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Статті в журналах з теми "Vision disorders"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 3 березня 2023

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1

Gallaway, Michael, Mitchell Scheiman, and G. Lynn Mitchell. "Vision Therapy for Post-Concussion Vision Disorders." Optometry and Vision Science 94, no. 1 (January 2017): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/opx.0000000000000935.

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2

Galaburda, Albert M., and Bradley C. Duchaine. "Developmental disorders of vision." Neurologic Clinics 21, no. 3 (August 2003): 687–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0733-8619(02)00096-8.

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3

Kafle, Niraj, Swastika Adhikari, and Aparajita Kar. "Disorders Encountered Low Vision." Acta Scientific Ophthalmology 6, no. 2 (February 1, 2023): 40–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.31080/asop.2023.06.0618.

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4

Thieme, Deborah-Teresa, Romuald Brunner, Stephanie Kandsperger, and Herbert Jägle. "Colour Vision Disorder due to Conversion Disorders in Childhood." Klinische Monatsblätter für Augenheilkunde 238, no. 10 (October 2021): 1077–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1645-1616.

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Abstract Background Non-organic vision loss can manifest in various ways, most commonly in the form of reduced vision and visual field defects. Colour vision disorders in the context of a conversion disorder have only rarely been reported. Materials and Methods This review presents the case of a 9-year-old boy with a colour vision disorder as the isolated symptom of a conversion disorder. The challenging in this case was an additional somatic comorbidity – a congenital red-green deficiency. Consequently it was difficult to make a diagnosis and to convince the parents. Conclusion It is important to rule out organic causes and establish the diagnosis of a conversion disorder. In these cases, multidisciplinary treatment is crucial for a successful outcome. The diagnosis may be especially challenging when the patients have both somatic and psychogenic complaints.

5

Petzold, Axel, and Gordon T. Plant. "Clinical disorders affecting mesopic vision." Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics 26, no. 3 (May 2006): 326–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-1313.2006.00417.x.

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6

Simmons, David R., Ashley E. Robertson, Lawrie S. McKay, Erin Toal, Phil McAleer, and Frank E. Pollick. "Vision in autism spectrum disorders." Vision Research 49, no. 22 (November 2009): 2705–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2009.08.005.

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7

Klushyn, Yurii. "Mobile system for spatial orientation of people with vision disorders." Computer systems and network 4, no. 1 (December 16, 2022): 67–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/csn2022.01.067.

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Based on the analysis of existing systems for helping blind people to navigate in space, an understanding arose in the creation of a new system that would have a completely different approach to the interaction of a blind user with the existing world. Such a system, having the function of a voice message, provides a blind person with information and thus helps him orientate in space. Existing approaches focus on providing sound signals, which only make it possible to redirect a person in a certain direction, prohibit or allow movement. Therefore, there was a need to develop such a mobile system that would help people with visual impairments to navigate in the room based on the information they received in the form of a voice message. The object of the research is methods and means of helping blind people in the orientation of the premises using the received signal level indicator RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication). For Wi-Fi and Bluetooth 4.0 devices, RSSI is the only parameter that allows you to measure the distance from the device to a base station or beacon. The developed mobile system combines components such as web client, server application, databases and mobile application to operate the Bluetooth ESP32 module. Based on these components, this article provides a methodology for building a mobile system, describes the development environ- ment with its functions and capabilities, provides a detailed description of launching and configuring programs with explanations of key points in the system’s operation.

8

Rao, Diwakar. "Prevalence of Non Strabismic Binocular Vision Disorders in Patients with Asthenopia." Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Healthcare 1, no. 1 (October 1, 2014): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15415/jmrh.2014.11003.

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9

Holterman, Julia A. "OPTOMETRIC MANAGEMENT OF NEARPOINT VISION DISORDERS." Optometry and Vision Science 71, no. 8 (August 1994): 542. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006324-199408000-00010.

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10

Girkin, Christopher A., and Neil R. Miller. "Central Disorders of Vision in Humans." Survey of Ophthalmology 45, no. 5 (March 2001): 379–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0039-6257(00)00208-3.

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11

Peiffer, Adam J., James MacDonald, Drew Duerson, Gladys Mitchell, Andrew T. E. Hartwick, and Catherine E. McDaniel. "The Influence of Binocular Vision Symptoms on Computerized Neurocognitive Testing of Adolescents With Concussion." Clinical Pediatrics 59, no. 11 (June 1, 2020): 961–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009922820927477.

