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Готові списки джерел за темами / Water quality management / Статті в журналах

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Статті в журналах з теми "Water quality management"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 31 липня 2024

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1

Novotny, Vladimir. "Integrated water quality management." Water Science and Technology 33, no. 4-5 (February 1, 1996): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0480.

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Components of the integrated water quality management and planning process are described. The process is initiated by the Use Attainability Analysis (UAA) in which the ambient water quality-use based standards are justified and/or modified for the water body for which water quality management is being considered. The UAA has three components: (1) Water Body Assessment, (2) The Total Maximal Daily Load (TMDL) Process, and (3) Socio-economic Analysis. The first component identifies whether the receiving water body and watershed have a water quality problem and, subsequently, separates such water bodies into those where the water quality problem is caused by natural loads or conditions and those where man-made pollution inputs cause unacceptable water quality deterioration. The TMDL process separates water bodies into those for which water quality goals can be achieved by present and future mandated abatement of point and nonpoint sources (effluent limited water bodies) and those mandated abatement will not achieve the water quality goals (water quality limited water bodies). Extensive water quality management and expenditure of public funds is justified for the latter cases. Watersheds and receiving water bodies which are adversely affected predominantly by nonpoint (unregulated) discharges are declared as impaired and should be managed. Both reduction of waste discharges and enhancement of waste assimilative capacity-habitat restoration of the receiving water body should be considered in management of water quality limited receiving waterbodies.

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2

Kauffmann, Céline. "Financing Water Quality Management." International Journal of Water Resources Development 27, no. 1 (February 6, 2011): 83–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07900627.2010.531377.

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3

Gross, Andrew Charles. "Water quality management worldwide." Environmental Management 10, no. 1 (January 1986): 25–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01866415.

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4

Caquard, Sébastien. "Water Quality Mapping for Water Management." Cartographic Perspectives, no. 32 (March 1, 1999): 29–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp32.626.

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This paper explores how maps can support water quality management as part of a common project between a water management organization (Service Départementale de L’eau du Conseil Général de Haute-Loire - France) and a research laboratory (Centre de Recherche sur l’Environnement et l’Aménagement - Université de Saint-Etienne - France). Visualization tools are proposed to bring together the different stakeholders in the negotiation process for water management. Two fundamental questions are examined here: (1) how do we communicate the different water quality information to the various stakeholders to improve their awareness of the environment; and (2) how could we evaluate the effectiveness of a cartographic visualization system in the process of negotiation between different stakeholders. Alternative methods are proposed here to present and evaluate water quality information in the form of maps.

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5

R K Patwari, Narkhede. "Water Resource Management and Water Quality Analysis in Udgir: A Semiarid Region Perspective." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 12, no. 8 (August 5, 2023): 1498–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/sr23815160611.

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6

Daliri, Mohammad, Andrea Margarita Lira Loarca, Giulia Cremonini, Francesco De Leo, Laura Curtrone, Anna Reboa, Marco Capello, Alessandro Stocchino, and Giovanni Besio. "HYDRODYNAMIC AND WATER QUALITY MODELING OF GENOVA HARBOR." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 37 (September 1, 2023): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v37.management.80.

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A contaminant is a chemical or biological substance in a concentration that can potentially cause adverse effects on the physical, chemical, or biological properties of a water body. Contamination of surface water bodies poses serious risks to both aquatic ecosystems and human health. In this respect, hydrodynamic modeling is an essential method to study scenarios for hydroenvironmental problems, such as the impact of marine pollutants in coastal areas. In the framework of the Interreg Italy-France Maritime Cooperation Project Wastewater Management for the improvement of the harbor water quality, GEREMIA, this study numerically implements such a concept on Genova (Italy) harbor using a world-leading 3D modeling suite, Delft3D to investigate the hydrodynamics and transport process within these ports.

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7

Isaji, C. "Integrated water quality management for drinking water of good quality." Water Science and Technology 47, no. 9 (May 1, 2003): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0482.

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The Nagoya Waterworks and Sewerage Bureau has developed original supporting tools for the systematic and cost-effective management of problem solving. An environmental information map and prediction of pollutant reaching are used for rapid and appropriate proper countermeasures against water quality accidents in the source area. In disinfection byproduct control a method for estimating trihalomethane (THM) contents was effective for the complement of their observations. Surrogate indicators such as turbidity and conductivity that could be measured continuously also could complement water quality items measured monthly. A processing tool of voluminous data was practical for rapid judgment of water quality. Systematic monitoring was established for stricter turbidity control for measures against Cryptosporidium and keeping residual chlorine stable in the service area.

