Статті в журналах: "Water - Purification - Adsorption"

1

Dali Ioseliani, Neli Kalabegashvili, Gulnara Balarjishvili, Liana Samkharadze, and Nino Nonikashvili. "Water purification from zinc ions using expanded perlite." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 19, no. 1 (July 30, 2023): 214–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2023.19.1.1278.

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Adsorptive capacities of expanded perlite, prepared on the basis of natural mineral of Georgia – perlite, in the process of aqueous solution purification from Zn (II) ions, have been first studied in the work. The dependencies of adsorption degree and volume capacity on adsorbent dosage, contact time, adsorbate concentration and pH of solution medium have been studied. Experiments have been conducted under dynamic conditions. Optimum conditions of Zn(II) ion adsorption have been established. Maximal efficiency of adsorption degree under these conditions was equal to 93,6, while volume capacity – 3,7 mg/g.

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2

Malovanyy, Myroslav, Kateryna Petrushka, and Ihor Petrushka. "Improvement of Adsorption-Ion-Exchange Processes for Waste and Mine Water Purification." Chemistry & Chemical Technology 13, no. 3 (July 15, 2019): 372–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht13.03.372.

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Mekala, Mallaiah, Bhoopal Neerudi, Padma Rao Are, Raviteja Surakasi, G. Manikandan, Vighneswara Rao Kakara, and Aditya Abhaykumar Dhumal. "Water Removal from an Ethanol-Water Mixture at Azeotropic Condition by Adsorption Technique." Adsorption Science & Technology 2022 (April 14, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8374471.

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The separation of ethanol-water mixture is employed in the present work to produce pure ethanol, the present investigation on the separation of water from the ethanol to achieve pure ethanol by adsorption process. The different parameters like quantity of adsorbent, flow rate of feed mixture, and different adsorbents which are zeolite 3A, zeolite 4A, and silica gel are selected to study purification of ethanol by adsorption. The effect of process parameter for purification is also recorded and studied to evaluate the performance of adsorption equipment and adsorbent. The experiments are conducted at 30°C. The feed mixture is 95.6% (v/v) concentration of ethanol and 4.4% (v/v) of water. The designed adsorption column is suitable for purification of ethanol. The highest ethanol concentration 99.9443% obtained at 20 ml/min flow rate of feed mixture using 50 g of zeolite.

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4

Chelu, Mariana, Adina Magdalena Musuc, Monica Popa, and Jose M. Calderon Moreno. "Chitosan Hydrogels for Water Purification Applications." Gels 9, no. 8 (August 17, 2023): 664. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9080664.

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Chitosan-based hydrogels have gained significant attention for their potential applications in water treatment and purification due to their remarkable properties such as bioavailability, biocompatibility, biodegradability, environmental friendliness, high pollutants adsorption capacity, and water adsorption capacity. This article comprehensively reviews recent advances in chitosan-based hydrogel materials for water purification applications. The synthesis methods, structural properties, and water purification performance of chitosan-based hydrogels are critically analyzed. The incorporation of various nanomaterials into chitosan-based hydrogels, such as nanoparticles, graphene, and metal-organic frameworks, has been explored to enhance their performance. The mechanisms of water purification, including adsorption, filtration, and antimicrobial activity, are also discussed in detail. The potential of chitosan-based hydrogels for the removal of pollutants, such as heavy metals, organic contaminants, and microorganisms, from water sources is highlighted. Moreover, the challenges and future perspectives of chitosan-based hydrogels in water treatment and water purification applications are also illustrated. Overall, this article provides valuable insights into the current state of the art regarding chitosan-based hydrogels for water purification applications and highlights their potential for addressing global water pollution challenges.

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5

Nikolaeva, L. A., and A. A. Adzhigitova. "Purification of Industrial Waste Water from Copper Ions Using Ash Waste." Voprosy sovremennoj nauki i praktiki. Universitet imeni V.I. Vernadskogo, no. 1(79) (2021): 060–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17277/voprosy.2021.01.pp.060-068.

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The necessity of studying organic waste as a secondary energy resource for a waste-heat boiler with further use of the resulting ash for the adsorption of heavy metal ions is shown. The adsorptive purification of waste water from copper ions by ash of organic waste is considered. The chemical composition and technological characteristics of organic biomass, the characteristics of the boiler and the toxicity of the resulting ash have been determined. The chemical composition of the ash was obtained. The isotherm of adsorption in static conditions and the output curve of adsorption in dynamic conditions of copper cations by ash of organic waste were constructed. The process of wastewater treatment of galvanic production is presented. It is concluded that the use of the adsorption method allows for a high degree of wastewater purification and its possible reuse for the technological needs of the enterprise.

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Nikolaeva, L. A., and N. E. Aikenova. "The Mechanism of Adsorptive Purification of Industrial Waste Water from Phenols (the Example of Aktobe Oil Refining LLP)." Voprosy sovremennoj nauki i praktiki. Universitet imeni V.I. Vernadskogo, no. 4(78) (2020): 028–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17277/voprosy.2020.04.pp.028-037.

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The mechanism of adsorptive purification of oil refining wastewater from phenols by modified carbonate sludge of chemical water treatment (CWT) has been studied. Phenols in wastewater are extremely toxic substances. In the legislative order, the sanitary and hygienic standards set the maximum permissible concentration (MPC) of phenol in water, which is 0.001 mg/dm3. A process scheme of adsorption purification of wastewater from phenols with modified carbonate sludge, which is a large-tonnage waste from the power industry, is proposed. An adsorption filter has been designed for effective additional cleaning at Aktobe Oil Refining LLP.

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Kumari, K. S. Beena, and S. Mary Paulin. "ECOFRIENDLY ADSORBENT FROM FOOD WASTE FOR WATER PURIFICATION." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 9, no. 9 (September 30, 2021): 40–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v9.i9.2021.4230.

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Egg shell, which is a waste material emerging out in large quantities from poultries, homes and restaurants, may be used as a good adsorbent for heavy metals. Different types of eggshells were used in this study for the adsorption of a major pollutant such as iron from surface water. Effect of CaCO3 content in the egg shell, particle size, contact time, temperature and shaking on adsorption were also studied. The adsorption isotherms fitted by the Langmuir model revealed that the adsorption of iron by eggshell samples was monolayer adsorption.

