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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 11 вересня 2023

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1

Dong, Mark, David Heim, Alex Witte, Genevieve Clark, Andrew J. Leenheer, Daniel Dominguez, Matthew Zimmermann, et al. "Piezo-optomechanical cantilever modulators for VLSI visible photonics." APL Photonics 7, no. 5 (May 1, 2022): 051304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0088424.

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Visible-wavelength very large-scale integration photonic circuits have a potential to play important roles in quantum information and sensing technologies. The realization of scalable, high-speed, and low-loss photonic mesh circuits depends on reliable and well-engineered visible photonic components. Here, we report a low-voltage optical phase shifter based on piezo-actuated mechanical cantilevers, fabricated on a CMOS compatible, 200 mm wafer-based visible photonics platform. We show linear phase and amplitude modulation with 6 Vπ cm in differential operation, −1.5 to −2 dB insertion loss, and up to 40 dB contrast in the 700–780 nm range. By adjusting selected cantilever parameters, we demonstrate a low-displacement and a high-displacement device, both exhibiting a nearly flat frequency response from DC to a peak mechanical resonance at 23 and 6.8 MHz respectively, which, through resonant enhancement of Q ∼ 40, further decreases the operating voltage down to 0.15 Vπ cm.

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2

González-Fernández, Alfredo A., Mariano Aceves-Mijares, Oscar Pérez-Díaz, Joaquin Hernández-Betanzos, and Carlos Domínguez. "Embedded Silicon Nanoparticles as Enabler of a Novel CMOS-Compatible Fully Integrated Silicon Photonics Platform." Crystals 11, no. 6 (May 31, 2021): 630. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11060630.

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The historical bottleneck for truly high scale integrated photonics is the light emitter. The lack of monolithically integrable light sources increases costs and reduces scalability. Quantum phenomena found in embedded Si particles in the nanometer scale is a way of overcoming the limitations for bulk Si to emit light. Integrable light sources based in Si nanoparticles can be obtained by different CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) -compatible materials and techniques. Such materials in combination with Si3N4 photonic elements allow for integrated Si photonics, in which photodetectors can also be included directly in standard Si wafers, taking advantage of the emission in the visible range by the embedded Si nanocrystals/nanoparticles. We present the advances and perspectives on seamless monolithic integration of CMOS-compatible visible light emitters, photonic elements, and photodetectors, which are shown to be viable and promising well within the technological limits imposed by standard fabrication methods.

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3

Apostolaki, Maria-Athina, Alexia Toumazatou, Maria Antoniadou, Elias Sakellis, Evangelia Xenogiannopoulou, Spiros Gardelis, Nikos Boukos, Polycarpos Falaras, Athanasios Dimoulas, and Vlassis Likodimos. "Graphene Quantum Dot-TiO2 Photonic Crystal Films for Photocatalytic Applications." Nanomaterials 10, no. 12 (December 21, 2020): 2566. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10122566.

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Photonic crystal structuring has emerged as an advanced method to enhance solar light harvesting by metal oxide photocatalysts along with rational compositional modifications of the materials’ properties. In this work, surface functionalization of TiO2 photonic crystals by blue luminescent graphene quantum dots (GQDs), n–π* band at ca. 350 nm, is demonstrated as a facile, environmental benign method to promote photocatalytic activity by the combination of slow photon-assisted light trapping with GQD-TiO2 interfacial electron transfer. TiO2 inverse opal films fabricated by the co-assembly of polymer colloidal spheres with a hydrolyzed titania precursor were post-modified by impregnation in aqueous GQDs suspension without any structural distortion. Photonic band gap engineering by varying the inverse opal macropore size resulted in selective performance enhancement for both salicylic acid photocatalytic degradation and photocurrent generation under UV–VIS and visible light, when red-edge slow photons overlapped with the composite’s absorption edge, whereas stop band reflection was attenuated by the strong UVA absorbance of the GQD-TiO2 photonic films. Photoelectrochemical and photoluminescence measurements indicated that the observed improvement, which surpassed similarly modified benchmark mesoporous P25 TiO2 films, was further assisted by GQDs electron acceptor action and visible light activation to a lesser extent, leading to highly efficient photocatalytic films.

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4

Artundo, Iñigo. "Photonic Integration: New Applications Are Visible." Optik & Photonik 12, no. 3 (June 2017): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/opph.201700015.

