Дисертації з теми "Waste of alumina production"
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Beheshti, Reza. "Sustainable Aluminum and Iron Production." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Kemi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-196547.
Повний текст джерелаQC 20161128
Fridrich, Jakub. "Cihelný recyklát jako surovina pro výrobu pálících pomůcek pro cihlářský průmysl." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-401935.
Повний текст джерелаНосік, Вікторія Вікторівна. "Модифікований вуглецевмісний сорбент для глибокого вилучення органічних сполук". Master's thesis, Київ, 2018. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/23010.
Повний текст джерелаTo prevent negative environmental effects the presence of synthetic organic compounds in sewage that enters into ponds should be reduced to extremely low concentrations. Deep water purification from toxic organic substances can be done by applying adsorption technology. Today research opportunities synthesis of sorbents from waste alumina production for wastewater treatment are becoming more popular. The purpose of the master's work is to modify the surface of activated carbon and use it in the technology of deep sewage treatment of pharmaceutical production. The main tasks of the master's thesis are: the choice of the modification method and the establishment of the main parameters of the modification process; detection of modifier type; establishment of morphology and composition of the obtained sample of modified coal; research of structural–sorption characteristics of the surface of modified activated carbon; establishment of the basic parameters (duration of the process, temperature mode, concentration of the modifier) of the sorption process; checking the effectiveness of the application of the obtained samples of modified coal for water purification from levamisole, norsulfazolum and streptocide; creation of a technological scheme of deep water purification from levamisole, norsulfazolum, streptocide. The object of the study – the process of modification of carbon-containing sorbent, the study of the laws of its application for the deep removal of organic compounds. The subject of research - activated carbon, "red mud" of Mykolayiv Alumina Factory, model solutions of pharmaceutical wastewater (levamisole, norsulfazole and streptocide) The sorbent was synthesized using waste from alumina production and its efficiency compared to the trademark of activated carbon was checked. Found that the modified activated carbon is more efficient. Modification of the AC surface leads to an increase sorbent capacity of the sorbent. The results of the research were made public at international conferences.
KerherveÌ, Gwilherm. "Production and properties of metal clusters on alumina." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288300.
Повний текст джерелаLucas, Carlos Krus Galvão. "Biogas production from potato peel waste." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/12337.
Повний текст джерелаUncu, Oya Nihan. "Optimization Of Bioethanol Production From Kitchen Waste." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12611373/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаs yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, was used in fermentation experiments conducted with and without fermentation medium at pH 4.5 and 30oC for 48 hours. Close values of glucose concentration were obtained from no pretreated and hot water treated samples. The fermentation results indicated that ethanol can be produced at similar concentrations in bioreactors with and without fermentation medium addition (p >
0.05). Thus, it is concluded that use of kitchen wastes as is disposed and without fermentation medium in ethanol fermentation could lower the cost to a large extent. In the second part of this study, the effects of solid load, which is proportional to the glucose concentration (10% to 20% (w/w)), inoculum level of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (5% to 15% (v/v)), and fermentation time (48 to 96 h) on production of bioethanol from kitchen waste were studied using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). A three-factor Box Behnken design was used. Ethanol concentration was used as a response in the resulting experimental design. High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method was used to determine ethanol and glucose concentrations. The statistical analysis of the constructed model developed by RSM suggested that linear effects of solid load, inoculum level, and fermentation time and quadratic effects of inoculum level and fermentation time were all significant (p <
0.05) on bioethanol production. The model was verified by additional runs, which were not present in the design matrix. It was found that the constructed model could be used to determine successfully the bioethanol concentration with >
90% precision. An optimum ethanol concentration of 32.16 g/L was suggested by the model with 20% (w/w) solid load, 8.85% (v/v) inoculum level and 58.8 hours of fermentation. Further study is needed to evaluate the optimal fermentation conditions in a large scale fermentation
Rajendran, Karthik, and Gopinath Balasubramanian. "High rate biogas production from waste textiles." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Ingenjörshögskolan, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-20787.
Повний текст джерелаChhiba, Chetan. "Titanium alloy powder production from waste metal." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11989.
Повний текст джерелаIncludes bibliographical references.