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8

Farkhod, Yusupov, Nuriddinova Dilfuza, Yakhsheva Yulduz, Yusupov Sukhrob, and Mamanazarov Murodali. "Import-mixing Sorbents for Purification of Waste Production Water of Gas Processing Industry for re-use." International Journal of Mechanics 15 (June 29, 2021): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.46300/9104.2021.15.10.

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Currently, there are a variety of methods and technologies for water purification. One of them is the adsorption method. Today the adsorption method is widely used in the water treatment industry. The aim of the research is to create an effective multifunctional filtering composition suitable for complex physical and chemical water purification. For this, a cation exchanger developed on the basis of local raw materials, activated alumina and other local materials was used. The adsorption properties of the cation exchanger and aluminum oxide in the composition of this filter have been studied. Also, the parameters of the filter for water purification are determined.

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9

Atamanova, O., E. I. Tikhomirova, A. A. Podoksenov, A. S. Glubokaya, and Z. A. Simonova. "Purification of water environments from heavy metals ions pollution." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1061, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1061/1/012027.

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Abstract Modern methods for extracting heavy metal ions from industrial wastewater are quite diverse. The purpose of the study was to develop and justify new technologies for purification of aqueous media, including adsorption purification, from heavy metal ions (by the example of Ni2+ and Cd2+ ions). Laboratory studies have established that the degree of adsorption extraction of Ni2+ ions by the sorption material from bentonite modified with carbon nanotubes and fired at a temperature of 550 °C increases by 13-14 % due to its activation with 18 % HCl solution and 38 % CaCl2 solution, and the degree of adsorption extraction of Cd2+ ions with this activation of the sorbent, it increases by 16-17 %. A technological scheme of a water purification station is proposed, which includes highly efficient adsorption filters with sorption material from bentonite of the specified modification and acid-salt activation.

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10

Agirman, Betul M. "Water Purification and Adsorption Ability of Pumice." International Journal of High School Research 3, no. 4 (September 30, 2021): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.36838/v3i4.2.

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11

Li, Siqing, Yifa Chen, Xiaokun Pei, Shenghan Zhang, Xiao Feng, Junwen Zhou, and Bo Wang. "Water Purification: Adsorption over Metal-Organic Frameworks." Chinese Journal of Chemistry 34, no. 2 (February 2016): 175–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cjoc.201500761.

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12

Krasnova, T. A., I. V. Timoshchuk, A. K. Gorelkina, and N. V. Gora. "Adsorption Technologies for Water Treatment in the Production of Fruit and Whey Drinks." Ecology and Industry of Russia 22, no. 10 (October 5, 2018): 4–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2018-10-4-10.

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A study was made of the adsorption of chloroform from aqueous solutions on activated carbon (AC) of Ag-3, AG-OB-1, SKD-515 grades. The sorption process in kinetic and dynamic conditions is studied, the mechanism of mass transfer during the adsorption of chloroform to AC of different grades is shown. A method is proposed for optimizing the parameters and modes of the continuous adsorption purification process, based on the fundamental equation of the external diffusion dynamics of adsorption. The main parameters of the adsorption dynamics are determined: the length of the working layer, the length of the unused layer, the coefficient of protective action. On the basis of a complex study of the process of adsorption (equilibrium, kinetics and dynamics) of chloroform, optimization of the purification regime and parameters of the adsorption column using mathematical modeling, an effective technology of additional water purification from the system of centralized domestic drinking water used in the production of fruit and whey drinks was developed.

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13

Ubaskina, Yulia A., and Marina B. Alekhina. "Laboratory methods for producing of effective adsorbents on the basis of diatomite for purification of water from impurities of well-soluble organic compounds." Butlerov Communications 64, no. 10 (October 31, 2020): 74–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.37952/roi-jbc-01/20-64-10-74.

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Today there is the problem of fine water purification during its consumption and disposal in industry from impurities of water-soluble organic compounds that enter it with pharmaceutical, cosmetic preparations, food waste, waste from the textile and chemical industries. Diatomite is a good raw material for the production of these adsorbents. It is found that diatomite is the mesoporous sorbent. The permeability of diatomite can be increased by granulating of the rock. It is found that heat treatment is necessary to obtain more durable granules from diatomite: when the increasing in the temperature of heat treatment of granules the compressive strength of granules increases too. At the same time, when the temperature of the heat treatment is increasing, the equilibrium adsorption of methylene blue on diatomite granules is decreasing. The optimum temperature for the heat treatment of granules is 550 °C. It is found that the heat treatment and granulation of diatomite do not have a significant impact on the adsorptive-structural properties of the rock: up to 70 % of the pore volume of granules is the volume of mesopores. The powdered adsorbent from diatomite which can be obtained by the developed laboratory method can be used in industrial water purification schemes where static adsorption is used for fine water purification. Using the developed laboratory method for producing granular adsorbent from diatomite, it is possible to produce an adsorbent for water purification under dynamic adsorption conditions, where a high value of the sorbent permeability is important.

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14

Fadhilah, Lailatul, Jasmidi Jasmidi, Rini Selly, and Moondra Zubir. "Water Purification Process Uses Adsorbents From Natural." Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science and Technology (IJCST) 4, no. 1 (January 30, 2021): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/ijcst.v4i1.23095.

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Adsorbent is an adsorption that is used to absorb various pollutants. Adsorbents can be used from natural materials. Natural ingredients that can be used are oil palm empty bunches. Oil palm empty bunches are a carbon-rich material that is getting new research interest in adsorption because of its abundance and properties. Oil palm empty bunches contain carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur, lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose. Oil palm empty bunches are used as adsorbent for water saturation.

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15

MUHAMMED, NUREDIN, GASHAW AZENE, and MELKIE GETNET. "UTILIZATION OF WATER HYACINTH FOR DYE EFFLUENT PURIFICATION." Cellulose Chemistry and Technology 55, no. 9-10 (December 3, 2021): 1143–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2021.55.98.

