Книги з теми "Violin expression"
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1
Gerle, Robert. The art of bowing practice: The expressive bow technique. London: Stainer & Bell, 1991.
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2
United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Expressing the sense of the Congress that states should work more aggressively to attack the problem of violent crimes committed by repeat offenders and criminals serving abbreviated sentences: Report (to accompany H. Con. Res. 75). [Washington, D.C.?: U.S. G.P.O., 1997.
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3
Judiciary, United States Congress House Committee on the. Expressing the sense of the Congress that states should work more aggressively to attack the problem of violent crimes committed by repeat offenders and criminals serving abbreviated sentences: Report (to accompany H. Con. Res. 75). [Washington, D.C.?: U.S. G.P.O., 1997.
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4
United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Expressing the sense of the Congress that states should work more aggressively to attack the problem of violent crimes committed by repeat offenders and criminals serving abbreviated sentences: Report (to accompany H. Con. Res. 75). [Washington, D.C.?: U.S. G.P.O., 1997.
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5
(Editor), Anne Witt, ed. Orchestra Expressions, Book Two for Violin (Expressions Music Curriculum). Alfred Publishing Company, 2006.
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6
Anderson, Gerald, Kathleen Brungard, Sandra Dackow, and Michael Alexander. Orchestra Expressions, Book One for Violin (Expressions Music Curriculum). Alfred Publishing Company, 2004.
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7
Uk, Little Brown. Terror Attacks: The Violent Expression of Desperation. Book Sales, 2006.
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8
Santos, Jonathan. 20 Caprichos para Violino Solo de Livre Expressão. Independently Published, 2017.
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9
High, Casey. Like the Ancient Ones. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039058.003.0004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This chapter examines the gendered dimensions of alterity and Waorani understandings of what it means to be “like the ancient ones” (durani bai). It analyzes the place of violence and memory in contemporary Waorani gender dynamics by elucidating the meanings of the expression durani bai by which young people describe their public warrior performances. Despite a strongly egalitarian ethos, the chapter shows that Waorani women and men experience the generational changes that have come with oil work, urban migration, and other social transformations in different ways. It explains how young men struggling to demonstrate the abilities for which male elders and ancestors are remembered embrace the Amazonian warrior of colonial imagination and violent imagery in popular cinema in expressing a form of masculinity they associate with durani bai. Rather than leading to pronounced gender antagonisms between women and men, these generational changes reflect Waorani understandings of gendered agency that associate women with the production of interiority and men with relations of exteriority.
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Spitzer, Michael. Affective shapes and shapings of affect in Bach’s Sonata for Unaccompanied Violin No. 1 in G minor (BWV 1001). Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199351411.003.0008.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This chapter analyses Bach’s Sonata for Unaccompanied Violin No. 1 in G minor in terms of recent theories of music and emotion. It considers how musical ‘shape’ relates to the structure of affect, conceived in the nuanced terms afforded by recent work in the psychology of discrete emotional categories. Part I is dedicated to a close reading of Bach’s opening Adagio. Analysing three levels of shape (acoustic cues, midlevel phrasing and large-scale form), the chapter compares Bach’s music both to the shape of particular emotional behaviours and to the expressive shapings of a formal model. This notion of shaping is then extended to performance styles of ‘expressiveness’ (mainstream, HIP and deviant) in three interpretations of the Adagio captured in tempo and dynamic maps. Part II analyses the whole sonata cycle in terms of ‘transformational vectors’.
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Bolt, Paul J., and Sharyl N. Cross. Emerging Non-traditional Security Challenges. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198719519.003.0005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Chapter 5 focuses on three emerging non-traditional security challenges identified as critical concerns or “main threats” for both Russia and China: color revolutions, cyber and information security, and terrorism and violent extremism. There is a high degree of coincidence between Russian and Chinese perspectives on these issues, recognizing the vulnerabilities that each presents for state security. Russia and China oppose color revolutions, strongly argue that authoritarian regimes have full international legitimacy, and resist attempts to undermine sovereignty in promoting democratization or regime transition. China and Russia attempt to influence international standards on freedom of expression in cyberspace by urging greater UN control over the Internet and engaging in censorship to protect state stability over free expression. While Russia, China, and the West struggle against terrorists who use violence to reshape the international order, China and Russia define terrorism more broadly to include all who might threaten to undermine the current government.
