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Статті в журналах з теми "Water resources management Singapore"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 1 лютого 2022

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1

Vincent, Lenouvel, Lafforgue Michel, Chevauché Catherine, and Rhétoré Pauline. "The energy cost of water independence: the case of Singapore." Water Science and Technology 70, no. 5 (June 26, 2014): 787–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2014.290.

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Finding alternative resources to secure or increase water availability is a key issue in most urban areas. This makes the research of alternative and local water resources of increasing importance. In the context of political tension with its main water provider (Malaysia), Singapore has been implementing a comprehensive water policy for some decades, which relies on water demand management and local water resource mobilisation in order to reach water self-sufficiency by 2060. The production of water from alternative resources through seawater desalination or water reclamation implies energy consumptive technologies such as reverse osmosis. In the context of increasing energy costs and high primary energy dependency, this water self-sufficiency objective is likely to be an important challenge for Singapore. The aim of this paper is to quantify the long-term impact of Singapore's water policy on the national electricity bill and to investigate the impact of Singapore's projects to reduce its water energy footprint. We estimate that 2.0% of the Singaporean electricity demand is already dedicated to water and wastewater treatment processes. If its water-energy footprint dramatically increases in the coming decades, ambitious research projects may buffer the energy cost of water self-sufficiency.

2

Peng, Cheng Yao, and Jie Zhang. "Addressing Urban Water Resource Scarcity in China from Water Resource Planning Experiences of Singapore." Advanced Materials Research 433-440 (January 2012): 1213–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.1213.

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The world wide water crisis we are facing nowadays is no longer how to acquire new water resource, but rather how to manage the available water resource. The water resource management practices in China are still under the guidance following conventional mindset and compliances. It was yet brought up to people’s attention that water resource planning is a crucial element of urban planning, not to mention the effort that should be spent in investigating and exploring the potential value of water to economy, esthetics and social development. This paper introduced the practices of Singapore government in managing its local water resources, i.e. recovery of the polluted water environment in its early years, integrated planning of catchment and reservoirs for stormwater storage, acquiring new resource to supplement and replacing conventional water resource, establishing public outreach network for water demand management and water resource protection, adopting water sensitive urban design to rediscover the added value of water resource to urban development, etc. By reviewing the mechanism of Singapore’s practices on sustainable planning, the existing urban water resources shortage situation in China would be addressed and suggestion for urban water resource sustainable planning and use would also be given.

3

Jin, Chun Jiu, Hai Feng Lu, Yi Zhang, Ajay Kumar Jha, and Shu Li Liu. "Study on Advanced Management of Water Resource." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 1046–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.1046.

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This work introduced water resource management of some developed countries such as the USA, Australia, Japan, Germany, France, etc. The countries developed individual water resources management models based on their own conditions. In America, a coordinative mode between region and river basin was formed. The Japanese muti-flood control mode which clarified the responsibilities of the administration and local government enhanced the management. Singapore owns a unique management mode, which effectively guaranteed the implementation of water resource management. This work offers references to the formation of water resource management modes suitable for different countries.

4

Xi, Xi, and Kim Leng Poh. "Using System Dynamics for Sustainable Water Resources Management in Singapore." Procedia Computer Science 16 (2013): 157–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2013.01.017.

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5

Michele Y.C. Chew, Chihiro Watanabe, and Yuji Tou. "Technology Leapfrogging: Findings from Singapore's Water Industry." Journal of Technology Management for Growing Economies 1, no. 2 (October 25, 2010): 29–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15415/jtmge.2010.12011.

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This paper illustrates Singapore’s strategy in catching up with global water treatment nations. Water is an important economic resource for Singapore, creating value-added jobs and stimulating research and development in various related technology trajectories. The analysis shows that from a nation lacking in competence in the water industry, Singapore has successfully transformed herself into a global hydrohub, exporting indigenous capabilities and offering consultancy for water projects. With long-term government policies and funding support for initial R&D and subsequent industry R&D inducement by means of the introduction of Public-Private Partnership (PPP) programme, Singapore has been able to build up her competence in waste water treatment. This is probably the first paper that analyses the development of the water industry in Singapore from the management of technology and policy perspectives.