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Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) (WH) is an invasive plant floating freely on the water, which is widely spread in tropical and subtropical regions. The plant is characterized by high porosity and a high number of functional groups, such as hydroxyl (-OH), carboxyl (–COOH), and amino groups (–NH2). Activated carbon, which is widely accepted on an industrial level for the adsorption of dyes from wastewaters, is a highly expensive material. Thus, in this research, a bioadsorbent material was prepared based on WH biomass and investigated as an alternative tool for water quality remediation, in the case of dye pollutants (RR HE3B). The WH plants were collected from the nearby Lake Tana and used as an adsorbent material without chemical treatment. The batch adsorption test was performed by varying the pH of the solution, adsorbent dosage and initial dye concentration. The powdered WH and RR HE3B dye loaded WH were characterized using FTIR, revealing the emergence of new stretching vibration peaks in the range from 2800 to 3000 cm-1 on the spectrum of Reactive Red HE3B (RR HE3B) dye loaded WH, confirming that -CH and -CH2 were responsible for the adsorption. The analysis of the adsorption isotherm and of the suitability of different models for describing it has led to the following order: Freundlich > Langmuir > Temkin > Dubinin-Radushkevich, based on their correlation coefficient value. This implies that the WH adsorbent surface is heterogeneous and the adsorption of the dye onto it depends not only on the specific reaction sites, as the n-value of the Freundlich constant confirms that the physical adsorption process might be favored. Therefore, WH could be a potential alternative adsorbent to remove the RR HE3B dye from dye polluted wastewaters.

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Milakin, Konstantin A., Oumayma Taboubi, Udit Acharya, Miloslav Lhotka, Václav Pokorný, Magdalena Konefał, Olga Kočková, Jiřina Hromádková, Jiří Hodan, and Patrycja Bober. "Polypyrrole-Barium Ferrite Magnetic Cryogels for Water Purification." Gels 9, no. 2 (January 20, 2023): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9020092.

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Magnetic polypyrrole-gelatin-barium ferrite (PPy-G-BaFe) cryogels/aerogels were synthesized by one-step oxidative cryopolymerization of pyrrole in the presence of various fractions of barium ferrite (BaFe) nanoparticles, dispersed in aqueous gelatin solution. The successful incorporation of BaFe into the composites was confirmed by elemental analysis and scanning electron microscopy paired with an energy-dispersive X-ray detector. The maximum achieved content of BaFe in the resulting material was 3.9 wt%. The aerogels with incorporated BaFe had significantly higher specific surface area and conductivity, reaching 19.3 m2 g−1 and 4 × 10−4 S cm−1, respectively, compared to PPy-G aerogel, prepared in the absence of BaFe (7.3 m2 g−1 and 1 × 10−5 S cm−1). The model adsorption experiment using an anionic dye, Reactive Black 5, showed that magnetic PPy-G-BaFe aerogel, prepared at 10 wt% BaFe fraction, had significantly higher adsorption rate and higher adsorption capacity, compared to PPy-G (dye removal fraction 99.6% and 89.1%, respectively, after 23 h). Therefore, the prepared PPy-G-BaFe aerogels are attractive adsorbents for water purification due to their enhanced adsorption performance and the possibility of facilitated separation from solution by a magnetic field.

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17

Torres, Patricia, Camilo Hernán Cruz Vélez, Magally González, Héctor Mario Gutiérrez, Luz Edith Barba, Juan Carlos Escobar, and Luis Germán Delgado. "Pentachlorophenol reduction in raw Cauca river water through activated carbon adsorption in water purification." Ingeniería e Investigación 28, no. 3 (September 1, 2008): 92–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v28n3.15126.

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Reducing chemical risk in raw water from the River Cauca (caused by the presence of pentachlorophenol and organic matter (real color, UV254 absorbance)) was evaluated at bench scale by using three treatment sequences: adsorption with powdered activated coal (PAC); adsorption – coagulation; and, adsorption – disinfection – coagulation. The results showed that although PAC is appropriate for pentachlorophenol removal, and its use together with the coagulant (aluminium sulphate) significantly improved phenolic compound and organic matter removal (promoting enhanced coagulation), the most efficient treatment sequence was adsorption – disinfection - coagulation, achieving minor pentachlorophenol levels than detection (1.56 μg/l) and WHO limits (9μg/l) due to the effect of chloride on PAC.

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18

Yoshida, Akira, Osamu Takahashi, Yorishige Ishii, Yoshihiro Sekimoto, and Yukio Kurata. "Water Purification Using the Adsorption Characteristics of Microbubbles." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 47, no. 8 (August 8, 2008): 6574–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.47.6574.

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19

Wang, Chu Bei. "Synthesis of Phosphoric Acid /Graphene Composites for Water Purification." Advanced Materials Research 864-867 (December 2013): 1717–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.864-867.1717.

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Phosphoric acid /graphene composites were synthesized by a facile one-pot method in the oil-phase. The composites produced in this study have more active groups than reduced graphene oxide. Adsorption data indicated that active groups of the material had far greater influence on the adsorption capacity than inert functional groups of reduced graphene oxide.

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20

Huang, Yongshun, and Xiaoping Chen. "Carbon Nanomaterial-Based Composites in Wastewater Purification." Nano LIFE 04, no. 03 (September 2014): 1441006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793984414410062.

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New techniques and materials are called for wastewater treatment due to the shortage of worldwide fresh water and the increasing water demand. As a simple and efficient method, adsorption technique has been extensively applied to remove organic and inorganic pollutants from contaminated water. The application of carbon nanomaterials, such as activated carbon, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphenes and their derivatives/analogues, in wastewater treatment has also been investigated due to their unique properties, such as wide availability, porous structure, large surface area, tunable morphology and nontoxicity. This review highlights the recent advances of wastewater treatment utilizing carbon nanomaterial modified composites as adsorbents. The adsorption phenomenon and its mechanism are briefly discussed. Detailed discussions are focused on the selective adsorption of carbon nanomaterial composites to unique pollutants. The remaining challenges are also mentioned.

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21

Somma, Simona, Ernesto Reverchon, and Lucia Baldino. "Water Purification of Classical and Emerging Organic Pollutants: An Extensive Review." ChemEngineering 5, no. 3 (August 7, 2021): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering5030047.