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8

House, M. A., and D. H. Newsome. "Water Quality Indices for the Management of Surface Water Quality." Water Science and Technology 21, no. 10-11 (October 1, 1989): 1137–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1989.0314.

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The need for a simple, objective and reproducible numeric scale to represent water quality in terms that all types of user will accept has been apparent for the last twenty years. Subjective classifications of water quality have been made, but they are seldom reproducible and lack sensitivity. Now, a new family of water quality indices has been developed that can be used either independently or in combination which promise to overcome previous criticisms. They are currently being used by a UK water authority to assess their utility to personnel responsible for both the planning and day-to-day management of surface water quality.

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9

Strock, J. S., P. J. A. Kleinman, K. W. King, and J. A. Delgado. "Drainage water management for water quality protection." Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 65, no. 6 (November 1, 2010): 131A—136A. http://dx.doi.org/10.2489/jswc.65.6.131a.

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10

Verworner, Bengt, Walter Stinner, and Mathias Stur. "Water Plant Management for Improved Water Quality." WASSERWIRTSCHAFT 112, S1 (May 2022): 56–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s35147-022-1053-2.

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11

Extence, C. A., A. J. Bates, W. J. Forbes, and P. J. Barham. "Biologically based water quality management." Environmental Pollution 45, no. 3 (1987): 221–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0269-7491(87)90059-5.

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12

Abdel-Dayem, Safwat. "Water Quality Management in Egypt." International Journal of Water Resources Development 27, no. 1 (February 6, 2011): 181–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07900627.2010.531522.

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13

Shen, Dajun. "Water Quality Management in China." International Journal of Water Resources Development 28, no. 2 (June 2012): 281–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07900627.2012.669079.

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14

Asano, Takashi. "Water Quality Management in California." Water International 12, no. 3 (January 1987): 124–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02508068708686602.

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15

Soltau, Felix, Sebastian Niehüser, and Jürgen Jensen. "CHALLENGES IN AUTOMATION OF QUALITY CONTROL FOR TIDE GAUGE DATA." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 37 (October 2, 2023): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v37.management.169.

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Tide gauges provide important water level data for navigation, port management, coastal protection strategies, ecological adaptation measures, or climate change assessments. For these tasks, a reliable availability and high quality of the data is crucial. However, water level data from tide gauges contain technical errors as well as anthropogenic and natural influences. For the German North Sea coast and estuaries, resulting water level anomalies are partially detected and corrected manually by qualified personnel and further considered by individual subsequent users of that data. Figure 1 shows an example of such a correction of water level anomalies around tidal low water from tide gauge data at Husum, Germany, in 2016. In general, manual quality control leads to different handlings and thus incomparable results. Consequently, a uniform and automated pre-processing is needed for tide gauge data in Germany in order to detect, correct, and classify anomalies ideally in real time. The developed pre-processing approaches will not be limited to tide gauges in Germany but can be globally transferred or be extended to river sites.

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16

Soliman, Mostafa AM. "Water Quality and Plankton Population Abundance Affected by Earthen Ponds Management." International Journal of Oceanography & Aquaculture 7, no. 4 (2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/ijoac-16000286.

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The study was conducted in two earthen ponds fish farming systems located at (El-Rayed area- Kafer El-Shiak governmentEgypt); namely, feed and fertilizer fish farming systems. Each system was replicated in four ponds (8000m2 each), to determine water quality, phytoplankton and zooplankton abundance. Nile tilapia (Orechromis niloticus); mullet (Mugil cephalus) and catfish (Clarias garipinus) were cultured in each pond at initial weight of 2, 30 and 50 g, respectively. The present study aimed to evaluate two fish farming systems differing in pond management procedures in the Nile Delta regions. Results apparent insignificant differences between the two fish farming systems in terms of water temperature (ranged 12.7 to 30.9°C from winter to summer months), salinity, EC and total hardness. Whilst, fertilizer fish farm had significantly high levels of pH, DO, secchi disc, total alkalinity, orthophosphate, TAN, NO2, NO3, algal abundance and chlorophyll “a” n water compared to those of feed fish farm. Significant increase (P<0.05) in phytoplankton and zooplankton abundance were observed in fertilizer fish farm compared to feed fish farm, this was due the high organic manure inputs to pond water during all seasons including winter at one ton per feddan every 10 days.

