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Статті в журналах з теми "Visual and spatial collection structuring":
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Ortega Bravo, Bolivar Humberto, Diana Patricia Cedeño Castro, and Olga Varinia Briones Ordonez. "Assessment of landscape quality based on the identification of its properties." Universidad Ciencia y Tecnología 26, no. 113 (June 15, 2022): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.47460/uct.v26i113.567.
Анотація:
The work analyzes the assessment of landscape quality in Ricaurte Street in the city of Portoviejo, province of Manabí. The main properties were identified with the purpose of establishing the visual factors that give depth to the work. Using a qualitative methodology of a descriptive, analytical and deductive type, it was possible to give way to the collection of information through a survey of citizens, merchants, and architects of the sector. Several criteria were used for data analysis, such as historical attributes, symbolic attributes, spatial attributes, socio-economic attributes, constructive architectural attributes, landscape attributes, ecological natural attributes, and visual attributes. It was concluded that there is a landscape rupture, which is being linked to the re-structuring of the historiccenter of the city, in order to improve the landscape visibility of the area considered in the study.
Keywords: landscape quality, visual factors, green spaces.
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Burghardt, Dirk, Wolfgang Nejdl, Jochen Schiewe, and Monika Sester. "Volunteered Geographic Information: Interpretation, Visualisation and Social Computing (VGIscience)." Proceedings of the ICA 1 (May 16, 2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-proc-1-15-2018.
Анотація:
In the past years Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) has emerged as a novel form of user-generated content, which involves active generation of geo-data for example in citizen science projects or during crisis mapping as well as the passive collection of data via the user’s location-enabled mobile devices. In addition there are more and more sensors available that detect our environment with ever greater detail and dynamics. These data can be used for a variety of applications, not only for the solution of societal tasks such as in environment, health or transport fields, but also for the development of commercial products and services. The interpretation, visualisation and usage of such multi-source data is challenging because of the large heterogeneity, the differences in quality, the high update frequencies, the varying spatial-temporal resolution, subjective characteristics and low semantic structuring.<br> Therefore the German Research Foundation has launched a priority programme for the next 3&ndash;6 years which will support interdisciplinary research projects. This priority programme aims to provide a scientific basis for raising the potential of VGI- and sensor data. Research questions described more in detail in this short paper span from the extraction of spatial information, to the visual analysis and knowledge presentation, taking into account the social context while collecting and using VGI.
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Klein, Gil P. "Forget the Landscape: The Space of Rabbinic and Greco-Roman Mnemonics." Images 10, no. 1 (December 14, 2017): 23–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18718000-12340080.
Анотація:
Abstract This article investigates the notion of memorization in rabbinic and Roman spatial practices. The Greco-Roman mnemonic technique, in which space was a structuring device for the memorized ideas, words or images, has been extensively studied. Scholars have also demonstrated how such a technique was applied in rabbinic systems of memorization and the arrangement of oral traditions. Nevertheless, very little has been written about the role of mnemonics in the organization of space itself. In the first part of the article I use the comparison between the Corpus Agrimensorum Romanorum (first to fifth centuries CE collection of illuminated manuals of land survey and urban planning) and tractate Eruvin to explore references to cities in the shape of Greek letters, which are almost identical in the two texts. The fact that a list of cities in the shape of letters was used in the Roman corpus as a mnemonic device for the memorization of urban layouts suggests that the rabbis corresponded with such methods in their spatial formulations of the Sabbath Boundary. In the second part of the article I investigate the rabbinic system of forgotten produce (shikheḥah) that maps fields in order to determine which crops were unintentionally left behind by the farmer and consequently belonged to the poor. As I demonstrate, many of the spatial and visual principles applied by the rabbis in this system echo the mnemonic principles described in the Roman work on memorization Rhetorica Ad Herennium. The primary purpose of the article, however, is not merely to illuminate an instance of cultural exchange, but rather to point to the profound link established by mnemonics between space, image and language. The mechanism of organizing words and ideas spatially and visually affected the ways in which space was perceived and was, itself, organized.
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Zlatanova, S., S. Dragicevic, and G. Sithole. "PREFACE: TECHNICAL COMMISSION IV ON SPATIAL INFORMATION SCIENCE." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B4-2020 (August 24, 2020): 7–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b4-2020-7-2020.
Анотація:
Abstract. The unusual circumstances created by the coronavirus pandemic has impacted recent activities of Commission IV. The situation also provides an excellent opportunity to connect the work of the Commission to addressing an important global problem. Managing the social and economic challenges brought by increased complexity and interconnectivity of activities in human society requires new dimensions of analysing information and specifically spatial information. The increased pressure on the usage of geographic space, maintaining sustainable development and creating liveable community environments increases the requirements for spatial decision-making tools. Commission IV Spatial Information Science (2016–2020) is dedicated to advance research activities in spatial information sciences for modelling, structuring, management, analysis, visualization and simulation of (big) data with focus on the third spatial dimension and taking into consideration dynamic changes. Special attention is given to linking information about real-world physical phenomena with societal, organizational and legal information in order to address the complexity of issues in their entirety. The Commission has contributed to advancements in data modelling, data fusion and management, visualization (web-based, VR and AR), simulation and city analytics, and 3D applications. The work had largely been implemented in cooperation with international organizations such as FIG, UDMS, 3DGeoinfo, ICA, OGC, ISO and Web3D.The Commission consists of 10 scientific areas of research that is coordinated by 10 working groups (WG) as follows - WG1: Strengthen the work on multidimensional spatial model and representations towards seamless data fusion; WG2: Advance the semantic modelling, development and linking of ontologies; WG3: Intensify research into data interpretation, quality and uncertainty modelling; WG4: Strengthen research on crowdsourced data and public participation, towards community-driven and participatory applications, collaborative mapping and use/usability of maps; WG5: Strengthen research on seamless indoor/outdoor location-based services, navigation and tracking, and analysis of human movement; WG6: Advance interoperable Internet of Things, Sensor web, SDI and linked data; WG7: Advance research on spatial data types, indexing methods and analysis to further contribute to development of spatial DBMS for management and analysis of multi-dimensional data; WG8: Encourage the use of functional programming and streaming algorithms in development of demos and applications as well as parallel and distributed processing paradigms; WG9: Advance visual analytics, online multi-dimensional visualization on mobile and desktop devices, considering human-centred applications, privacy and security issues; WG10: Advance knowledge on the use of spatial information (BIM/GIS) for urban modelling; ICWG IV/III: Global Mapping: Updating, Verification and Interoperability with the mission to promote the development of advanced methodologies and applications for the update, verification and interoperability of geospatial databases.The papers received for the ISPRS congress reflect the above-mentioned scientific research areas. The reported research ranges from advancements in new and emerging theories, through experiments and analysis to demonstration of technologies in different applications. The research was captured through papers and abstracts published in the collection of ISPRS Annals and ISPRS Archives. The papers and abstracts were selected for inclusion through a rigorous peer-review process. The ISPRS Annals contain 29 papers and the ISPRS Archives contain 114 papers. The diversity of the research topics presented in the published papers clearly indicate the wide range of topics within the field of Spatial Information Science. A rigorous peer-review process by the ISPRS TC IV Scientific Committee Working Group Chairs ensured hight quality and scientific innovation.
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Zlatanova, S., S. Dragicevic, and G. Sithole. "Preface: Technical Commission IV on Spatial Information Science." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences V-4-2020 (August 3, 2020): 7–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-v-4-2020-7-2020.
