Дисертації: "Vitruvio"

1

Amadei, Daniela. "L'ordine e la geometria nel teatro antico. Diffusione e fortuna del De Architectura di Vitruvio. Caso studio: il teatro romano di Fanum Fortunae." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/242950.

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La stretta relazione che intercorre tra numero e bellezza ha origine antichissima ed ha accompagnato gli studi e le riflessioni di numerosi filosofi e dei più svariati artisti. Un’interessante teoria lega la nascita della matematica alle manifestazioni dei primi riti religiosi che per molti non sono che le primissime esperienze teatrali. Queste esperienze uniscono intimamente il concetto di ordine con il concetto di spazio. La tesi ricerca il nesso tra ordine matematico e spazio teatrale, quest’ultimo spesso definito come lo specchio della società. Il lavoro è stato svolto individuando come fonte principale il De Architectura, unico trattato antico di architettura pervenutoci. Per meglio spiegare i concetti di ordinamento, disposizione, euritmia e simmetria Vitruvio descrive le proporzioni del corpo umano “ideali” che, legate con le proporzioni “ideali” degli edifici, riflettono i rapporti numerici perfetti che danno luogo alla bellezza e all’ordine cosmico. Sia nella descrizione dell’uomo che in quella del teatro risalta l’aspetto grafico e le figure geometriche messe in gioco diventano fondamentali e fondanti. Figure che lo stesso Platone, nel Timeo, aveva utilizzato per generare il mondo visibile. Un percorso quindi che parte dalla matematica e si sviluppa nella disciplina del disegno con l’analisi grafica delle prime edizioni del De Architectura. Un confronto che mette in luce le molteplici versioni di un testo che purtroppo lascia molti nodi irrisolti. L’analisi del teatro vitruviano è stato poi calato nel caso del teatro romano di Fanum Fortunae per due motivi: innanzitutto perché è un teatro recentemente scoperto e quindi campo vergine di indagine e poi perché, proprio come esposto da Vitruvio, a Fanum Fortunae si trova l’unico edificio pubblico da lui realizzato: la basilica. È stato quindi fondamentale l’analisi planimetrica del teatro le cui rispondenze e concordanze con i dettami vitruviani aiutano a dare ulteriori testimonianze dell’effettiva presenza di Vitruvio a Fano.
The close relationship that links numbers and beauty has ancient origins and has accompanied the studies and considerations of numerous philosophers and various artists. An interesting theory associates the birth of mathematics to the first religious rites, these are considered by many the very first theatrical experiences that connect intimately the concept of order and the concept of space. The thesis examines the relation between the mathematical patterns and the theatre space, this last one is often defined as the mirror of the society. The entire work has been produced using as the main source the De Architectura, which is the only text on the subject of architecture to survive antiquity. To better explain the concepts of architectural order, disposition, eurythmy and symmetry Vitruvius draws a connection between the "ideal" proportions of the human body and the "ideal" proportions of the building, together they reflect the perfect relationships of numbers that give birth to beauty and to cosmic order. Both in the description of the human body and the theatre, the graphic aspect and the geometric forms become essentials and fundamentals. These patterns were also used by Plato in his work the Timaeus, he used them to generate the visible world. A study that has his basis in mathematics and continues his development in the dicipline of drawing accompanied by the graphic analysis found in the first editions of De Architectura. A discussion that highlights multiple versions of a text that unfortunately leaves many unsolved questions. The Vitruvian theatre analysis has later been identified in the case of the Roman theatre of Fanum Fortunae for two reasons: first of all because the theatre was discovered only recently and it is new to this kind of research and also, because, as Vitruvius said, in Fanum Fortunae is located the only public building realized by him: the basilica. Essential was the planimetric analysis of the theatre, whose correspondeces and compliances with Vitruvius' indications help us to prove the effective presence of the Roman architect in Fano.

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2

Bassoli, Irene. "Il teatro romano di Urbs Salvia. Ipotesi ricostruttiva del progetto architettonico." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.

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L’obiettivo di questo studio è stato definire un’ipotesi di ricostruzione digitale del teatro romano di Urbs Salvia il più fedele possibile, basata innanzitutto sui dati archeologici a disposizione e, per le parti mancanti, su uno studio approfondito dell’evoluzione dei teatri nel tempo. L’analisi in questione è partita dallo studio delle caratteristiche teatro romano; si è reso poi necessario un approfondimento sui singoli macro-elementi. In particolare, l’analisi si è concentrata sulla progettazione della cavea, il luogo destinato agli spettatori, e all’edificio scenico, destinato invece agli attori. Il pessimo stato di conservazione del teatro ha reso necessaria un’ampia ricerca che permettesse di effettuare i confronti necessari per integrare le parti mancanti. Questa ricerca si è basata su due fonti principali: la prima è lo stato di fatto, che attraverso il rilievo ha permesso di stabilire alcuni punti fermi; la seconda è la testimonianza di Vitruvio, che dedica il V libro del “De Architectura” interamente ai teatri, indicando le regole da seguire per la progettazione. Tuttavia, i precetti vitruviani non sono verificati nella maggior parte dei teatri ancora oggi conservati; è nata quindi una riflessione sulla relazione che intercorre tra i precetti vitruviani e i metodi effettivi di progettazione dei teatri romani. Grazie ai recenti studi di Wladyslaw Fuchs, che hanno messo in evidenza come i progettisti lavorassero con uno schema flessibile che veniva adattato alle diverse situazioni, è possibile ipotizzare che anche il teatro di Urbs Salvia sia stato progettato non applicando le "regole fisse" indicate da Vitruvio, quanto schemi geometrici e principi generali. Sintesi finale di questo lavoro è il raggiungimento di un modello ideale del progetto per il teatro, comunicato attraverso un modello tridimensionale e un modello fisico che permette una maggiore consapevolezza spaziale degli elementi.

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3

Calil, Marcos Rogério. "Analema de Vitruvius: dos relógios solares até o relógio de sol plano horizontal." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2008. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/13383.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:16:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcos Rogerio Calil.pdf: 11488359 bytes, checksum: dd0835c7c2c46050e6e9c84469f65015 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-05-12
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Vitruvius, who was born near Rome around the first century BC, introduces in his work Ten Books on Architecture several teachings on Roman architecture, concepts regarding war machines, and also information about the science of his time. His name, place of birth, the dates of his birth and death, and the exact year when the work was written are still open issues, stimulating controversies among specialists who seek to understand the thoughts of the Roman architects who lived in that period. Besides that, several words used within the Ten Books on Architecture are left without translation, because their contextual meaning cannot be understood. The work Ten Books on Architecture, allegedly written by Vitruvius, not only provides the reader with architectural concepts of the first century BC, but also allows a glimpse of the Roman view of the Universe at that time. The aim of the ninth book is explaining Astronomy and the mechanism of the sky for the construction of sundials, and presents the analemma. Vitruvius analemma is a basic geometric analysis preceding the construction of all sundials at that time. However, Vitruvius only describes the construction of the geometric diagram, and not its use and application, a task that is left to mathematicians. He does mention the names of several inventors and their respective sundials, but he does not offer any further details. This work presents, in chapter I, a philological analysis of Vitruvius. Chapter II offers a detailed analysis of Vitruvius book IX, chapter VIII, verse I, where the author refers to many types of sundials and their inventors. After a thorough examination of those sundials, in chapter III the readers will be able to check each stage of the construction of the analemma, commented with the use of translations into Latin, French, Italian, English, Spanish and Portuguese, together with the opinions of commentators. Finally, chapter IV shows an example of how Vitruvius analemma can be applied for the construction of a plane horizontal sundial, following the analysis of Gustav Bilfinger
Nascido por volta do século I a.C. nas regiões próximas de Roma, Vitruvius apresenta na sua obra Dez Livros de Arquitetura, diversos ensinamentos sobre arquitetura romana e conceitos construtivos sobre as máquinas de guerras da época, acompanhadas de informações sobre a ciência da época. Seu nome, local de nascimento, datas de vida e morte e data exata da elaboração da obra são questões abertas que geram debates entre os especialistas que desejam entender os pensamentos dos arquitetos romanos que viveram durante esse período. Atrelados a esses fatores, os textos inseridos nos dez livros deixam diversas palavras sem tradução por não apresentarem um entendimento acerca do propósito contextual. A obra Dez Livros de Arquitetura, atribuído a Vitruvius, além de proporcionar ao leitor os conceitos arquitetônicos do século I a.C. também permite captar uma visão de Universo que os romanos tinham dessa época. Desses dez livros, apenas o nono apresenta o propósito de explicar a Astronomia com fundamentos de mecânica celeste objetivando como resultado final a construção de relógios solares e apresentação do analema . O analema de Vitruvius é uma analise fundamental que antecede todas as demais construções de relógios solares existentes na época. Porém, Vitruvius nos indica apenas a construção e não o uso e aplicação do mesmo, deixando essa tarefa para os matemáticos. Descrevendo os nomes de vários inventores e seus respectivos relógios solares, sem no entanto esclarecer detalhes. Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar ao leitor, no decorrer do primeiro capítulo, uma análise filológica de Vitruvius. No segundo capítulo, a pesquisa realiza uma análise aprofundada do capítulo oito, verso um, contido no livro nove, onde Vitruvius apresenta diversos tipos de relógios solares e seus autores. Após a análise minuciosa desses relógios solares, no capítulo três o leitor poderá verificar cada etapa de construção do analema de Vitruvius com seus comentários através da análise de textos traduzidos para o latim, francês, italiano, inglês, espanhol e português, além de opiniões apresentadas por comentadores. Por fim, no capítulo quatro, será apresentado para o leitor um exemplo de aplicação do analema de Vitruvius para a construção de um relógio solar plano horizontal, seguindo a análise de Gustav Bilfinger

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Giacobbi, Alessandro. "La testimonianza riscoperta. Proposta di valorizzazione e rifunzionalizzazione del "Teatro Greco" di Villa Adriana." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/18211/.

