Дисертації з теми "Volatile component"
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Tomi, Kenichi. "Relationships between aroma component composition of herbs and its aromachology effects." Kyoto University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/215986.
Повний текст джерела0048
新制・論文博士
博士(農学)
乙第13034号
論農博第2835号
新制||農||1044(附属図書館)
学位論文||H28||N5007(農学部図書室)
32992
京都大学大学院農学研究科農学専攻
(主査)教授 坪山 直生, 教授 黒木 裕士, 教授 妻木 範行
学位規則第4条第2項該当
Barnard, Carla. "Investigating the effect of various film-forming polymers on the evaporation rate of a volatile component in a cosmetic formulation." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1498.
Повний текст джерелаNahan, Keaton. "Principal Component Analysis Approach for Determination of Stroke Protein Biomarkers and Modified Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization Source Development for Volatile Analyses." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1491817651627161.
Повний текст джерелаBrito, Givanilton. "Tipificação de méis do estado de Sergipe através do perfil químico dos compostos voláteis obtidos por headspace dinâmico seguido por cromatografia em fase gasosa acoplada a espectrometria de massas (CG/EM)." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2012. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/6037.
Повний текст джерелаAmong the products of the hive, honey is considered the principal, standing out as natural food and for having multiple pharmacological applications. Honey can be produced by honey bees (Apis mellifera, L.) from the nectar, fruit, plant secretions and excretions of aphids or other sweetened solutions.Their nutritive power, pharmacologic and commercial value depends on its botanical origin, which can be obtained through classical methods as sensory evaluation, physicochemical analyses or melissopalynology. Although, these methods require much experience of the analyst and are costly.In view of the current difficulties in conducting these analyses, methods based on the study of volatile constituents have emerged as an alternative in the search for the source of compound markers of floral honeys. For the identification of these compounds, techniques such as solid in solid phase (SPME) and dynamic headspace (HSD) followed by analysis on gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometer (GC-MS) are suggested. In this work, different honeyproducing regions in the State of Sergipe were studied, as well as samples of honey originated from other states of Brazil, purchased in local supermarkets. Analyses of volatile components were obtained by dynamic headspace using Porapak Q® and Peat in natura as adsorbent materials. For both, parameters such as amount of sample, salt addition, time and temperature of extractionhave been optimized. Optimization, made possible the identification of 112 different compounds belonging to classes of aliphatic alcohols, aliphatic aldehydes, benzene derivatives, monoterpene hydrocarbons, oxygenated hydrocarbons, norisoprenoids, sesquiterpenes, oxygenated sesquiterpenes, carboxylic acids and others. Among these, a group of senior compounds were studied by principal components analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis. With these analyses was likely to identify the components with biggest weights in the samples and cluster them into five groups with a similarity of 48% based on Euclidean distance. Among the weighty compounds are furfuraldehyde, benzaldehyde, cis-linalool oxide (furanoid), trans-linalool oxide (furanoid), linalool, hotrienol, 4-ketoisoforone, aldehyde lilac (isomer I), cis-linalool oxide (pyranoid) and -terpineol.
Dentre os produtos apícolas o mel é considerado o principal por se destacar como alimento natural e ter várias aplicações farmacológicas, podendo ser produzido por abelhas Apis mellifera a partir do néctar, secreções das plantas e frutos, excreções de afídeos e outras soluções adocicadas. Seu poder nutritivo, farmacológico e valor comercial dependem de sua origem botânica, a qual pode ser obtida através de métodos clássicos como a avaliação sensorial, a melissopalinologia ou análises físico-químicas, porém estes métodos exigem muita experiência do analista e são dispendiosas. Em virtude das dificuldades atuais em realizar essas análises os métodos baseados no estudo dos constituintes voláteis têm surgido como uma alternativa na procura de compostos marcadores da origem floral de méis. Para a identificação destes compostos, técnicas como a microextração em fase sólida (SPME) e headspace dinâmico (HSD) seguido de análise em cromatógrafo em fase gasosa/espectrômetro de massas (CG/EM) são sugeridas. Neste trabalho foram estudados méis de diferentes regiões produtoras do estado de Sergipe, bem como amostras de méis adquiridos em supermercado de Aracaju oriundas de outros estados do Brasil através da análise dos componentes voláteis obtidos por headspace dinâmico utilizando Porapak Q® e Turfa in natura como materiais adsorventes. Para tanto foram otimizados parâmetros como quantidade de amostra, adição de sal, tempo e temperatura de extração. Nas condições otimizadas foi possível identificar 112 diferentes compostos pertencentes às classes dos álcoois alifáticos, benzenóides, aldeídos alifáticos, hidrocarbonetos lineares, monoterpenos, monoterpenos oxigenados, sesquiterpenos, sesquiterpenos oxigenados, norisoprenóides, ácidos carboxílicos e outros. Dentre estes, um grupo de compostos majoritários foram estudados por análise de componentes principais e análise de agrupamento hierárquico. Com estas análises foi possível identificar os componentes de maiores pesos das amostras e agrupá-las em cinco grupos com uma similaridade de 48%, tendo como base a distância Euclidiana. Dentre os compostos de maiores pesos estão o furfural, benzaldeído, cis-óxido de linalol (furanóide), trans-óxido de linalol (furanóide), linalol, hotrienol, 4-ceto-isoforona, lilac aldeído (isômero I), cis-óxido de linalol (piranóide) e o -terpineol.
Jalal, Ahmed Hasnain. "Multivariate Analysis for the Quantification of Transdermal Volatile Organic Compounds in Humans by Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell System." FIU Digital Commons, 2018. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3886.
Повний текст джерелаHu, Lin Feng. "Chemical analysis studies on the volatile components of Herba Pogostemonis." Thesis, University of Macau, 2005. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1445816.
Повний текст джерелаGonzález, Martínez María. "Woody and agricultural biomass torrefaction : experimental study and modelling of solid conversion and volatile species release based on biomass extracted macromolecular components." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2018. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/24326/1/gonzalez_martinez.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаTronson, Deidre A., of Western Sydney Hawkesbury University, of Science Technology and Environment College, and of Science Food and Horticulture School. "Volatile compounds in some eastern Australian Banksia flowers." THESIS_CSTE_SFH_Tronson_D.xml, 2001. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/140.
Повний текст джерелаDoctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Munch, Ryan Nicholas. "Deodorization of Garlic Breath Volatiles by Food and Food Components." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1383566379.
Повний текст джерелаGuardiano, Carmelo. "Livelli di pascolo, componenti volatili, antiossidanti e qualità del latte." Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/1018.
Повний текст джерелаLepore, Marco. "Analisi dei componenti volatili nelle varietà di pesche antiche autoctone del territorio Emiliano-Romagnolo." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022.
Знайти повний текст джерелаCarvalho, Cláudia Yong Dias. "Texturizado de manga. Impacto do processamento na componente do aroma." Master's thesis, ISA, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/6793.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this study was the analysis of volatile compounds responsible for the flavour of a texturized mango product, namely terpenes, lactones, aldehydes and alcohols, evaluating the impact of the processing applied: thermal treatment to inactivate enzymes, texturization with gellan gum, application of an edible coating and two conservation processes. The analytical method used was gas chromatography combined with the technique of solid phase microextraction. The product under development consists in a bar of mango puree texturized using the hydrocolloid gellan gum, matching 1% of the weight of the mango puree. This percentage is composed by gellan low and high acyl, with the ratio 25/75, respectively. The product also has an edible coating, comprised by 1% of gellan gum which is formed with a 90/10 low acyl/high acyl ratio. The thermal treatment to inactivate enzymes of mango puree caused a decrease of most volatile compounds. The texturized mango puree has exhibited an ability to release the volatiles, similar to mango puree. The edible coating applied to the surface of the texturized product showed retention capacity for a small number of volatiles. The applied conservation processes, high hydrostatic pressures and thermal treatments, showed similar effects and didn’t change the volatile profile of the bar significantly. Microbiologically the product proved to be stable and both conservation treatments applied were effective in microbiological control.
