Книги: "Wave based models"

1

Lee, William Hung Kan, 1940-, Dodge D. A, and Geological Survey (U.S.), eds. A course on: PC-based seismic networks. [Menlo Park, Calif.?]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1992.

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2

Yuan-Liang, Tang, Devadiga Sadashiva, United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., Pennsylvania State University. Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering., and Langley Research Center, eds. A model-based approach for detection of objects in low resolution passive millimeter wave images. University Park, PA: Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, 1993.

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3

Grasmeijer, Bart. Process-based cross-shore modelling of barred beaches. Utrecht: Royal Dutch Geographical Society, 2002.

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4

James, Gartside, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Nonlinear interaction between a pair of oblique modes in a supersonic mixing layer: Long wave limit. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1995.

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5

Huang, Hui. The use of literature based elasticity estimates in calibrated models of trade-wage decompositions: A calibmetric approach. Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2003.

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6

Condon, Timothy. Exchange rate-based disinflation, wage rigidity, and capital inflows: Tradeoffs for Chile, 1977-81. Washington, DC: Country Economics Dept., World Bank, 1989.

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7

Lewis Research Center. Institute for Computational Mechanics in Propulsion., ed. On the behavior of three-dimensional wave packets in viscously spreading mixing layers. Cleveland, Ohio: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Lewis Research Center, Institute for Computational Mechanics in Propulsion, 1994.

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8

Lewis Research Center. Institute for Computational Mechanics in Propulsion, ed. On the behavior of three-dimensional wave packets in viscously spreading mixing layers. Cleveland, Ohio: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Lewis Research Center, Institute for Computational Mechanics in Propulsion, 1994.

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9

Lewis Research Center. Institute for Computational Mechanics in Propulsion., ed. On the behavior of three-dimensional wave packets in viscously spreading mixing layers. Cleveland, Ohio: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Lewis Research Center, Institute for Computational Mechanics in Propulsion, 1994.

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10

Lewis Research Center. Institute for Computational Mechanics in Propulsion., ed. On the behavior of three-dimensional wave packets in viscously spreading mixing layers. Cleveland, Ohio: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Lewis Research Center, Institute for Computational Mechanics in Propulsion, 1994.

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11

Stein, Jeremy C. Waves of creative destruction: Customer bases and the dynamics of innovation. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1994.

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12

C, Costen Robert, and Langley Research Center, eds. Reduced dimer production in solar-simulator-pumped continuous wave iodine lasers based on model simulations and scaling and pumping studies. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1995.

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13

Murray, Dryer, and Space Environment Laboratory, eds. The interplanetary shock propagation model: A model for predicting solar-flare-caused geomagnetic storms, based on the 2 1/2 D, MHD numerical simulation results from the interplanetary global model (2D IGM). Boulder, Colo: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental Research Laboratories, Space Environment Laboratory ; Springfield, VA, 1995.

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14

Murray, Dryer, and Space Environment Laboratory, eds. The interplanetary shock propagation model: A model for predicting solar-flare-caused geomagnetic storms, based on the 2 1/2 D, MHD numerical simulation results from the interplanetary global model (2D IGM). Boulder, Colo: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental Research Laboratories, Space Environment Laboratory ; Springfield, VA, 1995.

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15

Murray, Dryer, and Space Environment Laboratory, eds. The interplanetary shock propagation model: A model for predicting solar-flare-caused geomagnetic storms, based on the 2 1/2 D, MHD numerical simulation results from the interplanetary global model (2D IGM). Boulder, Colo: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental Research Laboratories, Space Environment Laboratory ; Springfield, VA, 1995.

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16

United States. National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service, ed. Analytical model of refraction in a moist polytropic atmosphere for space and ground-based GPS applications. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service, 1997.

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17

S, Jacobs C., and Jet Propulsion Laboratory (U.S.), eds. Observation model and parameter partials for the JPL VLBI parameter estimation software "MODEST"--1994. Pasadena, Calif: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 1994.

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18

Rubtsov, Nickolai, Mikhail Alymov, Alexander Kalinin, Alexey Vinogradov, Alexey Rodionov, and Kirill Troshin. Remote studies of combustion and explosion processes based on optoelectronic methods. au: AUS PUBLISHERS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26526/monography_62876066a124d8.04785158.