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L’idea di rifunzionalizzare il “Teatro Greco” di Villa Adriana nasce come approfondimento di un progetto a grande scala condotto dal laboratorio di laurea “Architettura per l’archeologia, A. A. 2017-2018” con l’intento di riqualificare il territorio compreso nella Unesco Buffer Zone di Villa Adriana, tra il sito archeologico e il corso del fiume Aniene. Il progetto dell’area ha permesso di delineare una nuova visione del territorio in termini sia di nuovi servizi e infrastrutture sia di valorizzazione del paesaggio. Nella seconda parte del percorso di tesi ho deciso di affrontare il tema dell’ingresso a Villa Adriana. L’area, che comprende vari manufatti archeologici, “Teatro Greco”, “Palestre” e “Ninfeo di Venere”, ha subito nel corso degli anni alcuni interventi. Il più importante è stato l’acquisizione di questi terreni da parte del Conte Fede nella seconda metà del Settecento per costruirvi la propria tenuta agricola. In seguito dalla seconda metà del Novecento l’area è stata dimenticata ed esclusa dal percorso di visita della Villa per utilizzare la zona come grande area parcheggio nel punto di contatto con la strada e gli edifici settecenteschi presenti sono stati adibiti a sede della Soprintendenza. Riprendendo il tema di una linea di tram elettrico che unisca il territorio, sviluppata nel progetto a larga scala, la proposta è quella di ripristinare l’ingresso alla Villa dall’esedra del Conte Fede, lungo il viale dei cipressi, limitare i parcheggi e potenziare i servizi. All’interno di questo percorso assume grande rilevanza l’idea di rifunzionalizzare il “Teatro Greco” sia per manifestazioni teatrali durante i periodi primaverile-estivo, sia come primo luogo di accoglienza per i visitatori. Il progetto prevede la ricostruzione del manufatto, parziale nelle forma e reversibile nei materiali, a partire da un’ipotesi formale basata su un attento studio dei dati archeologici e delle prescrizioni vitruviane.

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Wulfram, Hartmut. "Literarische Vitruvrezeption in Leon Battista Albertis "De re aedificatoria" /." München : K. G. Saur, 2001. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb38963958s.

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6

Fisher, Matt 1959. "Erasing Vitruvius." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61129.

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De architectura libri decim, the oldest extant treatise on Architecture in the Greco-Latin tradition, has historically constituted the archetype of architectural discourse, if its specific content would now seem largely irrelevant. And yet to the extent that we still distinguish theoretical activity and practice, we remain de-limited by the essential terms of the Vitruvian text, and the rational order which they prescribe, an order of the logos. But within the prescription itself we find the traces of a diversity and richness largely repressed, traces of an other logos, another understanding of the traditional world of artifice--including the artifice of writing--that undermines the structure and space of the logos which Vitruvius has attempted to erect, and which we still inhabit. If Architecture is The Ten Books ..., it is also a writing, a multiple, palimpsestic writing in which the play of artifice will leave its trace in the stratification of the inscription.

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7

Filho, Francisco Borges. "O desenho e o canteiro no Renascimento Medieval(séculos XII e XIII): indicativos da formação dos arquitetos mestres construtores." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16131/tde-13102005-115856/.

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A pesquisa enfoca os séculos XII e XIII, conhecidos como o período do Renascimento Medieval. É a época do auge da produção da arquitetura gótica, onde as inovações construtivas aparecem e se consolidam. É na óptica dos procedimentos práticos e dos conhecimentos geométricos que estão as principais vertentes da pesquisa. O tipo e a profundidade do conhecimento da geometria que era considerada o coração do ofício do pedreiro medieval são pesquisados junto às obras de Euclides (Os Elementos) e Vitrúvio (De Architectura), demonstrando a intensidade de sua difusão junto aos mestres por toda a Idade Média. Com os cadernos de Villard de Honnecourt temos a prova da utilização dos manuais da Geometria Prática Geometria Fabrorum pelos arquitetos mestres construtores. A formação dos arquitetos se dava fora da educação formal. Era através das tradições do ofício quase sempre ensinadas oralmente e através de textos antigos, acessíveis por traduções em língua vernácula que ela acontecia, principalmente dentro das Corporações. Conhecimentos transmitidos através de clérigos que dominavam o latim, também foram importantes meios para o enriquecimento de procedimentos e habilidades tradicionais, que seguiam sendo disseminadas oralmente. Somente ao final da Idade Média, alguns mestres alemães dispõem-se a escrever e desvelar o segredo dos pedreiros. Todas as escolhas são privativas do arquiteto mestre construtor, o que comprova a existência do projeto medieval que com suas diferentes formas de representação e execução, variados instrumentos e ferramentas, materializou um espaço arquitetônico coerente com o conhecimento geométrico e a tecnologia disponível.
This study concentrates on the XII and XIII century. The period is known as the Medieval Renaissance and is considered the time of the prime production of gothic architecture, with the appearance and consolidation of innovations in construction techniques. The main focus of this research is on practical procedures and know-how on geometry of the period. The type and depth of knowledge in geometry, considered at the time, the heart of the medieval stone masons profession, are studied in conjunction with the writings of Euclid (The Elements) and Vitruvius (De Architectura), showing the extent to which these works were known by masters builders throughout de Middle Ages. In the books of Villard de Honnecourt, proof exists that the manual on Practical Geometry Geometria Fabrorum were used by architects masters builders. The training and education of architects at the time was not formal, but occurred through the tradition of practicing skills of the profession, mostly taught orally or through antique texts, available through translations in the vernacular language used mainly in Guilds. Knowledge transmitted by monks or clergy, who dominated Latin, were also important ways of enriching the procedures and traditional skills, spread orally from this source. Only at the end of the Middle Ages, some German masters builders started writing about and revealing the secret of stone masons. Design and construction detailing decisions were private, belonging essentially to the architect master builder, which proves that the medieval design, in its different forms of representation and execution, as well as various uses of tools and instruments, brought about an architectural space coherent with the knowledge of geometry and technologies available at the time.

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McEwen, Indra Kagis. "Vitruvius : writing the body of architecture." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=37779.

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Vitruvius dedicated his, the only work on architecture to have survived from classical antiquity, to Augustus Caesar, the first Roman emperor, and claimed repeatedly that he was "writing the body of architecture (corpus architecturae)." A detailed examination of meaning of this claim, read in the specific imperial context that brought De architectura to light in ca. 25 B.C., is the principal focus of this study, which has been undertaken less as an effort to come to positive terms with the relevance (or irrelevance) of Vitruvius' normative prescriptions for Roman building practice than in the attempt to try to understand what he was trying to say about architecture and why.
The exegesis is developed in four parts. The first deals with the corporeal identity of the book itself: a ten-scroll "angelic" messenger, whose written form proves to be as significant an index of its meaning as its content. The second part assesses Vitruvius' presentation of his treatise to Augustus in the preface to Book 2 of his treatise as the emperor's Herculean body: at once the agent and proof of Roman conquest and, like Hercules, the philanthropic purveyor of the benefits of civilisation to conquered peoples. The third unravels what Vitruvius meant when he said that buildings, temples especially, were to be put together in the same way that nature puts together the bodies of beautiful men. The fourth part concludes that the beautiful body, in question is the body of the king: that of the emperor himself, whose body---corpus imperii---was, at that historical juncture, imagined as congruent with the body of the Roman world. For Vitruvius, through architecture---as architecture---this kingly body was to be the chief agent of the empire's enduring coherence.
That the project of Roman world dominion so consistently shaped this first self-conscious attempt to give a comprehensive account of architecture raises troubling questions about the discipline itself. It is in raising such questions that Vitruvius' De architectura acquires more than antiquarian interest.

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Duarte, Claudio Walter Gomez. "\"Elegância\" e \"sutileza\" na concepção dos templos dóricos gregos (sécs V-II a. C.)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/71/71131/tde-03062015-110455/.

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A concepção arquitetônica dos templos dóricos gregos é abordada na interface da análise entre as fontes textuais e a cultura material. Verificamos a relevância e o papel que tiveram a \"elegância\" e a \"sutileza\", segundo Vitrúvio, no modus operandi dos arquitetos gregos, como recursos técnicos e metodológicos para o desenvolvimento do projeto do templo dórico grego entre o século V-II a.C. Visamos esclarecer e estabelecer vínculos entre esses conceitos relativamente subjetivos e a lógica subjacente que norteou os arquitetos, tanto em projeto como nas aplicações precisas em obra, verificando assim a Hipótese Modular proposta por Mark Wilson Jones, para a concepção dos templos dóricos gregos. Para isso, abordarmos os fundamentos científicos da arquitetura grega a partir da análise de dois grupos de templos: o Grupo 1, composto de oito templos hexastilos, 6 x 13, do século V a.C. e o Grupo 2, composto de nove templos hexastilos perípteros de configuração de colunata lateral variada, datados entre o IV-II século a.C. Adotamos como ponto de partida da pesquisa, e referência fundamental, os artigos publicados por Mark Wilson Jones em 2001 e 2006, respectivamente, nos periódicos: American Journal of Archaeology e Nexus. Procuramos sistematicamente atualizar o debate apoiados nas discussões mais recentes e em nossas próprias análises e conclusões.
This thesis addresses the conception of Greek Doric Temple Design and architecture found in the analysis of and interface between textual sources and material culture. This thesis notes the importance of and the role that \"elegance\" and \"subtlety\" played, according to Vitruvius, in the modus operandi of Greek architects, including technical and methodological resources in the development of Greek Doric temples between the fifth and second centuries BC. This work aims to clarify and establish links between these relatively subjective concepts and the subjacent logic that guided these architects, both in design as well as in their precise application in construction, thus verifying the Modular hypothesis proposed by Mark Wilson Jones. Towards this end, this thesis addresses the scientific foundations of Greek architecture by analyzing two groups of temples: Group 1, comprised of eight 6 x 13 hexastyle temples from the fifth century BC and Group 2, comprised of nine hexastyle peripteral temples in varied peristyle lateral configuration, dated between the fourth and second centuries BC. The starting point of and the fundamental reference for the research are scholarly articles published by Mark Wilson Jones in 2001 and 2006 in The American Journal of Archaeology and Nexus, respectively. This work seeks to systematically update the latest debates and discussions surrounding this topic via the author\'s own analysis and subsequent conclusions.

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Estill, Alexander Clayton. "Vitruvian delight customization within the speculative model /." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2005. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=ucin1129233879.

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ESTILL, ALEXANDER CLAYTON. "VITRUVIAN DELIGHT: CUSTOMIZATION WITHIN THE SPECULATIVE MODEL." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1129233879.

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O'Hara, Joanne E. "Colen Campbell and the preparatory drawings for Vitruvius Britannicus." Thesis, University of York, 2010. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/1572/.

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Colen Campbell (c.1676-1729) is remembered for his contribution to English architecture in the early eighteenth century, and most notably for his authorship of three volumes of the architectural book Vitruvius Britannicus. In recent interpretations, Campbell's part in this venture has been called into question, assigning him the role of a mere draughtsman, only promoted to author due to circumstantial pressures. This thesis aims to contribute to the existing scholarly work by taking into consideration the drawings for the production of Vitruvius Britannicus, which have hitherto remained understudied. These drawings will be used as the basis for my investigation of the production of Vitruvius Britannicus. I also supply the first catalogue raisonné of these drawings. Across five chapters, I trace the production of Vitruvius Britannicus in the order in which it occurred. This chronology is reflected in the structure of my thesis. Chapter I sets out the provenance of the Campbell drawings and investigates their purpose and technique, both in the categories of drawing for building and drawing for engraving. Chapter II presents the origins of the designs included by Campbell in Vitruvius Britannicus. Chapter III investigates possible origins of the book in Scotland, by looking at three disparate individuals who may have provided Campbell with graphic material or skills needed for the production. In addition, visual material Campbell certainly utilised when in London is analysed. Chapter IV considers the accuracy of the source material which Campbell adopted, drawing on specific remaining examples. Chapter V deals with the final stage of production, the transformation of the drawings to engravings. The engraver for Vitruvius Britannicus, Henry Hulsbergh, is investigated, as is another, unidentified, engraver who assisted in the production of volume I. I present a challenge to the recent interpretations of Vitruvius Britannicus, and add to the existing understanding of the role which Campbell played in the production. I develop a hitherto unexplored interpretation of the genesis of the book, emphasising Campbell's own Scottish origins, and promote the view that he was instrumental in the conceptualisation of its production from the earliest stages.

