Статті в журналах: "Wave-to-wire"

1

KUTSUNA, Muneharu. "From Welding Wire to 4th Wave." JOURNAL OF THE JAPAN WELDING SOCIETY 78, no. 3 (2009): 179–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2207/jjws.78.179.

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2

Penalba, Markel, and John Ringwood. "A Review of Wave-to-Wire Models for Wave Energy Converters." Energies 9, no. 7 (June 30, 2016): 506. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en9070506.

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3

Josset, C., A. Babarit, and A. H. Clément. "A wave-to-wire model of the SEAREV wave energy converter." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part M: Journal of Engineering for the Maritime Environment 221, no. 2 (May 25, 2007): 81–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/14750902jeme48.

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4

Penalba, Markel, and John V. Ringwood. "A high-fidelity wave-to-wire model for wave energy converters." Renewable Energy 134 (April 2019): 367–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2018.11.040.

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5

GRASSI, Flavia, Giordano SPADACINI, Keliang YUAN, and Sergio A. PIGNARI. "Relating Crosstalk to Plane-Wave Field-to-Wire Coupling." IEICE Transactions on Communications E99.B, no. 11 (2016): 2406–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/transcom.2016ebp3027.

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6

Sousounis and Shek. "Wave-to-Wire Power Maximization Control for All-Electric Wave Energy Converters with Non-Ideal Power Take-Off." Energies 12, no. 15 (July 31, 2019): 2948. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12152948.

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The research presented in this paper investigates novel ways of optimizing all-electric wave energy converters for maximum wave-to-wire efficiency. In addition, a novel velocity-based controller is presented which was designed specifically for wave-to-wire efficiency maximization. In an ideal wave energy converter system, maximum efficiency in power conversion is achieved by maximizing the hydrodynamic efficiency of the floating body. However, in a real system, that involves losses at different stages from wave to grid, and the global wave-to-wire optimum differs from the hydrodynamic one. For that purpose, a full wave-to-wire wave energy converter that uses a direct-drive permanent magnet linear generator was modelled in detail. The modelling aspect included complex hydrodynamic simulations using Edinburgh Wave Systems Simulation Toolbox and the electrical modelling of the generator, controllers, power converters and the power transmission side with grid connection in MATLAB/Simulink. Three reference controllers were developed based on the previous literature: a real damping, a reactive spring damping and a velocity-based controller. All three literature-based controllers were optimized for maximum wave-to-wire efficiency for a specific wave energy resource profile. The results showed the advantage of using reactive power to bring the velocity of the point absorber and the wave excitation force in phase, which was done directly using the velocity-based controller, achieving higher efficiencies. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that maximizing hydrodynamic energy capture may not lead to maximum wave-to-wire efficiency. Finally, the controllers were also tested in random sea states, and their performance was evaluated.

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7

Bokhove, O., A. Kalogirou, and W. Zweers. "From Bore–Soliton–Splash to a New Wave-to-Wire Wave-Energy Model." Water Waves 1, no. 2 (November 2019): 217–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42286-019-00022-9.

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AbstractWe explore extreme nonlinear water-wave amplification in a contraction or, analogously, wave amplification in crossing seas. The latter case can lead to extreme or rogue-wave formation at sea. First, amplification of a solitary-water-wave compound running into a contraction is disseminated experimentally in a wave tank. Maximum amplification in our bore–soliton–splash observed is circa tenfold. Subsequently, we summarise some nonlinear and numerical modelling approaches, validated for amplifying, contracting waves. These amplification phenomena observed have led us to develop a novel wave-energy device with wave amplification in a contraction used to enhance wave-activated buoy motion and magnetically induced energy generation. An experimental proof-of-principle shows that our wave-energy device works. Most importantly, we develop a novel wave-to-wire mathematical model of the combined wave hydrodynamics, wave-activated buoy motion and electric power generation by magnetic induction, from first principles, satisfying one grand variational principle in its conservative limit. Wave and buoy dynamics are coupled via a Lagrange multiplier, which boundary value at the waterline is in a subtle way solved explicitly by imposing incompressibility in a weak sense. Dissipative features, such as electrical wire resistance and nonlinear LED loads, are added a posteriori. New is also the intricate and compatible finite-element space–time discretisation of the linearised dynamics, guaranteeing numerical stability and the correct energy transfer between the three subsystems. Preliminary simulations of our simplified and linearised wave-energy model are encouraging and involve a first study of the resonant behaviour and parameter dependence of the device.

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8

Cantarellas, Antoni, Daniel Remon, Weiyi Zhang, and Pedro Rodriguez. "Adaptive vector control based wave‐to‐wire model of wave energy converters." IET Power Electronics 10, no. 10 (August 2017): 1111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-pel.2016.0796.

