Дисертації з теми "Water-ethanol mixture"
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Hashi, Mohamed. "Ethanol Recovery from Carbon Dioxide Stripped Ethanol-Water Vapor Mixture Using Adsorption." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28549.
Повний текст джерелаBenson, Tracy John. "Dehydration of an ethanol/water mixture using lignocellulosic based adsorbents." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2003. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-11102003-171312.
Повний текст джерелаShirridan, Caroline. "The catalytic decomposition of ethanol to a synthesis gas mixture." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/11913.
Повний текст джерелаDemir, Ayhan. "NMR-the basic principles and its use in studies of water/ethanol/mixture." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Kemiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-57881.
Повний текст джерелаVisagie, Pieter Johannes Jacobus. "The analysis of an ammonia/water hybrid heat pump in the ethanol production process / by Pieter J.J. Visagie." Thesis, North-West University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/2529.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (M.Ing. (Mechanical Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2009.
Kumar, Naresh. "Desulfurization of coal using ethanol, water and ethanol/water mixtures." Ohio : Ohio University, 1993. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1175712666.
Повний текст джерелаBerryman, P. J. "Molecular dynamics simulations of ethanol and ethanol-water mixtures." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2006. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/804937/.
Повний текст джерелаGaubeur, Ivanise. "Determinação das constantes de dissociação/ionização da di-2-piridil cetona benzoilhidrazona (DPKBH) em diferentes porcentagens de etanol." Universidade de São Paulo, 1997. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46133/tde-15022016-165753/.
Повний текст джерелаThe di-2-pyridyl ketone benzoylhydrazone (DPKBH) is a soluble reagent in different organic solvents but slightly soluble in water. It has been used for metal determinations, (mainly transition metals) such as for Fe (II), Fe(III), Ni(II), Cu(II) and also like a reference ligand to study the behavior of Fe(II) and Fe(III) ions in the presence of organic species found in natural waters. So as to better understand the DPKBH properties In ethanol, it was necessary to determine the dissociation/ionization constant in different percentages of ethanol (l0, 19, 29 and 48%). In these ethanol percentages, through absolute pH measurements, pKs of DPKBH could be the found by using the potentiometric technique, and in 10 and 48% of ethanol the pKs of DPKBH were determined with pH measurements associated to absorbance of the species present in the equilibria by using the spectrophotometric technique. In appropiate percentage of ethanol the behavior of the glass electrode was previously determined. The pK1 values 3.210; 3.342; 3.398 and 3.362, and pK2 10.834; 11.013; 11.793 and 11.382 were found for 10,19,29,48 % of ethanol, by using the potentiometric technique. The spectrophotometric technique led to pK1 values 3.257 and 3.322, and the pK2 ones 10.880 and 11. 820 in 10 and 48 % of ethanol respectively.
Franks, A. P. "Adsorption of ethanol-water mixtures on high silica zeolites." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/38319.
Повний текст джерелаJAIN, ABHISHEK. "DEVELOPMENT OF MEMBRANES FOR LIQUID PHASE ETHANOL-WATER SEPARATION." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1109038241.
Повний текст джерела(arican), Yuksel Berna. "Pervaporation Of Ethanol/water Mixtures By Zeolite A Membranes Synthesized In Batch And Flow Systems." Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612891/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаC. The membranes were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and pervaporation of 90 wt% ethanol-10 wt% water mixtures. v Pure zeolite A membranes were synthesized both in batch and flow systems. The membranes synthesized in batch system have fluxes around 0.2-0.3 kg/m2h and selectivities in the range of 10-100. Membranes with higher selectivities were obtained in batch system by using waterglass as silica source, seeding by dip-coating wiping method, and with a batch composition of 3.4Na2O:Al2O3:2SiO2:155H2O. The membranes prepared in flow system have higher pervaporation performances than the ones prepared in batch system in considering both flux and the selectivity. Fluxes were around 0.3-3.7 kg/m2h and selectivities were in the range of 102-104 for the membranes prepared in flow system which are comparable with the data reported in literature for batch and flow systems. A high quality zeolite A membrane was also synthesized from 3.4Na2O:Al2O3:2SiO2:200H2O hydrogel at 95 °
C for 17 hours in flow system. Pervaporation flux of this membrane was 1.2 kg/m2h with a selectivity >
25,000 at 50°
C. Although the synthesis method is resulted with high quality membrane, reproducibility of the synthesis method is poor and it should be improved.
Sokolov, Roman. "Convection in ethanol-water mixtures in the large negative separation ratio and non-Boussinesq regimes /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3167815.