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The main techniques used for organic pollutant removal from water are adsorption, reductive and oxidative processes, phytoremediation, bioremediation, separation by membranes and liquid–liquid extraction. In this review, strengths and weaknesses of the different purification techniques are discussed, with particular attention to the newest results published in the scientific literature. This study highlighted that adsorption is the most frequently used method for water purification, since it can balance high organic pollutants removal efficiency, it has the possibility to treat a large quantity of water in semi-continuous way and has acceptable costs.

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22

Glubokaya, Aleksandra S., Olga V. Atamanova, Elena I. Tikhomirova, Artem A. Podoksenov, and Zoya A. Simonova. "Development and justification of new technologies purification of water environments from pollution by heavy metals." RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety 30, no. 4 (December 30, 2022): 498–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2310-2022-30-4-498-510.

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An actual trend in applied ecology is the development and implementation of innovative environmental protection technologies. Modern methods for extracting heavy metal ions from industrial wastewater are quite diverse. The purpose of the study was to develop and justify new technologies for purification of aqueous media, including adsorption purification, from heavy metal ions (by the example of Ni2+ and Cd2+ ions). Laboratory studies have established that the degree of adsorption extraction of Ni2+ ions by the sorption material from bentonite modified with carbon nanotubes and fired at a temperature of 550 °C increases by 13-14% due to its activation with 18% HCl solution and 38% CaCl2 solution, and the degree of adsorption extraction of Cd2+ ions with this activation of the sorbent, it increases by 16-17%. A technological scheme of a water purification station is proposed, which includes highly efficient adsorption filters with sorption material from bentonite of the specified modification and acid-salt activation.

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23

Zhang, Qing-An, Dong-Dong Wu, and Chen-Xi Wei. "Purification of Amygdalin from the Concentrated Debitterizing-Water of Apricot Kernelsusing XDA-1 Resin." Processes 7, no. 6 (June 10, 2019): 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr7060359.

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In this study, six macroporous resins were screened on their adsorption and de-adsorption characteristics for the amygdalin in the debitterizing wastewater concentrate (DWC). The results indicate that the XDA-1 resin exerts good adsorption and de-adsorption capacities on the amygdalin. In order to further confirm its feasibility, the factors affecting the capacity of adsorption and de-adsorption, and its adsorption mechanisms were also investigated. The results suggest that the optimum purification conditions were as follows: loading concentration of samples with 78.05 mg/mL, flow rate of 2 mL/min, and de-adsorption with 80% ethanol solution. The recovery rate was 88.75% and the relative content achieved 61.58% after purification by XDA-1 resin. The Freundlich model can be used to describe the entirety of the exothermic and physical adsorption processes. In summary, the conclusion which can be made from this research is that the wastewater generated from the debitterizing of apricot kernels can be well treated by resin to recycle the amygdalin and reduce its pollution to environment.

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Ahmed, Ahmed S., Mohammed Alsultan, Rowaa Tareq Hameed, Yamama F. Assim, and Gerhard F. Swiegers. "High Surface Area Activated Charcoal for Water Purification." Journal of Composites Science 6, no. 10 (October 13, 2022): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs6100311.

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An activated charcoal with a high surface area of 4320–3800 m2/g with significant adsorption properties was prepared by the chemical and thermal processing of walnut residues. Iraqi walnut shells were sonicated with different ratios of potassium hydroxide (KOH). The mixture was then calcined at different temperatures using an electric oven until the best thermal conditions for a very high activated surface area and performance were identified. The resulting activated charcoal was further purified to remove residual KOH and metal impurities. Investigations revealed that the quality of the prepared activated charcoal was comparable to or surpassed that of commercially available counterparts in both the physical and adsorption properties. It was characterised for methylene blue degradation and the removal of heavy elements during water purification.

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Meez, Elie, Abbas Rahdar, and George Z. Kyzas. "Sawdust for the Removal of Heavy Metals from Water: A Review." Molecules 26, no. 14 (July 16, 2021): 4318. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26144318.

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The threat of the accumulation of heavy metals in wastewater is increasing, due to their abilities to inflict damage to human health, especially in the past decade. The world’s environmental agencies are trying to issue several regulations that allow the management and control of random disposals of heavy metals. Scientific studies have heavily focused on finding suitable materials and techniques for the purification of wastewaters, but most solutions have been rejected due to cost-related issues. Several potential materials for this objective have been found and have been compared to determine the most suitable material for the purification process. Sawdust, among all the materials investigated, shows high potential and very promising results. Sawdust has been shown to have a good structure suitable for water purification processes. Parameters affecting the adsorption mechanism of heavy metals into sawdust have been studied and it has been shown that pH, contact time and several other parameters could play a major role in improving the adsorption process. The adsorption was found to follow the Langmuir or Freundlich isotherm and a pseudo second-order kinetic model, meaning that the type of adsorption was a chemisorption. Sawdust has major advantages to be considered and is one of the most promising materials to solve the wastewater problem.

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Sadchikov, A. V., S. V. Mitrofanov, V. Y. Sokolov, and S. A. Naumov. "Use of Natural Zeolite in Systems for Separation and Purification of Gas Mixtures Containing Methane." Key Engineering Materials 736 (June 2017): 179–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.736.179.

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The article gives considerations to issues dealing with systems for separation and purification of gas mixtures containing methane. A method of pressure swing adsorption is suggested for biogas purification. The present results show the use of natural zeolite (Izhberdinskoye field, Orenburg region) to improve biogas quality by adsorption of water vapor, hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide.

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Choi, Won San, and Ha-Jin Lee. "Nanostructured Materials for Water Purification: Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions and Organic Dyes." Polymers 14, no. 11 (May 27, 2022): 2183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14112183.

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Chemical water pollution poses a threat to human beings and ecological systems. The purification of water to remove toxic organic and inorganic pollutants is essential for a safe society and a clean environment. Adsorption-based water treatment is considered one of the most effective and economic technologies designed to remove toxic substances. In this article, we review the recent progress in the field of nanostructured materials used for water purification, particularly those used for the adsorption of heavy metal ions and organic dyes. This review includes a range of nanostructured materials such as metal-based nanoparticles, polymer-based nanomaterials, carbon nanomaterials, bio-mass materials, and other types of nanostructured materials. Finally, the current challenges in the fields of adsorption of toxic materials using nanostructured materials are briefly discussed.

