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Статті в журналах з теми "Water pollution prevention"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 21 лютого 2023

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1

Bickerton, Brooke J. "Pollution Prevention and Bilge Water Recovery." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1620, no. 1 (January 1998): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1620-01.

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At American Commercial Barge Line Co. (ACBL), protection of the marine environment is a top operating priority. As part of this commitment, every effort is made, using ingenuity and technology, in pollution prevention. An example of pollution prevention in practice at ACBL is the recovery of petroleum from bilge water (an oil/water mixture that collects in the bottom of a towboat), which is then blended into virgin fuel for use on ACBL towboats or resold as a cutter stock to a petroleum company. The source of petroleum in the bilge water is the diesel engines that power the towboat. The petroleum fraction is typically 30 percent. The bilge water is pumped from containment tanks on the boat into larger storage tanks at fueling or repairing facilities. ACBL currently operates a certificated barge that is dispatched to the various fueling and repair facilities to collect bilge water. This barge takes the mixture to American Commercial Liquid Terminal (ACLT) in Memphis, Tennessee. A process separates the oil from the water. The recovered oil is then blended with virgin diesel fuel for ACBL’s towboat fleet, used as ACLT boiler fuel, or sold as a cutter stock for ocean vessels. The separated water moves through a series of treatment tanks and an ultrafiltration system. The purified water is discharged into the Mississippi River according to a Tennessee National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit. In 1996 and 1997 combined, this process recovered 4.2 million L (1.1 million gal) of oil, which is material that was disposed of as waste in the past. ACBL is making a difference and embracing the principles of pollution prevention.

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2

Bate, Roger. "Water Pollution Prevention: A Nuisance Approach." Economic Affairs 14, no. 3 (April 1994): 13–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0270.1994.tb00188.x.

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3

Friedlander, Sheldon K. "Pollution Prevention." Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development 31, no. 4 (May 1989): 10–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00139157.1989.9929949.

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4

Wang, Tao. "River Chief System and Water Pollution Prevention." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 252 (July 9, 2019): 042054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/252/4/042054.

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5

Boping, Wen. "On the Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law." Chinese Law & Government 19, no. 1 (April 1986): 50–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/clg0009-4609190150.

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6

Lowrie, Karen W., and Michael Greenberg. "PROMOTING GROUND WATER POLLUTION PREVENTION IN SMALL BUSINESSES." Journal of the American Water Resources Association 33, no. 1 (February 1997): 193–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1997.tb04095.x.

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7

Wang, Xiao Yong, Geng Shen Zhu, Yu Qiu Wan, Xiao Dong Zhu, and Xu Bo Miao. "Water Pollution Emergencies in China: Actualities, Prevention and Response." Advanced Materials Research 159 (December 2010): 589–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.159.589.

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Анотація:

Significant number of accidental water pollution incidents occurred during the past decades in China, often having transboundary impacts, including the high profile Songhua River toxic chemical spill in November 2005, and drinking water source pollution by algae in the Tai Lake, Wuxi in May 2007. Over half of all river sections monitored for water quality are rated as being unsafe for human contact, and this pollution is estimated to cost several per cent of GDP. If not immediately and effectively controlled, pollution incidents caused by accidental releases or cumulative pollution can worsen water shortages and scarcity problems. The environmental pollution accidents can cause great danger, and there are many potential pollution sources. From the Comparison with the advanced and mature experience by system, mechanism, the article expounds some ideas to improve and strengthen emergency disposal and prevention system for water pollution accidents. It identifies areas for improvement and presents policy recommendations for institutional reform, improving regulations; and strengthening the implementing capacity to maximize the use of existing institutions, regulations and other management resources.

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8

Robb, Gordon A., Vladimir Novotny, and Harvey Olem. "Water Quality: Prevention, Identification and Management of Diffuse Pollution." Geographical Journal 162, no. 1 (March 1996): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3060267.

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9

Olness, Alan. "Water Quality: Prevention, Identification and Management of Diffuse Pollution." Journal of Environmental Quality 24, no. 2 (March 1995): 383. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq1995.00472425002400020024x.

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10

Houthoofd, Janet M. "Pollution prevention applications in construction and water resource management." Environmental Progress 14, no. 4 (November 1995): 254–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ep.670140414.