Повний текст джерелаLajhar, Fathi. "Electrospray for pulmonary drug delivery." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2018. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/electrospray-for-pulmonary-drug-delivery(b8aeaea9-9032-40f5-a8e0-b51c1ba8c8f8).html.
Повний текст джерелаMesguich, David. "Elaboration de matériaux nanostructurés pour piles à combustible SOFC : application à Nd2NiO4+d et Ce1-xAxO2-y." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR14036/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe ongoing development of Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells implies the optimization of the synthesis and deposition methods for the new materials developed these past years. Indeed, electrochemical properties of these materials are closely linked to the initial powder characteristics as well as the electrode (or electrolyte) microstructure after deposition. Significant improvement of the aforementioned properties can be obtained via nanostructuration of the materials. Thus, this thesis is dedicated to the synthesis of the cathode material Nd2NiO4+d and the electrolyte material Ce1-xAxO2-d. Methods employed are namely nanopowder synthesis in water/ethanol supercritical mixtures and spray pyrolysis as well as thin film deposition in supercritical fluids. The obtained objects have finally been characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in order to assess their performance for the SOFC application
Chen, Ying-Chun, and 陳瑩純. "Pervaporation Separation of Ethanol-Water Mixture Through Modified Polyurethane Membrane." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/37254868284842869773.
Повний текст джерела中原大學
化學工程研究所
91
Polyurethane (PU) membrane has a poor selectively for separating ethanol-water mixtures, but it has good mechanical properties and chemical resistance. Polyurethane membrane is suitable to be used as matrix. In order to improve the hydrophilic property of the PU membrane, utilize chemical initiation to graft hydrophilic monomers, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate (HBA), onto polyurethane membrane, respectively. The grafted membrane was applied in the pervaporation processes for ethanol-water separation. Changing degree of grafting onto polyurethane membrane with initial monomer concentration added was investigated. The effects of degree of grafting, feed concentration, feed temperature, and different kinds of hydrophilic monomer on the variation of separation factor and permeation rate were investigated. In this study, the factors of the initial monomer concentration, and monomer structure were affected the degree of grafting on the PU membrane. Higher and lower initial monomer concentration makes lower degree of grafting. The effects of degree of grafting, feed composition, operating temperature, and different kinds of hydrophilic monomer on the separation factor and permeation rate of ethanol-water pervaporation of grafted membranes were studied. From the experiment results, the separation factors of 99.07 and 387.12 and permeation rates of 6133 and 6196 g/m2hr for the PU-g-HEMA membrane with a degree of grafting, 17.79%, and the PU-g-HBA membrane with a degree of grafting, 38.11%, respectively, under the conditions of 90wt% ethanol feed concentration, and 25℃ operating temperature. Compared with PU membrane, which possess the separation factor of 15.56 and permeation rate of 4335 g/m2hr, the modified PU membranes show appreciable improvement in the performance.
Ghosh, Rikhia. "Structure and Dynamics of Macromolecular Solvation in Aqueous Binary Mixtures : From Polymers to Proteins." Thesis, 2015. http://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/3869.
Повний текст джерелаGhosh, Rikhia. "Structure and Dynamics of Macromolecular Solvation in Aqueous Binary Mixtures : From Polymers to Proteins." Thesis, 2015. http://etd.iisc.ernet.in/2005/3869.
Повний текст джерелаYANG, KUN-HAO, and 楊坤豪. "Hydrophilic Modification of Polyimide/polysulfone Membranes for Dehydration of Ethanol/water Mixture by Pervaporation." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/yprn34.
Повний текст джерела嘉南藥理大學
環境工程與科學系
105
The purpose of this investigation is focused on the hydrophilic modification of polysulfone(PSF), poly ether imide(PEI), and polysulfone/ poly ether imide membranes on the improvement of separation performance of pervaporation process for dehydration of ethanol/water mixtures. The wet phase inversion method was used to prepare the modified membranes and posted coating poly ethylene imine for hydrophilic enhancement. The hydrophilic properties of modified membranes were tested by water contact angle measurement. The influent factors on the separation performance of modified membranes were included casting polymer concentration, poly ethylene imine concentration, ionization, feed ethanol concentration and operation temperature in pervaporation process. It was found that the increase in casting polymer concentration increased the skin layer thickness and improved the separation factors of membrane. The optimum prepared polysulfone membrane presented a 267 g/m2hr permeation flux and 334 separation factor. The best poly ethylene imine coating membrane showed a 200 g/m2hr permeation flux and 636 separation factor on pervaporation test. It is worth to noted that those modified membrane will be further increased the separation factor after using the chloride acid ionization. The permeation flux increased with increasing the operation temperature during the PV test due to the enhancement on polymer chain mobility of in the PV process. On the other hand, the feed ethanol concentration on the membrane swelling properties showed the significantly changed the permeation and separation behavior in the PV process. It is concluded that the modification of polyethylene imine coating and ionization exactly increased the hydrophilic of membranes and also improved the separation performance in this investigation.