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9

Penalba, Markel, and John V. Ringwood. "Linearisation-based nonlinearity measures for wave-to-wire models in wave energy." Ocean Engineering 171 (January 2019): 496–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2018.11.033.

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10

Curran, R., T. J. T. Whittaker, and T. P. Stewart. "Aerodynamic conversion of ocean power from wave to wire." Energy Conversion and Management 39, no. 16-18 (November 1998): 1919–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0196-8904(98)00064-8.

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11

Penalba, Markel, and John V. Ringwood. "Systematic complexity reduction of wave-to-wire models for wave energy system design." Ocean Engineering 217 (December 2020): 107651. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2020.107651.

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12

Bailey, Helen, Bryson R. D. Robertson, and Bradley J. Buckham. "Wave-to-wire simulation of a floating oscillating water column wave energy converter." Ocean Engineering 125 (October 2016): 248–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2016.08.017.

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13

Fang, Yong, Bao Qing Zeng, Wen Tao Zhang, and Pu Wang. "Millimeter Wave Characterization of Wire Bond Transitions for W-Band Electromagnetic Sensor." Applied Mechanics and Materials 738-739 (March 2015): 103–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.738-739.103.

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This paper presents millimeter wave characterization and models of various wire bond transitions between chip’s ground-signal-ground pad (GSG) and microstrip (MS), include single-wire-nomatch MS-GSG transition, double-wire-nomatch MS-GSG, single-wire-match MS-GSG transition, and double-wire-match MS-GSG transition. It also presents the 3D full-wave electromagnetic simulation. Analysis results show that the double-wire-match MS-GSG transition’s characteristic is better than other three transitions in the whole W band. The accurate extracted parameter values are used for the lumped equivalent circuit model, whose simulation results are good with the full wave simulation results. The error between lumped equivalent circuit and full-wave models is of the order of ±0.2dB for S11 and S21 in the frequency range 75 - 105GHz. The proposed lumped equivalent circuit is suitable to be implemented in commercial microwave CAD tools for the electromagnetic sensor designing.

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14

Park, Sung Yong, Byung Uk Jeon, Jang Moo Lee, and Yong Hyeon Cho. "Measurement of Low-Frequency Wave Propagation in a Railway Contact Wire with Dispersive Characteristics Using Wavelet Transform." Key Engineering Materials 321-323 (October 2006): 1609–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.321-323.1609.

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The railway contact wire, which supplies electric railways with electric power, plays an important role in determining the maximum railway velocity. In general, the maximum allowable velocity of an electric railway is less than seventy percent of the wave propagation velocity of the contact wire. Because the contact wire is more a beam model with dispersive wave characteristics than a string model, the wave propagation velocity depends on the frequency. For this reason, there have been only few studies on the wave propagation of the contact wire. In this paper, we proposed two useful methods for estimating the wave propagation velocity of the railway contact wire by using the Gabor wavelet transform on the experimental signals. In the first method, the ridges of wavelet transform, which contain the essential information about dispersive characteristics, are used. Specifically, the wave propagation velocity of the contact wire can be extracted from the time difference of the wavelet ridges of the measured signals. In the second method, the cross-correlation analysis of each wavelet transform is used to extract the wave propagation. The selection of the optimal Gabor shaping factor for the best time-frequency localization by using the Shannon entropy cost function is also discussed.

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15

SABLIKOV, V. A., and S. V. POLYAKOV. "SPIN-CHARGE STRUCTURE OF QUANTUM WIRES COUPLED TO ELECTRON RESERVOIRS." International Journal of Nanoscience 02, no. 06 (December 2003): 487–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x03001590.

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We report the correlated charge and spin density distributions in a quantum wire coupled to electron reservoirs. It is found that charging the wire because of the electron density redistribution between the wire and reservoirs results in the increase of the critical electron density, below which the spontaneous spin polarization appears. The distributions of the electron densities with spin up and spin down along the wire have components oscillating in opposite phases with the wave vector 2kF, kF being the Fermi wave vector. As a result the antiferromagnetic spin order appears, with one of the spin components spontaneously predominating. The charge density distribution is close to the Wigner order with the small amplitude of the 4kF charge-density waves.

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16

Kraftmakher, G., and V. Butylkin. ""Cut wires grating – single longitudinal wire" planar metastructure to achieve microwave magnetic resonance in a single wire." Advanced Electromagnetics 1, no. 2 (September 26, 2012): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.7716/aem.v1i2.14.

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Here we present metastructures containing cut-wire grating and a single longitudinal cut-wire orthogonal to grating’s wires. Experimental investigations at microwaves show these structures can provide strong magnetic resonant response of a single nonmagnetic cut-wire in dependence on configuration and sizes in the case when metastructures are oriented along the direction of wave propagation and cut-wires of grating are parallel to the electric field of a plane electromagnetic wave. It is suggested a concept of magnetic response based on antiparallel resonant currents excited by magnetic field of surface polaritons in many spatial LC-circuits created from cut-wire pairs of a grating and section of longitudinal cut-wire. Three separately observed resonant effects connected with grating, LC-circuits and with longitudinal cut-wire have been identified applying measurements in waveguides, cutoff waveguides and free space. To tune and mark resonance split cut-wires are loaded with varactor diodes.