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Beiner, Guy. Restored Forgetting. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198749356.003.0007.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Social forgetting is reinforced by prohibitions on memories that do not correspond to the official ethos. Following Partition, the unionist state in Northern Ireland effectively proscribed commemoration of the United Irishmen. Nonetheless, interest in 1798 found expression in various cultural productions that broke the silence on this taboo. Local folk history traditions persisted into the twentieth century. However, during the violent years of the Troubles, open remembrance was once again subject to decommemorating and forms of censorship. Silencing was undermined by a number of nonconformist writers, who unflinchingly engaged with the ambiguous legacy of the United Irish rebellion.
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Surti, Ghulam Mustafa, Laura Stanton, and Robert Kohn. Violence and Aggression in the Elderly. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199374656.003.0024.
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In nursing homes, aggression is seen in almost 32% of residents. Often, there are medical causes associated with delirium to account for such aggressive behaviors. This chapter discusses the incidence of and issues related to resident-to-staff and resident-to-resident aggression involving patients with major neurocognitive disorders in long-term care settings. Often such aggression results in physical injuries to staff. Resident-to-staff aggression most commonly occurs during direct caregiving. Resident-to-resident assault is not uncommon and has been categorized into 13 major subtypes. Use of physical restraint and pharmacological interventions in response to agitation and aggression in nursing homes carries liability due to risk of injury. The chapter also addresses sexuality of elderly nursing home residents, federal regulations mandating the allowance of expression of sexual needs of residents, and barriers that can impede expression of sexuality by residents. The chapter concludes with a discussion of elder-to-caregiver aggression in the community, including violent behavior toward family and caregivers employed by home healthcare agencies.
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Pemberton, Sarah X. Prison. Edited by Lisa Disch and Mary Hawkesworth. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199328581.013.37.
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This chapter discusses theories of the prison from the 1930s to the present and the contribution of feminist scholarship to understanding power relations in criminal punishment. The central issue in this literature is how imprisonment shapes identities and inequalities, including gender, class, and race. Feminist scholars show that prison regimes impose restrictive gender norms that encourage normative gender expression and disadvantage those who do not comply. The penal system is also shaped by gender stereotypes about crime. Women are often seen as in need of protection from male criminals by the state-legitimated violence of male police and prison guards, which can further subordinate women while reinforcing violent forms of masculinity. Intersectional feminist analysis also demonstrates that prisons uphold class and racial hierarchy, which particularly harms women of color. This literature raises questions about how effectively prison systems protect women, and suggests that prisons may reinforce male dominance.
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Addison, Tony, and Alan Roe. Extractives for Development. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198817369.003.0001.
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Countries face both challenges and opportunities in using their extractive industries to achieve more inclusive development—particularly in the developing world. Extractive industries have shaped economies, societies, and politics of nations—for good and bad. Today’s wealthiest nations owe a part of their high living standards to the extractive industries. Yet while a large national income can result from resource wealth, it can also be associated with acute social inequality and deep poverty—the polar opposite of inclusive development. Many developing countries struggle to diversify their economies, and create redistributive fiscal systems, in ways that reduce poverty, inequality, and social division. The very worst cases see violent conflict and civil war. The expression ‘resource curse’ has in turn become common coin. This chapter lays out the framework of the book for the reader, and describes the motive and contribution of the individual chapters to the narrative thread woven throughout.
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Hand, Derek. Ireland and Europe after 1973. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198749394.003.0032.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This chapter argues that the novel form is best suited to giving expression to the multifaceted Irish reality. Ireland, in the modern moment, is a place of incongruity and contradiction: it is at once a site of colonization and post-colonization, as well as simultaneously positioning itself as an integral part of a modern, globalized, economic union. The novel’s being bound to the immediate moment, while also aspiring toward the transcendence of immutable art, perfectly reflects an Irish mood caught between the violent actuality of war and a desire for mundane ordinariness. Indeed, it can be argued that the novel form offers a very human, and humane, lens through which to expose the hidden histories and anxieties of real people. Certainly the Irish novel has consistently done this from the seventeenth century onward, as it has charted the story of Ireland’s complex emergence into modernity.
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Llano, Samuel. The Band and Social Disorder. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199392469.003.0015.
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This chapter discusses how the privatization of social aid from the 1850s allowed the San Bernardino band to make certain choices about the events it played at. This asset would backfire in the long term, as the band started to get involved in a series of politically radical events. At the Children’s Festival (1888), the San Bernardino band was used by the Liberals to silence the antiliberal song “En revenant de la revue” played by competing bands. The homage in 1897 to General Camilo Polavieja, hero of the Philippine campaign of the Spanish-American War, was an expression of opposition to the government, which was adamant that the war would end in victory. Patriotic fervor peaked as the San Bernardino band played the Cádiz march, but this made the clash with the police more violent and bloody. Surely, episodes like this were part of the reason that funding for the band was discontinued in 1900.