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5

Han, Qi, Lei Jin, Yongqi Fu, and Weixing Yu. "Si Substrate-Based Metamaterials for Ultrabroadband Perfect Absorption in Visible Regime." Journal of Nanomaterials 2014 (2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/893202.

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Анотація:

We report the broadband efficient light absorbing property of a structure of quadrangular frustum pyramid array in visible regime. The structure can absorb light efficiently with an average absorptivity of 0.98 over the whole visible waveband. In addition, it is found that this kind of super light absorbing can maintain an average of 0.9 for a wide incident angle range. The perfect absorbing property of the metamaterial-based nanoring array is attributed to the effect of the Fabry-Perot resonance. The structure is possible to be used as a type of Si photonics devices in future photonic circuits.

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6

Jalil, Bushra, Bilal Hussain, Maria Pascali, Giovanni Serafino, Davide Moroni, and Paolo Ghelfi. "A Preliminary Study on Non Contact Thermal Monitoring of Microwave Photonic Systems." Proceedings 27, no. 1 (September 23, 2019): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019027019.

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Microwave photonic systems are more susceptible to thermal fluctuations due to thermo-optic effect. In order to stabilize the performance of photonic components, thermal monitoring is achieved by using thermistors placed at any arbitrary location along the component. This work presents non contact thermography of a fully functional microwave photonic system. The temperature profile of printed circuit board (PCB) and photonic integrated circuit (PIC) is obtained using Fluke FLIR (A65) camera. We performed Otsu’s thresholding to segment heat centers located across PCB as well as PIC. The infrared and visible cameras used in this work have different field of view, therefore, after applying morphological methods, we performed image registration to synchronize both visible and thermal images. We demonstrate this method on the circuit board with active electrical/photonic elements and were able to observe thermal profile of these components.

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7

Wang, Ning, Yu Peng Zhang, Lei Lei, Helen L. W. Chan, and Xu Ming Zhang. "Photocatalytic Microreactor Using Monochromatic Visible Light." Advanced Materials Research 254 (May 2011): 219–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.254.219.

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A photocatalytic planar reactor with an immobilized nanoporous BiVO4 film has been integrated with a blue-light panel LED, which acts as the light source. The microreactor utilizes two BiVO4-coated glasses as the top and the bottom layer and a UV curable resin layer as the spacer. The UV spacer is patterned with tree-shaped microchannels and a reaction chamber (10 ´ 10 ´ 0.1 mm3). It was found that under blue light of 140 mW/cm2 (the LED is powered at 11 V, 402 nm ) and the flow rate of 37.5 µl/min, the microreactor has the optimum performance with a degradation rate of about 3%/s and a photonic utilization efficiency ³ 0.02%. However, the photonic efficiency can be improved to 0.3% when LED is powered at 9 V.

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8

Zhdanova, N., A. Pakhomov, S. Rodionov, Yu Strokova, S. Svyakhovskiy, and A. Saletskii. "Spectroscopic Analysis of Fluorescent Proteins Infiltrated into Photonic Crystals-=SUP=-*-=/SUP=-." Журнал технической физики 129, no. 7 (2020): 909. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/os.2020.07.49561.47-20.

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Spectral properties of enhanced-green uorescent protein and monomeric red uorescent protein in porous photonic structures have been studied. The uorescent proteins were successfully inЛtrated into porous silicon photonic structures with dirent positions of the photonic band gap in visible spectral range. The intensity of uorescence is enhanced in the spectral regions of high photonic density of states. The possibility to control the uorescence spectra by the structure with the photonic band gap is demonstrated. Keywords: photonic crystals, porous silicon, uorescent proteins, photonic band gap.

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9

Yoon, Jongseung, Wonmok Lee, and Edwin L. Thomas. "Self-Assembly of Block Copolymers for Photonic-Bandgap Materials." MRS Bulletin 30, no. 10 (October 2005): 721–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2005.270.

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AbstractSelf-assembled block copolymer systems with an appropriate molecular weight to produce a length scale that will interact with visible light are an alternative platform material for the fabrication of large-area, well-ordered photonic-bandgap structures at visible and near-IR frequencies.Over the past years, one-, two-, and three-dimensional photonic crystals have been demonstrated with various microdomain structures created through microphase separation of block copolymers. The size and shape of periodic microstructures of block copolymers can be readily tuned by molecular weight, relative composition of the copolymer, and blending with homopolymers or plasticizers.The versatility of photonic crystals based on block copolymers is further increased by incorporating inorganic nanoparticles or liquid-crystalline guest molecules (or using a liquid-crystalline block), or by selective etching of one of the microdomains and backfilling with high-refractive-index materials. This article presents an overview of photonic-bandgap materials enabled by self-assembled block copolymers and discusses the morphology and photonic properties of block-copolymer-based photonic crystals containing nanocomposite additives.We also provide a view of the direction of future research, especially toward novel photonic devices.