Menifuet, Gankam Adeline. "Estrazione della componente volatile di pesche e nettarine a maturazione completa mediante SPME-GC_MS." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.
Знайти повний текст джерелаMirondo, Rita Akinyi. "Contribution of enzymes and other components in food in the formation and destruction of volatile compounds." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1478107372378977.
Повний текст джерелаHudson, Davia Tamar. "Variables Affecting the Collection and Preservation of Human Scent Components through Instrumental and Biological Evaluations." FIU Digital Commons, 2009. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/201.
Повний текст джерелаLéal, Françoise. "Etude de la production et de l'émanation de composés volatils malodorants sur textile à usage sportif." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPL070N/document.
Повний текст джерелаFresh human sweat is odorless. Odoriferous volatile compounds are produced by the metabolism of bacteria living on the skin, generating strong malodor. Sweaty body odors do also appear on clothes during use, and especially on synthetic fabrics. The aim of this document is to improve understanding of odor emission by investigating subject effect, microbiota effect and fabric effect on the emission of odoriferous volatile compounds.Odors of perspiration are hereby globally approached with a wide use of methods and experimental devices, for microbial flora study as well as for odoriferous volatile compounds emission study.First, microflora enumeration has been simultaneously processed on the skin and on the fabric after exercise for 15 subjects. This experiment allowed an evaluation of the average bacterial transfer yield during physical activity and the beginning of the investigation of its effect on odor emission.A molecular biology methodology has then been developed in order to refine these results. Monitoring of qualitative composition of the microbiota has been performed to study the stability of the armpit’s ecosystem on a subject during 3 months. Specific microbial transfer from subject’s skin to clothe has been performed for 4 textile fabrics (including cotton and PET). This leaded to characterize the effect of specific bacterial transfer on odor emission from fabric.The last chapter is dedicated to the study of the emission of odoriferous volatile compounds over time using olfactory measurements and electronic nose for 8 selected fabrics. Principal component analysis targeted 9 chemical compounds that have been selected as malodorous behavior indicators for a given fabric. Those 9 compounds could be used for setting up a fitted physicochemical method of malodor.To conclude, this study helped to understand the effect of 3 factors in odor perception from a fabric after sport : subject, microbial flora and fabric. Perspectives have been charted on contact microbial contamination, but also on odor, and especially on desorption of odoriferous volatile molecules from a textile or knitted matrix. The solutions that could be used to limit malodorous emission from fabrics have also been discussed
Pommer, Linda. "Oxidation of terpenes in indoor environments : A study of influencing factors." Doctoral thesis, Umeå University, Ecology and Environmental Science, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-29.
Повний текст джерелаIn this thesis the oxidation of monoterpenes by O3 and NO2 and factors that influenced the oxidation were studied. In the environment both ozone (O3) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are present as oxidising gases, which causes sampling artefacts when using Tenax TA as an adsorbent to sample organic compounds in the air. A scrubber was developed to remove O3 and NO2 prior to the sampling tube, and artefacts during sampling were minimised when using the scrubber. The main organic compounds sampled in this thesis were two monoterpenes, alfa-pinene and delta-3-carene, due to their presence in both indoor and outdoor air. The recovery of the monoterpenes through the scrubber varied between 75-97% at relative humidities of 15-75%.
The reactions of alfa-pinene and delta-3-carene with O 3, NO2 and nitric oxide (NO) at different relative humidities (RHs) and reaction times were studied in a dark reaction chamber. The experiments were planned and performed according to an experimental design were the factors influencing the reaction (O3, NO2, NO, RH and reaction times) were varied between high and low levels. In the experiments up to 13% of the monoterpenes reacted when O3, NO2, and reaction time were at high levels, and NO, and RH were at low levels. In the evaluation eight and seven factors (including both single and interaction factors) were found to influence the amount of alfa-pinene and delta-3-carene reacted, respectively. The three most influencing factors for both of the monoterpenes were the O 3 level, the reaction time, and the RH. Increased O3 level and reaction time increased the amount of monoterpene reacted, and increased RH decreased the amount reacted.
A theoretical model of the reactions occurring in the reaction chamber was created. The amount of monoterpene reacted at different initial settings of O3, NO2, and NO were calculated, as well as the influence of different reaction pathways, and the concentrations of O3 and NO2, and NO at specific reaction times. The results of the theoretical model were that the reactivity of the gas mixture towards alfa-pinene and delta-3-carene was underestimated. But, the calculated concentrations of O3, NO2, and NO in the theoretical model were found to correspond to a high degree with experimental results performed under similar conditions. The possible associations between organic compounds in indoor air, building variables and the presence of sick building syndrome were studied using principal component analysis. The most complex model was able to separate 71% of the “sick” buildings from the “healthy” buildings. The most important variables that separated the “sick” buildings from the “healthy” buildings were a more frequent occurrence or a higher concentration of compounds with shorter retention times in the “sick” buildings.
The outcome of this thesis could be summarised as follows;
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Grover, Brett D. "Measurement, characterization, and source apportionment of the major chemical components of fine particulate material, including semi-volatile species /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2005. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1174.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаLv, Guang Ping. "Analysis of volatile components in Cinnamomum cassia using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and the effect of sample preparation." Thesis, University of Macau, 2010. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2454987.
Повний текст джерелаMostert, Erna. "The effect of Karoo browse and veldt feeding on long-chain and volatile fatty acid components in lamb." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/73436.
Повний текст джерелаDissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2020.
Animal and Wildlife Sciences
MSc (Agric)
Unrestricted
Grover, Brett D. "Measurement, Characterization, and Source Apportionment of the Major Chemical Components of Fine Particulate Material, Including Semi-Volatile Species." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2006. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/359.
Повний текст джерелаCurran, Allison Marsh. "The analytical determination of the uniqueness and persistence of the volatile components of human scent using optimized collection methods." FIU Digital Commons, 2005. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2697.
Повний текст джерелаBeswick, Gordon. "An investigation into the volatile components present in selected varieties of frozen raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) fruit and juice." Thesis, London South Bank University, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.329395.
Повний текст джерелаFunk, Claudia [Verfasser], Carsten [Akademischer Betreuer] Münker, and Dominik [Akademischer Betreuer] Hezel. "Abundances and distribution of chalcogen volatile elements in chondritic meteorites and their components / Claudia Funk. Gutachter: Carsten Münker ; Dominik Hezel." Köln : Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1071947052/34.
Повний текст джерелаJung, Da-Mi. "Interactions between volatile flavor compounds and food matrix components studied using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic and solid phase microextraction techniques /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2002. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
Повний текст джерелаSostaric, Tomislav. "Development of a solid phase micro-extraction-gas chromatographic method for the analysis of volatile components in vanilla extracts and flavourings." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2001. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1042.
Повний текст джерелаYe, Liyun. "Antioxidant Activity of Ampelopsis Grossedentata Crude Extract and its Major Component Dihydromyricetin." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/76833.
Повний текст джерелаMaster of Science in Life Sciences
Bourchier, Robert S. "Development of traps for adult Glischrochilus quadrisignatus (Say) (Coleoptera:Nitidulidae) and investigation of olfactory responses to volatile components of corn, raspberry and tomato." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66170.
Повний текст джерелаGiglio, Daniele. "Caratterizzazione mediante GC/MS della componente aromatica di alcune cultivar "antiche" di pesche bianche emiliane romagnole." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018.
