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1
Wu, Jingqiao, Xiaoyue Feng, Renchu Guan, and Yanchun Liang. "Cancer Research Trend Analysis Based on Fusion Feature Representation." Entropy 23, no. 3 (March 12, 2021): 338. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23030338.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Machine learning models can automatically discover biomedical research trends and promote the dissemination of information and knowledge. Text feature representation is a critical and challenging task in natural language processing. Most methods of text feature representation are based on word representation. A good representation can capture semantic and structural information. In this paper, two fusion algorithms are proposed, namely, the Tr-W2v and Ti-W2v algorithms. They are based on the classical text feature representation model and consider the importance of words. The results show that the effectiveness of the two fusion text representation models is better than the classical text representation model, and the results based on the Tr-W2v algorithm are the best. Furthermore, based on the Tr-W2v algorithm, trend analyses of cancer research are conducted, including correlation analysis, keyword trend analysis, and improved keyword trend analysis. The discovery of the research trends and the evolution of hotspots for cancers can help doctors and biological researchers collect information and provide guidance for further research.
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Sigmawaty, Dinda, and Mirna Adriani. "LEARNING WORD RELATEDNESS OVER TIME FOR TEMPORAL RANKING." Jurnal Ilmu Komputer dan Informasi 12, no. 2 (July 8, 2019): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.21609/jiki.v12i2.745.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Queries and ranking with temporal aspects gain significant attention in field of Information Retrieval. While searching for articles published over time, the relevant documents usually occur in certain temporal patterns. Given a query that is implicitly time sensitive, we develop a temporal ranking using the important times of query by drawing from the distribution of query trend relatedness over time. We also combine the model with Dual Embedding Space Model (DESM) in the temporal model according to document timestamp. We apply our model using three temporal word embeddings algorithms to learn relatedness of words from news archive in Bahasa Indonesia: (1) QT-W2V-Rank using Word2Vec (2) QT-OW2V-Rank using OrthoTrans-Word2Vec (3) QT-DBE-Rank using Dynamic Bernoulli Embeddings. The highest score was achieved with static word embeddings learned separately over time, called QT-W2V-Rank, which is 66% in average precision and 68% in early precision. Furthermore, studies of different characteristics of temporal topics showed that QT-W2V-Rank is also more effective in capturing temporal patterns such as spikes, periodicity, and seasonality than the baselines.
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Zhen, Lihua, and Xiaoqi Sun. "The Research of Convolutional Neural Network Based on Integrated Classification in Question Classification." Scientific Programming 2021 (October 12, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4176059.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
As a new generation of search engine, automatic question answering system (QAS) is becoming more and more important and has become one of the hotspots of computer application research and natural language processing (NLP). However, as an indispensable part of the QAS, the role of question classification is an understood thing in the system. In view of this, to further make the performance of question classification much better, both the feature extraction and the classification model were explored. On the study of existing CNN research, an improved CNN model based on Bagging integrated classification (“W2V + B-CNN” for short) is proposed and applied to question classification. Firstly, we combine the characteristics of short texts, use the Word2Vec tool to map the features of the words to a certain dimension, and organize the question sentences into the form of a two-dimensional matrix similar to the image. Then, the trained word vectors are used as the input of the CNN for feature extraction. Finally, the Bagging integrated classification algorithm is used to replace the Softmax classification of the traditional CNN for classification. In other words, the good of W2V + B-CNN model is that it can make use of the advantages of CNN and Bagging integrated classification at the same time. Overall, the new model can not only use the powerful feature extraction capabilities of CNN to extract the potential features of natural language questions but also use the good data classification capabilities of the integrated classification algorithm for feature classification at the same time, which can help improve the accuracy of the W2V + B-CNN in the application of question classification. The comparative experiment results prove that the effect of the W2V + B-CNN is significantly better than that of the CNN and other classification algorithms in question classification.
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Kim, Suhyeon, Haecheong Park, and Junghye Lee. "Word2vec-based latent semantic analysis (W2V-LSA) for topic modeling: A study on blockchain technology trend analysis." Expert Systems with Applications 152 (August 2020): 113401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2020.113401.
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Obeid, Jihad S., Jennifer Dahne, Sean Christensen, Samuel Howard, Tami Crawford, Lewis J. Frey, Tracy Stecker, and Brian E. Bunnell. "Identifying and Predicting Intentional Self-Harm in Electronic Health Record Clinical Notes: Deep Learning Approach." JMIR Medical Informatics 8, no. 7 (July 30, 2020): e17784. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/17784.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background Suicide is an important public health concern in the United States and around the world. There has been significant work examining machine learning approaches to identify and predict intentional self-harm and suicide using existing data sets. With recent advances in computing, deep learning applications in health care are gaining momentum. Objective This study aimed to leverage the information in clinical notes using deep neural networks (DNNs) to (1) improve the identification of patients treated for intentional self-harm and (2) predict future self-harm events. Methods We extracted clinical text notes from electronic health records (EHRs) of 835 patients with International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes for intentional self-harm and 1670 matched controls who never had any intentional self-harm ICD codes. The data were divided into training and holdout test sets. We tested a number of algorithms on clinical notes associated with the intentional self-harm codes using the training set, including several traditional bag-of-words–based models and 2 DNN models: a convolutional neural network (CNN) and a long short-term memory model. We also evaluated the predictive performance of the DNNs on a subset of patients who had clinical notes 1 to 6 months before the first intentional self-harm event. Finally, we evaluated the impact of a pretrained model using Word2vec (W2V) on performance. Results The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for the CNN on the phenotyping task, that is, the detection of intentional self-harm in clinical notes concurrent with the events was 0.999, with an F1 score of 0.985. In the predictive task, the CNN achieved the highest performance with an AUC of 0.882 and an F1 score of 0.769. Although pretraining with W2V shortened the DNN training time, it did not improve performance. Conclusions The strong performance on the first task, namely, phenotyping based on clinical notes, suggests that such models could be used effectively for surveillance of intentional self-harm in clinical text in an EHR. The modest performance on the predictive task notwithstanding, the results using DNN models on clinical text alone are competitive with other reports in the literature using risk factors from structured EHR data.
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Nasser, Ahmed, and Hayri Sever. "A Concept-based Sentiment Analysis Approach for Arabic." International Arab Journal of Information Technology 17, no. 5 (September 1, 2020): 778–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.34028/iajit/17/5/11.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Concept-Based Sentiment Analysis (CBSA) methods are considered to be more advanced and more accurate when it compared to ordinary Sentiment Analysis methods, because it has the ability of detecting the emotions that conveyed by multi-word expressions concepts in language. This paper presented a CBSA system for Arabic language which utilizes both of machine learning approaches and concept-based sentiment lexicon. For extracting concepts from Arabic, a rule-based concept extraction algorithm called semantic parser is proposed. Different types of feature extraction and representation techniques are experimented among the building prosses of the sentiment analysis model for the presented Arabic CBSA system. A comprehensive and comparative experiments using different types of classification methods and classifier fusion models, together with different combinations of our proposed feature sets, are used to evaluate and test the presented CBSA system. The experiment results showed that the best performance for the sentiment analysis model is achieved by combined Support Vector Machine-Logistic Regression (SVM-LR) model where it obtained a F-score value of 93.23% using the Concept-Based-Features+Lexicon-Based-Features+Word2vec-Features (CBF+LEX+W2V) features combinations
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Liu, Yang, Shigeru Morita, Izumi Murakami, Tetsutarou Oishi, Motoshi Goto, and Xianli Huang. "Density evaluation of tungsten W24+, W25+, and W26+ ions using unresolved transition array at 27–34 Å in Large Helical Device." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 57, no. 10 (September 18, 2018): 106101. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/jjap.57.106101.
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Fujii, Keisuke, Daiji Kato, Nobuyuki Nakamura, Motoshi Goto, Shigeru Morita, and Masahiro Hasuo. "Experimental evaluation of fractional abundance data for W23+–W28+." Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics 50, no. 5 (February 14, 2017): 055004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6455/50/5/055004.
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Абылкалыкова, Риза Батырхановна, Людмила Иосифовна Квеглис, Бауржан Корабаевич Рахадилов та Гульсум Сафуановна Бектасова. "Особенности массопереноса при ионной имплантации". Izvestiya of Altai State University, № 4(108) (12 вересня 2019): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/izvasu(2019)4-01.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Исследованы продукты реакции, полученные при ионной имплантации азота, кислорода и фосфора в вольфрамовую мишень. Выяснены условия создания новых соединений при высокодозной имплантации, приводящей к процессам быстрого массопереноса ионов в материал мишени. Установлено, что ионная имплантация азота в вольфрам приводит к возникновению фазы внедрения W2N с ГЦК-структурой; имплантация кислорода — к образованию фазы с плотноупакованной ГЦК-структурой, близкой по структуре и параметрам к W20; фосфора — к образованию фосфида вольфрама W2P с орторомбической структурой после дополнительного отжига при температурах, превышающих 800-900 0С. Сделана оценка локального давления потока ионов на поверхность мишени, которое приводит к локальному искривлению кристаллической решетки, благодаря чему возможен быстрый массоперенос имплантированных ионов в материале мишени.