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11

Yang, Qi Yong, Xin Hua Zhang, and Zhong Wei Wu. "Prevention and Control of Water Pollution Based on Ecosystem Management (EM): A Case Study of Poyang Lake." Applied Mechanics and Materials 295-298 (February 2013): 1575–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.295-298.1575.

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The water quality monitoring revealed that the water quality in Poyang Lake is increasely degenerating in the past several years and the deterioration reasons were analyzed. The increasingly serious water pollution indicated that there were inherent drawbacks in current environmental management system of China. Therefore, the typical models of water pollution prevention and control in developed countries and China were researched. The explorations of water pollution prevention and control based on ecosystem management for Poyang Lake were reviewed, especially the practice of Mountain-River-Lake (MRL) Program in Poyang Lake Basin. At last, the challenges of water pollution prevention and control in Poyang Lake Basin was put forword such as law and policy, organization structure, participation mechanism. The researches indicated that the multiplicity and complexity of nature, humanities, society and economy in Poyang Lake determined its importance and necessity to implement ecosystem-based water environment management. In the future construction of water pollution prevention model based on integrated ecosystem management is an inevitable trend for Poyang Lake basin.

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12

Wu, Chuan Bao, and Xiang Hui Zeng. "Study on Control of Water Quality of Poyang Lake." Applied Mechanics and Materials 522-524 (February 2014): 979–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.522-524.979.

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Water quality of Poyang Lake is facing serious threats with the quick development of Jiangxi Province. Water quality control and pollution prevention of Poyang Lake have become important problems set before Jiangxi Province. To keep good water quality of Poyang Lake, a series of pollution-preventing strategies were studied. In order to prevent point source (PS) pollution, industrial types and layout, management measures and production technique should be improved. Strategies to prevent non-point source (NPS) pollution include four aspects. First is to transform part of NPS pollution to PS pollution by rationally laying out industry system. Second is to construct spatially harmonious and reasonable landscape pattern. Third is to reform conventional agricultural production by using advanced chemical and biological technologies. Fourth is to carry out Best Management Practices (BMPs) and Low-impact Development (LID) by learning and innovation.

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13

Cui, Li Li. "Solution of Landscape Water Pollution in Residential." Advanced Materials Research 461 (February 2012): 822–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.461.822.

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Abstract. Urban residential district landscape water pollution status and pollution reasons are discussed in this paper. Against the features of small area, easy pollution, limited self-purification capacity of residential district landscape water, a series of prevention and control of water pollution of the water body are described. The management and protection measures, the treatment technology of slightly polluted water and the control technology of heavy pollution are advanced in detail.

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14

Belayutham, Sheila, Vicente A. González, and Tak Wing Yiu. "A cleaner production-pollution prevention based framework for construction site induced water pollution." Journal of Cleaner Production 135 (November 2016): 1363–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.07.003.

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15

Saini, Dr Anil Kumar. "Groundwater pollution, its causes and enhancement by surface water pollution and prevention techniques." International Journal of Advanced Chemistry Research 4, no. 2 (January 1, 2022): 346–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.33545/26646781.2022.v4.i2e.132.

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16

Titova, Tamila, Rasul Akhtyamov, and Elina Nasyrova. "Technical solutions for prevention thermal pollution of ponds within urbolandscape." Bulletin of scientific research results, no. 3-4 (January 19, 2017): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.20295/2223-9987-2016-3-4-60-66.

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Objective: The development and scientific substantiation of technical solutions for prevention thermal pollution of cooling pond of power facilities. Methods: Patent study, methods of system analysis. Results: Found that cooling ponds in which discharged heated water from electric power facilities, leading to thermal pollution. In connection with which the waters become unfit for housing and communal services, namely drinking and domestic water supply and recreational water use. The existing technical solution for preventing thermal pollution of water bodies have a number of drawbacks, namely low reliability due to the complexity and bulkiness of the structure; limited functionality due to not fully using the heat medium and long cold water. On the basis of the patent study of existing methods of reducing thermal pollution, the developed heat exchanger heated waters of power objects (patent RU № 134621). Designed heat exchanger characterized by enhanced functionality available ways to prevent thermal pollution due to the use of thermal energy of the heated waters of power plants for heating of cold water and correspondingly cooling the heated waters. Practical importance: The proposed by authors technical solution allows utilizing the heat energy of the heated waters of power facilities before discharge into cooling ponds. Thus, the heat exchanger prevents thermal pollution of the reservoir and consequently provides a desired level of water quality for water supply and supplies the consumers with warm water, i. e., contributes to several tasks of housing and communal services.