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The main objective of this book is to acquaint the reader with the main modern problems of the multisensor data analysis and opportunities of the hyperspectral shooting being carried out in the wide range of wavelengths from ultraviolet to the infrared range, visualization of the fast combustion processes of flame propagation and flame acceleration, the limit phenomena at flame ignition and propagation. The book can be useful to students of the high courses and scientists dealing with problems of optical spectroscopy, vizualisation, digital recognizing images and gaseous combustion. The main goal of this book is to bring to the attention of the reader the main modern problems of multisensory data analysis and the possibilities of hyperspectral imaging, carried out in a broad wave-length range from ultraviolet to infrared by methods of visualizing fast combustion processes, propagation and flames acceleration, and limiting phenomena during ignition and flame propagation. The book can be useful for students of higher courses and experimental scientists dealing with problems of optical spectroscopy, visualization, pattern recognition and gas combustion.

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19

Yuan-Liang, Tang, Devadiga Sadashiva, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. A model-based approach for detection of objects in low resolution passive millimeter wave images: An interim report for NASA grant NAG-1-1371, "analysis of image sequences from sensors for restricted visibility operations", for the period January 24, 1992 to January 23, 1993. University Park PA: Dept. of Electrical and COmputer Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, 1993.

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20

Yuan-Liang, Tang, Devadiga Sadashiva, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. A model-based approach for detection of objects in low resolution passive millimeter wave images: An interim report for NASA grant NAG-1-1371, "analysis of image sequences from sensors for restricted visibility operations", for the period January 24, 1992 to January 23, 1993. University Park PA: Dept. of Electrical and COmputer Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, 1993.

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21

Card, David E. Can falling supply explain the rising return to college for younger men?: A cohort-based analysis. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2000.

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22

Solymar, L., D. Walsh, and R. R. A. Syms. The band theory of solids. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198829942.003.0007.

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The solution of Schrodinger’s equation is discussed for a model in which atoms are represented by potential wells, from which the band structure follows. Three further models are discussed, the Ziman model (which is based on the effect of Bragg reflection upon the wave functions), and the Feynman model (based on coupled equations), and the tight binding model (based on a more realistic solution of the Schrödinger equation). The concept of effective mass is introduced, followed by the effective number of electrons. The difference between metals and insulators based on their band structure is discussed. The concept of holes is introduced. The band structure of divalent metals is explained. For finite temperatures the Fermi–Dirac function is combined with band theory whence the distinction between insulators and semiconductors is derived.

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23

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Staff. Model-Based Approach for Detection of Objects in Low Resolution Passive Millimeter Wave Images. Independently Published, 2018.

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24

van den Berg, Gerard J., and Arne Uhlendorff. Economic Job Search and Decision-Making Models. Edited by Ute-Christine Klehe and Edwin van Hooft. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199764921.013.021.

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The economic job search theory is based on the assumption that individuals have imperfect information about jobs and wages. It takes time to find an acceptable job and individuals have to make decisions about their job search behavior. The optimal job search behavior is characterized by the reservation wage, that is, the wage above which job offers are accepted, and by the search effort. Both components depend on factors such as the income during job search and the probability of receiving a job offer. Search effort can be described by the amount of resources used for finding a job, which includes time but can also include the type of search channels. We present the basic models of economic job search theory and selected empirical findings, in which we focus on the job search behavior of unemployed individuals.

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25

Nonlinear interaction between a pair of oblique modes in a supersonic mixing layer: Long wave limit. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1995.

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26

Henriksen, Niels Engholm, and Flemming Yssing Hansen. Bimolecular Reactions, Dynamics of Collisions. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805014.003.0004.

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This chapter discusses the dynamics of bimolecular collisions within the framework of (quasi-)classical mechanics as well as quantum mechanics. The relation between the cross-section and the reaction probability, which can be calculated theoretically from a (quasi-)classical or quantum mechanical description of the collision, is described in terms of classical trajectories and wave packets, respectively. As an introduction to reactive scattering, classical two-body scattering is described and used to formulate simple models for chemical reactions, based on reasonable assumptions for the reaction probability. Three-body (and many-body) quasi-classical scattering is formulated and the numerical evaluation of the reaction probability is described. The relation between scattering angles and differential cross-sections in various frames is emphasized. The chapter concludes with a brief description of non-adiabatic dynamics, that is, situations beyond the Born–Oppenheimer approximation where more than one electronic state is in play. A discussion of the so-called Landau–Zener model is included.

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27

Snijders, Tom A. B., and Mark Pickup. Stochastic Actor Oriented Models for Network Dynamics. Edited by Jennifer Nicoll Victor, Alexander H. Montgomery, and Mark Lubell. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190228217.013.10.