Знайти повний текст джерелаZhu, Bing. "THE INFLUENCE OF FORMULATION VARIABLES ON PARTICLES GENERATED FROM SOLUTION BASED PRESSURIZED METERED DOSE INHALERS." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9758.
Повний текст джерелаChaves, André Luiz de Oliveira. "Sustentabilidade na arquitetura e o estudo dos compostos orgânicos voláteis emitidos por componentes vinílicos em habitações." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/102/102131/tde-13102016-112832/.
Повний текст джерелаIn recent decades, the polyvinyl chloride has been increasingly used in civil construction, because of its properties that giving them conditions to replace other materials in the works of buildings. In this case, these properties are conferred by the incorporated additives in the formulation of the polymer, which makes it able to be used in different applications, being part of them the vinyl coverings, inside buildings. However, in international research that took place from the 1990s, it was proved that existed chemicals called volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in these coatings. Given these factors, in the present study aimed to identify and quantify these chemicals in vinyl coatings for use on floors and walls, and contact adhesives (glues), by means of analytical techniques: phase micro-extraction and solid gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and thermogravimetry coupled with infrared spectroscopy. In this case, the additives are incorporated into the formulation of this polymer gives it properties which make it able to be used in different applications, as is the case of vinyl floorings and the vinyl wallpapers, which feature flexible and semi-flexible behavior, due to presence of plasticizers (phthalates) in their formulations. The results of the qualitative analysis showed the presence of compounds belonging to the chemical classes of esters, glycol ether, alkanes, alcohols, ketones, antioxidants, acetate esters, terpenes, thiols, chlorinated, hydrocarbon solvents and acid chloride, found mostly in samples of floor lines and vinyl contact adhesive, both sold in Brazil. While samples of vinyl wall coverings do not indicate the presence of VOC. The most significant results was obtained in quantitative analysis with samples of coatings applied with contact adhesive (glue), which indicated concentrations of 216.41 mg / m³ and 403.33 mg / m³ of the 2-ethyl-1-hexanol compound, whose values were above the upper limit of 110 mg / m³ stipulated by international standard MAK. This and other VOCs identified in this study were analyzed about the effects that can cause human health, if they exceed the limits set by international standards, ranging from the acute effects such as skin irritation, mucous membranes of the eyes, nose, throat and respiratory tract, to the chronic effects such as neurological disorders, heart rhythm disorders, nervous system depression, asphyxia and cancer. In addition to it is verified if the identified organic compounds may contribute to the reduction of the indoor air quality of the houses.
CÃndido, Cinthya Soares. "Estudo da atividade in vitro de componentes da dieta e de plantas medicinais do Nordeste Brasileiro sobre Helicobacter Pylori." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2008. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1221.
Повний текст джерелаHelicobacter pylori à uma bactÃria que infecta cerca de 50% da populaÃÃo mundial constituindo um dos principais fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de cÃncer gÃstrico. O aparecimento deste tipo de cÃncer està associado à presenÃa da bactÃria e a uma soma de elementos de risco, tais como os hÃbitos alimentares, a predisposiÃÃo genÃtica e fatores ambientais. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de componentes da dieta nordestina (sal, vinagre, pimenta e sumo de batata), extratos e Ãleos essenciais no crescimento de H. pylori. No estudo foram utilizadas uma cepa padrÃo e uma clÃnica. O mÃtodo escolhido para a realizaÃÃo da triagem foi o teste da zona de inibiÃÃo e para determinaÃÃo da ConcentraÃÃo InibitÃria MÃnima (CIM) foi o de diluiÃÃo em Ãgar descrito pelo CLSI. As cepas foram inoculadas em meio de cultura apropriado contendo diferentes concentraÃÃes das substÃncias testadas. A leitura foi determinada macroscopicamente e o crescimento confirmado atravÃs da realizaÃÃo da microscopia pelo mÃtodo de Gram e provas bioquÃmicas. Foi verificado que o sal nÃo inibiu o crescimento de H. pylori e nem alterou a sua morfologia, contudo, foi capaz de influenciar na aÃÃo de um antimicrobiano, in vitro. O vinagre e a pimenta nÃo apresentaram aÃÃo antimicrobiana. O sumo de batata foi capaz de promover o crescimento bacteriano mesmo que em pequena proporÃÃo. Os extratos etanÃlicos de erva-cidreira (Lippia alba Mill. N.E.B quimiotipos I, II, III) e macela (Egletes viscosa L.) foram ativos contra a bactÃria. Os Ãleos essenciais de alfavaca verde (Ocimum gratissimum L.) e roxa (Ocimum sp), aroeira (Myracrodruom urundeuva All.), erva-cidreira (L. alba Mill. N.E.B quimiotipos I, II, III) e macela (E. viscosa L.) tambÃm foram ativos contra H. pylori. A caracterizaÃÃo quÃmica confirmou os constituintes majoritÃrios das plantas. H. pylori constitui, hoje, uma vasta fonte de pesquisa em diversos campos investigativos. Estudos de transmissÃo, prevalÃncia, resistÃncia a drogas antimicrobianas, novas alternativas terapÃuticas e desenvolvimento de vacinas sÃo necessÃrios e bastantes promissores.
Helicobacter pylori is a bacteria that infects about 50% of the world population constituting one of the principal risk factors for the development of gastric cancer. The emergence of this cancer type is associated to the presence of the bacteria and risk elements, such as the alimentary habits, the genetic predisposition and environmental factors. The present work had as objective evaluates the effect of components of the Northeastern diet (salt, vinegar, pepper and potato juice), extracts and essential oils on H. pylori growth. In the study a reference and a clinic strain were used. The chosen method for the accomplishment of the screening test was the inhibitory-zone testing and for determination of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) it was used the agar dilution method as described by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). The strains were inoculated in appropriate culture medium containing different concentrations of the tested substances. The reading was determined macroscopically and the growth confirmed through the accomplishment of the microscopy by the Gram method and biochemical tests. It was verified that the salt did not inhibit the growth and morphology of H. pylori, however, it was able to influence the antimicrobial effect, in vitro. The vinegar and the pepper did not show antimicrobial activity. The potato juice was shown to promote the bacterial growth. The ethanolic extracts of Lippia alba Mill. N.E.B chemotypes I, II, III) and Egletes viscosa L. were active against the bacteria. The essential oils of Ocimum gratissimum L., Ocimum sp, Myracrodruom urundeuva All., L. alba Mill. N.E.B chemotypes I, II, III and E. viscosa L. were also active against H. pylori. The chemical characterization confirmed the majority constituents of the plants. H. pylori constitute, today, a vast research source in several areas. Related studies the transmission prevalence, resistance antimicrobial, new therapeutic alternatives and development of vaccines they are necessary and plenty promising.
Sousa, Regina Furtado Rodrigues Pereira. "Componentes das aguardentes de cana-de-aÃÃcar de Cabo Verde e do Nordeste Brasileiro: uma anÃlise comparativa." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2011. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=6440.