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17

Thiyagarajan, Jothi Saravanan. "Investigation of Guided Wave Interaction with Discontinuities in the Axisymmetric Damped Waveguide." Proceedings 67, no. 1 (November 9, 2020): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/asec2020-07539.

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Structural health monitoring and nondestructive evaluation techniques are utilized to monitor wire breakage, and one of the prominent methods is to practice guided ultrasonic wave propagation and acoustic emission (AE) monitoring. In this paper, the numerical modeling of wave scattering by a structural discontinuity (pitting corrosion) in axisymmetric high strength steel wire-viscoelastic damped waveguide medium is performed to analyze the wave interaction by inhomogeneity. The hybrid standard three-dimensional finite element method and semi-analytical finite element method for numerical analysis of guided ultrasonic wave propagation is presented. The narrow-band excitation force with a center frequency of 0.2 MHz-AE signal characteristics are used to understand the wave interaction of the pitting corrosion (damage) in steel wire.

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18

Benreguig, Pierre, James Kelly, Vikram Pakrashi, and Jimmy Murphy. "Wave-to-Wire Model Development and Validation for Two OWC Type Wave Energy Converters." Energies 12, no. 20 (October 18, 2019): 3977. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12203977.

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The Tupperwave device is a closed-circuit oscillating water column (OWC) wave energy converter that uses non-return valves and two large fixed-volume accumulator chambers to create a smooth unidirectional air flow, harnessed by a unidirectional turbine. In this paper, the relevance of the Tupperwave concept against the conventional OWC concept, that uses a self-rectifying turbine, is investigated. For this purpose, wave-to-wire numerical models of the Tupperwave device and a corresponding conventional OWC device are developed and validated against experimental tests. Both devices have the same floating spar buoy structure and a similar turbine technology. The models include wave-structure hydrodynamic interaction, air turbines and generators, along with their control laws in order to encompass all power conversion stages from wave to electrical power. Hardware-in-the-loop is used to physically emulate the last power conversion stage from mechanic to electrical power and hence validate the control law and the generator numerical model. The dimensioning methodology for turbines and generators for power optimisation is explained. Eventually, the validated wave-to-wire numerical models of the conventional OWC and the Tupperwave device are used to assess and compare the performances of these two OWC type wave energy device concepts in the same wave climate. The benefits of pneumatic power smoothing by the Tupperwave device are discussed and the required efficiency of the non-return valves is investigated.

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19

Forehand, David I. M., Aristides E. Kiprakis, Anup J. Nambiar, and A. Robin Wallace. "A Fully Coupled Wave-to-Wire Model of an Array of Wave Energy Converters." IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy 7, no. 1 (January 2016): 118–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tste.2015.2476960.

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20

Pignari, Sergio A., and Giordano Spadacini. "Plane-Wave Coupling to a Twisted-Wire Pair Above Ground." IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility 53, no. 2 (May 2011): 508–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/temc.2010.2061855.

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21

Zhao, Pengfei, Ge Mu, Menglu Chen, and Xin Tang. "Simulation of Resonant Cavity-Coupled Colloidal Quantum-Dot Detectors with Polarization Sensitivity." Coatings 12, no. 4 (April 7, 2022): 499. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12040499.

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Infrared detectors with polarization sensitivity could extend the information dimension of the detected signals and improve target recognition ability. However, traditional infrared polarization detectors with epitaxial semiconductors usually suffer from low extinction ratio, complexity in structure and high cost. Here, we report a simulation study of colloidal quantum dot (CQD) infrared detectors with monolithically integrated metal wire-grid polarizer and optical cavity. The solution processibility of CQDs enables the direct integration of metallic wire-grid polarizers with CQD films. The polarization selectivity of HgTe CQDs with resonant cavity-enhanced wire-grid polarizers are studied in both short-wave and mid-wave infrared region. The extinction ratio in short-wave and mid-wave region can reach up to 40 and 60 dB, respectively. Besides high extinction ratio, the optical cavity enhanced wire-grid polarizer could also significantly improve light absorption at resonant wavelength by a factor of 1.5, which leads to higher quantum efficiency and better spectral selectivity. We believe that coupling CQD infrared detector with wire-grid polarizer and optical cavity can become a promising way to realize high-performance infrared optoelectronic devices.

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22

Liu, Hai Rui, Jun Sheng Yu, and Xiao Ming Liu. "Characteristic of Free Stand Wire-Grid Polarizers in Sub-Millimeter Wave Range." Applied Mechanics and Materials 290 (February 2013): 127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.290.127.