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Lemerle, Frédérique. "Les "Annotations" de Guillaume Philandrier sur le "De architectura" de Vitruve, Livres I à IV /." Paris : Picard, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37106087v.

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Texte remanié de la 1re partie de: Th. État--Hist.--Tours--Centre d'études supérieures de la Renaissance, 1991.
Contient le fac-sim. de l'éd. de Lyon : J. de Tournes, 1552. Bibliogr. p. 50-58. Bibliogr. des oeuvres de G. Philandrier p. 48-49. Index.

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14

Courrént, Mireille. "L'idee de nature dans le de architectura de vitruve." Caen, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995CAEN1178.

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L'IDEE DE NATURE JOUE UN ROLE FONDAMENTAL DANS L'IDEE DE L'ARCHITECTURE DEVELOPPEE PAR VITRUVE. ELLE APPARAIT CERTES SOUS UNE FORME ECLA TEE, CONSTITUEE D'ELEMENTS DIVERS APPARTENANT A PLUSIEURS SOURCES PHILISOPHIQUES OU SCIENTIFIQUES; MAIS L'ORGANISATION QUE VITRUVE LEUR DONNE FAIT DE L'UNIVERS UN ENSEMBLE REGI PAR DES LOIS MECANIQUES ET DES PRINCIPES PhYSIQUES (DONT LES FONDEMENTS SONT LES QUATRE ELEMENTS ET LA NOTION DE CHANGEMENT). CETTE IDEE DE NATURE, QUI DONNE UN CADRE A LA PRATIQUE DE L'ARCHITECTURE, INTERESSE AUSSI LA THEORIE DE CET ART, PUISQUE NON SEULEMENT ELLE EN CONSTITUE L'ORIGINE ET LE MODELE, MAIS JUSTIFIE EGALEMENT L'EXISTENCE D'UNE REFLEXION ABSTRAITE PROPRE A L'ARCHITECTURE ( QUI PEUT REVENDIQUER AINSI LE STATUT DE SCIENTIA) ET PERMET A L'ARCHITECTE DE PROPOSER UNE APPROCHE ORIGINALE DU BONHEUR DANS LE CADRE DE LA CITE.

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15

Davidovits, Frédéric. "Géologie et construction dans le de architectura de Vitruve." Caen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CAEN1475.

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Cette thèse est une étude du vocabulaire des matériaux géologiques et des produits issus de ces matières premières mentionnés dans le De Architectura de Vitruve, oeuvre rédigé aux environs de 25 av. J. -C. Chaque terme est étudié en fonction des données techniques et archéologiques. Ce corpus constitue un champ lexico-notionnel des matières minérales et de leurs produits dérivés utilisés dans l’architecture romaine: pierre, moellon, sable, pouzzolane, brique crue et cuite, chaux, mortiers, enduits, pigments, opus caementicium, opus signinum, etc. La méthode d’étude sémantique pour chaque terme est de type sémasiologique. Après un rappel étymologique, il est effectué une brève synthèse diachronique et sémique du terme dans la littérature latine avant Vitruve. Il est procédé ensuite à une analyse sémantique et technique dans une perspective synchronique. Après avoir rappelé les occurrences et la monosémie ou la polysémie du terme chez Vitruve, ses différentes acceptions sont regroupées selon leur contexte. Si le terme désigne un produit manufacturé, l’étude des contextes révèle les lexies complexes ou les syntagmes verbaux de sens technique (fabrication ou utilisation) concernant ce produit. De plus, les lacunes vitruviennes de description de ce produit sont relevées et elles sont complétées au moyen de données techniques ou archéologiques. Si l’unité lexicale est usitée dans un discours technico-savant, l’analyse des contextes permet d’établir les conceptions scientifiques (physique, chimie, géologie) de Vitruve

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16

Cam, Marie-Thérèse. "Commentaire du livre 7 du "de architectura" de vitruve." Caen, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991CAEN1087.

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Le commentaire du livre 7 du de architectura de vitruve, consacre aux revetements (pavements, enduits muraux, motifs picturaux et fourniture des couleurs), fait apparaitre des convergences entre les donnees archeologiques et les recommandations vitruviennes, de sources empiriques et livresques. L'etude du vocabulaire permet d'apprehender la specificite des mots techniques d'un corps de metiers aux competences tres larges
The commentary on vitruv's de architectura, book 7, devoted to covering (pavements, mural platering, paintings, colors), shows convergences between arhceological data and vitruvian advice, coming from personal experience and book learning. The study of vocabulary inables us to comprehend the specificity of technical words used by a corporation having large abilities

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17

Günther, Stefan. "Klassicismens interiörer : inredningskonst och arkitekturprofiler från Vitruvius till Tessin = Classical interior architecture : the history of interior detail in Italy, France and Sweden from Vitruvius to 1700 /." Stockholm : Norstedt, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4003.

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18

Schuler, Stefan. "Vitruv im Mittelalter : die Rezeption von "De architectura" von der Antike bis in die frühe Neuzeit /." Köln ; Wien : Böhlau, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37195342b.

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19

Spriggs, Megan. "Fabrique et discours, Salomon de Caus and the Vitruvian ideal of architecture." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0035/MQ64121.pdf.

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20

Spriggs, Megan. "Fabrique et discours : Salomon de Caus and the Vitruvian ideal of architecture." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=30139.

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A study of Salomon de Caus' manuscript commentary on the first book of Jean Martin's French translation of Vitruvius (c. 1622--1624) which takes the form of a dialogue between an Architect, an Engineer and a Mathematician. The removal of music and natural philosophy from the Vitruvion program of education; the need for the updating of Vitruvius' classical theory of founding cities and building their fortified walls; the emphasis on convenience in the planning of buildings and the separation of engineering and architecture within the Vitruvion corpus all point to a reduction in the role of architecture as cosmic analogy. A comparison with de Caus' treatises on perspective, mechanics, musical harmony, solar clocks and mensuration reveal that for de Caus, it is the engineer whose making can reconcile human and divine through a form of technical know-how that although it cannot be considered true knowledge, reveals the wonder of God to the senses.

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21

Escalante, Ana S. (Ana Stephanie). "Vitruvius on architecture : a modem application and stability analysis of classical structures." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/83710.

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Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2013.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 65-66).
Imperial Rome has left numerous legacies, the most well-known being its literature and monuments. Though many monuments, such as the Pantheon, are well-preserved, in cases where little physical evidence remains, historians can often use literary sources to inform reconstruction efforts. For more technical studies of Roman construction, technical literature is rare and the contemporary awareness of such literature even less known. When Vitruvius wrote De architectura, he did not intend for it to be a manual for instruction but rather a central source of general architectural knowledge. Directly aimed at architects, contractors, and other individuals involved in the design and construction of buildings, De architectura provides insight into contemporary technical knowledge. One aim of this thesis is to identify the presence of Vitruvian knowledge in imperial Roman structures. De architectura was written during the time of Augustus, therefore Augustan monuments show the immediate impact and relevance of the knowledge presented by Vitruvius. Almost a century later, architectural innovation was a hallmark of Hadrian's reign, but a study of Hadrianic structures demonstrates the longevity of De architectura. A structural analysis of the Teatro Marittimo and Sala dei Filosofi in Hadrian's villa at Tivoli, both influenced by Vitruvian precepts, was carried out to characterize the load distribution in supporting structures. The results of this analysis demonstrate that although Vitruvius gave no quantitative support for his guidelines, his suggestions are structurally sound, even by modem engineering standards.
by Ana S. Escalante.
S.B.

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22

Cellauro, Louis. "Daniele Barbaro and his Venetian editions of Vitruvius of 1556 and 1567." Thesis, Courtauld Institute of Art (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338923.

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23

Varsamis, S. "Spatial palindromes/palindromic spaces : spatial devices in Vitruvius, Mallarmé, Polieri, Perec and Libeskind." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2010. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/20479/.

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This thesis explores non-linear geometric texts and narratives in literature and architecture and the experience of space that is facilitated by them. The research focuses on the palindrome because it is a non-linear mathematical/geometrical device that is found both in literature and architecture. In language, the palindrome is expressed in the geometrical arrangement of words, letters or concepts in the text or the narrative; and, in architecture, as mirrored symmetries or palindromic proportions, measurements and distributions of elements in drawings and buildings. The primary aim of the thesis is to explore the spatial qualities of palindromes, and the experience of those qualities not only in text but also in architecture. This dissertation thus consists of two parts: the first examines Spatial Palindromes in terms of the spatial structures of selected texts and considers their relation to architecture; and the second examines Palindromic Spaces in terms of the spatial experiences created by and through palindromes in text and architecture. The first part, Spatial Palindromes, constructs an original history of the spatial qualities of palindromes by looking at the theory guiding the use of non-linear devices in texts and architecture. This history moves from the use of palindromes in the work of classical figures and scholars (Orpheus, Pythagoras and Vitruvius), to the Medieval and Renaissance practice of mnemonics (Frances Yates, Mary Carruthers), to early twentieth-century structural linguistics (Ferdinand de Saussure) and the group OuLiPo (Raymond Queneau, Franyois Le Lionnais) and, finally, to late twentieth-century post-structural linguistics (Jean Baudrillard.) The thesis argues that palindromes create spatial experiences both in texts and architecture. For this reason the second part, Palindromic Spaces, studies the nature of spatial experience in the fictions and designs of Stephane Mallarme, Jacques Polieri, Georges Perec, and Daniel Libeskind. According to Baudrillard the poetic space, hidden or revealed by the anagram and palindrome, is where the solid structure of language is "exterminated." This act of extermination, or the poetic space that palindrome reveals in language, opens up perception, memory and recollection to a spatial experience "that incorporates the recession of outcomes ad infinitum;" a self-generated, self-consumed or self-reflective conception of history and space that this thesis aims to explore in architecture.

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24

Dayot, Liliane. "Globalisation et projet social : pratiques différentes à l'école élémentaire, Vitruve, Paris 20e." Paris 8, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA080199.