Повний текст джерелаEste trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver/adaptar e validar metodologias analÃticas para identificaÃÃo e quantificaÃÃo dos congÃneres mais relevantes para a qualidade das aguardentes de cana de aÃÃcar artesanais e industriais produzidas em algumas Ilhas de Cabo Verde (C-V) e no Brasil (BRA), em especial no estado do Cearà visando uma comparaÃÃo desses produtos. ApÃs o estudo das melhores condiÃÃes cromatogrÃficas foi possÃvel uma anÃlise simultÃnea de seis compostos orgÃnicos volÃteis: acetaldeÃdo, acetato de etila, e os Ãlcoois, n-propÃlico, isobutÃlico, n-butÃlico e isoamÃlico. TambÃm foram estudados os compostos inorgÃnicos, cÃtions (Na+, K+, Cu2+, Ca2+, Mg2+,Mn2+,Pb2+, Zn2+,Cd2+, Se2+ e Fe3+) e Ãnions (Cl-, CH3COO-, SO42- , CO3= e HCO3- ). Os Ãnions foram determinados por cromatografia de Ãons (CI) e cÃtions por espectrometria de emissÃo Ãtica com Plasma indutivamente acoplado (ICP- OES). A validaÃÃo dos mÃtodos foi estudada em funÃÃo dos parÃmetros, precisÃo intermediÃria (repetibilidade), recuperaÃÃo, linearidade da curva analÃtica, limite de deteÃÃo e de quantificaÃÃo. A precisÃo e a recuperaÃÃo obtidas para os Ãlcoois, aldeÃdo e Ãster presentes nas aguardentes apresentaram uma variaÃÃo na faixa de 0,2 % - 7,0 %, 0,9% -3,2%, 0,3%-0,7%; e 97,0% -103,0%, 99,3 - 104,0%, 98,2% - 102,7% respectivamente.Os limites de detecÃÃo do equipamento obtidos em mg/100 mL de Ãlcool Anidro (A.A), foram 4,2, para acetaldeÃdo; 2,8 para o acetato de etila; 9,2 para o Ãlcool n-propÃlico ; 7,8 para o Ãlcool isobutÃlico; 3,1 para o Ãlcool n-butÃlico e 44,6 para o Ãlcool isoamÃlico. Os resultados quantitativos dos compostos orgÃnicos mostraram, que de acordo com limites mÃximos permitidos pela legislaÃÃo brasileira, dos compostos volÃteis estudados, apenas cinco das aguardentes de Cabo Verde (quatro artesanais, uma industrial) e trÃs artesanais das aguardentes do Brasil ultrapassaram o limite permitido pela legislaÃÃo em teores de acetaldeÃdo;relativamente a n-butanol, 60% e 50% das aguardentes industrial e artesanal de Cabo-Verde e Brasil respectivamente apresentam teores superiores ao limite mÃximo estipulado (3,0 mg/100 mL A.A). Das dez aguardentes brasileiras, que ultrapassaram o limite, trÃs sÃo industriaise sete artesanais enquanto que das doze aguardentes de Cabo-Verde que ultrapassaram em teores esse limite, seis sÃo artesanais e seis industriais. Dentre Ãlcoois superiores, duas industriais e uma artesanal de Cabo-Verde e duasartesanais do Brasil ultrapassaram o limite mÃximo referido. Os resultados mÃdios, em mg/100 mL A.A, para os compostos orgÃnicos presentes nas aguardentes de Cabo Verde e do Brasil, indicam que oacetaldeÃdo e Ãlcoois superiores se encontram dentro dos padrÃes de qualidade exigidos pela legislaÃÃo brasileira (30 mg/100 mL A.A para aldeÃdos; 360 mg/100 mL A.A para Ãlcoois superiores) e tem a mesma magnitude para as aguardentes de ambos paÃses 17,2 (BRA) -17,6 (CV) mg/100 mL A.A em acetaldeÃdo, e 247,4 (BRA) -240,6 (CV) mg/100 mL A.A em Ãlcoois superiores. Em contraste o acetato de etila se encontra em menor concentraÃÃo nas aguardentes do Brasil estudadas (24,8 mg/100 mL A.A) em relaÃÃo aos aguardentes de Cabo Verde (70,0mg/100 mL A.A). A comparaÃÃo dos resultados obtidos, em mg/100 mL A.A, para os cÃtions e Ãnions estudados mostrou a seguinte relaÃÃo: Ni2+ 0,7(BRA) - 0,6(C-V); Se2+ 1,6(BRA) - 0,62(C-V); Cd2+0,03 (BRA) - 0,04(C-V); Cu2+.5,6(BRA)-9,2(C-V); CH3COO- 055 (BRA) -1,3(C-V); SO42- 0,07(BRA) - 4,9(C-V); HCO3-0,04 (BRA) - 9,2(C-V); e Cl- 0,56 (BRA) - 2,0(CV). Os valores mÃdios das concentraÃÃes dos compostos inorgÃnicos nas aguardentes estudadas do Brasil e de Cabo Verde diferem entre si, mas sÃo concordantes com os dados da literatura exceto para o cobre, que ultrapassa o limite permitido em ambos os paÃses. Na anÃlise para reconhecimento de padrÃes utilizou-se a ferramenta quimiomÃtrica âAnÃlise de Componentes Principaisâ, PCA, que mostrou uma evidente separaÃÃo das amostras das aguardentes artesanais e industriais dos dois paÃses estudadas.
The aim of this work was to develop/adapt and validate analytical methods to both identify and quantify constituents of greater concern regarding the quality of homemade and industrial sugar cane spirits produced in some islands from Cape-Vert (CV) and in some states â especially Cearà and Piauà â from Brazil (BRA), so that different products can be compared to one another. After optimization of chromatographic conditions, simultaneous analysis was feasible for six volatile compounds, namely: acetaldehyde and ethyl acetate, as well as n-propyl, isobutyl, nbutyl, and isoamyl alcohols. The inorganic composition of the samples was also investigated. Anions (Cl-, CH3COO-, SO4 2- , CO3 = e HCO3 -) were analysed by Ion Chromatography, while cations (Na+, K+, Cu2+, Ca2+, Mg2+,Mn2+,Pb2+, Zn2+,Cd2+, Se2+ e Fe3+) were analysed by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry. The methodologies were validated considering the parameters repeatability, recovery, linearity of analytical curve, limit of detection, and limit of quantitation. For alcohols, aldehyde, and ester analysed, precision was respectively in the ranges 0,2 % - 7,0 %, 0,9% -3,2%, 0,3%-0,7%, while recovery varied in the ranges 97,0% - 103,0%, 99,3 - 104,0%, 98,2% - 102,7%, respectively. The limits of detection (mg/100 mL A.A) were 4.2 for acetaldehyde, 2.8 for ethyl acetate, 9.2 for npropyl alcohol, 7.8 for isobutyl alcohol, 3.1 for n-butyl alcohol, and 44.6 for isoamyl alcohol. The results showed that in only five samples from Cape-Vert (four homemade; one industrial) and in three home-made samples from Brazil, the levels of acetaldehyde were found to be higher than the upper limits allowed by Brazilian legislation; the concentrations of n-butyl alcohol were higher than the allowed limits in two samples from Cape-Vert (one home-made; one industrial) and three home-made samples from Brazil. The levels of higher alcohols were higher than the limit concentrations in three samples from Cape-Vert (one home-made; two industrial) and in two home-made samples from Brazil. However, average concentrations (mg/100 mL A.A) of both acetaldehyde (17,2 BRA; 17,6 C-V) and higher alcohols (247,4 BRA; 240,6 C-V) are in accordance with the requirements of Brazilian legislation (30 mg/100 mL A.A for aldehydes; 360 mg/100 mL A.A for higher alcohols). Ethyl acetate concentration (mg/100 mL A.A) was found to be lower in samples from Brazil (24.8 BRA; 70.0 C-V). The concentrations (mg/100 mL AA) of both cations and anions were found to be: Ni2+ 0,7 (BRA) - 0,6(C-V); Se 1,6(BRA)- 0,62(C-V); Cd2+0,03 (BRA)- 0,04(C-V); Cu2+.5,6 (BRA) - 9,2 (C-V); CH3COO- 055 (BRA) - 1,3 (C-V); SO4 2- 0,07 (BRA) - 4,9 (C-V); HCO3 - 0,04 (BRA) - 9,2(C-V); e Cl- 0,56 (BRA) - 2,0(CV). Average concentrations of inorganic compounds in the samples from Brazil and from Cape-Vert differ from each other, but are in accordance with the literature, except for copper, which is in higher concentrations than allowed in both countries. By PCA analysis, groups were identified in bi-dimensional graphs, in which both artisanal and industrial samples were clearly separated
Bouaziz, Jordan. "Mémoires ferroélectriques non-volatiles à base de (Hf,Zr)O2 pour la nanoélectronique basse consommation." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEI057.