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Stochastic Actor Oriented Models for Network Dynamics are used for the statistical analysis of longitudinal network data collected as a panel. The probability model defines an unobserved stochastic process of tie changes, where social actors add new ties or drop existing ties in response to the current network structure; the panel observations are snapshots of the resulting changing network. The statistical analysis is based on computer simulations of this process, which provides a great deal of flexibility in representing data constraints and dependence structures. In this Chapter we begin by defining the basic model. We then explicate a new model for nondirected ties, including several options for the specification of how pairs of actors coordinate tie changes. Next, we describe coevolution models. These can be used to model the dynamics of several interdependent sets of variables, such as the analysis of panel data on a network and the behavior of the actors in the network, or panel data on two or more networks. We finish by discussing the differences between Stochastic Actor Oriented Models and some other longitudinal network models. A major distinguishing feature is the treatment of time, which allows straightforward application of the model to panel data with different time lags between waves. We provide a variety of applications in political science throughout.

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28

Herideen, Penelope E. Policy, Pedagogy, and Social Inequality. Bergin & Garvey, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216980971.

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Drawing extensively from critical educational theory, feminist perspectives and the writings of community college insiders as well as from her three years of classroom research, Professor Herideen develops the concept of Critical Mainstreaming. This educational model transcends traditional dichotomies such as vocational vs. liberal arts education and educating for critical consciousness vs. training for upward mobility. Critical Mainstreaming provides a unique pedagogy designed to maximize educational and career success for nontraditional students. Her work challenges the current wave of higher educational reform proposed by policymakers such as President Clinton and former Secretary of Labor Robert Reich by showing the limitations of the human capital model for education. Dr. Herideen proposes structural and instructional innovations so that educators, administrators, and policymakers can remedy rather than reproduce existing social inequities. Despite the fact that 39% of the nation's college students attend community colleges, there is almost no literature using student voices to explore the dilemmas of nontraditional students. This book is unique because it combines macro and micro sociological analysis by blending the insights of community college insiders with the abstract principles proposed by critical theorists. Through a theoretically based experimental approach to education for the less privileged, Professor Herideen shows the strengths and limitations of a variety of educational models.

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29

Mee, Nicholas. The Cosmic Mystery Tour. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198831860.001.0001.

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The Cosmic Mystery Tour is a brief account of modern physics and astronomy presented in a broad historical and cultural context. The book is attractively illustrated and aimed at the general reader. Part I explores the laws of physics including general relativity, the structure of matter, quantum mechanics and the Standard Model of particle physics. It discusses recent discoveries such as gravitational waves and the project to construct LISA, a space-based gravitational wave detector, as well as unresolved issues such as the nature of dark matter. Part II begins by considering cosmology, the study of the universe as a whole and how we arrived at the theory of the Big Bang and the expanding universe. It looks at the remarkable objects within the universe such as red giants, white dwarfs, neutron stars and black holes, and considers the expected discoveries from new telescopes such as the Extremely Large Telescope in Chile, and the Event Horizon Telescope, currently aiming to image the supermassive black hole at the galactic centre. Part III considers the possibility of finding extraterrestrial life, from the speculations of science fiction authors to the ongoing search for alien civilizations known as SETI. Recent developments are discussed: space probes to the satellites of Jupiter and Saturn; the discovery of planets in other star systems; the citizen science project SETI@Home; Breakthrough Starshot, the project to develop technologies to send spacecraft to the stars. It also discusses the Fermi paradox which argues that we might actually be alone in the cosmos

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30

Bertone, Gianfranco. A Tale of Two Infinities. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192898159.001.0001.

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The spectacular advances of modern astronomy have opened our horizon on an unexpected cosmos: a dark, mysterious Universe, populated by enigmatic entities we know very little about, like black holes, or nothing at all, like dark matter and dark energy. In this book, I discuss how the rise of a new discipline dubbed multimessenger astronomy is bringing about a revolution in our understanding of the cosmos, by combining the traditional approach based on the observation of light from celestial objects, with a new one based on other ‘messengers’—such as gravitational waves, neutrinos, and cosmic rays—that carry information from otherwise inaccessible corners of the Universe. Much has been written about the extraordinary potential of this new discipline, since the 2017 Nobel Prize in physics was awarded for the direct detection of gravitational waves. But here I will take a different angle and explore how gravitational waves and other messengers might help us break the stalemate that has been plaguing fundamental physics for four decades, and to consolidate the foundations of modern cosmology.

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31

Anderson, James A. Brain Theory. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199357789.003.0015.