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Pratique "pedagogique", sociale et politique. Bilan d'un travail d'equipe et d'une experience de globalisation dans une strategie de projet social. D'abord le milieu social entre dans l'ecole sous forme de clients du restaurant gere par les enfants, le projet interculturel se developpe, le collectif adultes-enfants autogere les classes vertes. Suite au sejour au portugal, des groupes autonomes de portugais utilisent les locaux scolaires, des enfants travaillent dans une imprimerie. Les departs en petits groupes s'articulent avec la vie de l'ecole. Le projet en decide et la specificite du lieu est ainsi reduite au minimum. C'est la fin d'une ecole coupee de la realite pour que l'enfant vive des situations sociales porteuses de formation. Ce n'est pas "ouverture sur la vie" mais "ouverture dans la vie". Le projet suppose et provoque un changement de statut de l'enfant et une action sur et dans le milieu social; vivre le projet cree neanmoins les meilleures conditions pour l'acquisition de savoir. Ce qui est finalement, en cause c'est le rapport au savoir. La lutte politique contre l'echec, en education implique une revision radicale des modes d'acces au savoir, du statut des enfants et de l'articulation ecole et milieu social. On cree ainsi une rupture socio-politique qui n'est pas de l'ordre de la renovation pedagogique. Cette conception emergeait lorsque l'equipe a eclate. La conjoncture politique etait defavorable et deux strategies se sont developpees dans vitruve, l'elargissementouverture et l'elargissement-renforcement jusqu'a entrainer la rupture. Le bilan de l'action educative pose le probleme du fonctionnement de l'equipe. Denoncer le mythe vitruve, sa statufication, analyser la degenerescence, ne remettent pas en question le travail en equipe
"Pedagogic" practice, social and political. Evaluation of a team work and of an experience of globalization within a strategy of social project. First, the social milieu is introduced in the school in the form of clients of the restaurant administered by the students, the intercultural project is developing, the adults-children collective administer themselves the green classes. Following a stay in porgual, autonomous groups of portuguese use the school locations, children work in a printing press. The departures in small groups articulated with the life of the school. The project decides and the specificity of the site is therefore reduced to its minimum. It is the end of a school cut from the reality to allow the child to live social situations that carry training. It is not the "opening on life", but the "opening in life". The project assumes and provocates a change of the status of the child and an action on and in the social milieu, to live the project creates furthermore the best conditions for the acquirement of knowledge. What is finally concerned is the contribution to knowledge. Political struggle against failure involves in education a radical revision of access modes to knowledge, of the status of children and of the articulation of school and social milieu. We thus create a socio political breach which is not of the pattern of the pedagogic renovation. This conception appears while the team destituted. The political juncture was not favorable and two strategies are developed in vitruve, the opening enlargement and the reinforced enlargement until the ycaused rupture. This evaluation of the educative action arouses the problem of the functioning way of the team. To denounce the vitruve myth, its statufication and to analyze the degenerescence is not a reconsideration of the work within a team

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25

Dayot, Liliane. "Globalisation et projet social pratiques différentes à l'école élémentaire, Vitruve, Paris 20e /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37604290p.

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26

Barba, Sevillano Arturo. "La acústica virtual como herramienta arqueológica. Historia y sonido en el Teatro Principal de Valencia." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/62687.

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[EN] This thesis takes the Teatro Principal Valencia as a sample of study and raises questions to deepen the awareness of its history, architecture and acoustics. Our final objective has been to analyse and reconstruct the acoustic conditions of our theatre in different historical moments, providing a new way of approaching the Valencian architectural heritage with it. In addition to this, we intend to show the potentiality of our current tools of acoustic simulation and auralization for the study of the most widely deployed theatrical architectural typology in Europe in the seventeenth century: Italian baroque theatre. The Teatro Principal Valencia is a representative example of an Italian-style theatre because of meeting each and every formal characteristic that define this building typology. Inaugurated in the year 1832, it is the oldest theatre in Valencia and one of Spain's oldest Italian-style venues, prior even to pioneer projects of the Teatro Real de Madrid (1850), and the Gran Teatre del Liceu de Barcelona (1847). We have carried out archive research data, the screening of press, bibliographical research, as well as document consultation and compilation, planimetry and images (many of them unpublished), which have made the recovery of the history of the Valencian theatrical venue possible, blurred with the passing of time. That represented in itself an objective of this thesis, and as such it is presented in the section on results. This detailed historical study of our theatre has allowed us to select five moments in which its morphological differences could manifest changes in its acoustics: 1832, 1859, 1928, 1968, and 2015. Normalised acoustic measures have been carried out in the Teatro Principal, and we have developed three-dimensional computer models of the five selected morphologies. The current acoustic model has been adjusted with measures on-site. From the aforementioned model, volumetric, geometric measurements and absorption and/or diffusion coefficients have been introduced with the object of virtually revert each architectural intervention that our theatre has experienced, always basing ourselves on documented historical criteria. All of this has allowed us to rebuild the sonic history of the Teatro Principal Valencia, being able to compare the changes that its acoustic parameters have experienced in more than 180 years of its life. As a key outcome to this thesis, the geometrical model of the Teatro Principal has been studied thoroughly on its graphics realism through the use of texturization techniques and virtual photorealistic rendering, achieving a model that can experiment on auralizations in a striking immersive graphic environment (CAVE, PowerWall, etc.), opening the door to new lines of research.
[ES] Este trabajo toma el Teatro Principal de Valencia como materia de estudio y plantea profundizar en el conocimiento de su historia, arquitectura y acústica. Nuestro objetivo final ha sido analizar y reconstruir las condiciones acústicas del teatro en diversos momentos históricos, aportando con ello una novedosa forma de acercamiento al patrimonio arquitectónico valenciano. Pretendemos, además, mostrar la potencialidad de las actuales herramientas de simulación acústica y auralización para el estudio de la tipología arquitectónica teatral más extendida en Europa desde el siglo XVII: el teatro barroco a la italiana. El Teatro Principal de Valencia es un ejemplo paradigmático de teatro a la italiana al reunir todas y cada una de las características formales que definen esta tipología edilicia. Inaugurado en el año 1832, es el decano de los teatros valencianos y uno de los recintos a la italiana en activo más antiguos de España, anterior incluso a los proyectos pioneros del Teatro Real de Madrid (1850) y del Gran Teatre del Liceu de Barcelona (1847). Hemos llevado a cabo trabajos de búsqueda en archivo, vaciados de prensa, investigación bibliográfica, así como consulta y recopilación de documentos, planimetría e imágenes (inéditas muchas de ellas) que han hecho posible la recuperación de la historia del recinto teatral valenciano, desdibujada en gran medida por el paso del tiempo. Todo ello ha constituido en sí mismo un objetivo de esta tesis, y como tal se presenta en el apartado de resultados. Este estudio histórico pormenorizado del teatro nos ha permitido seleccionar cinco momentos en los que sus diferencias morfológicas podrían poner de manifiesto cambios en su acústica: 1832, 1859, 1928, 1968 y 2015. Se han realizado medidas acústicas normalizadas en el teatro y hemos desarrollado modelos informáticos tridimensionales de las cinco morfologías seleccionadas. El modelo acústico actual ha sido ajustado con las medidas in situ. A partir de dicho modelo, se han introducido modificaciones volumétricas, geométricas y de coeficientes de absorción y/o difusión con objeto de revertir virtualmente cada una de las intervenciones arquitectónicas que ha experimentado la sala teatral, siempre basándonos en criterios históricos documentados. Todo ello nos ha permitido reconstruir la historia sonora del Teatro Principal de Valencia, pudiendo comparar los cambios que sus parámetros acústicos han experimentado en sus más de 180 años de vida. Como colofón a la tesis, se ha profundizado en el realismo gráfico del modelo geométrico del Teatro Principal actual mediante el empleo de técnicas de texturización y realidad virtual fotorrealística, habiendo conseguido un modelo que permite experimentar auralizaciones del Teatro Principal en un impactante entorno gráfico inmersivo (CAVE, ProwerWall, etc.) que abre la puerta a nuevas líneas de investigación.
[CAT] Aquest treball pren el Teatre Principal de València com a matèria d'estudi i planteja aprofundir en el coneixement de la seua història, arquitectura i acústica. El nostre objectiu final ha estat analitzar i reconstruir les condicions acústiques del teatre en diversos moments històrics, aportant amb això una nova forma d' apropar-nos al patrimoni arquitectònic valencià. Pretenem, a més, mostrar la potencialitat de les actuals eines de simulació acústica i auralització per a l' estudi de la tipologia arquitectònica teatral més estesa a Europa des del segle XVII: el teatre barroc a la italiana. El Teatre Principal de València és un exemple paradigmàtic de teatre a la italiana ja que reuneix totes i cadascuna de les característiques formals que defineixen aquesta tipologia edilícia. Inaugurat l 'any 1832, es tracta del degà dels teatres valencians i un dels més antics d'Espanya, anterior fins i tot als projectes pioners del Teatro Real de Madrid (1850) i del Gran Teatre del Liceu de Barcelona (1847). Hem dut a terme treballs de recerca en arxiu, buidats de premsa, recerca bibliogràfica, així com consulta i recopilació de documents, planimetria i imatges (moltes inèdites) que han fet possible la recuperació de la història del recinte teatral valencià, desdibuixada en gran mesura pel pas del temps. Tot això ha constituït en si mateix un objectiu d' aquesta tesi, i com a tal l' hem presentat en l' apartat de resultats. Aquest estudi històric del teatre ens ha permès seleccionar cinc moments en què les seues diferències morfològiques podrien posar de manifest canvis en la seua acústica: 1832, 1859, 1928, 1968 i 2015. S'han realitzat mesures acústiques normalitzades al teatre i hem desenvolupat models informàtics tridimensionals de les cinc morfologies seleccionades. El model acústic actual ha estat ajustat amb les mesures in situ. A partir d'aquest model, s'han introduït modificacions volumètriques, geomètriques i de coeficients d'absorció i / o difusió a fi de revertir virtualment cadascuna de les intervencions arquitectòniques que ha experimentat la sala teatral, sempre basant-nos en criteris històrics documentats. Així hem pogut reconstruir la història sonora del Teatre Principal de València i comparar els canvis que els seus paràmetres acústics han experimentat al llarg de la seua vida. Com a colofó de la tesi, hem aprofundit en el realisme gràfic del model geomètric del Teatre Principal actual mitjançant l' ús de tècniques de texturització i realitat virtual fotorealística, havent desenvolupat un model que permet experimentar auralitzacions del Teatre Principal en un impactant entorn gràfic immersiu (CAVE, ProwerWall, etc.) que ens obri la porta a noves línies d' investigació.
Barba Sevillano, A. (2016). La acústica virtual como herramienta arqueológica. Historia y sonido en el Teatro Principal de Valencia [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/62687
TESIS

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27

Nichols, Marden Fitzpatrick. "Vitruvius and the rhetoric of display : wall painting, domestic architecture and Roman self-fashioning." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611534.