Повний текст джерелаSince 2005, the scaling of memory devices, which used to follow Moore's law, slowed down. This lead researchers to conduct multiple approaches in order to keep improving memory devices. Among these approaches, the pathway on ferroelectric components seems very promising. In 2011, a research team from the NamLab in Dresden, Germany, discovered that Si-doped HfO2 could become ferroelectric with an insulating layer of only 10 nm, which resolves the compatibility issue of perovskite-structured materials with CMOS industry. Since then, other dopants have been investigated. However, new issues are now slowing down the emergence of HfO2-based ferroelectric devices on the market. Understanding the mechanisms behind the ferroelectric properties of these materials has, therefore, become a major industrial issue. In this manuscript, we study (Hf,Zr)O2 (HZO), and we perform an under-utilized technique to elaborate this kind of material: magnetron sputtering. The goal of this thesis is to establish connections between the growth conditions of this material and the electrical properties, to understand the mechanisms behind them, as well as to make the memory devices viable. During the fabrication of the capacitors, we demonstrate that the particular cristallochemical properties are essential to obtain ferroelectricity, and that novel HZO properties are discovered. Afterwards, we seek to cross the state of the art. The results we obtain by sputtering are among the best in the world. The industrial endurance and retention tests are pushed beyond what has been done in the literature so far. Particularly, the influence of electrical stress conditions is thoroughly detailed, and we put to evidence the presence of a relaxation during the different tests that could turn out to become problematic for the emergence of industrial applications. It does not seem that this problem has been identified beforehand
Carvalho, Adriana Vidal França de. "Controle de emissões fugitivas de compostos orgânicos voláteis em componentes de linhas de processo de refinarias de petróleo." Universidade Federal Fluminense, 2016. https://app.uff.br/riuff/handle/1/2800.
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O impacto na qualidade do ar causado pela emissão de poluentes atmosféricos tem sido um problema ambiental crescente, especialmente nos centros urbanos e nas áreas industriais. O ozônio, formado por reações fotoquímicas, é um dos principais componentes do smog fotoquímico. Devido às suas características oxidantes ele é prejudicial à saúde e ao meio ambiente. Por ser um poluente secundário, o controle dos níveis de ozônio na troposfera deve ser realizado a partir da redução dos seus principais precursores: COVs e óxidos de nitrogênio. Refinarias de petróleo são importantes fontes de COVs, especialmente de emissões fugitivas de componentes de linhas de processo e, portanto, são fontes onde há potencial para reduzir estas emissões. Além disso, as licenças ambientais das refinarias também exigem a redução de emissões fugitivas de COVs. A metodologia LDAR, baseada no uso de um analisador portátil para identificação de vazamentos em componentes de linhas de processo, vem sendo utilizada nos Estados Unidos desde a década de 70 para a redução das emissões fugitivas de COVs em refinarias de petróleo. É uma metodologia bastante intensiva em mão de obra e tem custo elevado, uma vez que exige o monitoramento individual de milhares de componentes existentes em uma planta industrial para a detecção de vazamentos. Porém, estudos mostram que o controle com foco nos grandes vazamentos permite uma redução mais efetiva das emissões fugitivas e com menor custo. A metodologia Smart LDAR, que consiste no uso de imagem ótica de infravermelho para visualização de gases, permite a identificação dos grandes vazamentos, que são os que mais contribuem para as emissões fugitivas, sem que haja necessidade de medição de todos os componentes das linhas de processo. O objetivo desta pesquisa é avaliar as metodologias LDAR (Leak Detection and Repair) e Smart LDAR, utilizadas para o controle de emissões fugitivas de compostos orgânicos voláteis (COVs) em refinaria de petróleo, utilizando o conceito de custo-efetividade. Os resultados obtidos a partir das avaliações realizadas mostraram que a metodologia Smart LDAR tem melhor relação custo efetividade para o controle de emissões fugitivas de COVs em comparação à metodologia LDAR convencional
The impact on air quality caused by air pollutants emissions has proven to be a growing environmental problem, mainly at urban centers and industrial areas. The ozone, formed through photochemical reactions, is the photochemical smog’s major component. Due its oxidizing characteristics, it is harmful to the healthy and to the environment. Due to de fact to be a secondary pollutant, the ozone control in the troposphere must be achieved by reducing emissions from its main precursors: VOCs and nitrogen oxides. Petroleum refineries are significant sources of VOCs, especially of fugitive emissions from process lines’ components, so they are sources with potential to reduce these emissions. Furthermore, the petroleum refineries’ environmental licenses also demand the reduction of VOCs’ fugitive emissions. The LDAR methodology, which is based on the application of a portable analyzer to identify leaks in process lines’ components, has been used in the US since the 70s to reduce VOCs’ fugitive emissions in petroleum refineries. This methodology is quite intensive hand labor and costly, since an industrial plant has thousands of components that must be measured individually to detect leaks. However, studies show that the control focusing on large leaks allows the reduction of fugitive emissions more effectively and with low costs. The methodology known as Smart LDAR, which uses infrared optical image for gas leaks view, has the potential to identify great leaks, that most contribute to the fugitive emissions, without requirement to measure all process lines’ components. The purpose of this research is evaluate the methodologies LDAR (Leak Detection and Repair) and Smart LDAR, used to control volatile organic compounds’ (VOCs) fugitive emissions in petroleum refineries, using the concept of cost-effective analysis. The results obtained from the evaluations of this study showed that the Smart LDAR methodology has the best cost effective relation to control fugitive emissions compared to the LDAR conventional methodology
Bragatto, Álann de Oliveira Piagentini. "Sistema de pintura anticorrosiva monocomponente aplicado diretamente sobre o metal substituto ao sistema tradicional de três componentes - Desenvolvimento e avaliação de formulações de tinta base água." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46137/tde-24082018-082657/.
Повний текст джерелаThe developed work aims to evaluate an anticorrosive paint system applied directly on metal, DTM system, in relation to a traditional three components paint system, composed by Primer, Intermediary Coating and Top Coating - both systems solvent based and intended to architectural applications. The work also aims to develop and evaluate water based DTM paint formulations in substitution to solvent based paint system, determining the influence of some components present in the formulations, such as titanium dioxide, zinc phosphate, kaolin, organic corrosion inhibitor and a crosslinker agent, in the anticorrosive properties of the paint. The anticorrosive properties of the paint are evaluated by open circuit potential measures (EOCP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and accelerated corrosion test in the salt-spray chamber. Besides the anticorrosive paints properties, water based DTM formulated paints are compared to solvent borne DTM paint in other properties, particularly in relation to water resistance, by measures of water absorption, water vapor permeability and contact angle, and also in relation to aesthetic properties, such as dry and wet hiding power. The results demonstrated that anticorrosive performance of solvent borne DTM paint system is similar to the solvent borne traditional paint system. In relation to formulatedwater based DTM paints, it was observed that the use of zinc phosphate as an anticorrosive pigment and a crosslinker agent in the formulation is essential to obtain a satisfactory anticorrosive performance. It is also demonstrated that the paint films water resistance is a fundamental property to be improved in water based paints in order to obtain satisfactory results in relation to corrosion resistance for long periods of exposure, just as observed for solvent borne system.
