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Статті в журналах з теми "Virginia"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 30 липня 2024

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1

Silverman, Aaron J. "In Search of the White Idyll." Journal of Early American History 4, no. 3 (November 22, 2014): 239–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18770703-00403003.

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The Haitian Revolutionary Era prompted Virginian elites to reconsider their revolutionary commitment to manumission. In 1782 Virginia became the first and only North American plantation society to liberalize manumission, but rescinded the bill in 1806, and forbid permanent residence to newly freed ex-slaves. As a result, white Virginians turned to colonization as the solution to the problem of liberalism in a slavery society. In rejecting the possibility of a free and multiracial society, Virginia elites resurrected social colonialism, and relegated slavery to the new national body politic.

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2

Waters, Leland, Anne Rhodes, Shannon Arnette, Dan Bluestein, Emily Ihara, Megumi Inoue, and Catherine Tompkins. "Virginia’s Response to the Nursing Home COVID Action Network." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 492. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.1899.

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Abstract The Virginia Geriatric Education Center’s GWEP recruited 195 of Virginia's 273 eligible nursing homes, using two Project ECHO Nursing Home Training Centers located at George Mason University and Virginia Commonwealth University. These sessions promoted collaboration, allowed for sharing of successes and challenges, and nurtured quality improvement projects. Our next steps are to survey Virginia’s nursing homes to see if they are interested in future ECHO sessions with other topics. We plan to share these results with the Institute for Healthcare Improvement so that we may be able to continue to enhance this national network of Training Centers with faculty and staffing dedicated to quality assurance and performance improvement. The program has initiated new collaborations with nursing homes across many healthcare disciplines, strengthened connections between nursing homes and research institutions, and will help foster innovative ways to collaborate in this post-pandemic virtually connected world.

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3

Roper, Peter. "Jed Hotchkiss and the Geological Map of Virginia." Earth Sciences History 10, no. 1 (January 1, 1991): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/eshi.10.1.f077850487513425.

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William Barton Rogers' pioneering geological survey was terminated in 1842 with none of its three principal aims accomplished. In particular no funds were made available for the preparation of a geological map, even supposing that a suitable base map existed for the purpose. Thirty-four years were to elapse before Jedediah Hotchkiss, appointed by Virginia's Board of Immigration to write a wide-ranging geographical and political description of Virginia, produced a topographical map at a scale of 24 miles to one inch on which Rogers was able to delineate the results of the survey. Later, Hotchkiss publicized Rogers' work in the mining and scientific journal, The Virginias, which he founded in 1880. In the June issue of that year he included a version of this geological map. Later, Rogers and Hotchkiss planned to produce a new map at a scale of 8 miles to one inch. Following the death of Rogers in 1882, Hotchkiss collaborated with Emma Rogers in preparing a reprint of Rogers' survey reports and other papers relating to the geology of Virginia; this was to be accompanied by the larger scale map. In the event, Hotchkiss was only able to provide a revisision of the 1880 map. However, he did edit and supervise the printing of the 96 sections produced by Rogers. These were exhibited at the New Orleans Exposition 1884/5 along with the new edition of the 24 miles to one inch map. He also displayed wall maps of Virginia at a scale of 3.5 miles to one inch, including one showing Rogers' geology.

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4

Graham, Andrew, and Cole DeLancey. "West Virginia." Texas Wesleyan Law Review 18, no. 3 (March 2012): 675–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/twlr.v18.i3.23.

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This Article summarizes and discusses important cases, legislation, and regulations issued or enacted pertaining to the oil and gas jurisprudence of West Virginia between September 1, 2010, and August 31, 2011. The Authors acknowledge that the term "important" is subjec- tive; nevertheless, they endeavor to discuss the most germane cases and regulations affecting the oil and gas industry. This Article is divided into two parts. Part One discusses a very important regulation promulgated by the Office of Oil and Gas, a division of the West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection, regarding water use by the oil and gas industry when drilling horizontal wells. Noticeably absent from this Part is any discussion of major legislation affecting the oil and gas industry. During the requisite period, no significant legislation was enacted, which the Authors subjectively deemed worthy of discussion. Nevertheless, the legislature introduced numerous bills, which if enacted, would have substantially impacted the oil and gas industry. Part Two of this Article discusses developments in West Virginia's case law regarding oil and gas. In this Part, the Authors will discuss and analyze major decisions issued by the West Virginia Supreme Court of Appeals ("Supreme Court of Appeals"), one important case litigated in the Circuit Court of Monongalia County, West Virginia, and the United States District Courts for the Northern and Southern Districts of West Virginia.

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5

Graham, Andrew S., and Cole T. Delancey. "West Virginia Oil and Gas Update." Texas Wesleyan Law Review 19, no. 2 (March 2013): 637–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/twlr.v19.i2.33.

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This Article summarizes and discusses important cases and legislation, issued or enacted between September 1, 2011, and August 31, 2012, pertaining to the law of oil and gas in West Virginia. The Article is divided into two parts. Part One discusses the Natural Gas Horizontal Well Control Act, which was enacted by the West Virginia Legislature on December 14, 2011. Part Two discusses developments in West Virginia's case law regarding oil and gas. In this Part, the Authors will discuss and analyze major decisions issued by the West Virginia Supreme Court of Appeals, as well as decisions by the United States District Courts for the Northern and Southern Districts of West Virginia.

