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1
Babuk, Alexander. "Flaming as a speech conflict inciting tool in Internet-discourse." Russian Journal of Deviant Behavior 2, no. 1 (April 28, 2022): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.35750/2713-0622-2022-1-85-92.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article analyzes flaming as a tool for a speech conflict inciting. The author backs up the idea that flaming as a mean of speech aggression appeared on the threshold of a new era due to the development of the mass media and computer-mediated communication in the Internet discourse. It is shown that flaming is actively used in combination with other forms of speech aggression in Internet discourse, such as trolling and cyberbullying. Phenomenon of «hate speech» is assigned a special role in flamewars. This term as the international legal practice shows, denotes the opposition of the subjects described in the text based on certain characteristics (race, language, religion, nationality, or belonging to any group) and inducement to violent actions that are carried out based on them. Using specific examples, the author attempts to classify flaming to reveal their strategic goals and to describe the tactics of discreditation illustrating the intent of the content creator. The work emphasizes the need to reveal the communicating tactics in the framework of forensic linguistics examination as well as deanonymization of the flaming content creators via forensic authorship examination.
2
Han, Ruo-qiao, Kai Yang, Ling-fei Ji, and Chen Ling. "Analysis of Shear Bond Strength and Morphology of Er:YAG Laser-Recycled Ceramic Orthodontic Brackets." BioMed Research International 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7276287.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objective. The aim of this study was to compare the recycling of deboned ceramic brackets via an Er:YAG laser or via the traditional chairside processing methods of flaming and sandblasting; shear bond strength and morphological changes were evaluated in recycled brackets versus new brackets.Materials and Methods. 3M Clarity Self-Ligating Ceramic Brackets with a microcrystalline base were divided into groups subjected to flaming, sandblasting, or exposure to an Er:YAG laser. New ceramic brackets served as a control group. Shear bond strengths were determined with an Electroforce test machine and tested for statistical significance through analysis of variance. Morphological examinations of the recycled ceramic bracket bases were conducted with scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Residue on the bracket base was analyzed with Raman spectroscopy.Results. Faded, dark adhesive was left on recycled bracket bases processed via flaming. Adhesive was thoroughly removed by both sandblasting and exposure to an Er:YAG laser. Compared with new brackets, shear bond strength was lower after sandblasting (p<0.05), but not after exposure to an Er:YAG laser. The Er:YAG laser caused no damage to the bracket.Conclusion. Er:YAG lasers effectively remove adhesive from the bases of ceramic brackets without damaging them; thus, this method may be preferred over other recycling methods.
3
Greenwood, A. "Laparoscopic salpingectomy in a hybrid flamingo." Veterinary Record 131, no. 15 (October 10, 1992): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.131.15.349.
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4
McHale, James, Richard W. Schaeffer, Abebbe Kebede, Jorge Macho, and Robert E. Salomon. "Preparation of high-T c oxide films via flaming solvent spray." Journal of Superconductivity 5, no. 6 (December 1992): 511–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00618241.
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5
Bruschetti, Paolo. "Iscrizioni inedite dal Vicus Martis Tudertium sull'antica via Flamini." Mélanges de l’École française de Rome. Antiquité 106, no. 1 (1994): 15–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/mefr.1994.1837.
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Kaaret, Philip, Steve Tammes, Jun Wang, Thomas Schnell, Marc Linderman, Carlton H. Richey, Colin M. Packard, Meng Zhou, and Chase A. Fuller. "On the Potential of Flaming Hotspot Detection at Night via Multiband Visible/Near-Infrared Imaging." Remote Sensing 14, no. 19 (October 9, 2022): 5019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14195019.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The severity of wildfires is increasing and has driven increases in nighttime fire activity. Enhanced capability to detect the active burning regions of wildfires at night could significantly improve the effectiveness of wildfire management operations. Potassium line emission in the NIR near 770 nm is a signature of active burning. We test the use of multi-band imaging from an aircraft at night to distinguish a wood-burning fire from artificial light sources. We find that a simple ratio of the signals in two broad bands, one including 770 nm, effectively discriminates the fire from artificial light sources. This offers the possibility of nighttime fire detection with high spatial resolution using silicon sensors sensitive in the NIR.
7
Peluso, Alicia I., Erica A. Royer, Matthew J. Wall, and Matthew J. Anderson. "The Relationship between Environmental Factors and Flamingo Aggression Examined via Internet Resources." Avian Biology Research 6, no. 3 (August 2013): 215–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/175815513x13740436033839.
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8
Guarini, Maria Rosaria, Fabrizio Battisti, and Claudia Buccarini. "Rome: Re-Qualification Program for the Street Markets in Public-Private Partnership. A Further Proposal for the Flaminio II Street Market." Advanced Materials Research 838-841 (November 2013): 2928–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.838-841.2928.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In 2009 the Municipality of Rome (MR) started a re-qualification program for the street markets through the use of public-private partnership (PPP). This program concerns strategic areas and buildings within the city of Rome, including the Flaminio II street market located in Via Guido Reni in the Flaminio district. In summary, this paper intends to: i) examine the Flaminio II market pre-feasibility project elaborated by MR; ii) with reference to the PPP regulatory framework, show a further proposal to be compared with the proposal by MR. This further proposal represents the first alternative solution, drawn up in order to guarantee that following PPPs concerning street markets are approved by MR; it will be implemented in a concerted way, which will take into account the actual needs of the local stakeholders.
9
Gonzalez-Triviño, I., J. Pascual-Cosp, B. Moreno, and M. Benítez-Guerrero. "Manufacture of ceramics with high mechanical properties from red mud and granite waste." Materiales de Construcción 69, no. 333 (January 28, 2019): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/mc.2019.03818.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Red mud (bauxite residue) is an alkaline suspension that is the by-product of alumina production via the Bayer process. Its elevated annual production and the global inventory of red mud determine its valorisation. Granite can be used as a source of fluxing oxides for the ceramic industry, as can the flake-shaped waste generated during the flaming of granite. In this work, a set of ceramic pieces made of red mud and granite waste are prepared and characterised via X-ray diffraction, a hardness test, electron scanning microscopy, a leaching test, and determining open porosity, water absorption, bulk density and flexural strength of the samples. The main crystalline phases in the high-temperature fired products are hematite, pseudobrookite and anorthite; the presence of magnetite reveals their ferrimagnetic character. All samples present high mechanical properties. Leaching results are below critical levels established by regulations.
10
Przystas, Agnieszka, Milijana Jovic, Khalifah Salmeia, Daniel Rentsch, Laurent Ferry, Henri Mispreuve, Heribert Perler, and Sabyasachi Gaan. "Some Key Factors Influencing the Flame Retardancy of EDA-DOPO Containing Flexible Polyurethane Foams." Polymers 10, no. 10 (October 9, 2018): 1115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10101115.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The role of various additives (emulsifier, anti-dripping agent) and formulation procedures (pre-dispersion of solid additives in polyol via milling) which influence the flame retardancy of 6,6′-[ethan-1,2-diylbis(azandiyl)]bis(6H-dibenzo[c,e][1,2]oxaphosphin-6-oxid) (EDA-DOPO) containing flexible polyurethane foams has been investigated in this work. For comparison, the flame retardancy of two additional structurally-analogous bridged 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO)-based compounds, i.e., ethanolamine-DOPO (ETA-DOPO) and ethylene glycol-DOPO (EG-DOPO) were also evaluated together with EDA-DOPO in flexible PU foams of various formulations. The flame retardancy of these three bridged-DOPO compounds depends on the type of PU formulation. For certain PU formulations containing EDA-DOPO, lower fire performance was observed. Addition of emulsifier and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) to these PU formulations influenced positively the flame retardancy of EDA-DOPO/PU foams. In addition, dispersion of EDA-DOPO and PTFE via milling in polyol improved the flame retardancy of the PU foams. Mechanistic studies performed using a microscale combustion calorimeter (MCC) and its coupling to FTIR showed no difference in the combustion efficiency of the bridged-DOPO compounds in PU foams. From MCC experiments it can be concluded that these bridged-DOPO compounds and their decomposition products may work primarily in the gas phase as flame inhibitors. The physiochemical behavior of additives in PU formulation responsible for the improvement in the flame retardancy of PU foams was further investigated by studying the dripping behavior of the PU foams in the UL 94 HB test. A high-speed camera was used to study the dripping behavior in the UL 94 HB test and results indicate a considerable reduction of the total number of melt drips and flaming drips for the flame retardant formulations. This reduction in melt drips and flaming drips during the UL 94 HB tests help PU foams achieve higher fire classification.