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Eltekova, N. A., and Yu A. Eltekov. "Adsorption Equilibria in Carbon/Hydrocarbon/Water Systems." Adsorption Science & Technology 15, no. 2 (January 1997): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026361749701500204.

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Two equations derived from the theory of volume filling of micropores (the DR and DS equations) were used for the description of the liquid-phase adsorption of benzene, toluene and p-xylene from aqueous solution on to two commercial microporous activated carbons. Comparison of the experimental and calculated adsorption isotherms showed good accord between the theoretical and experimental values. The results of this work indicate that the parameters of these equations can be used for modelling a water purification process based on the activated carbons.

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29

Iurchenko, Valentyna, and Oksana Melnikova. "Use of Natural Zeolite to Improve Quality and Environmental Safety of Natural Surface Waters and Waste Surface Waters." Key Engineering Materials 925 (July 11, 2022): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-uk5c75.

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Natural zeolites are materials which, due to the peculiarities of their crystal structure and high adsorption and ion exchange properties, have wide prospects for use in technologies of adsorption purification of aquatic environments. The paper presents the results of laboratory research in dynamic and static conditions of sorption properties of natural zeolite, which is currently used for purification of natural water from suspended solids in industrial water treatment plants. The sorption capacity of different fractions of this zeolite to ammonium nitrogen, fluorides and petroleum products has been established.

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30

BIZI, Mohamed. "Sulfamethoxazole Removal from Drinking Water by Activated Carbon: Kinetics and Diffusion Process." Molecules 25, no. 20 (October 13, 2020): 4656. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25204656.

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Sulfamethoxazole (SMX), a pharmaceutical residue, which is persistent and mobile in soils, shows low biodegradability, and is frequently found in the different aquatic compartments, can be found at very low concentrations in water intended for human consumption. In conditions compatible with industrial practices, the kinetic reactivity and performance of tap water purification using activated carbon powder (ACP) are examined here using two extreme mass ratios of SMX to ACP: 2 µg/L and 2 mg/L of SMX for only 10 mg/L of ACP. In response to surface chemistry, ACP texture and the intrinsic properties of SMX in water at a pH of 8.1, four kinetic models, and two monosolute equilibrium models showed a total purification of the 2 µg/L of SMX, the presence of energetic heterogeneity of surface adsorption of ACP, rapid kinetics compatible with the residence times of industrial water treatment processes, and kinetics affected by intraparticle diffusion. The adsorption mechanisms proposed are physical mechanisms based mainly on π–π dispersion interactions and electrostatic interactions by SMX−/Divalent cation/ArO− and SMX−/Divalent cation/ArCOO− bridging. Adsorption in tap water, also an innovative element of this study, shows that ACP is very efficient for the purification of very slightly polluted water.

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31

Nikolaeva, L. A., and E. R. Zainullina. "Investigation of the process of desalination of the concentrate of reverse osmosis plants by energy waste." Power engineering: research, equipment, technology 24, no. 2 (June 13, 2022): 186–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2022-24-2-186-195.

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PURPOSE. To investigate the cleaning process of the reverse osmosis water filtration system (ROWFS) concentrate with energy waste, to obtain and determine its quality indicators, to study the mechanism of sulfate and chloride ions adsorption by sorption material on the basis of energy waste, to consider the process of sulfate and chloride ion adsorption by this sorption material under static and dynamic conditions.METHODS. The method of variable weights was used to determine the adsorption capacity of the sorption material. Methods of titrimetric and photocolorimetric analysis were used during determining of water quality indicators.RESULTS. In this paper the technology of desalination of the ROP concentrate by the adsorption method was studied. Under static conditions the adsorption isotherm has been constructed. On the basis of ground sludge the granular sorption material has been developed. The possibility of using ionexchange filters with granular loading has been considered, the adsorption curve under dynamic conditions has been constructed.CONCLUSION. The sorption based on energy waste - carbonate sludge material for the purification of ROWFS concentrate has been developed. Adsorption isotherms of sulfate and chloride ions were constructed on the basis of experimental data. For investigation the purification of the ROWFS concentrate under dynamic conditions the granular sorption material was obtained. The adsorption technology of ROWFS concentrate purification from sulfate and chloride ions by energy waste is presented.

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32

Li, Jie, Shi He, Rui Li, Wei Dai, Junhui Tao, Chuanhui Wang, Junyi Liu, Tian Wu, and Chengchun Tang. "Template-free synthesis of three dimensional porous boron nitride nanosheets for efficient water cleaning." RSC Advances 8, no. 57 (2018): 32886–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ra06445h.

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33

Chen, Peizhen, Dongkai Chen, Wenjie Zhao, and Xiangqun Zheng. "Aeration Biofilter Filler Screening and Experimental Research on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Purification in Rural Black Water." Water 14, no. 6 (March 18, 2022): 957. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14060957.

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In rural toilets, black water still remains polluted by nitrogen and phosphorus after being pre-treated by septic tanks. This study uses aerated biofilters to purify black water, screen the biofilter filler, and determine its effect on nitrogen and phosphorus purification in rural black water. This study introduced the concept of the “shape factor” into the Langmuir and Freundlich equations and optimized the isotherm adsorption model to better fit the actual dynamics of nitrogen and purification in black water. Combined with the first-order kinetic equation, the double constant equation, and the Elovich equation, the adsorption performance of seven kinds of biofilter fillers (i.e., zeolite, volcanic rock, sepiolite, ceramsite, anthracite, vermiculite, and peat) was studied. Then, the biofilter was constructed using a combination of fillers with better adsorption properties, and its ability to purify rural black water was studied. Results showed that vermiculite and zeolite had little effect on nitrogen and a high saturated adsorption of 654.50 and 300.89 mg·kg−1, respectively; peat and ceramsite had little effect on phosphorus and a high saturated adsorption of 282.41 mg·kg−1 and 233.89 mg·kg−1, respectively. The adsorption rate of nitrogen from fast to slow was vermiculite > peat > zeolite > volcanic rock > sepiolite > ceramsite > anthracite. The adsorption rate of phosphorus from fast to slow was peat > ceramsite > zeolite > sepiolite > vermiculite > volcanic rock > anthracite. Four combined biological filter fillers aided the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from rural high-concentration black water. The combination of zeolite and ceramsite filler had a good nitrogen and phosphorus removal effect in high-concentration black water. After the system was stable, the nitrogen removal rate attained 71–73%, and the phosphorus removal rate attained 73–76% under the influent condition of total nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations of 150–162 and 10–14 mg·L−1, respectively. This study provides technical support and reference for the purification and treatment of rural black water.