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28

Rumble, Lucy Elisabeth. "Of good use or serious pleasure : Vitruvius Britannicus and early eighteenth century architectural discourse." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2001. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/404/.

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Анотація:

The central thesis of this work is that Colen Campbell's three volume Vitruvius Britannicus (1715-25) is not, as it has been frequently seen, a Palladian manifesto designed to change architectural practice in England (and in the process Campbell's own fortunes as an architect), but rather a publication celebrating architectural achievements, consumed by polite society. The twentieth century view of Vitruvius Britannicus, stems from John Surnmerson's seminal work, Architecture in Britain 1530-1830. It posits Vitruvius Britannicus as a stylistic manifesto that served the particular interests of Colen Campbell and his associates as advocates of and builders in the Palladian style, and foregrounds the idea of the author. This view has been incorporated almost unquestioningly into subsequent interpretations not least because it conforms to a powerful 'Whig' interpretation of history emphasising periodisation, style, revolution, development, and the search for origins. In contrast I argue that Vitruvius Britannicus met the demands of a market interested in architecture as a topic of polite conversation. The subscription lists for Vitruvius Britannicus show that it was neither priced to be, nor received as, a builder's manual, nor was it a stylistic manifesto. Rather, it was a celebration of contemporary British architecture that gave pleasure and some instruction to polite society. Drawing on disciplines outside of art and architectural history, I consider Vitruvius Britannicus as an object of consumption offering an alternative reading of the publication that highlights a number of important avenues for further research. Chapter 1 positions the thesis within critiques of stylistic history. Chapter 2 briefly introduces some historiographic issues, and then considers the contents and style of the publication, and the nature of its subscribers. This highlights issues neglected in histories of Vilruvius Britannicus and challenges many of the commonly held conceptions of the publication. These conceptions are then examined in Chapter 3 in the light of evidence and issues raised in the previous chapter. Chapter 4 considers other architectural and illustrated books and positions Campbell's work within wider publishing paradigms such as cartography and a literature of tourism. Chapter 5 outlines some of the intellectual ideas that influenced the way in which publications such as Vitruvius Britannicus were understood. This is developed in Chapter 6 which considers the way in which Vitruvius Britannicus functioned within a contemporary architectural discourse that codified the group identity of a polite elite.

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McIntosh, Gillian Elizabeth. "Re-thinking the Roman Domus: how architects and orators construct self, space, and language." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1061239970.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2003.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 220 p. Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: Erik T. Gunderson, Dept. of Greek and Latin. Includes bibliographical references (p. 203-220).

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Touw, Katrina. "Firmitas re-visited: Permanence in Contemporary Architecture." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/2858.

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This thesis proposes that the concept 'permanence' is relevant at the beginning of the twenty first century. It examines why the term, while perhaps pertinent in addressing the disposability of architecture in Western society, seems anachronistic. The study reviews the seeming inaccessibility of the term in its contested and plural interpretations, and reviews problems in its definition and relevance.

A close examination of definitions, interpretations and contemporary approaches is provided in order to create a conceptual framework that reveals complex implications of the term. Four strategies for understanding the concept are offered: 'realms versus modes', definitions, a distillation of four positions relating to permanence, and an inquiry into contemporary issues relating to the concept. 'Absolute' and 'relative' realms illuminate a scope for permanence, and 'static' and 'dynamic' modes are discussed. A series of definitions are reviewed that reveal nuance in implications. An analysis of four essays on permanence is included, one from the beginning of the twentieth century and three from the end. This section reveals a series of conflicts relating to the way contemporary Western society uses and understands the term.

Permanence within architecture is widely associated with the Vitruvian definition of firmitas: mass and solidity crafted to endure eternally. Vitruvius' employment of 'permanence' is used as a grounding definition and a fundamental reference for the term's evolution into contemporary usage. In observing the endurance of the original Vitruvian term today, a disconnect becomes evident: absolutism in a society defined by relativity. This thesis argues for the critical significance of the term at a pivotal point in history in addressing the problem of disposable architecture on both a cultural and ecological level. Final open-ended questions are raised that consider staggering construction and demolition waste statistics, implying that permanence could play a significant role in effective responses to a global environmental crisis.

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Yzurdiaga, Katherine P. "Reconsidering Firmitas: Durability as an Integral Function of the Sustainably Built Environment." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2014. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/pomona_theses/111.

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Architecture is an inherently functional art – buildings have functions, some more vital than others, beyond the objective of sheer aesthetic appeal. Yet at the same time, aesthetic appeal is an integral part of the human experience that many agree is vital to sustainability objectives, including those of the built environment. Ideally, a building would be able to embody and honor both principles, both form and function, but some contend that in the current architectural climate, the emphasis on beauty has surpassed the importance placed on functionality. This discussion is particularly relevant to sustainability in the built environment: Sustainability as a function, some argue, is often compromised or sacrificed for the sake of the vision of the architect, and faddish concepts of beauty. This, many contend, results in the commodification of our buildings, and quite possibly of sustainability as well. In this thesis, I argue that we can avoid this outcome by employing site-specific and culturally informed design principles, knowledge of sensory perception shaped by the social sciences, and spatially flexible design principles to create architecture that inspires us, roots us, and lasts for multiple generations. Ultimately, this is the core function of a sustainable approach to design – taking into account the entire lifecycle of a product. A new, loose functionalist approach that stresses durability, and is informed by a multidisciplinary approach involving both the humanities and social sciences, could be the key to overcoming the quick obsolescence of styles in a consumptive, aesthetically driven society.

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Silva, Edgard Dias da. "Os conceitos elementares de estatística a partir do homem vitruviano: uma experiência de ensino em ambiente computacional." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2008. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/11300.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T16:58:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Edgard Dias da Silva.pdf: 6317770 bytes, checksum: 90930392a2e7a7fb9fded7ba2d0a5409 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-05-08
Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo
The objective of this study was to investigate the potential of an intervention of education on the concepts of Statistics with elementary students from high school, built from a cultural visit (exhibition of Leonardo Da Vinci), and the environment as a tool complexity. It is a search for embossing qualiquantitative, which followed an almost-experimental model in the format pretest/ intervention/post-test, supplemented by qualitative analysis of the activities carried out during a speech of education. They were subjects of the search 45 students in two classes of the 2 nd grade of high school, a public school in the outskirts of the city of Sao Paulo. The two classes were randomly allocated to the experimental group, which participated in the intervention, the control group, which took its lessons routine. Both groups answered the pre-test simultaneously. Students in the experimental group visited the exhibition "Leonardo Da Vinci - A display of a Genius," focusing on the "Vitruvian man", which explores the various proportions of the human body, then in the classroom, collected their own data (age, gender, number of siblings, weight, height, size of the arms, among others), organizing them into tables and graphs, calculating measures of central tendency, exploring the relationship between the body measures, and finally dealt with the data on the environment using computer Tabletop software. After the speech the two groups answered the post-test. The results showed that the experimental group presented a statistically superior performance in the post-test, this result, combined the results of qualitative assessment allows us to conclude that the intervention of education, based on a work contextualized offered conditions for a significant learning these concepts
O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar as potencialidades de uma intervenção de ensino sobre os conceitos elementares de Estatística com alunos do Ensino Médio, construída a partir de uma visita cultural (exposição de Leonardo Da Vinci), tendo como ferramenta o ambiente computacional. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de cunho quali-quantitativo, que seguiu um modelo quaseexperimental, no formato pré-teste/intervenção/pós-teste, complementada pela análise qualitativa das atividades executadas durante uma intervenção de ensino. Foram sujeitos da pesquisa 45 alunos de duas turmas da 2ª série do Ensino Médio, de uma escola pública da periferia da cidade de São Paulo. As duas turmas foram alocadas aleatoriamente ao grupo experimental, que participou da intervenção e, ao grupo controle, que teve suas aulas rotineiras. Ambos os grupos responderam o pré-teste simultaneamente. Os alunos do grupo experimental visitaram a exposição Leonardo Da Vinci A exibição de um Gênio , focando o Homem Vitruviano , que explora as diversas proporções do corpo humano; depois, na sala de aula, coletaram seus próprios dados (idade, gênero, número de irmãos, peso, altura, envergadura dos braços, dentre outras), organizando-os em tabelas e gráficos, calculando medidas de tendência central, explorando as relações entre as medidas corporais e, finalmente, trataram os dados no ambiente computacional utilizando o software Tabletop. Após a intervenção os dois grupos responderam o pós-teste. Os resultados mostraram que o grupo experimental apresentou um desempenho estatisticamente superior no pós-teste, esse resultado, aliado aos resultados da avaliação qualitativa nos permite concluir que a intervenção de ensino, baseado num trabalho contextualizado ofereceu condições para uma aprendizagem significativa desses conceitos

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33

Alfert, Klaus. "Vitruv: specifying temporal aspects of multimedia presentations : a transformational approach based on intervals /." Aachen : Shaker, 2003. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=015751088&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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34

Smith, Brian G. "Two Highly Diverse Studies In Computing: A Vitruvian Framework For Distribution And A Search Approach To Cancer Therapies." DigitalCommons@USU, 2008. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/136.

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Solid cancer tumors must recruit new blood vessels for growth and maintenance. Discovering drugs that block this tumor-induced development of new blood vessels (angiogenesis) is an important approach in cancer treatment. However, the complexity of angiogenesis and the difficulty in implementing and evaluating medical changes prevent the discovery of novel and effective new therapies. This paper presents a massively parallel computational search-based approach for the discovery of novel potential cancer treatments, using a high fidelity simulation of angiogenesis. Discovering new therapies is viewed as multi-objective combinatorial optimization over two competing objectives: minimizing the medical cost of the intervention while minimizing the oxygen provided to the cancer tumor by angiogenesis. Results show the effectiveness of the search process in finding simple interventions that are currently in use and more interestingly, discovering some new approaches that are counterintuitive yet effective. Distributed systems are becoming more prevalent as the demand for connectivity increases. Developers are faced with the challenge of creating software systems that meet these demands and adhere to good software practices. Technologies of today aid developers in this, but they may cause applications to suffer performance problems and require developers to abandon basic software concepts, such as modularization, performance, and maintainability. This work presents the Vitruvian framework that provides solutions to common distribution goals, and distributes applications using replication and transparency at varying stages of application development.

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35

BINDA, LAURA. "NUOVE RICERCHE PER LA BIOGRAFIA E LA PRODUZIONE STORIOGRAFICA DI CARLO BIANCONI (1732-1802)." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/18751.