11
Parke, J. L., R. G. Linderman, N. K. Osterbauer, and J. A. Griesbach. "Detection of Phytophthora ramorum Blight in Oregon Nurseries and Completion of Koch's Postulates on Pieris, Rhododendron, Viburnum, and Camellia." Plant Disease 88, no. 1 (January 2004): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2004.88.1.87a.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Phytophthora ramorum, the cause of sudden oak death in California and Oregon coastal forests and ramorum blight in European nurseries and landscapes (1), was detected in six Oregon nurseries in Jackson, Clackamas, and Washington counties from May to June 2003. The pathogen was isolated from: Viburnum bodnantense ‘Dawn’, V. plicatum var. tomentosum ‘Mariesii’, Pieris japonica × formosa ‘Forest Flame’, P. japonica ‘Variegata’ and ‘Flaming Silver’, P. floribunda × japonica ‘Brouwer's Beauty’, Camellia sasanqua ‘Bonanza’ and other cultivars, C. japonica, and Rhododendron × ‘Unique’. Samples of symptomatic tissues were plated on a Phytophthora-selective medium (PARP) and tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (3). All samples positive for P. ramorum with PCR yielded P. ramorum isolates in culture. The isolates have the European genotype, mating type A1, except for the Camellia spp. isolates, which have the North American genotype, mating type A2 (2). Isolates are deposited in the American Type Culture Collection. Koch's postulates for this pathogen have been completed on V. bodnantense and C. japonica (1). To confirm pathogenicity on the new hosts, isolates from V. plicatum var. tomentosum ‘Mariesii’, Pieris × ‘Forest Flame’, Pieris × ‘Brouwer's Beauty’, and P. japonica ‘Variegata’ and ‘Flaming Silver’ were used to inoculate healthy plants of the same cultivars. For isolates from Rhododendron × ‘Unique’ and C. sasanqua ‘Bonanza’, pathogenicity was tested on Rhododendron × ‘Nova Zembla’ and C. sasanqua ‘Sutsugekka’ and ‘Kanjiro’. Three to five plants of each cultivar were inoculated and three to five were noninoculated. Zoospore inoculum was prepared on dilute V8 agar for one isolate from each host. Foliage of plants growing in 10-cm pots was dipped for 5 sec in a zoospore suspension (3 × 104 zoospores per ml) or sprayed to runoff with a hand mister (6 × 104 zoospores per ml). Control plants were dipped in or sprayed with sterile water. C. sasanqua plants were also inoculated by placing 6-mm mycelial plugs on individual leaves that had been wounded by piercing with a pin. Control leaves were wounded but not inoculated. Foliage was enclosed in plastic bags to retain humidity and the pathogen, and plants were incubated in a locked growth chamber (21 to 23°C). After 21 days, plants were examined for symptoms, and isolations onto PARP were made. All inoculated plants showed foliar symptoms, and P. ramorum was consistently isolated from inoculated plants, but not from asymptomatic control plants. On Rhododendron × ‘Nova Zembla’, nearly all leaves were wilted and dead, as were terminal buds and stems. Pieris spp. cultivars exhibited leaf and stem necrosis and defoliation. On V. plicatum var. tomentosum ‘Mariesii’, necrotic leaf lesions and defoliation of the lower leaves were observed. On C. sasanqua, necrotic lesions developed only on wounded leaves inoculated with mycelial plugs; these leaves abscised. Our results confirm the pathogenicity of Oregon nursery isolates of P. ramorum on V. plicatum var. tomentosum ‘Mariesii’, P. japonica × formosa ‘Forest Flame’, P. japonica ‘Variegata’ and ‘Flaming Silver’, P. floribunda × japonica ‘Brouwer's Beauty’, C. sasanqua and Rhododendron and complete Koch's postulates for several new hosts. References: (1) J. M. Davidson et al. Online publication. doi:10.1094/PHP-2003-0707-01-DG. Plant Health Progress, 2003. (2) E. M. Hansen et al. Plant Dis. 87:1267, 2003. (3) L. M. Winton and E. M. Hansen. For. Pathol. 31:275, 2001.
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Ulloa, Santiago M., Avishek Datta, Sidnei D. Cavalieri, Mario Lesnik, and Stevan Z. Knezevic. "Popcorn (Zea mays L. var. everta) yield and yield components as influenced by the timing of broadcast flaming." Crop Protection 29, no. 12 (December 2010): 1496–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2010.08.011.
Повний текст джерела
13
Cozza, Lucos. "Roma: le Mura Aureliane dalla Porta Flaminia al Tevere." Papers of the British School at Rome 57 (November 1989): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068246200009065.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Como ho già detto (p. xii), Ferdinando Castagnoli ha lasciato interrotti ma bene avviati i lavori di revisione e aggiornamento della nuova edizione della Forma Urbis di Lanciani in scala 1:1000. Al fine di mantenere vivo l'interesse per la realizzazione di quest'opera approfitto dell'ospitalità dei Papers per pubblicare una mia revisione delle mura di Aureliano tra la Porta Flaminia e il Tevere preparata a tale scopo (Fig. 1).La porzione delle mura di Aureliano compresa tra l'attuale via Ferdinando di Savoia in prossimità dell'imbocco di ponte Margherita e la porta Flaminia è rappresentata in pianta nella tavola I della FUR di Lanciani (edita nel 1893?) Il colore nero indica le parti ancora esistenti al tempo di Lanciani, oppure quelle che egli potè vedere fugacemente in occasione di scavi. Il nero è usato anche per un monumento non più visibile ma per il quale egli aveva raggiunto una sua convinzione di certezza: si tratta del ‘sepulcrum’ coincidente con la terza torre ad occidente di Porta Flaminia. Il colore grigio (ottenuto grafıcamente con linee parallele accostate) indica le parti non più visibili che Lanciani ricostrui tenendo presente piante dal XVI al XVIII secolo (de' Rocchi, Bufalini, Nolli).
14
LASSOK, BIRGIT, and BERND-ALOIS TENHAGEN. "From Pig to Pork: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the Pork Production Chain." Journal of Food Protection 76, no. 6 (June 1, 2013): 1095–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-12-341.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major global public health concern and could be a food safety issue. Recurrent reports have documented that pig herds are an important reservoir for MRSA, specifically the livestock-associated sequence type 398. The high prevalence of MRSA in pig primary production facilities and the frequent detection of MRSA of the same types in pork and pig meat products raise the question of underlying mechanisms behind the introduction and transmission of MRSA along the pork production chain. A comprehensive review of current literature on the worldwide presence of livestock-associated MRSA in various steps of the pork production chain revealed that the slaughter process plays a decisive role in MRSA transmission from farm to fork. Superficial heat treatments such as scalding and flaming during the slaughter process can significantly reduce the burden of MRSA on the carcasses. However, recontamination with MRSA might occur via surface treating machinery, as a result of fecal contamination at evisceration, or via increased human handling during meat processing. By optimizing processes for carcass decontamination and avoiding recontamination by effective cleaning and personal hygiene management, transmission of MRSA from pig to pork can be minimized.