6

Jensen, Olivia, and Sreeja Nair. "Integrated Urban Water Management and Water Security: A Comparison of Singapore and Hong Kong." Water 11, no. 4 (April 16, 2019): 785. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11040785.

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Integrated Urban Water Management (IUWM) has emerged in the past two decades as a promising approach to the application of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) principles at the city-level. IUWM is expected to contribute to the achievement of multiple policy objectives, often including increased water security. This paper uses a case-based approach to study the impact of IUWM on water security, focusing on the influence of the level of institutionalization of IUWM within water governance at the city-level. Process tracing is applied to the cases of Singapore and Hong Kong, in which IUWM has been adopted but implementation and outcomes have diverged. We find that the depth of institutionalization, a difference between the two cases identified at the outset, has contributed to the achievement of better water security outcomes in Singapore as it has facilitated the development and implementation of a more far-reaching strategy. A supportive governance framework appears to amplify the impact of IUWM on progress towards water security and other policy targets.

7

Chen, Deh Chien, Cedo Maksimovic, and Nikolaos Voulvoulis. "Institutional capacity and policy options for integrated urban water management: a Singapore case study." Water Policy 13, no. 1 (January 14, 2011): 53–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2010.073.

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Singapore is an exemplary model of integrated water management, according to the World Health Organization, and its experiences can be shared with others. Water security is not just the government's responsibility but has become everyone's business. Singapore has been selected as a case study for integrated urban water management (IUWM), and the methodologies used in Singapore, a developed city state, may be applicable elsewhere. An integrated regulatory framework, sound policies to control and implement programmes, public-private partnership in water services delivery, and stakeholder participation at all levels are necessary to make integrated water resource management successful. This paper demonstrates how Singapore has successfully turned its vulnerability with regard to water into a strength. Singapore can achieve greater sustainability if it promotes rooftop rainwater harvesting as a decentralized, dual-mode water supply system for non-potable use.

8

Chintraruck, Alin. "Contemporary Water Management Issues in Thailand in Comparative Perspective." Journal of Social and Development Sciences 4, no. 5 (May 30, 2013): 218–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jsds.v4i5.755.

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Water management is a complex and multifarious issue that joins together a wide range of different problems and approaches. Since water is essential to human life, governments must make efforts to ensure that everyone receives the water necessary but, at the same time, they have to wrestle with the fact that water is a scarce resource that must be priced for consumption under conditions of constantly increasing demand from cities, industry, agriculture and tourism. Examination of three case studies, Australia, Singapore and Japan, indicates that contemporary water management issue may be considered in a number of categories and analysis has taken place on four such categories. These are global climate change, disaster mitigation, political and legal modernization and allocation of water resources. The case studies inform the discussion of water management practices and prospects for Thailand and it is shown that the country is progressing towards the examples represented by the more developed and advanced countries insofar as it is ever possible to import a water management solution into the very specific geographical, hydrological, social, political and cultural conditions in effect in a specific location.

9

Zhang, Stephen X., and Vladan Babovic. "A real options approach to the design and architecture of water supply systems using innovative water technologies under uncertainty." Journal of Hydroinformatics 14, no. 1 (April 12, 2011): 13–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2011.078.

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Water supply has become a priority for developed and developing nations of the world. Conventional water resources alone cannot meet the growing demand for water in urban cities. Management of the problem is amplified by uncertainty associated with different development strategies. Singapore has limited conventional water resources and progressively architects its water supply system through acquiring and sustaining multiple (alternative) water resources through innovative technologies. The full rationale and merits of such a policy cannot be properly understood based on traditional project valuation methods alone. This paper provides decision support using a real options approach by evaluating innovative water technologies from multiple perspectives under uncertainty. This paper demonstrates that incorporating innovative water technologies into water supply systems can concurrently improve water supply from the financial, political and socioeconomic perspectives. The development of innovative water technologies provides flexibility to the water supply system, and is a fundamental and effective means of risk management. The evaluation of innovative water technologies is based on an integrated real options approach, which provides decision support for architecting water supply systems under uncertainty. The approach gives specific tangible values for the water technologies and complements the general prescriptive Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) framework.