Анотація:
Abstract. The unusual circumstances created by the coronavirus pandemic has impacted recent activities of Commission IV. The situation also provides an excellent opportunity to connect the work of the Commission to addressing an important global problem. Managing the social and economic challenges brought by increased complexity and interconnectivity of activities in human society requires new dimensions of analysing information and specifically spatial information. The increased pressure on the usage of geographic space, maintaining sustainable development and creating liveable community environments increases the requirements for spatial decision-making tools. Commission IV Spatial Information Science (2016–2020) is dedicated to advance research activities in spatial information sciences for modelling, structuring, management, analysis, visualization and simulation of (big) data with focus on the third spatial dimension and taking into consideration dynamic changes. Special attention is given to linking information about real-world physical phenomena with societal, organizational and legal information in order to address the complexity of issues in their entirety. The Commission has contributed to advancements in data modelling, data fusion and management, visualization (web-based, VR and AR), simulation and city analytics, and 3D applications. The work had largely been implemented in cooperation with international organizations such as FIG, UDMS, 3DGeoinfo, ICA, OGC, ISO and Web3D.The Commission consists of 10 scientific areas of research that is coordinated by 10 working groups (WG) as follows - WG1: Strengthen the work on multidimensional spatial model and representations towards seamless data fusion; WG2: Advance the semantic modelling, development and linking of ontologies; WG3: Intensify research into data interpretation, quality and uncertainty modelling; WG4: Strengthen research on crowdsourced data and public participation, towards community-driven and participatory applications, collaborative mapping and use/usability of maps; WG5: Strengthen research on seamless indoor/outdoor location-based services, navigation and tracking, and analysis of human movement; WG6: Advance interoperable Internet of Things, Sensor web, SDI and linked data; WG7: Advance research on spatial data types, indexing methods and analysis to further contribute to development of spatial DBMS for management and analysis of multi-dimensional data; WG8: Encourage the use of functional programming and streaming algorithms in development of demos and applications as well as parallel and distributed processing paradigms; WG9: Advance visual analytics, online multi-dimensional visualization on mobile and desktop devices, considering human-centred applications, privacy and security issues; WG10: Advance knowledge on the use of spatial information (BIM/GIS) for urban modelling; ICWG IV/III: Global Mapping: Updating, Verification and Interoperability with the mission to promote the development of advanced methodologies and applications for the update, verification and interoperability of geospatial databases.The papers received for the ISPRS congress reflect the above-mentioned scientific research areas. The reported research ranges from advancements in new and emerging theories, through experiments and analysis to demonstration of technologies in different applications. The research was captured through papers and abstracts published in the collection of ISPRS Annals and ISPRS Archives. The papers and abstracts were selected for inclusion through a rigorous peer-review process. The ISPRS Annals contain 29 papers and the ISPRS Archives contain 114 papers. The diversity of the research topics presented in the published papers clearly indicate the wide range of topics within the field of Spatial Information Science. A rigorous peer-review process by the ISPRS TC IV Scientific Committee Working Group Chairs ensured hight quality and scientific innovation.
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Dorofeeva-Lichtmann, Vera. "THE HAN RIVER AS THE CENTRAL AXIS AND THE PREDOMINANCE OF WATER: QUESTIONING THE CLAIM OF “NO CHU-RELATED TRAITS” IN THE VIEW OF TERRESTRIAL SPACE IN THE RONG CHENG SHI MANUSCRIPT (FOURTH CENTURY B.C.E)." Early China 44 (September 2021): 143–235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/eac.2021.7.
Анотація:
AbstractThe description of the “Nine Provinces” (Jiu zhou 九州) found in the Rong Cheng shi 容成氏 (Mister Rong Cheng?, late fourth century b.c.e.) manuscript from the Shanghai Museum Bamboo Slips Collection (Shangbo cangjian 上博藏簡) is the only manuscript version of it known to date. Its discovery immediately raised the question of its relation to the cluster of descriptions on the “Nine Provinces” transmitted from the late Warring States to the early Western Han periods. There is general consensus that the manuscript description of the “Nine Provinces” has close affinity with the transmitted descriptions, as well as with a wide spectrum of transmitted early Chinese texts in general. It is distinguished by the eclectic combining of known spatial concepts, rather than manifesting any radically new or specifically Chu traits. In this study I reassess this impression with respect to the reference to the Han River in the manuscript, which up to now has been noted only in passing as an unsolved puzzle. I argue that the Han River is referred to here as the central axis that divides terrestrial space into southern and northern halves, something that implies a shifting of the mapped area to the South and thus conveys a Chu view of space. Together with philological analysis of the descriptions of terrestrial space, I apply an innovative method of investigation of these descriptions through landmarks, using as a visual aid traditional Chinese historical maps. In addition, I explore the predominance of waters as the distinguishing feature of the representation of terrestrial space in the Rong Cheng shi manuscript and demonstrate its difference from the structuring of terrestrial space proceeding from mountains to waterways to be seen in the majority of transmitted early Chinese texts.
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Qi, Yan, Xue Rong Fan, and Rong Rong Cui. "Qipao in a University Museum Collection of China, 1912-1949." Advanced Materials Research 821-822 (September 2013): 713–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.821-822.713.
Анотація:
The purpose was to demonstrate a process to characterize a segment of a university collection from an object base using an existing aesthetic framework. A collection consisting of 40 Chinese Qipaos in the Republic Period were analyzed for their repetitive and defining features. Qipaos were selected as examples of defining features and analyzed using the concept of structuring within Delongs framework of visual analysis. This process demonstrated how aesthetics could be applied to raise awareness of artifacts within the collection. The result was a characterization of the collection in the Republic Period in terms of defining features that included structuring and the visual result of an intergration of layout and surface.
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Spasic, Nenad, Vesna Jokic, and Tamara Maricic. "Managing spatial development in zones undergoing major structural changes." Spatium, no. 21 (2009): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/spat0921053s.
Анотація:
Paper considers different aspects of spatial development management in the zones characterized by significant spatial interventions, whose consequences are structural changes in usage of space, social and economic development, environmental and ambient quality. Those are, above all, big mining regions, zones of big water accumulations and main infrastructure corridors. Paper deals with normative, institutional and organizational assumptions for managing spatial development, planning approaches, construction and spatial arrangement, searching and structuring data basis and development of information system, system of indicators and monitoring system. Special attention is given to balance and synchronization of activities during compilation of study, planning and technical documentation, as well as procedures of considering and enacting appropriate decisions by competent authorities on national, regional and local level.
9
Siddiqi, Anooradha. "Ephemerality." Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 40, no. 1 (May 1, 2020): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/1089201x-8186005.
Анотація:
Abstract What are the politics of ephemerality? In the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees establishment at Dadaab, Kenya, a massive complex of refugee camps near the border of Somalia, the visual and architectural terms of ephemerality—a permanent impermanence—transform the act of seeing. By thinking through one refugee's experience and analyzing urbanism, architectural form and symbolism, and spatial-political organization, this essay suggests that ephemerality plays a part in structuring subjectivity, with implications for the narration of history.
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Arslan, Ayşenur, and Mesture Kayhan Altay. "Spatial Strategies Used by Students With Visual Impairments to Solve Questions of Spatial Visualization." Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness 115, no. 5 (September 2021): 436–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145482x211046668.
Анотація:
Introduction: This study examines the spatial abilities of middle school students with visual impairments (i.e., blindness and low vision) in the context of spatial visualization. The study also aims to examine the strategies used by such students in solving questions requiring spatial ability. Methods: Participants comprised eight students with visual impairments attending the 8th grade of a school in Ankara, Turkey, which teaches students with visual impairments. The data collection tool is composed of eight questions under the guidance of the definition for spatial visualization. Question types belonging to the spatial visualization subcomponent were organized in four topics: 2D rotation, 3D rotation, paper folding, and cube folding. Results: It was observed that students with visual impairments used mental rotation and key feature strategies for 2D rotation questions. They used the key feature strategy for 3D rotation questions and the mental manipulation strategy for cube folding and paper folding questions. Discussion: In this study, it was identified that strategies used by students with visual impairments show similarities with spatial strategies defined in the literature as used by students without visual impairments. Of all the other types of questions, the most successful question of students with visual impairments is the paper folding question. Implications for practitioners: The results of this article can help teachers become aware of the kind of difficulties that students with visual impairments encounter when they try to solve questions that require spatial ability.
Дисертації з теми "Visual and spatial collection structuring":
1
Blettery, Emile. "Structuring heritage iconographic collections : from automatic interlinking to semi-automatic visual validation." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Gustave Eiffel, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UEFL2001.