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“What is a number that a man may know it?” (Warren McCulloch). A wave model can determine “numerosity” (number of identical items) for small numbers of items. Identity and numerosity can be explained through similar mechanisms. Can there be a biology of number? Imaging studies find a topographic map of number magnitude in the human brain. Higher mathematics is based in part on refined perception. Classic mathematical philosophy—Platonism and formalism—may be usefully extended with perceptual components both learned and unlearned. Perceptual involvement suggests why mathematics is surprisingly good at dealing with the physical world. We find perceptual involvement even in simple integer multiplication. We can use “active” perceptual-based nets to program elementary abstract mathematical operations. A “brain-like” program is described for the “greater-than” program done by a digital computer in Chapter 4

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32

Morita, Hodaka. US–Japanese Differences in Employment Practices. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812555.003.0009.

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This chapter shows that a model that captures the interconnections between firm dynamics, labour mobility, and specific human capital provides new explanations for and predictions on the US–Japanese differences in labour mobility, wage structure, and firm-sponsored training, based on cross-country differences in the importance of managerial capability. My argument is based on the idea that managerial capability increases its importance as an economy or an industry approaches the technological frontier. It also provides complementary explanations and predictions based on governmental interventions in firm dynamics, given that a guiding principle of Japanese industrial policy has been the regulation of so-called ‘excessive competition’.

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33

Duncan, Anthony, and Michel Janssen. Constructing Quantum Mechanics. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198845478.001.0001.

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This is the first of two volumes on the genesis of quantum mechanics. It covers the key developments in the period 1900–1923 that provided the scaffold on which the arch of modern quantum mechanics was built in the period 1923–1927 (covered in the second volume). After tracing the early contributions by Planck, Einstein, and Bohr to the theories of black‐body radiation, specific heats, and spectroscopy, all showing the need for drastic changes to the physics of their day, the book tackles the efforts by Sommerfeld and others to provide a new theory, now known as the old quantum theory. After some striking initial successes (explaining the fine structure of hydrogen, X‐ray spectra, and the Stark effect), the old quantum theory ran into serious difficulties (failing to provide consistent models for helium and the Zeeman effect) and eventually gave way to matrix and wave mechanics. Constructing Quantum Mechanics is based on the best and latest scholarship in the field, to which the authors have made significant contributions themselves. It breaks new ground, especially in its treatment of the work of Sommerfeld and his associates, but also offers new perspectives on classic papers by Planck, Einstein, and Bohr. Throughout the book, the authors provide detailed reconstructions (at the level of an upper‐level undergraduate physics course) of the cental arguments and derivations of the physicists involved. All in all, Constructing Quantum Mechanics promises to take the place of older books as the standard source on the genesis of quantum mechanics.

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34

Pershina, K. D., and K. O. Kazdobin. Impedance spectroscopy of electrolytic materials. V.I. Vernadsky Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.33609/guide.2012.224.

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Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is playing an increasingly significant role in fundamental and applied research: to study any type of solid and liquid materials (ionic, mixed, semiconductor, and insulators), to study charge transfer in heterogeneous systems, including phase boundaries, electrode boundaries, and elements of the microstructure. With the help of EIS, it is possible to study the behavior of chemical sensors, fuel cells, batteries, and corrosion processes. The base of the method stays on the principle of exciting any electrochemical system with a signal in the form of a sinusoidal wave and observing its behavior in response to this disturbance. This is the simplest method for determining the structural and transport functions of the system under study. This is the simplest method for determining the structural and transport functions of the system under study. The book discusses the theoretical foundations of the method of impedance spectroscopy, including the method of equivalent circuits, and provides examples of the analysis of impedance spectra for real objects. The main attention is paid to the model elements of equivalent circuits, their physical base, and the use of the models in the analysis of electrochemical systems. Handbook consists of seven chapters. It has questions and tasks to self-work after each part. It is intended for students of chemical, chemical-technological, and biomedical specialties, as well as for specialists engaged in research in the field of materials science, medicine, and ecology.

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35

Anderson, James A. Loose Ends. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199357789.003.0017.

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This chapter presents some ideas about Ersatz Brain Theory, which generalizes models presented in the book. It is based on three equal components: computation, cognition, and neuroscience. In the Ersatz Brain, the basic computing elements are locally interconnected groups of neurons, for example, cortical columns, and not single neurons. Columns are more powerful than neurons alone because of the potential for selectivity and reliability. A “network of networks” modular architecture is formed from interconnected groups. Response selection emerges from the stability properties of dynamical systems. Traveling waves and interference patterns also grow naturally out of dynamics and local connections. The resulting systems operate using similar rules at multiple spatial scales for different levels of integration.

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36

Guenther, B. D. Modern Optics Simplified. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198842859.001.0001.