Titanium and its alloys are among the most important advanced materials in use today due to attractive properties such as high strength to weight ratio and excellent corrosion resistance. However, the cost of titanium production is high, mostly due to the high cost of extraction. This has led to investigations of potentially lower cost methods such as near-net shape powder metallurgy techniques. One approach, which has the potential of producing the lowest cost powder available, involves converting titanium waste machine turnings to powder using the hydride-dehydride (HDH) process. The focus of this project is directed at this approach where a ball milling process is used to simultaneously hydrogenate and crush the titanium turnings into titanium hydride powder.
Бурлакова, Ірина Михайлівна, Ирина Михайловна Бурлакова, Iryna Mykhailivna Burlakova, Тетяна Миколаївна Руденко, Татьяна Николаевна Руденко, and Tetiana Mykolaivna Rudenko. "Systemic approach to the waste-free production." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/31064.
Повний текст джерелаWinzer, Jami Susan [Verfasser]. "Production and Characterisation of Alumina-Copper Interpenetrating Composites / Jami Susan Winzer." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1106453069/34.
Повний текст джерелаSawyer, John E. "The oxidation of volatile organic compounds on a platinum-alumina catalyst /." Access abstract and link to full text, 1995. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.library.utulsa.edu/dissertations/fullcit/9529031.
Повний текст джерелаJunges, Rodrigo Santos. "Automação de reator de hidrogênio para alimentação de motogerador em geração distribuida /." Ilha Solteira, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/183430.
Повний текст джерелаIsha, Ruzinah. "Hydrogen production from the gasification of agricultural waste." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.545695.
Повний текст джерелаShi, Chen. "Potential Biogas Production from Fish Waste and Sludge." Thesis, KTH, Mark- och vattenteknik (flyttat 20130630), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-171807.
Повний текст джерелаStamouli, Konstantina. "Fuel production and optimisation from mixed plastic waste." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8268/.
Повний текст джерелаRodriguez, Christina. "Enhanced methane production from mixed waste organic materials." Thesis, University of the West of Scotland, 2017. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.736952.
Повний текст джерелаCampos, Joana Coutinho. "SCFA production through acidogenic fermentation of industrial waste." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/12486.
Повний текст джерелаPolyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) production from industrial wastes and open mixed cultures (OMC) is a way to reduce process costs. OMC produce PHA from short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), which composition determines the final composition of the polymer and consequently its characteristics. So it is important to understand which operational conditions influence SCFA production during acidogenic fermentation of industrial wastes such as hardwood sulphite spent liquor (HSSL) and cheese whey. This work began with the evaluation of the acidogenic fermentation capacity of HSSL in a continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR), with emphasis on the influence of the organic loading rate (OLR) and temperature on the process. In the end of the fermentation it was possible to produce a stream with acetic, lactic, propionic and butyric acids and ethanol. The profile of SCFA changed with the OLR, with hydraulic retention time (HRT) and with the age of the culture. A PHA accumulation test was performed with the effluent of the end of the fermentation. With this batch experiment was possible to achieve 32% PHA on dry cell weight, with a 75:25 proportion on 3-hydroxybutyrate and 3-hydroxyvalerate, respectively. In the second part of this work, the acidogenic fermentation of cheese whey in a moving-bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) was studied in order to explore the process in a reactor for biomass retention. The influence of the available surface area, associated with biomass concentration, was studied. The carriers with the largest surface area allowed more biomass growth and consequently more SCFA production. However, an increase in the number of carriers in the reactor does not translate into higher yields possibly due to various limitations of the system. A model based on Michaelis-Menten equation was conceived to evaluate other MBBR designs for fermentation of cheese whey. These results demonstrate the potential of reactors for biomass retention for the acidogenesis of industrial residues.