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17

Andrews, Howard, Robert Kortmann, William Knoll, and Dana Ehlen. "WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT OF A WATER SUPPLY RESERVOIR." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2004, no. 8 (January 1, 2004): 632–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864704784136865.

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18

Riadi, Lieke. "Water Sustainability: Emerging Trends for Water Quality Management." KnE Life Sciences 3, no. 5 (September 11, 2017): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/kls.v3i5.984.

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<p class="Els-Abstract-text">Water sustainability needs an integrated approach to meet the water need of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own need of water. It includes water security and water scarcity. The water demand is increasing every year, while the planet’s capacity to sustain increasing demands for water is challenged. The main global water problems fall into three categories. The first is too much of it, secondly is too little of it and thirdly, it is too dirty. The first category is due to extensive flooding, the second category is due to serious drought and the third category is due to pollution and misuse of water which needs water quality management. Nowadays, there are 1.2 × 10<sup>9</sup> people live in areas of water scarcity and 2.6 billion people in global are lacking safe water supply. There are (6 to 8) × 10<sup>6</sup>humans being are killed each year from water-related disasters and disease. In Indonesia, there is about 37 × 10<sup>6</sup> people lack access to safe water due to water quality issue. In this paper, emerging trends in water quality management to support water sustainability and the water-energy nexus will be discussed.</p>

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19

Cooke, G. Dennis, and Robert E. Carlson. "WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN A DRINKING WATER RESERVOIR." Lake and Reservoir Management 2, no. 1 (January 1986): 363–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07438148609354658.

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20

J. A. Wright, A. Shirmohammadi, W. L. Magette, J. L. Fouss, R. L. Bengtson, and J. E. Parsons. "Water Table Management Practice Effects on Water Quality." Transactions of the ASAE 35, no. 3 (1992): 823–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.28667.

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21

Bacon, Peter. "Water quality management in dental unit water lines." Dental Nursing 10, no. 4 (April 2, 2014): 218–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/denn.2014.10.4.218.

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22

Willey, R. G., Donald J. Smith, and James H. Duke. "Modeling Water-Resource Systems for Water-Quality Management." Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 122, no. 3 (May 1996): 171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9496(1996)122:3(171).

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23

Nightingale, Harry I. "WATER QUALITY BENEATH URBAN RUNOFF WATER MANAGEMENT BASINS." Journal of the American Water Resources Association 23, no. 2 (April 1987): 197–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1987.tb00797.x.

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24

Hawkins, W. J., and D. A. Geering. "Water Quality Management – A Total Catchment Management Approach." Water Science and Technology 21, no. 2 (February 1, 1989): 281–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1989.0064.

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Анотація:

Water quality standards set in the past have not helped resource managers in the decisions that they face in seeking sustainable development. Resource managers are looking for meaningful information on water quality so as to evaluate the resource, set priorities for action, and to monitor progress. Resource managers need to know how water quality affects, and is affected by, catchment uses and activities. Examples of three wild and scenic rivers, the Nymboida, Murrumbidgee, and Hawkesbury/Nepean River systems, demonstrate how a ‘Total Catchment Management' approach to resource use and resource protection has advantages for water quality management.

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25

Biernbaum, John A., and Natasha Bos Versluys. "Water Management." HortTechnology 8, no. 4 (October 1998): 504–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.8.4.504.

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Important components of water management for transplant production include water quality, the frequency and volume of water application, and the method of application. Water quality factors of concern are alkalinity, soluble salts including sodium absorption ratio (SAR), and ions at potentially toxic concentrations including boron and fluoride. The available water in individual transplant cells is influence by container size and geometry, medium particle size, medium moisture release characteristics, and wetting agents but is primarily determined by irrigation frequency and the amount of water applied at each irrigation. Irrigation scheduling can be done using several methods but is influenced by the crop stage, the water volume applied, and the frequency of drying desired. Transplants can be watered by hose and breaker, stationary sprinklers, traveling boom sprinklers, fog nozzles, or subirrigation. The outcome of experiments testing effects of transplant size, transplant age and fertilizer rates are all influenced by water management.