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17

Qi, Zhi Guo, and An Na Shi. "Water Pollution Prevention Network and its Long-Term Meaning of Governance Performance." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 1217–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.1217.

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Water resources constraints of Chinas future sustainable development have been the most important strategic issue, so China's sustainable development strategy must be built on the basis of a clear strategy for water resources. Chinese government has begun to pay attention to the comprehensive management of water resources, especially to improve the efficiency of water use and the control of water pollution as an important and urgent task. Rivers flowing through cities are subject to serious water pollution, some even affect the drinking water which is directly related to the sustainable development of urban society and economy and people's quality of life. Urban water pollution has become an urgent problem, the Government is also aware of the urgency of water pollution, the need to develop a pollution control plan, but progress is not satisfactory.

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18

He, Faqi, Ruifei Wang, and Kui Chen. "Investigations and Prevention Strategies on the Fracturing Water Pollution Triggering Permeability and Production Decrease in Underground Gas Reservoirs." Water 14, no. 23 (December 1, 2022): 3921. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14233921.

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The fracturing water injected into the underground gas reservoirs for development purposes has polluted the reservoirs, triggering a decrease in reservoir permeability and gas production. Here, we quantitatively investigate and provide preventions for the fracturing water pollution in the underground gas reservoir. We study the effects of fracturing water pollution on reservoir permeability with core experiments. According to the core experiments, we constructed an area-divided two-phase porous flow model to study the production of the underground gas reservoir considering fracturing water pollution. The simulation results are in good agreement with the field development data. It reveals that in the early, mid-term and late development, respectively, the fracturing water pollution accounts for 88%, 80% and 45% of the decline in permeability and production of the underground gas reservoir. In terms of the prevention of fracturing water pollution, reservoirs with an initial permeability over 0.20 mD are preferably produced by natural energy rather than fracturing. Once using the fracturing water, we suggest applying the propping agent with a large particle radius to reduce the pollution from the solid solute and adding the clay stabilizer and the surfactant to the fracturing water to reduce the pollution from the water solvent.

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19

Duda, A. M. "Achieving pollution prevention goals for transboundary waters through international joint commission processes." Water Science and Technology 30, no. 5 (September 1, 1994): 223–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0241.

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Across the world, transboundary water pollution interferes with man's use of water, degrades aquatic ecosystems, causes human health impacts, and increases tensions between nations. While developing nations are just beginning to assess the extent of transboundary water quality degradation, developed countries have learned over the years that pollution prevention, not cleanup actions or end-of-pipe treatment is the most cost-effective approach to fighting water pollution. The extent of transboundary water pollution across the world is reviewed in the paper, and key elements are outlined for addressing pollution prevention needs through joint institutions as part of international commissions. The Great Lakes/St. Lawrence River basin in North America is used as an example of where multimedia pollution prevention initiatives are being implemented to resolve transboundary pollution problems. The joint institutions for the Great Lakes cleanup utilized under the auspices of the International Joint Commission (U.S. and Canada) are described. Lessons learned from this experience include: (1) significance of multimedia pollution prevention measures to address toxic substances, (2) use of ecosystem-based, watershed approaches targeted to high priority catchments, and (3) political advantages of employing joint institutions to facilitate progress, undertake oversight and verification functions, foster public participation, and establish credibility and trust among the parties through joint fact-finding.

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20

Tao, Aixiang. "Decoupling Analysis of Water Environmental Pressure and Economic Growth in Shanghai." E3S Web of Conferences 136 (2019): 02004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913602004.