Образование фаз внедрения при ионной имплантации является результатом локализации сдвиговой деформации в условиях ускоренного массопереноса. В условиях высокодозной ионной имплантации формируются высоконеравновесные пересыщенные твердые растворы, а также высокодефектные структурно-неравновесные состояния с высокой кривизной кристаллической решетки.
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Basarslan, Muhammet Sinan, and Fatih Kayaalp. "Sentiment Analysis with Machine Learning Methods on Social Media." ADCAIJ: Advances in Distributed Computing and Artificial Intelligence Journal 9, no. 3 (September 17, 2020): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.14201/adcaij202093515.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Social media has become an important part of our everyday life due to the widespread use of the Internet. Of the social media services, Twitter is among the most used ones around the world. People share their opinions by writing tweets about numerous subjects, such as politics, sports, economy, etc. Millions of tweets per day create a huge dataset, which drew attention of the data scientists to focus on these data for sentiment analysis. The sentiment analysis focuses to identify the social media posts of users about a specific topic and categorize them as positive, negative or neutral. Thus, the study aims to investigate the effect of types of text representation on the performance of sentiment analysis. In this study, two datasets were used in the experiments. The first one is the user reviews about movies from the IMDB, which has been labeled by Kotzias, and the second one is the Twitter tweets, including the tweets of users about health topic in English in 2019, collected using the Twitter API. The Python programming language was used in the study both for implementing the classification models using the Naïve Bayes (NB), Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) algorithms, and for categorizing the sentiments as positive, negative and neutral. The feature extraction from the dataset was performed using Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) and Word2Vec (W2V) modeling techniques. The success percentages of the classification algorithms were compared at the end. According to the experimental results, Artificial Neural Network had the best accuracy performance in both datasets compared to the others.
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Ren, Yanjing, Rui Han, Yidong Ma, Xiaojuan Li, Changrong Deng, Mengliang Zhao, Jiang Li, Quangang Hou, Qiwen Zhong, and Dengkui Shao. "Transcriptomics Integrated with Metabolomics Unveil Carotenoids Accumulation and Correlated Gene Regulation in White and Yellow-Fleshed Turnip (Brassica rapa ssp. rapa)." Genes 13, no. 6 (May 26, 2022): 953. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13060953.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Turnip (Brassica rapa ssp. rapa) is considered to be a highly nutritious and health-promoting vegetable crop, whose flesh color can be divided into yellow and white. It is widely accepted that yellow-fleshed turnips have higher nutritional value. However, reports about flesh color formation is lacking. Here, the white-fleshed inbred line, W21, and yellow-fleshed inbred line, W25, were profiled from the swollen root of the turnip at three developmental periods to elucidate the yellow color formation. Transcriptomics integrated with metabolomics analysis showed that the PSY gene was the key gene affecting the carotenoids formation in W25. The coding sequence of BrrPSY-W25 was 1278 bp and that of BrrPSY-W21 was 1275 bp, and BrrPSY was more highly expressed in swollen roots in W25 than in W21. Transient transgenic tobacco leaf over-expressing BrrPSY-W and BrrPSY-Y showed higher transcript levels and carotenoids contents. Results revealed that yellow turnip formation is due to high expression of the PSY gene rather than mutations in the PSY gene, indicating that a post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism may affect carotenoids formation. Results obtained in this study will be helpful for explaining the carotenoids accumulation of turnips.
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Oishi, Tetsutarou, Shigeru Morita, Daiji Kato, Izumi Murakami, Hiroyuki A. Sakaue, Yasuko Kawamoto, Tomoko Kawate, and Motoshi Goto. "Simultaneous Observation of Tungsten Spectra of W0 to W46+ Ions in Visible, VUV and EUV Wavelength Ranges in the Large Helical Device." Atoms 9, no. 3 (September 17, 2021): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atoms9030069.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Spectroscopic studies for emissions released from tungsten ions have been conducted in the Large Helical Device (LHD) for contribution to the tungsten transport study in tungsten divertor fusion devices and for expansion of the experimental database of tungsten line emissions. Tungsten ions are distributed in the LHD plasma by injecting a pellet consisting of a small piece of tungsten metal wire enclosed by a carbon tube. Line emissions from W0, W5+, W6+, W24+–W28+, W37+, W38+, and W41+–W46+ are observed simultaneously in the visible (3200–3550 Å), vacuum ultraviolet (250–1050 Å), and extreme ultraviolet (5–300 Å) wavelength ranges and the wavelengths are summarized. Temporal evolutions of line emissions from these charge states are compared for comprehensive understanding of tungsten impurity behavior in a single discharge. The charge distribution of tungsten ions strongly depends on the electron temperature. Measurements of emissions from W10+ to W20+ are still insufficient, which is addressed as a future task.
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Müller-Wieland, Dirk, Daniel J. Rader, Patrick M. Moriarty, Jean Bergeron, Gisle Langslet, Kausik K. Ray, Garen Manvelian, Desmond Thompson, Maja Bujas-Bobanovic, and Eli M. Roth. "Efficacy and Safety of Alirocumab 300 mg Every 4 Weeks in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes on Maximally Tolerated Statin." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 104, no. 11 (June 5, 2019): 5253–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2018-02703.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Context In the ODYSSEY CHOICE I trial, alirocumab 300 mg every 4 weeks (Q4W) was assessed in patients with hypercholesterolemia. Alirocumab efficacy and safety were evaluated in a patient subgroup with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and who were receiving maximally tolerated statins with or without other lipid-lowering therapies. Methods Participants received either alirocumab 300 mg Q4W (n = 458, including 96 with T2DM) or placebo (n = 230, including 50 with T2DM) for 48 weeks, with alirocumab dose adjustment to 150 mg every 2 weeks at Week (W) 12 if W8 low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were ≥70 mg/dL or ≥ 100 mg/dL, depending on cardiovascular risk, or if LDL-C reduction was <30% from baseline. Efficacy end points included percentage change from baseline to W24 for lipids, and time-averaged LDL-C over W21 to W24. Results In individuals with T2DM, LDL-C reductions from baseline to W24 and the average of W21 to W24 were significantly greater with alirocumab (−61.6% and −68.8%, respectively) vs placebo. At W24, alirocumab significantly reduced levels of non–high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and other lipids. At W24, 85.9% and 12.5% of individuals in the alirocumab and placebo groups, respectively, reached both non–HDL-C <100 mg/dL and LDL-C <70 mg/dL. At W12, In total, 18% of alirocumab-treated participants received dose adjustment. The most common treatment-emergent adverse events were upper respiratory tract infection and injection-site reaction. No clinically significant changes in fasting plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin were observed. Conclusion In individuals with T2DM, alirocumab 300 mg Q4W was generally well tolerated and efficacious in reducing atherogenic lipoproteins.
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Hayward, M. A., and M. Lin-Chu. "Phosphoglucomutase-1 (PGM1) W23 and W26 Variants detected in the Taiwanese Chinese Population." Human Heredity 41, no. 6 (1991): 411–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000154036.
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Era, Shota, Daiji Kato, Hiroyuki A. Sakaue, Toshiki Umezaki, Nobuyuki Nakamura, and Izumi Murakami. "Emission Lines in 290–360 nm of Highly Charged Tungsten Ions W20+–W29+." Atoms 9, no. 3 (September 8, 2021): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atoms9030063.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Forbidden transitions in the near-UV and visible wavelength of highly charged tungsten (W) ions are potentially useful as novel tungsten diagnostics means of fusion plasmas. Emission lines in 290–360 nm from Wq+ ions interacting with an electron beam of 540–1370 eV are measured, using a compact electron-beam-ion-trap. The charge states of 64 lines are identified as W20+–W29+. A magnetic-dipole (M1) line of W29+ between the excited states (4d84f)[(4d5/2−2)44f7/2]13/2→[(4d5/2−2)44f5/2]13/2 is newly identified; the wavelength is determined as 351.03(10) nm in air. The theoretical wavelength calculated using the multiconfiguration Dirac–Hartree–Fock method is in a good agreement with the measurement.
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Varene, P. "Computation of respiratory heat exchanges." Journal of Applied Physiology 61, no. 4 (October 1, 1986): 1586–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1986.61.4.1586.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Two sets of equations have been proposed to estimate the convective or sensible (WCV) and the evaporative or insensible (WEV) respiratory heat exchanges. They are applicable both at sea-level barometric pressure with air breathing (SLA) and in hypo- or hyperbaria in both air (HA) and artificial (HAA) atmospheres. The only environmental parameters required are in SLA: the temperature (TI) and the partial pressure of water vapor of the inspired air (PIH2O); in HA: TI, PIH2O, and the actual barometric pressure (PB); and in HAA: IT, PIH2O, PB, the volumetric mass (rho mix), and the specific heat (cp mix) of the breathed gas mixture. When no physiological data are available the results are expressed in energy units per liter of pulmonary ventilation (WCV/V and WEV/V) in J X dm-3 BTPS. If the ventilation value (V) is known the results are obtained in units of power (W).