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Okoli, Tochukwu Timothy, Devi Datt Tewari, and Ajibola Rhodaoluwafisayomi. "The Relationship between Oil Price Volatility and Macroeconomic Variables in Nigeria: A Vector Autoregressive (VAR) Approach." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 9, no. 6(J) (January 15, 2018): 237–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v9i6(j).2020.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Nigeria as an oil exporting mono-economy is susceptible to fluctuations in the world oil prices. About 97 percent of the government’s revenues are gotten from proceeds from oil export. The study attempts to assess the behaviors of macroeconomic variables in the face of oil price volatility in Nigeria. The empirical evidences reveal that macroeconomic variables were susceptibility to volatility in Oil Price. The theoretical framework is based on the Mundel-Flaming model and adopts the variance decomposition and impulse response functions to explain the dynamic properties of the VAR methodology. The impulse response results reveal that a one standard deviation in oil price will trigger a significant change in RGDP, GEXP, INFLATION and IMPORT both in the short and long run, and IR and EXR significantly only in the short run. Finally, the variance decomposition of RGDP, GEXP and EXR reveals that the variability in them were significantly explained by oil price volatility and other tests ran reveals a consistent result. Therefore, volatility in oil price has direct impact on real GDP, Government expenditure, inflation, interest rate, exchange rate and import. The researchers therefore recommend diversification of the economy to other sectors, financial prudence, sound fiscal policy and the lowering of interest rate to stimulate domestic investment.
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Okoli, Tochukwu Timothy, Devi Datt Tewari, and Ajibola Rhodaoluwafisayomi. "The Relationship between Oil Price Volatility and Macroeconomic Variables in Nigeria: A Vector Autoregressive (VAR) Approach." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 9, no. 6 (January 15, 2018): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v9i6.2020.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Nigeria as an oil exporting mono-economy is susceptible to fluctuations in the world oil prices. About 97 percent of the government’s revenues are gotten from proceeds from oil export. The study attempts to assess the behaviors of macroeconomic variables in the face of oil price volatility in Nigeria. The empirical evidences reveal that macroeconomic variables were susceptibility to volatility in Oil Price. The theoretical framework is based on the Mundel-Flaming model and adopts the variance decomposition and impulse response functions to explain the dynamic properties of the VAR methodology. The impulse response results reveal that a one standard deviation in oil price will trigger a significant change in RGDP, GEXP, INFLATION and IMPORT both in the short and long run, and IR and EXR significantly only in the short run. Finally, the variance decomposition of RGDP, GEXP and EXR reveals that the variability in them were significantly explained by oil price volatility and other tests ran reveals a consistent result. Therefore, volatility in oil price has direct impact on real GDP, Government expenditure, inflation, interest rate, exchange rate and import. The researchers therefore recommend diversification of the economy to other sectors, financial prudence, sound fiscal policy and the lowering of interest rate to stimulate domestic investment.
17
Sportelli, Mino, Christian Frasconi, Marco Fontanelli, Michel Pirchio, Lorenzo Gagliardi, Michele Raffaelli, Andrea Peruzzi, and Daniele Antichi. "Innovative Living Mulch Management Strategies for Organic Conservation Field Vegetables: Evaluation of Continuous Mowing, Flaming, and Tillage Performances." Agronomy 12, no. 3 (March 2, 2022): 622. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12030622.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Organic vegetable production is particularly affected by weed pressure and mechanical weeding is the major tactic implemented by growers to keep weeds under economic thresholds. Living mulch (LM) has been shown to provide several environmental services; however, LM management is required to avoid competition between service crops and cash crops. The aim of this trial was to evaluate two innovative LM-based management systems: a system that provided LM growth regulation by means of flaming (LM-FL) and a system where the LM was regularly mowed by an autonomous mower (LM-AM), both compared with a control without LM and based on standard tillage operations (TILL). The three management systems were evaluated in terms of crop production, weed control, and energy consumption on a 2 yr organic crop rotation of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. var botrytis) and eggplant (Solanum melongena L.). LM-AM produced an acceptable fresh marketable yield for both vegetable crops. Moreover, the weed dry biomass obtained in LM-AM-managed plots was lower compared to the LM-FL plots and ranged approximately from 200 to 300 kg ha−1. Furthermore, LM-AM management resulted in lower energy consumption (−2330 kWh ha−1 with respect to the TILL system and −7225 kWh ha−1 with respect to the LM-FL system). The results of this trial suggest that autonomous mowers have a great potential to improve LM management and help with implementing sustainable organic vegetable systems.
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Ulloa, Santiago M., Avishek Datta, Goran Malidza, Robert Leskovsek, and Stevan Z. Knezevic. "Timing and propane dose of broadcast flaming to control weed population influenced yield of sweet maize (Zea mays L. var. rugosa)." Field Crops Research 118, no. 3 (September 2010): 282–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2010.06.007.
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Rabe, Sebastian, Guadalupe Sanchez-Olivares, Ricardo Pérez-Chávez, and Bernhard Schartel. "Natural Keratin and Coconut Fibres from Industrial Wastes in Flame Retarded Thermoplastic Starch Biocomposites." Materials 12, no. 3 (January 22, 2019): 344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12030344.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Natural keratin fibres derived from Mexican tannery waste and coconut fibres from coconut processing waste were used as fillers in commercially available, biodegradable thermoplastic starch-polyester blend to obtain sustainable biocomposites. The morphology, rheological and mechanical properties as well as pyrolysis, flammability and forced flaming combustion behaviour of those biocomposites were investigated. In order to open up new application areas for these kinds of biocomposites, ammonium polyphosphate (APP) was added as a flame retardant. Extensive flammability and cone calorimeter studies revealed a good flame retardance effect with natural fibres alone and improved effectiveness with the addition of APP. In fact, it was shown that replacing 20 of 30 wt. % of APP with keratin fibres achieved the same effectiveness. In the case of coconut fibres, a synergistic effect led to an even lower heat release rate and total heat evolved due to reinforced char residue. This was confirmed via scanning electron microscopy of the char structure. All in all, these results constitute a good approach towards sustainable and biodegradable fibre reinforced biocomposites with improved flame retardant properties.
20
Dawson, Melanie. "Wharton, Sex, and the Terrible Honesty of the 1920s." Edith Wharton Review 32, no. 1-2 (November 1, 2016): 20–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/editwharrevi.32.1-2.20.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Reading Wharton's novels The Mother's Recompense and Twilight Sleep in relation to a broader cultural conversation about the supposedly new nature of honesty, “Wharton Sex, and the Terrible Honesty of the 1920s” interrogates one central tenet of this concept: that youth were understood to be more profoundly invested in honesty and its shocking provocations than were their elders. Warner Fabian's 1923 best seller, Flaming Youth, for example, proposes that part of the shock of the modern was youth's tendency to voice disconcerting, uncomfortable truths of the type Ann Douglas has explored and which early twentieth-century commentators such Fabian, Ben Lindsey and Wainwright Evans, and Frederick Lewis Allen presented as characteristics of a generation. Yet Wharton's vision disrupts this generational narrative by highlighting the younger generation's provocative postures of honesty, even while they engage in surreptitious affairs, display a willful blindness to troubling events, and exhibit self-denial in regard to their deepest desires. In all, youth of Wharton's 1920s fictions appear less than forthright about the most significant aspects of their lives, thereby complicating a central narrative that would divide generations via the matter of truth.