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10

Chen, Yi-Jia, and Tse-Shan Lin. "Enhancement of Visible-Light Photocatalytic Efficiency of TiO2 Nanopowder by Anatase/Rutile Dual Phase Formation." Applied Sciences 10, no. 18 (September 12, 2020): 6353. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10186353.

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Visible-light photocatalytically active titanium oxide (TiO2) nano-powder was synthesized by a flat-flame chemical vapor condensation method. The formation of TiO2 consisting of different ratios of anatase and rutile phases was controlled by two parameters: the acetylene flow rate (C2H2, 600 sccm and 800 sccm) and the acetylene/oxygen flow ratio (C2H2/O2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, and 1:6). The location of the photonic center was identified for visible-light absorption, which is in the anatase grains. The photonic center on the surface of anatase grains happens to be the nucleation site for rutile in an oxygen-deficient environment. The visible-light absorption could be attributed to the formation of defect levels related to the photonic center within the band gap of anatase. The major role of the mixed-phase structure of TiO2 in the enhancement of visible-light photocatalytic activity is in the enhancement of carrier separation and not of light harvest, for the powder produced in this study.

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11

Singh, Bhopendra, and G. Palai. "Realization of photonic topological insulator using photonic crystal fiber at visible regime: A new application of silicon photonics." Optik 157 (March 2018): 804–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2017.11.103.

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12

Zhang, Zhaoyu, Tomoyuki Yoshie, Xiaoliang Zhu, Jiajing Xu, and Axel Scherer. "Visible two-dimensional photonic crystal slab laser." Applied Physics Letters 89, no. 7 (August 14, 2006): 071102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2336721.

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13

Krabbe, Joshua D., Viktor Leontyev, Michael T. Taschuk, Andriy Kovalenko, and Michael J. Brett. "Square spiral photonic crystal with visible bandgap." Journal of Applied Physics 111, no. 6 (March 15, 2012): 064314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3695388.

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14

Subramania, Ganapathi, Yun-Ju Lee, and Arthur J. Fischer. "Silicon-Based Near-Visible Logpile Photonic Crystal." Advanced Materials 22, no. 37 (August 30, 2010): 4180–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.201001965.

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15

Das, Ananda, Kyuyoung Bae, and Wounjhang Park. "Enhancement of upconversion luminescence using photonic nanostructures." Nanophotonics 9, no. 6 (May 4, 2020): 1359–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2020-0159.

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AbstractLanthanide-based upconversion materials convert low energy infrared photons into high energy visible photons. These materials are of interest in a myriad of applications such as solar energy harvesting, color displays and photocatalysis. Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are also of interest in biological applications as bioimaging and therapeutic agents. However, the intrinsic conversion efficiency of UCNPs remains low for most applications. In this review, we survey the recent work done in increasing the upconversion emission by changing the local electric field experienced by the UCNPs using photonic nanostructures. We review both the underlying theory behind this photonic manipulation as well as experimental demonstrations of enhancement. We discuss the recent developments in the more common plasmonic designs as well as the emerging field of dielectric nanostructures. We find that improvements in design and fabrication of these nanostructures in the last few years have led to reported enhancements of over three orders of magnitude. This large enhancement has been achieved in not only nanostructures on films but also in nanostructures that can be dispersed into solution which is especially relevant for biological applications.

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16

Shilpa, R., Abhinaya, Yamuna, and Renilkumar Mudachathi. "Thermal and Layer Thickness Dependence of Defect and Band Edge Transmissions in 1D PCs Based on ZnS/CaF₂ Multilayers." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1219, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1219/1/012015.