Wu, Chun-peng, and 吳俊朋. "Simulation and design of numerical experiment of pressure swing adsorption process in separation of ethanol-water mixture." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/71295032215584722487.
Повний текст джерела國立中央大學
化學工程與材料工程研究所
98
This thesis contains two parts。The first part is a Design of Experiment(DOE) of a two-bed-eight-step PSA process of dehydration ethanol from previous work of our group. Feed pressure, production time, purge time, backfill time and feed temperature are the factors of full factorial design of experiment. The process of second part comes from previous work of our group but some operating conditions had changed. Besides adding one adsorption bed to the process, a storage tank is also added。Expecting recovery could be increased by removing purge step and at the same time some operating conditions are also altered to keep ethanol purity at 99.5wt% which fits the goal of dehydration ethanol。The PSA process is a three-bed-nine step process. Feed pressure, feed temperature, vent pressure, production time and backfill time are chosen to do full factorial design factors of experimental design。
Chen, Chia-Wie, and 陳家偉. "Two-Step Growth of MOCVD Copper Using the mixture of ethanol alcohol and water as the additive." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/85463140612554993861.
Повний текст джерела國立臺灣科技大學
化學工程系
91
The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the two-step growth of MOCVD copper using thin films the mixture of ethanol alcohol and water as the additive. In the first step , we deposited Cu2O films with the mixture of ethanol alcohol and water as the additive at 275℃.In the second step, the Cu2O films were reduced to metallic copper by ethanol alcohol as the reducing agent at the same temperature. A highly dense, conformal, and continuous Cu thin film can be deposited for Cu seed layer application. The effect of temperature on Cu2O films was that the amount of Cu atoms increased with the temperature. The grain size of Cu thin film after reduction also increased with the temperature. The optimum temperature was 275℃ for the deposition of copper thin films for 3 min,and then the grain size was 350 Å .In addition, we observed that the grain size increased with time and the best resistivity is 3.99 µΩ-cm . To deposit highly dense、continuous and pure copper films, a muti-layer two- step growth method was performed on the TaN substrate at 250℃ .
"Experimental and Modeling Study on Pervaporation Separation of Ethanol and Water Mixture by Polycrystalline MFI Zeolite Membranes." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.39444.
Повний текст джерелаDissertation/Thesis
Masters Thesis Chemical Engineering 2016
Banerjee, Saikat. "Hydrophobicity and Composition-Dependent Anomalies in Aqueous Binary Mixtures, along with some Contribution to Diffusion on Rugged Energy Landscape." Thesis, 2014. http://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/3025.
Повний текст джерелаBanerjee, Saikat. "Hydrophobicity and Composition-Dependent Anomalies in Aqueous Binary Mixtures, along with some Contribution to Diffusion on Rugged Energy Landscape." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/3025.
Повний текст джерелаNair, Anjali S. "Microscopic Investigations of Dynamics of Linear Diatomics and Ions in Water and Aqueous Binary Mixtures." Thesis, 2021. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/5606.
Повний текст джерелаWang, Yao-Chun, and 王耀羣. "Behaviors of Water/Ethanol Mixtures inside Au Nanotubes." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64302803973226111464.