"Principal component analysis of the volatile flavor components and the lexicons of the commercial plain fermented soybean curds." 2004. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5892128.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2004.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 128-153).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Abstract (in English) --- p.i
Abstract (in Chinese) --- p.iv
Acknowledgement --- p.vi
Contents --- p.vii
List of Figures --- p.xi
List of Tables --- p.xii
Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter 2. --- Literature review --- p.5
Chapter 2.1 --- Soybean --- p.5
Chapter 2.1.1 --- History of soybean --- p.5
Chapter 2.1.2 --- Composition of soybean --- p.6
Chapter 2.1.3 --- Nutritional value and health implications of soybean --- p.6
Chapter 2.2 --- Soyfoods --- p.8
Chapter 2.2.1 --- Nonfermented oriental soyfoods --- p.8
Chapter 2.2.2 --- Fermented oriental soyfoods --- p.9
Chapter 2.2.2.1 --- Soy sauce --- p.9
Chapter 2.2.2.2 --- Miso --- p.12
Chapter 2.2.2.3 --- Natto --- p.13
Chapter 2.2.2.4 --- Tempeh --- p.13
Chapter 2.2.2.5 --- Black bean --- p.14
Chapter 2.3 --- Sufu --- p.15
Chapter 2.3.1 --- History of sufu --- p.15
Chapter 2.3.2 --- Sufu classification --- p.16
Chapter 2.3.3 --- Sufu production --- p.17
Chapter 2.3.4 --- Flavor origin of sufu --- p.22
Chapter 2.3.5 --- Volatile components of sufu --- p.23
Chapter 2.3.5.1 --- Alcohols --- p.23
Chapter 2.3.5.2 --- Aldehydes --- p.23
Chapter 2.3.5.3 --- Esters --- p.24
Chapter 2.3.5.4 --- Furans --- p.25
Chapter 2.3.5.5 --- Ketones --- p.26
Chapter 2.3.5.6 --- Sulfur containing compounds --- p.27
Chapter 2.4 --- Sensory evaluation and statistical analysis of data --- p.27
Chapter 2.4.1 --- Types of sensory evaluation techniques --- p.28
Chapter 2.4.1.1 --- Discriminative sensory analysis --- p.28
Chapter 2.4.1.2 --- Consumer affective tests --- p.28
Chapter 2.4.1.3 --- Sensory descriptive analysis --- p.29
Chapter 2.4.2 --- The use of lexicons in sensory analysis --- p.30
Chapter 2.4.3 --- The use of multivariate statistical analyses in sensory evaluation --- p.31
Chapter 2.4.3.1 --- Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) and Descriptive Discriminant Analysis (DDA) --- p.33
Chapter 2.5 --- Relationship between instrumental and sensory data of commercial plain sufu --- p.34
Chapter 2.5.1 --- Principal components analysis of sufu samples --- p.35
Chapter 2.6 --- Objectives of the study --- p.36
Chapter 3. --- Volatile components in sufu --- p.37
Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.37
Chapter 3.2 --- Materials and Methods --- p.41
Chapter 3.2.1 --- Sample collection and preparation --- p.41
Chapter 3.2.2 --- Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) conditions --- p.41
Chapter 3.2.3 --- Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) conditions --- p.42
Chapter 3.2.4 --- Qualification and Quantification of Volatile Compounds --- p.43
Chapter 3.2.5 --- Gas chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection-Olfactometry (GC-FID-O) --- p.44
Chapter 3.2.6 --- Omission experiments --- p.45
Chapter 3.2.7 --- Statistical analysis --- p.46
Chapter 3.3 --- Results and discussion --- p.49
Chapter 3.3.1 --- Overall findings --- p.49
Chapter 3.3.2 --- Acids --- p.54
Chapter 3.3.3 --- Alcohols --- p.55
Chapter 3.3.4 --- Aldehydes --- p.55
Chapter 3.3.5 --- Other TV-containing compounds --- p.56
Chapter 3.3.6 --- Esters --- p.57
Chapter 3.3.7 --- Furans --- p.58
Chapter 3.3.8 --- Ketones --- p.58
Chapter 3.3.9 --- Miscellaneous compounds --- p.59
Chapter 3.3.10 --- Sulfur-containing compounds --- p.60
Chapter 3.3.11 --- Gas chromatography-flame ionization detection-olfactometry 6() (GC-FID-O) analysis --- p.60
Chapter 3.3.12 --- Omission experiments --- p.66
Chapter 3.4 --- Conclusion --- p.69
Chapter 4. --- Sufu lexicon development and spectrum analysis of the flavor of sufu --- p.70
Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.70
Chapter 4.2 --- Materials and Methods --- p.71
Chapter 4.2.1 --- Samples collection and preparation --- p.71
Chapter 4.2.2 --- Basic design --- p.72
Chapter 4.2.3 --- Selection of panelists......Prescreening --- p.73
Chapter 4.2.4 --- Selection of panelists......Screening --- p.74
Chapter 4.2.5 --- Panelist selection --- p.81
Chapter 4.2.6 --- Panelist training --- p.82
Chapter 4.2.7 --- Definition and preparation of the reference standards and scale setting --- p.85
Chapter 4.2.8 --- Product evaluation --- p.92
Chapter 4.2.9 --- Statistical analysis --- p.93
Chapter 4.3 --- Results and discussion --- p.95
Chapter 4.3.1 --- Reduction of the number of lexicons --- p.95
Chapter 4.3.2 --- Analysis of variance (ANOVA) --- p.103
Chapter 4.3.3 --- Overall product differences-pooled within canonical structure --- p.104
Chapter 4.3.4 --- Sufu lexicons --- p.104
Chapter 4.3.5 --- Comparison of sufu lexicons with its related products --- p.108
Chapter 4.4 --- Conclusion --- p.109
Chapter 5. --- Statistical Analysis of Chemometrics and Psychometrics of sufu --- p.112
Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.112
Chapter 5.2 --- Materials and methods --- p.114
Chapter 5.3 --- Results and discussion --- p.114
Chapter 5.3.1 --- Selection of the best number of factors --- p.114
Chapter 5.3.2 --- Meaning of PC --- p.118
Chapter 5.4 --- Conclusion --- p.124
Chapter 6. --- General Conclusion and Significance of the Study --- p.125
References --- p.128
Appendix --- p.154
Wu, Daniel, and 吳書育. "Mass transfer modeling for multi-component volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in vapor permeation process." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77031653820480783780.
Повний текст джерела長庚大學
化工與材料工程研究所
93
In the study, the sorption and diffusion and flux of methanol, m-xylene, toluene, iso-pentane, water through a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membrane was studied. Used experimental data and various model by explaining that mass transfer modeling for multi-component volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in vapor permeation process. The behavior of sorption divided into single system and binary system, that modeled by Flory-Huggins model and UNIQUAC model. In single system, UNIQUAC model slightly superior to Flory-Huggins model. On the other hand, Flory-Huggins model superior to far UNIQUAC model in binary system. I can knew to assessed all results, used Flory-Huggins model to described that the behavior of sorption is ideally and appropriately. In the behavior of diffusion divided into single system and binary system, too. In single system, the diffusion coefficient decreases with increasing feed activity, except for m-xylene. The Long’s model can be accepted to estimate the diffusion coefficient. Else, found too in binary system, the diffusion coefficient in single system can be used in binary system, and independent with the other component. According to solution-diffusion mechanism, the mass transfer process in vapor permeation modeled and interpreted by Fick’s first law. The result showing that the flux increases with increasing feed activity. In binary system, the result can be influenced obviously by the property to be not similar to between two components. Summarize all the above results, this study will setting up the modeling successfully and fully for everybody to study and discuss.
Han, Kun-Yu, and 韓坤佑. "Implementation of a novel microwave plasma reactor and its application on volatile organic component treatment." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27406188849092734994.