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Abstract Alternating layers of different materials with sub wavelength thickness in one dimension are used for controlling the propagation of electromagnetic waves owing to their ability to selectively transfer and confine photons of specific wavelengths, called photonic band gap (PBG). Temperature independent large PBG in the visible wavelength range is highly desired for many applications and we have theoretically investigated the thermal and layer thickness dependence on PBG and proposed a novel strategy to choose materials based on their coefficients of thermal expansion and thermo optic effect. The thermal dependence of PBG can be eliminated by making the spectral shift due to thermo optic effect equal and opposite to that of the thermal expansion effect. We have chosen ZnS/CaF2 multilayers for the design of 1D photonic crystal (PC) and our calculations have shown that the spectral shift due to thermal fluctuations could be significantly reduced by the negative thermo optic coefficient of these materials compensated by the positive thermal expansion coefficient. The proposed 1D PC shows a temperature dependent spectral shift of ∼14 pm/oC in the visible range.

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17

Liu, Wenjing, Minsoo Hwang, Zhurun Ji, Yuhui Wang, Gaurav Modi, and Ritesh Agarwal. "Z2 Photonic Topological Insulators in the Visible Wavelength Range for Robust Nanoscale Photonics." Nano Letters 20, no. 2 (January 14, 2020): 1329–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b04813.

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18

Yang, Dongpeng, Guolong Liao, and Shaoming Huang. "Invisible photonic prints shown by UV illumination: combining photoluminescent and noniridescent structural colors." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 7, no. 38 (2019): 11776–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9tc03982a.

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Invisible photonic prints that become visible by UV light irradiation were prepared via the self-assembly of Y₂O₃:Eu colloidal particles into amorphous photonic crystals (APCs) with controlled fluorescent and noniridescent structural colors.

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19

Meisel, D. C., M. Deubel, M. Hermatschweiler, K. Busch, W. Koch, G. von Freymann, A. Blanco, C. Enkrich, and M. Wegener. "Three-Dimensional Photonic Crystals." Solid State Phenomena 99-100 (July 2004): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.99-100.55.

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We review our work on two complementary and compatible techniques, namely direct laser writing and holographic lithography which are suitable for fabricating three-dimensional Photonic Crystal templates for the visible and near-infrared. The structures are characterized by electron micrographs and by optical spectroscopy, revealing their high optical quality.

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20

Lee, Myungjae, Hanyu Hong, Jaehyung Yu, Fauzia Mujid, Andrew Ye, Ce Liang та Jiwoong Park. "Wafer-scale δ waveguides for integrated two-dimensional photonics". Science 381, № 6658 (11 серпня 2023): 648–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.adi2322.

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The efficient, large-scale generation and control of photonic modes guided by van der Waals materials remains as a challenge despite their potential for on-chip photonic circuitry. We report three-atom-thick waveguides—δ waveguides—based on wafer-scale molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) monolayers that can guide visible and near-infrared light over millimeter-scale distances with low loss and an efficient in-coupling. The extreme thinness provides a light-trapping mechanism analogous to a δ-potential well in quantum mechanics and enables the guided waves that are essentially a plane wave freely propagating along the in-plane, but confined along the out-of-plane, direction of the waveguide. We further demonstrate key functionalities essential for two-dimensional photonics, including refraction, focusing, grating, interconnection, and intensity modulation, by integrating thin-film optical components with δ waveguides using microfabricated dielectric, metal, or patterned MoS 2 .

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21

Raja-Mogan, Tharishinny, Bunsho Ohtani, and Ewa Kowalska. "Photonic Crystals for Plasmonic Photocatalysis." Catalysts 10, no. 8 (July 23, 2020): 827. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10080827.

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Noble metal (NM)-modified wide-bandgap semiconductors with activity under visible light (Vis) irradiation, due to localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), known as plasmonic photocatalysts, have been intensively studied over the last few years. Despite the novelty of the topic, a large number of reports have already been published, discussing the optimal properties, synthesis methods and mechanism clarification. It has been proposed that both efficient light harvesting and charge carriers’ migration are detrimental for high and stable activity under Vis irradiation. Accordingly, photonic crystals (PCs) with photonic bandgap (PBG) and slow photon effects seem to be highly attractive for efficient use of incident photons. Therefore, the study on PCs-based plasmonic photocatalysts has been conducted, mainly on titania inverse opal (IO) modified with nanoparticles (NPs) of NM. Although, the research is quite new and only several reports have been published, it might be concluded that the matching between LSPR and PBG (especially at red edge) by tuning of NMNPs size and IO-void diameter, respectively, is the most crucial for the photocatalytic activity.

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22

Zhou, Taojie, Kar Wei Ng, Xiankai Sun, and Zhaoyu Zhang. "Ultra-thin curved visible microdisk lasers with three-dimensional whispering gallery modes." Nanophotonics 9, no. 9 (July 4, 2020): 2997–3002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2020-0242.