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Andres Ibarra, Rafael, R. Abbas, R. S. Kombu, Guo-Fang Zhang, G. Jacobs, Z. Lee, H. Brunengraber, and J. R. Sanabria. "Disturbances in the Glutathione/Ophthalmate Redox Buffer System in the Woodchuck Model of Hepatitis Virus-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma." HPB Surgery 2011 (September 18, 2011): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/789323.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose. The incidence of liver tumors is rising in USA. The purpose of this study was to evaluate liver oxido-reductive status in the presence of chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods. Glutathione species and ophthalmate (OA) concentrations were measured by LC-MS in processed plasma and red blood cells (RBC) from infected Woodchuck with hepatitis virus (WHV). Blood samples were obtained from: (i) infected animals with tumors (WHV+/HCC+), (ii) infected animals without tumors (WHV+/HCC−) and (iii) healthy animals (WHC−/HCC−). Results. The concentration of reduced glutathione (GSH) and the ratio GSH/GSG were lower in plasma from WHV+/HCC+ animals when compared to WHV+/HCC− and WHV−/HCC− (P<0.01). In contrast, the concentration of oxidized glutathione (GSSG) was found to be higher in plasma from WHV+/HCC+ animals when compared to WHV+/HCC− and WHV−/HCC− (P<0.01). The Glutathione species and its ratio from the RBC compartment were similar among all groups. OA concentration in both plasma and RBC was significantly higher from WHV+/HCC+ when compared to WHV+/HCC− and WHV−/HCC− (P<0.01). Conclusions. Disturbances of the glutathione redox buffer system and higher concentrations of OA were found in the WCV+/HCC+ animal model. The role of these compounds as biomarkers of early tumor development in patients with end stage liver disease remains to be determined.
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Traboulsee, Anthony, Douglas Arnold, Eric C. Klawiter, Eva Havrdova, Damian Fiore, Ray Zheng, Laura Julian, and Gavin Giovannoni. "060 Association of brain volume loss and neda outcomes in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis in the opera i and opera ii studies (ENCORE)." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 89, no. 6 (May 24, 2018): A25.1—A25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2018-anzan.59.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
IntroductionBrain volume loss (BVL) occurs in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, reflecting irreversible tissue damage. No evidence of disease activity (NEDA), a composite measure assessing absence of clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) disease activity has emerged as important treatment goal in MS and may be associated with preservation of brain tissue and BVL prevention.MethodsPatients in OPERA-I/II (NCT01247324/NCT01412333) received 600 mg ocrelizumab (intravenous) very 24 weeks or 44 µg subcutaneous interferon beta-1a (IFNβ-1a) 3x-weekly for 96 weeks. Brain MRI assessments were completed at baseline and 24/48/96 Weeks. Brain volume normalised for head size was measured using SIENAX software. Percent change in whole brain volume (WBV) was determined using SIENA software, changes in cortical grey (GMV) and white (WMV) matter volumes were measured using validated, locally developed Jacobian integrator atrophy software. NEDA was defined as absence of relapses, 12-week confirmed disability progression, T1 Gd–enhancing lesions and new and/or enlarging T2-lesions. Changes from baseline in brain volume were examined in NEDA patients and those with evidence of disease activity (EDA), using the mixed-effects model for repeated measures method.ResultsThe analysis included 1520 patients (ocrelizumab-761; IFNβ-1a-759). Over 96 weeks, 569 (37%) patients [ocrelizumab-363 (48%); IFNβ-1a-206(27%); p<0.001] had NEDA. Compared with EDA patients, NEDA patients had significantly less WBV loss from baseline (30%-reduction; p<0.001). In the NEDA group, ocrelizumab patients had significantly less WBV loss (32%-reduction; p<0.001), WMV loss (34%-reduction; p=0.044) and GMV loss (30%-reduction; p<0.001) from baseline than IFNβ-1a patients. In the EDA group, ocrelizumab patients had significantly less WBV loss (11%-reduction; p=0.047) and GMV loss (21%-reduction; p<0.001) but not WMV loss (1.03%-increase; p=0.90) from baseline than IFNβ-1a patients.ConclusionThese findings highlight the importance of NEDA as treatment goal with respect to brain tissue preservation regardless of treatment choice. Ocrelizumab may confer additional benefits in NEDA patients NEDA beyond what is observed with IFNβ-1a.
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Newsted, W. J., N. P. A. Huner, J. P. Insell, M. Griffith, and R. B. van Huystee. "The effects of temperature on the growth and polypeptide composition of several snow mold species." Canadian Journal of Botany 63, no. 12 (December 1, 1985): 2311–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b85-330.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Myriosclerotinia borealis (W51), Coprinus spp. (13W1 and 14W2), Typhula idahoensis (W21), and Typhula incarnata (W29) were incubated in the dark on a defined agar medium at permissive (4 °C) and nonpermissive temperatures (22 and 30 °C). Isolates of Coprinus spp. and Typhula spp. required higher temperatures than M. borealis to arrest vegetative growth completely. The effects of incubation at permissive and nonpermissive temperatures on the polypeptide compositions of M. borealis, Coprinus spp., T. idahoensis (W21), and T. incarnata (W29) were examined by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The results indicated that the number of polypeptides in the polypeptide complement of M. borealis and both Typhula species decreased significantly during incubation at nonpermissive temperatures. In contrast, Coprinus sp. (13W1) showed no significant change in the number of polypeptides observed during incubation at nonpermissive temperatures. Furthermore, there appeared to be an increase in the relative proportion of at least three polypeptides during incubation of Coprinus at nonpermissive temperatures. The significance of these species-dependent responses to nonpermissive growth temperatures is discussed.
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Huang, Ming Quan, Jing Lin Zhang, Ji Hong Wu, Bao Guo Sun, Yu Yu Zhang, and Xiao Meng Lan. "Evaluation of Chinese Vinegar by Electronic Nose." Applied Mechanics and Materials 490-491 (January 2014): 1497–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.490-491.1497.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Twelve vinegars from different production areas in China were evaluated by the Portable Electronic Nose 3 (PEN3), and the data detected by PEN3 were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and loadings analysis (LA). The results of PCA and LDA all showed that the electronic nose could clearly discriminate the vinegars of difference production areas, but had very little discrimination on same production area vinegars. The results of LD showed that these sensors, including W1S, W2S, W5S, W2W, W1W, W5C, were appropriate to evaluate and compare the aroma of vinegars, especially W1S, W2S, W5S. Loadings analysis also indicated that these compounds in twelve vinegars had great differences, such as acids, esters, alcohols, alkanes, while aromatics compounds, sulfur-containing compounds and alkenes had some distinctions.
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Sugiyama, S., and H. Taimatsu. "Preparation of W-C-B Composites by Reactive Resistance-Heated Hot Pressing." Materials Science Forum 449-452 (March 2004): 309–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.449-452.309.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Dense WC-base W-C-B composites were prepared by the reaction sintering of B4C-WWC (mole ratio 1 : x : 80 or 130, x = 1-9) powder mixtures using resistance-heated hot pressing. Sintered bodies were composed of different products depending on x both in B4C-xW-80WC and - 130WC: WC + WB when x ≤ 3, WC + W2B + WB when x = 5, and WC + W2B + W2C when x ≥7. They had the highest Young's modulus values 706 and 705 GPa for -80WC and -130WC at x = 3, respectively. The hardness was increased with x, depending on a decrease in the grain size of WC. Its highest value was 24.5 GPa both for -80WC and -130WC at x = 9. For the fracture toughness, the highest value 6.1 MPa m1/2 was obtained for -130WC at x = 5.
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Boulestin, Anne, Karine Sandres-Saune, Laurent Alric, Bernard Pipy, Martine Dubois, Jean-Pierre Vinel, and Jacques Izopet. "Evolution of Hepatitis C Virus Quasispecies during Therapy with Il2 Combinated to Alpha Interferon and Ribavirin." Antiviral Therapy 10, no. 4 (May 2005): 499–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135965350501000408.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study analyses the impact of interleukin 2 (IL2) combined with alpha interferon (IFN-α) and ribavirin on the heterogeneity of hepatitis C virus (HCV). We studied 10 patients who took part in a clinical trial that assessed the effects of retreatment with IL2, IFN-α and ribavirin in patients who failed to clear the virus after a previous bitherapy. The heterogeneity of HCV quasispecies was assessed by cloning and sequencing the hypervariable region 1 (HVR1) in samples obtained at baseline (W0), after 12 weeks of treatment with IFN-α and ribavirin (W12), after a cycle of administration of IL2 in combination with the classical bitherapy (W21 and W24) in the eight patients who failed to clear the virus under treatment. The mean viral load at W21 and at W24 was not different from that at W12. The heterogeneity of HVR1 quasispecies after the administration of IL2 was not different from that at baseline or after 12 weeks of bitherapy. Furthermore, the proportion of nonsynonymous substitutions was unchanged after the IL2 cycles. Thus, the efficacy of the tritherapy with IL2, IFN-α and ribavirin is similar to that of the classical bitherapy. Treatment with IL2 in combination with IFN-α and ribavirin had no effect on the selective pressure on HCV quasispecies. IL2 is not the best option to treat hepatitis C.