10

Vanham, D. "How much water do we really use? A case study of the city state of Singapore." Water Supply 11, no. 2 (April 1, 2011): 219–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2011.043.

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The observed and predicted increase in urban population in the world is creating and will further create severe stress on existing water infrastructures and available water resources. Singapore's population has increased from about 1 million people in the 1950s to almost 5 million currently. The city state has invested massively in a sustainable water supply system, and is regarded by many as a role model for future cities with respect to this topic. Solutions like water reuse, desalination and water demand management have already been implemented. However, city dwellers use much more additional water in the form of virtual water. Their actual water footprint is much higher than only domestic water. Water required for the generation of agricultural and industrial products are imported to cities, and can put a heavy burden on water resources in surrounding and even distant (rural) regions. The city state provides a unique opportunity to analyse virtual water consumption for a city, as required statistical data are available through the national Department of Statistics. For other cities such detailed data are rarely available. Mostly these data are only provided on a national level. This analysis provides a quantification of the actual water use of a future city. The paper describes whether the consumption of agricultural products (in the sense of water for food) is also sustainable in Singapore. The agricultural products that contribute largely to the total water footprint of Singapore – wheat, rice, livestock products and cotton–are analysed and discussed in detail. A sustainable city of the future should account for its impacts beyond its borders. Whether the world can provide for the water and food for an increasing population highly depends on consumption patterns within future cities.

11

Hu, Lovelock, Ying, and Mager. "Stakeholder Collaboration on Policymaking for Sustainable Water Management in Singapore’s Hotel Sector: A Network Analysis." Sustainability 11, no. 8 (April 19, 2019): 2360. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11082360.

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Stakeholder collaboration has become a critical issue in sustainable tourism policy due to the increasing complexity and interdisciplinary nature of the domain. Policymaking should reflect tourism values through a dynamic system in which stakeholders come to a consensus on sustainability issues via ongoing interactive engagement. Taking Singapore’s hotel sector as a case, this study explores how stakeholder relationships contribute to participatory policymaking on sustainable water management. Based on a survey of 33 relevant organisations, this research applies network analysis to investigate stakeholder collaboration within this policy domain. While the policymaking process is derived from a complex web of actors and their formal and informal interactions, the national water agency of Singapore and some private businesses were found to be centrally located in the policy network. The aforementioned government body is also perceived to hold the greatest legitimacy, power, and urgency over others in the policy domain. Central stakeholders were found to play an important “bridging” role in terms of the interconnectedness of policy actors across boundaries of the public, private, and third sectors. These prominent political and industry players were also likely to exert control over the policymaking process and access to important resources based on their favourable network positions.

12

Aziz, M. A. "Solid Waste Management: Recovery of Energy and Useful Materials." Water Science and Technology 20, no. 10 (October 1, 1988): 211–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1988.0139.

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Solid waste is a valuable resource. If managed properly, it can be an endless source of energy and useful materials. In this paper, the author highlights the salient features of solid waste management systems for producing energy and useful building materials with special reference to Singapore and some other Southeast Asian countries.

13

Huseien, Ghasan Fahim, and Kwok Wei Shah. "Potential Applications of 5G Network Technology for Climate Change Control: A Scoping Review of Singapore." Sustainability 13, no. 17 (August 30, 2021): 9720. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13179720.

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Climate change is one of the most challenging problems that humanity has ever faced. With the rapid development in technology, a key feature of 5G networks is the increased level of connectivity between everyday objects, facilitated by faster internet speeds with smart facilities indicative of the forthcoming 5G-driven revolution in Internet of Things (IoT). This study revisited the benefits of 5G network technologies to enhance the efficiency of the smart city and minimize climate change impacts in Singapore, thus creating a clean environment for healthy living. Results revealed that the smart management of energy, wastes, water resources, agricultures, risk factors, and the economy adopted in Singapore can remarkably contribute to reducing climate change, thus attaining the sustainability goals. Hence, future studies on cost-effective design and implementation are essential to increase the focus on the smart city concept globally.