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While developing our economy, we also attach great importance to pollution prevention and control in order to improve the environmental quality. Water environmental pollution is an important part of environmental pollution. It is very meaningful to alleviate the pressure of water environment through the prevention and control of water environmental pollution. This paper uses decoupling theory to analyze the relationship between water environmental pressure and economic growth in Shanghai. The results show that, there is a strong decoupling between water environmental pressure and economic growth in Shanghai. The main reason is the transformation of industrial structure and the increase of investment in science and technology.

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21

Yuan, Yong Qiang. "A New Water Pollution Hierarchical Governance Policy for Liaohe River." Applied Mechanics and Materials 700 (December 2014): 413–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.700.413.

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Liaohe is one of our country key management “Three rivers and Three lakes” , Liaoning provincial government introduced a number of key policies to control pollution in the Liaohe River. Such as, local government leaders response for river pollution prevention in his Jurisdictions policy, source control and prevention policy, and so on. This articles makes river grading partition as guiding thought, and select microscopic scale’s three indicators-monitoring and assessment value ratio, the ratio of the total amount of pollutant emissions and water environmental capacity , environmental investment index as assessment indicators . These three indicators consturcted a Liaohe river management policy of river hierarchical governance and water quality achieve standard by period. The two ratios-monitoring and assessment value , the total amount of pollutant emissions and water environmental capacity’s value confirmation is based on Liaohe Tieling’s seven sections monitoring data. What this new water pollution hierarchical governance policy can do is support an positive and effective method for Liaohe river pollution prevention.

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22

Deng, Dexiang, Yan Wen, and Xi Zhou. "Strategies for Prevention and Control of Water Pollution in Villagers’ Livestock and Poultry Breeding Industry under the Rural Revitalization Strategy." E3S Web of Conferences 144 (2020): 01009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202014401009.

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The diversified development of villagers’ livestock and poultry breeding models according to local conditions is one of the important paths for rural revitalization. Design different operation modes of livestock and poultry breeding and corresponding prevention and control of water pollution measures, establish a coordinated mechanism for villagers’ breeding and its water pollution prevention, and develop strategies for villagers’ breeding prevention and control of water pollution such as setting up harmless treatment station of dead livestock and poultry in order to achieve the goal of win-win cooperation between villagers’ interests, people’s needs and rural ecological environment.

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23

Brosky, D. L. "Pollution Prevention: Part of Your Waste Management Program." Water Science and Technology 26, no. 1-2 (July 1, 1992): 289–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0409.

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The objective of this paper is to present information on pollution prevention practices and economics to recommend it as a significant part of industrial waste management. The waste reduction/waste minimization/pollution prevention sequence is described and optimized. Experiences in pollution prevention for three separate industries are presented. The pollution prevention approach is stressed for its positive effects on cost, expenses, environmental benefits, as well as other less tangible benefits. The conclusion is that you can generally reduce, minimize or eliminate waste and make money doing it. This is especially the case with old processes having significant residuals.

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24

Yang, Sai Ming. "Study on Water Resource Protection and Pollution Prevention of Mining Area." Applied Mechanics and Materials 275-277 (January 2013): 2752–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.275-277.2752.

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Freshwater resource in many parts of our country and the world is in shortage. Research on sustainable use of water resource is an advancing front topic.Based on analyzing the status of destroy and pollution of water resource in Nantun coal mining area, Countermeasures of water resource protection and pollution prevention in Nantun coal mining area are put forward.

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25

Khoroshev, V. G., V. V. Drozdov, N. P. Pogodin, and R. I. Gatin. "Prevention of Marine Ecosystems Pollution by Ballast Water from Vessels." Ecology and Industry of Russia 20, no. 1 (January 18, 2016): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2016-1-42-47.

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26

Hesheng, CHEN, and LI Youfen. "Planning Objectives and Thinking for Taihu Lake Water Pollution Prevention." Journal of Lake Sciences 10, s1 (1998): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.18307/1998.sup07.

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27

Sobek, Andrew A., Vijay Rastogi, and Donald A. Benedetti. "Prevention of water pollution problems in mining: The bactericide technology." International Journal of Mine Water 9, no. 1-4 (March 1990): 133–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02503688.

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28

Weng, Chih-Huang. "Water pollution prevention and state of the art treatment technologies." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 27, no. 28 (July 20, 2020): 34583–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09994-5.

