Статті в журналах з теми "Visual work load"
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1
Wang, Xueke, Steven A. Lavender, and Carolyn Sommerich. "The Effects of Load Stability and Visual Access During Asymmetric Lifting Tasks on Back and Upper Extremity Biomechanical Responses." Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 61, no. 5 (December 6, 2018): 712–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018720818814107.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objective: To explore the change of muscular and biomechanical responses in different load stability and visual access conditions during an asymmetric lifting task. Background: Previous studies found that lifting unstable loads resulted in changes to the biomechanical loads experienced by the spine and upper extremities. However, researchers have not extensively investigated behaviors when people lift potentially unstable loads. It was hypothesized that lifting a potentially unstable load can lead to changes in lifting behavior, which may be mitigated by visual access to the load. Method: Fourteen volunteers lifted either a stable load or a potentially unstable load that could move within the container during the lifting task. In half of the lifting conditions, the box was covered to restrict visual access when lifting. Spine kinematic and kinetic measures and surface electromyographic (EMG) signals from back, shoulder, and arm muscles were obtained. Results: Lifts of the stable load were faster and generally had higher peak muscle activations than lifts of the potentially unstable load. Participants had less spine flexion when handling the potentially unstable load without visual access. Conclusion: When lifting and moving a potentially unstable load that could lead to a perturbation, people tended to lift the container more slowly comparing with lifting a stable load, which in turn reduced the peak muscle activities. Application: In industry, there are many work situations where workers need to lift or carry unstable loads that can shift during transport. Providing visual access to the load may help mitigate some of these effects.
2
Dampuré, Julien, Abdelrhani Benraiss, and Nicolas Vibert. "Modulation of parafoveal word processing by cognitive load during modified visual search tasks." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 72, no. 7 (November 14, 2018): 1805–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747021818811123.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
During visual search for simple items, the amount of information that can be processed in parafoveal vision depends on the cognitive resources that are available. However, whether this applies to the semantic processing of words remains controversial. This work was designed to manipulate simultaneously two sources of cognitive load to study their impact on the depth of parafoveal word processing during a modified visual search task. The participants had to search for target words among parafoveally presented semantic, orthographic or target-unrelated distractor words while their electroencephalogram was recorded. The task-related load was manipulated by either giving target words in advance (literal task) or giving only a semantic clue to define them (categorical task). The foveal load was manipulated by displaying either a word or hash symbols at the centre of the screen. Parafoveal orthographic and semantic distractors had an impact on the early event-related potential component P2a only in the literal task and when hash symbols were displayed at the fovea, i.e., when both the task-related and foveal loads were low. The data show that all sources of cognitive load must be considered to understand how parafoveal words are processed in visual search contexts.
3
Nishimoto, Norihito, Hideo Jingu, Mirai Narabe, Keiko Kasamatsu, Yukiko Tanikawa, and Shin'ichi Fukuzumi. "2C2-3 Colors of Visual Display Tenninals Effect ofMental Work Load(2)." Japanese Journal of Ergonomics 49, Supplement (2013): S326—S327. http://dx.doi.org/10.5100/jje.49.s326.
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Roessger, Peter. "Visual Load Induced by in Car Office Applications." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 44, no. 21 (July 2000): 3–447. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120004402118.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
With the integration of more features, driver-information-systems (DIS) in automobiles are getting more and more complex. The additional integration of online functionality turn DIS into CarPCs. Here the possibilities of the computer-world meet the restrictions of the vehicle-world. The interaction with the systems distracts capacities from driving. Due to inappropriate human machine interface design the visual channel is overloaded while using DIS or CarPCs. A usability study was conducted. The data shows, that the presentation of visual information is critical. A CarPC was developed. The human machine interface was designed under human factors criteria. The use of the system will lead to a reduced visual load of the driver. Further work has to be done.
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Ishihara, Shin'ya, and Masaru Miyao. "Visual load of VDT work using a new type of 3-dimensional display." Japanese journal of ergonomics 34, Supplement (1998): 510–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5100/jje.34.supplement_510.
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NARABE, Miki, Keiko KASAMATSU, Norihito NISHIMOTO, Hideo JINGU, Yukiko TANIKAWA, and Shinichi FUKUZUMI. "2C2-2 Colors of Visual Display Terminals Effect of Mental Work Load (1)." Japanese Journal of Ergonomics 49, Supplement (2013): S324—S325. http://dx.doi.org/10.5100/jje.49.s324.
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Widana, I. K., Ni Wayan Sumetri, and I. Ketut Sutapa. "Ergo-physiological Work Station Reduces Cardiovascular Load and Visual Complaints of Carved Artists." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1569 (July 2020): 032035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1569/3/032035.
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Sithole, Seedwell, Ragini Datt, Paul de Lange, and Meredith Tharapos. "Learning accounting through visual representations." Accounting Research Journal 34, no. 4 (May 18, 2021): 365–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arj-06-2018-0100.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of diagrammatic visualisation techniques versus sentential learning contexts in an accounting subject using the theoretical lens of cognitive load theory (CLT). Design/methodology/approach The present study used four groups of students; two groups completed a task using diagrammatic visualisation learning materials, with one of the groups undertaking their leaning activities collaboratively and another on an individual basis, whereas two comparison groups were given a sentential learning context without diagrams, with one group undertaking their leaning activities collaboratively and the other individually. In addition to performance grades, cognitive load self-report scores were also elicited from participants. Findings The findings of this study indicate support for diagrammatic visualisation techniques for students working collaboratively. Compared with sentential learners, the authors find significantly improved test performance for students who work collaboratively in a diagrammatic visualisation environment. Students in the visualisation environments obtained higher grades than those in the sentential group. In terms of mental effort, students in the visualisation conditions reported the lowest cognitive load. Practical implications The authors conclude that diagrammatic visualisation learning techniques enhance student performance outcomes, particularly for those who work collaboratively. CLT assists in the understanding of the mental processes involved in learning. Instructional designers need to consider CLT when developing diagrammatic visualisation material to enable students to obtain the best possible learning outcomes. Originality/value This study addresses a gap in the literature by examining the use of diagrammatic visualisation materials as an alternative to text when learning accounting. The study explores the effect of visualisation material on students’ cognitive load by analysing their mental effort. The study contributes useful findings on visualisation as a conduit to enhancing the understanding of accounting using CLT principles.