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ZHAO, LIYUAN, BIN LV, XIAORUI PENG, and YUEJIN FU. "EFFECT OF NATURAL AND ACCELERATED AGING ON THE PROPERTIES OF WOOD-PLASTIC COMPOSITES." WOOD RESEARCH 66(5) 2021 66, no. 5 (November 2, 2021): 700–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.37763/wr.1336-4561/66.5.700710.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The correspondence of natural and laboratory-accelerated aging of WPC has long beenahighly important problem discussed by many scholars. In this work, the changes in moisture content (MC), modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), screw holding force and creep recovery rates of two groups of wood-plastic composites (WPC) after natural and accelerated aging (high-low temperature cycles and freeze-thaw cycles) were studied to provide guidance for the use of WPC in outdoor applications. The results showed that, after the natural aging and freeze-thaw cycles treatments, MC increased significantly with both 167% of the untreated value of wood-HDPE composites with 30% wood fiber content and a thickness of 25 mm (W25), while 67% and 133% of the wood-HDPE composites with 30% wood fiber content and a thickness of 20 mm (W20), but is almost unchanged after the treatment with high-low temperature cycles. The mechanical strength, including MOR, MOE, screw holding force and creep recovery rate, decreased after natural and accelerated aging. The greatest decreases of MOR, MOE, screw holding force and creep recovery rate were 14%, 13%, 21%, and 7% for W25, while 5%, 8%, 8%, and 14% for W20 respectively. Environmental aging can reduce the strength of WPC, but the bending strength retention rate is more than 85%, showing that performance of WPC is relatively stable compared to wood materials, which is oneof thereasons for the widely use of WPC in outdoor applications.
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Nobari, Hadi, Zeki Akyildiz, Maryam Fani, Rafael Oliveira, Jorge Pérez-Gómez, and Filipe Manuel Clemente. "Weekly Wellness Variations to Identify Non-Functional Overreaching Syndrome in Turkish National Youth Wrestlers: A Pilot Study." Sustainability 13, no. 9 (April 22, 2021): 4667. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13094667.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The present study aimed at (i) investigating weekly variations in wellness ratings relative to Hooper indicators (HI): fatigue (wFatigue), stress levels (wStress), delayed onset muscle soreness (wDOMS), sleep quality/disorders (wSleep), and wHI across the full preparation season (PS) and (ii) comparing the aforementioned variables between three periods: early-PS, week (W) W1 to W11; mid-PS, W12 to W22; end-PS, W23 to W32. Ten elite young wrestlers were involved in this study (age, 16 ± 0.7 years; height, 163 ± 4.8 cm; body mass, 57.7 ± 9.0 kg; VO2max, 48.7 ± 1.4 mL/kg−1/min−1). Wellness status was monitored daily using the HI questionnaire. The main results were found in W26 (24.2 ± 3.9 arbitrary units (AU)) and W14 (17.9 ± 7 AU) with the highest and lowest wDOMS, respectively. Decreases in wDOMS were reported during the PS. For wFatigue, the highest and lowest values belong to W19 (24.3 ± 3.3 AU) and W32 (16.7 ± 3.9 AU), respectively. In the case of wFatigue, the level increased within the PS. The highest wHI was observed in W19 (88.5 ± 7.7 AU) and the lowest in W32 (72.3 ± 6.1 AU). There were no significant changes between early-PS compared to mid- and end-PS, while significant changes were found for mid-PS in comparison to the end-PS. Changes in wDOMS, wStress, and wFatigue were in line with the changes in Hooper’s scoring. All PS daily monitoring results can provide a great standpoint from which coaches can determine wellness status throughout the season in elite youth level athletes. This information can be used to avoid the risk of injury, overtraining, and non-functional overreaching.
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Bordenstein, Seth R., and John H. Werren. "Effects of A and B Wolbachia and Host Genotype on Interspecies Cytoplasmic Incompatibility in Nasonia." Genetics 148, no. 4 (April 1, 1998): 1833–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/148.4.1833.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Wolbachia endosymbionts cause postmating reproductive isolation between the sibling species Nasonia vitripennis and N. giraulti. Most Nasonia are doubly infected with a representative from each of the two major Wolbachia groups (A and B). This study investigates the role of single (A or B) and double (A and B) Wolbachia infections in interspecies cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) and host genomic influences on the incompatibility phenotype. Results show that the single A Wolbachia harbored in N. vitripennis (wAv) is bidirectionally incompatible with the single A Wolbachia harbored in N. giraulti (wAg). Results also indirectly show that the N. vitripennis wBv is bidirectionally incompatible with the N. giraulti wBg. The findings support current phylogenetic evidence that suggests these single infections have independent origins and were acquired via horizontal transfer. The wAv Wolbachia expresses partial CI in the N. vitripennis nuclear background. However, following genomic replacement by introgression, wAv expresses complete CI in the N. giraulti background and remains bidirectionally incompatible with wAg. Results show that double infections can reinforce interspecies reproductive isolation through the addition of incompatibility types and indicate that the host genome can influence incompatibility levels. This study has implications for host-symbiont coevolution and the role of Wolbachia in speciation.
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Nakamura, Daisuke, Kazuyoshi Iida, Kayo Horibuchi, Yuko Aoki, Naoko Takahashi, Yuto Mori, Miki Moriyama, Shugo Nitta, and Hiroshi Amano. "Mechanism and enhancement of anti-parasitic-reaction catalytic activity of tungsten-carbide-coated graphite components for the growth of bulk GaN crystals." Applied Physics Express 15, no. 4 (March 17, 2022): 045501. http://dx.doi.org/10.35848/1882-0786/ac5ba4.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The working mechanism of the anti-parasitic-reaction (APR) catalyst of tungsten carbide (WC) coating on graphite in hydride vapor phase epitaxy GaN growth were examined. During NH3 annealing, the surface of WC is reduced as well as nitrided. The W2N topmost layer was found to work as an APR-active catalyst to suppress the formation of GaN polycrystals during high-rate HVPE-GaN growth, while the regions covered with thick pyrolytic graphite residues were catalytically inert. The formation of an additional W2C top layer on the WC underlayer was demonstrated to exhibit superior APR activity, i.e. complete suppression of GaN polycrystal formation.
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HESFORD, F., S. LAZARY, K. CURTY-HÄNNI, and H. GERBER. "Biochemical evidence that equine leucocyte antigens W13, W22 and W23 are present on horse major histocompatibility complex class II molecules." Animal Genetics 20 (April 24, 2009): 415–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2052.1989.tb00897.x.
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Tang, Xiaoyan, Wenmin Xiao, Tao Shang, Shanyan Zhang, Xiaoyang Han, Yuliang Wang, and Haiwei Sun. "An Electronic Nose Technology to Quantify Pyrethroid Pesticide Contamination in Tea." Chemosensors 8, no. 2 (April 23, 2020): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors8020030.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The contamination of tea with toxic pesticides is a major concern. Additionally, because of improved detection methods, importers are increasingly rejecting contaminated teas. Here, we describe an electronic nose technique for the rapid detection of pyrethroid pesticides (cyhalothrin, bifenthrin, and fenpropathrin) in tea. Using a PEN 3 electronic nose, the text screened a group of metal oxide sensors and determined that four of them (W5S, W1S, W1W, and W2W) are suitable for the detection of the same pyrethroid pesticide in different concentrations and five of them (W5S, W1S, W1W, W2W, and W2S) are suitable for the detection of pyrethroid pesticide. The models for the determination of cyhalothrin, bifenthrin, and fenpropathrin are established by PLS method. Next, using back propagation (BP) neural network technology, we developed a three-hidden-layer model and a two-hidden-layer model to differentiate among the three pesticides. The accuracy of the three models is 96%, 92%, and 88%, respectively. The recognition accuracies of the three-hidden-layer BP neural network pattern and two-hidden-layer BP neural network pattern are 98.75% and 97.08%, respectively. Our electronic nose system accurately detected and quantified pyrethroid pesticides in tea leaves. We propose that this tool is now ready for practical application in the tea industry.