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Binocular vision disorders are commonly found postconcussion and associated with high symptom burden. We investigated the relationship between binocular vision symptoms and neurocognitive test performance. Thirty-four adolescents with concussion and 18 without concussion were assessed for cognitive performance using the CogState Brief Battery. Binocular vision disorders were determined using clinical examination and vision symptoms with the Convergence Insufficiency Symptoms Survey (CISS). A cutoff CISS score of 13 had high predictive accuracy for identifying individuals with a binocular vision disorder. CogState scores for processing speed and attention were significantly lower in the concussion group compared with the control group. Within the concussion group, scores for attention, learning, and working memory were significantly lower in those with vision symptoms. The presence of vision symptoms did not significantly affect CogState scores within the control group. The presence of vision symptoms in individuals with concussion is associated with significantly reduced scores on individual components of the CogState.

12

Cagnolati, Wolfgang. "Prototyp eines Bildschirmfarbtests." Optometry & Contact Lenses 1, no. 5 (November 29, 2021): 172–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.54352/dozv.jykr6019.

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Purpose. The purpose of this study is to develop a new digital colour vision test. Material and Methods. Based on the principle of metamerism, a digital testing strategy was developed for efficient measurement of colour vision. Twentyfive subjects participated in the study, 21 of whom had normal colour vision and four of whom had a congenital colour vision disorder. Differences in colour vision were examined by monocular presentation of halfquadrants of different hues and degrees of saturation, and the algorithm calculated the colour vision defects that occurred based on the subjects’ responses. The following colour vision values were assigned from the data: a colour scale range of 2.76 – 7.18 for normal colour vision and greater than 7.18 for colour sense disorders. A second new colour scale assessed the type of colour vision disturbance: in the range of 0 – 0.3 were values for a deuteranomaly, in the range of 0.6 – 1.0 were values for a protanomaly, and a value of 1.0 corresponded to a tritanomaly. Results. The difference in colour vision between subjects with normal colour vision and those with a colour vision defect was confirmed (p < 0.001) by measuring the type and the extent of the colour vision disorder was determined. In the group of subjects with normal colour perception, a mean colour scale value of 3.41 ± 0.52 was determined. The extent of colour sense disturbance for the subjects with colour vision impairment was values of 7.18 – 14.33 according to the colour scale, indicating greater variability. Conclusion. The developed algorithm provided meaningful results regarding the colour perception of the test persons. It was possible to differentiate between normal colour vision and colour vision disorder could be shown. Furthermore, the variation between subjects with normal colour vision could be evaluated. Keywords. Colors, colour vision, colour sense disorders, colour test, software algorithm

13

Laties, Alan M. "Vision Disorders and Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors." Drug Safety 32, no. 1 (2009): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00002018-200932010-00001.

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14

Whitman, Mary C. "Axonal Growth Abnormalities Underlying Ocular Cranial Nerve Disorders." Annual Review of Vision Science 7, no. 1 (September 15, 2021): 827–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-vision-093019-114307.

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Abnormalities in cranial motor nerve development cause paralytic strabismus syndromes, collectively referred to as congenital cranial dysinnervation disorders, in which patients cannot fully move their eyes. These disorders can arise through one of two mechanisms: ( a) defective motor neuron specification, usually by loss of a transcription factor necessary for brainstem patterning, or ( b) axon growth and guidance abnormalities of the oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nerves. This review focuses on our current understanding of axon guidance mechanisms in the cranial motor nerves and how disease-causing mutations disrupt axon targeting. Abnormalities of axon growth and guidance are often limited to a single nerve or subdivision, even when the causative gene is ubiquitously expressed. Additionally, when one nerve is absent, its normal target muscles attract other motor neurons. Study of these disorders highlights the complexities of axon guidance and how each population of neurons uses a unique but overlapping set of axon guidance pathways.

15

Brune, Anthony, and Daniel Gold. "Acute Visual Disorders—What Should the Neurologist Know?" Seminars in Neurology 39, no. 01 (February 2019): 053–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1677007.

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AbstractNormal vision requires coordination of precisely controlled and coordinated eye movements and normal function of a large cortical and subcortical sensory network. Given the required precision of the system and wide anatomic distribution of the motor and sensory visual systems, vision can be disrupted by a variety of central and peripheral nervous system disorders. While many of these may be relatively benign or have no proven therapy, several may be isolated presentations or harbingers of more serious neurologic conditions. Both monocular and binocular vision losses may be isolated presentations of stroke or its equivalent. Other etiologies of monocular vision loss may represent the initial presentation of potentially disabling conditions. Binocular diplopia, caused by impaired movement of one or both eyes, may represent a condition with no acute therapy and a benign natural history, or a progressive potentially life-threatening syndrome. Most people are heavily reliant upon vision, so that even a subtle change in vision due to disturbed afferent or efferent pathways is invariably noticed, and presentation to the emergency department for eye symptoms is common. The accurate evaluation of these patients in the acute setting is essential to identify the patients requiring immediate testing or treatment.