A produção de polihidroxialcanoatos (PHA) a partir de resíduos industriais e a utilização de culturas mistas microbianas (OMC) constitui-se como hipóteses para diminuir os custos de produção desta classe de bioplásticos. As OMC produzem PHA a partir de ácidos orgânicos voláteis (AOV) cuja composição permite manipular a composição final do polímero e consequentemente as suas características. Neste sentido, é importante compreender quais as condições operacionais que influenciam a produção de AOV por fermentação acidogénica a partir de subprodutos industriais como o licor de cozimento ao sulfito ácido (HSSL) e o permeado do soro de leite. Este trabalho iniciou-se com os testes à capacidade fermentativa do HSSL num reactor contínuo perfeitamente agitado, com ênfase no estudo da influência da carga orgânica (OLR) e da temperatura no processo. No fim da fermentação foi possível produzir um efluente contendo os ácidos acético, láctico, propiónico e butírico e etanol. O perfil dos AOV mudou com a OLR, o tempo de retenção hidráulico (HRT) e com a idade da cultura. O efluente final a fermentação foi utilizado num teste de acumulação de PHA. Com este teste em reactor descontínuo foi possível obter 32% de PHA em peso seco, com uma proporção de 75:25 em 3-hidroxibutirato e 3-hidroxivalerato, respectivamente. Na segunda parte deste trabalho estudou-se a fermentação acidogénica de permeado de queijo num reactor de biofilme, de maneira a explorar a potencialidade do processo num reactor para retenção de biomassa. Estudouse a influência da área superficial, associada à concentração de biomassa. Concluiu-se que os carriers com maior área superficial permitiram maior crescimento de biomassa, e consequentemente a maior produção de AOV. No entanto, maior número de carriers não permitiu um maior rendimento possivelmente devido a limitações do sistema. Foi concebido um modelo baseado na equação de Michaelis-Menten para avaliar outros desenhos de MBBR para fermentação de permeado de queijo. Assim, os resultados obtidos demonstram a potencialidade dos sistemas para retenção de biomassa para a acidogénese de resíduos industriais.
Papp, Carolle. "Controlling food waste – Home composting or biofuel production?" Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22698.
Повний текст джерелаOne purpose of this study is to compare two treatment options for food waste. Home composting or biofuel production, seen from the climate perspective. The carbon dioxide equivalent has been calculated for the two options. The second purpose was to study the political process with regard to food waste to understand why Swedish households were encouraged to home compost food waste during the nineties only to early twenties advocate biofuel production. My calculations and comparisons shows that it is more beneficial for the climate to digest the food waste then composting since the carbon dioxide emissions is less. My second analysis indicates that while the political reorientation has led to environmental improvements, the effect has also been that to gain control of the food waste stream, waste management organisations effectively provide customers with no choice and economically punish households that have no food waste to collect since they have effective home composting.
Lin, Zhongye. "Microalgal Growth and Lipid Production from Organic Waste." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1385429109.
Повний текст джерелаVoigt, Paul George. "Bioethanol production from waste paper through fungal biotechnology." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013447.
Повний текст джерелаEriksson, L. Gunnar. "Combustion of solid waste from wood-based ethanol production /." Luleå, 2005. http://epubl.luth.se/1402-1757/2005/22.
Повний текст джерелаARAUJO, VICTOR KRAEMER WERMELINGER S. "COST EVALUATION FOR BIODIESEL PRODUCTION FROM WASTE COOKING OIL." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2008. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=11873@1.
Повний текст джерелаFUNDAÇÃO DE APOIO A PESQUISA DA BAHIA
A busca pelo desenvolvimento sustentável tem como importante fator diferencial as fontes de energia renováveis. O biodiesel desponta como uma das alternativas mais relevantes, mas suas formas de obtenção no Rio de Janeiro não foram suficientemente investigadas. Este trabalho identifica a oportunidade da produção de biodiesel a partir de óleos residuais de fritura neste cenário, enfatizando os custos de transporte do óleo desde os principais produtores comerciais até a obtenção do biocombustível. O objetivo é avaliar os custos de forma a verificar a viabilidade do emprego desta alternativa. Para tanto, foram estudadas as diversas ferramentas de resolução do Problema de Roteamento de Veículos e foi proposto um algoritmo que visa à otimização dos custos. A formulação matemática utilizada baseia-se numa extensão de algoritmos clássicos, como o apresentado por Arenales et al. (2007), e nas equações desenvolvidas em Kallehauge (2006). Os resultados do modelo de roteamento, atrelados aos custos de produção, impostos e insumos, foram comparados com informações sobre a comercialização do biodiesel, comprovando sua viabilidade econômica. A consolidação dos dados obtidos aponta a produção de biodiesel a partir de óleo residual de fritura como viável, com custos logísticos equivalentes a R/tmp/aaaUFg8ya,19 por litro e custo final de R,22 por litro.