Повний текст джерела國立中山大學
機械與機電工程學系研究所
100
In this dissertation, the molecular behaviors of water/ethanol mixtures of different weight fractions inside Au nanotubes of different radii at steady state were investigated by molecular dynamics simulation. Five weight fractions of water/ethanol (0/100, 100/0, 25/75, 50/50, and 75/25) and three radii of Au nanotubes (13, 22, and 31.1 Å) were considered in order to understand the effects of Au nanotube size and water/ethanol fraction on the structural and dynamical behaviors of the water and ethanol molecules. The density profiles show two shell-like formations inside the Au nanotubes because water molecules prefer to adsorb on the wall of Au nanotube. According to the density distribution, the space inside Au nanotubes can be divided into three regions, those of contact, transition, and bulk regions, in order from the interior wall surface to the nanotube center. The bulk region has a lower local weight fraction compared to the system water/ethanol weight fraction. In addition, the local water/ethanol weight fraction in the contact region is higher than that of the system. When the system water/ethanol weight fraction becomes higher, the local water/ethanol weight fraction also becomes higher. In 25/75, 50/50, and 75/25 weight fraction mixtures, the number of H-bonds per water and per ethanol are different from those of pure 100% water and 100% ethanol in the Au nanotube due to the nanoconfinement effect. Moreover, the distribution of number of H-bonds in regions where there is only one material will be similar to the distribution in the corresponding region of the pure material, whether 100% water or ethanol. In all regions, the probability to form different H-bonds is affected significantly by the local weight fraction of water/ethanol. Three radii of Au nanotubes (13, 22, and 31.1 Å) were considered in order to understand the effects of Au nanotube size and water/ethanol fraction on the structural and dynamical behaviors of the water and ethanol molecules. In the transition and bulk regions, diffusion coefficients for water and ethanol molecules become higher due to the weak interaction with Au atoms. The values of diffusion coefficients for water molecules in the contact regions are much lower than for those in other regions and are similar for different water/ethanol weight fractions due to the strong interaction with Au atoms. When the radius of the Au nanotube becomes larger, the values of local weight fraction inside the larger radius Au nanotube become higher than those inside small radius Au nanotubes because the ratio of water number to the nanotube inner surface area becomes higher. In addition, water inside a larger radius Au nanotube has a shorter water-water hydrogen bond lifetime (H-bond) in the contact region because the smaller curvature causes weaker interaction with Au atoms.
Bagchi, Debjani. "Nature Of Criticality, Structuring, And Phase Behavior Of Complex Fluids." Thesis, 2006. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/401.
Повний текст джерелаBagchi, Debjani. "Nature Of Criticality, Structuring, And Phase Behavior Of Complex Fluids." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/401.
Повний текст джерелаDai-Hua, Tsai, and 蔡黛華. "adsorption behavior of ethanol / water mixtures over ion-exchange resins." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/01399061433905973220.
Повний текст джерела國立臺灣科技大學
化學工程系
89
This study was to investigate the adsorption behavior of ethanol /water mixtures over ion-exchange resins (Amberlyst 15, Amberlyst 35, and Amberlyst 39). The experiments included three parts:dynamic uptake behavior, adsorption equilibria, and breakthrough curves. The operation temperatures were 293.15 K, 303.15 K, and 318.15 K. The results of dynamic uptake behavior showed that the adsorption ability of the resins for water was in the order of Amberlyst 39>Amberlyst 15> Amberlyst 35. The selectivity coefficient (K) between water and ethanol was determined by fitting the equilibrium isotherm to a simple model assuming that K was a constant over the entire composition range. It was indicated that the selectivity decreased with increasing temperature. The breakthrough curves of the studied systems were fairly correlated with the model of Weber and Chakravorti (1974). External film mass transfer coefficient and effective diffusivity were determined from the data correlation. The mass transfer coefficient of water in the resins were in the order of Amberlyst 39>Amberlyst 15> Amberlyst 35. In addition, the breakthrough curves were fitted to a breakthrough function and thus the shape factor, β, of each run was obtained. The lower of β, the more favorable adsorption isotherm was expected. The results of this study showed that Amberlyst 39 is the most flavorable adsorbent for separation of ethanol / water solutions.
"Pervaporation Of Ethanol/Water mixtures using PDMS mixed matrix membranes." Master's thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.15095.
Повний текст джерелаDissertation/Thesis
M.S. Chemical Engineering 2012
Wu, Tseng-tsen, and 吳政珍. "Pervaporation of water-ethanol mixtures through symmetric and asymmetric TPX membranes." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03126754057611493828.
Повний текст джерелаTsou, Meng-Shan, and 鄒孟珊. "Convective Boiling of Ethanol-Water Mixtures in a Single Diverging Micro-channel." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/16270714766683597499.
Повний текст джерелаWang, Chun-Wei, and 王俊為. "The study on the purification of ethanol-water mixtures by pervaporation processes." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13157332069887297912.