16

Dumoulin, Serge O., and Tomas Knapen. "How Visual Cortical Organization Is Altered by Ophthalmologic and Neurologic Disorders." Annual Review of Vision Science 4, no. 1 (September 15, 2018): 357–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-vision-091517-033948.

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Receptive fields are a core property of cortical organization. Modern neuroimaging allows routine access to visual population receptive fields (pRFs), enabling investigations of clinical disorders. Yet how the underlying neural circuitry operates is controversial. The controversy surrounds observations that measurements of pRFs can change in healthy adults as well as in patients with a range of ophthalmological and neurological disorders. The debate relates to the balance between plasticity and stability of the underlying neural circuitry. We propose that to move the debate forward, the field needs to define the implied mechanism. First, we review the pRF changes in both healthy subjects and those with clinical disorders. Then, we propose a computational model that describes how pRFs can change in healthy humans. We assert that we can correctly interpret the pRF changes in clinical disorders only if we establish the capabilities and limitations of pRF dynamics in healthy humans with mechanistic models that provide quantitative predictions.

17

Tiefeh, Najmollah, Hasan Behboudi, RezaSoltani Moghadam, and MortezaFallah Karkan. "Vision disorders in drivers involved in traffic accidents." Journal of Ophthalmic and Vision Research 12, no. 4 (2017): 451. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jovr.jovr_169_17.

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18

Schindler, Antonio. "The phoniatric vision on communication and its disorders." Audiological Medicine 8, no. 4 (October 27, 2010): 161–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/1651386x.2010.531547.

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19

Garcia, L. Carpio, C. Martín Villarroel, M. Sánchez Revuelta, J. Matsuura, J. Dominguez Cutanda, and E. García. "Mental illness pathogenia: Anxiety disorders, an evolutive vision." European Psychiatry 64, S1 (April 2021): S610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1624.

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IntroductionThere are many authors that follow and develop Pinel-hypotheses about unitary psychosis, joining recent discoveries in neuropathology and neurochemistry, supporting the vision of mental illness as neurodevelop disorders. The classification they suggest, distinguishes early, late neurodevelop disorders, and those related to traumatic factors, what determine an evolutive vision of this pathology. In terms of anxiety symptoms/disorders, they have been usually associated with categorical pathology, and treated focus on symptoms,unfortunately relapses are very frequent.ObjectivesProving that the evolutive vision may ease a change on the intervention of anxiety disorders, that would propound different therapeutic alternatives.MethodsA bibliographic search was performed from different databases, showing throw aspects related to main etiopathogenic theories about anxiety disorders from an evolutive vision.ResultsEvolutive-Psychology raises that anxiety is a concomitant process to development, that grows progressively and is necessary to induce changes in it. However a high level of anxiety might block that process or causes alterations. In that sense, anxiety-disorders may be related to an excess of anxiety that provoke a fault in present handling mechanisms. According to classic dynamic-theories, these mechanisms are associated with defence concept, but now we can link them to neurobiological development. From this point, there exists an asymmetric neurological maturation through childhood-adolescence that translates different manifestations of anxiety along development, initially more related with external contemption and relationship with caregiver, but later with hormonal pulses, physical changes and separation from family.ConclusionsThe evolutive vision allows to understand development fluctuation of anxiety symptoms along the growth process, more accurately than categorical classic tendency.DisclosureNo significant relationships.

20

Vasyuta, V., and V. Biloshytskyi. "Acute vision loss in neurosurgical and neurological disorders." Oftalmologicheskii Zhurnal 77, no. 6 (December 28, 2018): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.31288/oftalmolzh201866570.

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21

Smith, Alan. "Lysosomal Storage Disorders—A Vision of the Future." Clinical Therapeutics 29 (January 2007): S74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0149-2918(07)80453-x.

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22

Davidson, S., and G. E. Quinn. "The Impact of Pediatric Vision Disorders in Adulthood." PEDIATRICS 127, no. 2 (January 3, 2011): 334–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2010-1911.

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23

Kornyushina, T. A. "Rehabilitation methods for individuals with functional vision disorders." Vestnik oftal'mologii 135, no. 3 (2019): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17116/oftalma201913503131.