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Nash, P., M. E. Luggen, L. Espinoza, F. J. García Fructuoso, R. C. Chou, A. M. Mendelsohn, S. Rozzo, and I. Mcinnes. "SAT0431 PROPORTIONS OF PATIENTS ACHIEVING A MINIMAL DISEASE ACTIVITY STATE UPON TREATMENT WITH TILDRAKIZUMAB IN A PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS PHASE 2B STUDY." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 1171.2–1171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.3947.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background:Tildrakizumab (TIL) is a high-affinity anti–interleukin-23p19 monoclonal antibody approved in the US, EU, and Australia to treat moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multiple-dose, phase 2b study evaluating the efficacy and safety of TIL was recently completed (NCT02980692).Objectives:To characterise and evaluate the rate of minimal disease activity (MDA) up to week (W)52 from the phase 2b study.Methods:Patients (pts) ≥18 years old with active psoriatic arthritis (PsA)2and ≥3 tender and ≥3 swollen joints were randomised 1:1:1:1:1 to receive TIL 200 mg every 4 weeks (Q4W) to W52, TIL 200 mg Q12W to W52, TIL 100 mg Q12W to W52, TIL 20 mg Q12W to W24→TIL 200 mg Q12W to W52, or placebo (PBO) Q4W to W24→TIL 200 mg Q12W to W52. MDA was assessed throughout the study; an MDA response was achieved when 5 of 7 criteria were met.3Safety was assessed throughout the study and included treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE) monitoring.Results:Of 500 pts screened, 391 were randomised and received ≥1 dose of study drug. At baseline (BL), mean age was 48.8 years, 55% were female, 97% were White, mean body mass index was 29.7 kg/m2, and pts had PsA for a median (range) of 4.4 (0–42.8) years since diagnosis. Baseline disease characteristics related to MDA varied little between study arms (Table).By W24, MDA state was achieved in significantly more pts receiving TIL vs PBO (24%–39% vs 7%; p<0.02 for all groups); the proportion further increased with continued TIL treatment to W52 (45%–64%), including pts who switched from PBO to TIL (47%) (Figure).Among the overall pt population from BL→W24/W25→W52, 50.4%/39.9% and 2.3%/1.0% experienced a TEAE and serious TEAE, respectively. From BL→W24, 1 serious infection (chronic tonsillitis) was reported for TIL 20 mg→200 mg Q12W arm. From W25→W52, there was 1 malignancy (TIL 20→200 mg Q12W). There were no reports of candidiasis, uveitis, inflammatory bowel disease, major adverse cardiac events, or deaths from BL→W24 or W25→W52.Table.Baseline disease characteristics related to minimal disease activityTIL 200 mg Q4Wn = 78TIL 200 mg Q12Wn = 79TIL 100 mg Q12Wn = 77TIL 20→200 mg Q12Wn = 78PBO→TIL 200 mg Q12Wn = 79Swollen joint count10.410.011.09.411.8Tender joint count16.619.521.319.019.7Patient GADA score57.861.160.361.965.2Patient pain assessment55.459.659.260.964.2Enthesitis (LEI) score*1.91.52.22.21.5PASI†7.66.28.86.65.0HAQ-DI score1.01.01.01.11.2Data are reported as mean.*Total patients analysed (n) = 76, 79, 76, 78, 78, respectively.†Total patients analysed (n) = 75, 79, 76, 75, 75, respectively.GADA, global assessment of disease activity; HAQ-DI, Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index; LEI, Leeds Enthesitis Index; PASI, Psoriasis Area and Severity Index; PBO, placebo; Q4W, every 4 hours; Q12W, every 12 hours; TIL, tildrakizumab.Conclusion:TIL produced clinically meaningful improvement in pts with PsA, resulting in a large proportion of pts achieving MDA by W52, and was well tolerated through W52.References:[1]Reich, et al.Lancet2017;390:276−88.[2]Taylor, et al.Arthritis Rheum2006;54:2665–73.[3]Coates, et al.Ann Rheum Dis2010;69:48−53.Disclosure of Interests:Peter Nash Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly and Company, Gilead, Janssen, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer Inc, Roche, Sanofi, UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Gilead, Janssen, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer Inc, Roche, Sanofi, UCB, Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Gilead, Janssen, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer Inc, Roche, Sanofi, UCB, Michael E Luggen Grant/research support from: AbbVie; Amgen; Eli Lilly; Genentech; Nichi-Iko; Novartis; Pfizer; R-Pharm; and Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, Inc., Consultant of: AbbVie; Amgen; Eli Lilly; Genentech; Nichi-Iko; Novartis; Pfizer; R-Pharm; and Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, Inc., Speakers bureau: AbbVie; Amgen; Eli Lilly; Genentech; Nichi-Iko; Novartis; Pfizer; R-Pharm; and Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, Inc., Luis Espinoza: None declared, Ferran J García Fructuoso Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Gedeon Richter, MedImmune, Nichi-Iko, Pfizer, Sanofi-Aventis, Takeda, and UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Gedeon Richter, MedImmune, Nichi-Iko, Pfizer, Sanofi-Aventis, Takeda, and UCB, Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Gedeon Richter, MedImmune, Nichi-Iko, Pfizer, Sanofi-Aventis, Takeda, and UCB, Richard C Chou Consultant of: Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, Inc, Alan M Mendelsohn Shareholder of: Johnson and Johnson, Employee of: Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, Inc, Stephen Rozzo Employee of: Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, Inc, Iain McInnes Grant/research support from: Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly and Company, Janssen, and UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly and Company, Gilead, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, and UCB
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Malago, J., P. Tooten, and J. F. Koninkx. "Anti-inflammatory properties of probiotic bacteria on Salmonella-induced IL-8 synthesis in enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells." Beneficial Microbes 1, no. 2 (June 1, 2010): 121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/bm2009.0021.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Invasion of the gut by pathogenic Salmonella leads to production of IL-8 that initiates inflammatory reactions to combat the bacterium. However, its persistent production causes tissue damage and interventions that suppress IL-8 production prevent tissue damage. We hypothesised that probiotics could mediate their benefits via inhibition of IL-8 synthesis. Caco-2 cells were infected with probiotic Bifidobacterium infantis W52, Lactobacillus casei W56, Lactococcus lactis W58, Lactobacillus acidophilus W70, Bifidobacterium bifidum W23, or Lactobacillus salivarius W24 or pathogenic Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis 857 at 0, 0.2, 1, 2, 10, 20, 100 or 200 bacterial cells/Caco-2 cell for 1 hour. Cells were also exposed to a combination of one probiotic bacterium (200 bacterial cells/Caco-2 cell) and the graded numbers of Salmonella as either co-incubation (1 hour) or pre-incubation of the probiotic bacterium (1 hour) followed by Salmonella (1 hour). The cells recovered for 2 or 24 hours. IL-8 and Hsp70 were determined by ELISA and Western blot respectively. Both probiotics and Salmonella induced a dose- and time-dependent synthesis of IL-8 but probiotics induced far lower IL-8 levels than Salmonella. The Salmonella-induced IL-8 was significantly suppressed by B. infantis W52, L. casei W56 and L. lactis W58 at low numbers of Salmonella (0.2 to 20 bacterial cells/Caco-2 cell) and within 2 hours of recovery. The observed probiotic-mediated reduction in IL-8 secretion was transient, and lost after a few hours. In addition, these three probiotics induced a significant increase in Hsp70 expression while L. acidophilus W70, B. bifidum W23 and L. salivarius W24 induced a weak Hsp70 expression and could not suppress the Salmonella-induced IL-8 synthesis. We conclude that suppression of Salmonella-induced IL-8 synthesis by Caco-2 cells is exhibited by probiotics that induce expression of Hsp70, suggesting that the protective role of probiotics could be mediated, at least in part, via Hsp70 expression. This suppression is limited to a low number of infecting pathogenic Salmonella.
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Xiccato, G., A. Trocino, C. Boiti, and G. Brecchia. "Reproductive rhythm and litter weaning age as they affect rabbit doe performance and body energy balance." Animal Science 81, no. 2 (October 2005): 289–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/asc50270289.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract One hundred and twenty multiparous does were synchronized to give birth the same day (initial kindling). The trial lasted until the successive (final) kindling. Immediately following initial kindling, 22 does were selected for comparative slaughter. The remaining does were assigned to three reproductive rhythms and mated 2 (R2), 11 (R11) or 26 (R26) days post partum. Within each rhythm, the does were further divided into two groups with litters weaned at 21 (W21) or 25 (W25) days of age. A total of 54 does were pregnant and were slaughtered soon after final kindling. By increasing the kindling-to-mating interval from 2 to 26 days, total milk production was increased (5590 to 6065 g for R2 and R26, respectively;P< 0·05); voluntary food intake during lactation was not affected (356 g/day on average), but during the dry period was reduced (182 to 169 g/day;P< 0·05) in this way accounting for a decrease during the experimental period on the whole (299 to 249 g/day;P< 0·01). At the final kindling, the number of kits born per litter was lower in does submitted to the R11 than to the R26 rhythm (P< 0·01). By increasing the kindling-to-mating interval, doe body water concentration decreased, while fat and energy increased (P< 0·01) and higher empty body gain was recorded (from −123 to −4, and to +97 g, in R2, R11 and R26 does, respectively;P< 0·001). As a result, body protein, fat and energy balances changed from negative values to approach equilibrium as reproductive rhythm became extensive (energy balance: −0·14, −0·02 and +0·01 of the initial body content in R2, R11 and R26 does, respectively;P< 0·001). At 28 days after kindling, blood leptin concentration was higher (P< 0·01) and IGF-1 lower (P< 0·05) in R26 does. Daily food intake throughout the experiment was lower (P< 0·05) in W21 does due to the longer dry period. Increasing weaning age from 21 to 25 days increased both number of kits born alive per litter (from 7·4 to 9·6;P< 0·05) and doe body water concentration, while body energy tended to decrease (P< 0·1). At 28 days after kindling lower blood leptin concentration was recorded in W21 than W25 does (1·87 v. 2·76 μg/l,P< 0·05).