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This textbook is designed for use in a standard physics course on optics at the sophomore level. The book is an attempt to reduce the complexity of coverage found in Modem Optics to allow a student with only elementary calculus to learn the principles of optics and the modern Fourier theory of diffraction and imaging. Examples based on real optics engineering problems are contained in each chapter. Topics covered include aberrations with experimental examples, correction of chromatic aberration, explanation of coherence and the use of interference theory to design an antireflection coating, Fourier transform optics and its application to diffraction and imaging, use of gaussian wave theory, and fiber optics will make the text of interest as a textbook in Electrical and bioengineering as well as Physics. Students who take this course should have completed an introductory physics course and math courses through calculus Need for experience with differential equations is avoided and extensive use of vector theory is avoided by using a one dimensional theory of optics as often as possible. Maxwell’s equations are introduced to determine the properties of a light wave and the boundary conditions are introduced to characterize reflection and refraction. Most discussion is limited to reflection. The book provides an introduction to Fourier transforms. Many pictures, figures, diagrams are used to provide readers a good physical insight of Optics. There are some more difficult topics that could be skipped and they are indicated by boundaries in the text.

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37

Cannon Harris, Susan. Introduction. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474424462.003.0001.

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The introduction identifies the “other revolutions”—the sexual revolution, the socialist revolution, and the ‘free theater’ revolution—that came together in London in the 1890s as the first wave of modern Irish playwrights sought to prove themselves on the London stage. The introduction also explains and justifies the book’s theoretical paradigm and methodologies, arguing for the importance of reading social politics and sexual politics together. It identifies some of the limitations of the “global turn” and its dependence on evolutionary and market-theory based conceptions of “world literature,” arguing that these paradigms obscure the existence of the intentionally anticapitalist systems of exchange that sustained left theater during the period under investigation. It makes the case for reading the intersection of Irish drama and utopian socialism through queer theory, based on their shared ambivalence about what Lee Edelman calls “reproductive futurism,” and draws on the work of Jose Munoz, J. J. Halberstam, and Natalie Melas to elaborate a comparative paradigm which is not defined by developmental logic or capitalist conceptions of value. It argues for the necessity of treating socialism as an embodied praxis, especially in the Irish context. It concludes with summaries of the five chapters and the epilogue.

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38

Davidson, Lawrence. Islamic Fundamentalism. 3rd ed. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400672989.

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This review of the evolution of Islamic fundamentalism and Western-Muslim relations—from the events of September 11, 2001, to the present day—offers insight into the movement's historical roots and growing contemporary influence. Given the volatile nature of relations between the Middle East and the Western world, many Westerners, particularly Americans, have a skewed view of what comprises Islamic fundamentalism. Many wonder, are these beliefs based in religious doctrine, political motivations, or even irrational rhetoric? This book offers a highly accessible introduction to the topic that covers the movement's origins, goals, and doctrine, and shows how it has developed into the modern force we see on today's global stage. The third edition includes important updates as well as a new chapter on the recent wave of demonstrations and protests known as the Arab Spring. Organized both chronologically and topically, Islamic Fundamentalism: An Introduction, Third Edition reviews the basis for the Islamic and Muslim worldviews, examines the modern phenomenon of Islamic fundamentalism through the development of the Muslim states of Iran and Saudi Arabia, and analyzes the Western view of this ideology. A chronology, glossary, and primary documents accompany the text.

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39

Ditz, Toby L. Manhood and the US Republican Empire. Edited by Ellen Hartigan-O'Connor and Lisa G. Materson. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190222628.013.7.

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This chapter shows how republican and imperial grammars of manhood, and the gender order in which they were embedded, defined boundaries of civic and political inclusion in three areas of United States law and policy: the military, land and labor, and immigration. In each, specific models of labor, marriage, and domestic life defined manliness, conferring full privileges of citizenship on some men but denying it to others. Even as they generated racial and class distinctions, grammars of manhood also created openings for challenges by subordinate and marginal men. These dynamics included bids to create an egalitarian interracial republic followed by racist backlash, competition between yeoman ideals and liberal political economy’s manly wage-earning domestic provider, and alternative marriage practices among immigrants and their policing—all in the context of the nation’s colonial past, its aggressive territorial expansionism, and patterns of global labor migration shared with other former slave-based regimes.

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40

Cantor, Jeffrey A. 21st-Century Apprenticeship. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400605710.