Анотація:
Cette thèse explore des approches de structuration automatique et semi-automatique pour les collections de contenus iconographiques patrimoniaux. La structuration et l'exploitation de tels contenus pourrait s'avérer bénéfique pour de nombreuses applications, du tourisme virtuel à un accès facilité pour les chercheurs et le grand public. Cependant, l'organisation "en silo" inhérente à ces collections entrave les approches de structuration automatique et toutes les applications subséquentes.La communauté de la vision par ordinateur a proposé de nombreuses méthodes automatiques pour l'indexation (et la structuration) de collections d'images à grande échelle. Exploitant l'aspect visuel des contenus, elles fonctionnent indépendamment des structures de métadonnées qui organisent principalement les collections patrimoniales, apparaissant ainsi comme une solution potentielle au problème de liage entre les structures uniques des différentes collections. Cependant, ces méthodes sont généralement entrainées sur de grands jeux d'images récentes ne reflétant pas la diversité visuelle des contenus patrimoniaux. Cette thèse vise à évaluer et à améliorer ces méthodes automatiques pour la structuration des contenus iconographiques patrimoniaux. Pour cela, cette thèse apporte trois différentes contributions avec l'objectif commun d'assurer une certaine explicabilité des méthodes évaluées et proposées, nécessaire pour justifier de leur pertinence et faciliter leur adaptation à de nouvelles acquisitions. La première contribution est une évaluation des approches automatiques de recherche d'images basée sur le contenu, confrontées aux différents types de données du patrimoine iconographique. Cette évaluation se concentre d'abord sur les descripteurs d'images de l'étape de recherche d'images, puis sur les méthodes de ré-ordonnancement qui réorganisent ensuite les images similaires en fonction d'un autre critère. Les approches les plus pertinentes peuvent alors être sélectionnées pour la suite tandis que celles qui ne le sont pas fournissent des informations inspirant notre deuxième contribution. La deuxième contribution consiste en trois nouvelles méthodes de ré-ordonnancement exploitant des informations spatiales plus ou moins globales pour réévaluer les liens de similarité visuelle créés par l'étape de recherche d'images. La première exploite les premières images retrouvées pour créer une scène 3D approximative dans laquelle les images retrouvées sont positionnées pour évaluer leur cohérence dans la scène. La deuxième simplifie la première avec une expansion de requête géométrique, c'est-à-dire en agrégeant des informations géométriques 2D issues des images récupérées pour encoder plus largement la géométrie de la scène sans la reconstruire (ce qui est couteux en temps de calcul). Enfin, la troisième exploite des informations de position plus globales, à l'échelle du jeu d'images, pour estimer la cohérence entre la similarité visuelle entre images et leur proximité spatiale. La troisième et dernière contribution est un processus semi-automatique de validation visuelle et de correction manuelle de la structuration d'une collection. Ce cadre exploite les approches automatiques les plus adaptées et une plateforme de visualisation basée sur une représentation en graphes. Nous utilisons plusieurs indices visuels pour orienter l'intervention manuelle de l'expert sur les zones impactantes. Cette approche semi-automatique guidée présente des avantages certains, car elle résout des erreurs de structuration qui échappent aux méthodes automatiques. Ces corrections étant ensuite largement diffusées dans toute la structure, l'améliorant globalement.Nous espérons que notre travail apportera quelques perspectives sur la structuration automatique de contenus iconographiques patrimoniaux par des approches basées sur le contenu, tout en ouvrant la porte à davantage de recherches sur la structuration semi-automatique guidée de collections d'imagesThis thesis explores automatic and semi-automatic structuring approaches for iconographic heritage contents collections. Indeed, exploiting such contents could prove beneficial for numerous applications. From virtual tourism to increased access for both researchers and the general public, structuring the collections would increase their accessibility and their use. However, the inherent "in silo" organization of those collections, each with their unique organization system hinders automatic structuring approaches and all subsequent applications. The computer vision community has proposed numerous automatic methods for indexing (and structuring) image collections at large scale. Exploiting the visual aspect of the contents, they are not impacted by the differences in metadata structures that mainly organize heritage collections, thus appearing as a potential solution to the problem of linking together unique data structures. However, those methods are trained on large, recent datasets, that do not reflect the visual diversity of iconographic heritage contents. This thesis aims at evaluating and exploiting those automatic methods for iconographic heritage contents structuring.To this end, this thesis proposes three distinct contributions with the common goal of ensuring a certain level of interpretability for the methods that are both evaluated and proposed. This interpretability is necessary to justify their efficiency to deal with such complex data but also to understand how to adapt them to new and different content. The first contribution of this thesis is an evaluation of existing state-of-the-art automatic content-based image retrieval (CBIR) approaches when faced with the different types of data composing iconographic heritage. This evaluation focuses first on image descriptors paramount for the image retrieval step and second, on re-ranking methods that re-order similar images after a first retrieval step based on another criterion. The most relevant approaches can then be selected for further use while the non-relevant ones provide insights for our second contribution. The second contribution consists of three novel re-ranking methods exploiting a more or less global spatial information to re-evaluate the relevance of visual similarity links created by the CBIR step. The first one exploits the first retrieved images to create an approximate 3D scene of the scene in which retrieved images are positioned to evaluate their coherence in the scene. The second one simplifies the first while extending the classical geometric verification setting by performing geometric query expansion, that is aggregating 2D geometric information from retrieved images to encode more largely the scene's geometry without the costly step of 3D scene creation. Finally, the third one exploits a more global location information, at dataset-level, to estimate the coherence of the visual similarity between images with regard to their spatial proximity. The third and final contribution is a framework for semi-automatic visual validation and manual correction of a collection's structuring. This framework exploits on one side the most suited automatic approaches evaluated or proposed earlier, and on the other side a graph-based visualization platform. We exploit several visual clues to focus the expert's manual intervention on impacting areas. We show that this guided semi-automatic approach has merits in terms of performance as it solves mistakes in the structuring that automatic methods can not, these corrections being then largely diffused throughout the structure, improving it even more globally.We hope our work will provide some first insights on automatically structuring heritage iconographic content with content-based approaches but also encourage further research on guided semi-automatic structuring of image collections
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Jerome, Christian. "ORIENTING OF VISUAL-SPATIAL ATTENTION WITH AUGMENTED REALITY: EFFECTS OF SPATIAL AND NON-SPATIAL MULTI-MODAL CUES." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2006. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4141.
Анотація:
Advances in simulation technology have brought about many improvements to the way we train tasks, as well as how we perform tasks in the operational field. Augmented reality (AR) is an example of how to enhance the user's experience in the real world with computer generated information and graphics. Visual search tasks are known to be capacity demanding and therefore may be improved by training in an AR environment. During the experimental task, participants searched for enemies (while cued from visual, auditory, tactile, combinations of two, or all three modality cues) and tried to shoot them while avoiding shooting the civilians (fratricide) for two 2-minute low-workload scenarios, and two 2-minute high-workload scenarios. The results showed significant benefits of attentional cuing on visual search task performance as revealed by benefits in reaction time and accuracy from the presence of the haptic cues and auditory cues when displayed alone and the combination of the visual and haptic cues together. Fratricide occurrence was shown to be amplified by the presence of the audio cues. The two levels of workload produced differences within individual's task performance for accuracy and reaction time. Accuracy and reaction time were significantly better with the medium cues than all the others and the control condition during low workload and marginally better during high workload. Cue specificity resulted in a non-linear function in terms of performance in the low workload condition. These results are in support of Posner's (1978) theory that, in general, cueing can benefit locating targets in the environment by aligning the attentional system with the visual input pathways. The cue modality does not have to match the target modality. This research is relevant to potential applications of AR technology. Furthermore, the results identify and describe perceptual and/or cognitive issues with the use of displaying computer generated augmented objects and information overlaid upon the real world. The results also serve as a basis for providing a variety of training and design recommendations to direct attention during military operations. Such recommendations include cueing the Soldier to the location of hazards, and mitigating the effects of stress and workload.Ph.D.
Department of Psychology
Sciences
Psychology
3
Fincannon, Thomas. "Visuo-spatial abilities in remote perception: A meta-analysis of empirical work." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5632.