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Gottlieb, A. B., C. T. Ritchlin, R. C. Chou, A. M. Mendelsohn, S. Rozzo, and L. Espinoza. "SAT0417 TILDRAKIZUMAB EFFICACY ON PSORIASIS IN PATIENTS WITH PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS—A 52-WEEK ANALYSIS FROM A PHASE 2 STUDY." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 1161.2–1162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.778.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background:Tildrakizumab (TIL)—a high-affinity anti–interleukin-23p19 monoclonal antibody—is approved in the US, EU, and Australia to treat moderate to severe plaque psoriasis.1A randomised, double-blind, multidose, placebo-controlled, phase 2b study (NCT02980692) evaluating the efficacy and safety of TIL for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) was recently completed.Objectives:To evaluate the proportion with 75%/90%/100% improvement in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI 75/90/100) among patients (pts) with PsA and measurable psoriasis (≥3% of the body surface area [BSA] affected at baseline) over 52 weeks of treatment.Methods:Pts ≥18 years old with PsA2and ≥3 tender and ≥3 swollen joints, stratified by prior anti-TNF use and baseline body weight (≤90 kg and >90 kg), were randomised 1:1:1:1:1 to receive TIL 200 mg every 4 weeks (Q4W) to week 52 (W52), TIL 200 mg every 12 weeks (Q12W) to W52, TIL 100 mg Q12W to W52, TIL 20 mg Q12W to W24→TIL 200 mg Q12W to W52, or placebo (PBO) Q4W to W24→TIL 200 mg Q12W to W52. PASI 75/90/100 were prespecified endpoints and were assessed by an independent assessor. Pts who received ≥1 dose of study drug were analysed. Safety assessments included treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE) monitoring.Results:Overall, 391/500 pts screened met inclusion criteria; 235 (60.1%) had ≥3% BSA involvement at baseline (41–55/treatment arm). Demographics and baseline disease characteristics were generally consistent across treatment arms. Mean (standard deviation [SD]) age was 48.8 (12.6) years, average body mass index was 29.7, 96.7% of pts were White, and 23.3% were anti–tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-experienced. At baseline, the mean (SD) PASI score was 6.8 (8.2) and mean (SD) BSA affected was 10.5% (14.3%) overall. Among pts with baseline BSA ≥3%, TIL treatment significantly increased the proportion of PASI 75/90/100 responders vs PBO at W24; the proportion of responders continued to increase thereafter and was sustained through W52 (Figure). Similarly, in pts switching from PBO→TIL 200 mg Q12W or escalating from TIL 20→200 mg Q12W after W24, PASI 75/90/100 response rates increased through W36 and remained stable through W52. From W0→W24/W25→W52, 50.4%/39.9% pts experienced a TEAE. The most frequent TEAEs were nasopharyngitis (pooled TIL arms 5.4%/4.2% vs PBO 6.3%/3.8%) and upper respiratory tract infection (pooled TIL arms 3.8%/4.2% vs PBO 1.3%/0.0%). One pt (0.3%) discontinued before 24 weeks due to hypertension. There were no deaths or major adverse cardiac events during W0→W24 or W25→W52.Conclusion:PASI75/90/100 response rates progressively improved with treatment; PASI 75 responses were significantly improved vs placebo as early as W4 (TIL 200 mg Q12W), and all response rates were significantly improved vs placebo at W24. Response rates continued to improve through W36 and were sustained through W52. These results demonstrate TIL significantly reduced psoriasis disease activity and was generally well tolerated in a mixed population of anti–TNF-naïve and -experienced patients with PsA and BSA ≥3% through W52.References:[1]Reich K, et al.Lancet.2017;390(10091):276−88.[2]Taylor W, et al.Arthritis Rheum. 2006; 54(8):2665–73.Disclosure of Interests:Alice B Gottlieb Grant/research support from:: Research grants, consultation fees, or speaker honoraria for lectures from: Pfizer, AbbVie, BMS, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi, Sandoz, Nordic, Celltrion and UCB., Consultant of:: Research grants, consultation fees, or speaker honoraria for lectures from: Pfizer, AbbVie, BMS, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi, Sandoz, Nordic, Celltrion and UCB., Speakers bureau:: Research grants, consultation fees, or speaker honoraria for lectures from: Pfizer, AbbVie, BMS, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi, Sandoz, Nordic, Celltrion and UCB., Christopher T. Ritchlin Grant/research support from: UCB Pharma, AbbVie, Amgen, Consultant of: UCB Pharma, Amgen, AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, Gilead, Janssen, Richard C Chou Consultant of: Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, Inc, Alan M Mendelsohn Shareholder of: Johnson and Johnson, Employee of: Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, Inc, Stephen Rozzo Employee of: Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, Inc, Luis Espinoza: None declared
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Connell, Stephen A. "WNV vaccine safety." Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 23, no. 10 (October 2003): 425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.jevs.2003.08.014.
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Dielemans, Rob. "De Wiv 2002 en Wiv 2017 op enkele hoofdlijnen vergeleken." Justitiële verkenningen 44, no. 1 (March 2018): 68–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5553/jv/016758502018044001005.
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El-Sabrout, K., and S. Aggag. "The gene expression of weaning age and its effect on productive performance of rabbits." World Rabbit Science 25, no. 1 (March 30, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2017.4777.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
<p>Weaning age for mammals remains a topic of debate and an interesting subject of research. The literature data reflect opposite views on the recommended weaning age of rabbits. Thus, we determined the optimal weaning age for average commercial rabbit lines by studying one of these lines, the V-line. Gene expression of weaning age was studied in this research to reach the optimal weaning age for efficient rabbit growth and survival. The effect of weaning age on growth and mortality rates was investigated in young rabbits by comparing 3 groups (kits of 10 V-line does for each group), weaned at 23 (W23), 28 (W28) and 33 (W33) days of age. Rabbits weaned at 23 d of age had significantly (P<0.05) lower body weight at the age of 63 d (market age) than those weaned at 28 and 33 d of age. The weaning age also influenced survival; mortality rate was highest in rabbits weaned at 23 d of age, followed by those weaned at 28 and 33 d of age. Morphometric parameters reflect the integral effect of all factors influencing digestive tract growth and development. From the results, it seems that the small intestine length did not have a clear effect on different weaning ages. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis is an important tool to monitor changes in gene expression in animals such as rabbits. We used this approach to measure intestinal insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) mRNA level and observed that the expression levels of IGF-1Ea, IGF-1Eb and IGF-1R were nearly the same in W28 and W33 rabbits, while they were the lowest in W23 rabbits. Serum IGF-1 concentrations tended to present significant differences (P<0.05) with different weaning ages. We found that levels of IGF-1 in rabbits weaned at 28 and 33 d of age were convergent and higher than the IGF-1 levels in rabbits weaned at 23 d of age. Moreover, the early weaning of rabbits has a negative impact on growth. This therefore suggests that moderate weaning (28W) will be suitable for the farm economy and will improve rabbit production better than early or late weaning.</p>
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García-Rivera, Lina María, Henry Alexander Váquiro-Herrera, and José Fernando Solanilla-Duque. "Physicochemical characterization and nutritional composition analysis of pineapple guava at three different ripening stages." Agronomía Colombiana 34, no. 2 (May 1, 2016): 217–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v34n2.56030.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Pineapple guava (Acca sellowiana [O. Berg] Burret) is a fruit with export and production potential in Colombia. However, there are few reports about its composition concerning physiological behavior throughout the different ripening phases. Intending to confront this situation, a study was proposed in order to evaluate the physicochemical properties and the nutritional composition of pineapple guava fruits in three different phases of ripening, determined by the weeks elapsed after anthesis, considering it undeveloped for week 17 (W17), ripe for week 20 (W20) and overripe from week 21 (W21). Pineapple guava fruits were preliminarily characterized, they underwent a bromatological analysis and their content of vitamin A and C content was established. The results showed a significant content of crude fiber and total carbohydrates in the three evaluated phases. There was also a decrease in the neutral detergent fiber of 38% between W17 and W21. The highest level of vitamin C was reported in W17 (67.82 mg ascorbic acid/g dry sample), as well as for vitamin A (12.65 mg β-carotene/g dry sample). In a physical-chemical characterization, the existence of a particular physiological behavior is possible because of the development in size and mass of the fruit after physiological ripening. Additionally, the calcium and reducing carbohydrate content can be associated with the pulp browning phenomenon. Clearly, pineapple guava is a promising fruit thanks to its nutritional properties, according to the current consumption tendencies.