Повний текст джерела國立中興大學
化學工程學系
90
ABSTRACT A novel microwave plasma system was implemented and applied on the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) treatment. Ethanol and acetone were selected as the target VOCs respectively. The decomposition and removal efficiency (DRE) value was used to evaluate the performance of the microwave plasma system. Oxygen, air and H2O add to air were used as carriers to combine with the VOCs and to facilitate the VOCs treatment. Under the optimal conditions, namely, flow rate of ethanol was 1500 sccm, power input was 1.5 KW at a frequency of 1KHz, flow rate of air was 1000 sccm and the flow rate of H2O was 0.3 ml/min, an efficiency high than 97% DRE value could be obtained for both ethanol and acetone. Due to the high efficiency and high capacity, this system could be an potential alternation in industrial VOCs treatment.
Ru, Wu Man, and 吳曼如. "Effect of 2,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde,the Major Volatile Component of Antrodia camphorate Fruiting Body, on 3T3-L1 Adipocytes." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/17891921436232215420.
Повний текст джерела實踐大學
食品營養與保健生技學系碩士班
100
Obesity is considered a major risk factor for many chronic disease, including hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and atherosclerosis.The fruiting bodies of Antrodia camphorate possess various biological activites, including anti-oxidation, anti-hypertension, anti-carcinogenesis, anti-hyperlipidemia and liver-protection. However, there has not been any study related to anti-obesity. The major volatile compound of Antrodia camphorate fruiting body, 2,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde (2,4,5-TMBA), was reported to be a significantly inhibitor of COX-2 activity. Because COX-2 is essential for adipogenesis, we investigated the effect of 2,4,5-TMBA on 3T3-L1 preadipocytes differentiation and adipocytes lipolysis. During differentiation, 2,4,5-TMBA dose-dependently attenuated lipid accumulation in differentiated adipocyte as evidenced by Oil Red O staining. At the molecular level, 2,4,5-TMBA decreased the protein expression of MAP kinase kinsae (MEK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) α,β,γ, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ, adipocyte determination and differentiation-dependent factor1/sterol regulation element binding protein1c (ADD1/SREBP1c), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), and perilipin A. In mature adipocytes, 2,4,5-TMBA singnificantly decreased intracellular lipid accumulation by increasing the lipolysis of triglyceride though suppression of perilipin A and up-regulation of hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL). These results demonstrate that 2,4,5-TMBA efficiently inhibits adipogenesis and increase lipolysis in 3T3-L1 cells. Keywords:2,4,5-TMBA, adipogenesis, lipolysis, 3T3-L1 cells
Choudhury, Belayet H. "Volatile and non-volatile components of beef marrow bone stocks." 2008. http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.17449.
Повний текст джерелаKe, Hung-Ta, and 柯宏達. "Studies on Antioxidative and Volatile Components of Pogostemon cablin." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/01081351313603900408.
Повний текст джерела東海大學
食品科學系
90
The purposes of this study were to investigate antioxidative and volatile components from Pogostemon chablin. The results were summarized as the following: (1) The antioxidative components of Pogostemon chablin The ground powder of Pogostemon chablin was extracted with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol. The antioxidative activity of the extract was measured by the ferric thiocyanate method. The order of antioxidative activity was : BHA > methanol extract > α-tocopherol > ethyl acetate extract > n-hexane > control. Due to the strong antioxidative activity of methanol extract, it was fractionated and isolated by various chromatographies to obtain three pure components— adenosine、4-hydroxyethyl- catachol-1-O- (2’-α- L- rhamnopyranosyl)-β- D- glucopyranoside及ο- coumaroyl-β- D- glucopyranoside. (2) Volatile components of Pogostemon chablin The volatile extract was obtained from Pogostemon chablin by Likens-Nickerson extraction and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction. It was isolated and identified by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The 19 components of the volatile extract had been identified, including 6 alcohols, 10 terpenes, 1 ester, 1 acid and 1 phenolic compound . The antioxidative activity of the volatile extract and the various solvent extract was analyzed by the ferric thiocyanate method. The order of antioxidative activity was: BHA > methanol extract >α-tocopherol > volatile extracts > ethyl acetate extract > n-hexane > supercritical carbon dioxide extract > Likens-Nickerson extraction > control
Sue, Kai_Hsin, and 蘇凱馨. "Studies on the antimicrobial volatile components from the plant." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/45845737070261920411.
Повний текст джерела國立屏東科技大學
食品科學系
93
The aim of this study is to identify the volatiles and their antimicrobial activites of lotus flower (Nelumbo nucifera), Plectlanthus, Cinnamomum osmophloeum Kaneh. Volatiles were extracted through three methods including steam distillation, solid-phase microextraction and headspace technique, and then characterized by gas chromatography equipped with mass detector before antimicrobial analysis. Results showed that, more than fifty-one volatiles were identified from petal, filament, pollen and sepal of two varieties in lotus flower. The volatiles compounds in the filaments, sepals and petals were found to be less than that in pollen. Fifty-five compounds, mainly carvacrol and β-caryophyllene were identified from leaves of four varieties of Plectlanthus. As to the Cinnamomum osmophloeum Kaneh, there were also fifty-two compounds identified with the major component as cinnamaldehyde. Higher cinnamaldehyde and lower cinnamyl acetate was found in the sample from higher elevation place. Further antimicrobial analysis of the volatile constituents from sample mentioned above showed that carvacrol, β-caryophyllene, cinnamaldehyde, cinnamyl acetate, trans-cinnamic acid and cinnamyl alcohol exhibited the antimicrobial activites. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were determined against 6 bacteria, 3 yeast and 4 fungi through agar diffusion method. The growth of Bacillus subtilis, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Flavobacterium , Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. melonis FOM-M2, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. melonis FOM-M3, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. melonis FOM-M9 was completely inhibited by carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde, trans-cinnamic acid at relatively low concentrations (1~3 mM). However, β-caryophyllene and cinnamyl acetate showed no antimicrobial activities at all. Finally, the effects of cinnamaldehyde and cinnamyl acetate on the cytotoxicity, induction of apoptosis in K562 cells were investigated through MTT assay as well. The cinnamaldehyde showed stronger cytotoxicity on K562 cells than cinnamyl acetate, with a survival of 29.85% and 83.35% at 100 µM, respectively. Flowcytometry also showed their sub-G1 as 71.62% and 21.29% at 200 µM, respectively. Further investigation by DNA fragmentation and fluorescence microscope confirmed the truth that cinnamaldehyde is a potent inducer of apoptosis.
Richards, Larissa Christine. "Chemometric analysis of full scan direct mass spectrometry data for the discrimination and source apportionment of atmospheric volatile organic compounds measured from a moving vehicle." Thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/13333.
Повний текст джерелаGraduate
2022-08-17
陳偉元. "Studies on volatile components and color of Monascus sufu products." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/19232901733050985947.