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Morgan, Helen M., Christoph Klein, Stephan G. Boehm, Kimron L. Shapiro, and David E. J. Linden. "Working Memory Load for Faces Modulates P300, N170, and N250r." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 20, no. 6 (June 2008): 989–1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2008.20072.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We used event-related potential (ERP) methodology to examine neural activity associated with visual working memory (WM) for faces. There were two main goals. First, to extend previous findings of P300 load modulation to WM for faces. Second, to examine whether N170 and N250r are also influenced by WM load. Between one and four unfamiliar faces were simultaneously presented for memory encoding. After a 1-sec delay, a target face appeared, and participants had to judge whether this face was part of the previous face array. P300 amplitude decreased as WM load increased, and this P300 suppression was observed at both encoding and retrieval. WM load was also found to modulate other ERPs. The amplitude of the N170 elicited by the target face decreased with load, and this N170 decrease leveled off at load 2, reflecting the behavioral WM capacity of around two faces. In addition, the N250r, observed as an ERP difference for target faces that were present in the encoding array relative to target faces that were absent, was also reduced for higher WM loads. These findings extend previous work by showing that P300 modulation by WM load also occurs for faces. Furthermore, we show, for the first time, that WM load affects the N250r and the early visual N170 component. This suggests that higher visual areas play an important role in WM for faces.
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Eggemeier, F. Thomas, and John R. Amell. "Visual Probability Monitoring: Effects of Display Load and Signal Discriminability." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 30, no. 1 (September 1986): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128603000116.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Criterion Task Set (CTS) is a standardized battery of loading tasks developed for application to a variety of performance assessment problems, including evaluations of workload metrics and the effects of stressors on performance. One feature of the CTS that facilitates its application is a set of guidelines that specify standard loading levels for manipulation of difficulty on each task. This standardization is necessary for comparative evaluations of workload metrics and stressors, and therefore represents an essential feature of the CTS. The baseline version of the CTS includes nine primary loading tasks that represent a range of information processing functions. Perceptual input and stimulus identification functions are represented in the CTS by the Probability Monitoring (PM) task, which requires that subjects detect the occurrence of signals on a visual display. The PM display includes a variable number of dials, each consisting of a pointer that moves randomly with respect to a center reference mark. When a signal occurs, pointer movement becomes nonrandom or biased, such that a disproportionate number of moves occurs on one side of the reference mark. Difficulty of the task can be manipulated by varying the display load (number of dials) or the discriminability of the signals (Shingledecker, 1984). Signal discriminability is varied by changes in the percentage of movements that occur on the biased side of the center reference. Previous work has indicated that a 95% bias can be more readily detected than an 85% bias, and that the latter is more rapidly detected than a 75% bias. Current work with the CTS involves continued evaluation and refinement of tasks from the baseline version of the battery. The present work evaluated the effect of display load and signal discriminability in an updated version of the PM task. The new version incorporated a faster pointer movement rate (5 moves per second) than had been used in the previous task. This change was implemented to permit inclusion of more signals per experimental session than had been possible with the baseline version of the task. Since the new version differed substantially from its predecessor, the present study was conducted to evaluate the need to specify new standard loading levels for the task.
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Kovalenko, V. "Ergophthalmology at the Turn of the Millenium." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 44, no. 21 (July 2000): 3–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120004402141.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The paper is devoted to the problem of human visual activity in modern industrial conditions. Possibilities for increase of visual working capacity and preservation of visual functions when visual load work carrying out in the main professions of the modern industry are discussed.
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Bequette, Blake, Adam Norton, Eric Jones, and Leia Stirling. "The Effect of a Powered Lower-Body Exoskeleton on Physical and Cognitive Warfighter Performance." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 62, no. 1 (September 2018): 1663–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931218621377.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study analyzed the performance of twelve military members in a simulated, fatigue-inducing patrol task under three conditions: wearing a powered exoskeleton, wearing an unpowered exoskeleton, and without wearing an exoskeleton. While walking with weight at a prescribed pace over obstacles while following a confederate, participants were subject to a dual-task cognitive test in which they answered radio calls and visually scanned for lighted targets. Cognitive load was varied through a secondary radio task and measured with a visual reaction time test. Physical load and cognitive load were varied throughout the test. For this paper, the dependent measures of interest were reaction time for the visual task and lag time behind the confederate. Significant differences and interactions were found in the visual reaction time among the exoskeleton conditions, physical loads, and cognitive loads. Significant differences and interactions were also found for the lag time of the subject behind their prescribed pace, and the variability of this lag time. Both measures had significant interactions with subject. Future work should examine what design features of the exoskeleton and capability of the human are related to these variabilities. An understanding of subject variability can lead to improvements in integrated exoskeleton design.
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Hafis, Mohd Bin Sulaiman, Mohd Jamir Mohd Ridzuan, A. R. Mohamed, and Ramli Nur Farahana. "Finite Element and Experimental Study of Friction and Lubricants in Strip Drawing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 554 (June 2014): 345–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.554.345.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study presents the results of experimental and finite element (FE) simulation work carried out to evaluate friction and lubricants that play a role in the increased forming load distributions. The experiments showed significant increases in forming load and visual pattern change was observed on the formed strip surfaces. This indicates that the tool-strip interaction is playing the dominant role in the increase in forming load observed. FE simulation was undertaken to analyse the details of forming operation and to determine mechanisms behind the increased forming load. It was found that the stresses were greater once the strip started to flow out through the tool die opening that required high forming loads. It is concluded that results from the tool-strip interaction is the main cause of the increased forming loads observed in strip drawing.
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Maslov, D. Y., M. S. Melnik, and I. M. Serov. "The study of audiovisual information loads to assess their impact on the health of operators." Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology, no. 9 (March 19, 2020): 691. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2019-59-9-691-692.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the article is discussed the developed methods for determining the auditory and visual information load on vehicle operators, computer operators and programmers in order to identify harmful and dangerous factors of work activity. The scheme of a relational database for storage of biophysical parameters of operators operating under conditions of information loads for their further research has been developed.
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Sakamoto, K., and L. G. Gu. "Comparative evaluation of visual load by the use of displays and modes in VDT work." Japanese journal of ergonomics 25, Supplement (1989): 274–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5100/jje.25.supplement_274.
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Velichkovsky, B. B., and A. I. Izmalkova. "Effect of verbal working memory load during the oculomotor activity in visual search." Experimental Psychology (Russia) 8, no. 2 (2015): 21–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/exppsy.2015080203.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The structure of working memory has components responsible for the storage of verbal and visualspatial information; despite the fairly detailed study of the functions and mechanisms of their work, the question of their mutual influence is still open. Studies on the verbal working memory load influence on visual search performance (a task requiring the use of visual-spatial working memory resources) it was found that the load on the verbal working memory leads to increased efficiency of target detection. The results of the analysis of oculomotor activity during visual search also point out that the implementation of such tasks under verbal working memory load is accompanied by an increase in cognitive tension and of the degree of search automaticity. The results may indicate the interaction of verbal and visual-spatial working memory components that share non-specific cognitive resources.