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29

Vrtačnik, Metka, Danica Dolničar, Andreja Cizerle, Pavel Čok, Sasa A. Glažar, and Radojka Olbina. "Design of an expert system for water pollution determination/prevention." Expert Systems with Applications 5, no. 3-4 (January 1992): 403–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0957-4174(92)90024-m.

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30

Galvis, A., D. A. Zambrano, N. P. van der Steen, and H. J. Gijzen. "Evaluation of pollution prevention options in the municipal water cycle." Journal of Cleaner Production 66 (March 2014): 599–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.10.057.

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31

Sanin, M. V. "Problems of Irrigation Drainage Water Utilization for the Prevention of Surface Water Pollution." Water Science and Technology 28, no. 3-5 (August 1, 1993): 489–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0452.

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The paper analyses results of the inventory of irrigational water derivation in the former USSR. The ways of deriving return and collector-drainage waters, as well as the load exercised by these waters on water bodies, are investigated. The paper discusses the main areas of collector-drainage water re-use and utilization, the latter being regarded as a means of preventing surface water pollution and salinization in the zones of irrigation. Necessity in working out a concept of effective, ecologically substantiated use of collector-drainage waters is substantiated.

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32

Gao, Yu Nan, Ping Ping Zhang, and Jin Xiang Fu. "The Current Situation of Pollution Control and Management of the Liao River Basin." Applied Mechanics and Materials 178-181 (May 2012): 1046–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.178-181.1046.

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Анотація:

The current situations of water environmental problem, water quality, water pollution prevention and control of the Liao River are analyzed and evaluated in this paper. The results show that a serious current situation of the Liao River water quality. The main pollution sources are: grave mountain forest vegetation destruction; serious soil and water loss; densely populated city; great pressure of sewage treatment; low coverage rate of the urban sewage pipe network; serious phenomenon for sewage straightly discharge and level of recycled water reuse. This paper aims at putting forward more attention on the work of basin pollution prevention and treatment; fundamentally relieve water source-oriented supply pressure.

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33

Ozawa, Mitsuyoshi. "Water Pollution Control Administration in Japan." Water Science and Technology 20, no. 6-7 (June 1, 1988): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1988.0183.

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Анотація:

In the 1960's environmental pollution began to pose a serious problem in Japan. To cope with the situation, the Basic Law for Environmental Pollution Control and other related laws and regulations were legislated. In 1970 in particular, a Central Headquarters for Environmental Pollution Control (headed by the Prime Minister) was established as the center of environmental pollution control administration, and 14 Pollution related laws including an amendment to the Basic Law for Environmental Pollution Control were enacted by the so-called environmental pollution control session of the Diet at the end of that year. Along with the legislation of the related laws and regulations, the Environment Agency was inaugurated on July 1, 1971 in order to obtain comprehensiveness and unity in environmental administration. The agency took over and coordinated the administrative measures on the prevention of environmental pollution and the conservation of nature, which had previously been handled by various related ministries and agencies, and has been furthering these measures comprehensively.

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34

Ferraro, Paul. "The pollution prevention partnership: a Colorado voluntary private/public environmental initiative." Water Science and Technology 30, no. 5 (September 1, 1994): 215–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0240.

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Анотація:

It started with breakfast. In 1989 representatives from industry, regulatory agencies and public interest groups began to meet over early morning coffee. At first they sought a better dialogue between industries and regulatory agencies-turning potential adversaries into team-mates. Later, this “breakfast club” evolved into the Pollution Prevention Partnership, a Colorado voluntary environmental initiative. The goal: working together to prevent pollution at its source. By 1991, the Pollution Prevention Partnership (PPP) formed a non-profit organization. The Partnership set new standards for reducing pollution in Colorado's industries by making it easier for regulatory officials, public interest spokespeople and industry representatives to meet and forge new solutions to environmental problems. The first major project, “SolvNet I,” focused on reducing the use of 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA). TCA poses both health and environmental hazards. PPP set a goal for each company in the Partnership to reduce its use and release of this industrial “solvent-of-choice” by 70%. Partnership members methodically searched for more acceptable alternatives, testing over 50 compounds. By making changes in processes, products and business methods, they exceeded their goal. Pollution prevention-by reducing solvent use-reduces burdensome regulatory compliance, taxes and surcharges. The work has not stopped there. The Partnership is reaching beyond its membership to other Colorado businesses. Members conducted technical workshops for other industry representatives. The Partnership hosted a luncheon for Colorado's top corporate executives. They worked with the Waste Minimization Assessment Center, of Colorado State University, to perform waste assessments at small and medium size industries in Colorado. Work is also under way on SolvNet II, an expanded program designed to reduce hazardous industrial waste by the Partnership's industrial members. This paper presents the purpose and goals of the Pollution Prevention Partnership. It discusses the SolvNet I and SolvNet II projects, gives perspectives on how companies succeeded in preventing pollution, and outlines the Partnerships technical assistance activities.