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Free stand wire-grids (FSWG) are widely used as polarizers, beam splitters, attenuators, and interferometers in millimeter wave and THz ranges. FSWG behaves as low-loss element as the wire grid is unsupported with a substrate, and provides good performance in the range of 0.1-3.0 THz. This paper analyzes the characteristic of the wire-grid polarizers in sub millimeter wave range. These analysis include the spectral transmittance with different wire spacing and incident angle. In order to evaluate the analysis, we measured the transmittance of wire-grid polarizer by using a novel quasi-optical system. Test results of transmittance show that the extinction ratio is over 15 dB up to 700GHz, which agrees well with predictions.

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23

Otsuka, Masahiko, Naoki Okamoto, and Shigeru Itoh. "A Study on Shock Energy for Concrete Destruction Using Underwater Shock Wave." Materials Science Forum 566 (November 2007): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.566.225.

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In this study, the destruction of concrete block using underwater shock wave generated by high current is studied. A metal wire was connected to an electrode and a high voltage impulsive current was passed through it to generate the underwater shock wave. The underwater shock wave was investigated by optical observation using a high-speed camera and pressure measurement. A comparison was made on the shock wave generated from the electrode with and without connecting it to a metal wire. The underwater shock wave generated from electrode without metal wire showed the existence of many shock waves by continuous plasma within discharge duration, and the duration of the pressure pulse was long in this case. The peak pressure of underwater shock wave generated from metal wire explosion was higher than the previous case due to the reaction of metal vapor and water, whereas the pressure duration was less. The concrete block was efficiently destructed by the effect of underwater shock pressure of high impulse. The high peak pressure and long duration are necessary for the destruction of concrete block. It is suggested that high pressure induces crack to the structure, and the long pulse duration destructs the structure.

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24

Liu, Zhen, Chuanli Xu, and Kilwon Kim. "A CFD-based wave-to-wire model for the oscillating water column wave energy Convertor." Ocean Engineering 248 (March 2022): 110842. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2022.110842.

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25

Garcia-Rosa, Paula B., Jose Paulo Vilela Soares Cunha, Fernando Lizarralde, Segen F. Estefen, Isaac R. Machado, and Edson H. Watanabe. "Wave-to-Wire Model and Energy Storage Analysis of an Ocean Wave Energy Hyperbaric Converter." IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering 39, no. 2 (April 2014): 386–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/joe.2013.2260916.

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26

Voitkans, Janis, and Arnis Voitkans. "Tesla Coil Theoretical Model and its Experimental Verification." Electrical, Control and Communication Engineering 7, no. 1 (December 1, 2014): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ecce-2014-0018.

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Abstract In this paper a theoretical model of Tesla coil operation is proposed. Tesla coil is described as a long line with distributed parameters in a single-wire form, where the line voltage is measured across electrically neutral space. By applying the principle of equivalence of single-wire and two-wire schemes an equivalent two-wire scheme can be found for a single-wire scheme and the already known long line theory can be applied to the Tesla coil. A new method of multiple reflections is developed to characterize a signal in a long line. Formulas for calculation of voltage in Tesla coil by coordinate and calculation of resonance frequencies are proposed. The theoretical calculations are verified experimentally. Resonance frequencies of Tesla coil are measured and voltage standing wave characteristics are obtained for different output capacities in the single-wire mode. Wave resistance and phase coefficient of Tesla coil is obtained. Experimental measurements show good compliance with the proposed theory. The formulas obtained in this paper are also usable for a regular two-wire long line with distributed parameters.

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27

Liu, Cun Gen, Jin Cun Liu, Xiao Ping Huang, and Yuan Liu. "The On-Line Monitoring Method for Drainage Wire Galloping in High Voltage Overhead Power Transmission Line." Applied Mechanics and Materials 459 (October 2013): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.459.239.

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In order to analysis wave characteristic of drainage wire, considering the shortcoming of existed measuring systems, including lack of accuracy and heavy load of data transmission, and combining with the PDR system which has been widely used in absolute position of a pedestrian, the on-line monitoring method for drainage wire galloping is proposed, which is based on accelerometer and gyroscope. Min-vector of angular velocity is applied to capture the onset/end of each gallop. ZUPT algorithm is implemented to correct the galloping velocity at onset when errors existed. Cluster sampling and quadratic integral are used to measure Galloping parameters accurately. The galloping orbit is also displayed dynamically. Finally, practical experiments are carried out. The feasibility and availability of the on-line monitoring method based on PDR system are demonstrated. The method can measure wave amplitude, wave speed and wave trajectory precisely, and offer technical support for in-depth research of drainage wire galloping.

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28

Penalba, Markel, José-Antonio Cortajarena, and John Ringwood. "Validating a Wave-to-Wire Model for a Wave Energy Converter—Part II: The Electrical System." Energies 10, no. 7 (July 14, 2017): 1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en10071002.