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AbstractMicrodisk lasers are important components in photonic integrated circuits (PICs), of which the whispering gallery modes (WGMs) are usually confined within a two-dimensional (2D) planar slab. Here, owing to the strain relaxation of quantum wells by wet-etching method, we present ultra-thin curved visible microdisk lasers with single-mode lasing emission and a high quality factor of ∼17,000, which enable a 3D spatial intensity distribution of WGMs and provide an extra degree of freedom for the confined photons compared with the conventional 2D in-plane WGMs. The curved microdisk lasers with a 3D spatial profile of WGMs may provide attractive applications in flexible and multilevel photon sources for the PICs.

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23

Maka, T., D. N. Chigrin, S. G. Romanov, and C. M. Sotomayor Torres. "Three Dimensional Photonic Crystals in the Visible Regime." Progress In Electromagnetics Research 41 (2003): 307–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pier02010894.

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24

Maka, T., D. N. Chigrin, S. G. Romanov, and C. M. Sotomayor Torres. "Three Dimensional Photonic Crystals in the Visible Regime." Progress In Electromagnetics Research PIER 41 (2003): 307–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pier0201089e.

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25

Suemune, I., A. Ueta, A. Avramescu, S. Tanaka, H. Kumano, and K. Uesugi. "Semiconductor photonic dots: Visible wavelength-sized optical resonators." Applied Physics Letters 74, no. 14 (April 5, 1999): 1963–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.123714.

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26

Rivoire, Kelley, Andrei Faraon, and Jelena Vuckovic. "Gallium phosphide photonic crystal nanocavities in the visible." Applied Physics Letters 93, no. 6 (August 11, 2008): 063103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2971200.

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27

Rosenberg, A., R. J. Tonucci, H. B. Lin, and A. J. Campillo. "Two-dimensional Photonic Crystals for the Visible Spectrum." Optics and Photonics News 8, no. 12 (December 1, 1997): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/opn.8.12.000036.

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28

Baumberg, J. J., N. M. B. Perney, M. C. Netti, M. D. C. Charlton, M. Zoorob, and G. J. Parker. "Visible-wavelength super-refraction in photonic crystal superprisms." Applied Physics Letters 85, no. 3 (July 19, 2004): 354–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1772521.

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29

Likodimos, Vlassis. "Photonic crystal-assisted visible light activated TiO2 photocatalysis." Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 230 (August 2018): 269–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2018.02.039.

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30

Levi, Barbara Goss. "Visible Progress Made in Three‐Dimensional Photonic ‘Crystals’." Physics Today 52, no. 1 (January 1999): 17–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.882565.

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31

Brüser, Björn, Isabelle Staude, Georg von Freymann, Martin Wegener, and Ullrich Pietsch. "Visible light Laue diffraction from woodpile photonic crystals." Applied Optics 51, no. 28 (September 25, 2012): 6732. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.51.006732.

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32

Barra, A., D. Cassagne, and C. Jouanin. "Visible Light Control by GaN Photonic Band Gaps." physica status solidi (a) 176, no. 1 (November 1999): 747–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1521-396x(199911)176:1<747::aid-pssa747>3.0.co;2-z.

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33

Pylarinou, Martha, Alexia Toumazatou, Elias Sakellis, Evangelia Xenogiannopoulou, Spiros Gardelis, Nikos Boukos, Athanasios Dimoulas, and Vlassis Likodimos. "Visible Light Trapping against Charge Recombination in FeOx–TiO2 Photonic Crystal Photocatalysts." Materials 14, no. 23 (November 23, 2021): 7117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14237117.

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Анотація:

Tailoring metal oxide photocatalysts in the form of heterostructured photonic crystals has spurred particular interest as an advanced route to simultaneously improve harnessing of solar light and charge separation relying on the combined effect of light trapping by macroporous periodic structures and compositional materials’ modifications. In this work, surface deposition of FeOx nanoclusters on TiO2 photonic crystals is investigated to explore the interplay of slow-photon amplification, visible light absorption, and charge separation in FeOx–TiO2 photocatalytic films. Photonic bandgap engineered TiO2 inverse opals deposited by the convective evaporation-induced co-assembly method were surface modified by successive chemisorption-calcination cycles using Fe(III) acetylacetonate, which allowed the controlled variation of FeOx loading on the photonic films. Low amounts of FeOx nanoclusters on the TiO2 inverse opals resulted in diameter-selective improvements of photocatalytic performance on salicylic acid degradation and photocurrent density under visible light, surpassing similarly modified P25 films. The observed enhancement was related to the combination of optimal light trapping and charge separation induced by the FeOx–TiO2 interfacial coupling. However, an increase of the FeOx loading resulted in severe performance deterioration, particularly prominent under UV-Vis light, attributed to persistent surface recombination via diverse defect d-states.