Повний текст джерела淡江大學
化學工程與材料工程學系碩士班
99
The mass transport of ethanol solvent dehydration process by using pervaporation (PV) modules has been investigated theoretically. Pervaporation modules were employed instead of the traditional ethanol-solution distillation process which was known as a high energy consuming process. Two operation systems were studied in the present study such as batch and continuous systems. The solution-diffusion model was used to describe the mass transfer behavior in dense membrane layer. Accordingly, the overall mass-transfer resistance from the feed stream to the permeate side was thus calculated with the aid of resistance-in-series model. A mathematical treatment in two-dimensional partial differential equations (PDEs) has been developed by making the differential mass balance in the continuous PV system. The partial differential equations can be transformed into an ordinary differential equations (ODEs) system using finite difference technique and then solved by using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method. The activity coefficient on ethanol/water mixture were estimated by UNIversal Functional Activity Coefficient (UNIFAC) method to obtain the partial pressure of non-ideal binary mixture for predicting the permeate flux across membrane. The influences of feed solution concentration, feed volumetric flow rate, and membrane material under fixed feed temperature on the mass flux across the membrane were obtained and the concentration polarization phenomena in the feed stream were also discussed.
Liu, Yu-Wei, and 劉祐維. "Immobilization of starch sorbents for the selective adsorption of ethanol-water mixtures." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13929526236190613448.
Повний текст джерела中原大學
化學工程研究所
98
Ethanol gasoline is a mixture of anhydrous ethanol and diesel, which may replace gasoline contain lead, and serve as bio-fuel. If the water content of ethanol is less than 0.5 wt %, and it may be blended into gasoline used in engine. Otherwise, the engine should be redesigned. Zeolite 3A is a widely used adsorbent in industry for ethanol dehydration. However, it has a low efficiency with adsorption selectivity and regeneration. Recently, some investigators have tried to use biomass based materials as a replacement to Zeolite 3A, such as starch. However, starch powder was recovered after adsorption with water vapor, and significant decrease of its adsorption ability was observed. In the present study, starch was immobilized into silica gel using sol-gel method for solving these problems. Results of energy-dispersive x-ray analysis showed that the starch particles are successfully immobilized into silica gel. The selectivity of the new material was found to be 2.4 times than that of Zeolite 3A. The adsorption ability of the new material increased by about 36.3% compared to that of raw starch. Furthermore, data using isotherm models and R-square values analysis suggested that Langmuir model is the most suitable model for this adsorbent material. Based on the above results, the immobilized starch was proven to be superior in terms of adsorption selectivity and regeneration ability over other adsorbents. Thus, this adsorbent material might be a potential adsorbent for application in ethanol dehydration systems.
Ali, Hany S. M., Peter York, Nicholas Blagden, S. Soltanpour, W. E. Jr Acree, and A. Jouyban. "Solubility of Budesonide, Hydrocortisone, and Prednisolone in Ethanol plus Water Mixtures at 298.2 K." 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4853.
Повний текст джерелаExperimental solubilities of budesonide, hydrocortisone, and prednisolone in ethanol + water mixtures at 298.2 K are reported. The solubility of drugs was increased with the addition of ethanol and reached the maximum values of the volume fractions of 90 %, 80 %, and 80 % of ethanol. The Jouyban-Acree model was used to fit the experimental data, and the solubilities were reproduced using previously trained versions of the Jouyban-Acree model and the solubility data in monosolvents in which the overall mean relative deviations (OMRDs) of the models were 5.1 %, 6.4 %, 37.7 %, and 35.9 %, respectively, for the fitted model, the trained version for ethanol + water mixtures, and generally trained versions for various organic solvents + water mixtures. Solubilities were also predicted by a previously established log-linear model of Yalkowsky with the OMRD of 53.8 %.
Chen, Li-Hao, and 陳力豪. "Densities, Viscosities, Surface Tensions, and Refractive Indexes for Mixtures of Ethanol, Water, and 1,3-Propanediol." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50400972767587861244.
Повний текст джерела靜宜大學
應用化學系
99
The chemicals used in this study include ethanol、water and 1,3-propanediol, because the applications of these solvents are very wide, and they are also fed in with green solvents with very low toxicity. Ethanol is a good solvent and can dissolve a lot of organic medicines. It can be applied extensively not only in pharmacy, but also in cosmetics. Water can be used widespreadly. We can find its values in lots of areas, like pharmacy, cosmetics, and food industries. 1,3-propanediol can be applied in pharmacy and cosmetics as a excipient or a humectant. In this work, we obtained reliable density, viscosity, refractive index, and surface tension at the temperatures of 298.15 K, 308.15 K, 318.15 K, and 328.15 K for the three binary systems of ethanol + water, ethanol + 1,3-propanediol, and water + 1,3-propanediol, and the ternary system of ethanol + water + 1,3-propanediol at the temperature of 298.15 K under atmospheric pressure. The excess molar volumes (VE), deviations in the viscosity (Δη), deviations in the surface tension (Δσ), mole fraction deviations in the refractive index (ΔxnD), and volume-fraction deviations in the refractive index (ΔφnD) for the mixtures were derived from these experimental data. The binary data of VE, Δη, Δσ and ΔnD were correlated as a function of the mole fraction using the Redlich-Kister equation. The ternary excess data were correlated with the equations of Jasiński and Malanowski, Cibulka, Singh et al., Pintos et al., Calvo et al., and Mascato et al. The ternary data were also predicted using the equation of Scatchard et al., Tsao and Smith, Toop, Kohler, Colinet, and Jacob and Fitzner. The result is reasonally closed to the experimental result.