14

Xi, Xi, and Kim Leng Poh. "A Novel Integrated Decision Support Tool for Sustainable Water Resources Management in Singapore: Synergies Between System Dynamics and Analytic Hierarchy Process." Water Resources Management 29, no. 4 (November 18, 2014): 1329–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11269-014-0876-8.

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15

Michele Y.C. Chew, Chihiro Watanabe, and Yuji Tou. "Vibrant Eco-system Creation for Sustainability: A Lesson from Singapore's Water Industry." Journal of Technology Management for Growing Economies 2, no. 1 (April 25, 2011): 61–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15415/jtmge.2011.21004.

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Through a stepwise national strategy of importing technology, building indigenous capabilities through learning and assimilating imported technology to exporting the indigenous capabilities, Singapore has successfully caught up with the nations that are advanced in the technologies related to water treatment. From the macro-numerical phenomenon observed, this paper aims to provide both qualitative and quantitative evidences of this co-evolutionary dynamism between innovation and institutional systems. Realising the issue as a comprehensive technology chain and its substitution for traditional resources, sophisticated combination of government stimulation and industry participation leading to a Global Hydrohub has induced world leading-edge innovation involvement. Such a vibrant eco-system aiming at overcoming the constraints for sustainable growth can be applied not only to water management but also to energy and climate change issues. Policy makers in emerging economies can adapt the successful practices and note the pitfalls in establishing the vibrant eco-system that is essential for sustainable environmental solutions for their economies.

16

Wu, Shuanglei, Sarina Huang, Yongping Wei, Colin Duffield, Wenzhe Tang, Yan Zhao, and Hang Zheng. "A longitudinal analysis on the perspectives of major world newspapers on the Three Gorges Dam project during 1982–2015." Water Supply 18, no. 1 (May 31, 2017): 94–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2017.088.

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Abstract Media communications are least studied in river basin development projects. This paper aims to develop a longitudinal study on how a water resources development megaproject was reported by the world newspapers during its whole life cycle. The development of the Three Gorges Dam project in China (1982–2015) was taken as an example. Newspaper perspectives on eight evaluation themes: time, cost, quality, risk, benefit, social impact, environmental impact, and organization management were extracted from eight newspapers in the UK, the USA, Australia, and Singapore using a content analysis approach. The results show that the media coverage mainly appeared in the construction phase, with peak reporting times occurring in transition periods. Social and environmental aspects were the main concerns of the eight selected newspapers. The tone of the news coverage on the Three Gorges Dam was generally negative. These findings implied that media communications provide valuable insights into the social and environmental complexities of megaprojects in river basin development.

17

Chuah, C. Joon, Beatrice H. Ho, and Winston T. L. Chow. "Trans-boundary variations of urban drought vulnerability and its impact on water resource management in Singapore and Johor, Malaysia." Environmental Research Letters 13, no. 7 (June 28, 2018): 074011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aacad8.

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18

Tao, Guihe, Bala Viswanath, Kiran Kekre, Lai Yoke Lee, How Yong Ng, Say Leong Ong, and Harry Seah. "RO brine treatment and recovery by biological activated carbon and capacitive deionization process." Water Science and Technology 64, no. 1 (July 1, 2011): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.604.

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The generation of brine solutions from dense membrane (reverse osmosis, RO or nanofiltration, NF) water reclamation systems has been increasing worldwide, and the lack of cost effective disposal options is becoming a critical water resources management issue. In Singapore, NEWater is the product of a multiple barrier water reclamation process from secondary treated domestic effluent using MF/UF-RO and UV technologies. The RO brine (concentrates) accounts for more than 20% of the total flow treated. To increase the water recovery and treat the RO brine, a CDI based process with BAC as pretreatment was tested. The results show that ion concentrations in CDI product were low except SiO2 when compared with RO feed water. CDI product was passed through a RO and the RO permeate was of better quality including low SiO2 as compared to NEWater quality. It could be beneficial to use a dedicated RO operated at optimum conditions with better performance to recover the water. BAC was able to achieve 15–27% TOC removal of RO brine. CDI had been tested at a water recovery ranging from 71.6 to 92.3%. CDI based RO brine treatment could improve overall water recovery of NEWater production over 90%. It was found that calcium phosphate scaling and organic fouling was the major cause of CDI pressure increase. Ozone disinfection and sodium bisulfite dosing were able to reduce CDI fouling rate. For sustainable operation of CDI organic fouling control and effective organic fouling cleaning should be further studied.

