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Статті в журналах з теми "Veterinary diagnostics"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 9 лютого 2024

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1

Feilotter, Harriet E. "Microarrays in veterinary diagnostics." Animal Health Research Reviews 5, no. 2 (December 2004): 249–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/ahr200478.

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AbstractMicroarrays have numerous applications in the clinical setting, and these uses are not confined to the study of common human diseases. Indeed, the high-throughput technology affects clinical diagnostics in a variety of contexts, and this is reflected in the increasing use of microarray-based tools in the development of diagnostic and prognostic tests and in the identification of novel therapeutic targets. While much of the value of microarray-based experimentation has been derived from the study of human disease, there is equivalent potential for its role in veterinary medicine. Even though the resources devoted to the study of animal molecular diagnostics may be less than those available for human research, there is nonetheless a growing appreciation of the value of genome-wide information as it applies to animal disease. Therefore, this review focuses on the basics of microarray experimentation, and how this technology lends itself to a variety of diagnostic approaches in veterinary medicine.

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2

Dahlhausen, Bob. "Future Veterinary Diagnostics." Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine 19, no. 2 (April 2010): 117–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.jepm.2010.05.006.

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3

Wang, Leyi. "Diagnostics for Viral Pathogens in Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratories." Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice 39, no. 1 (March 2023): 129–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2022.09.002.

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4

Astrup, Lærke Boye, Karl Pedersen, and Michael Farre. "Microbiological Diagnoses on Clinical Mastitis—Comparison between Diagnoses Made in Veterinary Clinics versus in Laboratory Applying MALDI-TOF MS." Antibiotics 11, no. 2 (February 19, 2022): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11020271.

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The present study compares the diagnoses on clinical bovine mastitis made in veterinary clinics using conventional diagnostic methods with diagnoses on the same samples made by a veterinary reference laboratory using MALDI-TOF MS as diagnostics. The study enables targeted and evidence-based consulting on prudent mastitis diagnostics and related antibiotic usage. In total, 492 samples from clinical mastitis were included. When applying MALDI-TOF MS as gold standard, only 90 out of 492 diagnoses made in veterinary clinics, equal to 18%, were correct. Four main findings were important: (1) the veterinary clinics overlooked contamination in mastitis samples; (2) the veterinary clinics only assigned 2 fully correct diagnoses out of 119 samples with mixed growth cultures; (3) the veterinary clinics made close to half of their diagnoses on pure culture erroneously; (4) the veterinary clinics applied a limited number of the relevant pathogen identifications on pure culture samples. Altogether, the present study shows that a large part of Danish clinical mastitis cases are misdiagnosed. Lack of correct diagnoses and diagnostic quality control may lead to the choice of wrong treatment and thus hamper prudent use of antibiotics. Hence, the present study warns a risk of overuse of antibiotics in Denmark. Consequently, the present study calls for training of veterinary clinics in diagnostics of mastitis pathogens and national guidelines on quality assurance of mastitis diagnostics.

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5

Djurisic, Slavko, Sava Lazic, Tamas Petrovic, Sara Savic-Jevdjenic, and Diana Lupulovic. "Immunoenzyme: Elisa diagnostics in veterinary medicine." Veterinarski glasnik 57, no. 1-2 (2003): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vetgl0302063d.

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The ELISA technique is one of the most commonly used laboratory-diagnostical methods for diagnosing many infective diseases in humans and animals today. Due to its high specificity and sensitivity this technique is considered a method of choice in diagnosing many viral diseases. The phases and components of the ELISA technique are constantly improved because of its mass use, as well as the high demands of laboratory diagnostics. Therefore it is necessary to continually inform the expert public of all the innovations, forms and possibilities of the ELISA technique. This paper describes the factors that caused the genesis of the ELISA technique and shows its forms. The methodological and practical aspects of the ELISA technique, when applied in laboratory diagnostics of veterinary medicine are also presented.