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6

Manning, Susan. "Industry and Idleness in Colonial Virginia: A New Approach to William Byrd II." Journal of American Studies 28, no. 2 (August 1994): 169–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875800025445.

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The inception of American regionalism is routinely identified by scholars in either Robert Beverley or William Byrd II, both native Virginians who wrote intensely local works (The History and Present State of Virginia, 1705 ; The History of the Dividing Line Betwixt Virginia and North Carolina, Run in the Year of Our Lord 1728) which are amongst the enduring literary products of colonial America. The regional base of both works is immediately apparent in their subjects and setting; but to stop here is to leave critical questions unanswered, questions which have in recent years begun to be addressed by ethnographers and historians such as David Bertelson, Michael Zuckerman and Kenneth Lockridge. In particular, Lockridge's study, meshing biography, history and social psychology, has proposed an illuminating “reconstruction of Byrd's personality” from his writings, an account which stresses Byrd's cultural predicament as a provincial Virginian who strove to be an English gentleman. My purpose in this paper is not to challenge such an interpretation, nor to propose an alternative historical viewpoint, but rather to add the perspective of literary criticism to our reading of Byrd's prose itself. I shall argue that the “ southernness” of Byrd's writing is a characteristic less of his subject matter — his Virginian material — or of his biographical limitations, than of his style, and that the History of the Dividing Line charts enduring preoccupations of Byrd's writing career which reached perfectly self-conscious apotheosis in this, his most carefully composed and corrected work.

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7

Ingersoll, David C., and Sharon L. Day. "Propagation protocol for Virginia Saltmarsh MallowKosteletzkya virginica." Native Plants Journal 6, no. 3 (October 2005): 245–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/npj.2005.6.3.245.

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8

Allen, PhD, Michael, Jeremy Hoffman, PhD, Jennifer L. Whytlaw, PhD, and Nicole Hutton, PhD. "Assessing Virginia cooling centers as a heat mitigation strategy." Journal of Emergency Management 20, no. 3 (May 1, 2022): 205–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.0671.

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In the United States, heat kills more people on average than any other weather-related hazard, thus the mitigation of heat-related impacts remains a significant issue within emergency management and public health communities. Research indicates the use of community cooling centers as an effective way to reduce vulnerability and adverse heat impacts. Using the Commonwealth of Virginia as a study location, this research evaluates the placement of cooling centers and assesses emergency managers’ understanding of heat-related issues. Surveying local emergency managers and aggregating media reports, a total of 256 cooling centers were identified across 39 localities. Vulnerable populations differed in their proximity to the identified cooling centers. While over 65 percent of Virginians live within a 15-minute drive of a cooling center, this favors wealthier community members; less than 7 percent of Virginia’s population below poverty lives within this same 15-minute driveshed. Spatial variability exists with many communities not opening any cooling centers. Within city and county hazard plans, the inclusion of comprehensive heat-related hazard information remains low. The research suggests further cooperation across government and nongovernment agencies is needed to improve the resilience to heat-health concerns across Virginia.

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9

KONTSCHÁN, JENŐ. "New species and new records of Uropodina from Virginia, USA (Acari: Mesostigmata)." Zootaxa 4347, no. 2 (November 13, 2017): 346. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4347.2.9.

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Jedediella hoffmani sp. nov. and Trachytes virginiana sp. nov. are described on the basis of specimens from Virginia USA. This paper also presents the first published records of Trachytes balazyi Wiśniewski & Hirschmann, 1994, Discourella gaitlinburgiana Wiśniewski & Hirschmann, 1994 and Discourella modestasimilis Hiramatsu & Hirschmann 1979 from Virginia, and the first record of Discourella modestasimilis from USA.

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10

Barnes, James L., Mohamed Y. Zarrugh, David J. Lawrence, and Robert L. McKown. "A Government—University—Industry Response to Critical Manufacturing Innovation Needs." Industry and Higher Education 14, no. 2 (April 2000): 73–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/000000000101294913.

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The mission of Virginia's Manufacturing Innovation Center (VMIC), funded by Virginia's Center for Innovative Technology and sponsored by James Madison University (JMU), is to enhance the capability of Virginia's small-and medium-sized manufacturing firms initially in the Commonwealth of Virginia, then nationally and internationally, to meet the competitive challenges of the future. VMIC helps build strong economic foundations with a high-quality, well-trained workforce, accessible technology and modern business practices, and forward-looking infrastructure, while improving the quality of life and maintaining strong economic development programmes. Key strategic goals of VMIC are providing access to existing and new advanced manufacturing technology and innovative workforce training for Virginia.

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11

Clark, Michael D. "More English than the English: Cavalier and Democrat in Virginia Historical Writing, 1870–1930." Journal of American Studies 27, no. 2 (August 1993): 187–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875800031522.