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Das, O. P., and J. W. Messing. "Allelic variation and differential expression at the 27-kilodalton zein locus in maize." Molecular and Cellular Biology 7, no. 12 (December 1987): 4490–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.7.12.4490.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Allelic variation between inbred lines at the 27-kilodalton zein gene locus in maize has been used to study gene expression in developing endosperm. The inbred lines W22 and W23 contain two genes for this protein within two tandem repeats; the individual genes are virtually identical, with 99.9% homology in the 5'-flanking regions. Using gene-specific oligonucleotide probes, we have shown that transcripts of the downstream gene are found at a 2.5-fold-higher level than those of the upstream gene. Another inbred line, BSSS53, has one copy of the gene which is a recombinant of the duplicated genes at the 3'-flanking region. This line has been used in reciprocal crosses to demonstrate dosage effects for the overexpression of the downstream gene and to show that the overexpression of mRNA is reflected in a corresponding increase in the protein level. The accumulation of the protein through development does not, however, always correspond to the difference in mRNA levels.
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Das, O. P., and J. W. Messing. "Allelic variation and differential expression at the 27-kilodalton zein locus in maize." Molecular and Cellular Biology 7, no. 12 (December 1987): 4490–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.7.12.4490-4497.1987.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Allelic variation between inbred lines at the 27-kilodalton zein gene locus in maize has been used to study gene expression in developing endosperm. The inbred lines W22 and W23 contain two genes for this protein within two tandem repeats; the individual genes are virtually identical, with 99.9% homology in the 5'-flanking regions. Using gene-specific oligonucleotide probes, we have shown that transcripts of the downstream gene are found at a 2.5-fold-higher level than those of the upstream gene. Another inbred line, BSSS53, has one copy of the gene which is a recombinant of the duplicated genes at the 3'-flanking region. This line has been used in reciprocal crosses to demonstrate dosage effects for the overexpression of the downstream gene and to show that the overexpression of mRNA is reflected in a corresponding increase in the protein level. The accumulation of the protein through development does not, however, always correspond to the difference in mRNA levels.
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Venter, Marietjie, Petrus Janse van Vuren, Juliet Mentoor, Janusz Paweska, and June Williams. "Inactivated West Nile Virus (WNV) vaccine, Duvaxyn WNV, protects against a highly neuroinvasive lineage 2 WNV strain in mice." Vaccine 31, no. 37 (August 2013): 3856–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.06.059.
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Gut, Serge, Werner Breig, Martin Durrer, Andreas Mielke, Richard Wagner, Richard Wagner, and Isabel Kraft. "Wagner-Briefe-Verzeichnis. (WBV)." Revue de musicologie 88, no. 1 (2002): 232. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/947488.
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Mesa, Ruben A., Stacie Hudgens, Lysbeth Floden, Jeanne Palmer, Vikas Gupta, Donal P. Mclornan, Mary Frances McMullin, et al. "Longitudinal and individual symptom analyses of momelotinib and ruxolitinib treated myelofibrosis patients from SIMPLIFY-1." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): e19040-e19040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e19040.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
e19040 Background: Clinical trials investigating JAK1/JAK2 inhibitors for myelofibrosis (MF) subjects have measured symptom improvement as a minimum 50% reduction in total symptom score (TSS) at the end of a 24-week treatment period. This landmark analysis is based on post-baseline score changes from Weeks 21 (W21) to 24 and requires vastly different absolute TSS improvements for patients with very high or low baseline (BL) TSS to reach responder status. A phase 3 clinical study, SIMPLIFY-1, randomized 432 intermediate and high risk JAK inhibitor (JAKi) naive MF patients 1:1 to momelotinib (MMB) or ruxolitinib (RUX). Non-inferiority on the MPN-SAF TSS response rate endpoint at W24 was not met (MMB: 28% vs RUX: 42%); however, improvement in each of the 7 TSS items was similar for MMB vs RUX. To understand the discrepancy, we applied item analysis and mixed effect models for repeated measures (MMRM) to SIMPLIFY-1. Methods: Analyses were conducted in the intention-to-treat (ITT) population and in a symptomatic subset (selected as subjects with BL TSS ≥ 10). The distributions of TSS items were examined at BL and shift in scores at W24 (health state shifts) were assessed. GEE models were used to estimate item-level odds ratios using multiple predictive imputations for missing data. MMRM compared mean change in TSS from BL to W24 using data from all visits. The meaningful change threshold (MCT) was determined using Patient Global Impression of Change. Results: BL scores across items were heterogenous in the MMB and RUX groups; the proportion of subjects with no or mild symptoms (0–3 on a 0-10 point scale) ranged from 44% (tiredness) to 81% (itching). Distributions of BL scores were different across arms with 6 out of 7 items in the MMB arm reporting more severe or very severe symptoms (scores of 7-10) at BL. Despite the imbalance in BL scores, item-level health state shifts showed similar improvements for MMB and RUX. Categorical responder analysis showed no significant differences on any items. Odds ratios for each between-group comparison ranged from 0.74 to 1.20. MMRM mean TSS change at W24 was 6.35 (MMB) vs 7.87 (RUX) in the ITT and 8.80 (MMB) vs 10.46 (RUX) in the symptomatic subset. Mean TSS were near the within-subject MCT of 8 points in the ITT and exceeded the MCT in the symptomatic subset. The between-group difference was 1.52 (95% CI: (0.196, 2.847)) in the ITT and 1.67 (95% CI: -0.134, 3.468) in the symptomatic subset. Conclusions: Comparable item health state shifts at W24 and similar improvements in mean TSS as shown by MMRM, with a minimal between-group difference of 1.52 on the 70 point scale in context of an 8-point MCT suggest MMB provides clinically relevant and comparable symptom improvements to RUX; these analyses require further validation in independent data sets. Imbalance in BL symptom scores in MMB subjects may have contributed to the inability to demonstrate non-inferiority in TSS response rate at W24. Clinical trial information: NCT01969838.
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Chohan, S., A. Kavanaugh, V. Strand, R. C. Chou, A. M. Mendelsohn, S. Rozzo, and P. J. Mease. "AB0803 EFFICACY OF TILDRAKIZUMAB IN PsA: DAS28-CRP SCORES THROUGH WEEK 52." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 1702–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.3907.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background:Tildrakizumab (TIL), an anti–interleukin (IL)-23p19 monoclonal antibody, is approved in the US, EU, and Australia for treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis.1A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multiple-dose, phase 2b study (NCT02980692) evaluating efficacy and safety of TIL for treatment of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) was recently completed.Objectives:To evaluate the effect of TIL in PsA, using the DAS28-CRP responses up to week (W)52.Methods:Patients (pts) ≥18 years old with PsA2and ≥3 tender and ≥3 swollen joints were randomised 1:1:1:1:1 to receive TIL (200 mg once every 4 weeks [Q4W], 200 mg every 12 weeks [Q12W], 100 mg Q12W, or 20 mg Q12W) or placebo (PBO Q4W) to W24. Thereafter, PBO Q4W and TIL 20 mg Q12W arms crossed over to TIL 200 mg Q12W to W52. DAS28-CRP was shown to be reliable in PsA studies,3and pts achieving scores <3.2 satisfied responder criteria. Adverse events (AEs), including treatment-emergent AEs (TEAEs) and serious AEs (SAEs), were monitored throughout the study.Results:Overall, 391/500 pts screened met the inclusion criteria; 55% were female with a mean age of 48.8 years. At baseline, disease characteristics were generally consistent across treatment arms (Table).At W24, DAS28-CRP response rates increased across all TIL treatment arms relative to PBO (Figure). After W24, response rates continued to increase and were sustained through W52, including in pts who switched from PBO to TIL.From W0–W24/W25–W52, 50.4%/39.9% and 2.3%/1.0% of pts experienced a TEAE and SAE, respectively. There were no reports of candidiasis, inflammatory bowel disease, major adverse cardiac events or elevated liver enzymes. From W0–W24, 1 pt (0.3%) had urinary tract infection (TIL 100 mg Q12W). From W25–W52, 1 pt (0.3%) had an intraductal proliferative breast lesion (TIL 20→200 mg Q12W). One pt (0.3%) discontinued before 24 weeks due to hypertension. No deaths were reported.Table.Baseline disease characteristics related to DAS28-CRPTIL 200 mg Q4Wn = 78TIL 200 mg Q12Wn = 79TIL 100 mg Q12Wn = 77TIL 20→200 mg Q12Wn = 78PBO→TIL 200 mg Q12Wn = 79hsCRP, mg/L7.8 ± 18.610.5 ± 14.410.6 ± 20.010.7 ± 14.013.0 ± 20.8ESR, mm/h*22.8 ± 18.922.5 ± 19.824.7 ± 19.827.2 ± 20.726.9 ± 20.5Swollen joint count (66)10.4 ± 7.410.0 ± 8.011.0 ± 8.29.4 ± 6.411.8 ± 9.8Tender joint count (68)16.6 ± 11.919.5 ± 13.921.3 ± 14.819.0 ± 13.019.7 ± 14.7PtGA57.8 ± 18.361.1 ± 20.760.3 ± 20.261.9 ± 17.465.2 ± 18.1Data are reported as mean ± standard deviation unless otherwise stated.