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Denisov, E. I., I. V. Stepanyan, A. Khussein Abobakr Mohamed, P. A. Vuitsik, and M. S. Melnik. "Assessment of working conditions and informational loads on car drivers." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2061, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 012099. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2061/1/012099.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The article provides an overview of risk factors that are caused by the working conditions of car drivers and provides an example of a methodology for assessing visual loads that were measured using a digital video recorder. To assess real visual loads on a car driver, a method for simultaneous recording of information of visual load and heart rate has been developed and tested. The proposed method made it possible to establish a correlation between the dynamics of the flow of visual traffic information and the response of the driver’s body in the form of response changes in the pulse. The effectiveness of the method was shown and the correlation of video fragments and pulsograms with R = 0.4 was established. The results of the work are applicable to assess the working conditions of car drivers, when visual stress is a leading factor in working conditions, in order to prevent fatigue and road traffic accidents.
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HORGEN, GUNNAR, ARNE AARÅS, HELENE KAISER, and MAGNE THORESEN. "Do Specially Designed Visual Display Unit Lenses Create Increased Postural Load Compared with Single-Vision Lenses during Visual Display Unit Work?" Optometry and Vision Science 79, no. 2 (February 2002): 112–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006324-200202000-00013.
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Шардакова, E. Shardakova, Ямпольская, E. Yampolskaya, Матюхин, V. Matyukhin, Елизарова, and Valentina Elizarova. "Correlation between General Physical Working Capacity and High- Precision Operations’ Visual Fatigue among Men and Women." Safety in Technosphere 4, no. 3 (July 8, 2015): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/11878.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Researches prove that precision operations staff demonstrates visual fatigue during the shift depending not only on visual
load, but on the level of general physical capacity. It is established that given the low level of physical capacity women
show greater visual analyzer changes than men during the shift. On-shift activities to increase the physical training level
are necessary to maintain work capacity.
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S.Hrushikesava Raju, Dr, Dr M.Nagabhushana Rao, Dr N.Sudheer, and Dr P.Kavitharani. "Visual Safe Road Travel App Over Google Maps About the Traffic and External Conditions." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.32 (May 31, 2018): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.32.15697.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In travelling on the roads, Most of our people might get accidents because of lack of road awareness and the traffic potential, also this unpredicted traffic leads to delay in the predicted travel duration. To avoid this kind of odd experiences, the proposed work focuses on the vehicle load characteristics in the available road paths traffic that is existing in the distance of 2-3 kilometers. The characteristics dealt here are vehicle load moving in the same direction as well as vehicle load moving in the opposite direction, danger zones, any wild turns, floods status on the road, group of animals crossing or on the road, any road works intimation, any bridges or flyover conditions, any situational areas like forests, high mountains, lack of public in the areas in the coming 2-3 kilometers in that road if it is two way path in the same road or separate paths infrastructure available. This is more secure because authorized users only will use this kind of facility where users are authorized by their Unique aadhar Number along with their family member details.
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Gafurov, Kerim. "Study of conformity between information processes and vision of specialists in systems with a high professional information load." Science Bulletin of the Novosibirsk State Technical University, no. 2-3 (November 13, 2020): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.17212/1814-1196-2020-2-3-95-108.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In our age of high speeds, the human body receives a very heavy load on the organs of vision, thereby increasing the likelihood of deterioration in their work. As a result, people lose their vision, they distinguish simple and complex objects worse, spend more time recognizing signs, symbols, letters that they previously saw and distinguished much faster and easier. For most professions, this circumstance is not critical, but there are a number of areas of human activity where the visual factor is of paramount importance. First of all, this applies to the work on monitoring equipment that dispatchers, operators and controllers are associated with. Working under constant visual stress requires a high motor activity of the oculomotor system, visual acuity and high cognitive abilities. Thus, an important task is to identify and constantly monitor visual reflexes of dispatchers operating in conditions of high visual and information load. There are many different methods and means that are aimed at determining the acuity of a person's vision. But most of them are presented in the form of paper diagrams and pictures, which does not allow for a comprehensive assessment of the state of visual acuity. Thus, the aim of the study is to develop a technology for analyzing the correspondence of information processes and the operation of the visual system among specialists with a high professional information load. To determine information components of the operator's work cycle, the information field was represented in the form of a matrix of elements in which each element is assigned its own weight, which determines the importance of the information process located at a given point in the operator's information field. To accurately determine visual acuity, a test object and a corresponding table for visometry were selected. A study of the conformity between information processes and vision of specialists in systems with a high professional information load was carried out using the developed specialized software. The developed software is based on scaling and measuring the response time to changes in the position of the diagnostic test object. The software allows you to store and edit data, perform their statistical analysis and sorting. The program has several research modes, namely determining the location of a small circle of the optotype and reducing it, as well as recording the response time of the subject to changes in the position and size of the optotype. Thus, we get an accurate picture of the space-time abilities of the visual system of the dispatcher in accordance with information processes in his professional activity. The developed specialized software is synchronized with the matrix of importance of information processes, allows monitoring the state of the visual system of specialists with a high professional information load and creating an information space that is the most optimal and adapted to the visual apparatus of dispatchers and operators. Experimental studies of the developed technique were carried out. The developed method will significantly reduce the risk of errors and inaccuracies in the work of dispatchers and operators, which is of significant importance for the country's economy, since any error can affect a huge number of people and production processes. In addition, the software allows you to keep statistics of data and indicators and enter them into a single information base, which will facilitate the examination in the future and provide an opportunity to track the dynamics of pathologies. The results obtained during the study can be widely used in various areas of production with a high information load.
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Drijvers, Linda, Asli Özyürek, and Ole Jensen. "Alpha and Beta Oscillations Index Semantic Congruency between Speech and Gestures in Clear and Degraded Speech." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 30, no. 8 (August 2018): 1086–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01301.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Previous work revealed that visual semantic information conveyed by gestures can enhance degraded speech comprehension, but the mechanisms underlying these integration processes under adverse listening conditions remain poorly understood. We used MEG to investigate how oscillatory dynamics support speech–gesture integration when integration load is manipulated by auditory (e.g., speech degradation) and visual semantic (e.g., gesture congruency) factors. Participants were presented with videos of an actress uttering an action verb in clear or degraded speech, accompanied by a matching (mixing gesture + “mixing”) or mismatching (drinking gesture + “walking”) gesture. In clear speech, alpha/beta power was more suppressed in the left inferior frontal gyrus and motor and visual cortices when integration load increased in response to mismatching versus matching gestures. In degraded speech, beta power was less suppressed over posterior STS and medial temporal lobe for mismatching compared with matching gestures, showing that integration load was lowest when speech was degraded and mismatching gestures could not be integrated and disambiguate the degraded signal. Our results thus provide novel insights on how low-frequency oscillatory modulations in different parts of the cortex support the semantic audiovisual integration of gestures in clear and degraded speech: When speech is clear, the left inferior frontal gyrus and motor and visual cortices engage because higher-level semantic information increases semantic integration load. When speech is degraded, posterior STS/middle temporal gyrus and medial temporal lobe are less engaged because integration load is lowest when visual semantic information does not aid lexical retrieval and speech and gestures cannot be integrated.