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Nothing in the literature and historiography of Virginia is more familiar than the “myth of the cavalier.” The term applies most strictly to the notion that royalist refugees of the English Civil War “were the immediate ancestors of the aristocracy which prevails in Virginia to this day,” as William Alexander Caruthers wrote inThe Cavaliers of Virginiain 1834. It quickly became conventional to extend the usage to the descendants as well as the ancestors, and twenty years later another novelist, John Esten Cooke, found it natural to invoke the “beautiful dames and gallant cavaliers” of Virginia society in the period of the American Revolution.

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12

Haun, Billy. "Making performance assessments part of accountability." education policy analysis archives 26 (January 29, 2018): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.26.3643.

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The purpose of this commentary is to describe recent efforts in Virginia to develop and use performance assessments, including the challenges that emerged during this process and key considerations for states that integrate performance assessment into their systems. Performance assessments can play an important role in preparing students for success and college and career, as described in Virginia’s Profile of a Virginia Graduate.

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13

Nkansah, Kofi, and Alan R. Collins. "Willingness to Pay for Wind versus Natural Gas Generation of Electricity." Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 48, no. 1 (March 20, 2018): 44–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/age.2017.40.

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In 2009, West Virginia enacted an Alternative and Renewable Portfolio Act (APRA) to broaden its energy use for electricity beyond coal. A choice experiment survey was conducted to assess West Virginians’ willingness to pay (WTP) for 10 percent of electricity generated from wind energy versus natural gas. Results showed that residential consumers preferred electricity generated from wind, with annual per-capita WTP averaging from $19.25 to $26.75. Given the subsequent repeal of the APRA in 2015, we propose implementation of a voluntary green pricing program as an alternative policy to increase the share of renewable energy in West Virginia's energy portfolio.

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14

Brittany Means. "Investigations: Virginia/West Virginia." Journal of Appalachian Studies 22, no. 1 (2016): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/jappastud.22.1.0134.

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15

Miller, Patrick A., Jisoo Sim, Leighton Powell, and Lynn Crump. "Scenic Assessment Methodology for Preserving Scenic Viewsheds of Virginia, USA." Land 13, no. 7 (July 8, 2024): 1010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land13071010.

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The non-profit organization Scenic Virginia is dedicated to identifying and showcasing the state’s scenic landscapes. Recently, the state incorporated a “scenic” element into its new Conserve Virginia land conservation strategy. Consequently, there is a need for a standardized assessment tool that both citizens and professionals can use to identify and evaluate the scenic value of publicly accessible viewsheds in Virginia. This paper outlines the rationale behind developing a scientifically robust protocol, which is based on an extensive literature review and photographs from Scenic Virginia’s annual photo contest. The protocol serves as a scenic assessment tool designed to encourage local citizen participation in identifying significant scenic resources in Virginia. Local communities will utilize this new tool to help them identify and evaluate their scenic assets. The protocol was reviewed by a panel of experts, and its implementation is currently underway.

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16

Farrell, Cassandra Britt. "More than Just a Pretty Picture: The Map Collection at the Library of Virginia." Cartographic Perspectives, no. 65 (March 1, 2010): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp65.133.

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The Library of Virginia’s map collection has grown significantly since the Library opened in 1823. Seven maps and four atlases are listed in the 1828 catalog and today approximately 65,000 maps are housed at the Library of Virginia. Rare manuscript collections, valuable “mother” maps of the state, and thousands of maps produced for commercial and federal publications are available for patron use. They are more than just pretty pictures, as this article attempts to show. In fact, this article is based on a presentation I gave in August 2008 at the Library of Virginia during the exhibition “From Williamsburg to Wills’s Creek: the Fry-Jefferson Map of Virginia.”

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17

DeBerry, Douglas. "Vegetation Sampling Concepts for Compensatory Mitigation Sites." Wetland Science & Practice 37, no. 3 (July 2020): 174–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1672/ucrt083-225.

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I n 2018, the Norfolk District of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) and the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ), in their roles as co-chairs of Virginia’s Interagency Review Team (IRT), proposed modifications to the Virginia Mitigation Banking Instrument (MBI) Template (Template). The Template is a document used to establish compensatory wetland and stream mitigation banks in the state, serving as a planning-level tool with minimum standards and design criteria for that purpose. Prospective mitigation banks are approved via IRT ratification of an acceptable MBI, which provides the necessary documentation for the “…establishment, use, operation, and management…” of mitigation banks in Virginia.

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18

Miller, Ann B. "Survey and Determination of Historic Significance of Nonarched Concrete Bridges in Virginia Constructed Prior to 1950." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1601, no. 1 (January 1997): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1601-01.