Анотація:
Meta-analysis was used to investigate the relationship between visuo-spatial ability and performance in remote environments. In order to be included, each study needed to examine the relationship between the use of an ego-centric perspective and various dimensions of performance (i.e., identification, localization, navigation, and mission completion time). The moderator analysis investigated relationships involving: (a) visuo-spatial construct with an emphasis on Carroll's (1993) visualization (VZ) factor; (b) performance outcome (i.e., identification, localization, navigation, and mission completion time); (c) autonomy to support mission performance; (d) task type (i.e., navigation vs. reconnaissance); and (e) experimental testbed (i.e., physical vs. virtual environments). The process of searching and screening for published and unpublished analyses identified 81 works of interest that were found to represent 50 unique datasets. 518 effects were extracted from these datasets for analyses. Analyses of aggregated effects (Hunter & Schmidt, 2004) found that visuo-spatial abilities were significantly associated with each construct, such that effect sizes ranged from weak (r = .235) to moderately strong (r = .371). For meta-regression (Borenstein, Hedges, Figgins, & Rothstein, 2009; Kalaian & Raudenbush, 1996; Tabachnick & Fidell, 2007), moderation by visuo-spatial construct (i.e., focusing on visualization) was consistently supported for all outcomes. For at least one of the outcomes, support was found for moderation by test, the reliability coefficient of a test, autonomy (i.e. to support identification, localization, and navigation), testbed (i.e., physical vs. virtual environment), intended domain of application, and gender. These findings illustrate that majority of what researchers refer to as “spatial ability” actually uses measures that load onto Carroll's (1993) visualization (VZ) factor. The associations between this predictor and all performance outcomes were significant, but the significant variation across moderators highlight important issues for the design of unmanned systems and the external validity of findings across domains. For example, higher levels of autonomy for supporting navigation decreased the association between visualization (VZ) and performance. In contrast, higher levels of autonomy for supporting identification and localization increased the association between visualization (VZ) and performance. Furthermore, moderation by testbed, intended domain of application, and gender challenged the degree to which findings can be expected to generalize across domains and sets of participants.Ph.D.
Doctorate
Psychology
Sciences
Psychology; Human Factors Psychology
4
Noordhuis-Fairfax, Sarina. "Field | Guide: John Berger and the diagrammatic exploration of place." Phd thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/154278.
Анотація:
Positioned between writing and drawing, the diagram is proposed by John Berger as an alternative strategy for articulating encounters with landscape. A diagrammatic approach offers a schematic vocabulary that can compress time and offer a spatial reading of information. Situated within the contemporary field of direct data visualisation, my practice-led research interprets Berger’s ‘Field’ essay as a guide to producing four field | studies within a suburban park in Canberra. My seasonal investigations demonstrate how applying the conventions of the pictorial list, dot-distribution map, routing diagram and colour-wheel reveals subtle ecological and biographical narratives.
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Wentzel, Dorithea Maria. "Kwasizabantu : a spatial development framework and detail design." Diss., 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24388.
Анотація:
The aim of this thesis is to analyse and interpret the existent and future needs of the people and environment of the mission station, Kwasizabantu,to ensure settlement growth that will enhance the social, economical and environmental aspects of the settlement. This will result in a development framework of the whole site, a master plan for the lifespan of the settlement and detailed design of the heart of the settlement.Dissertation (ML(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2009.
Architecture
unrestricted
Книги з теми "Visual and spatial collection structuring":
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Dibazar, Pedram, and Judith Naeff, eds. Visualizing the Street. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789462984356.
Анотація:
From user-generated images of streets to professional architectural renderings, and from digital maps and drone footages to representations of invisible digital ecologies, this collection of essays analyses the emergent practices of visualizing the street. Today, advancements in digital technologies of the image have given rise to the production and dissemination of imagery of streets and urban realities in multiple forms. The ubiquitous presence of digital visualizations has in turn created new forms of urban practice and modes of spatial encounter. Everyone who carries a smartphone not only plays an increasingly significant role in the production, editing and circulation of images of the street, but also relies on those images to experience urban worlds and to navigate in them. Such entangled forms of image-making and image-sharing have constructed new imaginaries of the street and have had a significant impact on the ways in which contemporary and future streets are understood, imagined, documented, navigated, mediated and visualized. Visualizing the Street investigates the social and cultural significance of these new developments at the intersection of visual culture and urban space. The interdisciplinary essays provide new concepts, theories and research methods that combine close analyses of street images and imaginaries with the study of the practices of their production and circulation. The book covers a wide range of visible and invisible geographies — From Hong Kong’s streets to Rio’s favelas, from Sydney’s suburbs to London’s street markets, and from Damascus’ war-torn streets to Istanbul’s sidewalks — and engages with multiple ways in which visualizations of the street function to document street protests and urban change, to build imaginaries of urban communities and alternate worlds, and to help navigate streetscapes.
2
Chalupa, Leo M., and John S. Werner, eds. The Visual Neurosciences, 2-vol. set. The MIT Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/7131.001.0001.
Анотація:
An essential reference book for visual science. Visual science is the model system for neuroscience, its findings relevant to all other areas. This massive collection of papers by leading researchers in the field will become an essential reference for researchers and students in visual neuroscience, and will be of importance to researchers and professionals in other disciplines, including molecular and cellular biology, cognitive science, ophthalmology, psychology, computer science, optometry, and education. Over 100 chapters cover the entire field of visual neuroscience, from its historical foundations to the latest research and findings in molecular mechanisms and network modeling. The book is organized by topic—different sections cover such subjects as the history of vision science; developmental processes; retinal mechanisms and processes; organization of visual pathways; subcortical processing; processing in the primary visual cortex; detection and sampling; brightness and color; form, shape, and object recognition; motion, depth, and spatial relationships; eye movements; attention and cognition; and theoretical and computational perspectives. The list of contributors includes leading international researchers in visual science. Bradford Books imprint
3
Gibson, Catherine. Geographies of Nationhood. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192844323.001.0001.
Анотація:
Geographies of Nationhood examines the meteoric rise of ethnographic mapmaking in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries as a form of visual and material culture that gave expression to territorialised visions of nationhood. In the Russian Empire’s Baltic provinces, the development of ethnographic cartography, as part of the broader field of statistical data visualisation, progressively became a tool that lent legitimacy and an experiential dimension to nationalist arguments, as well as a wide range of alternative spatial configurations that rendered the inhabitants of the Baltic as part of local, imperial, and global geographies. The book argues that map production and the spread of cartographic literacy as a mass phenomenon in Baltic society transformed how people made sense of linguistic, ethnic, and religious similarities and differences by imbuing them with an alleged scientific objectivity that was later used to determine the political structuring of the Baltic region and beyond. The book treads new ground by expanding the focus beyond elites to include a diverse range of mapmakers, such as local bureaucrats, commercial enterprises, clergymen, family members, teachers, and landowners. It shifts the focus from imperial learned and military institutions to examine the proliferation of mapmaking across diverse sites in the Russian Empire, including the provincial administration, local learned societies, private homes, and schools. Understanding ethnographic maps in the social context of their production, circulation, consumption, and reception is crucial for assessing their impact as powerful shapers of popular geographical conceptions of nationhood, state-building, and border-drawing.
4
Rose, Gillian, Sam Hind, Scott Rodgers, Monica Degen, Isobel Ward, Zlatan Krajina, Giorgia Aiello, Joel McKim, Ayona Datta, and Asli Duru. Seeing the City Digitally. Amsterdam University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463727037.
Анотація:
This book explores what’s happening to ways of seeing urban spaces in the contemporary moment, when so many of the technologies through which cities are visualised are digital. Cities have always been pictured, in many media and for many different purposes. This edited collection explores how that picturing is changing in an era of digital visual culture. Analogue visual technologies like film cameras were understood as creating some sort of a trace of the real city. Digital visual technologies, in contrast, harvest and process digital data to create images that are constantly refreshed, modified and circulated. Each of the chapters in this volume examines a different example of how this processual visuality is reconfiguring the spatial and temporal organisation of urban life.
5
Blatt, Ari J., and Edward Welch, eds. France in Flux. Liverpool University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781786941787.001.0001.
Анотація:
The look and feel of metropolitan France has been a notable preoccupation of French literary and visual culture since the 1980s. Numerous writers, filmmakers and photographers have been drawn to articulate France’s contrasting spatial qualities, from infrastructural installations such as roads, rail lines and ports, to peri-urban residential developments and isolated rural enclaves. In doing so, they explore how the country’s acute sense of national identity has been both asserted and challenged in topographic terms. This wide-ranging collection of essays explores how the contemporary concern with space in France has taken shape across a range of media, from recent cinema, documentary filmmaking and photographic projects through to television drama and contemporary fiction, and examines what it reveals about the state of the nation in a post-colonial and post-industrial age. The impact of global flows of capital, trade and migration can be mapped through attention to the specificities of place and topography. Investigation of liminal locations, from seaboard cities and abandoned industrial sites to refugee camps and peasant smallholdings, interrogates the assertion of a national territory (and thereby, a national identity) through the figure of the hexagon, and highlights the fluidities, instabilities and lines of flight which render it increasingly unsettled.
