports development and the increase of the sport activity of the population. Thus, a new tool for estimating the efficiency of the regional policy in the sphere of physical culture and sports is proposed.
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Мухаметгалиев, Фарит, Farit Mukhametgaliev, Дафик Хафизов, Dafik Khafizov, Марсель Хисматуллин, Marsel Khismatullin, Ильгизар Гайнутдинов, Ilgizar Gaynutdinov, Ландыш Ситдикова, and Landysh Sitdikova. "ISSUES OF SMALL FORMS OF ECONOMIC AND COOPERATION DEVELOPMENT IN RURAL AREAS." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 14, no. 1 (March 30, 2019): 138–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5ccedf76d50a12.50893731.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The relevance of the topic of the article is due to the need to improve the agricultural and food policy of the state in the development of small forms of business and cooperation in rural areas. The subject of the research is a system of organization of activities of small agribusiness, agricultural cooperatives in the current social and economic conditions. The novelty of the research lies in identifying trends in the development of small forms of business and justifying the necessary priority measures to improve the organization of activities of small agribusiness entities. The main results of the study - reviewed the current state of the organization of activities of small businesses, citizens leading personal subsidiary farms, agricultural cooperatives, their contribution to gross agricultural production, social and economic development of rural areas, directions and measures of state support, relations with executive authorities on areas, factors hindering their effective functioning, indicated directions for improving the effective functioning. The proposed article theoretical and practical recommendations can be used in research on the development of small farms and cooperatives in rural areas, with the scientific substantiation of the basic directions, methods and mechanisms for the implementation of agri-food policy. The practical significance of the research results is the possibility of their use in the development of agrarian policy, the formation of effective mechanisms of state influence on the development of the agri-food complex at the federal and regional levels to achieve high targets.
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Smiesova, Viktoriia. "The merger of power and property in Ukraine: a mechanism of implementation and ways for regulation." Herald of Ternopil National Economic University, no. 4(90) (December 12, 2018): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/visnyk2018.04.007.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article addresses the issue of informal interrelation between power and property in Ukraine. Such a merger results in the following undesirable situations: when the government lobbies for the companies whose business concerns are «represented» by authorities; when public funds are misused by funding the companies through government grants, subsidies, subventions and funding government programmes; when budgetary and extra-budgetary funds are poorly allocated and reallocated; when conditions for shadow economy arise. The purpose of the paper is to substantiate the main ways and tools for countering and overcoming the merger of power and property in the national economy. More specifically, the article describes and clarifies the main components of the interrelation between power and property, namely: subjects, objects, the main areas where the merger can be achieved, the areas under its influence, tools and levers, forms and methods for the merger to be completed. The study also indicates negative consequences of the «power – property» structure for economic, social and political processes. The need to combat and prevent the discussed problem in the national economy stems from growing maladministration of the government in the economic area, informal interrelation between authorities and a large number of the institutional and permanent properties, aggravation of corruption, and lobbying for economic interests of authorities and proprietary bodies. It is proposed to implement a systemic state’s policy aimed at overcoming the merger of power and property. This policy should be carried out along with a long-term policy of economic growth and reproduction of intensive economic relations. In response to the need of combating the merger of power and property in public sector and tax service, a set of measures is proposed. These measures will promote the reproduction of economic relations and economic interests in the regulatory and legal sphere.