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Bridges are a cultural resource that must be considered for historic significance under the Historic Preservation Act of 1966. The Virginia Transportation Research Council conducted pioneering studies of Virginia’s early metal truss bridges and concrete and masonry arch bridges during the 1970s and 1980s. However, no comprehensive evaluation of nonarched concrete bridges in Virginia had been undertaken, and it had become standard practice to evaluate these bridges on a case-by-case basis as projects arose that might affect them. Most of these studies were done by outside consultants, a time-consuming and expensive method. The Virginia Transportation Research Council’s Survey of Non-Arched Historic Concrete Bridges in Virginia Constructed Prior to 1950 has rectified the lack of information and analysis of these bridges (1950 was chosen as a cutoff date because structures generally must be at least 50 years old to be considered historically significant under National Register criteria). A field survey and data tabulation were completed, and criteria for the evaluation of historic significance were developed and applied to the results of the survey and analysis. Of 1,420 nonarched concrete bridges built before 1950, fewer than a dozen were found to be individually eligible for the National Register of Historic Places. The project identified Virginia’s few significant bridges of this type for appropriate management, and cleared more than 1,400 bridges, the great majority of Virginia’s nonarched concrete bridges, for maintenance and upgrade as needed. It is estimated that this project has already saved the Virginia Department of Transportation $500,000 and eliminated a typical 3- to 4-month delay for each project. Projected savings arising from this project are estimated at approximately $2.5 million over the next 10 years.

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19

Scott, Veronica, Luke Juran, Erin J. Ling, Brian Benham, and Asa Spiller. "Assessing Strontium and Vulnerability to Strontium in Private Drinking Water Systems in Virginia." Water 12, no. 4 (April 8, 2020): 1053. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12041053.

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A total of 1.7 million Virginians rely on private drinking water (PDW) systems and 1.3 million of those people do not know their water quality. Because most Virginians who use PDW do not know the quality of that water and since strontium poses a public health risk, this study investigates sources of strontium in PDW in Virginia and identifies the areas and populations most vulnerable. Physical factors such as rock type, rock age, and fertilizer use have been linked to elevated strontium concentrations in drinking water. Social factors such as poverty, poor diet, and adolescence also increase social vulnerability to health impacts of strontium. Using water quality data from the Virginia Household Water Quality Program (VAHWQP) and statistical and spatial analyses, physical vulnerability was found to be highest in the Ridge and Valley province of Virginia where agricultural land use and geologic formations with high strontium concentrations (e.g., limestone, dolomite, sandstone, shale) are the dominant aquifer rocks. In terms of social vulnerability, households with high levels of strontium are more likely than the average VAHWQP participant to live in a food desert. This study provides information to help 1.7 million residents of Virginia, as well as populations in neighboring states, understand their risk of exposure to strontium in PDW.

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20

Fershee, Josh. "Oil & Gas Survey: West Virginia." Texas A&M Journal of Property Law 6, no. 3 (December 2020): 382–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/jpl.v6.i3.19.

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This Article summarizes and discusses important recent developments in West Virginia’s oil and gas law as determined by recent West Virginia Supreme Court of Appeals cases. There were no substantial legislative changes in the current period.

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21

Ingersoll, David C., and Sharon L. Day. "Propagation protocol for Virginia Saltmarsh Mallow Kosteletzkya virginica." Native Plants Journal 6, no. 3 (2005): 245–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/npj.2005.0055.

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22

Lindstrom, Jon T., and Matthew C. Pelto. "Micropropagation of Virginia Sweetspire (Itea virginica ‘Henry's Garnet’)." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 21, no. 4 (December 1, 2003): 206–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-21.4.206.

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Abstract The woody shrub, Itea virginica L., Virginia sweetspire, has recently increased in popularity due to its multiple seasons of interest in the landscape. In this study, we investigated micropropagation as a means to produce this plant. Combinations of BA (1, 4, and 10 μM) and NAA (0.01, 0.1, and 1.0 μM) were evaluated for in vitro shoot induction in Itea virginica L. ‘Henry's Garnet’ on a Murashige and Skoog medium. The best combination of BA and NAA (4 μM and 0.1 μM) yielded an average of 7.9 microshoots per explant for ‘Henry's Garnet’. When dipped in a common auxin-containing, commercial rooting formulation, microshoots rooted ex vitro within four weeks. Tissue-culture produced plantlets of I. virginica ‘Henry's Garnet’ flowered one year after removal from culture.

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23

J.H, KULKARNI, JOSHI P.K, and BHATT D.M. "NODULATION AND NITROGEN FIXATION IN SOME IMPROVED VARIETIES OF GROUNDNUT (Arachis hypogaea.L.)." Madras Agricultural Journal 79, April (1992): 198–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.a01752.

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Important commercially cultivated varieties representing three habit groups of groundnut were evaluated during rainy season for plant growth, nodulation and nitrogen fixation. Varieties of virginia runner, virginia bunch (spp. hypogaca var. hypogaea) were found to be superior bunch (spp. festigiate var. vulgaria) and valencia (spp. fastigiata var. fastigiata) in all the parameters studied. An early bunch variety, JL 24 among the spanish varieties, M 145 and TMV 10 of virginia bunch and $ 230, M 37 and GAUG 10 of virgina runner were found to have higher nitrogen fixation and plant growth. Significant and positive relationship was observed between nitrogen fixation traits, plant biomass and leaf arca. No correlation between the nitrogen fixation traits and pod yield was evidenced. However, the study indicated that JL 24, M 145 and GAUG 10 were found to have higher yield potential besides good nitrogen fixation.