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24

Apkarian, P. "Chiasmal crossing defects in disorders of binocular vision." Eye 10, no. 2 (March 1996): 222–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/eye.1996.50.

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25

Lin, Jinn, Fang-Yao Chiu, and Mel S. Lee. "Vision for the Formosan Journal of Musculoskeletal Disorders." Formosan Journal of Musculoskeletal Disorders 1, no. 1 (November 2010): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fjmd.2010.10.009.

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26

Wang, Bingsong, Nathan Congdon, Rupert Bourne, Yichong Li, Kai Cao, Aiping Zhao, Mayinuer Yusufu, Wenlan Dong, Maigeng Zhou, and Ningli Wang. "Burden of vision loss associated with eye disease in China 1990–2020: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015." British Journal of Ophthalmology 102, no. 2 (June 12, 2017): 220–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2017-310333.

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AimsTo assess the burden of vision loss due to eye disease in China between 1990 and 2015, and to predict the burden in 2020.MethodsData from the GBD 2015 (Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2015) were used. The main outcome measures were prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs) for vision loss due to cataract, glaucoma, macular degeneration, other vision loss, refraction and accommodation disorders and trachoma.ResultsPrevalence for eye diseases increased steadily from 1990 to 2015, and will increase until 2020. From 1990 to 2015, the most common eye disorder was refraction and accommodation disorders. From 1990 to 2015, the vision loss burden due to eye disease decreased for those aged 0–14 years, and increased for those aged 15 years and above, with the most notable increases occurring among those aged 50 years and above. China ranked 10th when comparing YLDs for vision loss due to eye disease with the other members of the G20 (Group of Twenty, an international forum for the governments from 20 major economies) . Age-standardised YLD rates for vision loss due to eye disease declined in all 19 countries, except for China. The burden from vision loss due to eye disease ranked 12th and 11th among all causes of health loss in China in 1990 and 2015, respectively.ConclusionAlone among major economies, China has experienced an increase in the burden of age-standardised vision loss from eye disease over the last two decades. In the future, China may expect a growing burden of vision loss due to population growth and ageing.

27

Brunner, Romuald, Herbert Jägle, and Stephanie Kandsperger. "Dissociative Visual Loss in Children and Adolescents." Klinische Monatsblätter für Augenheilkunde 238, no. 10 (October 2021): 1084–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1617-3193.

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AbstractPsychogenic vision disorders in children and adolescents are a common disorder primarily encountered by ophthalmologists at the onset because, as with other disorders of dissociation, the presentation suggests a neurologic or other somatic condition. Loss of visual acuity, blurred vision and visual field restriction–often described as tunnel vision–appears to be typical. The onset may be sudden, frequently related to a wide range of stressful life events (school failure, family conflicts, accidents). While the majority of these children quickly recover from their symptoms, a substantial percentage experience persistent symptoms or a fluctuating course. Due to the lack of efficacy studies of specific treatment protocols, diagnostic work-up and treatment suffer from a high degree of uncertainty. Differentiating dissociative visual loss from physical illness requires special expertise. The uncertainty of ophthalmologists and the other specialists involved in dealing with this clinical condition often delays the specialised treatment and may also trigger inadequate therapy with the iatrogenic risk of harming the patient. This article primarily describes the disorder-specific psychiatric diagnostic as well as the somatic differential diagnostic work-up and outlines the therapeutic principles of dissociative visual loss.

28

Reif, Andreas, Bernhard T. Baune, Jürgen Deckert, Georg Juckel, Sarah Kittel-Schneider, Tilo Kircher, Johannes Kornhuber, Rainer Rupprecht, and Michael Bauer. "Rationale, Mission and Vision for a National Centre of Affective Disorders in Germany." Pharmacopsychiatry 55, no. 02 (December 17, 2021): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1697-5854.

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AbstractAffective disorders are common, complex disorders representing one of the major challenges to global health in the 21st century. To mitigate the burden of disease, substantial public health efforts need to be undertaken since research on the causes and adequate treatment requires multidisciplinary approaches. These should integrate translational, and clinical research, aided by technological advancements in collecting and analysing comprehensive data. Here we present the rationale, concept, mission and vision of the recently founded National Centre of Affective Disorders (NCAD) in Germany. NCAD founding partners build on their previous successful cooperation within the German Research Network for Mental Disorders funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF). They form an internationally pre-eminent network of integrative excellence, leading in science and contributing significantly to the improved care of affective disorder patients. The partners will provide complementary structures and innovative methods across the entire translational continuum from bench to clinical and real-world settings. The vision of the NCAD is to foster cross-disciplinary research from basic neuroscience to public mental health by close translational collaboration between academia, non-university research institutions, and international partners, including industry, to deliver cutting-edge research, innovative clinical services and evidence-based training to young clinicians and scientists. The mission is to accomplish research in a highly translational manner, especially with respect to clinical studies in a trans-sectoral way. This approach aims to ensure continuous improvement in the treatment and care provided to patients and an interdisciplinary environment for high-level research and education in affective disorders.