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Zhou, Wei, Tianhu Han, Xifeng Liang, Jiandong Bao, Guofei Li, Heting Xiao, Dongrun Liu, and Bin Liu. "Load identification and fatigue evaluation via wind-induced attitude decoupling of railway catenary." REVIEWS ON ADVANCED MATERIALS SCIENCE 60, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 377–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rams-2021-0037.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract In strong wind area, wind vibration on key railway catenary components may lead to safety hidden danger like fatigue failures. In this work, a load identification approach was proposed by decoupling the wind-induced suspension attitude to acquire the hard-to-get environmental wind load and evaluate the catenary fatigue damage on railway catenary. In theoretical modeling, mechanical relation between wind load and registration displacement is formulated in pure lateral and vertical loading by finite element analysis. Wind load is identified via suspension attitude decoupling into displacement under individual load. Nodal forces, as the external load acting on catenary connections between supporting beams, are further correlated with the identified wind load to calculate the structural stress of catenary components. In experiment, visual detection is used to measure the wind-induced attitude of catenary suspension in wind area, where maximum wind speed climbs up to 41 m/s. Experimental results are transferred into wind loads and nodal forces using the proposed model. Stress spectra and fatigue damage evaluation of connection components are carried out adopting the rain-flow counting method and damage accumulation rule. Research outcome certifies that the proposed methodology provides an effective means to evaluate the fatigue behavior of railway catenary in wind area.
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Hoekstra-Atwood, Liberty, Huei-Yen Winnie Chen, and Birsen Donmez. "Driving Under Involuntary Distraction and Varied Perceptual Loads." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 60, no. 1 (September 2016): 1869–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601426.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Distracted driving compromises safety. One type of driver distraction often overlooked in experimental studies is involuntary engagement in driver distraction, which is related to an inability to suppress non-driving related information. The present work aims to discern how involuntary distraction affects drivers and whether perceptual load modulates involuntary distraction engagement. It was hypothesized, based on Load Theory, that drivers are worse at inhibiting irrelevant stimuli when driving under lower perceptual load. A simulator experiment manipulating distraction (involuntary vs. baseline) and perceptual load of the environment (high vs. low visual complexity) found that irrelevant stimuli degraded driving responses to lead vehicle braking events. Contrary to expectation, perceptual load did not affect involuntary distraction engagement.
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Goczewski, Maciej, and R. Stupnytsky. "The instrument transfer method in four handed dentistry in dental operating microscope as a module of a training program in the aspect of reduction of the dynamic load of the visual system of the operator." SUCHASNA STOMATOLOHIYA 108, no. 4 (2021): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33295/1992-576x-2021-4-54.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Resume. Introduction of a Dental Operating Microscope (DOM) in the clinical work can make some difficulties in operator’s work.In particular, to ensure the safety of the operator’s visual system and ergonomics of the work, the operator’s gaze should be continuously directed to the operating field. The instruments should be moved over the operating field by the assisting personnel, whose participation in the transfer is not complete until the evening nstrument is visible through the microscope and the operator is fully capable of controlling its movement. Instrument transfer method in DOM includes 3 steps: modified direct placement, predelivery, delivery and exchange of instruments. In the presented method the most important elements are the properly oriented end of the instrument by dental assistant and mutual grasp of instrument. The method allows to reduce the load on the operator’s visual system and to make four-handed work ergonomic. Key words: dental operating microscope (DOM), four-handed dentistry in DOM, instrument transfer in DOM, mutual grasp, visual system overload of dental operator.
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GÜVEN, Onur, Bedrettin Hakan KARAASLAN, Ahmet ÇAKAN, and Suat ÖZER. "Cylindrical cam mechanism design with visual basic." European Mechanical Science 7, no. 1 (March 20, 2023): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.26701/ems.1215153.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
One of the technology products that have taken an important place in our lives from the past to the present is power and motion transfer elements. Power and motion transfer elements are very important for users in terms of facilitating work transfer, easing the workload based on people and ergonomics. One of the basic building blocks of these transmission systems is cam mechanisms. Cam mechanisms consisting mainly of followers and cams; It performs a complementary task by transmitting the follower's movement to the cam assembly by direct contact. While cam mechanisms lighten the work load, it is a frequently preferred system because it takes up little space and contains few parts and allows for a wide range of movements. However, sensitivity to vibration and sudden shock effects and cost problems have led to the development of manufacturing methods of cam mechanisms. In this master's thesis, design and mathematical information about cam mechanisms and cylindrical cam mechanisms are given, and the design of a cylindrical cam mechanism with a vertical multiple output limb was carried out using computer-aided drawing programs Solidworks and Autocad. The use of multiple output limb cam mechanisms is increasing day by day in terms of the width of the work area and the possibility to work with other machines. For this reason, this work is intended to be a guide resource for the reader in industry and science for both cam mechanisms and cylindrical cam mechanisms. Microsoft Excel and Visual Basic programs were used in the calculations and designs, and the design details of the mechanism were revealed with the data and formulas entered into the program.
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Wang, Wei Yang, Wei Li, and Cheng Zhong Jin. "The Numerical Simulation and Calculation of Aircraft Horizontal Stabilizer to Aerodynamic Forces by Using Visual Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 477-478 (December 2013): 186–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.477-478.186.
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Horizontal stabilizer is one part of lift wing structures, which can assure the security of aircraft stability and maneuverability. The paper discussed the visual method based on the numerical simulation and calculation of the aircraft horizontal stabilizer FEM model to aerodynamic forces. Visual method can make the designers understand the internal forces transmission between girder and rib, and help them finish the qualitative analysis of influence of structural-load carrying capacity. It can be used for evaluating the effects of size deviation during manufacturing procedure. It can help designers facilely beforehand measuring and judging the influence of load distribution on the aircraft horizontal stabilizer in first time on the war, when some part of the structures have been destroyed. By combination of visual method and background data, we can get a new complete system to help non-strength designers finish their work in strength condition, and create more value.
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Vangelova, K., and V. Stanchev. "Stress, Visual and Musculoskeletal Complaints in Open Plan Office Staff." Acta Medica Bulgarica 41, no. 1 (June 1, 2014): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amb-2014-0007.
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Summary The aim of the study was to identify the main ergonomic and organizational risks contributing to stress, visual and musculoskeletal disorders in open plan office workers. A total of 73 subjects of mean age 28.3 ±4.7 years were studied. Measurements of salivary cortisol and self-ratings for strain, fatigue, stress symptoms, visual and musculoskeletal complaints were performed. The work places were organized well, but the studied staff reported high work load and time pressure. The data showed higher cortisol levels during the workday under time pressure. High incidence of visual and musculoskeletal complaints mainly in the region of the back and the neck were found, associated with flickering and blinks on the screen monitors and overtime. Optimizing workplace organization could help reduce stress and health complaints of office staff.