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24

Pope, Jenny P., and Robert L. Donnell. "Spontaneous neoplasms in captive Virginia opossums (Didelphis virginiana): a retrospective case series (1989–2014) and review of the literature." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 29, no. 3 (April 4, 2017): 331–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1040638717704017.

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This retrospective project summarizes the types of neoplasms identified in Virginia opossums ( Didelphis virginiana) presented to the University of Tennessee, College of Veterinary Medicine (UTCVM) postmortem service in 1989–2014 and serves as a review of the literature. Of the 85 Virginia opossums identified from the UTCVM case database, there were 17 diagnoses of neoplasia from 12 cases (14%). These cases included 8 females, 2 males, and 2 neutered males. All opossums with known ages (11 of 12) were >2 y old. Pulmonary tumors, specifically minimally invasive or lepidic-predominant adenocarcinomas, were the most common diagnosis and accounted for 53% (9 of 17) of the neoplasms. Additional tumors included acute myeloid leukemia with eosinophil maturation, hepatic hemangiosarcoma, sarcoma (unknown origin), squamous cell carcinoma, disseminated mast cell tumor, trichoblastoma, thyroid adenoma, and an osteoma. These findings serve as a reference for the types of spontaneous neoplasms in Virginia opossums; based on these findings, neoplasia should be considered as a differential in mature captive Virginia opossums.

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25

Rasheed, Gulnaz. "The Impact of Psychoanalytical Theory on the Character of Mrs. Ramsay in Virginia Woolf’s Novel ‘To the Lighthouse’." Journal of Peace, Development & Communication 07, no. 01 (January 25, 2023): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.36968/jpdc-v07-i01-02.

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This article is written keeping in mind with the novel ‘To the Lighthouse’ written by Virginia Woolf. She is the modern novelist of the twentieth century. She wrote, ‘To the Lighthouse’ in 1927, which uses rudiments taken for Virginia’s own life. This novel contains deeper exploration of the human mind. Virginia Woolf sets this novel in the ‘Isle of Skye’ in Scotland. The main purpose of this article is to see the novel of Virginia Woolf with the lens of Sigmund Freud’s theory ‘Psychoanalysis’. This theory which deals with the unconscious mind of human. This article is dig out that how human behaviours and cognition effect the personality of persons which are settled in the mind of human. Virginia drifts the characters mind’s inner emotions especially the protagonist Mrs Ramsay who has the central figure of the story. By analysing of the theory of Psychoanalysis, the character of Mrs. Ramsay is explored in this article.

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26

Ylioja, Tiina, Daniel H. Slone, and Matthew P. Ayres. "Mismatch between Herbivore Behavior and Demographics Contributes to Scale-Dependence of Host Susceptibility in Two Pine Species." Forest Science 51, no. 6 (December 1, 2005): 522–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestscience/51.6.522.

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Abstract The impacts on forests of tree-killing bark beetles can depend on the species composition of potential host trees. Host susceptibility might be an intrinsic property of tree species, or it might depend on spatial patterning of alternative host species. We compared the susceptibility of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) and Virginia pine (P. virginiana) to southern pine beetle (Dendroctonus frontalis) at two hierarchical levels of geographic scale: within beetle infestations in heterospecific stands (extent ranging from 0.28 to 0.65 ha), and across a forest landscape (extent 72,500 ha) that was dominated by monospecific stands. In the former, beetles preferentially attacked Virginia pine (tree mortality = 65–100% in Virginia pine versus 0–66% in loblolly pine), but in the latter, loblolly stands were more susceptible than Virginia stands. This hierarchical transition in host susceptibility was predicted from knowledge of (1) a behavioral preference of beetles for attacking loblolly versus Virginia pine, (2) a negative correlation between preference and performance, and (3) a mismatch in the domain of scale between demographics and host selection by individuals. There is value for forest management in understanding the processes that can produce hierarchical transitions in ecological patterns. FOR. SCI. 51(6):522–531.

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27

Verona, L., Supriyadi, N. E. Diana, and G. S. A. Fatah. "Virginia tobacco sustainable production in Indonesia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 974, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/974/1/012116.

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Abstract In Indonesia, tobacco has a very important and strategic role. Cigarette production in Indonesia reaches 362 billion cigarettes and needs 362 thousand tons of tobacco. Meanwhile, the national tobacco production was only about 180 thousand tons of 220 thousand hectares. To cover the shortage of raw materials, imports are carried out. Types of imported tobacco are mainly Virginia tobacco which reaches 110 thousand tons, Oriental and Burley. Assuming that Virginia’s tobacco productivity reaches 2 tons per hectare, an area of approximately 55 thousand hectares is required to cover the demand for Virginia’s tobacco. Opportunities for the development of Virginia tobacco in Indonesia can be carried out in several areas. It must be covered and supported by technology and policy for tobacco development that is land suitability, varieties, cultivation technology, pest and disease control, harvesting and processing technology, and marketing. With this support, the sustainability of tobacco cultivation is expected to meet the needs of raw materials on an ongoing basis.