19

Ng, Tze Ling. "Cost comparison of seawater for toilet flushing and wastewater recycling." Water Policy 17, no. 1 (June 30, 2014): 83–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2014.045.

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As freshwater resources are becoming increasingly scarce, unconventional sources of water should be given new consideration. In coastal cities, seawater, with minimal treatment, can be used for toilet flushing, reducing the demand for freshwater. Currently, it is practised on a large scale only in Hong Kong. This study estimates the cost of seawater flushing and compares it to the cost of wastewater recycling for 15 major coastal cities around the world: Buenos Aires, Chennai, Hong Kong, Jakarta, Karachi, Los Angeles, Miami, Mumbai, New York City, Osaka, San Francisco, Shanghai, Singapore, Sydney and Tokyo. While seawater flushing requires a separate network of mains and, therefore, a greater capital cost, wastewater recycling has a higher ongoing treatment cost. Wastewater recycling, depending on the potability of the recycled water, may also require a separate network of mains, but one with a lower maintenance cost due to its lower vulnerability to corrosion compared to seawater mains. This study finds Chennai, Mumbai and Shanghai to have strong potentials for seawater flushing. That these cities have among the highest population densities in the world and are in the developing world explains their relatively lower unit costs for seawater mains.

20

Cao, Y. S., J. G. Tang, M. Henze, X. P. Yang, Y. P. Gan, J. Li, H. Kroiss, M. C. M. van Loosdrecht, Y. Zhang, and G. T. Daigger. "The leakage of sewer systems and the impact on the ‘black and odorous water bodies’ and WWTPs in China." Water Science and Technology 79, no. 2 (January 15, 2019): 334–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2019.051.

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Abstract China has achieved significant progress on wastewater treatment and aquatic environmental protection. However, leakage (in- and exfiltration) of sewer systems is still an issue. By using the statistical data of water and wastewater in 2016 in China, and the person loads (PLs) of water and wastewater in Singapore, the leakage fractions of hydraulic flow, organic carbon (COD), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) mass loading, and in-sewer COD biological removal in the sewer systems of China (except Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan), Shanghai, Guangzhou and Beijing were reported for the first time. The fractions of hydraulic flow infiltration (13%, Shanghai and Guangzhou) and exfiltration (39%, China) were calculated. Except Beijing, whose sewer networks are under appropriate management with small leakage fractions, the exfiltration fractions of COD (including in-sewer biological COD removal) ranged from 41% (Shanghai) to 66% (China) and averaged 55%; N ranged from 18% (Shanghai) to 48% (China) and averaged 33%; and P ranged from 23% (Shanghai and Guangzhou) to 44% (China) and averaged 30%. The exfiltrated sewage, COD, N and P not only wastes resources, but also contaminates the aquatic environment (especially groundwater) and contributes to ‘black and odorous water bodies’. In- and exfiltration in the sewer network leads to low influent COD concentration, C/N ratio and high inorganic solids and inert particulate COD concentrations of many municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) causing high cost for nutrient removal, poor resource recovery, additional reactor/settler volume requirement and other operational problems. Therefore, tackling sewer leakage is of primary importance to today's environment in China. Recommendations for the inspection of sewer systems and the rehabilitation of damaged sewers as well as the development of design and operation guidelines of municipal WWTPs tailored to the specific local sewage characteristics and other conditions are proposed.

21

Aghili, Nasim, and Mehdi Amirkhani. "SEM-PLS Approach to Green Building." Encyclopedia 1, no. 2 (June 18, 2021): 472–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia1020039.