6
Mapes, Gwynne. Elite Authenticity. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197533444.001.0001.
Анотація:
Food plays a central role in the production of culture and is likewise a powerful resource for the representation and organization of social order. Status is thus asserted or contested through both the materiality of food (i.e. its substance, its raw economics, and its manufacture or preparation) and through its discursivity (i.e. its marketing, staging, and the way it is depicted and discussed). This intersection of materiality and discursivity makes food an ideal site for examining the place of language in contemporary class formations, and for engaging cutting-edge debates in sociolinguistics and elsewhere on “language materiality.” In Elite Authenticity, Gwynne Mapes integrates theories of mediatization, materiality, and authenticity in order to explore the discursive production of elite status and class inequality in food discourse. Relying on a range of methodological approaches, Mapes examines restaurant reviews and articles published in the New York Times food section; a collection of Instagram posts from ©nytfood; ethnographically informed fieldwork in four renowned Brooklyn, New York, restaurants; and a recorded dinner conversation with six food enthusiasts. Across these varied genres of data, she demonstrates how a discourse of “elite authenticity” represents a particular surfacing of rhetorical maneuvers in which distinction is orchestrated, avowed/disavowed, and circulated. Elite Authenticity takes a multimodal critical discourse analysis approach, drawing on theories from linguistics, food and cultural studies, anthropology, sociology, and philosophy. Its presentation and analysis of aural, visual, spatial, material, and embodied discourse will be of interest to scholars and students of communication studies, critical discourse studies, sociolinguistics, linguistic anthropology, and cultural geography.
7
Cloud, Dana L., ed. The Oxford Encyclopedia of Communication and Critical Cultural Studies. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acref/9780190459611.001.0001.
Анотація:
106 scholarly articles This is a compendium of touchstone articles by prominent communication, rhetorical, and cultural studies scholars about topics of interest to scholars and critics of popular and political culture. Articles provide authoritative surveys of concepts such as rhetorical construction of bodies, Marxist, feminist, and poststructuralist traditions, materialisms, social movements, race and anti-racist critique, whiteness, surveillance and security, visual communication, globalization, social media and digital communication/cyberculture, performance studies, the “post-human” turn, critical organizational communication, public memory, gaming, cultural industries, colonialism and postcolonialism, The Birmingham and Frankfurt Schools, commodity culture, critical health culture studies, nation and identity, public spheres, psychoanalytic theory and methods, affect theory, anti-Semitism, queer studies, critical argumentation studies, diaspora, development, intersectionality, Islamophobia, subaltern studies, spatial studies, rhetoric and cultural studies, neoliberalism, critical pedagogy, urban studies, deconstruction, audience studies, labor, war, age studies, motherhood studies, popular culture, communication in the Global South, and more. The work also surveys critical thinkers for cultural studies including Stuart Hall, Antonio Gramsci, Jesus Martin Barbero, Angela Davis, Ernesto Laclau, Raymond Williams, Giles Deleuze, Jurgen Habermas, Frantz Fanon, Chandra Mohanty, Gayatri Spivak, Michel Foucault, Louis Althusser, Juan Carlos Rodriguez, Gloria Anzaldua, Paolo Freire, Donna Haraway, Georgio Agamben, Slavoj Zizek, W.E.B. DuBois, Sara Ahmed, Paul Gilroy, Enrique Dussel, Michael Warner, Lauren Berlant, Judith Butler, Jean Baudrillard, Walter Mignolo, Edward Said, Alain Badiou, Homi Bhabha, among others. Each entry is distinguished by lists of key references and suggestions for further reading. The collection is sure to be a vital resource for faculty, graduate students, and undergraduates seeking authoritative overviews of key concepts and people in communication and critical cultural studies.
Частини книг з теми "Visual and spatial collection structuring":
1
Frantzidis, C. A., C. Pappas, and P. D. Bamidis. "A Frequency Synchronization Study on the Temporal and Spatial Evolution of Emotional Visual Processing Using Wavelet Entropy and IAPS Picture Collection." In XII Mediterranean Conference on Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing 2010, 683–86. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13039-7_172.
2
Casas, Robert D. Thompson. "Applying DATEMATS Methods and Tools to Nanomaterials: A Design Challenge by the Company Antolin." In Materialising the Future, 83–101. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25207-5_5.
Анотація:
AbstractA current area of R&D focuses on developing optimal workshop methodologies which are based on didact-creative programmes specifically tailored to stimulate creative insight within participants, through the delivery of perfected techniques in both knowledge transfer and creative development sessions. The overarching goal of these methods is to develop and deliver new and useful projected applications of material properties and technologies which, when combined, can progress into new and previously unforeseen advancements in innovation across diverse fields of applicability. Here, contending technologies, whichever they may be, are presented to a select public of participants, followed by various collaborative creativity techniques whereby the assimilated information is collected, categorized and then reassimilated into new forms of innovative ordering, structuring and integrated storytelling. Although a number of creativity and technology building workshops exist, this particular study relates to the methods for developing new art applications from distinct physio-chemical traits found among a diverse collection of nanotech materials, including and in particular, carbon-based ones. An object of this paper is to disclose the specific didactic and creativity techniques used in a workshop setting which was performed in collaboration with the Antolin group who is a manufacturer and provider of helical carbon nanofibers. A further objective of this paper is to derive conclusive evaluations and insights regarding the successes and failures encountered during the knowledge transfer phases and their conversion into creative insights and market potential. Various creativity fostering strategies are presented as they were adopted through third-party mediated practices in similarity-finding, inductive and deductive reasoning, exercises in free-association/abstraction and visual Imagineering of scientifically supported product outcomes.
3
Freudenburg, Kirk. "Introducing Suture." In Virgil's Cinematic Art, 15—C1N31. Oxford University PressNew York, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197643242.003.0002.
Анотація:
Abstract This chapter seeks to establish connections between the way that film directors and cinematographers stitch their stories together in narrative films, and the way that visual information is parceled out and managed by writers of ancient epic. The visual workings of three passages from Homer’s Iliad and Virgil’s Aeneid are reframed in terms of common practices of cinematic “suture,” that is, seen as versions of what film directors do in stitching one shot to the next in order to establish not only “who sees,” but to produce illusions of spatial wholeness and continuity in the story itself. The main argument throughout is that the poets’ visual evocations do far more than enliven the story-telling by lighting things up and adding splashes of color and sound. Rather, they do serious narrative work of their own by structuring lines of sight, both visual and emotional, and shifting them about. Through these important (but commonly overlooked) means, epic writers tell us not just who is watching, but who is most engaged with what is there to be seen at any given time. In so doing, they tell us things about characters, their interests, emotional states, and motivations, etc., that we would otherwise not know.
4
Keating, Elizabeth. "Paths And Regions In Honorific Speech." In Power Sharing, 68–98. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195111972.003.0004.
Анотація:
Abstract Perhaps the most frequent site of Pohnpeian honorifics is in expressing common place verbs of motion and stasis (i.e., a person’s relative position or path to a goal position in space). Grammar constitutes at least two status levels or planes of movement and location, one high and one low. These verbally constructed levels complement a nonverbal, visual structuring of space, in which the concepts of high and low (vertical) are imposed or mapped onto a horizontal plane (the floor or ground). This chapter, along with chapter 5, examines the relationship between the verbal and nonverbal spatial organizational schemes-how relationships between discourse organization and spatial organization create a collaboratively achieved, cognitively shared world. In addition, I discuss an important construction in which any common verb can be made honorific through the use of an additional verb. This construction appears to be highly context sensitive and in the humiliative form to have interactional significance beyond lowering the status of participants’ activities (e.g., conflict avoidance or mitigation). I also examine inclusive and exclusive strategies in honorific speech through choice of verbs and the implications for constraining access to power. Although verbs denoting speech and knowledge states have an identical morphology to transitive humiliative movement verbs, these domains are discussed in chapter 6. For the present, I concentrate on the paths and regions constituted for people in honorific speech by honorific verbs and the use of the special status raising verbs used with common speech verbs.
5
Li, Yuhong, Jiajun Lu, Qiongfeng Jiang, and Zhiyuan Zeng. "Design and Implementation of a Hybrid Architecture Big Data Platform for Catchment Water Resource Spatial Temporal Management and Control." In Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde210214.