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Kulyk, Andriy. "FACTORS OF INFLUENCE ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF HOTEL AND RESTAURANT BUSINESS IN UKRAINE." Economic discourse, no. 4 (December 2019): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.36742/2410-0919-2019-4-6.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction. Since tourism in Ukraine in recent years has been turning into a dynamic and profitable sector of economic activity, the substantiation and search for ways to improve the quality of services in it is of particular relevance. Access to international markets for tourism services enhances interest and actualizes the study of factors affecting the quality of tourism services in Ukraine. Largely, the implementation of the task of substantiating ways to improve the quality of tourism services in general depends on the activities of the respective hotel and restaurant business institutions and their functional interaction. Methods. Empirical methods and questionnaires were used to establish and identify factors affecting the quality of services in the hotel and restaurant business. The method of abstraction and generalization was used in the study, which allowed us to draw conclusions regarding the prospects and ways to improve the quality of services in the Ukrainian hotel and restaurant business. Results. A study of the factors affecting the quality of services in the hotel and restaurant business allowed them to be classified, to identify the level of influence, to offer ways and measures to smooth out the negative and increase positive trends in this area. The development of a position on possible ways to overcome the negative impact of various factors on the quality of services in the hotel and restaurant business was the logical result of a scientific search, including through the phased implementation of measures to smooth or eliminate each of them. Discussions. The proposals worked out will make it possible to improve the quality of services in the hotel and restaurant business in Ukraine. In the future, more in-depth research is needed on how to develop the composition of hotel and restaurant services, methods of evaluation and quality control, the use of positive foreign experience on these issues, as well as finding ways to improve the use of computers and communications possible technologies in the tourism industry. Keywords: quality, service, tourism, hotel and restaurant business, tourism entities, organization, improvement.
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Sus, L. V., and Y. Y. Sus. "The NBU Economic Standards as an Instrument for Regulating the Banking Activities." Business Inform 3, no. 518 (2021): 119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2021-3-119-126.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Researching the problems of banking supervision in the course of the policy of cleaning the banking system of Ukraine is of particular importance. The issues of efficiency of regulation of the activities of commercial banks with the help of economic standards of the NBU remain topical. The article is aimed at a theoretical-methodical substantiation of the NBU economic standards system and identifying the peculiarities of their application as instruments for regulating the banking activities. The state of compliance with capital, liquidity and credit risk standards by commercial banks of Ukraine is examined. A correlation and regression analysis of the impact of credit risk standards on the volumes of overdue credit arrears of banks is carried out. Ways to improve the system of regulation of the activities of commercial banks based on the principles developed by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision are proposed. A further proposal is made as to introducing an additional economic standard for the regulation of credit risks, which would assess the risks of repayment of loans. In addition, it will be expedient for Ukraine to build a conceptual banking supervision, which will ensure close interaction of components in order to improve the efficiency of banking institutions. A comprehensive system of banking supervision should diagnose the level of risks and implement systems of their management at the level of each separate banking institution.
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Hobela, Volodymyr V., and Stepan I. Melnyk. "Offshoring as a Threat to the National Economic Security: Causes and Ways to Counteract." Scientific Bulletin of Mukachevo State University. Series «Economics» 8, no. 2 (June 24, 2021): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.52566/msu-econ.8(2).2021.9-16.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The volume of capital outflows from Ukraine to offshore jurisdictions has become quite large and poses a threat to the economic security of the state, however, measures to de-offshorise the economy are not effective. Therefore, this study is aimed at identifying factors that affect the level of offshoring of the economy, in addition to the state's tax policy, and at developing measures to de-offshorise the state economy. The study used general and special methods of cognition, economic, mathematical, and statistical analysis, the method of deduction and theoretical generalisation. A theoretical analysis of offshoring as an economic category is carried out, the scale of offshoring of the world economy and its impact on the economic security of the state is determined, which substantiated the relevance of the chosen research topic. The main factors influencing the level of offshoring of the economy, except for tax evasion, are highlighted. A methodology