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Yurosheva, T. A., A. V. Kalinichenko, and V. G. Makiev. "Algorithm for designing load-bearing structures of a multi-storey building using the visual programming environment DYNAMO STUDIO." Herald of Dagestan State Technical University. Technical Sciences 49, no. 4 (February 9, 2023): 126–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21822/2073-6185-2022-49-4-126-133.
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Objective. The article is devoted to the actual problem of minimizing the designer's work time using Dynamo Studio as a powerful tool for automating design tasks.Method. A description of some of the possibilities of the Dynamo Studio visual programming environment when developing a building project in the Revit software package is given.Result. Dynamo scripts work methods are presented and described, which allow to significantly speed up the processes of modeling and preparation of project documentation. The principles of information modeling make it possible to increase the speed of the project work being carried out without adversely affecting its quality. This makes it possible to avoid a wide range of design errors, which in the future will not lead to corresponding problems during the construction phase of the facility. The results of the application of the developed algorithms for the automated construction of a three-dimensional model of a multi-storey building are presented.Conclusion. Using the visual programming environment allows you to create an information model that updates its configuration when the elements included in it change.
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Bosneaga, Valeriu, and Victor Suslov. "Investigation of Steady State Two-Phase Short Circuit Modes Of Phase-Shifting Autotransformer with Hexagon Scheme and with Adjusting Autotransformer." Problems of the Regional Energetics, no. 1(57) (February 2023): 55–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.52254/1857-0070.2023.1-57.05.
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The purpose of work is to investigate two - phase short-circuiting modes of new autotransformer FACT’s - type device and is intended for power systems flexible connection. The developed mathematical model contains the main phase-shifting and additional regulating autotransformers. The model allows studying of asymmetrical modes of such schemes, including the un-identical load connection in different phases of phase-shifting transformers. Visual vector diagrams of winding’s voltages, currents and relative magnetic fluxes of magnetic core legs for main and regulating autotransformers for the modes with two-phase short-circuiting with and without ground have been elaborated. It is shown that significant distortions of the polygon shape occurred. It is revealed that in two-phase short - circuiting mode without ground, and the loads identically connected in different phases, the relative magnetic fluxes of the legs of main and regulating autotransformers are asymmetrical, but their sum is zero, and the magnetic flux does not come out into surrounding space. Load currents in this mode contain only direct and reverse sequences components. When the load is un-identically connected in different phases, significant zero-sequence currents occur, and magnetic flux goes out into surrounding space. However, load currents do not contain symmetrical components of zero sequence. A similar analysis of two-phase short circuit modes with ground showed that even with the identical connection of the loads, there is zero sequence both in the magnetic fluxes and in the load currents. Moreover, zero sequence is present when the load is connected differently on the phases.
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Cybulski, Jacob L., Susan Keller, and Dilal Saundage. "Interactive Exploration of Data with Visual Metaphors." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 25, no. 02 (March 2015): 231–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194015400082.
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Visual Analytics (VA) is an approach to data analysis by means of visual manipulation of data representation, which relies on innate human abilities of perception and cognition. Even though current visual toolkits in the Business Analytics (BA) domain have improved the effectiveness of data exploration, analysis and reporting, their features are often not intuitive, and can be confusing and difficult to use. Moreover, visualizations generated from these toolkits are mostly accessible to specialist users. Thus, there is a need for analytic environments that support data exploration, interpretation and communication of insight that do not add to the cognitive load of the analyst and their non-technical clients. In this conceptual paper, we explore the potential of primary metaphors, which arise out of human lived and sensory-motor experiences, in the design of immersive visual analytics environments. Primary metaphors provide ideas for representation of time, space, quantity, similarity, actions and team work. Using examples developed in our own work, we also explain how to combine such metaphors to create complex and cognitively acceptable visual metaphors, such as 3D data terrains that approximate our intuition of reality and create opportunities for data to be viewed, navigated, explored, touched, changed, discussed, reported and described to others, individually or collaboratively.
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Mahmood, Noor, and Assim Lateef. "EFFECT OF CORROSION LONGITUDINAL STEEL BARS ON THE FLEXURAL STRENGTH OF RC BEAMS." Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences 28, no. 2 (March 5, 2021): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjes.28.2.04.
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The main objective of this research is to investigate the effect of corroded steel bars on the ultimate flexural capacity of reinforcement concrete beams. The experimental work consists of four RC beams with dimensions (150×200×1200) mm tested under two-point concentrated loading. The major parameter of the current research is corrosion period (5,10,20) days. The amount of longitudinal and transverse reinforcement, concrete strength and, the other parameters were kept constant for all samples. The comparisons between specimens are based on the visual cracking loads, ultimate loads, deflection, cracks pattern and mode of failure. Results showed that visual first cracking load, and ultimate loads of corroded RC beams were decreased with increase corrosion durations relative to the control beam as a result of the corrosion process. The mode of failure was flexural failure for all specimens. Corrosion caused decreasing percentage in weight of steel bars and cross-sectional area of longitudinal steel bars. This percent increased as exposure time to corrosion process increased by 8.5% and 28.39% for 20 days respectively.
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Liu, Xin, Tong Chen, Guoqiang Xie, and Guangyuan Liu. "Contact-Free Cognitive Load Recognition Based on Eye Movement." Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1601879.
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The cognitive overload not only affects the physical and mental diseases, but also affects the work efficiency and safety. Hence, the research of measuring cognitive load has been an important part of cognitive load theory. In this paper, we proposed a method to identify the state of cognitive load by using eye movement data in a noncontact manner. We designed a visual experiment to elicit human’s cognitive load as high and low state in two light intense environments and recorded the eye movement data in this whole process. Twelve salient features of the eye movement were selected by using statistic test. Algorithms for processing some features are proposed for increasing the recognition rate. Finally we used the support vector machine (SVM) to classify high and low cognitive load. The experimental results show that the method can achieve 90.25% accuracy in light controlled condition.
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Öner, M., T. Kazanasmaz, F. Leccese, and G. Salvadori. "Analysis of the relationship between daylight illuminance and cognitive, affective and physiological changes in visual display terminal workers." Building Services Engineering Research and Technology 41, no. 2 (December 10, 2019): 167–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143624419894441.