29

Alvarez-Peregrina, Cristina, Clara Martinez-Perez, and Miguel Ángel Sánchez-Tena. "Myopia and Other Visual Disorders in Children." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 15 (July 22, 2022): 8912. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19158912.

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30

Tilia, Daniel, Ravi C. Bakaraju, Lisa J. Asper, and Eric B. Papas. "Associations between Binocular Vision Disorders and Contact Lens Dissatisfaction." Optometry and Vision Science 98, no. 10 (October 2021): 1160–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/opx.0000000000001780.

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31

Ahmedt-Aristizabal, David, Simon Denman, Kien Nguyen, Sridha Sridharan, Sasha Dionisio, and Clinton Fookes. "Understanding Patients’ Behavior: Vision-Based Analysis of Seizure Disorders." IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics 23, no. 6 (November 2019): 2583–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2019.2895855.

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32

Wang Zi Wei,, Wang, and O. V. Pohorielov. "Clinical characteristics of transient vision disorders and arterial hypertension." Medicni perspektivi (Medical perspectives) 25, no. 1 (April 9, 2020): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.26641/2307-0404.2020.1.200404.

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33

Rueff, Erin M., P. Ewen King-Smith, and Melissa D. Bailey. "Can Binocular Vision Disorders Contribute to Contact Lens Discomfort?" Optometry and Vision Science 92, no. 9 (September 2015): e214-e221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/opx.0000000000000671.

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34

Leat, Susan J., Lisa Li-Li Chan, Priya-Devi Maharaj, Patricia K. Hrynchak, Andrea Mittelstaedt, Carolyn M. Machan, and Elizabeth L. Irving. "Binocular Vision and Eye Movement Disorders in Older Adults." Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science 54, no. 5 (May 31, 2013): 3798. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/iovs.12-11582.

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35

Hall, Ian. "The satiric vision of politics: Ethics, interests and disorders." European Journal of International Relations 20, no. 1 (July 19, 2012): 217–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354066112445187.

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36

Bird, Lynne M., and Wen-Hann Tan. "Treatment of genetic disorders-A vision coming into focus." American Journal of Medical Genetics Part C: Seminars in Medical Genetics 172, no. 4 (November 3, 2016): 311–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.c.31535.

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37

Bratanović, Sadmela, Amela Teskeredžić, and Hurma Begić. "DEVELOPMENT OF FUNCTIONAL VISION IN CHILDREN WITH PERINATAL BRAIN DAMAGE." Research in Education and Rehabilitation 4, no. 2 (December 1, 2021): 109–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.51558/2744-1555.2021.4.2.109.

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The sense of sight plays a very important role in the life of every individual, since we receive most of the information from the environment with the help of sight. Visually impaired children have difficulty receiving information from the world around them. Lack of visual experience can negatively affect their development. Timely examinations and assessments will indicate the occurrence of various neurological disorders in children, if any are present. A very common cause of neurological disorders is perinatal brain damage. Children with perinatal brain damage often have difficulties in visual functioning and it is therefore very important to assess functional vision in these children. If there are any neurodevelopmental disorders in the child, it is important to start vision rehabilitation as soon as possible, in order to effectively influence the improvement of visual functions. Keywords: functional vision, perinatal brain damage, early vision rehabilitation.

38

Monaco, Annalisa, Eleonora Ortu, Mario Giannoni, Pierdomenico D’Andrea, Ruggero Cattaneo, Alessandra Mummolo, and Davide Pietropaoli. "Standard Correction of Vision Worsens EMG Activity of Pericranial Muscles in Chronic TMD Subjects." Pain Research and Management 2020 (April 14, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3932476.