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6

Bollo, E. "Nanotechnologies Applied to Veterinary Diagnostics." Veterinary Research Communications 31, S1 (July 16, 2007): 145–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11259-007-0080-x.

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7

S.N., Rakesh Babu, Gururaj S. Kulkarni, Yuktha HJ, and Padma M. Paarakh. "Veterinary Dosage Forms." International Journal of Agriculture and Animal Production, no. 32 (February 2, 2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.55529/ijaap.32.1.9.

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In the field of science known as veterinary medicine, non-human animals such as cattle, working animals, and domestic animals are treated using medical, surgical, public health, dental, diagnostic, and therapeutic concepts. The development of veterinary dosage forms holds promise for the future of biotechnology, medication therapy, and diagnostics. Brief explanations of the classification of animals, the requirement for veterinary dosage forms, the flavorings used in animals, the various routes of administration, and the dosage form in animals are the main points of this overview. A brief discussion has been had on stability studies and control agencies from various nations that concentrate on the legal requirements for veterinary pharmaceuticals.

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8

Harris, N. Beth, and Raúl G. Barletta. "Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosisin Veterinary Medicine." Clinical Microbiology Reviews 14, no. 3 (July 1, 2001): 489–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cmr.14.3.489-512.2001.

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SUMMARY Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (basonym M. paratuberculosis) is the etiologic agent of a severe gastroenteritis in ruminants known as Johne's disease. Economic losses to the cattle industry in the United States are staggering, reaching $1.5 billion annually. A potential pathogenic role in humans in the etiology of Crohn's disease is under investigation. In this article, we review the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnostics, and disease control measures of this important veterinary pathogen. We emphasize molecular genetic aspects including the description of markers used for strain identification, diagnostics, and phylogenetic analysis. Recent important advances in the development of animal models and genetic systems to study M. paratuberculosis virulence determinants are also discussed. We conclude with proposals for the applications of these models and recombinant technology to the development of diagnostic, control, and therapeutic measures.

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9

Patil, Mayura, and Chandrakant Bhong. "Veterinary Diagnostics and DNA Microarray Technology." International Journal of Livestock Research 5, no. 4 (2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/ijlr.20150330032234.

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10

DiUlio, Maggie. "Veterinary Immunology and Serology: Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics." Laboratory Medicine 30, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/labmed/30.1.36.

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11

Paramasivam, Saravanan, and Satish Kumar. "Diagnostic and immunoprophylactic applications of synthetic peptides in veterinary microbiology." Microbiology Research 1, no. 1 (October 26, 2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/mr.2010.e1.

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Chemically synthesized peptides are considered as potential reagents for various applications in biological sciences. They mimic naturally occurring peptides or segments of proteins and have emerged as diagnostic reagents and safe immunogens in animal science. Carefully selected peptides resembling authentic epitopes serve as synthetic antigens in diagnostic tests. Synthetic peptide-based vaccines can elicit antibodies against animal pathogens. The early use of synthetic peptides as a vaccine for foot-and-mouth disease stimulated interest in the development of peptide-based diagnostics and immunoprophylactics. The development of a peptide vaccine for canine parvovirus confirmed the usefulness of peptides as immunoprophylactics. Recently, the advent of the technology for the development of multiple antigenic peptides (MAPs) has provided a well-defined method for the production of highly immunogenic peptides and anti-peptide antibodies. Antibodies raised against major epitopes can be used in the detection of the native antigen (virus) in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and other tests, vindicating the usefulness of peptides for safe, chemically defined, non-infectious diagnostics and immunoprophylactics. This article focuses on the methods for selecting and preparing peptides for the predicted epitopes, their characterization and use, and the application of MAPs.

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12

Pellett, Sarah, and Elisabetta Mancinelli. "Veterinary care of hamsters. Part 2: diagnostics, diseases." Companion Animal 22, no. 12 (December 2, 2017): 743–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/coan.2017.22.12.743.