and algorithm for determining the total amount of capital outflow are proposed and calculations of the total amount of capital outflow from Ukraine for 2013-2019 are carried out. A correlation analysis was carried out to determine the level of influence of certain factors on the offshoring level of the Ukrainian economy. A mathematical model of the influence of these factors is constructed (x1 , x2 ... xn ) at the level of offshoring of the economy (y), which allowed identifying the factors that most contribute to the increase in the volume of capital outflows from Ukraine. A comparison of the level of corporate raiding, the coefficient of offshoring and the volume of capital outflow from Ukraine is carried out, and a conclusion is made about their stable interdependence. Based on the results of the study, the main ways of de-offshoring of the Ukrainian economy in the process of creating and forming the Bureau of Economic Security of Ukraine are developed. It is proposed to create a division within the specified bureau that will perform the functions of countering raiding and violation of property rights of business entities. It is assumed that these measures would contribute to the de-offshoring of the economy and ensure the economic security of the state. The findings of the study can be used to form legislative and institutional support for deoffshoring and ensure the economic security of the state. In particular, based on the results, it is recommended to form the main directions of work and functions of the newly created Bureau of Economic Security of Ukraine
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Rassulev, А. "The formation of an effective system of economic management is the main goal of modern reforms in Uzbekistan." Obshchestvo i ekonomika, no. 10 (2021): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s020736760017258-2.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Structural transformations in the economy of Uzbekistan require new methods of economic management, therefore the article examines the main directions of the country's actual economic development and suggests the ways of forming a new system of economic management. The author emphasizes the need to create a flexible system of economic management, providing for the reduction of state interference in the activities of economic entities. It is substantiated that another important direction of economic development is poverty reduction and employment growth. It is proposed to use institutional factors as a key element of economic development; with that, clear boundaries should be set when using administrative tools. Particular attention is paid to the country's main resource - accumulated human capital. A number of measures are proposed to create an up-to-date system favouring the reproduction of human capital.
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Malolitneva, Vesta, and Ruslan Dzhabrailov. "Strategic Public Procurement: Facilitating Sustainable Development in Ukraine." European Journal of Sustainable Development 8, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2019.v8n2p91.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
New benchmarks for world development were approved at the UN Summit in 2015, namely 17 Sustainable Development Goals. Ukraine, like other UN member states, has joined the global process of ensuring sustainable development. This requires conceptual changes in all spheres of life. Public procurement is considered as one of the most powerful tools for solving social, environmental and economic challenges facing the world. The article is dedicated to the role of sustainable public procurement and substantiation of ways of changing the conceptual approach to procurement in order to achieve the goals of sustainable development in Ukraine. Based on the analysis of foreign experience, it is proposed to change the approach to public procurement in Ukraine in such a way as to emphasize not only reduction of costs and saving of public funds but also the support of the long-term goals of the state. Keywords: public procurement, sustainable development, sustainable public procurement, “horizontal” objectives, green public procurement, socially responsible public procurement.
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Borshchevska, Olena, Eduard Kuznetsov, and Sergiy Stepanov. "WAYS OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE POTENTIAL OF STATE IN THE MARINE ECONOMIC COMPLEX: ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 4, no. 4 (September 2018): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2018-4-4-62-68.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
At present, issues of assessing the impact of economic activity on the environment as an integral part of the country’s economic development are becoming more and more relevant. Environmental problems of the development of a marine economy complex may restrain the development of the economic potential of the state. Moreover, the dynamic development of the state’s economy is possible only when economic entities adhere to the norms of an ecological nature. In this regard, the problem of assessing the impact on the environment, in particular, in the maritime complex in the projection of the economic component of development, as well as in this sense and the rational use of natural resources, is of paramount importance. The environmental tension is most often due to the placement of powerful chemical and petrochemical industries in the area of the maritime complex. In some areas, the level of environmental pollution is quite high due to the location of large facilities in the electric power industry (thermal and