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Recent studies showed an evident correlation between the stomatognathic system and the visual system. These results suggest that subjects who are affected by both temporomandibular (TMD) disorders and refractive disorders present with altered control of pericranial musculature tone and higher open-eye electromyographic (EMG) values. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of standard vision correction on EMG in subjects suffering from TMD compared with application of the same vision treatments to non-TMD subjects. 40 subjects were enrolled in this study. The test group included 20 myopic subjects and also included patients with TMD. The control group included 20 healthy myopic subjects. All of the participants underwent a complete ocular examination and a sEMG analysis. The results showed that TMD subjects with vision disorders that are corrected with standard glasses present EMG values that are significantly higher than those presented by non-TMD subjects with vision disorders and standard glasses. Infact, in TMD subjects, eye correction did not have a positive effect on the stomatognathic or pericranial musculature.

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Master, Christina, Tyson Rogers, Olivia Podolak, David Howell, Matthew F. Grady, and Mitchell Scheiman. "Objective Infrared Eye Tracking Aids in the Identification of Concussion-Related Vision Disorders in Adolescen Ts with Persistent Post-Concussive Symptoms." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 10, no. 5_suppl2 (May 1, 2022): 2325967121S0047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967121s00476.

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Background: The visio-vestibular examination (VVE) of smooth pursuit, saccades, vestibulo-oculomotor reflex, near point of convergence (NPC), accommodative amplitude (AA), and complex tandem gait, has enhanced the physical examination of concussed individuals. The EyeBOX is a FDA-approved device for the diagnosis of concussion. Hypothesis: The goal of this investigation was to determine the diagnostic accuracy for concussion-related vision disorders of infrared eye-tracking via the EyeBOX. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 112 adolescents ages 11-18 years of age experiencing persistent post-concussion symptoms 4-12 weeks after concussion was conducted. All subjects had a clinical visio-vestibular examination (VVE) with a sports medicine physician, and a formal, comprehensive vision examination conducted by a pediatric developmental optometrist. A binocular eye tracking assessment was performed using the EyeBOX. Binocular pupil gaze positions are captured to ensure quality data acquisition and binocular movements in the X and Y axes are recorded at 500 Hz. Dynamic time series eye tracking data is acquired with 89 different metrics from eye movement in different planes recorded for each eye at 500 Hz captured over 220 seconds. From the time series data, a summary score, between 0 and 20, the BOX score, is generated. Logistic regression was used to estimate the association between each clinical VVE parameter and concussion-related vision diagnosis. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the predictive ability of all VVE parameters to predict a concussion-related vision diagnosis. The area under the receiver-operator (ROC) curve was estimated by treating the linear predictor from the logistic regression as a continuous diagnostic parameter. A p-value is reported for the Wald test of whether a logistic regression coefficient differs from zero. Results: The clinical VVE variables had an AUC = 0.64 for tandem gait errors (p=0.06), 0.64 for monocular AA (p=0.01 for each), and 0.66 for NPC (p<0.01). A multivariable model including all nine VVE variables had predictive ability to identify concussion-related vision disorders in adolescents with persistent post-concussion symptoms with an AUC = 0.73. The BOX score alone had an AUC = 0.67 (p<0.01). Conclusions: The addition of the BOX score, a composite measure of objectively acquired eye tracking data, to the multivariable model with all nine dichotomous VVE variables added significant additional diagnostic ability (p<0.01), yielding an AUC = 0.81. The combination of a clinical visio-vestibular examination and objective infrared eye tracking has relevant diagnostic value, facilitating identification and treatment of concussion-related vision disorders.

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Mishra, Anupam. "Assessment of Balance Disorders." UP STATE JOURNAL OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND HEAD AND NECK SURGERY VOLUME 7, VOLUME 7 NUMBER 2 NOV 2018 (November 1, 2019): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.36611/upjohns/19.5.

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Balance disorders are often difficult to diagnose and treat using traditional methods, the reason being that balance disorders do not represent a single disease, but rather reflect a combination of multiple disorders, Balance requires integration of interactive components of sensory (Vision, vestibular, proprioception) motor and central nervous systems. Hence diagnosing a balance problem requires knowledge of these individual components. Still many clinicians prefer a traditional approach to diagnose and treat balance disorders with specialized services to be focused on localizing and treating specific pathologies. Because a typical balance disorder associated with multiple causes cannot be isolated to a single pathology on accurate diagnosis, requires a combination of tests to assess individual components along with their integrative actions. Even a specific pathology may show variations in the functional performance because of the brain’s adaptive response. Hence it is essential for the diagnostic process to determine if imbalance involves misinterpretations of sensory cues. Testing summary systems individually may not reveal the problem.

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Chu, Jennifer L., and Jeffrey Tyberg. "Central serous retinopathy: an unusual cause of acute visual loss." CJEM 15, no. 05 (September 2013): 311–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2310/8000.2012.120802.