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Green buildings refer to buildings that decrease adverse environmental effects and maintain natural resources. They can diminish energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, the usage of non-renewable materials, water consumption, and waste generation while improving occupants’ health and well-being. As such, several rating tools and benchmarks have been developed worldwide to assess green building performance (GBP), including the Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM) in the United Kingdom, German Sustainable Building Council (DGNB), Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) in the United States and Canada, Comprehensive Assessment System for Built Environment Efficiency (CASBEE) in Japan, Green Star in Australia, Green Mark in Singapore, and Green Building Index in Malaysia. Energy management (EM) during building operation could also improve GBP. One of the best approaches to evaluating the impact of EM on GBP is by using structural equation modelling (SEM). SEM is a commanding statistical method to model testing. One of the most used SEM variance-based approaches is partial least squares (PLS), which can be implemented in the SmartPLS application. PLS-SEM uses path coefficients to determine the strength and significance of the hypothesised relationships between the latent constructs.

22

Usher, Michael B. "Wildlife Resources and Economic Development, by S.K. Eltringham. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester–New York–Brisbane–Toronto–Singapore: xiv + 325 pp., illustr., 23.5 × 15.5 × 2.3 cm, £24.50, 1985." Environmental Conservation 13, no. 2 (1986): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900037073.

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23

Yang, Shu-Qing. "Potential water resources in Singapore." Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua 52, no. 6 (September 2003): 425–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2003.0039.

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24

Usher, Michael B. "Ecology of Natural Resources, by François Ramade (translated by W.J. Duffin). John Wiley & Sons, Chichester–New York–Brisbane–Toronto–Singapore: xiv + 231 pp., illustr., 20 × 29 × 1.4 cm, £14.95 (paperback), 1984." Environmental Conservation 13, no. 2 (1986): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s037689290003705x.

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25

Tortajada, Cecilia. "Water Management in Singapore." International Journal of Water Resources Development 22, no. 2 (June 2006): 227–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07900620600691944.

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26

Charlier, Roger H. "Seaweed Resources in Europe: Uses and Potential, Edited by M.D. Guiry & G. Blunden. J. Wiley & Sons, Chichester, New York, Brisbane, Toronto, Singapore: xii + 432 pp., 121 illustrations, 51 tables, 23.5 × 15.5 × 2.4 cm, £53, 1992." Environmental Conservation 21, no. 2 (1994): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900024851.

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27

K, VENUGOPAL. "Water Resources Management." International Journal on Design and Manufacturing Technologies 1, no. 1 (2007): 60–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.18000/ijodam.70011.

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28

Luan, Ivy Ong Bee. "Singapore Water Management Policies and Practices." International Journal of Water Resources Development 26, no. 1 (January 22, 2010): 65–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07900620903392190.

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29

Ako, Andrew Ako, Gloria Eneke Takem Eyong, and George Elambo Nkeng. "Water Resources Management and Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) in Cameroon." Water Resources Management 24, no. 5 (July 21, 2009): 871–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11269-009-9476-4.

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30

Maia, Glauco, Jorge Xavier da Silva, and Tiago Marino. "Water resources management plan." Boletim do Observatório Ambiental Alberto Ribeiro Lamego 4, no. 2 (2010): 173–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/2177-4560.20100018.

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31

Loucks, Daniel P. "Sustainable Water Resources Management." Water International 25, no. 1 (March 2000): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02508060008686793.

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32

Loucks, Daniel P., Eugene Z. Stakhiv, and Lynn R. Martin. "SUSTAINABLE WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT." Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 126, no. 2 (March 2000): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9496(2000)126:2(43).

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33

Malano, Hector M., Michael J. Bryant, and Hugh N. Turral. "Management of Water Resources." Water International 24, no. 4 (December 1999): 307–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02508069908692182.

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34

Stålnacke, Per, and Geoffrey D. Gooch. "Integrated Water Resources Management." Irrigation and Drainage Systems 24, no. 3-4 (December 2010): 155–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10795-010-9106-6.