nuclear power plants). The economic component of the environmental impact assessment of the maritime complex is that one and the same natural resource is most often used by the economic entities of several countries. Therefore, the assessment of the impact on the environment and the achievement of a balanced distribution of ecological and economic benefits for the rational use of natural resources, especially in the maritime complex, are today of great relevance. The purpose of the article is to analyse the problems of ecological and economic orientation in the maritime complex and, on the basis of generalization of such problems, to provide recommendations on systematization of measures for the comprehensive rational development of economic relations, taking into account the features of the coastal zone and the marine economic complex. Methodology. Analytical market reviews, materials of periodicals, resources of the Internet are the informational and methodological basis of the investigation. To achieve the goal set, the following general scientific and special methods were used: economic and mathematical methods, structural-logical analysis, analogy, synthesis, comparison and integration, factor analysis. Result. The system of measures of an economic and legal nature, which should be taken into account for successful and rational use of the marine economic complex in economic activity, is substantiated. Problematic aspects and directions of their elimination are determined. The proposed model of the ecological and economic system of the maritime complex acquires a special significance in the context of the supranational task of developing measures for optimizing and rational use of natural resources on a global scale. The directions of the reform of the legal framework are considered. Practical value. The system of measures of economic and legal character and their individual types can be applied for optimization and rational use of marine (water) resources, taking into account the peculiarities of economic development and the state of the marine-economic complex in Ukraine and in other states. Value/originality. Most scientific works are devoted to the consideration of theoretical aspects of ecologicaleconomic systems, namely, the refinement of the essence of this instrument as a form of modern financial and economic dynamics. A part of the work is devoted to the consideration of the common features and national peculiarities of ecological and economic systems in individual countries and regions. The authors consider the issues of elaboration of measures for the optimization of economic activity, which combines the abovementioned aspects with the peculiarities of the formation of ecological-economic systems in the marine faring complex. It is also important to take into account the impact of planned legislative reforms on the development of economic activity in the marine faring complex of Ukraine. The account of the peculiarities of the maritime complex in the framework of the national economy allowed developing directions for its further development.
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Brechko, Oleksandr, and Vasyl Vorobets. "Institutional, organizational and economic determinants of the use of block chain technologies in the financial sector." INNOVATIVE ECONOMY, no. 3-4 (May 2020): 204–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.37332/2309-1533.2020.3-4.29.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose. The aim of the article is substantiation of organizational, economic and institutional determinants of the use of block chain technologies to solve problems in financial transactions and significantly reduce of financial risks. Methodology of research. The methodological basis of the study is the dialectical method of scientific knowledge. General and special methods are used in the process of research, in particular: system approach ‒ in studying the connections between phenomena and processes in the system of ensuring the effective development of block chain technologies; deductive ‒ in the study of problems of block chain technologies in the financial sector, a comparative approach ‒ to compare and structure block chain technologies; graphic ‒ for visual and schematic display of theoretical and practical results of research; abstract and logical ‒ in carrying out theoretical generalizations, forming conclusions. Findings. It has been determined that block chain technologies are related to the computerization of payment systems. It has been proven that block chain or distributed ledger technology (DLT) introduces a system of decentralized payment systems, with cryptographic methods of encrypting information. The spread of the use of the latest digital technologies in the system of the global financial space is substantiated. The role of block chain technologies as a strategic resource of competitive positioning of national economies is noted. Originality. The support of the venture capital market is substantiated through separate measures. It is proposed to consolidate the requirements for venture investors at the legislative level. The theoretical substantiation of the use of block chain technologies is further developed. Practical value. The results of the study can be used in the latest digital technologies: in lending P2P (Peer-to-Peer); public governance; dispute resolution, order management, product promotion; accounting. The use of block chain technologies will significantly reduce the time for banking and real-time payments. Key words: digital agenda, digital services, digital technologies, block chain, digital assets, institutional basis of digitalization, financial sector.