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Illustrates how a changing U.S. economy demands a revival of employer-based workforce training and suggests a new model of apprenticeship founded on the best of practices past and present, overseas and at home. Registered apprenticeship provides opportunities to "learn and earn." Research data indicates that individuals who graduate with an apprenticeship certificate have higher starting salaries than those with only a two-year degree. This book examines the rebirth of an age-old concept in the 21st century—apprenticeship. Serving as a call to action with a positive message for parents, entrepreneurs, educators, legislators, and political leaders, the book analyzes the condition of the U.S. and world economies from an employment and occupational perspective and describes how apprenticeship training can significantly bolster the economic recovery. Author Jeffrey A. Cantor, PhD, explains how modern-day apprenticeships can serve business owners in developing workers, parents in guiding their children into productive careers and professions, community leaders in instituting workforce development policies that support both entrepreneurs and citizens, and college educators in working more effectively with business and industry within our communities. Readers will learn how apprenticeship can provide young people with invaluable opportunities to train for desirable, high-tech, and high-wage jobs, without their having to ""give up"" on a college education—it is possible to have both.

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41

Rai, Dibya Prakash, ed. Advanced Materials and Nano Systems: Theory and Experiment - Part 2. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/97898150499611220201.

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The discovery of new materials and the manipulation of their exotic properties for device fabrication is crucial for advancing technology. Nanoscience, and the creation of nanomaterials have taken materials science and electronics to new heights for the benefit of mankind. Advanced Materials and Nanosystems: Theory and Experiment covers several topics of nanoscience research. The compiled chapters aim to update students, teachers, and scientists by highlighting modern developments in materials science theory and experiments. The significant role of new materials in future technology is also demonstrated. The book serves as a reference for curriculum development in technical institutions and research programs in the field of physics, chemistry and applied areas of science like materials science, chemical engineering and electronics. This part covers 12 topics in these areas: 1. Recent advancements in nanotechnology: a human health Perspective 2. An exploratory study on characteristics of SWIRL of AlGaAs/GaAs in advanced bio based nanotechnological systems 3. Electronic structure of the half-Heusler ScAuSn, LuAuSn and their superlattice 4. Recent trends in nanosystems 5. Improvement of performance of single and multicrystalline silicon solar cell using low-temperature surface passivation layer and antireflection coating 6. Advanced materials and nanosystems 7. Effect of nanostructure-materials on optical properties of some rare earth ions doped in silica matrix 8. Nd2Fe14B and SmCO5: a permanent magnet for magnetic data storage and data transfer technology 9. Visible light induced photocatalytic activity of MWCNTS decorated sulfide based nano photocatalysts 10. Organic solar cells 11. Neodymium doped lithium borosilicate glasses 12. Comprehensive quantum mechanical study of structural features, reactivity, molecular properties and wave function-based characteristics of capmatinib

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42

Walker, Stephen G., and Mark Schafer. Operational Code Theory: Beliefs and Foreign Policy Decisions. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.411.

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The process of foreign policy decision making is influenced in large part by beliefs, along with the strategic interaction between actors engendered by their decisions and the resulting political outcomes. In this context, beliefs encompass three kinds of effects: the mirroring effects associated with the decision making situation, the steering effects that arise from this situation, and the learning effects of feedback. These effects are modeled using operational code analysis, although “operational code theory” more accurately describes an alliance of attribution and schema theories from psychology and game theory from economics applied to the domain of politics. This “theory complex” specifies belief-based solutions to the puzzles posed by diagnostic, decision making, and learning processes in world politics. The major social and intellectual dimensions of operational code theory can be traced to Nathan Leites’s seminal research on the Bolshevik operational code, The Operational Code of the Politburo. In the last half of the twentieth century, applications of operational code analysis have emphasized different cognitive, emotional, and motivational mechanisms as intellectual dimensions in explaining foreign policy decisions. The literature on operational code theory may be divided into four general waves of research: idiographic-interpretive studies, nomothetic-typological studies, quantitative-statistical studies, and formal modeling studies. The present trajectory of studies on operational code points to a number of important trends that straddle political psychology and game theory. For example, the psychological processes of mirroring, steering, and learning associated with operational code analysis have the potential to enrich our understanding of game-theoretic models of strategic interaction.

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43

Harkness, Geoff. Changing Qatar. NYU Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479889075.001.0001.