Kang, Chao-Hsiang, and 康朝翔. "Meso-microporous materials/Chitosan mixed-matrix membranes with improved separation performance of water/ethanol mixtures." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/80887519011872881041.
Повний текст джерела中原大學
化學工程研究所
101
In this study, microporous ZIF-7 (zeolitic imidazolate framework-7) and meso-micro PB (Prussian Blue) particles were successfully incorporated into chitosan (CS) membranes to form mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs). The as-prepared MMMs were used to separate mixtures of water/ethanol at 25oC in the pervaporation process. In the first, the separation efficiency of MMMs with 5 wt % ZIF-7 incorporation showed 19 times higher than that of the pristine CS membranes, because of the rigidified polymer chain of the MMMs. The other nano-scale ZIF-7 particles with particle size of 50 nm were successfully synthesized at room temperature and used to incorporate into CS membranes for separation of mixtures of water/ethanol. It was showed that the loading content with 20 wt% has the optimum value. Furthermore, the MMMs were utilized one step method to directly synthesize the ZIF-7 in the CS membrane. It was also displayed that higher separation factor like MMMs incorporation of micro-scale ZIF-7 particles. From the point view of PSI value, the 20 wt% n-ZIF/CS MMM showed 2.5 times higher than the dir-ZIF/CS-2 MMM. Regardless of which methods, the ZIF-7 crystal particles exhibited good interfaces with the CS polymer because of the nature of their organic linkers and hydrogen bonding. From the other MMMs incorporation of PB particles, it was clearly showed higher flux due to the large pore size of PB particles. The separation factor and the flux of the as-prepared membranes clearly exceed the upper limit of the previously reported CS based membranes and MMMs. The present work demonstrates better pervaporation performance of the ZIF-7 particles incorporated CS membrane for the separation of water and ethanol and the feasibility of using this system for pervaporation.
Yang, Tzu-Huai, and 楊梓淮. "Solubility, diffusivity, and pervaporative flux of ethanol/water mixtures in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and PDMS-zeolite membranes." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/70412313502264000074.
Повний текст джерела長庚大學
化工與材料工程學系
99
The sorption, diffusion and pervaporation (PV) behaviors of ethanol aqueous solutions in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and PDMS-zeolite membranes at 298 K are investigated in this study. The morphologies and the characteristics of zeolite, PDMS and PDMS-zeolite membranes were determined by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The zeolite powders showed typical mordenite framework inverted (MFI) zeolite characteristics according to XPS, XRD and FTIR analyses. A dense PDMS film was observed, and the SEM images showed that the zeolite particles were well dispersed within the PDMS matrix without forming obvious defects in the PDMS-zeolite membranes. The sorption isotherms of ethanol and water binary mixtures were determined using the gravimetric method. The PDMS-zeolite membranes showed higher solvent sorption levels and selectivities (ethanol over water) than the pristine PDMS membrane. The Flory-Huggins equation and the universal quasi chemical (UNIQUAC) model were utilized to predict the individual sorption levels at various ethanol/water compositions. The concentration-dependence Flory-Huggins interaction parameter (χ12 and χiM) and UNIQUAC-HB theory (the UNIQUAC model accounting for the hydrogen bond effect) were employed to examine the improved efficiency on the prediction power. The Flory-Huggins model using variable χiM values and the UNIQUAC-HB theory gave better sorption prediction. The permeant diffusivities were determined by conducting transient sorption data and utilizing the Fick’s second law. Both permeants exhibited similar diffusivity from the mixture in the PDMS film. The PDMS-zeolite membrane demonstrated higher diffusion selectivity than the pristine PDMS membrane. The diffusivities from the ethanol aqueous solutions strongly depended on the ethanol sorption levels in membranes. In contrast, ethanol and water diffusivities from the mixtures in the PDMS-zeolite membrane were dependent on their individual concentrations in the membrane. The PDMS-zeolite membrane demonstrated higher sorption and diffusion selectivities than the pristine PDMS membrane. These results showed that the PV performance could be improved by blending MFI zeolites into a PDMS membrane. The liquids sorption levels, diffusivities and the Fick’s law were utilized to predict the PV flux for PDMS and PDMS-zeolite membranes. The predicted flux of the components was in agreement with the experimental data for ethanol/water mixtures in the PDMS membrane. However, for PDMS-zeolite membrane, the predicted component flux was lower than experimental data. The factors that caused the PV separation factor of PDMS-zeolite membrane to be reduced were still unclear and needed further study.