Анотація:
The management and protection of catchment water resource are effective measures to promote the harmonious coexistence of human and nature, and accelerate the construction of ecological civilization. Effective storage, management, and retrieval of large spatial temporal data in catchment water resource are facing enormous challenges. At the same time, higher requirements are put forward for data concurrent access support capability and security reliability. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out research on intelligent management and control of large spatial temporal data in catchment water resource. This paper develops a hybrid architecture storage and retrieval system for large spatial temporal data of catchment water resource, which solves the problems of efficient storage and retrieval of massive multi-source heterogeneous data and concurrent access support. Combined with the technical specifications of water resources and geographic information related countries and industries, the existing water-related management system is migrated and integrated by using the “one-source-one-repository” model, avoiding repeated collection and storage of observation data, improving data consistency, and facilitating data sharing among various subsystems. HBase-based tile pyramid storage is used to implement fast visual display and query of data. Metadata model based on MongoDB document model is used to simplify metadata description. At the same time, the Elasticsearch search engine is used to build metadata full-text index, which provides multiple matching methods such as exact matching, fuzzy search, and range query. Spatial vector feature data storage model is established based on GeoJSON and MongoDB, build spatial index, design auxiliary index to accelerate data query and filtering, design sharing strategy in shared replication cluster, balance the contradiction between data distribution and query efficiency.
6
Coltman, Viccy. "‘Placed with propriety’: The display and viewing of ancient sculpture." In Classical Sculpture and the Culture of Collecting in Britain Since 1760, 191–232. Oxford University PressOxford, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199551262.003.0007.
Анотація:
Abstract In a letter from Charles Townley’s uncle cited in the preceding chapter, the projected location of Richard Cosway’s conversation piece (plate 18) was alluded to. Seemingly on account of its risque´ subject matter, it was not to be hung in one of the public, formal rooms in Townley’s London townhouse at the upper end of Whitehall, rather in a prominent position over the fireplace in the more intimate, informal space of the parlour. An awareness of the physical location of Cosway’s conversation piece temporarily suspends the climax of the phallic camaraderie that it celebrates in visual form and leads us to consider the related issue that is the display of sculptures in Townley’s collection, examples of which have been identified in Cosway’s conversation piece. In discussing the disposition of the collection, a number of different strands of intellectual enquiry will be drawn together. The significance of its topographical location brings us into the realm of cultural geography; its built environment is the bricks and mortar of architectural history, forming the shell which accommodates the domestic interior and the spatial arrangement of the sculptures therein. Through the exhibition of his marbles, it will be demonstrated how Townley continually confronted a series of irreconcilable tensions between metropolitan and provincial properties, between the urban townhouse or the rural country house that was his ancestral Lancashire seat, and between the choice of a single gallery or a suite of adjoining display spaces, either purpose-built or remodelled to accommodate the collection.
7
Hong, Joo Young, Pyoung Jik Lee, and Jin Yong Jeon. "Assessments of Urban Soundscapes." In Advances in Civil and Industrial Engineering, 46–72. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3637-6.ch003.
Анотація:
Soundscape refers to the acoustic environment perceived by humans within a given context. This chapter introduces the assessment of urban soundscapes based on recent research conducted in Seoul, South Korea. This chapter begins by describing soundscape data collection and analysis. A participatory soundwalk approach concentrating on the experiences and impressions of each participant is discussed. The conceptual models for soundscapes that are developed from social surveys are also examined. These approaches are used to collect and analyze the soundscape components of an environment. The chapter then discusses soundscape design with natural sounds under laboratory conditions. Various natural sounds such as water sounds are introduced in order to enhance soundscapes and to clarify their acoustical characteristics. This discussion is followed by an examination of the interrelationship between audio-visual components, specifically highlighting the soundscape design of urban streets. Finally, this chapter considers soundscape maps as well as the spatial relationship among soundscape variables.
8
Pánek, Jiří, and Vít Pászto. "Emotional Mapping in Local Neighbourhood Planning." In Sustainable Infrastructure, 541–64. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0948-7.ch025.
Анотація:
City planning, decision-making and participation in local administration can be sometimes elitist, closed to the public and non-participatory processes. Citizens are frequently a neglected part of these activities and are usually only involved and considered prior to elections. Yet citizens have a relevant role in the processes of town planning and administration. This paper describes the implementation of a web-based crowdsourcing tool for the collection and visualisation of emotion-based and subjective information on maps. The tool was used in a case study of neighbourhood development consultation in the city of Příbram, the Czech Republic. Visual, textual and statistical analyses showed a similar spatial distribution of some topics within the Křižáky neighbourhood and provide results, combining qualitative and quantitative approaches in the process of e-participation in urban e-planning. The results presented in this paper allow replication of the research methodology in other areas as well as its implementation.
9
Yin, Huiying, Miaohang Kang, Liu Yang, Zheng Ma, and Heng Liu. "Low-Light Road Disease Detection Algorithm Based on YOLOv8." In Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde240385.
Анотація:
China has an extensive road network, thus requiring daily maintenance. During the collection of road defect data sets, scenarios with low illumination or extreme lack of light may occur. In such environments, the quality of image collection can be significantly reduced due to the low visibility of the surrounding environment, leading to the absence of intricate details. These challenges can negatively impact subsequent intricate visual tasks, including object detection and defect recognition utilizing road dataset images, thereby diminishing the precision and efficiency of the recognition process. Therefore, this paper adopts the Retinex algorithm to enhance low-illumination road images and performs road defect detection on the enhanced images, significantly improving the detection accuracy. An enhanced YOLOv8 detection algorithm is introduced to boost the detection efficiency of road defects. This updated algorithm incorporates FasterNet as the feature extraction network, resulting in improved computational speed. Integrating the Deformable-LKA module in the Neck layer can enhance the detection capability for small and irregularly shaped objects. RFAConv, a combination of spatial attention mechanisms and convolution operations, is employed to enhance the detection head and amplify the model’s feature extraction capabilities.The introduced algorithm model undergoes training, validation, and testing procedures on road defect datasets, while also being evaluated against other algorithm models for comparison. The improved algorithm model can achieve accurate recognition of road defects.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Visual and spatial collection structuring":
1
Pipanmekaporn, Luepol, and Suwatchai Kamonsantiroj. "Visual Instance Retrieval for Cultural Heritage Artifacts using Feature Pyramid Network." In 9th International Conference on Human Interaction and Emerging Technologies - Artificial Intelligence and Future Applications. AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002933.
Анотація:
Digitized photographs are commonly employed by archaeologists to assist in uncovering ancient artefacts. However, locating a specific image within a vast collection remains a significant obstacle. The metadata associated with images is often sparse, marking keyword-based searches difficult. In this paper, we propose a new visual search method to improve retrieval performance by utilizing visual descriptors generated from a feature pyramid network. This network is a convolutional neural network (CNN) model that incorporates additional modules for feature extraction and enhancement. The first module encodes an image into regional features through spatial pyramid pooling, while the second module emphasizes distinctive spatial features. Additionally, we introduce a two-stage feature attention to enhance feature quality and a compact descriptor is then formed by aggregating these features for searching the image. We tested our proposed method on benchmark datasets and a public vast collection of Thailand’s ancient artefacts. Results from our experiments show that the proposed method achieves 77.9% of mean average precision, which outperforms existing CNN-based visual descriptors.
2
Salehi, Faezeh, Moein Razavi, Mason Smith, and Manish Dixit. "Integrated Eye-Tracking and EEG Data Collection and Synchronization for Virtual Reality-Based Spatial Ability Assessments." In Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI 2024) Integrating People and Intelligent Systems. AHFE International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004499.