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34

Dey, Debanjan, Naresh Chandra Murmu, and Priyabrata Banerjee. "Tailor-made synthesis of an melamine-based aminal hydrophobic polymer for selective adsorption of toxic organic pollutants: an initiative towards wastewater purification." RSC Advances 9, no. 13 (2019): 7469–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra00453j.

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35

Chen, Lei, Hongchuan Xin, Yuan Fang, Cong Zhang, Feng Zhang, Xing Cao, Chunhui Zhang, and Xuebing Li. "Application of Metal Oxide Heterostructures in Arsenic Removal from Contaminated Water." Journal of Nanomaterials 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/793610.

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It has become one of the major environmental problems for people worldwide to be exposed to high arsenic concentrations through contaminated drinking water, and even the long-term intake of small doses of arsenic has a carcinogenic effect. As an efficient and economic approach for the purification of arsenic-containing water, the adsorbents in adsorption processes have been widely studied. Among a variety of adsorbents reported, the metal oxide heterostructures with high surface area and specific affinity for arsenic adsorption from aqueous systems have demonstrated a promising performance in practical applications. This review paper aims to summarize briefly the metal oxide heterostructures in arsenic removal from contaminated water, so as to provide efficient, economic, and robust solutions for water purification.

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36

Jia, Huichao, Jie Li, Zhenya Liu, Ruoyuan Gao, Saleem Abbas, Yi Fang, Chao Yu, and Chengchun Tang. "Three-dimensional carbon boron nitrides with a broken, hollow, spherical shell for water treatment." RSC Advances 6, no. 82 (2016): 78252–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra10689g.

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37

Zhang, He, Shuo Gao, Xiaoxu Cao, Jitong Lin, Jingyi Feng, Hui Wang, Hong Pan, Quangang Yang, Yanhong Lou, and Yuping Zhuge. "Cd Removal from Aqueous Solutions Using a New Modified Zeolite Adsorbent." Minerals 13, no. 2 (January 29, 2023): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min13020197.

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Water cadmium (Cd) pollution has widely aroused concerns due to high Cd toxicity in water bodies and its serious health risks to humans. Adsorption has been identified as an effective and widely utilized technology for water purification with heavy metal pollution. To develop a newly identified adsorbent of modified zeolite that can easily and effectively purify Cd-polluted water, NaOH modification (JZ), high-temperature modification (HZ), humic acid modification (FZ), Na2S modification (SZ), and ultrasonic modification (CZ) zeolites were developed, and their appearances and adsorption and desorption characteristics were investigated. The results showed that the adsorption capacity of Cd by JZ and SZ were improved by 68.87% and 32.06%, respectively, relative to that by natural zeolite (NZ); however, HZ, FZ, and CZ decreased the adsorption capacity. JZ had a higher adsorption capacity than SZ and could remove 99.90% Cd at an initial concentration of 100 mg/L. The dominant adsorption mechanism of Cd by JZ was the chemisorption of the monolayer. The preferred temperature and pH that enhanced Cd adsorption by JZ were 25–35 °C and 4–8, respectively. With an equilibrium adsorption capacity of 9.37–9.74 mg/g at an initial concentration of 280 mg/L, JZ reached its maximum saturated adsorption capacity; compared with SZ and NZ, the adsorption capacity increase was 27.83%–68.81%. The R2 fitted by JZ's Langmuir model and quasi-second-order dynamics model were both above 0.93. In summary, JZ was recognized as a novel absorbent for Cd-polluted water purification.

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38

Frolova, Liliia, Mykola Kharytonov, Iryna Klimkina, Oleksandr Kovrov, and Andrii Koveria. "Adsorption purification of waste water from chromium by ferrite manganese." E3S Web of Conferences 168 (2020): 00026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016800026.

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Plasma method is used to synthesize manganese ferrite. The basic properties of ferrite are determined by IR spectroscopy, UV spectroscopy, X-ray phase analysis, vibration magnetometry. The paper shows that the use of magnetically controlled sorbent allows to purify waste waters from chromium (III). The process of adsorption of chromium cations (III) is investigated. The kinetics of the process is studied. To describe the equilibrium isotherms, the experimental data are analysed by the models of Langmuir, Freundlich isotherms. Pseudo-first order, pseudo-second-order, and Weber-Morris are used to elucidate the kinetic parameters and mechanism of the adsorption process. It has been established that the removal of Cr (III) cations is described by the pseudo-second order of the Langmuir reaction and mechanism.

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39

Fuks, Leon, Agnieszka Miśkiewicz, Irena Herdzik-Koniecko, and Grażyna Zakrzewska-Kołtuniewicz. "Fly Ash as a Potential Adsorbent for Removing Radionuclides from Aqueous Solutions in an Adsorption-Membrane Assisted Process Compared to Batch Adsorption." Membranes 13, no. 6 (May 31, 2023): 572. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes13060572.

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The paper deals with checking the possibility of using fly ash (FA) as a sorbent in the batch adsorption method of removing radionuclides from aqueous solutions. An adsorption-membrane filtration (AMF) hybrid process with a polyether sulfone ultrafiltration membrane with a pore size of 0.22 μm was also tested as an alternative to the commonly used column-mode technology. In the AMF method, metal ions are bound by the water-insoluble species prior to the membrane filtration of the purified water. Thanks to the easy separation of the metal-loaded sorbent, it is possible to improve water purification parameters using compact installations and reduce operating costs. This work evaluated the influence of such parameters on cationic radionuclide removal efficiency (EM): initial pH and composition of the solution, contact time of the phases, and the FA doses. A method for removing radionuclides, ordinarily present in an anionic form (e.g., TcO4−), from water, has also been presented. The results show, that both batch adsorption of radionuclides and adsorption-membrane filtration (AMF) using the FA as an adsorbent can be effectively used for water purification and in the form of a solid directed to long-term storage.