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Svynous, Ivan, Olesia Havryk, and Valentyna Byba. "Organizational and economic approaches to technological updating of agricultural enterprises." INNOVATIVE ECONOMY, no. 7-8 (November 2019): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.37332/2309-1533.2019.7-8.8.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose. The aim of the article is the development of theoretical approaches and practical recommendations for substantiation of instruments for improving the reproductive processes of land by agricultural enterprises. Methodology of research. Abstract and logical, computational, constructive and optimization methods are used to solve these problems, in particular in substantiation of directions of improvement of reproductive processes of agricultural lands and formation of rational organizational and economic conditions for reproduction of elements of MTB of agricultural enterprises. Findings. It has been proved that the No-Till farming system is effective in reproducing the fertility of land resources, which is not plowed, and the surface of the earth is covered with a layer of specially crushed plant residues - mulch residues (mulch). The main advantages of using zero tillage include: saving resources - fuel, labour, time, reducing depreciation costs; reducing the complexity of the technological process; restoration and preservation of the fertile soil layer - reduction or complete prevention of soil erosion; moisture accumulation in the soil, which is especially important in the conditions of the Steppe zone, and, accordingly, a noticeable decrease in the dependence of the crop on weather conditions; increasing crop yields due to the above factors. Originality. The scientific approach to the reproduction of land resources in agricultural enterprises is proposed, which is based on a set of organizational and economic instruments of socially responsible conduct of activity, in particular: the motivation of agricultural producers to introduce organic fertilizers, the introduction of the No-till system, the development of organic production, which will enhance the agricultural production. Practical value. The necessity of improvement of the program of state support of organic producers is proved on the basis of forecasting: compensation of costs for development of systems of management of organic production of agricultural production, costs in the transition period to organic production, partial compensation of costs for the use of organic fertilizers, costs for the use of plant protection products, costs for expertise organic products. It is now important to ensure that agro-technical measures are taken to restore the fertility of land resources through co-financing by agricultural enterprises, united territorial communities and the state. An effective factor, although indirectly influencing the increase in fertility of agricultural land, is the dissemination of knowledge about modern resource-saving technologies that can be provided through advisory services. Key words: material and technical base; agricultural enterprise; fertility; organic production; agricultural lands.
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Khodzhaian, A. A., A. I. Ignatyuk, V. V. Korneev, and A. R. Khodzhaian. "Modeling of the structural shift impact on economic dynamics of Ukraine's development." Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu, no. 2 (2021): 170–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2021-2/170.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose. To provide quantification of industry-specific structural shifts in the economy of Ukraine in the medium term perspective as a result of the structural policies application. Methodology. The methodological basis of the study is economic and mathematical modelling using the computable general equilibrium model GTAP (Global Trade Analysis Project). Methods of analysis and synthesis were used in systematization and generalization of modelling results. The study on the theoretical basis of the GTAP model was carried out using the system method. Findings. The influence of structural policy instruments of the state on the dynamics of economic development in Ukraine is analyzed using the applied general equilibrium model GTAP. The essence and peculiarities of functioning of computable general equilibrium models, scope of their application in the analysis of structural changes in the economy are revealed. Using the GTAP model, the macroeconomic and sector-structural effects of the implementation of a number of structural policy measures in Ukraine have been quantified, including: exemption from payment of import duties on innovative equipment for processing industry manufacturers; preferential insurance and export crediting through an export credit agency; foreign trade facilitation; exemption of industrial park residents from payment of some direct taxes and fees (VAT, land tax, infrastructure levy). Positive economic effect of the proposed measures in structural and macroeconomic dimensions is argued. The impact of domestic economy restructuring on the dynamics of socio-economic development and general welfare of the population is estimated. Originality. A methodical approach to quantitative assessment of macroeconomic and sectoral-structural effects in the economy of Ukraine in the medium term using the applied model of general equilibrium GTAP is proposed. It is revealed that in the medium term, the aggregate effect of the structural policy measures is 11.4% of GDP growth, both due to intensification of business activity as a whole and due to more efficient use of resources and factors of production in the more productive sectors of the national economy. Among the measures considered, the greatest structural effect is observed as a result of the development of a network of real-life industrial parks in Ukraine. At the same time, structural tariff policy has the lowest potential for economic growth, although it remains an important element in improving manufacturers access to innovative equipment. Practical value. The results obtained can be used as a scientific substantiation of reforms in the industrial and foreign trade policy of Ukraine, aimed at ensuring qualitative structural shifts in the domestic economy.