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ABSTRACT Ophthalmologic complaints represent approximately 2% of emergency department (ED) visits. Acute vision loss is the most serious of such presentations and requires prompt assessment for a treatable cause. The differential diagnosis for acute vision loss includes retinal detachment, macular disorders, vaso-occlusive disorders, temporal arteritis, neuro-ophthalmologic disorders, and functional disorders. We report the case of a previously healthy 33-year-old man who presented to the ED with acute bilateral vision loss that was ultimately diagnosed as central serous retinopathy (CSR), an idiopathic, self-limited condition that typically affects males age 20 to 50 years. This condition is not mentioned in standard emergency medicine textbooks or the emergency medicine literature, and our hope is that our report will serve to illustrate a typical case of CSR and help prompt emergency physicians to consider this diagnosis in the appropriate circumstances.

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Habibah, Umi, and Ade Sucipto. "Building peer social support as a mental disorder solution for the blind." Journal of Advanced Guidance and Counseling 1, no. 1 (June 11, 2020): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/jagc.2020.1.1.5774.

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<p class="AbstrakAGC">Blind people are people with disabilities due to the dysfunction of the sense of vision, this condition triggers the birth of various mental disorders. This qualitative study tries to examine the mental problems of blind vision disorders in the Sahabat Mata Semarang Community and the solutions the management is trying to overcome. The results of the study show that mental disorders with visual impairments include difficulties in adapting to the environment, anxiety about the future of a career and soul mate, prolonged stress due to dependence on others and no economic independence, and do not yet have self-acceptance. One of the efforts undertaken by the management of this community is to build peer social support, namely support provided by fellow blind people in the form of emotional support, appreciation support, structural support, information support, and real assistance. The various supports are built by holding regular recitals, monthly community meetings, and building good interpersonal relationships. Such peer social support, felt blind can provide alternative solutions and a variety of mental disorder problems they experience.</p>

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Krinsky-McHale, Sharon J., Edmund C. Jenkins, Warren B. Zigman, and Wayne Silverman. "Ophthalmic Disorders in Adults with Down Syndrome." Current Gerontology and Geriatrics Research 2012 (2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/974253.

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A myriad of ophthalmic disorders is associated with the phenotype of Down syndrome including strabismus, cataracts, and refractive errors potentially resulting in significant visual impairment. Ophthalmic sequelae have been extensively studied in children and adolescents with Down syndrome but less often in older adults. In-depth review of medical records of older adults with Down syndrome indicated that ophthalmic disorders were common. Cataracts were the most frequent ophthalmic disorder reported, followed by refractive errors, strabismus, and presbyopia. Severity of intellectual disability was unrelated to the presence of ophthalmic disorders. Also, ophthalmic disorders were associated with lower vision-dependent functional and cognitive abilities, although not to the extent that was expected. The high prevalence of ophthalmic disorders highlights the need for periodic evaluations and individualized treatment plans for adults with Down syndrome, in general, but especially when concerns are identified.

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Höglund Carlsson, Lotta, Fritjof Norrelgen, Liselotte Kjellmer, Joakim Westerlund, Christopher Gillberg, and Elisabeth Fernell. "Coexisting Disorders and Problems in Preschool Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders." Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/213979.

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Objectives. To analyze cooccurring disorders and problems in a representative group of 198 preschool children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) who had had interventions at a specialized habilitation center.Methods. Parents and children were seen by a research team. Data were based on parental interviews, pediatric assessments, and tests of the child. Information on autistic symptoms, general cognitive function, speech and language, motor function, epilepsy, vision, hearing, activity level, behavior, and sleep was collected.Results. Three ASD categories were used: (1) autistic disorder (AD), (2) autistic-like condition (ALC) or Asperger syndrome, and (3) one group with autistic symptoms/traits but not entirely all its criteria met for ASD. Children with autism had a mean of 3.2 coexisting disorders or problems, the ALC/Asperger group had a mean of 1.6, and children with autistic traits had a mean of 1.6. The most common disorder/problems in the total group pertained to language problems (78%), intellectual disability (ID) (49%), below average motor function (37%), and severe hyperactivity/ADHD (33%).Conclusions. The results accord with the concept of early symptomatic syndromes eliciting neurodevelopmental clinical examination (ESSENCE), and highlight the need of considering ASD in a broad perspective taking also other cooccurring developmental disorders into account.