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28

Baz, Martin, and R. Thomas Fernandez. "Evaluating Woody Ornamentals for Use in Herbicide Phytoremediation." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 127, no. 6 (November 2002): 991–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.127.6.991.

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Itea virginica L. `Sprich' (virginia sweetspire), Salix alba L. (white willow), and S. gracilistyla var. melanostachys (Mak.) Miq. (black pussywillow) were treated with a 4 mg·L-1 suspension of two herbicides, isoxaben and oryzalin, a water control (water) or a nonsaturated control (control) for 9 days. Growth and photosynthetic responses were monitored before, during and after the 9-day treatment for a total of 51 days. Growth index of white willow and virginia sweetspire was only reduced by isoxaben treatment while both herbicides reduced the growth index for black pussywillow compared to control. Plant dry weights of the willows were not affected by day 9. Final dry weight was lower for both herbicide treatments for all taxa. The water treatment resulted in lower total dry weight than control only for virginia sweetspire. Isoxaben reduced photosystem II efficiency (Fv/Fm) and CO2 assimilation (A) following release from treatments of virginia sweetspire and black pussywillow. There were few differences in Fv/Fm and A for white willow. The response to oryzalin was similar to water for most parameters measured for virginia sweetspire and white willow. Growth was more strongly affected by oryzalin for black pussywillow than for other taxa but there were few differences in Fv/Fm or A between oryzalin and control for any of the taxa. Virginia sweetspire and white willow showed promise for use in phytoremediation of oryzalin but none of the taxa performed well under the levels of isoxaben used. Chemical names used: isoxaben (N-[3-(1-ethyl-1-methylpropyl)-5-isoxazolyly]-2,6-dimethoxybenzamide); oryzalin (4-(dipropylamino)-3,5-dinitrobenzenesulforamide).

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29

Krevitz, Ellyn. "Not in My Landfill: Virginia and the Politics of Waste Importation." Policy Perspectives 7, no. 2 (May 1, 2000): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4079/pp.v7i2.4215.

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Since the 1970s, federal and state regulations have dramatically changed the management of municipal solid waste in the Commonwealth of Virginia. Regulations required open dumps to be replaced by sanitary landfills with control technology to prevent environmental contamination. In contrast to local governments, private waste management companies had the financial resources to construct landfills with the necessary technology. Recently, companies have found that these expansive landfills could not survive financially on Virginia trash alone and began to import waste from other municipalities on the East Coast. This practice has led Virginia to become the second largest importer of municipal solid waste in the country. Waste importation has developed into a political and legal battle that has pitted the Commonwealth and grassroots organizations against the waste industry and its clients. Each stakeholder group makes a compelling argument as to why their position best protects local economies, Virginia's citizens, and the Commonwealth's natural resources. However, the Commerce Clause prevents states from enacting statutes that would interfere with interstate trade of waste. This article discusses the growth of the waste industry in Virginia and the perspectives of stakeholders involved with the importation debate. Without federal legislative action, the author concludes, there is no straightforward answer to the "problem" of waste importation in Virginia.

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30

Parmar, Vidushi. "The conflict of Reality and Thought in Mrs Dalloway as inspired by Virginia Woolf’s Life." International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences 7, no. 5 (2022): 216–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijels.75.33.

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The paper delves into the ocean of reality and thought as they exist in coordination as well as paradox in Virginia Woolf’s one of its kind novel Mrs. Dalloway. It also aspire to understand the deeper reasons that lead to Virginia writing such characters which seems far apart in their experience but are uniquely similar when seen from the lens of thought. Virginia’s personal life effected the characters consciousness, and their reactions to certain situations also find root in her own life. The concept of stream of consciousness was not new in the twentieth century but its employment was certainly unique in Mrs Dalloway, which made it popular among the public in general. It endeavour to understand the characters of Clarissa and Septimus in relation with Virginia’s interpretation of “stream of consciousness”, and the depiction of reality as driven by Virginia’s life and thought process.

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31

Isleib, T. G., J. L. Day, A. E. Coy, J. P. Beasley, and W. D. Branch. "Genotype-by-Irrigation Interaction in the Georgia Peanut Official Variety Test." Peanut Science 41, no. 1 (January 1, 2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3146/0095-3679-41.1.1.

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ABSTRACT Entry means from 88 trials of runner- and virginia-type peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) conducted over 16 years and three locations in the state of Georgia with an irrigated and a non-irrigated test performed at each year-location combination were examined to determine the mean performance for cultivars and breeding lines and to determine if they exhibit interaction with water regimes. All lines responded positively to irrigation for pod yield, total sound mature kernels (TSMK), 100-seed weight, and estimated support price and dollar value. Runner cultivars generally performed better in Georgia than did virginias although some virginia cultivars developed in Georgia were competitive with superior runners. The runner cultivar with the greatest value per hectare in this study was Georgia-12Y; the virginia cultivars were Georgia-08V and Georgia-11J. There was interaction between water regimes and entries for all reported traits except estimated dollar value. For pod yield and 100-seed weight the interaction was solely between water regimes and market types, for TSMK and length of season it was solely between water regimes and entries within market types, and for estimated support price it was both. In general, the effect of irrigation was more substantial on grade of virginia market-types than it was on runners while runners responded more to irrigation for pod yield than did virginias (982 vs. 782 kg ha−1, P<0.0169). Interaction of water regimes with specific entries within market types was in the main a matter of varying degree of effect of irrigation on specific lines but all in the same general direction. The exception was length of season which actually increased under irrigation for the most recent Univ. of Georgia releases, Georgia-10T, Georgia-11J, and Georgia-12Y, while irrigation hastened the maturity of all other lines.