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29

Rostami, Javad, Peter W. Tse, and Maodan Yuan. "Detection of broken wires in elevator wire ropes with ultrasonic guided waves and tone-burst wavelet." Structural Health Monitoring 19, no. 2 (June 12, 2019): 481–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1475921719855915.

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Elevator wire ropes with polymer cores hold and hoist heavy fluctuating loads in a corrosive environment. Such working condition causes metal fatigue, which together with abrasion around pulleys leads to progressive loss of the metallic cross section. This can be seen in the forms of a roughened and pitted surface of the ropes, reduction in diameter, and broken wires. Therefore, their deterioration must be monitored so that any unexpected damage or corrosion can be detected before it causes a fatal accident. Ultrasonic-guided wave-based inspection, which has proved its capability in nondestructive testing of platelike structures such as tubes and pipes, can monitor the cross section of wire ropes in their entire length from a single point. However, guided waves have drawn less attention for defect detection purposes in wire ropes. This article reports the condition monitoring of a steel wire rope from a hoisting elevator with broken wires as a result of corrosive environment and fatigue. Finite element analysis was conducted as a baseline to study guided wave propagation in wire ropes and plot dispersion curves. Guided wave propagation in wire ropes was experimentally investigated on a newly built cable stretching machine equipped with a load sensor under different amount of tensile loading. To expose the indication of broken wires, the recorded signals were analyzed by tailor-made continuous wavelet transform called tone burst wavelet.

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30

Hanashiro, Soichiro, Katsuya Higa, Takumi Matsui, Ryo Matsubara, Osamu Higa, and Shigeru Itoh. "Development of a Power Supply for the Food Processing Device, Using High Pressure due to Evaporation of Aluminum Wire by Discharging High Current." Materials Science Forum 767 (July 2013): 244–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.767.244.

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We have developed the food processing device which uses underwater shock waves generated by gap discharging and electrical sparking. This method is dangerous due to the fact that it requires a very high voltage. Thus, we have focused on evaporation of aluminum wires occurred by the instantaneous high current and low voltage from a charged capacitor. When instantaneous high current flows through the aluminum wire is anchored between electrodes, a shock wave is generated by the evaporation of the aluminum wire. In this research, we have developed a power supply module for the food processing device using high pressure of shock wave due to evaporation of aluminum wire by instantaneous discharge of high current. In the present stage, the evaporation of aluminum wire can generate 70% of pressure compared to the gap discharge, and as for the electric power, it reached 22.5% of the gap discharge. It has been understood that the number of the aluminum wires are important to obtain a high pressure, when the charged capacitor discharged the charge. We found that evaporation of aluminum wire can generate high pressure with low voltage, which is more effective than the gap discharging in terms of safety.

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31

Jiang, Xianyang. "Revisiting hot-wire anemometer measurement of Tollmien–Schlichting waves on a flat plate." International Journal of Modern Physics B 34, no. 14n16 (June 2, 2020): 2040095. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979220400950.

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The amplification of Tollmien–Schlichting (T-S) wave plays an important role in the process of boundary-layer transition. This paper investigates the measurement of T-S wave using hot-wire anemometer (HWA) in a wind tunnel. To precisely acquire T-S wave, the vibration of hot-wire probe and the influence of electromagnetic interference (EMI) are considered. By introducing different amplitudes and frequencies of vibration ribbon, the development of T-S waves is obtained. Lift-up of low-speed fluid and downward of high-speed fluid are observed during the transition.

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32

Zhang, Pengfei, Zhifeng Tang, Fuzai Lv, and Keji Yang. "Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Guided Wave Propagation in a Multi-Wire Cable." Applied Sciences 9, no. 5 (March 12, 2019): 1028. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9051028.

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Ultrasonic guided waves (UGWs) have attracted attention in the nondestructive testing and structural health monitoring (SHM) of multi-wire cables. They offer such advantages as a single measurement, wide coverage of the acoustic field, and long-range propagation ability. However, the mechanical coupling of multi-wire structures complicates the propagation behaviors of guided waves and signal interpretation. In this paper, UGW propagation in these waveguides is investigated theoretically, numerically, and experimentally from the perspective of dispersion and wave structure, contact acoustic nonlinearity (CAN), and wave energy transfer. Although the performance of all possible propagating wave modes in a multi-wire cable at different frequencies could be obtained by dispersion analysis, it is ineffective to analyze the frequency behaviors of the wave signals of a certain mode, which could be analyzed using the CAN effect. The CAN phenomenon of two mechanically coupled wires in contact was observed, which was demonstrated by numerical guided wave simulation and experiments. Additionally, the measured guided wave energy of wires located in different layers of an aluminum conductor steel-reinforced cable accords with the theoretical prediction. The model of wave energy distribution in different layers of a cable also could be used to optimize the excitation power of transducers and determine the effective monitoring range of SHM.