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Akagi, S. K., I. R. Burling, A. Mendoza, T. J. Johnson, M. Cameron, D. W. T. Griffith, C. Paton-Walsh, D. R. Weise, J. Reardon, and R. J. Yokelson. "Field measurements of trace gases emitted by prescribed fires in southeastern US pine forests using an open-path FTIR system." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 13, no. 7 (July 10, 2013): 18489–533. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-13-18489-2013.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. We report trace-gas emission factors from three pine-understory prescribed fires in South Carolina, US measured during the fall of 2011. The fires were more intense than many prescribed burns because the fuels included mature pine stands not subjected to prescribed fire in decades that were lit following an extended drought. The emission factors were measured with a fixed open-path Fourier transform infrared (OP-FTIR) system that was deployed on the fire control lines. We compare these emission factors to those measured with a roving, point sampling, land-based FTIR and an airborne FTIR that were deployed on the same fires. We also compare to emission factors measured by a similar OP-FTIR system deployed on savanna fires in Africa. The data suggest that the method used to sample smoke can strongly influence the relative abundance of the emissions that are observed. The majority of the fire emissions were lofted in the convection column and they were sampled by the airborne FTIR along with the downwind chemistry. The roving, ground-based, point sampling FTIR measured the contribution of actively located individual residual smoldering combustion fuel elements scattered throughout the burn site. The OP-FTIR provided a ~30 m path-integrated sample of emissions transported to the fixed path via complex ground-level circulation. The OP-FTIR typically probed two distinct combustion regimes, "flaming-like" (immediately after adjacent ignition and before the adjacent plume achieved significant vertical development) and "smoldering-like." These two regimes are denoted "early" and "late", respectively. The emission factors from all three systems were plotted versus modified combustion efficiency and for some species (e.g. CH4 and CH3OH) they fit a single trend suggesting that the different emission factors for these species were mainly due to the specific mix of flaming and smoldering that each system sampled. For other species, the different fuels sampled also likely contributed to platform differences in emission factors. The path-integrated sample of the ground-level smoke layer adjacent to the fire provided by the OP-FTIR also provided our best estimate of fire-line exposure to smoke for wildland fire personnel. We provide a table of estimated fire-line exposures for numerous known air toxics based on synthesizing results from several studies. Our data suggest that peak exposures are more likely to challenge permissible exposure limits for wildland fire personnel than shift-average (8 h) exposures.
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Smith, Alistair M. S., and Martin J. Wooster. "Remote classification of head and backfire types from MODIS fire radiative power and smoke plume observations." International Journal of Wildland Fire 14, no. 3 (2005): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf05012.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The classification of savanna fires into headfire and backfire types can in theory help in assessing pollutant emissions to the atmosphere via relative apportionment of the amounts of smouldering and flaming combustion occurring, and is also important when assessing a fire’s ecological effects. This paper provides a preliminary assessment of whether a combination of visible and thermal satellite remote sensing can be used to classify fires into head and backfire categories. Remote determination of the fire radiative power, alongside assessments of the prevailing direction of the wind (through identification of the fire-related smoke plumes) and the fire front propagation (through its relation to the previously burned area) were used to infer the fire type category and to calculate ‘radiative’ fireline intensity (FLI). The ratio of radiative FLI for the head and backfire categories was found similar to that of in situ fireline intensity measurements, but the magnitudes of the radiative FLI values were around an order of magnitude lower. This agrees with other data suggesting that a fire’s radiative energy is around an order of magnitude lower than the fuel’s theoretical heat yield, and suggests that the remote measurement of radiative FLI and classification of headfire and backfire types is a realistic proposition for large wildfire activity.
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Formstone, Caroline J., and Ivor Mason. "Combinatorial activity of Flamingo proteins directs convergence and extension within the early zebrafish embryo via the planar cell polarity pathway." Developmental Biology 282, no. 2 (June 2005): 320–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ydbio.2005.03.026.
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Potter, T. W., J. M. Reynolds, and Susan Walker. "The Roman road station of Aquaviva, southern Etruria." Papers of the British School at Rome 67 (November 1999): 199–232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068246200004566.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
LA STAZIONE STRADALE ROMANA DI ACQUAVIVA, ETRURIA MERIDIONALEAcquaviva era una piccola stazione stradale romana sulla via Flaminia a nord di Roma. Ricognizione intrapreso nel 1967–8 rivelò che in epoca repubblicana ed alto imperiale l'insediamento si addensava intorno ad un importante nodo stradale; nella parte bassa, a sud, fu identificato un altro complesso, con un notevole mausoleo alto imperiale che conteneva un'iscrizione. Nel periodo tardo-romano quest’area divenne il centro dell'insediamento principale, che può essere associato ad una diocesi di cui è nota l'esistenza nel periodo che va dal 465 al 502 d.C, ma non susseguentemente.
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Zhang, Weizhou, Cheng Zheng, Yuhui Zhang, and Weihong Guo. "Preparation and Characterization of Flame-Retarded Poly(butylene terephthalate)/Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Blends: Effect of Content and Type of Flame Retardant." Polymers 11, no. 11 (October 31, 2019): 1784. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11111784.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A flame retardant named TAD was synthesized by the reaction of 9,10-Dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide and triallyl isocyanurate at first. Then, novel flameretarded materials based on PBT and PET resin were formulated via melt blending with TAD, expandable graphite (EG), and a mixture of both. The effect of flame retardant type and TAD content on the flame behavior of PBT/PET blend was carefully investigated. TAD contributed towards higher LOI value and better UL-94 performance than EG. However, the best V-0 rating in the UL-94 test was achieved by the incorporation of TAD/EG mixture into the resin matrix. TAD/EG combination exhibited clear synergistic effect on both reducing the flaming intensity and increasing the residual char layer, as confirmed by cone calorimeter tests and TGA results. SEM images combined with XPS analysis revealed that expansion and migration of EG locked the P-containing radicals from decomposing TAD into the condensed phase, which led to the formation of compact and continuous char layers. All the results in our studies demonstrate that incorporation of TAD with a charring agent EG is an effective and promising technique to develop flame-retarded PBT/PET material, which has high potential for applications in the areas of electronic devices, household products, and automotive parts.
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Wilson, Rhiannon L., and William A. Hoch. "Identification of Sterile, Noninvasive Cultivars of Japanese Spirea." HortScience 44, no. 7 (December 2009): 2031–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.44.7.2031.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Japanese spirea (Spiraea japonica L. f.), a popular landscape shrub, has shown the potential to become an invasive weed in both North America and Europe. Twenty commonly available S. japonica cultivars were evaluated for fertility using pollen and seed germination. Clones were grown in a randomized, replicated field plot, and additional seed samples were obtained from commercial nurseries and hand-pollinations in the greenhouse. Three sterile cultivars were identified: ‘Crispa’, ‘Dart's Red’, and ‘Neon Flash’. These cultivars demonstrated poor anther dehiscence and very low mean pollen germination, 2.7%, 3.0%, and 1.3%, respectively, which often produced abnormal pollen tubes. None of these three cultivars produced viable seed in the field plot, at commercial nurseries, or when hand-pollinated in the greenhouse, whereas seed germination from fertile clones ranged from 91.5% to 100%. The other 17 cultivars tested, which should be treated as entirely fertile for the purposes of invasive plant management, were ‘Albiflora’, ‘Anthony Waterer’, ‘Candlelight’, ‘Dakota Goldcharm’, var. alpina ‘Daphne’, ‘Flaming Mound’, ‘Flowering Choice’, ‘Froebelii’, ‘Golden Princess’, ‘Goldflame’, ‘Goldmound’, ‘Gumball’, ‘Lemon Princess’, ‘Little Princess’, ‘Magic Carpet’, ‘Norman’, and ‘Shibori’. Measurements of DNA content indicated that all tested clones are diploid; therefore, the observed sterility was not related to polyploidy. The identification of these three sterile cultivars can help reduce the use of fertile varieties in areas where Japanese spirea has shown the potential to become invasive.