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35

Harley, Brendan M., and Yap Kheng Guan. "Holistic Water Management Creates Valued Urban Water Assets in Singapore." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2010, no. 2 (January 1, 2010): 928–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864710798285723.

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36

Katusiime, Juliet, and Brigitta Schütt. "Integrated Water Resources Management Approaches to Improve Water Resources Governance." Water 12, no. 12 (December 5, 2020): 3424. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12123424.

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The water crisis can alternatively be called a governance crisis. Thus, the demand for good water governance to ensure effective water resources management and to attain specific water goals is growing. Many countries subscribe to the Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) approach to achieve this goal. The Integrated Water Resources Management approach aims to ensure a process that promotes the coordinated development and management of water, land, and related resources in a drainage basin to maximise economic and social welfare equitably without compromising the sustainability of vital ecosystems. The design of the Integrated Water Resources Management approach, including its pillars and principles, aspires to good water governance and effective resource management. However, empirical studies examining this hypothesis and analysing the impact of the Integrated Water Resources Management approach on water resources governance are limited, especially in developing countries. Therefore, we characterised and compared the water resources governance aspects of two catchments in Uganda’s Lake Albert basin. One of the catchments was exposed to integrated water resources management projects, while the other had no exposure to integrated water resources management projects. Some of the factors that supported the comparability of the two sites included spatial proximity linking into a related hydrological and social-economic setup, common water needs and belonging to the same water administration zone. Comparing both areas led us to analyse whether there was a difference in water resources governance actions, as well as in the quality of water resources governance, under the same overall water management and administrative zone. The data were based on field surveys using questionnaires and information guides in both catchments. The results show that the performance of water resources governance is markedly better in the catchment with Integrated Water Resources Management practices than the base catchment unaffected by these practices. Key themes examined include water resources governance styles, water resources governance systems presence, functionality, the performance of good governance principles, and water resources management effectiveness. The findings contribute to the aspirations for the promotion of integrated water management approaches for improved water resources governance, and the concept that the effectiveness of water resources management measures depends on governance effectiveness. Water governance is significant, as it spells out the power, rights, decisions, and priorities relating to given water resources and communities.

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Tortajada, Cecilia, and Yugal K. Joshi. "Water Demand Management in Singapore: Involving the Public." Water Resources Management 27, no. 8 (March 2, 2013): 2729–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11269-013-0312-5.

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38

Kerk, See Gim, Naveed UL Hassan, and Chau Yuen. "Smart Distribution Boards (Smart DB), Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) for Load Device Appliance Signature Identification and Smart Sockets for Grid Demand Management." Sensors 20, no. 10 (May 20, 2020): 2900. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20102900.

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Traditionally, the choices to balance the grid and meet its peaking power needs are by installing more spinning reserves or perform load shedding when it becomes too much. This problem becomes worse as more intermittent renewable energy resources are installed, forming a substantial amount of total capacity. Advancements in Energy Storage System (ESS) provides the utility new ways to balance the grid and to meet its peak demand by storing un-used off peak energy for peak usage. Large sized ESS—mega watt (MW) level—are installed by different utilities at their substations to provide the high speed grid stabilization to balance the grid to avoid installing more capacity or triggering any current load shedding schemes. However, such large sized ESS systems and their required inverters are costly to install, require much space and their efficacy could also be limited due to network fault current limits and impedances. In this paper, we propose a novel approach and trial for 3000+ homes in Singapore of achieving a large capacity of demand management by developing a smart distribution board (DB) in each home with the high speed metering sensors (>6 kHz sampling rate) and non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) algorithm, that can assist home users to perform the load/appliance profile identification with daily usage patterns and allow targeted load interruption using the smart sockets/plugs provided. By allowing load shedding at device or appliance level, while knowing their usage profile and preferences, this can allow such an approach to become part of a new voluntary interruptible load management system (ILMS) that requires little user intervention, while minimizing disruption to them, allowing ease of mass participation and thus achieving the intended MW demand management capacities for the grid. This allows for a more cost effective way to better balance the grid without the need for generation capacity growth, large ESS investment while improving the way to perform load shedding without disruptions to entire districts. Simply, home users can now know and participate with the grid in interruptible load (IL) schemes to target specific home appliance, such as water heaters or air conditioning, allowing interruptions during certain times of the day, instead of the entire house, albeit with the right incentives. This allows utilities to achieve MW capacity load shedding with millions of appliances with their preferences, and most importantly, with minimal disruptions to their consumers quality of life. In our paper, we will also consider coupling a small sized Home Energy Storage System (HESS) to amplify the demand management capacity. The proposed approach does not require any infrastructure or wiring changes and is highly scalable. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the NILM algorithm and achieving high capacity grid demand management. This approach of taking user preferences for appliance level load shedding was developed from the results of a survey of 500 households that indicates >95% participation if they were able to control their choices, possibly allowing this design to be the most successful demand management program than any large ESS solution for the utility. The proposed system has the ability to operate in centralized as part of a larger Energy Management System (EMS) Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) that decide what to dispatch as well as in autonomous modes making it simpler to manage than any MW level large ESS setup. With the availability of high-speed sampling at the DB level, it can rely on EMS SCADA dispatch or when disconnected, rely on the decaying of the grid frequency measured at the metering point in the Smart DB. Our simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed approach for fast grid balancing.