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33

Bogdan, Grzegorz, Jakub Sobolewski, Paweł Bajurko, Yevhen Yashchyshyn, Jan Oklej, and Dariusz Ostaszewski. "A Wire-Bonded Patch Antenna for Millimeter Wave Applications." Electronics 12, no. 3 (January 27, 2023): 632. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12030632.

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Wire bonds are one of the most common interconnects used in microelectronics; however, their application to millimeter wave monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICs) may severely decrease the overall system performance due to transmission loss, radiation loss, and impedance mismatch. The goal of this work was to optimize a wire-bonded patch antenna to minimize losses and maximize the gain in the frequency range from 81 to 83 GHz. Optimization was based on electromagnetic simulations of different variants of the wire bond. Results show that the optimized structure demonstrates two major advantages. Firstly, it does not require any external matching network; hence, it can be directly connected to a contact pad of an MMIC die. Secondly, the wire bond radiation effect is utilized to enhance the patch antenna gain at the broadside direction.

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34

Arciniegas Jaimes, Diana M., Martín I. Broens, Eduardo Saavedra, Noelia Bajales Luna, and Juan Escrig. "Wave reversal mode in permalloy wire-tube nanostructures." AIP Advances 12, no. 3 (March 1, 2022): 035044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/9.0000312.

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We have investigated hysteresis curves and magnetization reversal mechanisms in permalloy wire-tube nanostructures when an external magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the axis of the nanostructure, in the x direction. Our results show that the nanotube reverses its magnetization through the wave reversal mechanism, while the nanowire does so through pseudo-coherent rotation, according to the literature. The wire-tube nanostructure exhibits a more complex reversal mechanism, where each segment begins to revert depending on whether it is a wire or tube segment, but quickly the entire nanostructure adopts the wire segment reversal mechanism as its own, considerably reducing the area within of the hysteresis curve exhibited by the nanostructure. The possibility to alter the magnetization reversal mode in such nanostructures provides an attractive way to control the motion of the magnetic domain walls.

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35

Henzan, Ryo, Yoshikazu Higa, Osamu Higa, Ken Shimojima, and Shigeru Itoh. "Numerical Simulation of Electrical Discharge Characteristics Induced by Underwater Wire Explosion." Materials Science Forum 910 (January 2018): 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.910.72.

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The underwater shock-wave phenomenon has been applied in various fields such as manufacturing and food processing and was investigated using many experimental and numerical analyses in the past. An underwater shock-wave is produced by various methods, e.g., underwater wire explosion and pulse-gap electrical discharge. Therefore, clarifying the shock characteristics depending on the stored electrical energy, wire dimension and material is extremely important. However, predicting the pressure and its distribution induced by underwater electrical wire explosion is hard because the phenomena associated with an elementary process are significantly complicated. In this study, to predict the discharge characteristics induced by underwater electrical wire explosion, numerical simulation based on the “simplified model of underwater electrical discharge” was performed. The numerical results show good agreement with the experimental ones.

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36

Ossevorth, Fabian, Ralf T. Jacobs, and Hans Georg Krauthäuser. "A full wave description for thin wire structures with TLST and perturbation theory." Advances in Radio Science 16 (September 4, 2018): 123–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ars-16-123-2018.

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Abstract. A full wave description of a thin wire structure, that includes mutual interactions and radiation, can be obtained in closed form with the so-called Transmission Line Super Theory or a refined variant of this method that utilises perturbation theory. In either procedure, a set of mixed potential integral equations is solved for the currents that propagate along a wire. With the perturbation approach, no iteration is required to approximate the initial current distribution on the wire. This procedure will be applied to solve multi-wire problems. The theory will be derived and computed results will be shown to be in good agreement with method of moment computations.

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37

Song, Sun Kyu, Abdus Samad, Stefan Wippermann, and Han Woong Yeom. "Dynamical Metal to Charge-Density-Wave Junctions in an Atomic Wire Array." Nano Letters 19, no. 8 (July 5, 2019): 5769–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b02438.

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38

Ram, O., and O. Sadot. "Implementation of the exploding wire technique to study blast-wave–structure interaction." Experiments in Fluids 53, no. 5 (August 29, 2012): 1335–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00348-012-1339-8.

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39

Mellor, W., E. Lakhani, J. C. Valenzuela, B. Lawlor, J. Zanteson, and V. Eliasson. "Design of a Multiple Exploding Wire Setup to Study Shock Wave Dynamics." Experimental Techniques 44, no. 2 (November 5, 2019): 241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40799-019-00354-8.

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40

Wei, Bing, Qiong He, Jie Li, Ren-xian Li, and Li-xin Guo. "Transient Response of Thin Wire above a Layered Half-Space Using TDIE/FDTD Hybrid Method." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2012 (2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/321452.