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Adomi, Esharenana E., Joy Ashy Eriki, Pereware Aghwotu Tiemo, and Lucky O. Akpojotor. "Incidents of Cyberbullying Among Library and Information Science (LIS) Students at Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria." International Journal of Digital Literacy and Digital Competence 7, no. 4 (October 2016): 52–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijdldc.2016100104.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this study is to explore incidents of cyberbullying among library and information science (LIS) students at Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria. Descriptive survey research design was adopted in this study. This design was adopted because it would permit the researchers to investigate the current status of the incidents of cyberbullying among library and information science students at Delta State University, Abraka and did not involve manipulation of variables. The population and sample of this study consisted of year three undergraduate library and information science student of Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria. This is made of 80 students in 2013/2014 academic session. The questionnaire was used as instrument of data collection. Frequency counts and percentage were used for data analysis. The study revealed that 80% of the students have knowledge of cyberbullying; 80% of them have been cyberbullied; the types of cyberbullying experienced include harassment, flaming, masquerade, denigration, exclusion, outing and trickery, and cyberstalking in that order; 40.6% of the students were cyberbullied via Facebook, 37.5% via cell phone, 31.3% chat room, 21.9% via instant messaging, 14.1% e-mail; 35.9% of them perceived perpetrators of the cyberbullying to be friends, 25 anonymous/don't know, 23.4% ex-lover, 15.6% course mate; the effects of cyberbullying on the students are anger (40.6%), low self-esteem (25%), depression (21.9%), low academic performance (20.3%), school phobia (15.6%). This study provided primary data on students and cyberbullying in a developing country. The findings would enable educational authorities to know the status of cyberbullying among university students, which would help them to educate the students on the issues involved and plan intervention actions that will assist the students to deal with experience of cyberbullying.
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Wooster, M. J., P. H. Freeborn, S. Archibald, C. Oppenheimer, G. J. Roberts, T. E. L. Smith, N. Govender, M. Burton, and I. Palumbo. "Field determination of biomass burning emission ratios and factors via open-path FTIR spectroscopy and fire radiative power assessment: headfire, backfire and residual smouldering combustion in African savannahs." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 11, no. 2 (February 1, 2011): 3529–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-11-3529-2011.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. Biomass burning emissions factors are vital to quantifying trace gases releases from vegetation fires. Here we evaluate emissions factors for a series of savannah fires in Kruger National Park (KNP), South Africa using ground-based open path Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and an infrared lamp separated by 150–250 m distance. Molecular abundances along the extended open path are retrieved using a spectral forward model coupled to a non-linear least squares fitting approach. We demonstrate derivation of trace gas column amounts for horizontal paths transecting the width of the advected plume, and find, for example, that CO mixing ratio changes of ~0.001 μmol mol−1 (~10 ppbv) can be detected across the relatively long optical paths used here. We focus analysis on five key compounds whose production is preferential during the pyrolysis (CH2O), flaming (CO2) and smoldering (CO, CH4, NH3) fire phases. We demonstrate that well constrained emissions ratios for these gases to both CO2 and CO can be derived for the backfire, headfire and residual smouldering combustion stages of these savannah fires, from which stage-specific emission factors can then be calculated. Headfires and backfires in general show similar emission ratios and emission factors, but those of the residual smouldering combustion stage can differ substantially (e.g., ERCH4/CO2 up to ~7 times higher than for the flaming stages). The timing of each fire stage was identified via airborne optical and thermal IR imagery and ground-observer reports, with the airborne IR imagery also used to derive estimates of fire radiative energy, thus allowing the relative amount of fuel burned in each stage to be calculated and the "fire averaged" emission ratios and emission factors to be determined. The derived "fire averaged" emission ratios are dominated by the headfire contribution, since the vast majority of the fuel is burned in this stage. Our fire averaged emission ratios and factors for CO2 and CH4 agree with those from published studies conducted in the same area using airborne plume sampling, and we concur with past suggestions that emission factors for formaldehyde in this environment appear substantially underestimated in widely used databases. We also find the emission ratios and factors for CO and NH3 to be somewhat higher than most other estimates, however, we see no evidence to support suggestions of a major overestimation in the emission factor of ammonia. Our data also suggest that the contribution of burning animal (elephant) dung can be a significant factor in the emissions characteristics of certain KNP fires, and indicate some similarities between the time series of fire brightness temperature and modified combustion efficiency (MCE) that supports suggestions that EO-derived fire temperature estimates maybe useful when attempting to remotely classify fire activity into its different phases. We conclude that ground-based, extended open path FTIR spectroscopy is a practical and very effective means for determining emission ratios, emission factors and modified combustion efficiencies at open vegetation fire plumes, allowing these to be probed at temporal and spatial scales difficult to explore using other ground-based approaches. Though we limited our study to five key emissions products, open path FTIR spectroscopy can detect dozens of other species, as has been demonstrated during previous closed-path FTIR airborne deployments in the same study area.
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RENZULLI, A., F. ANTONELLI, P. SANTI, P. BUSDRAGHI, and M. LUNI. "PROVENANCE DETERMINATION OF LAVA FLAGSTONES FROM THE ROMAN ?VIA CONSOLARE FLAMINIA?PAVEMENT (CENTRAL ITALY) USING PETROLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS." Archaeometry 41, no. 2 (August 1999): 209–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4754.1999.tb00978.x.
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Chen, Sin-Nan, Pei-Kai Li, Tar-Hwa Hsieh, Ko-Shan Ho, and Yu-Meng Hong. "Enhancements on Flame Resistance by Inorganic Silicate-Based Intumescent Coating Materials." Materials 14, no. 21 (November 3, 2021): 6628. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14216628.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Flame-retardant coatings have drawn much attention in recent years. In this study, an inorganic sodium silicate-based intumescent flame-resistance coating with an excellent flameproof properties is developed by mainly utilizing sodium silicate as the ceramizable binder, via hydrolysis and self-condensation reaction. Fly ash, metakaoline, and wollastonite behave as supplement cementing materials. Major formulation encompasses the combination of the ammonium polyphosphate and pentaerythritol as the flame-retardant additives, and aluminum hydroxide or expandable graphite as the intumescence-improving filler agents. Expandable graphite was found to play an important role in the eventual performance of flame-resistance testing. The results showed that solid interaction forces can be formed between metakaoline and sodium silicate, resulting in a similar material to geopolymer with excellent physical properties. After high-temperature flame testing, a densely complex protective layer of carbon-char created on top of the robust silicon dioxide networks offers notable flame resistance. An optimal ratio in this inorganic intumescent coating contains sodium silicate—metakaoline (weight ratio = 9:1)—ammonium polyphosphate and pentaerythritol, aluminum hydroxide (3, 3, 10 wt.%)—expandable graphite (1 wt.%), which can create 4.7 times higher expansion ratio compared with neat sodium silicate matrix. The results of flame testing demonstrate only 387.1 °C and 506.3 °C on the back surface of steel substrate after one and three hours flaming (>1000 °C) on the other surface, respectively, which could meet the requirements according to the level of fire rating.
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Greene, David F., S. Ellen Macdonald, Steve Cumming, and Lynn Swift. "Seedbed variation from the interior through the edge of a large wildfire in Alberta." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 35, no. 7 (July 1, 2005): 1640–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x05-080.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Despite the importance of seedbeds in the life histories of many plant species, there has been little study of the seedbeds created by wildfire in fire-prone vegetation types such as the boreal forest. Both within the interior and at the edge of a very large (>100 000 ha) 2001 wildfire in the mixedwood boreal region of Alberta, we examined the postfire duff depth and the percent coverage of seedbed types. Minimizing the effect of site and forest composition, we looked only at Picea glauca (Moench) Voss Populus tremuloides Michx. sites burned during a single day of high fire intensity. Good seedbeds (thin humus and exposed mineral soil, with or without ash) averaged 35% coverage within the interior of the fire but varied enormously among stands. There was a weak but significant positive correlation between prefire percent white spruce basal area and percent mineral soil exposure; that is, there is some tendency for conifer stands to create the seedbeds best suited for their own germinants. Fire severity played a clear role in mineral soil exposure, which was greatest in areas with 100% canopy mortality. Mineral soil exposure was far less at the edges of the fire, averaging only 5% even in areas where all trees had been killed; the burn edge was characterized by superficial flaming combustion with no evidence of substantial duff removal via smoldering combustion. In short, the areas where white spruce seed will be most common after the fire, the edges, are where the worst seedbeds in the burn will be found. Regeneration microsites at fire edges appear to be better suited to regeneration of broadleaf species, via suckering; the persistence of white spruce in fire-prone landscapes continues to be difficult to explain.