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Skillen, James R. This Land is My Land. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197500699.001.0001.
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This Land Is My Land traces three periods of conservative rebellion against federal land authority over the last forty years—the Sagebrush Rebellion (1979–1982), the War for the West (1991–2000), and the Patriot Rebellion (2009–2016)—showing how they evolved from a regional rebellion waged by westerners with material interests in federal lands to a national rebellion against the federal administrative state. It explains how Western federal land issues were integrated into national conservative politics, and how federal land issues became inseparably linked to a wide range of constitutional issues, such as freedom of religious expression, private property rights, and gun rights. As a result, federal land issues became flashpoints in conservative status politics and American civil religion, leading to armed standoffs between citizens and federal law enforcement officers in 2014, 2015, and 2016. These conflicts illustrate both the profound challenges in multiple-use management of federal land and the violent potential in American civil religion.
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Beck, Brenda. Becoming a Living Goddess. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198767022.003.0010.
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According to South Asian Hindu tradition, what traits or actions lead to a woman becoming “a living goddess”? To answer that question, this chapter considers an ancient Tamil legend known as The Legend of Ponnivala. In that epic story, a mother and daughter are described as living goddesses. Present-day parallels for these two legendary females are then considered. The Ponnivala mother is compared to a living woman known as “Amma” or the “hugging” goddess, who now lives (primarily) in North America. The Ponnivala daughter, by contrast, is compared to a widely known, young virgin kumārī goddess, a tradition practiced for centuries in Kathmandu. A biography of a still-living kumārī is referenced for discussion purposes. The chapter concludes with a discussion of how all “living goddesses” earn their status through personal trials, a perceived development of visionary (sometimes violent) powers, plus an expression of exceptional empathy for the suffering of others.
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Rivers, Larry Eugene. Day-to-Day Resistance. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252036910.003.0002.
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This chapter examines the various forms of conservative resistance used by slaves in Florida and often elsewhere within the slave empire of the United States. William Dusinberre called these types of actions or inactions nonviolent “dissidence.” Indeed, bondservants actively, though discreetly, resisted their owners on a day-to-day basis. In doing so, many slaves believed that they could either get away with their recalcitrance or use it to negotiate concessions from their masters. Since enslaved blacks knew that violent attacks could mean immediate death, they naturally and intelligently sought other means of expressing their discontent concerning plantation or farm regimens. Sometimes they made life uncomfortable for their masters, and sometimes, in the process, they made life uncomfortable for themselves.
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Rivers, Larry Eugene. Stepping Up the Degrees of Resistance. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252036910.003.0003.
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This chapter looks at how on the plantations and farms of nineteenth-century Florida, enslaved people, like their counterparts throughout the South, rarely rose up in rebellion against their masters. In their daily dissidence, slaves—as Gerald W. Mullin noted for eighteenth-century slaves in Virginia—more commonly used inward or non-threatening forms of rebellion that did not undermine Florida′s slave society in any profound manner. These could involve work stoppages and feigned illnesses, among other things. Yet, enslaved Florida blacks often did not bite their tongues when expressing thoughts about their work routines. These tactics could have proven self-destructive and even fatal in a violent Florida frontier area, but slaves still used these token forms of rebellion to wrest concessions from their masters as they strove to create, preserve, and protect family and community.
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Makulilo, B., Eugene Ntaganda, Margaret Sekaggya, and Patrick Osodo. Election Management Bodies in East Africa. African Minds, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.47622/9781920677978.
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The management of elections is increasingly generating impassioned debate in these East African nations - Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda. The bodies that manage and conduct elections are, therefore, coming under intense citizen and stakeholder scrutiny for the manner in which they are composed, how they organise and perform their mandates, and the outcomes they achieve. The effectiveness of electoral management bodies (EMBs) has largely been influenced by the impact of political violence on election management reforms in East Africa. Even in countries where EMBs are the products of reforms initiated in the aftermath of violent disputes over elections, they still face enormous challenges in dealing with electoral disputes and anticipating election-related crises. Although changes to constitutions and the laws in these countries have sought to make EMBs independent and, therefore, more inclined to deliver free, fair and credible elections, there are many issues that determine their impartiality and their ability to allow for the aggregation and free expression of the will of the people. These shortcomings negatively impact on democracy. This volume assembles case studies on the capacity of EMBs in these five East African countries to deliver democratic and transparent elections.