Lai, Hungsheng, and 賴宏昇. "Vapor-Liquid Equilibria For Liquid Mixtures Of Ethanol, Water, And 1,2-Propanediol, 1,3-Propanediol, Or Polyethylene Glycol-200." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/15561227364127379631.
Повний текст джерела靜宜大學
應用化學系
100
In the separation processes of traditional distillation, the hardest process to deal with is the mixtures with azeotropes. In this study, the purpose is to add an entrainer to the azeotropic mixture to change its relative volatility, and thus achieve the removal of its azeotropic point. The advantage of this method is the entrainer is easily recovered without any change in operating pressure. Therefore, it can save the investment capital and energy. In this study 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propandiol, and polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG-200) are used as the extrainers for the ethanol + water azeotropic mixture. The vapor-liquid equilibria (VLE) at 101.3 kPa were consucted for the seven binary systems, including ethanol + water, ethanol + 1,2-propanediol, ethanol + 1,3-propanediol, ethanol + PEG-200, water + 1,2-propanediol, water + 1,3-propanediol, and water + PEG-200, and three ternary systems, including ethanol + water + 1,2-propanediol, ethanol + water + 1,3-propanediol, and ethanol + water + PEG-200. The liquid phase activity coefficients were calculated according to the equation including the fugacity coefficients of vapor phase and the equation of the modified Raoult's law. Calculations of the fugacity coefficients of vapor phase were made with Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK) equation of state. In the binary systems, only the ethanol + water system appears a minimum azeotrpe. Thermodynamic consistency tests were performed for the VLE data of ethanol + water system using the Kojima method and the direct test of Van Ness. The consistency test of McDermott-Ellis as modified by Wisniak and Tamir was performed for the ternary systems of ethanol + water + 1,2-propanediol. The VLE data of the binary and ternary mixtures were correlated using the three-suffix Margules, Wilson, NRTL, and UNIQUAC activity-coefficient models. The models with their best-fitted interaction parameters of the binary systems were also used to predict the ternary vapor-liquid equilibrium. In this study, the ethanol-water azeotropic system in the presence of 1,2-propandiol, 1,3-propandiol, or PEG-200 at concentrations of 10 wt%, 30 wt%, and 50 wt%, which is added attemptedly to removal of the azeotropic point of the azeotropic mixture, were discussed. This study showed that adding the entrainer with an adequate amount, the azeotropic point can be removed effectively. The results showed that the removal of the ethanol-water azeotropic point only needs 30 wt% of 1,2-propandiol, 1,3-propandiol, or PEG-200 entrainer. These three entrainers are all green solvents and 1,2-propandiol is considered to be the best based on the separartion efficiency and the material cost.
Ji, Kai-Shemg, and 紀凱勝. "Preparation of ZIF-7 crystals and their composite ZIF-7/CS Membranes for Pervaporation Separation of Water/Ethanol Mixtures." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59773679024689043392.
Повний текст джерела中原大學
化學工程研究所
103
In this study, different morphology of the ZIF-7(zeolitic imidazolate framework-7) materials were prepared by hydrothermal method, such as plate, sphere and nano-particles. Then, discuss to the growing of ZIF-7 seeds were effected by hydrothermal conditions.The as-synthesised ZIF-7 materials were successfully incorporated into the chitosan(CS) solution to form the mixed matrix membranes ( MMMs). The as-prepared MMMs were used to separate mixtures of water/ethanol at 25oC in the pervaporation process. The separation efficiency of MMMs with ZIF-7 materials showed good the flux and separation factor higher than that of pure CS membranes. However, doping too much ZIF-7 hydrophobic particles into the CS solution caused to ZIF-7 materials become agglomeration in the membranes.As a result, the flux and separation factor were decreased. In pervaporation performance, the MMMs with 0.5 wt% ZIF-7 nano-particles doping into the CS solution had higher flux (742g/m2h), separation factor (1582) and pervaporation separation index(PSI, 1174 Kg/m2h). At the same operational conditions, such as 90 wt% ethanol solution and at 25oC operational environment, the separation factor and the flux of the as-prepared membranes clearly exceed the upper limit of the previously reported CS based membranes and MMMs. The present work demonstrates better pervaporation performance of the ZIF-7 particles incorporated CS membrane for the separation of water and ethanol and the feasibility of using this system for pervaporation.