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Qatar is the wealthiest country in the world—and one of the fastest growing. Its current population is five times larger than it was in 2000. Photos of the Arabian Gulf micronation from the 1980s show a few modest one-story buildings. Today, Qatar’s capital, Doha, is a modern petro-boomtown whose futuristic skyline features a phalanx of space-age skyscrapers. In 2022, Qatar will be the first Arab nation to host the FIFA World Cup. To prepare, Qatar’s government has imported more than one million low-wage workers to construct outdoor air-conditioned soccer stadiums, subway systems, and megahotels. Today, Qatari nationals represent only about 10 percent of their country’s population. Changing Qatar explores how citizenship and nationality are reshaped in these global processes. The nation’s dynastic ruling family assures its conservative Muslim citizenry that Qatar’s rapid modernization will take place alongside cultural preservation. In doing so, the leadership employs modern traditionalism, a flexible narrative framework in which customary and contemporary are strategically merged. Based on three years of immersive fieldwork and 130 revealing interviews, Changing Qatar goes beyond the slogans to examine how the people who inhabit Qatar are coming to terms with its ascent. The book demonstrates how Qataris and non-Qataris reaffirm—and challenge—traditions in many areas of everyday life, from dating and marriage to clothing and humor to gender and sports. A cultural study of citizenship, Changing Qatar delivers a richly detailed portrait of this rising Gulf nation that cannot be found elsewhere.

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44

Asai, H. Theoretical Study of THz Emission from HTS Cuprate. Edited by A. V. Narlikar. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198738169.013.9.

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This article examines the THz emission from high-temperature superconducting (HTS) cuprates in the mesoscopic state using the intrinsic Josephson junction model. Cuprate superconductors are high-temperature superconductors that exhibit exotic electromagnetic properties. One of the remarkable features of HTS cuprates is high anisotropy due to their layered structures. Almost all HTS cuprates are composed of stacks of CuO2 layers and blocking layers which supply charge carriers to the CuO2 layers. The crystal structures of the HTS cuprates naturally form Josephson junctions known as intrinsic Josephson junctions (IJJs). This article first describes the basic theory of IJJ and the mechanism of THz emission before discussing the effect of temperature inhomogeneity on the emission properties. It then introduces a novel IJJ-based THz emitter that utilizes laser heating. Theoretical results show that the THz emission is caused by the strong excitation of transverse Josephson plasma waves in IJJs under a direct current bias.

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45

Vail, Mark I. Economic Adjustment through Group Subsidization. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190683986.003.0004.

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This chapter analyzes how the German tradition of corporate liberalism has shaped policy outcomes in fiscal policy, labor-market policy, and financial regulation since the early 1990s. After German reunification and in the wake of the fiscal-policy strictures of the Maastricht Treaty, German authorities developed reform strategies designed to support economic growth, reduce unemployment, and modernize their financial systems. In so doing, they rejected neoliberal prescriptions in favor of policies that sheltered and subsidized core groups in their export-based growth model, in particular skilled workers and employers in export sectors, internationally competitive SMEs, and economically strategic financial institutions. In all three policy areas, reform trajectories of both Left and Right reflected corporate-liberal commitments to a supportive role for the state, the privileging of mesoeconomic policy instruments between macro and micro levels, and an emphasis on core groups as central political-economic constituencies, often at the expense of peripheral or unincorporated outsiders.

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46

Galderisi, Maurizio, and Sergio Mondillo. Assessment of diastolic function. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199599639.003.0009.

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Modern assessment of left ventricular (LV) diastolic function should be based on the estimation of degree of LV filling pressure (LVFP), which is the true determinant of symptoms/signs and prognosis in heart failure.In order to achieve this goal, standard Doppler assessment of mitral inflow pattern (E/A ratio, deceleration time, isovolumic relaxation time) should be combined with additional manoeuvres and/or ultrasound tools such as: ◆ Valsalva manoeuvre applied to mitral inflow pattern. ◆ Pulmonary venous flow pattern. ◆ Velocity flow propagation by colour M-mode. ◆ Pulsed wave tissue Doppler of mitral annuls (average of septal and lateral E′ velocity).In intermediate doubtful situations, the two-dimensional determination of left atrial (LA) volume can be diagnostic, since LA enlargement is associated with a chronic increase of LVFP in the absence of mitral valve disease and atrial fibrillation.Some new echocardiographic technologies, such as the speckle tracking-derived LV longitudinal strain and LV torsion, LA strain, and even the three-dimensional determination of LA volumes can be potentially useful to add further information. In particular, the reduction of LV longitudinal strain in patients with LV diastolic dysfunction and normal ejection fraction demonstrates that a subclinical impairment of LV systolic function already exists under these circumstances.

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47

Schatz, Sara, and Javier Jesús Gutiérrez-Rexach. Conceptual Structure and Social Change. Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc., 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400630040.