The search for a sustainable development has in renewable energy sources an important differential factor. Biodiesel is one of the most important alternatives, but its obtainment forms in Rio de Janeiro have not been investigated enough. This work identifies the opportunity of biodiesel production from waste cooking oil in this scenery, emphasizing oil`s transport costs until factories, where it is possible to obtain biodiesel in its final form. The objective is to evaluate costs in order to verify viability of this alternative source of energy. Hence, this research analysed several tools for solving Vehicle Routing Problem and it proposes an algorithm that results in cost optimization. The adapted mathematic formulation is based in an extension of classic algorithms, like those presented by Arenales (2007), and in equations developed by Kallehauge (2006). The routing model results, linked to production, tributes and input costs, have been compared with information about biodiesel commercialization, verifying its economic viability. The data consolidation obtained indicates that the biodiesel production from waste cooking oil is viable, with logistic costs equal to R/tmp/aaaPLIh7a,19 per liter and final cost equal to R,22 per liter.
Aslanzadeh, Solmaz. "Pretreatment of cellulosic waste and high rate biogas production." Doctoral thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Ingenjörshögskolan, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-3684.
Повний текст джерелаMakanyire, Terence. "Reclamation of metal values from TiO2 production waste residues." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/17108/.
Повний текст джерелаBlomstrand, Erica, and Hagström Theresia Silander. "Waste management and production systems; The case of Zanzibar." Thesis, KTH, Industriell produktion, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-173477.
Повний текст джерелаThis study was performed as a bachelor thesis at the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, Sweden, in the spring of 2014, and was carried out as a Minor Field Study funded by SIDA. It was conducted as a literature study complemented by a field study on Zanzibar, in collaboration with Zanrec. Zanzibar as an archipelago, with its 495 000 inhabitants, generates over 92,000 metric tons of waste a year, which is equivalent of the weight of a Boeing 747 per day, contaminating the environment and causing implications to both public health and the island’s economy due to it’s effects on the important tourism industry. The amount of produced waste on an island is limited as well as the possibility for waste to be spread over island boundaries. Traditional waste management companies lack economical incentives to establish on such a small market, therefore many islands in developing countries lack a sustainable system for waste management. Zanrec has identified this as a business opportunity and has developed a business model to deal with waste management on limited geographical areas. The main objective of this study was to investigate how Zanrec can meet customer demands by developing a sustainable supply chain, and to investigate how Zanrec can increase value of specific goods in order to scale the business. In order to achieve a satisfying result, the study was aimed to: (i) give insights into waste management in developing countries, (ii) map Zanrec’s supply chain of today, (iii) define what the value-adding activities are in the eyes of the customers, both hotels and plastic buyers, (iv) identify limitations/possibilities based on Zanrec’s prerequisites. The results of this thesis will work as a foundation to make Zanrec’s business areas of concern more efficient and will work as a benchmark in policy making when working with waste management systems in other developing areas.
Md, Saad Juniza. "Dry reforming of waste plastics for synthesis gas production." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/15698/.
Повний текст джерелаTanriverdi, Senem. "Production Of Alumina Borosilicate Ceramic Nanofibers By Using Electrospinning Technique And Its Characterization." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607378/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаKeles, Ozgur. "Production And Characterization Of Alumina Fiber Reinforced Squeeze Cast Aluminum Alloy Matrix Composites." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12609726/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаC and 800 °
C. Micro porosity was present at the fiber-fiber interactions. Closed porosity of the composites increased when fiber vol% increased, however, variation in casting temperature and magnesium content in matrix did not have influence on porosity. Hardness of the composites was enhanced with increasing fiber vol%, magnesium content in matrix and decreasing casting temperature. Alignment of fibers within the composite had an influence on hardness
when fibers were aligned perpendicular to the surface, composites exhibited higher hardness. The highest hardness values obtained from surfaces parallel and vertical to fiber orientation were 155.6 Brinell hardness and 180.2 Brinell hardness for AlSi10Mg1 matrix 30 vol% alumina fiber reinforced composite cast at 800 °
C and at 750 °
C, respectively. 30 vol% Saffil alumina fiber reinforced AlSi10Mg0.3 matrix composite cast at 750 °
C showed the highest flexural strength which is 548 MPa. Critical fiber content was found as 20 vol% for all composites.
Dyrøy, Are. "Quantification and mitigation of segregation in the handling of alumina in aluminium production." Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2006. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/6154/.
Повний текст джерелаStrydom, Riki. "Enhanced waste tyre pyrolysis for the production of hydrocarbons and petrochemicals." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2511.