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The TDIE/FDTD hybrid method is applied to calculate the transient responses of thin wire above a lossy layered half-space. The time-domain reflection of the layered half space is computed by one-dimensional modified FDTD method. Then, transient response of thin wire induced by two excitation sources (the incident wave and reflected wave) is calculated by TDIE method. Finally numerical results are given to illustrate the feasibility and high efficiency of the presented scheme.

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41

Ciappi, Lorenzo, Lapo Cheli, Irene Simonetti, Alessandro Bianchini, Giampaolo Manfrida, and Lorenzo Cappietti. "Wave-to-Wire Model of an Oscillating-Water-Column Wave Energy Converter and Its Application to Mediterranean Energy Hot-Spots." Energies 13, no. 21 (October 26, 2020): 5582. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13215582.

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Oscillating water column (OWC) systems are among the most credited solutions for an effective conversion of the notable energy potential conveyed by sea waves. Despite a renewed interest, however, they are often still at a demonstration phase and additional research is required to reach industrial maturity. Within this framework, this study provides a wave-to-wire model for OWC systems based on an impulse air turbine. The model performs a comprehensive simulation of the system to estimate the attendant electric energy production for a specific sea state, based on analytical models of the primary (fixed chamber) and secondary (air turbine) converters coupled with the tertiary converter (electric generator). A rigid piston model is proposed to solve the hydrodynamics, thermodynamics, and hydrodynamics of the chamber, in a coupled fashion with the impulse turbine aerodynamics. This is solved with a novel method by considering the cascades as sets of blades, each one consisting of a finite number of airfoils stacked in the radial direction. The model was applied for two Mediterranean sites located in Tuscany and Sardinia (Italy), which were selected to define the optimal geometry of the turbine for a specified chamber. For each system, the developed analytical wave-to-wire model was applied to calculate the performance parameters and the annual energy production in environmental conditions typical of the Mediterranean Sea. The selected impulse turbines are able to convert 13.69 and 39.36 MWh/year, with an efficiency of 4.95% and 4.76%, respectively, thus proving the interesting prospects of the technology.

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42

Penalba, Markel, Nathan Sell, Andy Hillis, and John Ringwood. "Validating a Wave-to-Wire Model for a Wave Energy Converter—Part I: The Hydraulic Transmission System." Energies 10, no. 7 (July 12, 2017): 977. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en10070977.

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43

Wang, Liguo, Jan Isberg, and Elisabetta Tedeschi. "Review of control strategies for wave energy conversion systems and their validation: the wave-to-wire approach." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 81 (January 2018): 366–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.06.074.

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44

Shangguan, Liang, Kuan Lu, and Huamei Wang. "Research on Laboratory Test Method of Wave Energy Converter Wave-Wire Conversion Ratio in Irregular Waves." Energies 16, no. 2 (January 16, 2023): 1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16021001.

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The laboratory test of the wave energy converter model is an important means to evaluate the performance of the device. At present, there are few performance tests for complete specifications under the irregular wave. Referring to the test methods and standards at home and abroad, combined with the actual test work experience in the laboratory, using the irregular wave power calculation formula with the effective wave height and the spectral peak period as parameters, then the wave-wire conversion ratio test method of the wave energy converter physical model under irregular waves in the laboratory is proposed. The method is applied to the basin test experiment of the physical model of the horn-shaped backward bent duct buoy (BBDB) wave energy converter. The research results show that the established test method and process of wave-wire conversion performance have achieved good application results in the irregular waves laboratory test, and can better reflect the device operating characteristics in real sea conditions. The test results provide data support for the model design of the wave energy converter in the next test stage, the demonstration test of the prototype, and the prediction of power generation in real sea conditions.

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45

Zhang, Dapeng, Bowen Zhao, Keqiang Zhu, and Haoyu Jiang. "Dynamic Analysis of Full-Circle Swinging Hoisting Operation of a Large Revolving Offshore Crane Vessel under Different Wave Directions." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 11, no. 1 (January 12, 2023): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse11010197.

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Waves have an important influence on the motion performances of offshore crane vessels. The floating crane vessel in waves gives rise to the motion of the lifted object which is connected to the hoisting wire. Based on the geometric parameters of a revolving offshore crane vessel, combined with the specific process of the floating crane vessel at work, a model of the offshore crane vessel under full-circle swing hoisting has been established by OrcaFlex. With the change in wave direction, the dynamic response of the system is made and the impact force between the support vessel and the hanging object and the tension of the crane wire under different wave directions is obtained. At the same time, the minimum impact forces between the support vessel and the hanging object and the tension of the crane wire and their wave directions are obtained. According to the calculated result, the optimal design of the full-circle swing hoisting operation of large revolving offshore crane vessel has been determined.