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Monteiro Rabelo, Carlos Afonso. "A dramaturgia da commedia dell’arte na busca de um teatro contemporâneo." Arte da Cena (Art on Stage) 2, no. 3 (December 29, 2016): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.5216/ac.v2i3.43427.
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Resumo: Este artigo apresenta uma proposta de criação em teatro contemporâneo, tendo por base a dramaturgia da commedia dell'arte, representados por dois autores italianos, Flaminio Scala, Carlo Goldoni e um brasileiro, Ariano Suassuna, que empregaram alguns procedimentos criativos que aqui serão discutidos, tendo por foco, respectivamente, as peças Il finto marito (O marido fingido) de 1619, O servidor de dois patrões de 1746, e O casamento suspeitoso de 1961. Ao basear suas peças na cultura popular, e no fruto do trabalho da improvisação teatral realizada por grupos de atores, esses dramaturgos indicam caminhos para a criação de nova dramaturgia, que não se limitam apenas à gênese de texto via texto, incluindo também o trânsito entre cena e novo texto. Palavras-chave: commedia dell'arte; dramaturgia; improvisação.
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Tucci, P. L. "The marble plan of the Via Anicia and the Temple of Castor and Pollux in Circo Flaminio: the state of the question." Papers of the British School at Rome 81 (September 26, 2013): 91–127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068246213000068.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Much has been written in the past three decades about the marble plan found in the Via Anicia, which depicts the late Republican Temple of Castor and Pollux in Circo Flaminio, and its importance for the study of temple architecture and ancient cartography. Far less attention has been paid to the identification of the temple in the topography of the southern Campus Martius. In 1996 an excavation carried out in Piazza delle Cinque Scole brought to light the remains of a ‘monumental building’ that has been identified resolutely by the excavators as the Temple of Castor and Pollux. In this article, after a survey of what is known from the marble plan and previous excavations, I explain why my alternative location of the temple better fits the evidence from the Via Anicia plan and the 1996 excavation. I also shed new light on the area of the circus from the late Republican period to late antiquity and on transverse cella temples.
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Wade, Janet. "Macquarie Gale Rome Scholarship: Walking the Via Flaminia: following in the footsteps of Thomas Ashby and his companions." Papers of the British School at Rome 86 (October 2018): 349–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068246218000259.
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Matsubara, D., S. y. Horiuchi, K. Shimono, T. Usui, and T. Uemura. "The seven-pass transmembrane cadherin Flamingo controls dendritic self-avoidance via its binding to a LIM domain protein, Espinas, in Drosophila sensory neurons." Genes & Development 25, no. 18 (September 15, 2011): 1982–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gad.16531611.
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Riyanti, Erni Dewi, Galih Cipto Raharjo, and Fadhillah Zahra Widafina. "CYBERBULLYING’S FORMS AND IMPLICATIONS AMONG STUDENTS WITH PESANTREN BACKGROUND AND ACTIVE SOCIAL MEDIA USERS." Wahana Akademika: Jurnal Studi Islam dan Sosial 9, no. 1 (April 30, 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/wa.v9i1.11012.
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As internet users in Indonesia increased by 11% from the previous year, Indonesians are getting more immersive with digital environment. In addition, the pandemic may be one of the drivers of the increase. The trend of using social media has a significant impact on people's social life, including the occurrence of bullying through online media, known as cyberbullying. The study aims to identify forms and impacts of cyberbullying among students of Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universitas Islam Indonesia with pesantren background and active social media users. With the descriptive qualitative method, the researchers applied purposive sampling in determining the respondents. The results of this study indicate that 84.6% of respondents know the definition of cyberbullying. 61.5% of respondents stated that they experienced at least 2 of 7 types of cyberbullying. The interview shows 3 forms of cyberbullying, such as, online harassments, flaming, and exclusion. The informants' reactions to cyberbullying are feeling annoyed, angry, hurt, disappointed, afraid, shock, overthinking, insecure, anxious, embarrassed, sad, concerned, retaliation to the perpetrators, and suicidal attempt. The informants' coping mechanisms are meeting a professional, remaining silent, suppressing their feelings, holding back their anger, blocking any communication access to the bully, and conducting activities to distract them from the occurred cyberbullying (e.g., playing games, journaling, relaxing, and sleeping). The interview also indicates negative and positive consequences of cyberbullying. Finally, the informants believes that social media ethics promoted via digital literacy campaign to young adults will be a solution which will significantly contribute to preventing cyberbullying.
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Abou Chehade, Antichi, Martelloni, Frasconi, Sbrana, Mazzoncini, and Peruzzi. "Evaluation of the Agronomic Performance of Organic Processing Tomato as Affected by Different Cover Crop Residues Management." Agronomy 9, no. 9 (September 1, 2019): 504. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9090504.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
No-till practices reduce soil erosion, conserve soil organic carbon, and enhance soil fertility. Yet, many factors could limit their adoption in organic farming. The present study investigated the effects of tillage and cover cropping on weed biomass, plant growth, yield, and fruit quality of an organic processing tomato (Solanum lycopersicon L. var. Elba F1) over two seasons (2015–2017). We compared systems where processing tomato was transplanted on i) tilled soil following or not a winter cover crop (Trifolium squarrosum L.) and with/without a biodegradable plastic mulch; and ii) no-till where clover was used, after rolling and flaming, as dead mulch. Tomato in no-till suffered from high weed competition and low soil nitrogen availability leading to lower plant growth, N uptake, and yield components with respect to tilled systems. The total yield in no-till declined to 6.8 and 18.3 t ha−1 in 2016 and 2017, respectively, with at least a 65% decrease compared to tilled clover-based systems. No evidence of growth-limiting soil compaction was noticed but a slightly higher soil resistance was in the no-till topsoil. Tillage and cover crop residues did not significantly change tomato quality (pH, total soluble solids, firmness). The incorporation of clover as green manure was generally more advantageous over no-till. This was partly due to the low performance of the cover crop where improvement may limit the obstacles (i.e., N supply and weed infestation) and enable the implementation of no-till in organic vegetable systems.
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Clements, David R., Kathleen R. Feenstra, Karen Jones, and Richard Staniforth. "The biology of invasive alien plants in Canada. 9. Impatiens glandulifera Royle." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 88, no. 2 (April 1, 2008): 403–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps06040.
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Impatiens glandulifera Royle (Himalayan balsam) is an invasive alien annual up to 3 m in height with showy flowers that are generally pink or purplish. Native to the Himalayan region, I. glandulifera was first recorded in Canada in 1901 in Ottawa, and is now found in eight Canadian provinces: British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland. Impatiens glandulifera is typically found in riparian habitats and may spread rapidly because its seeds are readily transported via waterways. Up to 2500 seeds are produced per plant and dispersed explosively up to 5 m from the parent plant. This can result in dense monotypic stands which prevent establishment of native plants and make stream banks vulnerable to erosion when the shallow-rooted plants die back. Impatiens glandulifera is susceptible to glyphosate but because herbicide use in riparian areas is not advised, other control methods such as hand weeding, mowing or flaming have been used. Methods for eradication are most successful when upstream populations are controlled first, as the plants spread downstream. Removal of I. glandulifera should be managed synchronously with non-native control measures and ideally be accompanied by planting native species to ensure the restoration of native species composition. The prognosis for curbing its spread in Canada seems poor as it has quite rapidly become established along waterways in many regions, following a pattern seen over the past two centuries in Europe. Key words: Impatiens glandulifera, Impatiens roylei, Himalayan balsam, impatiente glanduleuse, policeman's helmet riparian, invasive plant, weed biology
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Mei, Oscar, Lorenzo Cariddi, and Massimo Gasparini. "L'area forense di Forum Sempronii: nuovi dati architettonici e urbanistici alla luce degli scavi 2013-2017." REUDAR. European Journal of Roman Architecture 1 (December 1, 2017): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21071/reudar.v1i0.10164.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Il presente contributo fornisce una preliminare analisi urbanistica e architettonica dell'area forense e delle relative strutture portate alla luce durante le campagne di scavo 2013-2017, presso il municipium di Forum Sempronii. Allo stato attuale sono stati identi cati, a livello di fondazione, la piazza del foro e i portici che la delimitavano; sul lato Nord dello spazio forense sono stati identi cati tre templi, dei quali il Tempio A interamente scavato. Al di fuori del limite orientale del forum e in posizione prospiciente alla via Flaminia, è stato rinvenuto, in buono stato di conservazione, una terza struttura con probabile funzione cultuale e amministrativa e identi cata come l'Augusteum di Forum Sempronii. Dai dati nora emersi, sembrerebbe possibile ipotizzare la pertinenza di tutte le strutture a una imponente riforma urbanistica e architettonica del municipium avvenuta in epoca augustea.