Wang, Shin-Min, and 王馨敏. "Preparation of polysulfone- poly -glycidyl Methacrylate semi-IPN membranes and their applications for the dehydration of water / ethanol mixtures by pervaporation." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50058125524337529743.
Повний текст джерела嘉南藥理科技大學
環境工程與科學系暨研究所
98
ABSTRACT The purpose of this investigation is to prepare a semi-IPN poly glycidyl methacrylate/polysulfone composite membrane for dehydration of water/ethanol solution by pervaporation. Utilizing semi-IPN technology with suitable dosage of cross linking agent, monomer concentration, radiated dosage, and initiator, the composite membranes were prepared and characterized the physical and chemical properties and their influences on the performance of pervaporation. In the first part of this investigation, the dry method was used to prepare the semi-IPN poly glycidyl methacrylate/polysulfone composite membrane. The effect of the PGMA content in the membranes on the morphology and hydrophilicity were investigated and the influences of the properties changes on the dehydration performance were also concerned by characteristics analysis. It was found that the radiated dosage and monomer concentration significantly dominated the content of PGMA in semi-IPN membranes and the increase in PGMA content also enhanced the water selectivity and swelling properties of composited membranes. Due to the IPN structure in polymer matrix, the selectivity of membranes increased and declined the permeation rate of permeate with increasing the degree of IPN. Thought the increase in monomer concentration enhanced the degree of IPN in the membrane, but the excessive monomer induced a homo-polymerization and lead to a decrease in the PGMA content in composite membranes. This homo-polymer induced the phase separation in the casting solution and further formed the micro-phase separation in the membrane formation. It is concluded that the optimum radiated dosage and monomer concentration in the semi-IPN solution are the key factors to prepare the homogeneous composite membranes. The second part of this investigation is to utilize the ring opening reaction with sulfuric acid to grafting the sulfuric group on the semi-IPN polymer. The sulfuric acid opened the epoxy group of PGMA to form the sulfonated PGMA. It was expected that the sulfuric group significantly enhanced the hydrophilic properties. The increase in the sulfuric group content in the composited membranes preferred the water selective property during the pervaporation and declined the water contact angle on the membrane surface. It is indicated that the hydrophilic properties of the polymer further increased by the sulfonation. The separation performance of pervaporation also showed the significantly improvement for dehydration by the semi-IPN modification on the polysulfone membranes. The third part of this study is to prepare the asymmetric membranes. It was found that the micro phase separation in the casting solution strongly declined the selectivity of IPN membranes. Base on the morphology observations and separation performance analysis, they were indicated that the polymer phase separation could not form a defect free skin layer and this factor dominated the decline of selectivity of composited membranes in the separation process.
Deng, Yu-Heng, and 鄧有衡. "A Novel and Efficient Mixed Matrix Membrane (MMM) for Pervaporation of Ethanol/Water Mixtures owing to High and Homogeneous Loading of Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks-8 (ZIF-8) Nanoparticles." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/69672769485896599301.
Повний текст джерела國立臺灣大學
化學工程學研究所
103
To overcome the problems of phase separation between polymer and fillers and low separation performance of a membrane at high filler loading, we have synthesized a novel and efficient mixed matrix membrane (MMM) by incorporating water-based synthesis of ZIF-8 nanoparticles into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) membranes. The ZIF-8 nanoparticles without drying is preferred for the fabrication of PVA/ZFI-8 MMMs. The incorporation of ZIF-8 nanoparticles does increase both of the flux and separation factor of a PVA membrane. However, both of the pervaporation performances of PVA/ZIF-8 MMMs could be further improved by crosslinking with glutaraldehyde (GA). The result shows that PVA/ZIF-8 MMMs with GA have superb performances on pervaporation separation of ethanol dehydration. The best flux and separation factor of PVA/ZIF-8 MMMs with GA are 0.486 kg/m2h and 4725 respectively when the doped amount of ZIF-8 nanoparticles is 39.0 wt%. The permeability is three times as much as that of pristine PVA with GA crosslinked and the separation factor is nearly 9 times as much as that of the pristine PVA with GA crosslinked.