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This study explored the impact of daylight illuminance on cognitive load during visual display terminal use by means of various physiological, performance and subjective measures. Repeated-measures design was adopted to identify the impact of variations in daylight levels that were manipulated through the shading system configurations (shading-on; shading-off). A total of 30 subjects performed visual and cognitive demanding tests. Performance measures were supported by subjective data and eye-related measures during the experimental analysis. Results revealed that the use of a shading system had positive impact on sustained attention. Concerning ocular measures, percentage of eye closure values showed opposite tendencies among vigilance and sustained attention demanding tests. Eye aspect ratio-max and blink duration were significantly correlated with reported glare sensation. In all tests, eye aspect ratio-max was found significantly higher in lower illuminances. Search velocity was significantly correlated with ocular variables in higher illuminances whereas sustained attention showed an opposite trend. This, initially, explains that even slight differences in daylight illuminance might have distinctive effects on the relationship between different groups of assessment variables while measuring cognitive load. Secondly, it proves the significance of carrying out sensitive experiments in terms of both light levels and test characteristics. Practical application: The findings of this study could suggest that a practical application, the use of a shading device, might deliver an efficient solution on such a multifaceted question about the potential effects of luminous environment on the evaluation of cognitive load. Work environments might be considered as cognitively efficient if only the harmony of less mental effort, more satisfaction and less health problems exist, which together ultimately deliver higher work performance. In real-world work environments, application of such shading devices involves advantages not only for avoiding excessive daylight exposure or optimizing energy consumption, but also facilitating cognitive, affective and physiological processes of individuals.
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Kassem, Khaled, Tobias Ungerböck, Philipp Wintersberger, and Florian Michahelles. "What Is Happening Behind The Wall?" Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 6, MHCI (September 19, 2022): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3546731.
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Research in human-robot collaboration explores aspects of using interaction modalities and their effect on human perception. Particular attention is paid to intent communication, which is essential for successful interaction and collaboration. This work investigates the effect of using audio, visual, and haptic feedback on intent communication in a human-robot collaboration task where the collaborators do not share a direct line of sight. A user study was conducted in virtual reality with 20 participants. Qualitative and quantitative feedback was collected from all participants. When compared with a baseline of no feedback given to the participants, results show that using visual feedback had a significant impact on task efficiency, user experience, and cognitive load. Audio feedback was slightly less impactful, while haptic feedback had a divisive effect. Multimodal feedback combining the three modalities showed the highest impact compared to the individual modalities, leading to the highest task efficiency and user experience, and the lowest cognitive load.
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Medvedovska, N. V., Y. M. Malyshevska, and L. I. Denysiuk. "Awareness of teachers at preschool educational institutions about the issues concerning visual impairments prevention in childhood." Acta Medica Leopoliensia 26, no. 2-3 (2020): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.25040/aml2020.02-03.075.
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The aim of our study was to examine awareness of preschool teachers in Ukraine about the manifestations of visual impairment in childhood, as well as their willingness to participate in preventive measures. Materials and Methods. Results of a sociological survey conducted among preschool teachers in Ukraine (4712 questionnaires). Methods of sociological research and medical statistics were used. Results and Discussion. The majority of respondents (87.97±0.47%) believe that a preschool worker mustpossess knowledge about the signs of visual impairment in children; 85.97±0.51% are familiar with the hygienic norms on visual load in childhood and promptly and continuously inform children about the risk of eye diseases and injuries. A vast majority (89.03±0.46%) of respondents noted the presence of medical professionals (nurses) at the institution where they work, whose functions include preventive work. In case of a visual impairment in a child, the teachers of preschool educational institutions would rather entrust supervision of the child's visual function to a pediatric ophthalmologist, and much less often to a pediatrician or a family doctor. Conclusions. A large-scale Ukraine-wide survey of preschool teachers revealed the lack of their awareness about the problems of preserving vision in childhood. The majority of respondents support the expediency of conducting regular inspections of visual functions, and the possible introduction of the state prevention programs to preserve vision in childhood. Key words: visual impairment, children, preschool educators
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Giordano, Luca, Giuseppe Mancini, and Francesco Tondolo. "Experimental Evaluation of Corrosion Effect on Bond Between Steel and Concrete in Presence of Cyclic Action." Key Engineering Materials 417-418 (October 2009): 345–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.417-418.345.
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Corrosion modifies the steel-concrete interface in reinforced concrete structures. The efficiency of the connection between the two materials is reduced and the structural behavior both in service and in ultimate condition is affected. Moreover in structures subjected to cyclic load, a simultaneous mechanical deterioration due to the load is present. In this work an experimental analysis on reinforced concrete structures under both cyclic load and corrosion of reinforcing bars is presented. Three couples of reinforced concrete ties are connected in series and subjected to the same stress variation in order to produce the cracking conditions and to activate the bond mechanism. However, while one of the two reinforced concrete ties is only subjected to cyclic load, the second one is also corroded using an accelerated electrochemical corrosion process. The simultaneous effect of the cyclic load and corrosion is evaluated monitoring the crack opening on the structures during the test and by means of visual inspection of the sample. The test results show the correlation between the mechanism of bond and the average level of stresses for an amplified stress range.
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Ulianytska, Nataliia, Stepan Vadziuk, Nataliya Byelikova, Svitlana Indyka, and Oksana Usova. "Violation of the Teenagers-Computer Users’ Binocular Vision and Pecularities of its Restoration." Physical education, sports and health culture in modern society, no. 2(38) (June 30, 2017): 182–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/2220-7481-2017-02-182-187.
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According to WHO experts, vision is vulnerable to computer loads. Computer users have complaints, combined by the terms «visual fatigue», «computer vision syndrome», which include a complex of violations in the system of refraction-accommodation. We did not find any research on the peculiarities of senior students’ binocular vision with emmetropia when they are working with a personal computer, and therefore we decided to study this issue. 63 healthy school age senior students were examined, those with emmetropic refraction but without ophthalmic, somatic and psychological abnormalities. Chromatic angle of view and chromatic stereoscopy were studied with the help of special computer techniques. The survey was conducted in three stages. At the first stage, we studied the effect of a one-hour nonstop work in front of the computer monitor on the visual functions, at the second one – their state after a 15 minute passive rest. The third stage involved implementing our own program «Saving and Restoration of Vision» anddetermining the investigated parameters. The «Saving and Restoration of Vision» program contains special eye exercises, as well as those for the shoulder and neck with breath-holding elements. It is ascertained that high school students’ one-hour work at the computer leads to deteriorating chromatic angle of view as well as chromatic stereoscopy. Herewith, the perfect match frequency of test objects decreased by 14,5 and 24,2 % respectively. Applying a set of rehabilitation exercises after a one-hour computer work allowed to restore the binocular vision to the original state, while a passive fifteen-minute rest after the computer visual load did not give such results. Thus, the study of senior students’ binocular vision with emmetropic refraction, after one hour of work, showed its violation, which can be eliminated by a complex of rehabilitation exercises from the authors' program «Saving and Restoration of Vision».
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Kochina, M. L., A. A. Chernozub, R. G. Adamovich, O. V. Kochin, and A. G. Firsov. "The model of prediction of changes in the functional state of athletes engaged in hand-to-hand combat under the influence of the training load." Health, sport, rehabilitation 5, no. 2 (July 5, 2019): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.34142/hsr.2019.05.02.06.