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40

Ye, Cuizhu, Ziyan Pan, and Yi Shen. "Facile Conversion of Polystyrene Waste into an Efficient Sorbent for Water Purification." Polymers 14, no. 21 (October 22, 2022): 4477. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14214477.

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In this work, we convert a plastic waste, i.e., polystyrene (PS), into a sorbent by a simple sulfonation process. The sulfonation time was optimized and the structures of the resulting sulfonated polystyrene (SPS) was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray and contact angle tests. The results showed that the sulfonation time of 7 h can introduce abundant sulfonic groups and preserve the self-standing structure. Additionally, the SPS has a three-dimensional porous structure and hydrophilic surface because of the presence of numerous sulfonic groups, which could serve as effective binding sites for immobilizing varying pollutants. Furthermore, as a proof-of-concept, the adsorption performance of the SPS foams was evaluated using three pollutants, namely Pb2+, lysozyme and methylene blue. The adsorption isotherms were fitted by the Langmuir and Freundlich models, while the kinetics of the adsorption processes were analyzed using the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion equations. It was found that the adsorption isotherms of Pb2+ and lysozyme can be better described by the Langmuir model, leading to maximum equilibrium adsorption uptakes of 10.5 and 15.7 mg g−1 for the adsorption of Pb2+ and lysozyme, respectively. Importantly, the pollutant-saturated SPS is readily regenerated by acid washing, and the recovered sorbents exhibit outstanding cyclic performance. The abundant availability of feedstock, facile preparation and regeneration processes render the SPS foams a promising sorbent for practical applications.

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41

Shen, Yi, Xiaoying Zhu, and Baoliang Chen. "Size effects of graphene oxide nanosheets on the construction of three-dimensional graphene-based macrostructures as adsorbents." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 4, no. 31 (2016): 12106–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ta04112d.

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42

Fu, Ting Ting, Ning Zhang, Yong Hui Zhou, Hong Min Kan, and Xiao Yang Wang. "The Progress and Application of High Specific Surface Materials in Environmental Protection." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 898–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.898.

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High specific surface materials were widely applied in water pollution control, air pollution control and recycling of organic solvents due to their excellent physical and chemical properties such as large specific surface area, redox characteristic, high adsorption and desorption speed and large adsorptive capacity. The characteristics of activated carbon fiber, nanometer titanium dioxide and their applications in environmental protection such as air purification, the treatment of drinking water and industrial wastewater and the recycling of organic solvent were investigated in present work.

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43

Zhu, Liu, Qiangling Yao, Qiang Xu, Yinghu Li, and Xuehua Li. "Experimental Study on the Purification Mechanism of Mine Water by Coal Gangue." Water 15, no. 4 (February 10, 2023): 697. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15040697.

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Coal mining has caused groundwater pollution and loss. Using a mined area as a water storage space for storing and purifying mine water is a low-cost environmentally friendly mining method. In this study, static and dynamic adsorption experiments on the ions in mine water were carried out using the roof rocks from the Lingxin coal mine. The sample analysis results show that the main chemical composition of the roof is mainly SiO2 and Al2O3. The water chemistry type of the mine water is SO4-HCO3-Cl-Na type, with an average mineralization of about 4000 mg/L. The experimental results show that gangue can stabilize the pH value of mine water with different pH values between 7.5 and 8.5. In the acidic and alkaline environment, the degree of void space increases the adsorption capacity of the gangue, in which the adsorption rate of gangue is between 3% and 5%. The calcium ion reduction rate reaches 75% in static leaching and 70% in dynamic leaching conditions. Medium-grained coarse sandstone has a stronger adsorption capacity than muddy siltstone. The results from this study can support further research on using gangue for water purification purposes in mines, simultaneously reducing the harmful accumulation of gangue and promoting the recycling of highly mineralized water.

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44

Lu, Qingchen, Nana Li, and Jialu Li. "Supramolecular adsorption of cyclodextrin/polyvinyl alcohol film for purification of organic wastewater." Journal of Polymer Engineering 40, no. 2 (January 28, 2020): 158–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2019-0253.

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AbstractInto purified organic wastewater, α-, β-, and γ-cyclodextrin (α-, β-, and γ-CD) were added to polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with ammonium persulfate as the crosslinker. The CD/PVA composite film with low water solubility and supramolecular adsorption was prepared by solvent evaporation. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that when CD was successfully added to PVA, the crosslinking process had no effect on -OH, and the structure was stable after soaking in water for 120 h. Solubility experiments showed that the stability of PVA in water was significantly improved. The results of phenolphthalein adsorption showed that the composite film followed the Langmuir isothermal adsorption and the pseudo-second-order kinetics. According to the Langmuir equation, the theoretical maximum adsorption capacities of α-, β- and γ-CD/PVA composite films were 0.41, 2.05, and 2.00 mg/g, respectively. The parameters of the Freundlich equation indicate that the adsorption of the composite film is physical adsorption. The time for α-CD/PVA composite film to reach equilibrium was the shortest, while the longest was for β-CD/PVA composite film. The intraparticle diffusion model showed that the adsorption was mainly affected by the diffusion of the boundary layer, and the diffusion rate limitation of the boundary layer of the high-concentration phenolphthalein solution was more obvious.

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45

Croitoru, Alexa-Maria, Anton Ficai, Denisa Ficai, Roxana Trusca, Georgiana Dolete, Ecaterina Andronescu, and Stefan Claudiu Turculet. "Chitosan/Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite Membranes as Adsorbents with Applications in Water Purification." Materials 13, no. 7 (April 4, 2020): 1687. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13071687.