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13

Pfeffer, M., M. Wiedmann, and C. A. Batt. "Applications of DNA amplification techniques in veterinary diagnostics." Veterinary Research Communications 19, no. 5 (September 1995): 375–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01839319.

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14

Hall, Anthony, and Isabell Riley. "Advanced equine diagnostics – developments in computed tomography." UK-Vet Equine 5, no. 6 (November 2, 2021): 254–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/ukve.2021.5.6.254.

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Advancement in veterinary imaging technologies to assess pathology in the horses has been greatly improved since the development of computed tomography in the 1970s. These technical innovations have enabled faster acquisition times, lower patient doses of radiation and easier care of the patient during scanning. A wide range of computed tomography scanners are now available to the veterinary market, from companies providing second hand refurbished scanners, to those tailoring computed tomography scanners to the veterinary market. In turn, this makes the price of purchase, or rental, much more feasible to the industry. The financial implications of purchasing a scanner need to be reviewed to ensure viability, as well as identifying maintenance costs, space, specialist staffing and case load. However, even with access to advanced imaging devices such as computed tomography, imaging the equine patient comes with its own complexities and limitations. Owing to their size and anatomy, passing the relevant structures through the gantry can be difficult in itself, often requiring the administration of general anaesthetic to acquire suitable images, which comes with its own set of risks and additional costs. Therefore, there is an ongoing need to further develop the skills and abilities needed for standing computed tomography.

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15

Bashir, Shahbaz, and Jan Paeshuyse. "Construction of Antibody Phage Libraries and Their Application in Veterinary Immunovirology." Antibodies 9, no. 2 (June 3, 2020): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antib9020021.

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Antibody phage display (APD) technology has revolutionized the field of immunovirology with its application in viral disease diagnostics and antiviral therapy. This robust and versatile technology allows the expression of an antibody fused to a phage coat protein on the surface of a filamentous phage. The DNA sequence coding for the antibody is packaged within the phage, linking the phenotype to genotype. Antibody phage display inherits the ability to rapidly generate and modify or improve high-affinity monoclonal antibodies, rendering it indispensable in immunology. In the last two decades, phage-display-derived antibodies have been extensively used in human medicine as diagnostic and therapeutic modalities. Recently, they are also gaining significant ground in veterinary medicine. Even though these advancements are mainly biased towards economically important animals such as chicken, cattle, and pigs, they are laying the foundation of fulfilling the unmet needs of veterinary medicine as antibody-based biologics in viral diagnostics, therapeutics, and immunoprophylaxis. This review provides a brief overview of the construction of antibody phage libraries and their application in diagnosis, prevention, and control of infectious viral diseases in veterinary medicine in detail.

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16

Bouhali, Othmane, Halima Bensmail, Ali Sheharyar, Florent David, and Jessica P. Johnson. "A Review of Radiomics and Artificial Intelligence and Their Application in Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging." Veterinary Sciences 9, no. 11 (November 8, 2022): 620. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci9110620.

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Great advances have been made in human health care in the application of radiomics and artificial intelligence (AI) in a variety of areas, ranging from hospital management and virtual assistants to remote patient monitoring and medical diagnostics and imaging. To improve accuracy and reproducibility, there has been a recent move to integrate radiomics and AI as tools to assist clinical decision making and to incorporate it into routine clinical workflows and diagnosis. Although lagging behind human medicine, the use of radiomics and AI in veterinary diagnostic imaging is becoming more frequent with an increasing number of reported applications. The goal of this paper is to provide an overview of current radiomic and AI applications in veterinary diagnostic imaging.

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17

Kalishyan, M. S. "BIOLOGICAL MARKERS IN MODERN VETERINARY PRACTICE." VETERINARY PATHOLOGY, no. 4 (February 26, 2023): 40–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/1682-5616-2022-4-40-48.