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Nuovi dati e considerazioni sulla biografia e gli scritti di Carlo Bianconi che emergono principalmente dallo spoglio di materiale archivistico inedito. Con questo studio viene ad essere chiarita la fase formativa di Bianconi cresciuto in una casa di bibliofili e collezionisti d’arte. Aggiornato sulle elaborazioni teoriche di Winckelmann e Mengs entrambi conosciuti personalmente, lo vedono progressivamente avvicinarsi e aderire ai modi del classicismo, mediato anche dal rapporto instaurato con Francesco Algarotti, a cui viene in questa sede ridato valore. Uno spiraglio viene aperto sul biennio trascorso a Roma, la frequentazione del cardinale Albani e sul viaggio a Napoli con importanti risvolti per la sua maturazione intellettuale. Seguono i motivi della scelta di Bianconi a segretario dell’Accademia di Brera, le sue iniziative a livello didattico e il rapporto con Carlo di Firmian. Vengono, di volta in volta ricordati i suoi numerosi corrispondenti, la sua produzione figurativa e soprattutto commentati i suoi scritti editi (guide di Bologna e Milano) e inediti (Vitruvio, scritti teorici sull’origine dell’architettura e dell’incisione, orazioni) e riconsiderata la collaborazione all’Enciclopedia Metodica di Pietro Zani. Artista, collezionista, scrittore d’arte e insegnante, immerso in una temperie di matrice razionalista è precoce assertore dei dettami del nuovo gusto per il classico.
New information and analysis about Carlo Bianconi’s biography and writings mainly appear from unpublished archival material bare. This work allows to clarify the education of Bianconi, who grew up in a family of bibliophiles and art collectors. He kept abreast of theoretical development of Winckelmann and Mengs, who personally knew and he gradually moved closer and accepted the models of the classicism that was also mediated by the relationship established with Francesco Algarotti, who is here reevaluate. Regarding his two-year period spent in Rome, the relationship with the Cardinal Albani and moreover his trip to Naples, a glimmer is opened, with important implications for his intellectual maturity. Furthermore, there are: the reason regarding the choice of Bianconi as Secretary of the Academy of Brera, his educational initiatives and the relationship with Carlo di Firmian. From time to time, his many correspondents, his figurative works of art and especially his published writings were commented (for example the guide of Bologna and Milan) and his unpublished writings (such as Vitruvius, theoretical writings on the origin of architecture and engraving, orations) are remembered and also the collaboration with the Enciclopedia Metodica of Pietro Zani is reconsidered. Artist, collector, art writer and teacher, immersed in a climate of a Rationalism, he is a early supporter of the new taste for the classic.

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36

BINDA, LAURA. "NUOVE RICERCHE PER LA BIOGRAFIA E LA PRODUZIONE STORIOGRAFICA DI CARLO BIANCONI (1732-1802)." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/18751.

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Nuovi dati e considerazioni sulla biografia e gli scritti di Carlo Bianconi che emergono principalmente dallo spoglio di materiale archivistico inedito. Con questo studio viene ad essere chiarita la fase formativa di Bianconi cresciuto in una casa di bibliofili e collezionisti d’arte. Aggiornato sulle elaborazioni teoriche di Winckelmann e Mengs entrambi conosciuti personalmente, lo vedono progressivamente avvicinarsi e aderire ai modi del classicismo, mediato anche dal rapporto instaurato con Francesco Algarotti, a cui viene in questa sede ridato valore. Uno spiraglio viene aperto sul biennio trascorso a Roma, la frequentazione del cardinale Albani e sul viaggio a Napoli con importanti risvolti per la sua maturazione intellettuale. Seguono i motivi della scelta di Bianconi a segretario dell’Accademia di Brera, le sue iniziative a livello didattico e il rapporto con Carlo di Firmian. Vengono, di volta in volta ricordati i suoi numerosi corrispondenti, la sua produzione figurativa e soprattutto commentati i suoi scritti editi (guide di Bologna e Milano) e inediti (Vitruvio, scritti teorici sull’origine dell’architettura e dell’incisione, orazioni) e riconsiderata la collaborazione all’Enciclopedia Metodica di Pietro Zani. Artista, collezionista, scrittore d’arte e insegnante, immerso in una temperie di matrice razionalista è precoce assertore dei dettami del nuovo gusto per il classico.
New information and analysis about Carlo Bianconi’s biography and writings mainly appear from unpublished archival material bare. This work allows to clarify the education of Bianconi, who grew up in a family of bibliophiles and art collectors. He kept abreast of theoretical development of Winckelmann and Mengs, who personally knew and he gradually moved closer and accepted the models of the classicism that was also mediated by the relationship established with Francesco Algarotti, who is here reevaluate. Regarding his two-year period spent in Rome, the relationship with the Cardinal Albani and moreover his trip to Naples, a glimmer is opened, with important implications for his intellectual maturity. Furthermore, there are: the reason regarding the choice of Bianconi as Secretary of the Academy of Brera, his educational initiatives and the relationship with Carlo di Firmian. From time to time, his many correspondents, his figurative works of art and especially his published writings were commented (for example the guide of Bologna and Milan) and his unpublished writings (such as Vitruvius, theoretical writings on the origin of architecture and engraving, orations) are remembered and also the collaboration with the Enciclopedia Metodica of Pietro Zani is reconsidered. Artist, collector, art writer and teacher, immersed in a climate of a Rationalism, he is a early supporter of the new taste for the classic.

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37

Alfert, Klaus [Verfasser]. "Vitruv: Specifying Temporal Aspects of Multimedia Presentations : A Transformational Approach based on Intervals / Klaus Alfert." Aachen : Shaker, 2003. http://d-nb.info/1172611459/34.

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38

Lindholm, Henrik. "Axis Mundi." Thesis, Konstfack, Inredningsarkitektur & Möbeldesign, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:konstfack:diva-3657.

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Axis Mundi - Ett examensarbete som undersöker om tvärvetenskap kan användas som alternativ process i skapandet av arkitektur. I arbetet formgavs en helig struktur efter den tvärvetenskapliga undersökningen, som sedan användes som en scenografi i en dansfilm.

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39

Manenti, Leandro. "Repensando vitrúvio : reflexão acerca de princípios e procedimentos de projeto." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/97848.

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Este trabalho propõe-se a retomar os seis conceitos fundamentais relacionados ao projeto arquitetônico descritos por Vitrúvio em seu tratado De architectura no século I a.C. Analisando a bibliografia a respeito do autor romano, identificam-se, ainda hoje, lacunas nos entendimentos a respeito da teoria do projeto, sendo estas motivadoras do aprofundamento proposto. A partir do mapeamento completo das ocorrências dos conceitos de ordinatio, dispositio, eurythmia, symmetria, decor e distributio no texto do tratado, bem como dos demais conceitos correlatos, o estudo procura levantar e discutir os possíveis entendimentos, que, na sequência, são confrontados com as descrições de projetos também contidas no tratado. A partir deste cotejo, procura-se validar os princípios e procedimento de projeto segundo Vitrúvio, além de contribuir para a discussão do fazer arquitetônico de forma ampla.
This study resumes the six fundamental concepts related to architectural design described by Vitruvius in his treatise De architectura in the first century BC. Analyzing the literature about the Roman author, it is possible to identify, still today, shortcomings in the understanding of the design theory, which are motivators to the proposed in depth study. From the complete mapping of the occurrences of the concepts of ordinatio, dispositio, eurythmia, symmetria, decor and distributio in the text of the treatise, as well as other related concepts, the study seeks to raise and discuss the possible understandings, which in sequence are confronted with descriptions of the projects also contained in the treatise. From this comparison, the study aims at validating the principles and procedures of designing according to Vitruvius as well as contributing to the discussion of architectural making in a broad sense.

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40

Benzineb, Baya. "La triade vitruvienne revisitée à travers l'exemple de l'architecture d'Hervé Tordjman : la place de l'art et de la technique dans le processus de conception." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAH005/document.

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La triade de Vitruve revisitée à travers l’exemple de l’architecture d’Hervé Tordjman. La place de l’art et de la technique dans le processus de conception. Aujourd’hui, la conception de l’architecture demeure comme à son origine, dépendante de l’interaction des trois qualités indissociables de Vitruve : firmitas, utilitas et venustas, considérées autrefois indispensables à l’acte de concevoir. L’incarnation de cette triade dans le processus créatif des concepteurs contemporains que nous avons étudiés dans le cadre de cette thèse, qu’ils soient architectes-ingénieurs-artistes, architectes-artistes ou architectes-ingénieurs, est assujettie d’une part, aux mécanismes cognitifs : le modèle et la pensée analogique ; et d’autre part aux compétences et postures de chacun.Toutefois, en dépit de ce caractère personnel du processus conceptuel, ces trois qualités qui jadis devaient être articulées par une seule personne (l’architecte), se trouvent aujourd’hui menées à l’unisson selon un processus collectif.En effet, grâce aux nouvelles technologies numériques actuelles, l’architecte et les ingénieurs sont mobilisés dans un processus dit collaboratif abolissant ainsi les frontières entre « parti » architectural et « idée constructive », architecture et construction. A travers l’analyse de l’œuvre de l’architecte parisien Hervé Tordjman (1975), il faut souligner l’importance qu’acquiert la « firmitas » dans le processus de création en s’intégrant harmonieusement avec les autres composantes (utilitas et venustas). Ainsi, le point de vue de l’auteur et de chaque acteur de la chaine de conception devient partie intégrante dans le processus. Une telle articulation collective de la trinité vitruvienne dans la pratique contemporaine du projet marque une évolution dans la façon de concevoir l’acte architectural et non une rupture
Vitruvian triad revisited through the example of the architecture of Hervé Tordjman. The place of art and technique in the design process. Today, the design of architecture remains as to its origin, dependent on the interaction of three inseparable qualities stated by Vitruvius: firmitas, utilitas and venustas, once considered essential to the act of conceiving. The embodiment of this triad in the creative process of contemporary designers that is the concern of this thesis, both artists-architects-engineers, architects or artists-architects-engineers, is subject on the one hand, to cognitive mechanisms: the model and analogical thinking; and secondly to individual skills and postures.However, despite this personal character of the design process, these three qualities which once had to be articulated by one person (i.e. the architect), are now conducted in unison as a collective process.Indeed, thanks to new existing digital technologies, the architect and engineers are mobilized in a process said collaborative that abolishes the boundaries between the architectural part and the constructive system that is architecture and construction. Through the analysis of the work of the Parisian architect Hervé Tordjman (1975), we must emphasize the importance acquired by the "firmitas" in the creation process by being harmoniously integrated with other components (utilitas and venustas). Thus, the author’s view as well as that of each player in the design chain becomes part in the process. Such a collective articulation of the Vitruvian trinity in the contemporary practice project marks an evolution in how to design the architectural act, not a rupture

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41

Petiot, Damien. ""Templum [...] maximum et primarium est urbis ornamentum". Architecture et cadre urbain des églises dans les traités, les villes neuves et les aménagements urbains de l'Italie de la Renaissance (1450-1615)." Thesis, Tours, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUR2028.