Повний текст джерелаEnergy security, environmental and economic issues have spurred the interest in pyrolysis of scrap tyres for the production of fuels and energy in South Africa. However, the application of the process on a commercial scale is being hampered by the high cost required to upgrade the comparatively low quality pyrolytic products as well as the high energy input. Further insights into the mechanisms of thermal degradation of rubber will assist to improve on the process economics for production of liquid hydrocarbons fractions suitable for use as transportation fuels and chemicals. This study developed a correlation to predict the contents of waste tyres that will be converted into hydrocarbons during pyrolysis from the proximate analysis data. The mechanism/kinetics of thermal degradation behaviour of waste tyres is also studied, in order to locate the optimal temperature that will maximize the yield of liquid hydrocarbons and other recoverable materials. Data from thermogravimetric analysis is used to determine the kinetic constants for the pyrolysis reaction over a temperature range of 500 °C - 750 °C. A relationship between the optimal temperatures and the volatile mater content depending on the desired products was obtained. This is necessary to eliminate thermal cracking of the pyrolytic oil into the non-condensable gas that will result from excessive temperature and the associated energy cost. Relationship to determine the kinetic equation constants is presented as a function of the volatile matter content. An inductor furnace batch reactor system is used to carried out the pyrolysis reaction, using Argon as the inert gas to provide the oxygen free environment required. The products are sent through a 2-stage condensers, the first operated at room temperature to collect the pyrolytic oil, and the second maintained at -5 oC to collect the condensable pyrolytic gases.
Wong, Aidan Marc Yew Fai. "'Waste', value and informal labour : the regional e-waste recycling production network in Malaysia and Singapore." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2014. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/9068.
Повний текст джерелаAssefa, Getachew. "Environmental Systems Analysis of Waste Management : Prospects of Hydrogen Production from Waste for use in FCVs." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekologi, 2000. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-32426.
Повний текст джерелаwww.ima.kth.se
Poe, Nicholas Edward. "Acetone, Butanol, and Ethanol (ABE) Production from Food Waste via Clostridium beijerinckii." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/96601.
Повний текст джерелаMaster of Science in Life Sciences
Nearly 40% of food in the U.S. goes to waste, causing a huge amount of economic loss and environmental pollution. Use of microorganisms to ferment food waste is a viable way to mitigate many of the issues associated with food waste. Put simply, fermentation is a biological process in which an organic substrate, such as food waste, is consumed and a more valuable product is produced. In this study, different food wastes were collected from the campus food processing center weekly for 16 weeks. Water, sugars, starch, fiber, protein, fat and ash contents of the collected food wastes were determined. Fermentation of these food wastes were conducted using a microorganism called Clostridium beijerinckii. The results showed that there was a high variation amongst the composition of the food waste samples. The concentration of total soluble sugar (glucose, fructose, sucrose) ranged from 0.5 to 53.5% (dry basis) among different food waste samples. The concentration ranges of total starch, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), crude protein, crude fat and ash were 0 to 23.4% (dry basis), 0.6 to 25.8%, 5.5 to 21.2%, 0.1 to 37.9%, 1.4 to 13.7%, respectively. The variation of food waste composition also led to different fermentation yields. It was also found that a higher glucose content in food waste results in a higher fermentation product yield; however, a higher fiber content in food waste results in a lower fermentation product yield.
Hill, Damon J. "The production and extraction of landfill gas." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335797.
Повний текст джерелаVan, Dyk Lizelle Doreen. "The production of granular activated carbon from agricultural waste products." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52003.