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35

Alexander, Susan V. "Pollution Control and Prevention at Containerized Nursery Operations." Water Science and Technology 28, no. 3-5 (August 1, 1993): 509–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0454.

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Анотація:

Most plant materials marketed in the United States are produced in containers under controlled growing conditions at large (> 20 ha) nurseries located in southern and pacific coast states. The nursery/greenhouse business is one of the fastest growing segments of American agriculture accounting for 11% of all crop income in 1991. Runoff and irrigation return flow from containerized nursery facilities can contain nitrogen, phosphorus, bacteria, certain pesticides, various salts, and trace metals. Because of their large size, the intensity of the growing cycle, the huge volume of water needed to produce the product, and the concentration of these nurseries in certain areas, there is the potential for diffuse pollution from these nurseries to adversely impact a number of surface and ground water systems in the southern and western United States. Discharges from nursery/greenhouse operations are not federally regulated although some states require large facilities to obtain discharge permits. A number of larger nurseries in Texas, Oklahoma, and California have designed and installed pollution control and prevention systems that appear to be effective. This paper will provide background information about containerized plant culture and discuss the structural, vegetative, and management Best Management Practices that are in use at two different large containerized nurseries in Texas.

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36

Bridges, James S. "U.S. EPA's Pollution Prevention RD&D Results: “Practical Tools for the Trade”." Water Science and Technology 29, no. 8 (April 1, 1994): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0409.

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Waste minimization/pollution prevention has become the strategic approach to waste management in the 90s and the hope for environmental management as we enter the third millenium. Nearly a decade ago, EPA's Office of Research and Development began a focused Waste Minimization Research Program to identify and demonstrate technology for reducing the generation of wastes and shifted the Agency's priority from end-of-pipe controls to the prevention of waste generation. The purpose of this presentation is to share a number of the results from several years of researching engineering solutions to multi-media problems, building a sound scientific foundation to support pollution prevention (P2) principles, and developing and demonstrating pollution prevention technologies, tools, and techniques. The “tools of the trade” for pollution prevention are the research reports that provide results of technology development, the case studies and demonstrations of P2 technologies, and the technical guides and manuals for conducting P2 activities. Technology Development - Tools resulting from technology development include the numerous research reports and briefs from: 1) the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Program, 2) Pollution Prevention Measurement Projects, and 3) the Innovative Clean Technologies Program. Technology Demonstration - Tools resulting from technology demonstration include the research reports and summaries from: 1) the Waste Reduction Innovative Technology Evaluation (WRITE) Program, 2) the Waste Reduction Evaluation At Federal Sites (WREAFS) Program, 3) the New Jersey/EPA Waste Minimization Assessment Project, and 4) Small Generator Waste Minimization Assessment Program. Technical Guides and Manuals - These tools include: 1) Facility Pollution Prevention Guide. 2) 16 industry specific guides to pollution prevention, 3) Background Document on Clean Products Research and Implementation, and 4) Industrial Pollution Prevention Opportunities for the 1990s. Much of the EPA's Pollution Prevention RD&D Program has focused on the development and demonstration of practical tools to encourage the development and adoption of processing technologies mid products that will lead to reducing the aggregate generation rates for pollutants entering various environmental media. The strategic direction for pollution prevention RD&D through the 1990s is: 1) to study high risk environmental problems where P2 offers a cost-effective solution for reducing the risks, 2) to conduct cross-cutting research such as measurement, modelling, and LCA that can be applied to multiple problems, and 3) to establish joint global P2 RD&D ventures where products and processes know no waste generating boundaries.