Повний текст джерела大葉大學
食品工程研究所
88
Abstract Taiwan Sufu is a traditionally fermented soybean curd product. It is generally prepared using Tofu and soybean moulds and ageing in the salt-sugar brine solution with ethanol. In this study, Monascus Sufu was prepared using Monascus sp-fermented rice and aging in brine solution with or without ethanol. From the 75-day aged Sufu products by sensory-evaluation analysis, the suitable brine solution contained 20g NaCl and 30g sugar without ethanol. By viewing color evaluation, the acceptable brine solution contained 20g NaCl and 60g sugar with 40-degree ethanol. The color of Sufu products changed to red as increasing sugar content in brine solution. In this study, the volatile compounds in Monascus Sufu products were identified and quantified by GC and GC-MS. A total of 55volatile compounds were identified including 20 esters, 17 alcohols, 4 ketones, 4 acids, 4 aldehydes, 3 hydrocarbons and 3 other compounds from the 75-day aged Sufu products. For Monascus sp-fermented rice, the total of 75 volatile compounds were identified including 17 ketones, 14 alcohols, 6 acids, 12 aldehydes, 9 hydrocarbons, 1 pyrazine, 7 esters and 9 others, while the total of 34 volatile compounds were identified including 4 ketones, 10 alcohols, 4 acids, 7 aldehydes, 4 hydrocarbons, 2 esters and 3 others for commercial Tofu. The flavor of Monascus Sufu, particularly ester and alcohol, increased during the ageing period. This may be due to the contribulion of large amount contents of ketones, alcohols and aldehydes in the Monascus sp-fermented rice and Tofu. In addition, the impact of alcohol on the formation of volatile components, particularly ester, was increased as increasing the content of sugar addition. Unfortunately, the flavor of Sufu products became not acceptable as a significantly high amount of alcohol was added. In general, as the increase of sugar content in brine solution, the color, flavor and texture of the Monascus Sufu products was enhanced or improved. Keywords:Tofu, Monascus Sufu, Flavor, Monascus.
Huang, Hui-Ju, and 黃惠茹. "Studies on Antioxidative and Volatile Components of Pueraria lobata Flowers." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72939404666042593219.
Повний текст джерелаLin, Yu-Ling, and 林玉淩. "Studies on Antioxidative and Volatile Components of Dichroa febrifuga Lour." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39526518553280595993.
Повний текст джерела東海大學
食品科學系
91
The purposes of this study were to investigate antioxidative and volatile components from Dichroa febrifuga Lour. The results were summarized as the following: The antioxidative components of Dichroa febrifuga Lour. The ground powder of Dichroa febrifuga Lour. was extracted with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol. The antioxidative activity of the extract was measured by the ferric thiocyanate method. The order of antioxidative activity was : BHA > methanol extract > ethyl acetate extract >α-tocopherol >n-hexane extract > control. Due to the strong antioxidative activity of methanol extract, it was fractionated and isolated by various chromatographies to obtain six pure components : 4-hydroxy- 3-methoxyphenyl- 2,3-dihydroxy-1-propanone、3-[[6- O-(6-deoxy-α- L- mannopyranosyl)- β-D- glucopyranosyl] oxy] -caffeic acid 3-[(β-D-glucofuranosyl)oxy]-4-hydroxyphenyl ethyl ester、3-[(β-D 3-[(β-D-glucopyranosyl) oxy]-caffeic acid 4-[(6-deoxyl-α-L-mannopyranosyl)oxy]-phenylethyl ester、umbelliferone (7-hydroxy-coumarin)、trans ferulic acid and 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-propenal . Volatile components of Dichroa febrifuga Lour. The volatile extract was obtained from Dichroa febrifuga Lour. By steam distillation extraction and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction. The extract was isolated and identified by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The 12 main components of the volatile extract had been identified, including 4 terpenes, 3 alcohol, 3 esters, 1 aldehyde and 1 furan . The extract yield of both extract methods are very low. Therefore, the antioxidative activity is not determinated.
Cheng, Yu-Chun, and 鄭宇君. "Studies on Antioxidative and Volatile Components of Artemisia argyi Leaf." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99595326297484320121.
Повний текст джерела東海大學
食品科學系
92
The purposes of this study were to investigate antioxidative and volatile components from leaf of Artemisia argyi Levl. et Vant. The results were summarized as the following : (1)The antioxidative components of A.argyi The ground powder of A.argyi was extracted with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol successively. The antioxidative activity of the extract was measured by the ferric thiocyanate method. The order of antioxidative activity was : BHA>methanol extract>ethyl acetate extract>α-tocopherol> control>n-hexane extract. Due to the strong antioxidative activity, the methanol extract was fractionated and isolated by various chromatographies to obtain five pure phenolic acid components : caffeyl-4-O-caffeic acid, caffeic acid,caffeyl-4-O-ferulic acid,ferulic acid,ferulyl-4-O-ferulic acid. The order of antioxidative activity was : ferulic acid>BHA>caffeic acid> caffeyl-4-O-caffeic acid>caffeyl-4-O-ferulic acid>ferulyl-4-O-ferulic acid> αtocopherol>control。 (2)Volatile components of A.argyi The volatile extract was obtained from A.argy by steam distillation- solvent extraction. The extract was isolated and identified by gas chromatography(GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). The 21 main components of the volatile extract had been identified, including 9 alcohols, 7 terpenes, 3 ketones and 2 phenolic compounds. The five typically volatile components of the herb are borneol(12.51%), caryophyllene oxide(7.29%), caryophyllene(6.03%), camphene(5.55%) and camphor(4.08%).
Chen, Ming-Hsueh, and 陳銘學. "Studies on Antioxidative and Volatile Components of Polygonum aviculare L." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32817326405353321575.
Повний текст джерела東海大學
食品科學系
92
The purposes of this study were to investigate antioxidative and volatile components from Polygonum aviculare L. The results were summarized as the following: (1) The antioxidative components of P. aviculare. The ground powder of P. aviculare was extracted with methanol. Then, the methanol extract was extracted with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol saccessively. The antioxidative activity of the extract was measured by the ferric thiocyanate method. The order of antioxidative activity was : BHA>ethyl acetate extract>methanol extract>n-hexane>α-tocopherol>control. Due to the strong antioxidative activity, the ethyl acetate extract was fractionated and isolated by various chromatographies to obtain four pure flavonoid glucosides, luteolin-7- O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), apigenin 7,4’-O-β-D-diglucopyranoside (2), apigetrin(apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside)(3) and quercetin-7,4’-O-β-D-diglucopyranoside (4). (2) Volatile components of P. aviculare The volatile extract was obtained from P. aviculare by Likens-Nickerson and supercritical carbon dioxide extractions. The extracts were isolated and identified by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The 33 components of the volatile extract had been identified, including 10 aldehydes, 7 alcohols, 4 esters, 3 ketones, 3 phenolic compounds, 2 acids, 2 furans and 2 terpenes . The antioxidative activity of the volatile and the various solvent extracts was analyzed by the ferric thiocyanate method. The antioxidative activity was in the order of BHA>ethyl acetate extract>methanol extract>n-hexane>α-tocopherol>control>Likens-Nickerson extract>supercritical carbon dioxide extract.
Wen-Chien, Tsai, and 蔡文鈐. "Studies on Volatile and Antioxidative Components from Asiasarum heterotropoides var. mandshuricum." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23363908986633454173.
Повний текст джерела東海大學
食品科學系
89
Abstract The purposes of this study were to investigate volatile and antioxidative components of Asiasarum heterotropoides var. mandshuricum.The results are listed as following : (1)Volatile components of Asiasarum heterotropoides var. mandshuricum The purpose of this study section was to determinate the chemical compositions and antioxidative activities of volatile extracts from Asiasarum heterotropoides var. mandshuricum by simultaneous steam distillation solvent etraction. 22 volatile components were identified, including 2 ketones, 5 alcohols, 6 terpenes, 1 alkane, 1 phenol compounds and 7 aromatic compounds. (2) The antioxidative components from the ethyl acetate extract of Asiasarum heterotropoides var. mandshuricum Asiasarum heterotropoides var. mandshuricum was extracted witih n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol successively. The antioxidative activity of the extracts was determined by the ferric thiocyanate method. The antioxidative efficiency was in the ordor of BHA > ethyl acetate extract > methanol extract > α-tocopherol > n-hexane extract > control. The chromatographies to obtain four isolated compounds. Three of the isolated compounds were identified as methyl paraben (4-hydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester)、trans p-coumaric acid [3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acid]、1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid(2-methyl butyl)ester. The rest one was tentatively concluded to be 2’-hydroxy-4’,5’-dimethyl phenyl carboxylic acid.