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34

Sakellari, Ioanna, Elmina Kabouraki, Dimitris Karanikolopoulos, Sotiris Droulias, Maria Farsari, Panagiotis Loukakos, Maria Vamvakaki, and David Gray. "Quantum dot based 3D printed woodpile photonic crystals tuned for the visible." Nanoscale Advances 1, no. 9 (2019): 3413–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9na00357f.

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35

Shen, Huaizhong, Yuxin Wu, Wenjing Wang, Hongyang Su, Wendong Liu, Junhu Zhang, Kai Zhang, and Bai Yang. "Au nanorods-sensitized 1DPC for visible detection of NIR light." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 5, no. 11 (2017): 2942–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6tc05389k.

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36

Shcherbakov, M. R., D. N. Neshev, B. Hopkins, A. S. Shorokhov, I. Staude, E. V. Melik-Gaykazyan, M. Decker, et al. "Nonlinear Properties of "Magnetic Light"." Asia Pacific Physics Newsletter 04, no. 01 (October 23, 2015): 57–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2251158x15000211.

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Control of light at the nanoscale is demanding for future successful on-chip integration. At the subwavelength scale, the conventional optical elements such as lenses become not functional, and they require conceptually new approach for a design of nanoscale photonic devices. The most common approach to the subwavelength photonics is based on plasmonic nanoparticles and plasmonic waveguides due to their ability to capture and concentrate visible light at subwavelength dimensions. But the main drawback of all plasmonic devices is their intrinsic losses due to metallic components which affect strongly the overall performance of plasmonic structures limiting their scalability and practical use.

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37

Liu, Y. P., Y. P. Guo, Z. J. Yan, C. M. Huang, and Y. Y. Wang. "Modulation of Three Dimensional Photonic Band Gap in Visible Region." Advanced Materials Research 31 (November 2007): 20–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.31.20.

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Three dimensional (3D) SiO2 photonic crystals films were fabricated on quartz substrate by vertical deposition method. The effects of various preparation parameters on optical properties were studied by optical transmission measurements. Bragg reflection on parallel sets of (111) planes were observed in all the samples. The center wavelength of [111] photonic band gap (PBG) varied from 450 nm to 680 nm with the increasing sphere size. For a given sphere size, the (111) Bragg reflection of as-deposited sample shifted towards lower wavelengths as the sintering temperature T increased. The role of evaporation temperature on the optical properties of the film was also investigated. The PBG can be correspondingly modulated in visible region by changing various preparation parameters.

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38

Zhu, Wei, Ruisheng Yang, Guangzhou Geng, Yuancheng Fan, Xuyue Guo, Peng Li, Quanhong Fu, Fuli Zhang, Changzhi Gu, and Junjie Li. "Titanium dioxide metasurface manipulating high-efficiency and broadband photonic spin Hall effect in visible regime." Nanophotonics 9, no. 14 (August 6, 2020): 4327–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2020-0290.

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AbstractThe interactions of photonic spin angular momentum and orbital angular momentum, i.e., the spin-orbit coupling in focused beams, evanescent waves or artificial photonic structures, have attracted intensive investigations for the unusual fundamental phenomena in physics and potential applications in optical and quantum systems. It is of fundamental importance to enhance performance of spin-orbit coupling in optics. Here, we demonstrate a titanium dioxide (TiO2)–based all-dielectric metasurface exhibiting a high efficient control of photonic spin Hall effect (PSHE) in a transmissive configuration. This metasurface can achieve high-efficiency symmetric spin-dependent trajectory propagation due to the spin-dependent Pancharatnam-Berry phase. The as-formed metadevices with high-aspect-ratio TiO2 nanofins are able to realize (86%, measured at 514 nm) and broadband PSHEs in visible regime. Our results provide useful insights on high-efficiency metasurfaces with versatile functionalities in visible regime.