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<p><strong>The purpose</strong> of the work is to develop a model for predicting changes in the functional state of athletes engaged in hand-to-hand combat, under the influence of a training load using psychophysiological indicators.</p><p><strong>Material and methods</strong>. The study involved 24 male athletes who are professionally engaged in hand-to-hand combat with full contact with the opponent (full contact), and 20 athletes. The average age of the athletes was 19-26 years. Research methods: analysis of scientific and methodological sources, psychophysiological, mathematical statistics, fuzzy logic.</p><p><strong>Results.</strong> The conducted studies proved the presence of significant differences in the values of psychophysiological indicators and the reaction to the training load of athletes with different levels of fitness, which made it possible to use these indicators to build a model for predicting the dynamics of a functional state. Changes in the functional state, determined by psychophysiological indicators, confirmed by corresponding changes in indicators of heart rate variability. The developed forecast model allows using two psychophysiological indicators (the time of a complex visual-motor reaction and the response index to a moving object), received to the load, to predict a change in the functional state of athletes engaged in hand-to-hand combat, with an overall accuracy of 95.5%. The forecast of changes in the functional state provides the trainer with the opportunity to timely adjust the volume of training loads and training regimen.</p><p><strong>Conclusions.</strong> Significant differences between groups of trained athletes and beginners in terms of the state of nervous processes (the time of a complex visual-motor reaction and the response index to a moving object) to the load were revealed, which allowed developing a model for predicting the functional reaction to the load in athletes with different levels of sportsmanship. Using the obtained model allows predicting changes in the functional state of athletes that will take place under the influence of the test load, according to psychophysiological indicators without using the load with an overall accuracy of 95.5%.</p>
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Geuens, Jean-Pierre. "The Grand Style." Film Quarterly 58, no. 4 (2005): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fq.2005.58.4.27.
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Abstract Film style used to be the preserve of the artist. It made it possible to distinguish good filmmaking from mainstream work. Today, however, new technologies enable even beginners to load their images with stimuli of all kinds. This article explores the question of how this ““grand style”” is different, and what it portends for cinema's future.
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Suvorova, K., K. Kulakova, and O. Lyashenko. "The non-visual effects estimation of industrial lighting sources." Lighting engineering and power engineering 3, no. 59 (November 27, 2020): 92–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2079-424x-2020-3-59-92-96.
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The issues of the visible lights non-visual impact on the human body during work, the circadian efficiency of lighting installations are considered, the analysis of fluorescent lamps used to illuminate industrial facilities according to their circadian characteristics is carried out, the need to take them into account when creating an effective industrial lighting installation is substantiated. Lighting systems design is one of the main components of the electric power systems formation for any industrial facility. When choosing equipment for the projects implementation, it is necessary to be guided not only by electrical parameters, but also by lighting technical parameters, since in addition to the power load, lighting is a means necessary for the successful implementation of the planned technological process. It is important to note that the illiterate implementation of the lighting network is a harmful factor and has a detrimental effect on the work and personnel health. Thus, ensuring light comfort, subject to the observance of the standardized illumination for each room, is one of the key tasks that must be solved when calculating and designing a lighting system. A properly designed lighting system has a direct impact on productivity, fatigue, visibility and visual discomfort during work. When choosing light sources to provide a given standardized illumination, various well-known calculation methods are used, but none of them takes into account the factors affecting the provision of visual comfort. The spectral composition of light is an important parameter of artificial light sources, which affects not only visual function, comfort, but also human health. When developing new lighting standards, standards for light sources and assessment of their quality, it is necessary to take into account the parameters that affect human health and well-being.
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Klabes, Julian, Sebastian Babilon, Babak Zandi, and Tran Quoc Khanh. "The Sternberg Paradigm: Correcting Encoding Latencies in Visual and Auditory Test Designs." Vision 5, no. 2 (May 4, 2021): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vision5020021.
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The Sternberg task is a widely used tool for assessing the working memory performance in vision and cognitive science. It is possible to apply a visual or auditory variant of the Sternberg task to query the memory load. However, previous studies have shown that the subjects’ corresponding reaction times differ dependent on the used variant. In this work, we present an experimental approach that is intended to correct the reaction time differences observed between auditory and visual item presentation. We found that the subjects’ reaction time offset is related to the encoding speed of a single probe item. After correcting for these individual encoding latencies, differences in the results of both the auditory and visual Sternberg task become non-significant, p=0.252. Thus, an equal task difficulty can be concluded for both variants of item presentation.
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Shi, Lei, Cosmin Copot, and Steve Vanlanduit. "GazeEMD: Detecting Visual Intention in Gaze-Based Human-Robot Interaction." Robotics 10, no. 2 (April 30, 2021): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/robotics10020068.
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In gaze-based Human-Robot Interaction (HRI), it is important to determine human visual intention for interacting with robots. One typical HRI interaction scenario is that a human selects an object by gaze and a robotic manipulator will pick up the object. In this work, we propose an approach, GazeEMD, that can be used to detect whether a human is looking at an object for HRI application. We use Earth Mover’s Distance (EMD) to measure the similarity between the hypothetical gazes at objects and the actual gazes. Then, the similarity score is used to determine if the human visual intention is on the object. We compare our approach with a fixation-based method and HitScan with a run length in the scenario of selecting daily objects by gaze. Our experimental results indicate that the GazeEMD approach has higher accuracy and is more robust to noises than the other approaches. Hence, the users can lessen cognitive load by using our approach in the real-world HRI scenario.
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Cheng, Li, Xuemin Zheng, Mingxin Zhao, Runjiang Dou, Shuangming Yu, Nanjian Wu, and Liyuan Liu. "SiamMixer: A Lightweight and Hardware-Friendly Visual Object-Tracking Network." Sensors 22, no. 4 (February 18, 2022): 1585. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22041585.
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Siamese networks have been extensively studied in recent years. Most of the previous research focuses on improving accuracy, while merely a few recognize the necessity of reducing parameter redundancy and computation load. Even less work has been done to optimize the runtime memory cost when designing networks, making the Siamese-network-based tracker difficult to deploy on edge devices. In this paper, we present SiamMixer, a lightweight and hardware-friendly visual object-tracking network. It uses patch-by-patch inference to reduce memory use in shallow layers, where each small image region is processed individually. It merges and globally encodes feature maps in deep layers to enhance accuracy. Benefiting from these techniques, SiamMixer demonstrates a comparable accuracy to other large trackers with only 286 kB parameters and 196 kB extra memory use for feature maps. Additionally, we verify the impact of various activation functions and replace all activation functions with ReLU in SiamMixer. This reduces the cost when deploying on mobile devices.
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Toscano, Cinzia, Aniello Riccio, FrancescoPaolo Camerlingo, and Carosena Meola. "On the use of lock-in thermography to monitor delamination growth in composite panels under compression." Science and Engineering of Composite Materials 21, no. 4 (September 1, 2014): 485–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/secm-2013-0156.