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Hucks, Tracey E. Obeah, Orisa, and Religious Identity in Trinidad, Volume I, Obeah. Duke University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/9781478022145.
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Obeah, Orisa, and Religious Identity in Trinidad is an expansive two-volume examination of social imaginaries concerning Obeah and Yoruba-Orisa from colonialism to the present. Analyzing their entangled histories and systems of devotion, Tracey E. Hucks and Dianne M. Stewart articulate how these religions were criminalized during slavery and colonialism yet still demonstrated autonomous modes of expression and self-defense. In Volume I, Obeah, Hucks traces the history of African religious repression in colonial Trinidad through the late nineteenth century. Drawing on sources ranging from colonial records, laws, and legal transcripts to travel diaries, literary fiction, and written correspondence, she documents the persecution and violent penalization of African religious practices encoded under the legal classification of “obeah.” A cult of antiblack fixation emerged as white settlers defined themselves in opposition to Obeah, which they imagined as terrifying African witchcraft. These preoccupations revealed the fears that bound whites to one another. At the same time, persons accused of obeah sought legal vindication and marshaled their own spiritual and medicinal technologies to fortify the cultural heritages, religious identities, and life systems of African-diasporic communities in Trinidad.
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Zola, Émile. La Bête humaine. Translated by Roger Pearson. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199538669.001.0001.
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Did possessing and killing amount to the same thing deep within the dark recesses of the human beast? La Bete humaine (1890), is one of Zola’s most violent and explicit works. On one level a tale of murder, passion and possession, it is also a compassionate study of individuals derailed by atavistic forces beyond their control. Zola considered this his ‘most finely worked’ novel, and in it he powerfully evokes life at the end of the Second Empire in France, where society seemed to be hurtling into the future like the new locomotives and railways it was building. While expressing the hope that human nature evolves through education and gradually frees itself of the burden of inherited evil, he is constantly reminding us that under the veneer of technological progress there remains, always, the beast within. This new translation captures Zola's fast-paced yet deliberately dispassionate style, while the introduction and detailed notes place the novel in its social, historical, and literary context.
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Smith, Benjamin T. Mexican Press and Civil Society, 1940-1976. University of North Carolina Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469638089.001.0001.
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Mexico today is one of the most dangerous places in the world to report the news, and Mexicans have taken to the street to defend freedom of expression. As Benjamin T. Smith demonstrates in this history of the press and civil society, the cycle of violent repression and protest over journalism is nothing new. He traces it back to the growth in newspaper production and reading publics between 1940 and 1976, when a national thirst for tabloids, crime sheets, and magazines reached far beyond the middle class. As Mexicans began to view local and national events through the prism of journalism, everyday politics changed radically. Even while lauding the liberty of the press, the state developed an arsenal of methods to control what was printed, including sophisticated spin and misdirection techniques, covert financial payments, and campaigns of threats, imprisonment, beatings, and even murder. The press was also pressured by media monopolists tacking between government demands and public expectations to maximize profits, and by coalitions of ordinary citizens demanding that local newspapers publicize stories of corruption, incompetence, and state violence. Since the Cold War, both in Mexico City and in the provinces, a robust radical journalism has posed challenges to government forces.
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Fitzpatrick, Matthew P. The Kaiser and the Colonies. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192897039.001.0001.
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Many have viewed Kaiser Wilhelm II as having personally ruled Germany, dominating its politics and choreographing its ambitious leap to global power. But how accurate is this picture? As this book shows, Wilhelm II was a constitutional monarch like many other crowned heads of Europe. Rather than an expression of Wilhelm II’s personal rule, Germany’s global empire and its Weltpolitik had their origins in the political and economic changes undergone by the nation as German commerce and industry strained to globalize alongside other European nations. More central to Germany’s imperial processes than an emperor who reigned but did not rule were the numerous monarchs around the world with whom the German Empire came into contact. In Africa, Asia and the Pacific, kings, sultans, and other paramount leaders both resisted and accommodated Germany’s ambitions as they charted their own course through the era of European imperialism. The result was often violent suppression, but also complex diplomatic negotiation, attempts at manipulation, and even mutual cooperation. In vivid detail drawn from archival holdings, this book examines the surprisingly muted role played by Wilhelm II in the German Empire and contrasts it with the lively, varied, and innovative responses to German imperialism from monarchs around the world.