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Édifice emblématique de la Renaissance, l’église fut au coeur des réflexions théoriques des architectes italiens. Leur pensée, émanant directement du De architectura de Vitruve et de ses nombreuses éditions renaissantes, accorde également à la ville un rôle majeur dans l’élaboration d’une communauté humaine idéale. Il n’est donc guère étonnant que les deux thèmes, architecture religieuse et art urbain, se rencontrent dans la théorie comme dans la pratique pour magnifier la demeure divine. Toutefois, loin d’être mis à l’écart, le lieu de culte s’insère au sein d’un réseau viaire dense et complexe qu’il faut analyser soigneusement pour juger au mieux de la place accordée à ce type de monuments. Située à proximité d’autres symboles du pouvoir, tels que les palais seigneuriaux et communaux, l’église instaure un dialogue ambivalent avec ces derniers. De même, la place et/ou l’avenue qui la précèdent peuvent aussi bien contribuer à son isolement qu’à son intégration urbaine. Au fil des lectures, les concepts même d’architecture religieuse et de cadre urbain apparaissent donc polysémiques. Et l’analyse des constructions de la Renaissance ne clarifie en rien la situation. S’appuyant sur des sources variées (traités d’architecture, ouvrages d’humaniste, dessins, plans, etc.) le présent travail tend à interroger les valeurs multiples des lieux de culte de la Renaissance. Leur cadre urbain contribue-t-il nécessairement, comme l’affirme Alberti, à en faire les principaux embellissements de la cité ?
Symbolic edifice of the Renaissance, the church was fundamental in Italian architects’ theoretical reflexions. Their thought, based on Vitruvius’ De architectura and its numerous Renaissance editions, attributes also a great importance to the town in the development of an ideal human community. There’s nothing surprising about that both topics, religious architecture and town planning, meet each other in the theory as in the pratice to glorify the God’s house. However, not at all isolated, the place of worship is inserted in a concentrated urban network. Located close to other symbols of power, like seigneurial castle and local council, the church establishes an ambivalent dialogue with them. Similarly, the town square and the avenue can contribute to its isolated location or its urban integration. Therefore, the notions of religious architecture and town planning appear polysemous. Relying on varied sources (treatises, humanists’ writings, drawings, plans, etc.) the present thesis strives to examine the numerous values of Renaissance’s churches. Does their urban setting participate to make the church the city’s greatest and noblest ornament, as claimed by Alberti ?

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Viola, Antonio. "Architecture et connaissances : ou l'architecture comme "encyclios disciplina" : le traité "De architectura" de Vitruve : une enquête d'ordre historique et herméneutique." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010544.

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La recherche formalise le lien possible entre deux univers cognitifs: l'organisation des savoirs de l'architecture et le modèle encyclopédique. Ce vaste champ de réflexion s'articule autour de la comparaison entre deux formes cognitives spécifiques: d'une part, l'organisation des connaissances employée par Vitruve dans son De Architectura ; d'autre part, le nouveau modèle encyclopédique. Modèle qui trouve ses marques au sein d'une famille d'expériences toutes héritières du modèle de l'Encyclopédie de Diderot et d'Alembert. Au travers d'un travail historique et herméneutique, nous avons interprété les objets du De Architectura en tant que formes (catégorielles, syntactiques et sémantiques) de la connaissance ; nous avons décrit les modèles de leur transmission ( disciplinaires, d'enseignement, encyclopédiques) de manière à formaliser un modèle de connaissance comparable à celui de l'Encyclopédie.

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43

Plačko, Michal. "Sledování lidské postavy ve videosekvenci." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-220561.

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This thesis deals with human body detection and gestures tracking in videosequences. First, processing of videosequences in general is described. Further, different methods of human body detection are described and represented by significant papers. The most of the attention is focused on detection by real AdaBoost algorithm based on Haar-like features and Edgelet features. The practical part starts with selection of method that is implemented in this thesis. This method is detection by real AdaBoost based on Haar-like features. Further, different options of videosequence processing in JAVA are researched with justification of choice OpenCV library with JavaCV wrapper, which is used in this thesis. In the end, application itself is described, including description of GUI and description of each class and its functionality.

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44

Patry, Delphine. "Histoire d’un idéal. L’autonomie des élèves dans l’enseignement public français (1959-2019) : les expériences de l’École Vitruve et du Lycée Autogéré de Paris." Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTS094.

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Cette thèse analyse l’histoire de l’autonomie des élèves comme idéal et comme pratique pédagogique au sein de l’enseignement public français de 1959 jusqu’à nos jours à partir de l’étude de deux établissements singuliers : l’École Vitruve et le Lycée Autogéré de Paris. Notion polysémique, aux multiples définitions et aux contours fluctuants, nous avons fait le choix d’analyser l’autonomie dans le domaine éducatif. À partir d’un plan chronologique, nous avons étudié l’autonomie comme une référence de l’Éducation nouvelle, une vision idéalisée de l’éducation, un levier de transformation sociale, une pratique de classe et une finalité éducative.Dans une démarche socio-historique, à partir des archives des établissements et d’entretiens, nous avons pu étudier les discours et les pratiques mises en œuvre depuis la création de ces établissements qui ont fait le choix de faire de l’autonomie la colonne vertébrale de leurs projets. Nous avons pu préciser le rôle de Robert Gloton dans cette dynamique. L’étude des liens entre ces deux expériences spécifiques et l’institution scolaire nous est apparue révélatrice de certaines mutations du système éducatif public français. Dans cette étude l’autonomie apparaît bien comme un idéal toujours présent dans l’éducation, mais aussi une question socialement vive avec une définition toujours sujette à controverses et débats. Néanmoins, l’autonomie comme finalité éducative, reste un enjeu primordial de compréhension des débats actuels et futurs
This thesis analyses the history of student’s autonomy as an ideal and pedagogical practice within French public education from 1959 to the present day, based on the study of two singular educational institutions: the Ecole Vituve and the Lycée Autogéré de Paris. A polysemous notion, with multiple definitions and fluctuating contours, we have chosen to analyse autonomy in the educational field. Based on a chronological plan, we studied autonomy as a reference for the New education, an idealized vision of education, a lever for social transformation, classroom practice and an educational finality. In a social-historical approach, based on the archives of the institutions and interviews, we were able to study the discourses and practices implemented since the creation of these institutions, which have chosen to make autonomy the backbone of their projects. We were able to clarify Robert Gloton's role in this dynamic. The study of the links between these two specific experiences and the school institution seemed to us to reveal certain changes in the French public education system. In this study, autonomy appears to be an ideal that is always present in education, but also controversial issue with a definition that is always subject to controversies and debates. Nevertheless, autonomy as an educational goal remains a main issue in understanding current and future debates

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45

Calil, Marcos Rogerio. "Astronomia de Vitrúvio e a datação da sua época." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2013. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/13281.

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Born in the surrounding areas of Rome between 85 and 80 BC, Vitruvius has written The Ten Books on Architecture. The period, possibly, dates between the end of the Republic and the beginning of Augustus principality. Between 29 and 27 BC, after had written the main text of his work, Vitruvius saw the need of preface and dedicate his treaty to Augustus Caesar. Inserted on this accented political movement, Vitruvius publishes, in 27 BC, his work. For Vitruvius, the science of the architect is compounded by several disciplines and different types of knowledge, being necessary have acquaintance in literary art, science of drawing, geometry, arithmetic, historical facts, philosophy, music, medicine and astronomy, since all this disciplines have, among them, connection and communication. In fact, Vitruvius proofs on its work that managed all these knowledge areas. From The Ten Books on Architecture, the book 9 is dedicated to Astronomy, objectifying the comprehension of sundials systems. The complex construction of its analemma, a pre-construction of the sundials, brings several Astronomy concepts practiced on that time. And based on these concepts we determined the year of 47 BC as the year the ninth book was written. Besides, through the historical debate occurred among the vitruvian scholars, we determined the year Vitruvius has born, died, written, prefaced and dedicated his work. We present, in the first chapter, an abstract of the Ten Books of Vitruvius, the different trajectories of the vitruvian editions since the IX century until the present date and 16 editions we consider significant for any vitruvian scholar. In the second chapter, we analyze the historical process about the debate among scholars, referent to the date Vitruvius lived and wrote his work. In the third chapter, we analyzed the book 9, objectifying localize Astronomy contents described by Vitruvius, of which, thereafter, assisted us to conclude which year he wrote this book. Finally, in the chapter 4, the conclusion is made based on the studies of theorists presented in the chapter 2 and the concepts of Astronomy presented in chapter 3, we determined the year Vitruvius has born, died, written, prefaced and dedicated his work
Nascido nas regiões próximas à Roma, entre 85 a 80 a.e.c. Vitrúvio redigiu a obra Dez Livros de Arquitetura. O período, possivelmente, data entre o final da República e o começo do principado de Augusto. Entre 29 a 27 a.e.c, após ter escrito o texto principal da obra, Vitrúvio vê a necessidade de prefaciar e dedicar seu tratado para Augusto César. Inserido nessa acentuada movimentação política, Vitrúvio publica, em 27 a.e.c. sua obra. Para Vitrúvio, a ciência do arquiteto é ornada de muitas disciplinas e de vários saberes, sendo necessário ter conhecimento em arte literária, ciência do desenho, geometria, aritmética, fatos históricos, filosofia, música, medicina e astronomia, pois todas essas disciplinas tem, entre si, ligação e comunicação. De fato, Vitrúvio prova na sua obra que era munido de todos esses saberes. Dos Dez Livros de Arquitetura, o livro 9 é dedicado para a Astronomia, objetivando a compreensão do sistema dos relógios solares. A complexa construção do seu analema, uma pré construção dos relógios solares, traz consigo diversos conceitos de Astronomia praticados na época. E foi com base nesses conceitos que determinamos o ano de 47 a.e.c. como sendo o ano de redação do nono livro. Além disso, através do debate histórico ocorrido entre os estudiosos vitruvianos, determinamos o ano em que Vitrúvio nasceu, faleceu, redigiu, prefaciou e dedicou sua obra. Apresentamos, no primeiro capítulo, um resumo dos Dez Livros de Vitrúvio, as diferentes trajetórias das edições vitruvianas durante os séculos IX até apresente data e 16 edições que consideramos significativas para qualquer estudioso vitruviano. No segundo capítulo, analisamos o processo histórico sobre o debate entre os estudiosos, referente à data que Vitrúvio viveu e redigiu sua obra. No terceiro capítulo, analisamos o livro 9, objetivando localizar conteúdos de Astronomia descritos por Vitrúvio, os quais, mais a frente, nos auxiliaram a concluir a determinação do ano que ele redigiu esse livro. Por fim, no capítulo 4, a conclusão é realizada com base nos estudos dos teóricos apresentados no capítulo 2 e dos conceitos de Astronomia apresentados no capítulo 3, determinamos o ano que Vitrúvio nasceu, faleceu, redigiu, prefaciou e dedicou sua obra

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46

Lima, Clovis Antonio Benedini. "Ratio Venustatis: razões da beleza nos livros I e III do De Architectvra de Vitrúvio." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16133/tde-03102015-122813/.