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Sociopolitical changes are often associated with ideological shifts at the individual and mass level. The study of how sociopolitical and ideological change interrelate has been the subject of debate for decades. Here, however, the authors develop and defend a new theory that treats ideologies as complex cognitive systems that are internally articulated around prioritized principles and values. Focusing on the transition to democracy in Latin America, the book examines the changes in mass beliefs that accompany democratization in an effort to offer a more sophisticated theory of the relationship between belief, ideology, and action in social change. Ultimately, the authors argue for a cognitive-based model that can account for how social actors come to define democracy in current contexts. Taking democratization as a case study, Conceptual Structure and Social Change focuses on third-wave transitions to democracy of the 1990s because they are evidence of very complex ideological changes and alignments. Using comparative survey data as a tool to track ideological shifts, several ideological uniformities are identified, such as the rise of a unified opposition, the paradoxical support of the masses to the authoritarian party in power, and the ideological shifts and strategies used by ruling and opposition elites to gain mass support. Viewing these changes as the mechanics of ideological systems in flux paves the way for a general theory of ideological change.

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48

Lumina, Iulia, ed. The Politics of Muslim Identities in Asia. Edinburgh University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474466837.001.0001.

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Approaching religious identity with an emphasis on agency and contestation, this book offers a multi-disciplinary perspective on the development of Muslim identities in Asia and examines the contingent politics that influence how Muslims constitute themselves as modern subjects. Through 9 country-based case studies, the book analyses how Muslims articulate their religious identity vis-à-vis the state and society in which they live and how their position relates to specific social and political contexts. The contributors survey the contemporary ways in which religious affiliation sparks a politics of difference in contexts where Islamic practices, beliefs and aspirations are contested, as well as where Muslims are framed as the ‘Other’. Key features • Gives a comparative view of Asia’s diverse Muslim identities, looking at the complexity of identity politics and the instrumentalisation of religious difference that create social divides • Situates the contemporary contestations of identity and belonging amid new waves of Islamic revivalism, ethnic nationalism and political repression • Includes 9 country-based case studies: Singapore, Malaysia, Pakistan, Indonesia, Bangladesh, Philippines, India, Myanmar and China • Features contributions from experts in political science, anthropology, Islamic studies, sociology including: Irfan Ahmad, Syed Imad Alatas, Nazry Bahrawi, Syafiq Hasyim, Imrul Islam, Nazneen Mohsina, Matthew J. Nelson, Nathan Gilbert Quimpo and Joanne Smith Finley

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49

Nothaft, C. Philipp E. Scandalous Error. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198799559.001.0001.

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The Gregorian calendar reform of 1582, which provides the basis for the present-day Western civil calendar, has often been portrayed as a triumph of early modern scientific culture and an expression of papal ambition in the wake of the Counter-Reformation. Much less attention has been paid to our calendar’s intellectual and material roots in the European Middle Ages, when the reckoning of time by means of calendrical cycles was a topic of central importance to education and learned culture. For centuries prior to the Gregorian reform, astronomers, mathematicians, theologians, and even Church councils had been debating the necessity of improving or emending the existing ecclesiastical calendar, which throughout the Middle Ages kept growing out of sync with the astronomical phenomena at an alarming pace. Scandalous Error uses a broad base of sources, many of them unpublished or previously unknown, to paint the first full-scale survey of the medieval debate surrounding the calendar and its astronomical underpinnings.

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50

Denemark, Robert A. World System History. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.367.

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World system history is a perspective on the global sociopolitical and economic system with a structural, long-term and transdisciplinary nature. The intellectual origins of the study of world system history can be characterized by three general trajectories, beginning with the work of global historians who have worked to write a “history of the world.” Attempts were also made by scholars such as Arnold Toynbee to write global history in terms of “civilizations”. A second pillar of world system history emerged from anthropology, when many historians of the ancient world, anthropologists, and archaeologists denied the importance of long-distance relations, especially those of trade. A third pillar emerged from the social sciences, including political science and sociology. One of the central ideas put forward was that sociopolitical and economic phenomena exhibited wave-like behavior. These various intellectual strands became self-consciously intertwined in the later 1980s and 1990s, when scholars from all of these traditions began to cross disciplinary boundaries and organize their own efforts under the rubric of world system history. This period saw Gunder Frank and Barry K. Gills questioning the value of identifying a uniquely modern system based on a transition to capitalism that was said to have occurred in the West. Frank and Gills introduced the “continuity hypothesis,” which suggests that too much scholarly emphasis has been placed on the search for and elucidation of discontinuities and transitions. World system history faces two important challenges from determinism and indeterminacy, and future research should especially address the implications of the latter.

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