Анотація:
In the realm of virtual reality (VR) research, the synergy of methodological advancements, technical innovation, and novel applications is paramount. Our work encapsulates these facets in the context of spatial ability assessments conducted within a VR environment. This paper presents a comprehensive and integrated framework of VR, eye-tracking, and electroencephalography (EEG), which seamlessly combines measuring participants’ behavioral performance and simultaneously collecting time-stamped eye tracking and EEG data to enable understanding how spatial ability is impacted in certain conditions and if such conditions demand increased attention and mental allocation. This framework encompasses the measurement of participants’ gaze pattern (e.g., fixation and saccades), EEG data (e.g., Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Theta wave patterns), and psychometric and behavioral test performance. On the technical front, we utilized the Unity 3D game engine as the core for running our spatial ability tasks by simulating altered conditions of space exploration. We simulated two types of space exploration conditions: (1) microgravity condition in which participants’ idiotropic (body) axis is in statically and dynamically misaligned with their visual axis; and (2) conditions of Martian terrain that offers a visual frame of reference (FOR) but with limited and unfamiliar landmarks objects. We specifically targeted assessing human spatial ability and spatial perception. To assess spatial ability, we digitalized behavioral tests of Purdue Spatial Visualization Test: Rotations (PSVT: R), the Mental Cutting Test (MCT), and the Perspective Taking Ability (PTA) test and integrated them into the VR settings to evaluate participants’ spatial visualization, spatial relations, and spatial orientation ability, respectively. For spatial perception, we applied digitalized versions of size and distance perception tests to measure participants’ subjective perception of size and distance. A suite of C# scripts orchestrated the VR experience, enabling real-time data collection and synchronization. This technical innovation includes the integration of data streams from diverse sources, such as VIVE controllers, eye-tracking devices, and EEG hardware, to ensure a cohesive and comprehensive dataset. A pivotal challenge in our research was synchronizing data from EEG, eye tracking, and VR tasks to facilitate comprehensive analysis. To address this challenge, we employed the Unity interface of the OpenSync library, a tool designed to unify disparate data sources in the fields of psychology and neuroscience. This approach ensures that all collected measures share a common time reference, enabling meaningful analysis of participant performance, gaze behavior, and EEG activity. The Unity-based system seamlessly incorporates task parameters, participant data, and VIVE controller inputs, providing a versatile platform for conducting assessments in diverse domains. Finally, we were able to collect synchronized measurements of participants’ scores on the behavioral tests of spatial ability and spatial perception, their gaze data and EEG data. In this paper, we present the whole process of combining the eye-tracking and EEG workflows into the VR settings and collecting relevant measurements. We believe that our work not only advances the state-of-the-art in spatial ability assessments but also underscores the potential of virtual reality as a versatile tool in cognitive research, therapy, and rehabilitation.
3
Dmitriev, E. V., T. V. Kondranin, P. G. Melnik, and S. A. Donskoy. "Statistical texture analysis of forest areas from very high spatial resolution satellite images." In Spatial Data Processing for Monitoring of Natural and Anthropogenic Processes 2021. Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25743/sdm.2021.64.23.009.
Анотація:
Aerospace images with a spatial resolution of less than 1 m are actively used by regional services to obtain and update information about various environmental objects. Considerable efforts are being devoted to the development of remote sensing methods for forest areas. The structure of the forest canopy depends on various parameters, most of which are determined by ground-based methods during forest management works. Remote sensing methods for assessing the structural parameters of forest stands are based on texture analysis of panchromatic and multispectral images. A statistical approach is often used to extract texture features. The basis of this approach is the description of the distributions characterizing the mutual arrangement of image pixels in grayscale. This paper compares the effectiveness of matrix based statistical methods for extracting textural features for solving the problem of classifying various natural and manmade objects, as well as structures of the forest canopy. We consider statistics of various orders based on estimates of the distributions of gray levels, as well as the mutual occurrence, frequency, difference and structuring of gray levels. The results of assessing the informativeness of statistical textural characteristics in determining various structures of the forest canopy are presented. Dependences of the classification results on the choice of distribution parameters are determined. For the quantitative validation of the results obtained, data from ground surveys and expert visual classification of very high resolution WorldView-2 images of the territories of Savvatyevkoe and Bronnitskoe forestries are used.
4
Matusewicz, T. "The Culture-Forming Effect of a Bridge as a Spatial-temporal Cultural Code." In IABSE Symposium, Wroclaw 2020: Synergy of Culture and Civil Engineering – History and Challenges. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/wroclaw.2020.0276.
Анотація:
<p>The aim of this article is to find a common platform between builders/designers of bridges and creators/consumers of culture, in order to present this very important industry and its influence on nature and society, considering the meeting in mental and sensual space, which has a visual message similar in structure to the bridge. For a modern man, surrounded by dynamic and multifaceted visual environment, living between digital information overload and material messages without narrative translation is a significant perceptual challenge. To face this challenge, it would be helpful to analyse the structure of surrounding iconography. Our cognitive imperative defines the level of our awareness and responsibility for the place we live in. We must co-create it. This requires us to recognise the expectations of recipients. The ability to recognise is an inexhaustible depository of knowledge about the cultural and national identity, about the entire European civilization and world heritage, as well as about mechanisms of aggregation and connecting different values: results of activities arising from the culture-rooted need to seek the truth, the meaning of our deeds and civilizational discourses that mix together in the public space. We are dealing with an inexhaustible collection of information - cultural codes, important in cognitive, interpretation processes and in developing new meanings. [2] Cultural codes in the construction industry are assigned with an equivalent of complementary values, such as: wisdom, operational logic, durability, wealth. They are carriers of positive action and a constructive visual communication in terms of form and function, resulting in a clear concise message with a wide range of references to the bridge: connecting river banks, people, creating communication across boundaries. The presence of the code is common on multiple levels of social interaction</p>
5
Orhan Nalbantoglu, Ezgi. "Transition in Spaces of Power: An analysis on public buildings in Ankara, Turkey." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5067.
Анотація:
Ankara, the capital of Turkey, experienced a fundamental spatial structuring process after the proclamation of the Republic. The vision of modernity and protective economic structure of the Early Republican era determined the spatial configuration of the city and produced public buildings as the icons of the young regime. City planning and architecture had been used as the instruments of the new regime in making itself visible, concrete, and symbolized. The buildings and urban plans transmitting the foundation ideals of Republic together with modernity have contributed to the creation of national sovereignty and a modern society. After the span of eighty years, the new politic-economic climate of Turkey redesigned the urban regime of Ankara and its symbols. One of the most concrete transformations is observed in the public offices which convey the political and economic intents of each period through their spatial and architectural organizations, and symbolic meanings. This study examines the change in the urban symbols with an emphasis on public offices; their spatial organization, their archistar buildings, and their messages conveyed to public with respect to the change in political and economic systems. This article concludes that public offices and their relations with urban space and public are considered as the icons in representing the dominant political power in both the early republican period and post-2000s; the former period benefited them as the visual representations of national sovereignty while the latter used them as the landmarks of the authoritarian and neoliberal political power over the nation.
6
Weaver, Morgan B., Jacob Buck, Hillary Merzdorf, Denis Dorozhkin, Kerrie Douglas, and Julie Linsey. "Investigating Priming Effects of Sketch Evaluation Instructions on Idea Generation Productivity." In ASME 2022 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2022-91313.
Анотація:
Abstract Engineering design involves intensive visual-spatial reasoning, and engineers depend upon external representation to develop concepts during idea generation. Previous research has not explored how our visual representation skills influence our idea generation effectiveness. A designer’s deficit in sketching skills could create a need for increased focus on the task of visual representation reducing cognitive resources available for the task at hand — generating concept. Further, this effect could be compounded if designers believed that their sketching skill would be evaluated or judged by their peers. This evaluation apprehension could cause additional mental workload distracting from the production of idea generation. The goal of this study is to investigate and better understand the relationship between designers’ sketching skills and idea generation abilities. In this paper, we present preliminary results of the relationship between independent measures of sketching skill and idea generation ability from an entry-level engineering design and graphics course. During data collection, task instructions were given in two ways to independent groups: one group was instructed upfront that sketching would be evaluated, while the second group was kept blind to the sketch evaluation. In this paper, we also examine the potential priming effects of sketch quality evaluation apprehension on idea generation productivity. The results show that sketching quality and idea quantity are largely independent, and that the priming effects of sketch evaluation instructions are small to negligible on idea generation productivity.
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Rodrigues Leite, Amanda, Shayane Pereira Gonçalves, Anderson Pontes Morales, Bruna Carvalho Pelliciari, and Mauricio Rocha Calomeni. "Combined physical and cognitive exercises impact on the power of slow brainwaves of elderly with mild cognitive commitment (MCC)." In 7th International Congress on Scientific Knowledge. Biológicas & Saúde, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25242/8868113820212388.