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26

Nadebaum, P., M. Chapman, S. Ortisi, and A. Baker. "Application of quality management systems for drinking water quality." Water Supply 3, no. 1-2 (March 1, 2003): 359–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2003.0125.

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Over the past few years the water authorities in Australia have been applying the principles of quality management and risk management in their provision of drinking water of a safe and acceptable quality. These principles have been taken up by the regulatory authorities, and the Australian water industry is ensuring that drinking water guidelines, customer contracts, licences and auditing (both statutory and quality systems auditing), and appropriate quality management systems, are in place for drinking water quality management. A particular focus of this work has been the application of AS/NZS 4360 (Risk Management) and the principles of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points developed for the food industry. This paper discusses the important considerations in applying quality management systems to drinking water quality management within water authorities, and the key issues of how best to integrate these risk management systems with the business management systems of the water authority. A generally applicable model for drinking water quality management systems based on ISO 9002 and HACCP is described. The paper also discusses the process of how management systems already in place within a water authority can be assessed and improvements identified. The objective is that the management systems will be consistent with the authority’s existing business management systems, ISO 9001, the principles of HACCP and AS4360, and the expected requirements of the revised Australian Drinking Water Guidelines.

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27

Cude, Curtis G. "OREGON WATER QUALITY INDEX A TOOL FOR EVALUATING WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT EFFECTIVENESS." Journal of the American Water Resources Association 37, no. 1 (February 2001): 125–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2001.tb05480.x.

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28

Wolff, G. B. "Agriculture and Water Quality Management Goals." Water Science and Technology 26, no. 12 (December 1, 1992): 2727–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0374.

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29

Popovyan, N. O., and A. B. Usov. "DYNAMIC SURFACE WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM." Ecology. Economy. Informatics.System analysis and mathematical modeling of ecological and economic systems 1, no. 6 (2021): 144–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.23885/2500-395x-2021-1-6-144-149.

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The article examines the interaction of subjects of a two-level hierarchical system. An industrial enterprise discharges wastewater into the river as a result of its work. To prevent the ingress of a large amount of pollutants, water treatment facilities have been installed, the operation of which is regulated by the level of technical support. The state allocates funds to support the activities of the enterprise and regulates the standards for the discharge of pollutants. The interests of both subjects are to maximize their target functional. The article is devoted to the problem of finding optimal control in a mathematical model of water quality management in a dynamic system. Examples of calculations for specific parameters are given. Based on the examples given, we can draw conclusions about the influence of parameters on the system. The type of the emitted substance has the greatest influence on the system, namely the values of such parameters as the initial concentration and the coefficient of non-conservativeness. With long-term interaction, the speed of self-cleaning of the river plays a significant role. At a low level of self-purification of the river, the concentration of substances in the river almost reaches the maximum permissible level. The deterioration of the environmental situation leads to losses on the part of the Host. The reverse situation allows us to continue cooperation in the future, while receiving a greater gain. Also, the winnings of the subjects significantly depend on the volume of investments.

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30

House, Margaret A. "Public perception and water quality management." Water Science and Technology 34, no. 12 (December 1, 1996): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0295.

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The visual and odorous characteristics of the environment tend to be those which have the greatest impact upon the public's assessment of environmental quality. In many cases the public's perception of water quality may be based entirely on these aesthetic aspects of a water environment. Those responsible for the management of surface water quality recognise the need to apply a range of management strategies including a consideration of the public's perception of water quality and the impact of this upon their use of rivers and beaches for recreation and amenity. This paper reports upon the results from a recent investigation into the impact of sewage derived litter on perceived water and environmental quality.

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31

Jehng-Jung, Kao, and Chen Ying-Jie. "An educational water quality management game." Water Science and Technology 34, no. 12 (December 1, 1996): 205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0337.

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An educational game for water quality management is developed to assist a novice engineer or student to learn the compromises among three major objectives to manage water quality: cost, water quality, and equity. A window-based interface is developed on a microcomputer. A hypothetical example with four dischargers is used in the program, and the initial scenario is based on a uniform treatment scheme. The player acts as the manager of a water quality authority to design the best compromise policy. The friendly interfaces allows one to exercise judgment in selecting and in modifying discharge permit programs. The design and development of the game and related computer program are described. Network accessibility has provided a novel environment for remote education. A prototypical multimedia network interface is provided for local or foreign remote access to the game.