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Segundo Vitrúvio, a arquitetura deve se orientar pelos princípios de firmeza, utilidade e venustidade. Procurou-se perquirir de que modo a ratio uenustatis se insere no De Architectura e o papel desempenhado. Em torno da noção de uenustas reúnem-se termos - tais como: species, aspectus, aspiciens, figura, uisus, oculus - concernentes às preocupações visuais dirigidas às obras, indicadas já nas definições fundamentais da arquitetura - ordinatio, dispositio, eurythmia, symmetria, decor e distributio. Lê-se no Livro III que o aspectus da obra lhe confere autoridade (auctoritas), e o templo eustilo pseudodíptero se afigura como exemplo maior na preceptiva. Mas é preciso contar antes com a auctoritas do arquiteto, para isso instruído nas letras (litterae), dentre variadas artes e erudições, e apto simultaneamente ao fazer e ao raciocinar (fabrica et ratiocinatio). As autoridades egrégias (egregias auctoritates) prometidas no primeiro exórdio à majestade do poder conduzido pelo Imperator, por ocasião dos esforços empreendidos na construção pública, dizem respeito às oportunidades e vantagens (opportunitas) advindas de uma adequada ordenação dos recintos urbanos (moenia) - desde a escolha do sítio até a determinação das obras de uso comum -, demonstrando-se intrinsecamente conexas à diligência no campo das venustidades, que permeia os demais âmbitos da arte edificatória.
According to Vitruvius, architecture must be oriented by the principles of firmitas, utilitas and uenustas. We tried to question how the ratio uenustatis is inserted in the De Architectura and its role. There are some terms which are gathered around the concept of uenustas - such as: species, aspectus, aspiciens, figura, uisus, oculus - concerning the visual matters directed to the building works, already indicated by the architecture\'s fundamental definitions - ordinatio, dispositio, eurythmia, symmetria, decor and distributio. As it is witten in Book III, the aspectus bestows aucthority (auctoritas) on the building and the eustylos pseudodipteros temple appears as a major exemplum in the set of preceptions. But before it is necessary to the authorized work to count upon the architect\'s authority, to that instructed in the litterae, among varied arts and eruditions, and apt at the same time to fabrica and ratiocinatio. The prominent authority (egregias auctoritates) promised to the majesty of the power lead by the Imperator in the first exordium, on the occasion of the efforts undertaken in the public building, are concerned with the opportuniies and advantages (opportunitas) issued from an adequate arrangement of the limited urban area (moenia) - from the selection of the site to the common use buildings settlement - showing themselves intrinsically connected with the heed of the ratio uenustatis that permeates the other fields of the ars aedificatoria.

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47

Serrero, Françoise. "Vitruve 1982-1995, les annees jean marc regard sur une ecole publique qui reflechit a la construction des savoirs et a l'apprentissage de la citoyennete." Paris 7, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA070105.

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Au carrefour de l'ethnodeveloppement de robert jaulin et de l'ethnomethodologie de yves lecerf telles que ces deux disciplines furent developpees dans les annees 1980/1990 par le departement d'ethnologie de l'universite de paris 7, et dans la lignee de la recherche-action en science de l'education, cette these s'efforce de saisir dans sa diversite et ses contradictions un moment de l'ecole primaire publique vitruve (paris 20ʿ) qui travaille depuis 1962 a produire de l'innovation pedagogique dans la tradition de l'education nouvelle. Par la presentation integrale d'entretiens et de reunions d'equipe enregistres au magnetophone, par le recit de ses propres processus de decouverte, une analyse de sa demarche collaborative et une enquete documentee sur les sources de la pensee d'un enseignantrenovateur, jean marc, l'auteur propose un rapport a l'ecoute et aux lectures possibles vers une histoire de l'histoire des idees. Le discours de jean marc est presente et analyse selon deux axes et deux periodes : 1/ 1992-93 : jean marc, instituteur de la republique raconte et analyse sa pratique sur l'apprentissage de la citoyennete et de la democratie et sur l'evolution du statut de l'enfant. 2/ 1994-95 : jean marc, praticien-chercheur essaye de transmettre a l'equipe d'instituteurs qui co-gere l'ecole avec lui, les methodes de sa recherche et ses principes de coherence. La recherche de jean marc porte sur la "globalisation" et tente d'harmoniser les acquisitions, la construction du social et la demarche de projet a l'aide des traditions positivistes, rationalistes et marxistes de la france des annees 70. La recherche de l'auteur s'attache a proposer des moyens pour multiplier les lectures possibles par l'introduction de plusieurs tables des matieres, d'un appareil de notes important, par la mise en concordance des concepts et l'etablissement de liens hypertextes. Elle doit conduire a la realisation d'une archive cd rom.

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48

Michael, Richard J. "Restriking the Vitruvian Balance in Residential Architecture through the Incorporation of Sustainable and Regionally Appropriate Design Fundamentals: Designing, Building and Operating a Passive Solar Residence in the Sonoran Desert." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/190385.

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The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impacts on architectural form, function, and appearance of a case study residence in which the concepts of sustainability and sustainable architecture were incorporated as one of the primary design fundamentals. The case study residence located in the arid southwestern United States is an approximately 2,068 square foot home built for a family of five with four bedrooms and two bathrooms and a separate attached guest bedroom and bath. This paper will provide an overview and analysis of the residence in terms of: 1) the original project values and goals as represented by the design and computer energy modeling process and 2) the project results as captured by the qualities (structural and aesthetic) of the final constructed physical form and its post-occupancy quantitative performance (functional, spatial, and resource conservation) as measured by the home’s over two years of monitoring and use.

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49

Mafra, Adriano Vilela. "O Cosmos no Corpus : Vitrúvio e as estruturas do universo no tratado da arquitetura." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFABC, 2017.

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Orientadora: Profª. Drª. Anastasia Guidi Itokazu
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia, São Bernardo do Campo, 2017.
A pesquisa investiga a arquitetura do universo tal como proposta por Vitrúvio no século I a.C. São apresentadas as artes e disciplinas da arquitetura vinculadas às práticas da gnomônica e o contexto que envolve o arquiteto na Antiguidade, tal como alguns aspectos políticos e religiosos que integram o discurso das estruturas do universo descritas no Tratado de Arquitetura. São desenvolvidas as questões que envolvem o livro como objeto traduzido e transformado ao longo de milhares de anos e algumas reflexões quanto aos desenhos e as pinturas mencionadas na obra. Também temos os comentários e desenvolvimentos das questões quanto à cosmologia junto às elaborações de mapas e ilustrações a partir do conteúdo descrito pelo arquiteto. Foram pesquisadas as teorias de autores que antecedem o período da obra e que forneceram os ensinamentos para a execução das enxertias de Vitrúvio, assim como também se buscou aplicar os termos que são apresentadas como definições constitutivas da arquitetura, ao considerarmos o livro como um produto desta arte.
The present research investigates the architecture of the universe as proposed by Vitruvius in the first century BC. The arts and disciplines of architecture related to the practices of gnomonics and the context surrounding the architect in Antiquity are presented, as well as some political and religious aspects that end up integrating the discourse about the structures of the universe as described in the Treatise on Architecture. The book is hereby presented as an object translated and transformed over thousands of years and some reflections on the drawings and paintings are proposed. Comments and developments regarding the cosmology required for the elaborations of maps and illustrations are also examined in the text provided by the architect. Finally, some of the the theories of authors that precede the period of the work and who provided the teachings for Vitruvius' graftings were investigated, as well the applications tof terms that are presented as constitutive definitions of the architecture, the book being taken as a product of this art.

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50

Guzzo, Eleonora. "Le tombeau de Jean-Jacques Rousseau au Panthéon : du mythe de la cabane rustique de Vitruve à sa fortune dans l'iconographie des traités d'architecture entre XVe et XVIIIe siècle." Paris, EPHE, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EPHE4027.

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La thèse porte sur l'étude du tombeau de Jean-Jacques Rousseau dans la crypte du Panthéon français. Le sujet du tombeau de Rousseau au Panthéon n'avait pas été exploité du point de vue de l'historiographie et nous n'avions pas encore conscience de l'importance que ce monument détient au sein de la théorie architecturale en concernant l'iconographie de la capanna magistra. L'enquête clarifie les motivations et les vicissitudes de la translation de l'Ile de Peupliers, où le corps du philosophe avait été enterré en 1778, au Panthéon des Grands hommes en 1794. Cet épisode s'inscrit dans le panorama des fêtes nationales des premières années de la République. Dans le cas de la cérémonie dédiée à Rousseau, grâce aux témoignages de l'époque, aux rapports officiels, aux reportages de presse et aux documents iconographiques, nous examinons les détails des étapes de l'itinéraire, des cortèges, des mises en scène villageoises et urbaines, des apparats éphémères. Etant constaté le manque de dessin originaire, cette étude avance, pour la première fois, des hypothèses argumentées sur les rôles d'Auguste Cheval de Saint-Hubert, de Jean-Thomas Thibault et sur la possible colonnes en forme d'arbres qui caractérisent le temple rustique, dont le tombeau prend l'apparence, évoquent les illustrations des traités d'architecture de la tradition italienne et française du XVe au XVIIIe siècle. Elles rappellent les premières demeures de l'homme qui vient juste de sortir de l'état de nature et la première révolution théorisée par Rousseau. Au modèle de la cabane originaire sont dédiées trois anthologies d'images et textes qui analysent ce concept à partir du De architectura de Vitruve jusqu'aux interprétations de la Renaissance et à leurs filiations françaises au siècle des Lumières. De l'examen systématique de ce recueil, nous mettons en évidence les points de contact mais aussi la distance entre architectes et philosophes, entre époques et contextes culturels différents
The thesis concerns the study of Jean-Jacques Rousseau's tombeau in the crypt of Pantheon in Paris, a subject still unexploited. The formal characteristics of the wooden monument, a small scale rustic temple, are observed and framed within the context of the iconographic tradition of the origins of architecture with te Vitruvian Hut as its archetype. The role played by architects Auguste Cheval de Saint-Hubert and Jean-Thomas Thibault in the conception of the tomb has been analysed, based on original documents uncovered in french archives and supported by a punctual analysis of many types of resources. The possible participation of Antoine-Chrysostome Quatremère de Quincy for the development of the concept of the monument is also included as part of the debate about the organisation, in octobre 1794, of the ceremony in honour of Rousseau. Morever, an architectural survey has been executed in the context of this work, in order to study the proportions of the monuments that strongly resembles a wooden rustic temple. This survey reveals several interesting connections with the Classical Order System (specifically the Tuscan Order) theorised upon within the literature. The tree-shaped wooden columns of the tombeau recall directly Vitruvius' description of the first human-built structure, so similar to the one Laugier tries to illustrate in the frontispiece of his treatise and very near to the primitive house after the first revolution theorised by Rousseau himself

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