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Nagorna, I. V., and Y. Y. Halkina. "The Ways to Optimize Costs of Enterprise on the Example of PJSC «Ukrainian Railways»." Business Inform 11, no. 514 (2020): 282–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2020-11-282-287.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article is aimed at finding ways to optimize costs at the production subdivision «Operational wagon depot Kupyansk» of the Regional division «Southern Railway» of the Private Joint Stock Company «Ukrainian Railways» on the basis of the performed analysis of the composition and structure of costs, profitability, the impact of the amount of costs on performance indicators, the level of costs per 1 UAH of the consummated services, and operational analysis. The views of scholars on the term «costs» are explored. It is defined that cost management is quite a complex and important process in the course of carrying out economic activity along with determining the quality of further results of enterprise. The main methodological bases of cost management, economic condition of the enterprise are researched. Optimization measures for further development of the enterprise are proposed, which will allow to use its resources more efficiently, to achieve an increase sales and maximize profits. The authors provide recommendations on managing the enterprise costs in order to stimulate the growth of competitiveness. The focus is placed on the mechanism of minimizing the costs of the enterprise in the total amount of net income, because efficient use of costs can not be carried out without structural changes in the sphere of their management. It is identified that cost management is an interconnected complex of works, which forms and influences the behavior of costs during economic activity, as well as is aimed at achieving the optimal level of costs. The proposed measures as to optimizing costs can be used by directors and managers of the enterprise to make informed decisions on the prospective development of the enterprise.
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Nagorna, I. V., and Y. Y. Halkina. "The Ways to Optimize Costs of Enterprise on the Example of PJSC «Ukrainian Railways»." Business Inform 11, no. 514 (2020): 282–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2020-11-282-287.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article is aimed at finding ways to optimize costs at the production subdivision «Operational wagon depot Kupyansk» of the Regional division «Southern Railway» of the Private Joint Stock Company «Ukrainian Railways» on the basis of the performed analysis of the composition and structure of costs, profitability, the impact of the amount of costs on performance indicators, the level of costs per 1 UAH of the consummated services, and operational analysis. The views of scholars on the term «costs» are explored. It is defined that cost management is quite a complex and important process in the course of carrying out economic activity along with determining the quality of further results of enterprise. The main methodological bases of cost management, economic condition of the enterprise are researched. Optimization measures for further development of the enterprise are proposed, which will allow to use its resources more efficiently, to achieve an increase sales and maximize profits. The authors provide recommendations on managing the enterprise costs in order to stimulate the growth of competitiveness. The focus is placed on the mechanism of minimizing the costs of the enterprise in the total amount of net income, because efficient use of costs can not be carried out without structural changes in the sphere of their management. It is identified that cost management is an interconnected complex of works, which forms and influences the behavior of costs during economic activity, as well as is aimed at achieving the optimal level of costs. The proposed measures as to optimizing costs can be used by directors and managers of the enterprise to make informed decisions on the prospective development of the enterprise.
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Vinichuk, Mariia, and Angela Ryzhkova. "PROBLEM-TARGET PROGRAMMING OF UNSHADOWING OF THE ECONOMY OF UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF BALANCED SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT." Social & Legal Studios 12, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 122–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.32518/2617-4162-2021-2-122-129.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article identifies basic concepts and problems of the shadow economy, factors that cause its emergence and spreading. A comparative analysis of the the concept definition of "the shadow economy" was conducted. The main approaches to the methodological tools for determining the level of the shadow economy were studied. The main ways of unshadowing of the economy, priority measures to combat tax evasion and legalization of income of the shadow economy were proposed. In order to prevent the shadowing of the economy, it is proposed to strengthen control over economic activities outside the formal sector and criminal liability for illegal actions.