Анотація:
Population aging is a global phenomenon, the passage from an aging state that is healthy to a process of loss of cognitive functions is mediated by the installation of a state of Mild Cognitive Commitment (MCC), which may or may not evolve into dementia. . In the early stages of dementia there is an increase in Theta activity and the more advanced stages there is an increase in Delta activity. The study verified the effect of the association of physical and cognitive stimuli on the power of Theta and Delta brain waves of elderly people with MCC. 18 elderly of both genders,aged over 60 years, diagnosed with CCL were divided into Control Group (CG, n=8); Experimental Group (GE, n=10). Brainwave power was determined via EEG with electrodes positioned according to the international 10/20 system. Asepsis of the checkpoints was performed with cotton and a 70º alcohol solution. For data collection, it was verified if the electrode impedance rate was below 20 (KΩ). Brain activity was monitored for 3 minutes to determine a baseline. The points of interest were points F7 which is related to visual and auditory working memory, selective and divided attention, F8 related to visual and spatial working memory, emotional processing and attention maintenance, and finally points P3 and P4 related to problem-solving, attention, and association, visual processing and non-verbal association. In addition to these, points A1 and A2 were used as a reference and another point as ground. The CG continued to attend memory training meetings. The GE went through training sessions that combined physical and cognitive exercises. Weekly 40-minute sessions were held for 7 weeks. Test T was used in all comparisons. It was found that the GC registered Theta increase in the parietal areas and Delta in both the parietal and frontal areas. The GE had a decrease in theta wave power in the parietal and frontal areas. None of the comparisons between groups proved to be statistically significant. It is concluded that the association of physical and cognitive stimuli applied in weekly sessions of 40 minutes for 7 weekswas not sufficient to produce statistically significant results. However, the observed results are qualitatively similar to those of other studies that indicate the efficiency of this type of training when used during longer intervention periods.
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Shah, Jami J., Roger E. Millsap, Jay Woodward, and S. M. Smith. "Applied Tests of Design Skills: Divergent Thinking Data Analysis and Reliability Studies." In ASME 2010 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2010-28886.
Анотація:
A number of cognitive skills relevant to conceptual design were identified. They include Divergent Thinking, Visual Thinking, Spatial Reasoning, Qualitative Reasoning and Problem Formulation. A battery of standardized tests have been developed for these skills. We have previously reported on the contents and rationale for divergent thinking and visual thinking tests. This paper focuses on data collection and detailed statistical analysis of one test, namely the divergent thinking test. This particular test has been given to over 500 engineering students and a smaller number of practicing engineers. It is designed to evaluate four direct measures (fluency, flexibility, originality, quality) and four indirect measures (abstractability, afixability, detailability, decomplexability). The eight questions on the test overlap in some measures and the responses can be used to evaluate several measures independently (e.g., fluency and originality can be evaluated separately from the same idea set). The data on the 23 measured variables were factor analyzed using both exploratory and confirmatory procedures. Two variables were dropped from these exploratory analyses for reasons explained in the paper. For the remaining 21 variables, a four-factor solution with correlated (oblique) factors was deemed the best available solution after examining solutions with more factors. Five of the 21 variables did not load meaningfully on any of the four factors. These indirect measures did not appear to correlate strongly either among themselves, or with the other direct measures. The remaining 16 variables loaded on four factors as follows: The four factors correspond to the different measures belonging to each of the four questions. In other words, the different fluency, flexibility, or originality variables did not form factors limited to these forms of creative thinking. Instead the analyses showed factors associated with the questions themselves (with the exception of questions corresponding to indirect measures). The above four-factor structure was then taken into a confirmatory factor analytic procedure that adjusted for the missing data. After making some adjustments, the above four-factor solution was found to provide a reasonable fit to the data. Estimated correlations among the four factors (F) ranged from a high of .32 for F1 and F2 to a low of .06 for F3 and F4. All factor loadings were statistically significant.
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Bartlett, Angela, Gavin Coppins, and Peter Burgess. "A Practical Approach to Characterise and Assess a Site Drainage System in Support of Site Restoration." In ASME 2009 12th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2009-16008.
Анотація:
Part of the nuclear site restoration and delicensing process involves the characterisation and assessment of below-ground drainage systems. Site restoration is currently underway at Harwell in Oxfordshire where there is a complex drainage system that has developed over more than 70 years. Drainage decommissioning involves visual inspections, jet-washing and radiological surveys prior to final grouting. Prior to decommissioning, the structural and radiological condition of the network was unknown and now requires characterisation and assessment against defined clean-up criteria before the land can be released for future use. This paper outlines the application of an innovative Geographic Information System (GIS) and data management methodology to assess the structural and radiological condition of the drainage network at Harwell. The approach demonstrates the importance of efficient data collection and storage, implemented using UKAEA’s IMAGES land quality data management system. It also details several GIS techniques that can be utilised to accurately position below-ground surveys and record pipe material and diameter for surveyed drain sections. The aim of the monitoring process is to identify any activity which exceeds the delicensing criteria set by the Nuclear Installations Inspectorate (NII). The relevant criteria are the residual activity and the risk to a future site occupier. The maximum missable activity for each pipe class was determined by considering instrumentation characteristics and natural background radiation levels. The equipment used (a caesium iodide scintillation probe connected to a ratemeter), was limited by the small diameter of some drains. The hypothesis chosen was that residual activity was most likely to lie along the base of the pipe, given that the drains generally ran with only a limited depth. The response was measured for 137Cs gamma radiation and then used to calculate the net count rate for a variety of pipe configurations. Variability of the data was investigated in relation to static probe response and variations in counts per second along a pipe length. Analysis of the data using GIS showed clear spatial patterns, indicating systematic variability within each pipe material and diameter class. Clearance criteria were derived from this analysis and will be used to establish whether the specific sections of drain can remain in situ or require removal. This approach improves safety and cost performance of the decommissioning process and ensures that a transparent and auditable record of the status of the drainage system remains for the future re-use of the land as the Harwell Science and Innovation Campus.
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Briggs, Shannon, Jonas Braasch, Tomek Strzalkowski, Bryan Burns, Samuel Chabot, Abraham Sanders, and Erfan Al-Hossami. "A Cognitive Immersive Room for Intelligence Analysis Scenarios (CIRIAS)." In 14th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003867.
Анотація:
Intelligence can be understood as the timely delivery of actionable information. Our Cognitive Immersive Room for Intelligence Analysis Scenarios (CIRAS) supports foraging and processing information during time-critical scenarios. Intelligence has an ambiguous meaning and could either refer to the ability to learn and reason well using a logical approach or to use a standard procedure to gather and process public and secret information about an adverse entity (e.g., a foreign country) to forecast threats and opportunities. While the latter definition of intelligence roots in military operations, similar methods have been successfully applied in the civil domain, for example, forensic sciences and corporate business decisions. In this paper, we describe the use of cognitive immersive environments for collaborative decision-making using the general procedures of intelligence analysis, especially the concept of the foraging loop by Pirolli and Card (2005). We focus on three use cases, traffic-pattern analysis, bibliographic search, and travel planning, to explain the benefit of virtual environments for the efficient and time-constrained decision-making process. Each of these examples leans heavily on information-foraging behaviors, which have been historically a bottleneck for intelligence gathering. By leveraging the cognitive immersive technology, we will transfer some of the granular search and sort activities to the system, reducing the cognitive load experienced by users during intelligence tasks. The progressive dialog system paired with our map views allows users to plan points of interest across travel itineraries and allows users to plan routes during challenging traffic. Our brainstorming tool supports text source discovery, allowing users to build a knowledge base, and supports bibliography creation.This approach aids analysis in reducing time and time and effort; timely analysis is typically critical in reconnaissance and other intelligence analyst tasks. During collection and analysis, information has to be pulled from various sources and shared among an expert team. CIRIAS possesses matured technologies to source information through personal interfaces such as computer terminals, handheld devices, and dialog systems while also allowing interfacing between groups of people.The latter is important within the shared context between analysts to allow sharing the most relevant information while deferring other information. To bridge this technology gap, we propose a Situations Room environment that enables small teams to pursue intelligence analyst tasks together. In this room, each member can gather information individually while also exchanging and displaying relevant data among each other on large immersive displays. The room provides immersive audio/visual displays to facilitate this as a shared resource while connecting participants to personal devices. The room tracks participants via gestural and acoustic sensors, displays information in spatial relationships to users and extracts speech information and gestures. An existing audio/visual tracking system provides continuous locations of team members using a 6-camera network and a 16-channel spherical microphone. The latter is also used for speech recognition, and assigns input to individual participants for context-based dialog functions utilizing beamforming and tracking. The system can be adapted to different tasks in a flexible manner, which we will explore during our use case discussion.