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Stevović, Svetlana, Žarko Nestorović, and Mitar Lutovac. "Water management and sustainability of water resources." Water Supply 18, no. 3 (August 18, 2017): 976–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2017.163.

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Abstract As a limited resource, especially under market conditions, water should be managed at the highest level of efficiency. This approach, however, leads to a conflict with the sustainability principle. At the basic level it could be defined as a question: ‘Is the market eager to pay the sustainability cost?’ If it is, then the cost of sustainability shall be determined and explicated in the price of water unit delivered to the customer. If not, sustainability is then jeopardized. The solution to this conflict may be a test from a responsible aspect for the current generation towards water resources. This paper aims to research the management of water resources methods from the aspect of sustainability under the conditions of uncompleted and uncertain information. In this paper, the model for water resources availability forecasting is analysed from the aspect of different influences.

40

Deng, Xiangzheng, R. B. Singh, Junguo Liu, and Burak Güneralp. "Water productivity and integrated water resources management." Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C 96 (December 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2016.11.002.

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41

Paul, David H. "Conserving Water Resources Through Integrated Water Management." Water International 14, no. 4 (January 1989): 193–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02508068908692105.

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42

Wang, Yuzhen, John Kwong Ho, and Jessie Lu. "Water resources and environmental management." Journal of Water and Climate Change 10, no. 2 (May 31, 2019): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2019.000.

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43

Dooge, J. C. I. "Future management of water resources." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Water and Maritime Engineering 154, no. 3 (September 2002): 229–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/wame.2002.154.3.229.

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44

Dooge, J. C. I. "Future management of water resources." Maritime Engineering 154, no. 3 (September 2002): 229–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/maen.154.3.229.38718.

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45

Slooff, Rudi. "Towards healthier water resources management." Waterlines 9, no. 2 (October 1990): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/0262-8104.1990.030.

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46

Day, St John. "Community-based water resources management." Waterlines 28, no. 1 (January 2009): 47–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/1756-3488.2009.005.

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47

Dooge, J. C. I. "Future management of water resources." Water Management 154, no. 3 (September 2002): 229–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/wama.154.3.229.38725.

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48

Rogers, Peter. "Integrated urban water resources management." Natural Resources Forum 17, no. 1 (February 1993): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-8947.1993.tb00158.x.

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49

Zolghadr-Asli, Babak, Omid Bozorg-Haddad, and Hugo A. Loáiciga. "Unionism and Water Resources Management." Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering 143, no. 4 (April 2017): 02516003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)ir.1943-4774.0001151.

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50

Ashour, M. A., S. T. El Attar, Y. M. Rafaat, and M. N. Mohamed. "WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN EGYPT." JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences 37, no. 2 (March 1, 2009): 269–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jesaun.2009.121215.

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