Повний текст джерелаENGLISH ABSTRACT: Peach and apricot shells are agricultural waste products. These waste products accumulate around canneries and food-processing plants in South Africa. No effort is being made to utilise these waste products. This study is the first part of the product development from these products i.e. peach shell activated carbon and apricot shell activated carbon. By producing activated carbon from peach and apricot shells the solid waste problem is addressed, but most of all a profit can be made. But why activated carbon? Activated carbons are unique and versatile adsorbent with a vast amount of adsorption applications. It can be produced via a simple oxidation reaction with steam and the nature of peach and apricot shells are such that it is expected that activated carbons with good adsorption properties can be produced from it. The single largest consumer of activated carbon in South Africa is the gold mining industry that uses imported coconut shell activated carbon for gold adsorption in the gold recovery process. Activated carbon is also used as water purification adsorbents. During this study activated carbons were produced in a fluidized bed reactor at various activation conditions: 700 - 900°C, 0.0425 - 0.0629 g steamlg char.min and 30 - 60 min. This was done in order to find the optimum activation conditions within the activation parameter range. The optimal activated carbons were defined as peach and apricot shell activated carbons that showed good microporous as well as mesoporous character. The optimal activated carbons produced are: peach shell activated at 875°C, 0.0533 g stearnlg char. min, 60 min and apricot shell activated carbon at 850°C, 0.0533 g steamlg char.min, 60min. The possible use of these optimal activated carbons and two other activated carbons produced (Peach shell activated carbon 900°C, 0.0425 g steamlg char. min, 60 min and apricot shell activated carbon 900°C, 0.0425 g steamlg char.min, 60min) were tested in gold recovery and water purification. The gold adsorption properties of peach and apricot shell activated carbons were found to be better than two commercial coconut shell activated carbons (Chemquest 650 and GRC 22). No definite conclusions could, however, be drawn about the replacement of coconut shell activated carbon with peach or apricot shell activated carbon, because abrasion test work and thermal regeneration of the experimental carbons still have to be performed. The experimental activated carbons displayed good phenol adsorption characteristic, although further test work is required.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Perske- en appelkoospitte is landbouafvalprodukte. Hierdie afvalprodukte versamel rondom inmaakfabrieke en voedselververkingsaanlegte. Tans word daar geen poging in Suid-Afrika aangewend om hierdie afvalprodukte te benut nie. Hierdie studie is die eerste deel van die ontwikkeling van die produkte: Perskepitdop-geaktiveerde koolstof en appelkoospitdop-geaktiveerde koolstof. Deur geaktiveerde koolstof van die perske- en appelkoospitdoppe te maak, word nie net 'n antwoord op die vastestofafvalsprobleem gevind nie, maar daar kan ook geld gemaak word. Hoekom geaktiveerde koolstof? Aktiveerde koolstowwe is veelsydige en unieke adsorbente met 'n groot verskeidenheid adsorpsie toepassings. Dit kan vervaardig word via 'n eenvoudige oksidasie reaksie met stoom en die aard van die perske- en appelkoospitdoppe is sodanig, dat verwag kan word om geaktiveerde koolstowwe met goeie adsorpsie eienskappe daarvan te kry. Die grootste enkelverbruiker van geaktiveerde koolstof in Suid-Afrika is die goudmynbedryf, wat kokosneutdop geaktiveerde koolstof invoer om goud te herwin. Geaktiveerde koolstof word ook gebruik vir watersuiwering. Tydens hierdie studie IS geaktiveerde koolstowwe by verskillende aktiveeringskondisies in 'n gevloeïdiseerde bed vervaardig: 700 - 900oe, 0.0425 - 0.0629g stoornlg gepiroliseerde pitdoppe.min en 30 - 60 mm. Die aktiveringskondisies is gevarieer om sodoende die optimale aktiveringskondisies binne die aktiveringsparameterreeks te kry. 'n Geaktiveerde koolstof is as optimaal geklassifiseer as dit 'n goeie mikro- sowel as mesostruktuur getoon het. Die optimaal geaktiveerde koolstowwe is: geaktiveerde koolstof vervaardig van perskepitdoppe by 875°e, 0.0533 g stoornlg gepiroliseerde pitdoppe.min, 60 mm en geaktiveerde koolstof vervaardig van appelkoospitdoppe by 850oe, 0.0533 g stoornlg gepiroliseerde pitdoppe.min, 60min. Die gebruik van die twee optimale geaktiveerde koolstowwe sowel as twee ander geaktiveerde koolstowwe (perskepitdop-geaktiveerde koolstof, 900oe, 0.0425 g stoornlg gepiroliseerde pitdoppe.min, 60 min en appelkoospitdop-geaktiveerde koolstof, 850°C, 0.0533 g stoom/g gepiroliseerde pitdoppe.min, 60min) is VIr goudadsorpsie en watersuiwering ondersoek. Die goudadsorpsie eienskappe van die perske-en appelkoospitdop-geaktiveerde koolstowwe was beter as die van twee kommersiële kokosneutdop-geaktiveerde koolstowwe (Chemquest 650 and GRC 22). Daar kan egter geen definitiewe gevolgtrekkings gemaak word oor die vervanging van kokosneutdop geaktiveerde koolstowwe met dié van perske of appelkoospitdoppe nie, aangesien daar nog toetsresultate oor die slytweerstand en reaktiverings eienskappe van die eksperimentele geaktiveerde koolstowwe uitstaande is. Die eksperimentele geaktiveerde koolstowwe toon goeie adsorpie ten opsigte van fenol, maar verdere toetswerk is egter nodig.