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Carayon, Céline. Eloquence Embodied. University of North Carolina Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469652627.001.0001.
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Taking a fresh look at the first two centuries of French colonialism in the Americas, this book answers the long-standing question of how and how well Indigenous Americans and Europeans communicated with each other during colonial encounters. French explorers and colonists in the sixteenth century noticed that Indigenous peoples from Brazil to Canada used signs to communicate. The newcomers, in response, quickly embraced the nonverbal as a means to overcome cultural and language barriers throughout French America. Céline Carayon's close examination of French accounts, combined with her multidisciplinary methodology, enables her to recover these sophisticated Native practices of embodied expression. In a colonial world where communication and trust were essential but complicated by the multiplicity of Indigenous languages, intimate and sensory communications ensured that colonists and Indigenous peoples understood each other well. Understanding, in turn, bred both genuine personal bonds and violent antagonisms. Nonverbal communication shaped Indigenous resistance to colonial pressures across the Americas just as it fueled the French imperial imagination and strategies. Challenging the notion of colonial America as a site of misunderstandings and insurmountable cultural clashes, Carayon shows that Natives and newcomers used nonverbal means to build relationships before the rise of linguistic fluency--and, crucially, well afterward.
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Aldama, Frederick Luis, ed. Graphic Indigeneity. University Press of Mississippi, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496828019.001.0001.
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Graphic Indigeneity: Comics in the Americas and Australasia brings together scholarship that interrogates mainstream comic book traditions that have negatively stereotyped as well as positively complicated Indigenous identities and experiences of terra America and Australasia. It also includes scholarship that analyzes how Indigenous comic book creators are themselves clearing new visual-verbal narrative spaces for articulating complex histories, cultures, experiences, and identities. Here, the volume also seeks to shed light on how the violent wounds of colonial and imperial domination across the globe connect Indigenous comic books creators in their expressions of survival, resistance, and affirmation. Comics analyzed include, but are not limited to, the following: The Phantom, Uncanny X-Men, Comanche Moon, Captain Canuck, Alpha Flight, Fighting Indians of the West, Footrot Flats, Ngarimu Te Tohu Toa, Turey el Taíno, La Borinqueña, Manuel Antonio Ay, Zotz, Will I See?, Super Indian, Deer Woman, Moonshot, Trickster: Native American Tales, Pablo’s Inferno, Supercholo, La Chola Power, Turbochaski, and Supay. This volume reminds the world of the ways pop culture has violently misrepresented Native and Indigenous peoples. It reminds the world of the significant presence of Native and Indigenous artists in creating counter-narratives that powerfully shape global histories and cultures.
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DeConick, April D. The Gnostic New Age. Columbia University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7312/columbia/9780231170765.001.0001.
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Gnosticism is a countercultural spirituality that forever changed the practice of Christianity. Before it emerged in the second century, passage to the afterlife required obedience to God and king. Gnosticism proposed that human beings were manifestations of the divine, unsettling the hierarchical foundations of the ancient world. Subversive and revolutionary, Gnostics taught that prayer and mediation could bring human beings into an ecstatic spiritual union with a transcendent deity. This mystical strain affected not just Christianity but many other religions, and it characterizes our understanding of the purpose and meaning of religion today. In The Gnostic New Age, April D. DeConick recovers this vibrant underground history to prove that Gnosticism was not suppressed or defeated by the Catholic Church long ago, nor was the movement a fabrication to justify the violent repression of alternative forms of Christianity. Gnosticism alleviated human suffering, soothing feelings of existential brokenness and alienation through the promise of renewal as God. DeConick begins in ancient Egypt and follows with the rise of Gnosticism in the Middle Ages, the advent of theosophy and other occult movements in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, and contemporary New Age spiritual philosophies. As these theories find expression in science-fiction and fantasy films, DeConick sees evidence of Gnosticism’s next incarnation. Her work emphasizes the universal, countercultural appeal of a movement that embodies much more than a simple challenge to religious authority.
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Patten, Eve. Ireland, Revolution, and the English Modernist Imagination. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198869160.001.0001.