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Ji, Dongcan, Yingli Shi, Jiayun Chen, Zhao Zhao, and Guozhong Zhao. "Mathematical Model for Skin Pain Sensation under Local Distributed Mechanical Compression for Electronic Skin Applications." Micromachines 13, no. 9 (August 26, 2022): 1402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13091402.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Skin pain resulting from mechanical compression is one of the most common pains in daily life and the indispensable information for electronic skin to perceive external signals. The external mechanical stimuli are transduced into impulses and transmitted via nerve fiber, and finally, the sensation is perceived via the procession of the nerve system. However, the mathematical mechanism for pain sensation due to mechanical stimuli remains unclear. In this paper, a mathematical model for skin pain sensation under compression is established, in which the Flament solution, the revised Hodgkin–Huxley model, and the mathematical model gate control theory are considered simultaneously. The proposed model includes three parts: a mechanical model of skin compression, a model of transduction, and a model of modulation and perception. It is demonstrated that the pain sensation degree increases with the compression amplitude and decreases with deeper nociceptor location in the skin. With the help of the proposed model, the quantitative relationship between compression pain sensation and external mechanical stimuli is revealed, which has a significant benefit in promoting the design and mechanism research of electronic skin with pain perception function.
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An, Jaeseong, and Taehoon Kim. "Analysis of Air Flow inside the Compartment under Backdraft Conditions using Solid Combustibles." International Journal of Fire Science and Engineering 36, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 13–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.7731/kifse.f99ef7c4.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Backdraft is a phenomenon of explosive combustion that occurs when fire in a state of smoldering due to the lack of oxygen grows as the air is admitted after opening the entrance door or window. In this study, a reduced compartment was produced to simulate a backdraft. In an actual site, the fire was generated by solid combustibles, and hence, wood pieces were used to generate the backdraft in this study. Twenty-seven thermocouples were installed inside the compartment. One side of a wall consists of polycarbonate and the interior of the compartment was monitored using a camera. An additional fire simulation was performed using a fire dynamics simulator for in-depth analysis of the phenomena inside the compartment. In the experiment, the air flown into the compartment through the vent opening turned the smoldering fire of solid combustibles into the flaming fire, which led to the ignition of flammable gas inside the compartment. Next, the propagation of the flame was first directed upwards to the combustibles, then towards the center, and ultimately to the exterior. This phenomenon was observed in the analysis of the compartment holding a homogeneous flammable mixture. The results of the analysis showed that the flammable mixture on the interior was released to the exterior because of the rise in the internal pressure caused by flame propagation. Consequently, as the internal flame was propagated to the exterior, the mixture was ignited. Thus, the phenomenon of backdraft in the case of compartment fire was shown to occur as follows. First, the air flown in via the vent opening was elevated to the upper part of the compartment by the smoldering heat on the interior. Next, the flame led to the ignition of the flammable mixture formed on the upper part.
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Li, Hong-bin, Zhen-dong Yue, Hong-wei Zhao, Lei Wang, Zhen-hua Fan, Fu-liang He, Xiao-qun Dong, and Fu-quan Liu. "Pathological Features of Mitochondrial Ultrastructure Predict Susceptibility to Post-TIPS Hepatic Encephalopathy." Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2018 (July 16, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4671590.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background. Post-TIPS hepatic encephalopathy (PSE) is a complex process involving numerous risk factors; the root cause is unclear, but an elevation of blood ammonia due to portosystemic shunt and metabolic disorders in hepatocytes has been proposed as an important risk factor.Aims.The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of pathological features of mitochondrial ultrastructure on PSE via transjugular liver biopsy at TIPS implantation.Methods. We evaluated the pathological damage of mitochondrial ultrastructure on recruited patients by the Flameng classification system. A score ≤2 (no or low damage) was defined as group A, and a score >2 (high damage level) was defined as group B; routine follow-up was required at 1 and 2 years; the incidence of PSE and multiple clinical data were recorded.Results.A total of 78 cases in group A and 42 in group B completed the study. The incidence of PSE after 1 and 2 years in group B (35.7% and 45.2%, respectively) was significantly higher than that in group A (16.7% and 24.4%, respectively); the 1- and 2-year OR (95% CI) were 2.778 (1.166-6.615) and 2.565 (1.155-5.696), respectively, for groups A and B. Importantly, group B had worse incidence of PSE than group A [P=0.014, hazard ratio (95%CI): 2.172 (1.190-4.678)].Conclusion. Aggressive damage to mitochondrial ultrastructure in liver shunt predicts susceptibility to PSE. The registration number isNCT02540382.
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Molina Vidal, Jaime, and María Juana López Medina. "La villa de Rufio (Giano dell’Umbria, PG-Italia): fases constructivas y desarrollo de un modelo productivo esclavista." Archivo Español de Arqueología 94 (June 2, 2021): e08. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/aespa.094.021.08.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Se presenta la villa romana de Gaius Iulius Rufio, situada en la via Flaminia (Regio VI, Italia) y su evolución cronológica. El análisis de las fases del conjunto arquitectónico se basa en el estudio de los mosaicos y las curvas cronológicas realizadas a partir de la cuantificación cerámica. La villa fue construida en el último cuarto del siglo I a. C. como villa esclavista, presentando un ergastulum en la pars rustica (Fase 1). En la segunda mitad del siglo I d. C. se observa una fuerte remodelación del conjunto (Fase 2) con la amortización del ergastulum y la extensión de estructuras productivas en la pars urbana. Esta fase marcaría un límite máximo de extensión de los sistemas esclavistas en esta región que podría servir de referencia para el conjunto villas esclavistas romanas en Italia. A finales del siglo I d. C. o principios del siglo II d. C. el conjunto presenta potentes fases de destrucción y abandono.
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Molina Vidal, J., I. Grau Mira, F. Llidó López, and J. F. Álvarez Tortosa. "Housing slaves on estates: a proposed ergastulum at the Villa of Rufio (Giano dell'Umbria)." Journal of Roman Archaeology 30 (2017): 387–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047759400074171.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the framework of archaeological surveys conducted in 2002-3 for the Soprintendenza per i Beni Archeologici dell'Umbria around the Via Flaminia, the Società Cooperativa Kronos discovered the site known as the “Villa of Rufio” (the name comes from an inscription dedicated to Caius Iulius Rufio). After 4 excavation campaigns (2003-6) the monumental character of a large villa was established, and in 2007 a team from the University of Alicante led by the first-named author began fieldwork, focusing on the analysis of agricultural and commercial production patterns through an examination of the type of manpower in use during the Augustan era. The site lies in the village of Giano dell'Umbria (Perugia), in the foothills of Gualdo Cataneo-Montefalco of southern Umbria (fig. 1). To the north is the Roman town of Mevania (Bevagna), to the south the Martani mountains, at the foot of which lies Mansio Ad Martis (Massa Martana).