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46

Maria-Arenas, Aleix, Aitor J. Garrido, Eugen Rusu, and Izaskun Garrido. "Control Strategies Applied to Wave Energy Converters: State of the Art." Energies 12, no. 16 (August 14, 2019): 3115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12163115.

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Wave energy’s path towards commercialization requires maximizing reliability, survivability, an improvement in energy harvested from the wave and efficiency of the wave to wire conversion. In this sense, control strategies directly impact the survivability and safe operation of the device, as well as the ability to harness the energy from the wave. For example, tuning the device’s natural frequency to the incoming wave allows resonance mode operation and amplifies the velocity, which has a quadratic proportionality to the extracted energy. In this article, a review of the main control strategies applied in wave energy conversion is presented along their corresponding power take-off (PTO) systems.

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47

Penalba, Markel, Josh Davidson, Christian Windt, and John V. Ringwood. "A high-fidelity wave-to-wire simulation platform for wave energy converters: Coupled numerical wave tank and power take-off models." Applied Energy 226 (September 2018): 655–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.06.008.

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48

Jamaluddin, Mohd Affiq, Mohd Shahir Liew, Kurian V. John, and Lee Hsiu Eik. "Finite Element Analysis of Guyed Offshore Monotower Subjected to Extreme Environment in Malaysian Water." Applied Mechanics and Materials 711 (December 2014): 535–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.711.535.

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This paper presents the finite element structural sensitivity analysis of a cable guyed monotower known as the Tarpon Monopod when subjected to extreme environments in Malaysian waters. A hydrodynamic loading and static platform response analysis is performed in SACS v5.3 to gauge the structural robustness in extreme Malaysian metocean conditions. A Stokes Fifth Order Wave Theory was employed to obtain wave kinematics and dynamics for load computation. The Tarpon Monopod design is reviewed generically. An actual platform located in 60m water depth within Malaysian waters is modelled for analysis. Four different guying cable scenarios are considered which are the fully guyed condition (three guy cables pinned), two guy cables condition (one wire loss), one guy cable condition (two wire loss) and free standing condition (total loss of guy wires) are presented. The environmental load sets are simulated at different headings using 45 degree steps. The results suggest that the structural caisson contributes little to the lateral stiffness of the platform. The Tarpon Monopod has little structural redundancy and its integrity is highly dependent on guy wire condition and environmental load headings.

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49

Hirose, Kazuhide, Kazuhiko Hata, and Hisamatsu Nakano. "Modified Crossed-Wire Antennas Radiating a Circularly Polarized Conical Beam." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2020 (February 24, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2759312.

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Two types of modified crossed-wire antennas are investigated to enhance a circularly polarized (CP) wave bandwidth. The wire length of each antenna is increased twice as long as that of the original antenna. First, a bent-type antenna is analyzed using the method of moments. It is found that the CP wave bandwidth for a 3 dB axial ratio criterion is twice as wide as that of the original antenna. Next, a spiral-type antenna is analyzed. It is revealed that the antenna shows a CP wave bandwidth of 28%, which is wider than that of the original antenna by a factor of 3.5. The analysis results are validated by experimental work.

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50

Gurnari, Luana, Pasquale G. F. Filianoti, Marco Torresi, and Sergio M. Camporeale. "The Wave-to-Wire Energy Conversion Process for a Fixed U-OWC Device." Energies 13, no. 1 (January 6, 2020): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13010283.

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Oscillating water column (OWC) devices, either fixed or floating, are the most common wave energy converter (WEC) devices. In this work, the fluid dynamic interaction between waves and a U-shaped OWC breakwater embedding a Wells turbine has been investigated through unsteady Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulations. The full-scale plant installed in the harbor of Civitavecchia (Italy) was numerically modeled. A two-dimensional domain was adopted to simulate the unsteady flow, both outside and inside the U-OWC device, including the air chamber and the oscillating flow inside the conduit hosting the Wells turbine. For the numerical simulation of the damping effect induced by the Wells turbine connected to the air chamber, a porous medium was placed in the computational domain, representing the conduit hosting the turbine. Several simulations were carried out considering periodic waves with different periods and amplitudes, getting a deep insight into the energy conversion process from wave to the turbine power output. For this purpose, the three main steps of the overall energy conversion process have been examined. Firstly, from the wave power to the power of the water oscillating flow inside the U-duct. Secondly, from the power of the oscillating water flow to the air pneumatic power. Finally, from the air pneumatic power to the Wells turbine power output. Results show that the U-OWC can capture up to 66% of the incoming wave power, in the case of a wave period close to the eigenperiod of the plant. However, only two-thirds of the captured energy flux is available to the turbine, being partially dissipated due to the losses in the U-duct and the air chamber. Finally, the overall time-average turbine power output is evaluated showing that it is strongly influenced by a suitable choice of the turbine characteristics (mainly geometry and rotational speed).

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