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32

Hinesley, L. E., D. M. Pharr, L. K. Snelling, and S. R. Funderburk. "Foliar Raffinose and Sucrose in Four Conifer Species: Relationship to Seasonal Temperature." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 117, no. 5 (September 1992): 852–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.117.5.852.

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Foliar raffinose and sucrose concentrations in eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.), eastern redcedar (Juniperus virginiana L.), Leyland cypress (×Cupressocyparis leylandii Dallim.), and Virginia pine (Pinus virginiana L.) were measured monthly over 2 years. During cold weather, foliage of white pine and redcedar contained higher concentrations of raffinose and sucrose than did Leyland cypress and Virginia pine. Rafflnose concentrations were highest during winter and were best correlated with the frequency of occurrence of daily minima ≤ 1.7C during the 30 days before sampling. Sucrose concentrations, which also reached maximum levels during the winter, were best correlated with the frequency of occurrence of daily minima ≤ 7.2C in the prior 30 days. Sucrose concentrations were relatively high during fall and spring. Raffinose and sucrose concentrations increased in response to recurring low temperature, with correlations highest for raffinose.

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33

Belden, Allen, Gary P. Fleming, J. Christopher Ludwig, John F. Townsend, Nancy E. Van Alstine, Charles E. Stevens, and Thomas F. Wieboldt. "Virginia." Castanea 69, no. 2 (June 2004): 144–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2179/0008-7475(2004)069<0144:v>2.0.co;2.

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34

Steury, Brent W. "Virginia." Castanea 69, no. 3 (September 2004): 241–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2179/0008-7475(2004)069<0241:v>2.0.co;2.

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35

Steury, Brent W. "Virginia." Castanea 75, no. 1 (March 2010): 134–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2179/09-027.1.

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36

Steury, Brent W. "Virginia." Castanea 75, no. 2 (June 2010): 294–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2179/09-027a.1.

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37

Poindexter, Derick B., and Zack E. Murrell. "Virginia." Castanea 76, no. 2 (June 2011): 197–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2179/10-030.1.

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38

McMullen, Conley K., and Brinton E. Domangue. "Virginia." Castanea 79, no. 1 (March 2014): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2179/13-031.

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39

Heidt, Mason. "Virginia." Texas A&M Journal of Property Law 6, no. 3 (December 2020): 369–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/jpl.v6.i3.18.

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This Article addresses developments in Virginia oil and gas law for the period from July 31, 2014 to July 31, 2019. This period is longer than normally addressed by this journal to capture important developments in the law between this update and the last Virginia update published in 2015. At the state level, in Swords Creek Land Partnership v. Belcher, the Supreme Court of Virginia concluded coalbed methane (“CBM”) is a separate and distinct mineral estate from coal. It held that the meaning of “coal” within an 1887 severance deed was unambiguous and did not intend to convey ownership rights to the CBM.1 This decision reaffirmed and expanded the Court’s previous holding in Harrison-Wyatt. In Dye v. CNX Gas Co., the Court held that a deed conveying “all coal and minerals” was also unambiguous and with the addition of the “and minerals” language constituted a transfer of CBM.

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40

CUNDIFF, O. RAYMOND. "Virginia." Juvenile Court Judges Journal 3, no. 3 (March 18, 2009): 24–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-6988.1952.tb00432.x.

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41

Barlow, Constance A., Anne Phelan, Deborah Hurlock, Russell Sawa, Gayla Rogers, and Flo Myrick. "Virginia." Affilia 21, no. 4 (November 2006): 380–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886109906292175.

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42

Kane, Leslie, and Edna O'Brien. "Virginia." World Literature Today 60, no. 2 (1986): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40141780.

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43

Stevens, Wendy. "Virginia." Journal of Workplace Learning 9, no. 2 (April 1997): 79–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13665629710164977.

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44

Guss, J. Vincent. "Virginia." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 1, no. 2 (1992): 125–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180100008306.

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45

Neal, Heather, William Owings, and Leslie Kaplan. "Virginia." Journal of Education Human Resources 41, S1 (September 1, 2023): 135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jehr-2023-0033.

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FY2022 ended with a surplus of $1.94 billion in spite of Virginia’s real gross domestic product decreasing by 1.7% to a rate of 4.3%. The General Assembly convened on June 22, 2022, for a special session to update the budget and reallocate funds due to increased state tax revenue and federal funds. The biennial budget increased by almost $9.5 billion, and with an acute teacher shortage, salaries for P–12 and higher education were a priority, and an overall 10% raise for educators was provided over a 2-year period.