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KHOMUTOVA, E. V., and N. F. SHCHUKINА. "ANTI-CRISIS STATE REGULATION OF BUSINESS IN THE CONTEXT OF A PANDEMIC: RESULTS AND PROBLEMS." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 1, no. 4 (2021): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2021.04.01.008.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article is devoted to the study of the results of state regulation of business in the context of a pandemic and the associated global economic crisis. The impact of the system of anti-crisis measures, implemented by the Government of Russia, to support small and medium-sized businesses has been studied. The problems of development and survival of enterprises in a crisis economy are identified and the ways of their solution are proposed. The measures taken by the state to prevent massive bankruptcies during the pandemic are considered.
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Kychko, Irуna, Alla Kholodnytska, and Nataliia Petruk. "SOCIAL EFFICIENCY OF CREATING A COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT IN THE MARKET OF MEDICAL SERVICES: ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL PRINCIPLES." INNOVATIVE ECONOMY, no. 7-8 (2021): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.37332/2309-1533.2021.7-8.3.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose. The aim of the article is substantiation of the need to increase the competitiveness of health care institutions in the context of the quality of medical services, improving the image of medical institutions of various forms of ownership, strengthening the economic and environmental efficiency of their activities. Methodology of research.The theoretical and methodological basis of writing the article are the fundamental principles of economics, set out in the scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists on economic and environmental efficiency of health care facilities. Methods of analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction were used to solve the tasks set in the research process (to characterize the levels of medical services, to argue the effects of competition in the market of medical services on the quality and availability of medical services, increase economic and environmental efficiency activities of health care institutions). Results. The risks and advantages of forming a competitive environment in the market of medical services, changes in the system of financing the medical industry are studied. The prospects of the level of territorial and financial accessibility of medical services in connection with the creation and operation, along with municipal medical institutions, of private medical institutions are substantiated. Due to the impact of environmental risks on the work of health care facilities, a system of measures to coordinate and control the state of the process of medical waste disposal has been proposed. Originality. The environmental and economic approach to increasing the competitiveness of health care facilities was improved. This approach in contrast to the existing substantiated the need to improve the quality of medical services, forming a positive image of medical institutions of various forms of ownership, strengthening economic performance, conscious management of medical waste raising the level of environmental awareness and responsibility. Practical value. The use of the proposed measures to improve the work with medical waste will reduce the level of environmental pollution, will improve the health of the population of Ukraine. Key words: health care system; medical services market; social and environmental efficiency; medical institutions; competitive environment; mortality rate.
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Solovei, I. S., and І. M. Solovey. "Developing the Grain Economy Potential as the Basis of Competitiveness of the Agrarian Economy of Region." Business Inform 12, no. 515 (2020): 178–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2020-12-178-182.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article explores the development of the potential of grain economy of Podillya economic region; outlines a range of topical issues related to organizational and economic principles of increasing the level of competitiveness of the grain sector of the region and improving the economic-financial results; analyzes the current status of grain production in the region; identifies the reasons for the low level of development of the industry. The tendency of increasing grain production in Podillya economic region, which occurred mainly due to increased yield of grain and leguminous crops, is identified. The yield indicators in the region are higher than average yield indicators in Ukraine. On the basis of the carried out research, ways to increase the economic efficiency of grain production in the region are proposed. It is found out that further development and effective functioning of grain producing enterprises in the region, as well as in Ukraine in general, depend on: substantiation of organizational-economic principles of their development; creation of proper legal and regulatory frameworks; efficient use of available resources; increasing the level of fund supply and the capital-labor ratio on an innovative basis; use of innovative resource-saving technologies of grain cultivation and storage; concentration and intensification of grain cultivation; implementation of effective and flexible financial, credit and tax policies; protection and support of domestic producers; formation of a full-fledged infrastructure of the agrarian market. Prospect of further research in this direction is the analysis of the development of the potential of the grain economy of the region and increasing its competitiveness.