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Pace, Claire. "‘Un monument si beau et si rare’: drawings of the tomb of the Nasonii formerly in the collection of Colbert." Papers of the British School at Rome 67 (November 1999): 323–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068246200004608.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
‘UN MONUMENT SI BEAU ET SI RARE’: I DISEGNI DELLA TOMBA DEI NASONII, GIÀ PRESENTI NELLA COLLEZIONE COLBERTQuesto articolo descrive un album contenente 38 disegni a penna e ad acquerello di un disegnatore del diciassettesimo secolo (probabilmente francese), copia degli antichi dipinti della tomba dei Nasonii, scavati in Via Flaminia nel 1674. L'album sembra provenire dalla famosa biblioteca di Jean Baptiste Colbert, il potente ministro di Luigi XIV (la legatura porta il suo stemma araldico). Un catalogo dei disegni viene presentato, e questi sono confrontati con simili disegni presenti a Windsor di Pietro Santi Bartoli, con quelli del disegnatore della collezione di Cassiano dal Pozzo e con i disegni di Bartoli altamente rifiniti che possono essere osservati nell'album dei Massimi, attualmente a Glasgow. I disegni vengono anche valutati alla luce di un confronto con le incisioni di Bartoli pubblicate nel 1680. Scopo dell'introduzione al catalogo è quello di analizzare i disegni nel contesto dell'interesse (specialmente francese) nelle antichità tipico del diciassettesimo secolo.
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Clini, P., R. Nespeca, and A. Bernetti. "ALL-IN-ONE LASER SCANNING METHODS FOR SURVEYING, REPRESENTING AND SHARING INFORMATION ON ARCHAEOLOGY. VIA FLAMINIA AND THE FURLO TUNNEL COMPLEX." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-5/W2 (July 19, 2013): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-w2-201-2013.
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Vanneschi, Camillo, Aiello, Bonciani, and Salvini. "SfM-MVS Photogrammetry for Rockfall Analysis and Hazard Assessment Along the Ancient Roman Via Flaminia Road at the Furlo Gorge (Italy)." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 8, no. 8 (July 25, 2019): 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8080325.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Rockfall events represent significant hazards for areas characterized by high and steep slopes and therefore effective mitigation controls are essential to control their effect. There are a lot of examples all over the world of anthropic areas at risk because of their proximity to a rock slope. A rockfall runout analysis is a typical 3D problem, but for many years, because of the lack of specific software, powerful computers, and economic reasons, a 2D approach was normally adopted. However, in recent years the use of 3D software has become quite widespread and different runout working approaches have been developed. The contribution and potential use of photogrammetry in this context is undoubtedly great. This paper describes the application of a 3D hybrid working approach, which considers the integrated use of traditional geological methods, Terrestrial Laser Scanning, and drone based Digital Photogrammetry. Such approach was undertaken in order to perform the study of rockfall runout and geological hazard in a natural slope in Italy in correspondence of an archaeological area. Results show the rockfall hazard in the study area and highlights the importance of using photogrammetry for the correct and complete geometrical reconstruction of slope, joints, and block geometries, which is essential for the analysis and design of proper remediation measures.
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Xu, Nian Chun, Wen Jing Xia, and Tong Qing Wu. "The Effect of Friction at the Strip Footings’ Underside on the Expansion of Plastic Zones in Subgrade." Advanced Materials Research 1008-1009 (August 2014): 1227–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1008-1009.1227.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
There exists horizontal friction besides vertically pressure at the foundations' underside. Considering the effect of friction on the expansion of plastic zones in subgrade is needed to accurately evaluate subgrade’s safety. A strip footing is chose as the research object. Assuming the distribution of friction at the strip footing’s underside is two symmetrical triangles. With the help of Flamant formula and via definite integration, the formulas of stress in subgrade induced by the friction are got. Setting the Coulomb-Mohr strength theory as the yielding criterion for the subgrade soil, through the comparison among the different friction angles in expansion characteristics of plastic zones, the research object is achieved. Two major conclusions as following: (1) the friction makes the plastic zones appear in advance, the initial critical load get smaller with the friction get bigger; (2) the plastic zones get broader in horizontal direction under the action of the friction, this makes the plastic zones in two sides beneath the footing run-through later and so enhances the subgrade’s ultimate bearing capacity.
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Riyazuddin, Samrin Bano, Fohad Mabood Husain, Jamal Akhter Siddique, Khadijah H. Alharbi, Rais Ahmad Khan, and Ali Alsalme. "Role of Copper Oxide on Epoxy Coatings with New Intumescent Polymer-Based Fire Retardant." Molecules 25, no. 24 (December 17, 2020): 5978. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25245978.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Epoxy resins (EP) have been used as a thermos-setting material in the field of coating, casting, bonding agent, and laminating. However, a major drawback associated with its use is the lack of good flaming properties, and it is responsible for heavy smoke along with hazardous gases considerably limiting its uses in various fields. In this study, N-ethanolamine triazine-piperizine, a melamine polymer (ETPMP), was established as a new charring-foaming agent and was successfully synthesized with ethanolamine, piperizine, cyanuric chloride, and melamine as precursor molecules via the nucleophilic substitution reaction method. Elemental analysis and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis were applied to approve the synthesis of ETPMP and confirmation of its structure and characterization. The epoxy coating of intumescent flame retardant (IFR) was equipped by introducing ETPMP, ammonium polyphosphate (APP), and copper oxide (CuO) in multiple composition ratios. CuO was loaded at various amounts into the IFR-coating system as a synergistic agent. The synergistic action of CuO on IFR coatings was scientifically examined by using different analytical tests such as vertical burning test (UL-94V), limited oxygen index (LOI), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), cone calorimeter, and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that small changes in the amount of CuO expressively amplified the LOI results and enhanced the V-0 ratings in the UL-94V test. The TGA data clearly demonstrate that the inclusion of CuO can transform the thermal deprivation behavior of coatings with a growing char slag proportion with elevated temperatures. Information from cone calorimeter data affirmed that CuO can decrease the burning factors by total heat release (THR) together with peak heat release rate (PHRR). The SEM images indicated that CuO can enrich the power and compression of the intumescent char that restricts the movement of heat and oxygen. Our results demonstrate a positive influence of CuO on the epoxy-headed intumescent flame retardant coatings.
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Akagi, S. K., I. R. Burling, A. Mendoza, T. J. Johnson, M. Cameron, D. W. T. Griffith, C. Paton-Walsh, D. R. Weise, J. Reardon, and R. J. Yokelson. "Field measurements of trace gases emitted by prescribed fires in southeastern US pine forests using an open-path FTIR system." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 14, no. 1 (January 8, 2014): 199–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-199-2014.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. We report trace-gas emission factors from three pine-understory prescribed fires in South Carolina, US measured during the fall of 2011. The fires were more intense than many prescribed burns because the fuels included mature pine stands not subjected to prescribed fire in decades that were lit following an extended drought. Emission factors were measured with a fixed open-path Fourier transform infrared (OP-FTIR) system that was deployed on the fire control lines. We compare these emission factors to those measured with a roving, point sampling, land-based FTIR and an airborne FTIR deployed on the same fires. We also compare to emission factors measured by a similar OP-FTIR system deployed on savanna fires in Africa. The data suggest that the method used to sample smoke can strongly influence the relative abundance of the emissions that are observed. The majority of fire emissions were lofted in the convection column and were sampled by the airborne FTIR. The roving, ground-based, point sampling FTIR measured the contribution of individual residual smoldering combustion fuel elements scattered throughout the burn site. The OP-FTIR provided a ~ 30 m path-integrated sample of emissions transported to the fixed path via complex ground-level circulation. The OP-FTIR typically probed two distinct combustion regimes, "flaming-like" (immediately after adjacent ignition and before the adjacent plume achieved significant vertical development) and "smoldering-like." These two regimes are denoted "early" and "late", respectively. The path-integrated sample of the ground-level smoke layer adjacent to the fire from the OP-FTIR provided our best estimate of fire-line exposure to smoke for wildland fire personnel. We provide a table of estimated fire-line exposures for numerous known air toxics based on synthesizing results from several studies. Our data suggest that peak exposures are more likely to challenge permissible exposure limits for wildland fire personnel than shift-average (8 h) exposures.