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39

Mitchell, Robert, Rik Brydson, and Richard E. Douthwaite. "Enhancement of hydrogen production using photoactive nanoparticles on a photochemically inert photonic macroporous support." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17, no. 1 (2015): 493–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cp04333b.

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40

Loukopoulos, Stelios, Alexia Toumazatou, Elias Sakellis, Evangelia Xenogiannopoulou, Nikos Boukos, Athanasios Dimoulas, and Vlassis Likodimos. "Heterostructured CoOx–TiO2 Mesoporous/Photonic Crystal Bilayer Films for Enhanced Visible-Light Harvesting and Photocatalysis." Materials 13, no. 19 (September 26, 2020): 4305. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13194305.

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Heterostructured bilayer films, consisting of co-assembled TiO2 photonic crystals as the bottom layer and a highly performing mesoporous P25 titania as the top layer decorated with CoOx nanoclusters, are demonstrated as highly efficient visible-light photocatalysts. Broadband visible-light activation of the bilayer films was implemented by the surface modification of both titania layers with nanoscale clusters of Co oxides relying on the chemisorption of Co acetylacetonate complexes on TiO2, followed by post-calcination. Tuning the slow photon regions of the inverse opal supporting layer to the visible-light absorption of surface CoOx oxides resulted in significant amplification of salicylic-acid photodegradation under visible and ultraviolet (UV)–visible light (Vis), outperforming benchmark P25 films of higher titania loading. This enhancement was related to the spatially separated contributions of slow photon propagation in the inverse opal support layer assisted by Bragg reflection toward the CoOx-modified mesoporous P25 top layer. This effect indicates that photonic crystals may be highly effective as both photocatalytically active and backscattering layers in multilayer photocatalytic films.

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41

Abasahl, Banafsheh, Reyhaneh Jannesari, and Bernhard Jakoby. "Narrow-Band Thermal Photonic Crystal Emitter for Mid-Infrared Applications." Proceedings 2, no. 13 (November 22, 2018): 752. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2130752.

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Mid-infrared (MIR) on-chip sensing on Si has been a progressive topic of research in the recent years due to excitation of vibrational and rotational bands specific to materials in this range and their immunity against visible light and electromagnetic interferences. For on-chip applications, integration of all the optical components including the MIR source is crucial. In this work, we introduce a slab photonic crystal (PhC) thermal source where the birthplace and the filtering of the photons occur in the same region. Due to the forbidden frequency bands and high density of states in the band edge, it provides electric efficiency and filtering performance.

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42

Gorelik, V. S., N. I. Yurasov, Y. P. Voinov, M. I. Samoilovich, and V. V. Gryasnov. "The Reflectance Spectra of Photonic Crystals with Embedded Ferrite Inclusions." Solid State Phenomena 152-153 (April 2009): 518–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.152-153.518.

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Results of optical properties investigations of photonic crystals, filled by ferrites, are presented. The photonic crystals consist of amorphous SiO2 spherical nanoclusters. Pores of the crystals were filled by ferrites , where . Reflectance spectra were studied in visible range. It was shown that the reflectivity of the fabricated magnetophotonic crystals increases up to 80% under magnetization.

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43

Binbin Yan, Binbin Yan, Jinhui Yuan Jinhui Yuan, Xinzhu Sang Xinzhu Sang, Kuiru Wang Kuiru Wang, and and Chongxiu Yu and Chongxiu Yu. "Combined nonlinear effects for UV to visible wavelength generation in a photonic crystal fiber." Chinese Optics Letters 14, no. 5 (2016): 050603–50606. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201614.050603.

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44

ALY, ARAFA H., and SANG-WAN RYU. "CONTROL OF THz TRANSMISSION THROUGH METALLIC PHOTONIC CRYSTALS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 23, no. 10 (April 20, 2009): 2297–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979209052625.

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We show theoretically that the optical properties of one-dimensional metallic photonic crystals can be enhanced considerably over the corresponding constituent metal. By properly choosing the structural and material parameters, the optical properties of one-dimensional metallic-dielectric photonic crystals can be enhanced by one order of magnitude in the visible and in the THz regions.

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45

Zhang, Zhonghai, and Hongjun Wu. "Multiple band light trapping in ultraviolet, visible and near infrared regions with TiO2 based photonic materials." Chem. Commun. 50, no. 91 (2014): 14179–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cc05532b.

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46

Kriegel, Ilka, and Francesco Scotognella. "Indium Tin Oxide Nanoparticle: TiO2: Air Layers for One-Dimensional Multilayer Photonic Structures." Applied Sciences 9, no. 12 (June 24, 2019): 2564. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9122564.