Malavolti, Anastasia. "Cost Efficiency and Waste Reduction in Completely Knocked Down Production." Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Tekniska Högskolan, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-45421.
Повний текст джерелаYousuf, Rawa. "Novel polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) production using a waste date seed feedstock." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2018. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/novel-polyhydroxybutyrate-phb-production-using-a-waste-date-seed-feedstock(70246fcd-0c95-4a31-a0be-0d337c22aefe).html.
Повний текст джерелаAwosolu, Mary. "Anaerobic digestion of ethanol distillery waste-stillage for biogas production." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Ingenjörshögskolan, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-19072.
Повний текст джерелаUppsatsnivå: D
Kvillborn, Carin. "Enzymatic Pretreatment of Lignocellulose Rich Waste for Improved Biogas Production." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema vatten i natur och samhälle, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-104974.
Повний текст джерелаStudien avsåg att undersöka metanutbytet från anaerob nedbrytning med förbehandlad lignocellulosa som substrat. Lignocellulosamaterialet, i form av skogsavfall, maldes och förbehandlades därefter med det organiska lösningsmedlet NMMO (N-metylmorfolin-N-oxid) och/eller de lignolytiska enzymerna laccase och versatile peroxidas med dosen 60 U g-1 torrsubstanshalt (TS). Mängden producerad metan undersöktes i en biometanpotentialanalys med inocula från en termofil biogasreaktor, som behandlade hushållsavfall. Triplikat av varje prov användes för att öka den statistiska stabiliteten. På grund av det stora antalet prover genomfördes studien i två omgångar: Serie 10 & 20 samt serie 30 & 40. Resultaten visade att det NMMO-behandlade skogsavfallet gav 130 NmL CH4 g-1 organisk substans (VS) och det obehandlade skogsavfallet gav 95 NmL CH4 g-1 VS i serie 10 & 20. Både obehandlat och NMMO- behandlat skogsavfall gav 140 NmL CH4 g-1 VS i serie 30 & 40. Förbehandling med NMMO verkar vara fördelaktig medan enzymbehandling endast resulterade i en smärre ökning av gasproduktionen. En analys av vätskan efter enzymbehandlingen visade förekomst av fenoler, vilket visar på en lyckad ligninnedbrytning.
Gee, Ivan L. "Production and application of activated carbons derived from waste materials." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/56249.
Повний текст джерелаHallbäck, Sofia, and Ellen Paulsson. "Reducing waste with an optimized trimming model in production planning." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för matematik och matematisk statistik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-173253.
Повний текст джерелаYang, Yang. "Energy production from biomass and waste derived intermediate pyrolysis oils." Thesis, Aston University, 2015. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/25356/.
Повний текст джерелаEmmett, Robyn Angela. "Glycerol production by Dunaliella species in saline waste water treatment." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004079.
Повний текст джерелаDalila, Augusto MUSSENGUE SAN. "Biodiesel Production from Jatropha and Waste Cooking Oils in Mozambique." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-216984.
Повний текст джерелаBethani, Sofia. "Production of lightweight aggregates from 'energy from waste' combustion ashes." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7932.
Повний текст джерелаZheng, Sheng. "Biodiesel production from waste frying oil: Conversion monitoring and modeling." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26416.
Повний текст джерелаElliston, Adam. "The exploitation of municipal solid waste (MSW) and related waste paper streams in the production of bioalcohol." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2012. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/42366/.
Повний текст джерелаBRASILEIRO, Maria Isabel. "Síntese de mulita por microondas utilizando composições contendo resíduo de caulim." Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, 2010. http://dspace.sti.ufcg.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/riufcg/1738.