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AbstractThe success of composites in automotive, aerospace, and naval applications is mainly related to their aptitude to be tailored to obtain a final product that perfectly fulfills the design requirements. However, during both manufacturing processes and maintenance, some flaws, like delaminations (which may escape simple visual inspection), may be induced in composite structures. The presence of delaminations is of major concern for the load-carrying capability of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer panels. Indeed, delaminations can strongly affect the structural strength and may grow under in-service loads, leading sometimes to catastrophic failures. The aim of this work is to explore the use of lock-in thermography for the monitoring of delamination propagation in composite structures when subjected to generic multiaxial loading conditions. A stiffened composite panel with an embedded skin delamination subjected to compressive loading was taken as a benchmark to assess experimentally the effectiveness of lock-in thermography for monitoring the delamination propagation in situ during the compressive mechanical test. The delamination size as a function of the applied load, observed by lock-in thermography during the execution of the compressive test, was used to validate the results of preliminary numerical computations.
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Yuan, Zifeng, Huey Eng Chua, Sourav S. Bhowmick, Zekun Ye, Wook-Shin Han, and Byron Choi. "Towards plug-and-play visual graph query interfaces." Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment 14, no. 11 (July 2021): 1979–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.14778/3476249.3476256.
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Canned patterns ( i.e. , small subgraph patterns) in visual graph query interfaces (a.k.a GUI) facilitate efficient query formulation by enabling pattern-at-a-time construction mode. However, existing GUIS for querying large networks either do not expose any canned patterns or if they do then they are typically selected manually based on domain knowledge. Unfortunately, manual generation of canned patterns is not only labor intensive but may also lack diversity for supporting efficient visual formulation of a wide range of subgraph queries. In this paper, we present a novel, generic, and extensible framework called TATTOO that takes a data-driven approach to automatically select canned patterns for a GUI from large networks. Specifically, it first decomposes the underlying network into truss-infested and truss-oblivious regions. Then candidate canned patterns capturing different real-world query topologies are generated from these regions. Canned patterns based on a user-specified plug are then selected for the GUI from these candidates by maximizing coverage and diversity , and by minimizing the cognitive load of the pattern set. Experimental studies with real-world datasets demonstrate the benefits of TATTOO. Importantly, this work takes a concrete step towards realizing plug-and-play visual graph query interfaces for large networks.
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Daronnat, Sylvain, Leif Azzopardi, and Martin Halvey. "Investigating the Impact of Visual Environmental Uncertainty on Human-Agent Teaming." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 65, no. 1 (September 2021): 1185–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181321651209.
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Uncertainty in Human-Agent interactions is often studied in terms of transparency and understandability of agent actions. Less work, however, has focused on how Visual Environmental Uncertainty (VEU) that restricts or occludes visual information affects the Human-Agent Teaming (HAT) in terms of trust, reliance, performance, cognitive load and situational awareness. We conducted a mixed-design experiment (n=96) where participants interacted with an agent during a collaborative aiming task under four different types of VEUs involving global and dynamic occlusions. Our results show that while environmental uncertainties led to increases in perceived trust, they induced differences in reliance and performance. Counter to intuition, when participants trusted the agent the most, they relied on the agent more, but performed worst. These findings highlight how trust in agents is also influenced by external environmental conditions and suggest that reported trust in HAT scenarios may not always generalize beyond the environmental factors in which they were studied.
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Sun, Zeyuan, Hong Yang, Que Dong, Yang Mo, Hui Li, and Zhihong Jiang. "Autonomous Assembly Method of 3-Arm Robot to Fix the Multipin and Hole Load Plate on a Space Station." Space: Science & Technology 2021 (December 16, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/2021/9815389.
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Using space stations for a large number of observation, exploration, and research is a necessary way to fully develop space technology. It is a necessary means of space experiment to install the extravehicular experimental load by using the load plate. However, the extravehicular environment is full of danger, which poses a threat to the health and even safety of astronauts. Using robots to replace astronauts to complete this task can effectively reduce the threat to astronauts. Aiming at the problem that the configurations of existing space robots have difficulty in balancing the contradiction between complexity and dexterity, our previous work proposes a 12-DOF 3-arm robot and preliminarily explores the feasibility of its large-scale ability. This paper focus on the 8-DOF redundant dexterous manipulator composed of 2 of the robot arms. In view of the difficulties in solving the inverse kinematics of the redundant manipulator, the challenges of complex environmental lighting, and difficulties of matching multiple groups of holes and pins in the load plate assembly task, the research on the autonomous assembly of the load plate is carried out. The main work is as follows: (a) A variable D-H parameter inverse kinematics solution method is proposed, which lays a foundation for humanoid dexterous operation planning of the robot. (b) An autonomous operation method based on visual guidance and variable parameter admittance control is proposed. Finally, the safety and robustness of the robot in the autonomous assembly of the load plate with multipins and holes are successfully verified by experiments.
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Koenig, Katherine A., Stephen M. Rao, Mark J. Lowe, Jian Lin, Ken E. Sakaie, Lael Stone, Robert A. Bermel, Bruce D. Trapp, and Micheal D. Phillips. "The role of the thalamus and hippocampus in episodic memory performance in patients with multiple sclerosis." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 25, no. 4 (March 7, 2018): 574–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458518760716.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: Episodic memory loss is one of the most common cognitive symptoms in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), but the pathophysiology of this symptom remains unclear. Both the hippocampus and thalamus have been implicated in episodic memory and show regional atrophy in patients with MS. Objective: In this work, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during a verbal episodic memory task, lesion load, and volumetric measures of the hippocampus and thalamus to assess the relative contributions to verbal and visual–spatial episodic memory. Methods: Functional activation, lesion load, and volumetric measures from 32 patients with MS and 16 healthy controls were used in a predictive analysis of episodic memory function. Results: After adjusting for disease duration, immediate recall performance on a visual–spatial episodic memory task was significantly predicted by hippocampal volume ( p < 0.003). Delayed recall on the same task was significantly predicted by volume of the left thalamus ( p < 0.003). For both memory measures, functional activation of the thalamus during encoding was more predictive than that of volume measures ( p < 0.002). Conclusion: Our results suggest that functional activation may be useful as a predictive measure of episodic memory loss in patients with MS.
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Wang, Xin Rong, Min Tao, and Yun Xiang Jia. "Study on PID Parameters Turning Method Based on Simulink." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 2532–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.2532.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The process of PID parameters turning is complicated and time-consuming to engineering technician. To solve this problem, simulating the Z-N method of engineering turning, based on the simulink, a simple and efficient method for PID parameters turning is presented in this paper. Compares with the general methods, it has many advantages, such as simplicity, visual manipulation, leaving out the work load of program and so on. The simulation results show the effectiveness of this method and be fit for application in the engineering.