*Total pts analysed (n) = 71, 69, 70, 68, 62, respectively.ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-Reactive Protein; PBO, placebo; PtGA, Patient Global Assessment; pts, patients; Q4W, every 4 weeks; Q12W, every 12 weeks; TIL tildrakizumab.Conclusion:Treatment with all doses of TIL increased the rate of DAS28-CRP responders in pts with active PsA and was well tolerated, suggesting a reduction in PsA-related disease activity for up to 52 weeks of treatment. Ongoing analyses will assess whether DAS28-CRP responses correlate with baseline clinical characteristics.References:[1]Reich K, et al.Lancet. 2017;390(10091):276−88.[2]Taylor W, et al.Arthritis Rheum. 2006; 54(8):2665−73.[3]Fransen J, et al.Ann Rheum Dis. 2004; 62:151.Disclosure of Interests:Saima Chohan Employee of: Partner/physician at Arizona Arthritis and Rheumatology Associates, Arthur Kavanaugh Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Amgen, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Janssen, Pfizer, Gilead, UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, Amgen, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Janssen, Pfizer, Gilead, UCB, Vibeke Strand Consultant of: AbbVie, Amgen, Biogen, Celltrion, Consortium of Rheumatology Researchers of North America, Crescendo Bioscience, Eli Lilly, Genentech/Roche, GlaxoSmithKline, Hospira, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Sanofi, UCB, Richard C Chou Consultant of: Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, Inc, Alan M Mendelsohn Shareholder of: Johnson and Johnson, Employee of: Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, Inc, Stephen Rozzo Employee of: Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, Inc, Philip J Mease Grant/research support from: Abbott, Amgen, Biogen Idec, BMS, Celgene Corporation, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Sun Pharmaceutical, UCB – grant/research support, Consultant of: Abbott, Amgen, Biogen Idec, BMS, Celgene Corporation, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Sun Pharmaceutical, UCB – consultant, Speakers bureau: Abbott, Amgen, Biogen Idec, BMS, Eli Lilly, Genentech, Janssen, Pfizer, UCB – speakers bureau
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Youssef, Soha R., Doaa G. Eissa, Rania A. Abo-Shady, Nermeen Tayseer Aly Fouad, Dina K. Kattab, Hanaa Fathey, Abeer Ahmed Abdullaha Elewa, and Doaa M. Reda. "Seroprevalence of anti-WNV IgG antibodies and WNV-RNA in Egyptian blood donors." Journal of Medical Virology 89, no. 8 (March 20, 2017): 1323–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmv.24682.
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Botta, Arne, Mengji Lu, Xin Zhen, Thekla Kemper, and Michael Roggendorf. "Naturally Occurring Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus (WHV) Deletion Mutants in Chronically WHV-Infected Woodchucks." Virology 277, no. 2 (November 2000): 226–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/viro.1999.0127.
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Prince, Harry E., and Mary Lapé-Nixon. "Evaluation of a West Nile Virus Immunoglobulin A Capture Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay." Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 12, no. 1 (January 2005): 231–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cdli.12.1.231-233.2005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT An in-house-developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detected West Nile virus (WNV) immunoglobulin A (IgA) in 65 of 68 sera from WNV-infected patients; 40 of 63 WNV IgM-positive, IgG-negative serum or plasma specimens; 65 of 67 WNV IgM-positive, IgG-positive specimens; 0 of 70 WNV IgM-negative, IgG-negative specimens; and 0 of 64 archived blood donation sera. WNV IgA is thus highly prevalent among WNV-infected patients and typically appears after WNV IgM but before WNV IgG.
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Calin, Ruxandra, Stephanie Landowski, Marc-Antoine Valantin, Roland Tubiana, Romain Palich, Rachid Agher, Morgane Marcou, Christine Blanc, Christine Katlama, and Pierre de Truchis. "Efficacy of intermittent short cycles of integrase inhibitor-based maintenance ART in virologically suppressed HIV patients." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 75, no. 5 (January 16, 2020): 1321–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkz555.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Background Several studies have shown that NNRTI/PI-based triple therapy could be safely administered as a 4 days (4D) or 5 days (5D) a week maintenance strategy. We report here our experience of using an integrase inhibitor (INSTI)-based 4D/5D regimen in virologically suppressed HIV patients. Methods This cohort study enrolled adult patients on ART with viral load (VL) <50 copies/mL for >1 year, who switched to an INSTI-based triple regimen given 4D/5D a week. The primary endpoint was the virological efficacy rate at Week (W) 48, with virological failure defined as confirmed VL ≥50 copies/mL. Results A total of 73 patients were included (n = 28 for 4D, n = 45 for 5D): 54 men (74%), median (IQR) age 51 (45–57) years, ART duration 10 (6–18) years and duration of viral suppression 5 (2–9) years at baseline. As of 25 March 2019, the median follow-up was 21 (14–35) months, with a total of 161 patient-years of follow-up; all patients had reached the W24 visit, 66 (90%) W48 and 34 (47%) W96. Four patients discontinued the strategy: virological failure (n = 2) at W60 and W67, respectively, switch for renal toxicity (n = 1) at W28 and switch to rilpivirine/dolutegravir (n = 1) at W65. Overall the rate of virological success (95% CI) was 100% (94%–100%) at W24 and W48 and 93.7% (79.8%–98.2%) at W96. Conclusions While waiting for the final results of the large randomized QUATUOR ANRS-170 study, our real-life results suggest that the use of an intermittent maintenance triple-drug regimen given as a weekend (2 or 3 days) off is as effective with an INSTI-based regimen as with a PI or an NNRTI.
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Lu, Mengji, Gero Hilken, Dongliang Yang, Thekla Kemper, and Michael Roggendorf. "Replication of Naturally Occurring Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus Deletion Mutants in Primary Hepatocyte Cultures and after Transmission to Naive Woodchucks." Journal of Virology 75, no. 8 (April 15, 2001): 3811–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.75.8.3811-3818.2001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT Woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV) mutants with core internal deletions (CID) occur naturally in chronically WHV-infected woodchucks, as do hepatitis B virus mutants in humans. We studied the replication of WHV deletion mutants in primary woodchuck hepatocyte cultures and in vivo after transmission to naive woodchucks. By screening 14 wild-caught, chronically WHV-infected woodchucks, two woodchucks, WH69 and WH70, were found to harbor WHV CID mutants. Consistent with previous results, WHV CID mutants from both animals had deletions of variable lengths (90 to 135 bp) within the middle of the WHV core gene. In woodchuck WH69, WHV CID mutants represented a predominant fraction of the viral population in sera, normal liver tissues, and to a lesser extent, in liver tumor tissues. In primary hepatocytes of WH69, the replication of wild-type WHV and CID mutants was maintained at least for 7 days. Although WHV CID mutants were predominant in fractions of cellular WHV replicative intermediates, mutant covalently closed circular DNAs (cccDNAs) appeared to be a small part of cccDNA-enriched fractions. Analysis of cccDNA-enriched fractions from liver tissues of other woodchucks confirmed that mutant cccDNA represents only a small fraction of the total cccDNA pool. Four naive woodchucks were inoculated with sera from woodchuck WH69 or WH70 containing WHV CID mutants. All four woodchucks developed viremia after 3 to 4 weeks postinoculation (p.i.). They developed anti-WHV core antigen (WHcAg) antibody, lymphoproliferative response to WHcAg, and anti-WHV surface antigen. Only wild-type WHV, but no CID mutant, was found in sera from these woodchucks. The WHV CID mutant was also not identified in liver tissue from one woodchuck sacrificed in week 7 p.i. Three remaining woodchucks cleared WHV. Thus, the presence of WHV CID mutants in the inocula did not significantly change the course of acute self-limiting WHV infection. Our results indicate that the replication of WHV CID mutants might require some specific selective conditions. Further investigations on WHV CID mutants will allow us to have more insight into hepadnavirus replication.
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DING, Xiaobin, Izumi MURAKAMI, Daiji KATO, Hiroyuki A. SAKAUE, Fumihiro KOIKE, and Chenzhong DONG. "Collisional-Radiative Modeling of W27+." Plasma and Fusion Research 7 (2012): 2403128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1585/pfr.7.2403128.
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Cox, Mike. "Wrappers and Metadata Technology (W25)." SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal 116, no. 9 (September 2007): 337–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5594/j16069.
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Hagens, Mireille. "Toezicht in de Wiv 2017." Justitiële verkenningen 44, no. 1 (March 2018): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5553/jv/016758502018044001006.
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