Повний текст джерелаMade available in DSpace on 2018-09-18T12:29:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MARIA IZABEL BRASILEIRO - TESE (PPGEP) 2010.pdf: 8318595 bytes, checksum: 08a3d5659f268dee285764bb3f8e8659 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-04-09
Capes
A mulita 3Al2O3∙2SiO2 é uma das fases cristalinas mais extensivamente estudadas do sistema binário Al2O3 - SiO2, sendo promissora em cerâmica devido suas ótimas propriedades químicas, mecânicas e elétricas. O caulim é a fonte principal para sintetizar mulita e o resíduo de caulim, obtido a partir de uma segunda etapa do beneficiamento de caulins primários, pode apresentar teores de SiO2 e Al2O3 que permitem a sua incorporação em massas cerâmicas para a produção da mulita. Como a temperatura de reação da mulita é elevada aumentando assim seus custos, o uso da energia de microondas no processamento e obtenção de materiais, tem despertado interesse especial por parte de diversas áreas do conhecimento como a engenharia de materiais. Este interesse estar diretamente ligado ao seu simples uso, além de reduzir o número de etapas em muitas sínteses, melhorar propriedades físicas em cerâmicas tecnológicas e ter como aliado a economia de energia/tempo alcançada no processamento de muitos materiais. Neste trabalho foi feito um estudo sobre a fabricação de corpos cerâmicos de mulita a partir da mistura de resíduo de caulim e alumina, por sinterização convencional e em microondas, para efeito de comparação. Os corpos de prova foram produzidos por prensagem uniaxial na pressão de 35 MPa e sinterizados em potências de 80% (1,44 kW) e 90% (1,62 kW) com tempos de 10, 15, 20 e 25 min em forno de microondas de freqüência de 2,45GHz e no forno convencional em temperaturas de 1400 a 1600°C, com taxa de aquecimento de 5°C/min e patamar de queima de 2h. Por fim os corpos de prova foram submetidos à determinação das propriedades físico-mecânicas, caracterização de fases cristalinas por DRX e análise microestrutural por MEV. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que a mulita obtida a partir do forno de microondas apresenta estrutura das agulhas mais alongadas quando comparadas ao do forno convencional. O aumento do tempo de sinterização e da potência utilizada, no caso do forno de microondas, e que o aumento da temperatura, no forno convencional, são fatores essenciais a serem considerados para se alcançar um alto teor de mulitização.
Mullite (3Al2O3∙2SiO2) is one of the crystalline phases most extensively studied from the binary system Al2O3 - SiO2, and promising ceramic due to their excellent chemical, mechanical and electrical properties. Kaolin is the main source to synthesize mullite and kaolin waste, obtained from a second stage of processing of primary kaolin, can has contents of SiO2 and Al2O3 which allows its incorporation in ceramic bodies for the production of mullite. As the temperature of the reaction of mullite is high thus increasing their costs, the use of microwave energy for processing and obtaining materials, has attracted special interest by a number of areas as engineering materials. This interest is directly linked to its simple use, and reduce the number of steps in many synthesis, improved physical properties in ceramic technology and have the combined savings energy / time achieved in the processing of many materials. The fabrication of mullite ceramic bodies from the mixture of residual kaolin and alumina, in conventional oven and microwave, for comparison. The samples were produced by uniaxial pressure of 35 MPa and sintered in powers of 80% (1,44kW) and 90% (1,62kW) with times of 10, 15, 20 and 25 min in the microwave at frequency 2,45GHz, and conventional oven at temperatures from 1400 to 1600°C with heating rate of 5°C/min and 2h. Finally the specimens were submitted to determination of physic-mechanical characterization of crystalline phases by XRD and microstructural analysis by SEM. The results showed that the mullite obtained from the microwave oven has more elongated structure of the needles when compared to the conventional oven. The sintering time and power used in the case of microwave ovens, and that the increase of temperature in a conventional oven, are key factors to consider in achieving a high level of mullitization.
Chokazinga, Davlin. "Coordination studies of inositols with aluminium and related cations." Curtin University of Technology, School of Applied Chemistry, 2003. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=14424.
Повний текст джерелаTriaxial sites of the inositols have shown a preference to coordinate small ions with ionic size of at least 60 pin, smaller ions than this displayed very weak interactions. Likewise large ions (90-100 pm) imparted weak interactions on triaxial sites of the inositols. These large ions coordinated well with the axial-equatorial-axial sites of the inositols although it was observed that calcium ions appeared to form a 2:1 ligand:cation complex with cis-inositol at the triaxial site despite being a large cation (100 pm). The detection of complex formation by HPLC showed a possible formation of very stable complexes of epi-inositol complexes with calcium ions. However, a change of refractive index of the solution on sequential addition of the cation may have caused an interference in the results such that direct interpretation was not possible. Ion exchange chromatography provided the quickest guide on how strongly the inositols interact with a particular cation. However, determination of complex stoichiometry and or structure was not possible using this technique.
Bennen, Wilroy. "The evaluation of waste minimization/waste treatment strategies for a commercial production process of 4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazide." Thesis, Port Elizabeth Technikon, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/97.
Повний текст джерела