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37

Pichtel, John. "Oil and Gas Production Wastewater: Soil Contamination and Pollution Prevention." Applied and Environmental Soil Science 2016 (2016): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2707989.

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During oil and natural gas production, so-called “produced water” comprises the largest byproduct stream. In addition, many oil and gas operations are augmented via injection of hydraulic fracturing (HF) fluids into the formation. Both produced water and HF fluids may contain hundreds of individual chemicals, some known to be detrimental to public health and the environment. Oil and gas production wastewater may serve a range of beneficial purposes, particularly in arid regions, if managed correctly. Numerous treatment technologies have been developed that allow for injection, discharge to the land surface, or beneficial reuse. Although many papers have addressed the effects of oil and gas production wastewater (OGPW) on groundwater and surface water quality, significantly less information is available on the effects of these fluids on the soil resource. This review paper compiles fundamental information on numerous chemicals used and produced during oil and gas development and their effects on the soil environment. Additionally, pollution prevention technologies relating to OGPW are presented. An understanding of the effects of OGPW on soil chemical, physical, and biological properties can provide a foundation for effective remediation of OGPW-affected soils; additionally, sustainable reuse of oil and gas water for irrigation and industrial purposes may be enhanced.

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38

O'Loughlin, G. G. "POLLUTION PREVENTION AND POLITICS — THE RECENT EXPERIENCE IN SYDNEY." Water Science and Technology 30, no. 1 (July 1, 1994): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0002.

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The New South Wales State Government has embarked on a multi-billion dollar programme of pollution abatement in Sydney, The socio-economic and political factors which have prompted this are described, These illustrate the complexities of dealing with pollution problems while social values alter, public organisations experience administrative change and financial pressures, and politicians try to balance environmental and economic objectives, The technical progress of the Sydney initiatives to reduce storm water runoff and sewer overflow pollution is also outlined.

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39

Karras, Greg. "Industry: Pollution Prevention: The Chevron Story." Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development 31, no. 8 (October 1, 1989): 4–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00139157.1989.9928968.

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40

Saha, Papita, Siddhartha Datta, and Shyamal Kanti Sanyal. "Hazardous Waste Pollution Prevention Using Clay with Admixtures." CLEAN – Soil, Air, Water 36, no. 2 (February 2008): 230–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/clen.200700086.

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41

Bandyopadhyay, Amitava. "Air Pollution Prevention and Control: Bioreactors and Bioenergy." CLEAN - Soil, Air, Water 41, no. 9 (September 2013): 934–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/clen.201370044.

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42

Lei, Xiaodong, Miao Jin, and Gareth R. Williams. "Layered Double Hydroxides in the Remediation and Prevention of Water Pollution." Energy and Environment Focus 3, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 4–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/eef.2014.1086.

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43

Dawson, Andrew, and S. Baltzer. "State-of-practice in Prevention of Water-born Pollution from Pavements." Road Materials and Pavement Design 8, no. 4 (January 2007): 745–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14680629.2007.9690097.

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44

Vuković, Predrag, Vesna Popović, Jonel Subić, and Nataša Kljajić. "Prevention of water pollution caused by nitrates from agriculture in Serbia." Ekonomika poljoprivrede 65, no. 3 (2018): 895–910. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/ekopolj1803895v.

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45

Hou, Li'an, Zuxin Xu, Hailong Yin, and Lin Zhang. "Comprehensive Evaluation on China's Law on Water Pollution Prevention and Control." Chinese Journal of Engineering Science 24, no. 5 (2022): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.15302/j-sscae-2022.05.015.

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46

Chatterjee, Tishya. "Enhancing community welfare through improved water quality: a case for applying staggered pollution charges in the river Musi sub-basin of Andhra Pradesh, India." Water Policy 7, no. 5 (October 1, 2005): 469–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2005.0028.