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Makarov, I. A. "Prevalence of Color Vision Deficiencies." Ophthalmology in Russia 17, no. 3 (September 24, 2020): 414–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18008/1816-5095-2020-3-414-421.

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Purpose. The study of color deficiencies prevalence in young people, students of higher educational university.Materials and methods. The study was carried for the half year — fall semester. A total of 1,609 students were examined, aged 17–21. There were 1191 boys and 418 girls. The survey was conducted to determine the health groups in physical training and in various sports sections. An ophthalmologic examination determined refractive disorders and other ocular pathology, which is important for determining health groups. Rabkin polychromatic tables and Neitz color vision test (Neitz Lab (UW Medicine) were used for determining of color deficiencies. The obtained results of these tests were compared in terms of the time spent on the test, the results of the test effectiveness, the determination of dissimulation, and the assessment of the shift in the color spectrum in individuals with impaired color perception.Results. A total of refractive disorders were detected in 856 students (53.2 %). The high degree of myopia was in 40. Disorders of color deficient were noted in 101 students (8.48 %) of 1191 male subjects when using the Neitz color test. Dichromatic eye changes were observed from 2.1 % students: protanopia and deiteranopia were in 0.67 % and 1.43 %. Most of all there were violations with the perception of shades of light brown and light green colors. A third of healthy students noted the impossibility of distinguishing light brown from light gray. This is regardless of the state of refraction. Simultaneous violations of the perception of shades of red, green, yellow and blue were observed in one subject, it was associated with congenital cataracts. In four young people, acquired eye diseases caused. In two girls, violations of the perception of a pastel shade of light green were noted, with one girl (0.24 %) having a violation in two eyes, and was presumably due to a gene anomaly. The second girl had one eye and was associated with partial atrophy of the optic nerve after the optic neuritis.Conclusions. Neitz color test expands the diagnostic possibilities, since in its design it has pastel shades of light green and light brown colors on a gray background, reduces the likelihood of dissimulation, reduces the time of the survey. Neitz color test allows to expand the possibilities for more accurate and differential diagnosis dichromatic and anormal trichromatic subjects and acquired color vision defects.

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Salt, Alison T., Michelle A. O’Reilly, Elena Sakkalou, and Naomi J. Dale. "Detection vision development in infants and toddlers with congenital vision disorders and profound‐severe visual impairment." Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 62, no. 8 (April 2020): 962–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.14525.

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Verma, Rajesh, and Chetan Kumar. "Tumefactive Demyelination Associated with Bilateral Optic Neuritis in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders." Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice 10, no. 04 (October 2019): 693–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3399614.

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AbstractTumefactive demyelination is an uncommon neurological disorder mimicking tumors. It is one of the rare varieties of demyelinating disorders, often causing diagnostic dilemma among neuroscientists. The literature tells us about approaching these patients added by peculiar neuroimaging findings. Neuromyelitis optica is an immune mediated inflammatory clinical disorder, typically involving optic nerves bilaterally and longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis. With the revelation of aquaporin four channels, its distribution in the brain and related antibody, the concept of neuromyelitis optica spectra disorders has been evolved. In this case report, our intention is to present a young female who presented with bilateral vision loss with tumor-like mass lesion in cerebral cortex. Such an association of bilateral optic neuropathy involving chiasmatic region, suggestive of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) with tumefactive demyelination is rarely reported in the literature.

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Deobhakta, Avnish, and Louis K. Chang. "Inflammation in Retinal Vein Occlusion." International Journal of Inflammation 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/438412.

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Retinal vein occlusion is a common, vision-threatening vascular disorder. The role of inflammation in the pathogenesis and clinical consequences of retinal vein occlusion is a topic of growing interest. It has long been recognized that systemic inflammatory disorders, such as autoimmune disease, are a significant risk factor for this condition. A number of more recent laboratory and clinical studies have begun to elucidate the role inflammation may play in the molecular pathways responsible for the vision-impairing consequences of retinal vein occlusion, such as macular edema. This improved understanding of the role of inflammation in retinal vein occlusion has allowed the development of new treatments for the disorder, with additional therapeutic targets and strategies to be identified as our understanding of the topic increases.

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Eisner, Alvin. "Sex, Eyes, and Vision: Male/Female Distinctions in Ophthalmic Disorders." Current Eye Research 40, no. 2 (October 20, 2014): 96–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02713683.2014.975368.

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Verma, Kamal Mohan, and M. P. Tondon. "Evaluation of low vision and its rehabilitation in various disorders." Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology 1, no. 4 (2015): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2395-1451.2015.00017.7.

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