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In this work we study the optical properties of one-dimensional photonic crystals in which layers of silica nanoparticles are alternated with layers of indium tin oxide nanoparticle (ITO)/titania nanoparticle mixture, using the transfer matrix method. The dielectric function of the mixed ITO/TiO2 nanoparticle layer is carefully accounted for with a generalized Rayleigh equation for the ternary mixture ITO:TiO2:air. We studied the light transmission of the multilayer photonic crystal as a function of the ITO/TiO2 ratio. We observe that, by increasing the ITO content and its carrier density in the three-phase mixture, the intensity of the plasmon resonance in the near infrared (NIR) increases and the intensity of the photonic band gap (visible) decreases. Thus, our study is of major importance for the realization of electrochromic smart windows, in which separate and independent NIR and visible light control is required.

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47

Zabuga, Aleksandra V., Marcelle I. Arrigo, Jérémie Teyssier, Sébastien R. Mouchet, Kanto Nishikawa, Masafumi Matsui, Miguel Vences, and Michel C. Milinkovitch. "Translucent in air and iridescent in water: structural analysis of a salamander egg sac." Soft Matter 16, no. 7 (2020): 1714–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9sm02151e.

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48

Shirakbari, N., SR Ghaffarian, and M. Mohseni. "Fabrication and simulation of inverse poly(ferrocenylmethylvinylsilane)/silica opal structures and their optical properties." Journal of Composite Materials 51, no. 11 (July 8, 2016): 1595–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998316658541.

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Photonic crystal structures were fabricated by the formation of periodic arrays of poly(ferrocenylsilane) (PFS) derivations and silica spheres. Here, we present the primary steps of a simulation-driven design of photonic crystal based on PFS as a potentially stimuli-responsive polymer, which can present predesigned color when subjected to the visible light. The poly(ferrocenylmethylvinylsilane) (PFMVS) was synthesized by photolytic anionic ring opening polymerization of methylvinylsila[1]ferrocenophane monomer under controlled condition and monodisperse silica spheres were synthesized by the Stober process. Bare silica opal was prepared by the convective self-assembly process of different sizes of silica spheres on glass substrate followed by infiltration of PFMVS to obtain PFMVS/silica opal and finally removal of the silica spheres by acid washing to attain the inverse PFMVS opal. The particle size of silica spheres along with the refractive indices contrast of different components forming photonic crystal played an important role in obtaining the maximum reflectance wavelength of the desired opal. Photonic crystal prepared by 210, 270, and 330 nm monodisperse silica spheres represents the blue, green, and red color, respectively. Simulation analyses of these opal structures were investigated by using the plane-wave expansion (PWE) method to assess the photonic crystal behavior versus the visible light. According to the simulation results, the photonic crystal structure was designed. The experimental reflectance outcomes of the three opal structures were in good agreement with the simulation analysis.

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49

Yue, Youfeng, Xufeng Li, Takayuki Kurokawa, Md Anamul Haque, and Jian Ping Gong. "Decoupling dual-stimuli responses in patterned lamellar hydrogels as photonic sensors." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 4, no. 23 (2016): 4104–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6tb00619a.

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50

García, Iñaki López, Mario Siciliani de Cumis, Davide Mazzotti, Iacopo Galli, Pablo Cancio Pastor, and Paolo De Natale. "Silicon-Based Multilayer Waveguides for Integrated Photonic Devices from the Near to Mid Infrared." Applied Sciences 11, no. 3 (January 29, 2021): 1227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11031227.

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Advancements in spectroscopy, quantum optics, communication, and sensing require new classes of integrated photonic devices to host a wide range of non-linear optical processes involving wavelengths from the visible to the infrared. In this framework, waveguide (WG) structures designed with innovative geometry and materials can play a key role. We report both finite element modeling and experimental characterization of silicon nitride multilayer WGs from the visible to the mid-infrared spectral regions. The simulations evaluated optical behavior and mechanical stress as a function of number of WG layers and photonic structure dimensions. WGs were optimized for waveguiding at 1550 nm and 2640 nm. Experimental characterization focused on optical behavior and coupling losses from 532 nm to 2640 nm. Measured losses in WGs indicate a quasi-perfect waveguiding behavior in the IR range (with losses below 6 dB), with a relevant increase (up to 20 dB) in the visible range.

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