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In conditions of severe water-pollution and dormant community acceptance of accumulating environmental damage, the regulator's role goes beyond pollution prevention and more towards remediation and solutions based on the community's long-term expectations of economic benefits from clean water. This paper suggests a method to enable these benefits to become perceptible progressively, through participatory clean-up operations, supported by staggered pollution charges. It analyses the relevant literature on pollution prevention and applies a cost-based “willingness to pay” model, using primary basin-level data of total marginal costs. It develops a replicable demand-side approach imposing charge-standard targets over time in urban-industrial basins of developing countries.

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47

Mao, Li Hua, and Xue Mei Han. "Countermeasures of Non-Point Source Pollution Prevention and Control in Wohushan Waterhead Area." Advanced Materials Research 864-867 (December 2013): 1466–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.864-867.1466.

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Wohushan reservoir is an important drinking water source for south urban area of Jinan, however, the water quality of Wohushan reservoir is not safe, and agricultural non-point source pollution is the main reason that caused the water quality deteriorate. This paper analysed the sources of non-point source pollution through datum of population and agriculture production and other economic and social activities in Wohushan reservoir area. The water quality effect of domestic sewage, house refuse, live stock dung, and unreasonable use of fertilizer and pesticide were discussed as emphasis. Further more, the factors of the non-point source pollution were summarized according to policy, statute, economic, technology etc. At last, countermeasures of non-point source pollution prevention and control were proposed based on the source and pathway control of contaminates including perfect law system, strengthen policy guidance, increase funding, use fertilizer and pesticide reasonably, popularize biotechnology and methane tank, carry out efficient eco-agriculture construction, etc.

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48

Soerya, Balada, Jaya Edianta, Siti Lailaturofi'ah, Aniendita Ningtyas, Fitri Suryani Arsyad, Dedi Setiabudidaya, and Siti Sailah. "REVIEW OF CHARACTERISTICS AND PROPERTIES OF FE2O3/SIO2 AS WATER POLLUTION PREVENTION." Indonesian Physical Review 5, no. 1 (February 8, 2022): 36–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/ipr.v5i1.131.

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The existence of water on earth is very abundant and has a vital role in the source of life for every living creature. In managing water resources, pollution is one of the issues world researchers face. This article reviews the characteristics and methods of synthesizing Fe2O3 and SiO2 materials to prevent water pollution. The strategies administrated antecedently square measure vapor deposition, microemulsion, solvothermal, coprecipitation, sol-gel, and hydrothermal. The formation of fine quality nanoparticles with controlled size associate degreed size distribution square measure typically achieved by selecting an applicable solvent mixture and varied parameters like temperature, pressure, and time interval.

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Liao, Qiu Yang, Shao Hong You, Meng Hua Chen, and Ming Yun Yang. "The Application of Combined Sewage Treatment Technology in Rural Polluted Water Prevention and Control." Applied Mechanics and Materials 507 (January 2014): 782–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.507.782.

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With the constant development of new socialist countryside in our country and the new requirement of eco-environments construction proposed in the 18th National Party Congress. Sewage treatment equipments in rural area are in great demand year by year. New technologies in rural areas aim at dealing with sewage increase continuously. This thesis introduces the water quality of water system and lakes in our country, analyzing the influence of rural pollution, pointing out the current problems when we tackle with water pollution. The last part is the application of several small combined sewage treatment machines used in water pollution prevention and control in rural area.

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Zayer, Mohammed H. "Saudi Aramco Oil Spill Approach, Prevention, and Readiness." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2001, no. 1 (March 1, 2001): 725–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2001-1-725.

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ABSTRACT The oceans are a major source of food, livelihood, recreation, trade, and, in the case of many desert or semi-desert countries, a source of fresh water. In addition oceans serve as the primary carriers of another precious resource, petroleum. Saudi Aramco's environmental policy is to ensure that its operations do not create undue risk to the environment or public health. It also states that the company will conduct its operation with full concern for the protection of land, air, and water from harmful pollution. To carry out this policy, the company has taken several important precautionary and preparatory measures to ensure minimization of pollution from its operation at the various sectors. Saudi Aramco has adopted the age-old maxim that an ounce of prevention is better than a pound of cure. Since oil is a major potential source of marine pollution, the company has started with minimizing the accidental introduction of oil into the marine environment.

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