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The scope of this article is to develop composite membranes using chitosan (CS) and graphene oxide (GO) as adsorbents for the removal of inorganic pollutants such as heavy metal ions, particularly Pb2+, from aqueous solutions. GO was obtained by modified Hummers method and blended with CS solution. The introduction of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) compound to CS/GO suspension lead to an increased adsorption capacity of CS/GO for the elimination of heavy metals by forming stable chelates with them. The synthesized membranes were examined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the adsorption behaviour of Pb2+ from aqueous solutions using CS/EDTA/GO membranes was evaluated using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The adsorption performance of Pb2+ ions was studied by monitoring the concentration of Pb2+ against the adsorption period at an initial content of the adsorbent. The maximum adsorption efficiency of Pb2+ metal ions reached 767 mg·g−1 for CS/EDTA/GO 0.1%, 889 mg·g−1 for CS/EDTA/GO 0.3%, 970 mg·g−1 for CS/EDTA, 853 mg·g−1 for CS and 1526 mg·g−1 for GO. These findings show promising potential for CS/EDTA/GO membranes as effective adsorbent materials for the removal of heavy metal ions in water.

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46

Watanabe, T., Y. Amano, and M. Machida. "Screening of powdered activated carbons to remove 2-methylisoborneol for drinking water." Water Supply 12, no. 3 (May 1, 2012): 300–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2011.134.

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A 95% confidence interval was estimated from 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) numbers, as an index of adsorption capacity described in this article, for 31 different powdered activated carbons (PACs) used for drinking water purification. The seven PACs selected in this study were chosen as five of them were within the 95% confidence interval and the other two PACs were not. The PACs were assessed based on previous studies, which represented the relationships between 2-MIB adsorption capacity and surface area, pore distribution, bulk oxygen content and surface oxygen functional groups. From the results, we assumed the 2-MIB adsorption mechanism and studied relationships between 2-MIB number and ash content of PAC or pH value of PAC slurry. It was shown that the 2-MIB number correlated with the ash content and the pH value. Easily measurable ash content and pH values would help a water supplier briefly screen PACs for removing 2-MIB at a water purification facility.

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47

Unugul, T., and F. U. Nigiz. "Synthesis of acid treated carbonized mandarin peel for purification of copper." Water Practice and Technology 15, no. 2 (April 23, 2020): 460–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2020.033.

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Abstract In this study; acid treated carbonized mandarin peel (CMP) adsorbent was prepared and the adsorption behaviour of the adsorbent for copper removal was investigated. In the adsorption studies the effects of initial metal concentration, solution pH, adsorbent dosage and contact time on the removal were investigated. As a result; the highest removal of 100% was achieved when the copper concentration in water was 5 mg/L and the adsorbent dosage was 3.75 g/L at a solution pH of 7. Isotherm studies were also done and the appropriate isotherm was obtained as the Freundlich isotherm. According to the kinetic studies, the copper adsorption onto CMP adsorbent was adopted to the pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetic. After HCl regeneration, the adsorbent maintained 94% of its activity.

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48

Roulia, Maria, and Alexandros A. Vassiliadis. "Water Purification by Potassium Humate–C.I. Basic Blue 3 Adsorption-Based Interactions." Agronomy 11, no. 8 (August 16, 2021): 1625. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11081625.

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Interactions of C.I. Basic Blue 3 with potassium humate in aqueous systems were investigated. Both the humic content and dye removal are of crucial significance in relation to water of a desired quality. Dye retention experiments demonstrated that potassium humate is an exceptionally efficient adsorbent. The effect of both the pH and temperature on the adsorption process was investigated. The temperature proved to only slightly influence the extent of dye sorption; contrarily, under mildly acidic conditions (pH = 4.0), the quantity of dye adsorbed was doubled on standing. At this pH value, interactions between the positively charged dye and the dissociated carboxyl groups of humic substances are encountered. This was also supported by the obedience of the experimental data to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Three adsorption models, i.e., Langmuir, Freundlich and BET, were fitted to the experimental data; the equilibrium adsorption conformed to the Langmuir and BET isotherm equations on the basis of electrostatic dye–humics interactions, while the fitting of the Freundlich model referred to the heterogeneities of humic substances attributed to their colloidal behavior. Thermodynamic quantities, i.e., enthalpy, entropy and free energy change in the adsorption, were calculated. The low ΔHadsθ values verify the negligible effect of the temperature on the adsorption; ΔSadsθ denotes a thermodynamically favorable reaction, and ΔGadsθ denotes a spontaneous process.

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49

Zhang, Kang, Anjaiah Nalaparaju, Yifei Chen, and Jianwen Jiang. "Biofuel purification in zeolitic imidazolate frameworks: the significant role of functional groups." Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 16, no. 20 (2014): 9643–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cp00739e.

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50

Zaporotskova, Irina, Tatyana Ermakova, Olesya Kakorina, Vladimir Akatiev, and Lilia Kamyshanova. "Study of Sorption Properties of Carbon Nanotubes for Water Purification from Inorganic Impurities." NBI Technologies, no. 2 (April 2022): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/nbit.jvolsu.2022.2.6.

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Анотація:

Studies of adsorption properties of carbon nanotubes with respect to inorganic molecules have been carried out. Theoretical quantum-chemical calculations of the interaction of the most common impurity molecules in water with carbon nanotubes were made. Analysis of modern water purification filters shows the general disadvantage of all modern filters – they clean water only from a certain type of pollution. In order to clean water from a wide range of different pollutants, it is necessary to carry out multistage purification, with different types of filters, which is very resource intensive, and takes quite a long time. Using carbon nanomaterials as filters will solve this problem. For the study, the most common inorganic substances were chosen, which are most often found in drinking water: calcium chloride CaCl2, magnesium chloride MgCl2, sodium chloride NaCl, calcium carbonate CaCO3, magnesium carbonate MgCO3, calcium sulfate CaSO4, magnesium sulfate MgSO4. Processes of adsorption interaction of selected inorganic impurity molecules to the surface of single-layer carbon nanotubes of type (6,6) were investigated. Surface profiles of potential energy of interaction of molecules (calcium, magnesium and sodium salts) with surface of carbon nanotube are constructed. The positive effect of carbon nanostructures on the process of water purification from inorganic impurities is shown, meaning the possibility of using CNT as a filter for water purification.

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