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32

Furuta, Masaji. "Data management for water quality conservation." Japan journal of water pollution research 12, no. 1 (1989): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2965/jswe1978.12.12.

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33

Marin, Carlos M. "Risk assessment in water quality management." Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 68, no. 26 (1987): 611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/eo068i026p00611-02.

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34

Donia, N., and M. Bahgat. "Water quality management for Lake Mariout." Ain Shams Engineering Journal 7, no. 2 (June 2016): 527–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2015.05.011.

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35

Biswas, Asit K., and Cecilia Tortajada. "Water Quality Management: An Introductory Framework." International Journal of Water Resources Development 27, no. 1 (February 6, 2011): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07900627.2010.547979.

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36

Câmara, António S., Jorge N. Neves, Joaquim Muchaxo, João Pedro Fernandes, Inês Sousa, Edmundo Nobre, Manuel Costa, João Mil-Homens, and António Carmona Rodrigues. "Virtual Environments and Water Quality Management." Journal of Infrastructure Systems 4, no. 1 (March 1998): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1076-0342(1998)4:1(28).

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37

Takyi, Andrews K., and Barbara J. Lence. "Chebyshev Model for Water-Quality Management." Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 122, no. 1 (January 1996): 40–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9496(1996)122:1(40).

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38

Moffitt, L. JOE. "INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT AND WATER QUALITY." Contemporary Economic Policy 11, no. 2 (April 1993): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-7287.1993.tb00384.x.

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39

Lee, J. H. W., and P. P. S. Wong. "Water Quality Model for Mariculture Management." Journal of Environmental Engineering 123, no. 11 (November 1997): 1136–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(1997)123:11(1136).

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40

Julien, Benoît. "Water quality management with imprecise information." European Journal of Operational Research 76, no. 1 (July 1994): 15–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0377-2217(94)90003-5.

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41

van Gils, J. A. G., and D. Argiropoulos. "Axios river basin water quality management." Water Resources Management 5, no. 3-4 (September 1991): 271–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00421996.

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42

Tavares, L. Valadares. "Systems analysis in water quality management." European Journal of Operational Research 38, no. 1 (January 1989): 128–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0377-2217(89)90485-2.

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43

Huang, G. H., and J. Xia. "Barriers to sustainable water-quality management." Journal of Environmental Management 61, no. 1 (January 2001): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jema.2000.0394.

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44

Parparov, Arkadi. "Water Quality Assessment, Trophic Classification and Water Resources Management." Journal of Water Resource and Protection 02, no. 10 (2010): 907–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jwarp.2010.210108.

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45

Saeid, Ahmed Ayad Alfaytouri. "Remote Sensing in Water Quality and Water Resources Management." International Journal for Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 9, no. 1 (February 21, 2022): 163–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.31033/ijrasb.9.1.19.

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The quality of water ascertains the ‘integrity’ of water for specific purposes. Tests and quality of examination of water can provide sufficient information about the waterway health. If tests are conducted over a span of time period, the water quality changes can be realized. There are several testing parameters like pH value, temperature, salinity, turbidity, phosphates and nitrates, which can help assess the water quality. Also, aquatic macro-invertebrates can give a proper water quality indication. Surface water contaminated can pose a high risk to the entire human population and it remains a challenging task to investigate and resolve the problem for public health authority. Intensification of agricultural activities, change in climatic conditions, coastal area quick urban development, and resultant freshwater source declining have contributed considerably to the surface water contamination risk and the augmentation of waterborne disease incidences. The quality of surface water monitoring needs frequent problem detection to reduce any negative effect on public health. The epidemiology study applies geospatial and remote sensing technologies to distinguish the temporal and spatial environmental variability determinants to assess the epidemiology of certain diseases. By providing an integrated and systematic approach to risky water management for the public health and safety, a proper epidemiology method can be used and proved to be an efficient device to evaluate the quality of surface water and any related health risks. SWRMS- Spatial water resource monitoring system provides important and beneficial information to support water management. Requisite innovative features involve the explicit water redistribution description and use of river water and groundwater systems, to achieve more spatial details like key irrigated area features and wetlands, to improve hydrometer observation accuracy and assimilating the observations. A review of research and operational applications reveals that satellite view can enhance spatial detail and accuracy in estimating hydrological model. Every operating system uses land cover classification, dynamic forcing, and a parameterization priory of vegetation dynamics, which is partially or completely based on remote sensing, while satellite observations are utilized in varying stages for data assimilation and model evaluation. The satellite observation, utility by data assimilation varies as a dominant hydrological function. This review paper identifies the spatial and temporal precipitation products, including the application of a higher remote sensing product range, along with operational challenges while research satellite mission continuity with data services, finding computationally-efficient data assimilation techniques. The entire observations critically relies on the detailed information availability and understanding the remotely-sensed spatial and temporal scaling.