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46

Kostrub, Dan, and Dominique Ranieri. "Virginia." Texas Wesleyan Law Review 18, no. 3 (March 2012): 669–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/twlr.v18.i3.22.

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This update covers the period from September 1, 2010, through August 31, 2011. During this time, Pamela Meade Sargent, United States Magistrate Judge for the United States District Court for the Western District of Virginia, Abingdon Division, addressed five cases concerning disputes over oil and gas leases and estate interest in coal bed methane ("CBM").

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47

Cabe, Paul R., Sujan M. Henkanaththegedara, Brian T. Watson, Zachary J. Loughman, and Roger F. Thoman. "An Annotated Checklist of the Freshwater Crayfish of Virginia." Freshwater Crayfish 26, no. 2 (December 31, 2021): 99–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.5869/fc.2021.v26-2.99.

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Abstract We used existing collection records to summarize the current understanding of freshwater crayfish diversity in Virginia. Virginia includes both Atlantic slope drainages and tributaries of the Tennessee and Ohio Rivers which flow to the Gulf of Mexico via the Mississippi River. The state’s varied topography produces a wide range of freshwater habitats from mountain-side springs and seeps to rushing mountain streams to warm, turbid rivers and the lentic habitats of the coastal plain. We report distributional patterns of 31 species and one subspecies. About 20% of the species reported are introduced, one native species is federally listed as threatened, and several other taxa are species of conservation concern. A number of yet-to-be-described taxa with highly limited distributions will likely need protection. We hope the data included will prove useful in future efforts to understand the diversity of these fascinating and ecologically important animals in Virginia and will further the resolution of Virginia’s complete crayfish fauna.

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48

Sıdıka EKREN, Hakan GEREN, and Özlem ÇEVİK. "Farklı Azot Dozlarının Flue-cured (Virginia) Tütününde Verim ve Bazı Verim Özelliklerine Etkisi." ISPEC Journal of Agricultural Sciences 5, no. 1 (March 9, 2021): 202–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.46291/ispecjasvol5iss1pp202-209.

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Bu araştırmada farklı azot dozu seviyelerinin virgina tütününde verim ve bazı verim özellikleri üzerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Deneme 2019 yılı tütün yetiştirme periyodunda Bornova ekolojik koşullarında dış ortam saksı denemesi olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada 6 farklı azot (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 kg/da) dozu içeren toprağa Virginia tütün fideleri dikilmiştir. Araştırmada bitki boyu (cm), yaprak sayısı (adet/bitki), yaprak boyu (cm), yaprak eni (cm), sap kalınlığı (mm), çap oranı, ovalite katsayısı, yaş ve kuru yaprak ağırlığı (g/bitki) ve toplam alkaloid (nikotin) (%), gibi özellikler incelenmiştir. Uygulanan azot dozlarının sap kalınlığı ve çap oranı hariç incelenen tüm özellikler üzerinde önemli etkilerinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bornova iklim şartlarında dekara 12 kg azot uygulamasının Virginia tütününün verimini yükselten en uygun azot seviyesi olduğu belirlenmiştir.

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Preuett, Jason A., Daniel J. Collins, Douglas Luster, and Timothy L. Widmer. "Screening Selected Gulf Coast and Southeastern Forest Species for Susceptibility to Phytophthora ramorum." Plant Health Progress 14, no. 1 (January 2013): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/php-2013-0730-01-rs.

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Phytophthora ramorum, the causal agent of sudden oak death, poses a threat to woody plants in the rest of the United States. Several plant species native to Gulf Coast and southeastern US forests were tested for reaction to P. ramorum, including eastern baccharis (Baccharis halmifolia), spicebush (Lindera benzoin), yaupon (Ilex vomitoria), southern magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora), sweetbay magnolia (M. virginiana), Virginia creeper (Parthenocissus quinquefolia), black willow (Salix nigra), and baldcypress (Taxodium distichum). The foliage of each species was inoculated with a zoospore suspension and placed in a dew chamber for 5 days. The average percentage of leaf area necrosis was 0.2, 4.9, 27.9, 32.1, 8.6, 1.5, 1.1, 0.2, and 5.0% for inoculated eastern baccharis, spicebush, yaupon, southern magnolia, sweetbay magnolia, Virginia creeper (Louisiana), Virginia creeper (Maryland), black willow, and baldcypress, respectively. Comparison of the percent necrotic leaf area between inoculated and non-inoculated plants showed significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) for yaupon (P = 0.0008), southern magnolia (P = 0.001), and sweetbay magnolia (P = 0.0009). The other species did not show significant differences although infection was confirmed on spicebush, Virginia creeper, and baldcypress. This is a first report of yaupon, sweetbay magnolia, and baldcypress being hosts of P. ramorum. Accepted for publication 2 April 2013. Published 30 July 2013.

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50

Bakay, Gönül. "Virginia Woolf’s Gendered Language." International Journal of Languages, Literature and Linguistics 1, no. 2 (2015): 142–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijlll.2015.v1.28.

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