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Abstract This book asks how English authors of the early to mid-twentieth century responded to the nationalist revolution in neighbouring Ireland in their work and explores this response as an expression of anxieties about, and aspirations within, England itself. Drawing predominantly on novels of this period, but also on letters, travelogues, literary criticism, and memoir, it illustrates how Irish affairs provided a marginal but pervasive point of reference for a wide range of canonical authors in England, including Wyndham Lewis, Virginia Woolf, D.H. Lawrence, Graham Greene, and Evelyn Waugh, and for lesser-known figures such as Ethel Mannin, George Thomson, and T.H. White. The book surveys these and other incidental writers within the broad framework of literary modernism, an arc seen to run in temporal parallel to Ireland’s revolutionary trajectory from rebellion to independence. In this context, it addresses two distinct aspects of the Irish-English relationship as it features in the literature of the time: first, the uneasy recognition of a fundamental similarity between the two countries in terms of their potential for violent revolutionary instability, and second, the proleptic engagement of Irish events to prefigure, imaginatively, the potential course of England’s evolution from the Armistice to the Second World War. Tracing these effects, this book offers a topical renegotiation of the connections between Irish and English literary culture, nationalism, and political ideology, together with a new perspective on the Irish sources engaged by English literary modernism.
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Collares, Marco Antônio. Civilização Barbárie em Conan, de Robert Howard - Vol. II. Brazil Publising, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31012/978-65-5861-563-7.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The book discusses the representations of civilization and barbarism considering the narratives of Conan Cycles by Robert Ervin Howard. The adventures of the character Conan the Barbarian were produced between 1932 and 1936. There are twenty-one literary and fictional texts that are part of a specific genre called “Sword and Witchcraft”. Such literary genre approaches fabulous worlds cha racterized by the presence of the superna tural, where fantastic characters venture into action and fantasy plots. Conan’s adventures were published in the so-cal led pulp magazines (or pulp fictions), low-quality graphic magazines — usually processed from paper pulp — that were very popular in the US between the 1920s and 1950s. Despite Howard placed his great famous character in the “Sword and Witchcraft” genre, he drew philosophical aspects in his plots, insofar as the central theme of these narratives is linked to the opposition between civilization and barbarism. Conan usually represents a violent, bloodthirsty, and crude human conduct, but honest and honorable in the face of the corrupt and greedy actions of civilized men, so an expression of barbarism would be somewhat necessary in his creator eyes, especially in the face of a Civilizational crisis. In addition, Conan and other characters have traces of the so-called western frontier men: the men who would represent the Ame rican trailblazers, so much worshiped by the creator of the character, largely because their rusticities were considered to be the basis for the formation of the country. Howard, a Texan native, was very concerned about the historical context of the economic and social crisis of the twentieth century, and more specifically, the Great Depression of the 1930s. Conan, therefore, expresses some aspects of a more rustic and truthful conduct, closer to the idealized manners of the men who made the West and the US, meaning that the narratives of the Conan Cycles are part of so-called fron tier literature. This is not just a study of civilization and barbarism, but it is also about the conception of the US border in Robert Howard’s own historical context
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Maheshwari, Malvika. Art Attacks. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199488841.001.0001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Since the end of the 1980s in India, self-styled representatives of a variety of ascriptive groups (religious, caste, regional, and linguistic among others) have come to routinely damage artwork, disrupt their exhibition, and threaten and assault artists and their supporters. Often, these acts are said to be a protest against the allegedly ‘hurtful’ or ‘offensive’ artworks. They are even claimed to be a prescient call to save the identity of the community, in a manner that makes the communal identities hinge entirely on that artistic (mis)representation. Yet, at the time of these attacks, many who indulge in this kind of violence have seldom heard of the artist before or even seen, read, watched, let alone engaged with the artwork. Such is the wrench on the right to freedom of speech and expression in general, and on the physical safety and security of artists in particular, that has inspired fear, anger, and discomfort within the art world, marked by ominous declarations of a ‘cultural emergency’ owing to the loss of lives and property, and without the due processes of law—a consequence that was hardly synonymous with art practice in India, at least until a few decades ago. This book tells the story of violence against artists in India, marked by the intensifying sense of insecurity, fear, frustration, and anger within the art world. But to bring out its complexities—to build an analytical account for understanding what such destructive and even competitive attacks on artists convey about India’s liberal democracy, given that violence in its many avatars has not so much been an aberration to the form of India’s liberal democracy as much as its very condition—the book attempts to map the concrete political transformations that have informed its dynamic unfolding. In other words, as opposed to simply adding to the prevalent commentaries on violent regulation of free speech in India, this work focusses on the dynamics of violence in that regulation. Based on extensive interactions with assailants and artists, I argue that these attacks are not simply ‘anti-democratic’. But are dependent in perverse ways on the very logics of democracy’s functioning, as much they are contained by it, along with the wider material conditions that have prevented both free speech in India, and India at large, from being immutably locked in a downward spiral.