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Erechtchoukova, Marina G., and Peter A. Khaiter. "Selecting Water Quality Parameters for Sustainable Water Resource Management." International Journal of Environmental, Cultural, Economic, and Social Sustainability: Annual Review 6, no. 1 (2010): 187–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/1832-2077/cgp/v06i01/54716.

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Gonsor, Oksana. "SMART SYSTEM FOR MONITORING WATER QUALITY PARAMETERS." Measuring Equipment and Metrology 83, no. 4 (2022): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/istcmtm2022.04.018.

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Water is the most crucial factor for all living organisms, so it is essential to protect it. And water quality monitoring is one of the first steps required in the rational development and management of water resources. Smart systems used for real-time quality control and power consumption are rapidly developing. Their implementation in water quality assurance systems is essential and actual. The three-level smart system presented in this article involves the processing of water samples testing results from water supply sources, from the distribution network (consumers), test results of testing laboratories, and data from water consumption accounting systems. Transmission of the obtained results to consumers applying wireless communication technologies is an important system feature.

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Shabman, Leonard, and Kurt Stephenson. "Achieving Nutrient Water Quality Goals: Bringing Market-Like Principles to Water Quality Management." Journal of the American Water Resources Association 43, no. 4 (August 2007): 1076–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00089.x.

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Feng, Zhixuan, Ad Reniers, Brian Haus, Helena Solo-Gabriele, Laura Fiorentino, Maria Olascoaga, and Jamie MacMahan. "MODELING MICROBIAL WATER QUALITY AT A BEACH IMPACTED BY MULTIPLE NON-POINT SOURCES." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (December 15, 2012): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.management.74.

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Monitoring microbial water quality is essential for recreational beaches in order to protect human health. To evaluate the relative importance and impacts of various types of non-point microbial sources at a subtropical beach (Hobie Beach, Miami, USA), we utilized a coastal ocean circulation model (Delft3D) with a microbe transport-fate model. Those non-point sources include beach sediment, dog feces, bather shedding, and rainfall runoff. The hydrodynamic model results agreed well with tidal elevations recorded by a nearby NOAA tidal station and also field data collected by pressure sensors, acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP). We modeled enterococci levels from four different types of non-point sources on the beach and Staphylococcus aureus levels from only the bather shedding. Model results suggest that dog feces are spotty sources of enterococci and can result in transient spikes of enterococci levels for hours. Beach sands are pervasive sources of enterococci and may explain observed persistent elevations of enterococci levels at this site. Runoff may also significantly increase enterococci levels during rainfall events while bather shedding contribution of enterococci is almost negligible. Bather is the only Staphylococcus aureus source considered in the study and simulated levels are in the same order as prior field measurements.

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Kowalski, Dariusz, Beata Kowalska, Ewa Hołota, and Artur Choma. "Water Quality Correction Within Water Distribution System." Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S 22, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 401–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eces-2015-0022.

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Abstract Water suppliers can be treated as production companies whose main product is water delivered to their customers. The article presents problems connected with management of such companies in the conditions of secondary contamination in water distribution systems. This phenomenon exists in water networks all over the world. Its’ presence is particularly visible in countries of former communistic block. In the article particular attention was devoted to the issue of water quality correction in the analysed systems. In the case of water distribution systems, former quality correction methods consisted in special treatment of water pumped into the system, flushing and cleaning of water pipes. In both these cases identification of water quality deficiencies resulted in significant water loss. The situation reflects management processes applied in the manufacturing industry of the 1940s. The authors of this paper put forward the concept of three water quality correction methods which would not entail such considerable water loss. The methods in question are intended for different network types. The implementation of proposed solutions could set new standards in management of distribution systems of water providers.

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