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The success of therapeutic measures depends on the availability of the modern methods of diagnostics to practitioners, understanding by them the advantages and existing limitations of each method. Biological markers (BMs) are widely used in scientific and practical medicine as a method for diagnosing the presence or absence of disease, the response to treatment, the reaction of organism to an intervention or therapeutic manipulation, for the disease progress prognosis. BMs provide a unique opportunity for early minimally invasive diagnostics in oncology, nephrology, endocrinology and other specialities. In spite of certain progress much less biological markers are used in veterinary medicine compared to human medicine. Some BMs are not relevant for veterinary medicine others are not studied enough. It may take a very long time from the moment of discovering a molecule potentially significant as a BM to its implementation into practice, or this may never happen at all. This work is aimed at reviewing the available data on the BMs most widely used in veterinary medicine. In the review the data referring to the principles of finding new BMs, the stages of validation, as well as the factors hindering wide implementation of BMs into clinical laboratory diagnostics was systemised. The information about the BMs currently used in the various fields of clinical practice and the BMs panels, was presented. 46 foreign and domestic veterinary and biomedical publications for the last 10 years were analysed.

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18

BELAK, S., O. E. KARLSSON, M. LEIJON, and F. GRANBERG. "High-throughput sequencing in veterinary infection biology and diagnostics." Revue Scientifique et Technique de l'OIE 32, no. 2 (January 1, 2013): 893–915. http://dx.doi.org/10.20506/rst.32.2.2206.

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19

Ranjan, Koushlesh, Prasad Minakshi, and Gaya Prasad. "Application of Molecular and Serological Diagnostics in Veterinary Parasitology." Journal of Advances in Parasitology 2, no. 4 (January 16, 2016): 80–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.14737/journal.jap/2015/2.4.80.99.

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20

Gupta, Rohita, and Varsha Sharma. "Applications of Nanoparticles in Veterinary Diagnostics, Therapeutics and Research." Journal of Immunology and Immunopathology 18, no. 1 (2016): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0973-9149.2016.00002.2.

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21

Balamurugan, Vinayagamurthy, Gnanavel Venkatesan, Arnab Sen, Lakshmanan Annamalai, Veerakyathappa Bhanuprakash, and Raj Kumar Singh. "Recombinant protein-based viral disease diagnostics in veterinary medicine." Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics 10, no. 6 (September 2010): 731–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/erm.10.61.

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22

Garcia, Kathryn, Mina Weakley, Tram Do, and Sheema Mir. "Current and Future Molecular Diagnostics of Tick-Borne Diseases in Cattle." Veterinary Sciences 9, no. 5 (May 21, 2022): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci9050241.

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Ticks and tick-borne diseases such as babesiosis, anaplasmosis, ehrlichiosis, Lyme disease, Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever, and Rocky Mountain spotted fever pose a significant threat to animal and human health. Tick-borne diseases cause billions of dollars of losses to livestock farmers annually. These losses are partially attributed to the lack of sensitive, robust, cost effective and efficient diagnostic approaches that could detect the infectious pathogen at the early stages of illness. The modern nucleic acid-based multiplex diagnostic approaches have been developed in human medicine but are still absent in veterinary medicine. These powerful assays can screen 384 patient samples at one time, simultaneously detect numerous infectious pathogens in each test sample and provide the diagnostic answer in a few hours. Development, commercialization, and wide use of such high throughput multiplex molecular assays in the cattle tick-borne disease surveillance will help in early detection and control of infectious pathogens in the animal reservoir before community spread and spillover to humans. Such approaches in veterinary medicine will save animal life, prevent billions of dollars of economic loss to cattle herders and reduce unwanted stress to both human and animal health care systems. This literature review provides recent updates on molecular diagnostics of tick-borne pathogens and discusses the importance of modern nucleic acid high throughput multiplex diagnostic approaches in the prevention of tick-borne infection to livestock.

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23

Hadzi-Milic, Milan. "Diagnostics of anterior eye segment in cats and dogs." Veterinarski glasnik 60, no. 5-6 (2006): 407–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vetgl0606407h.

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Diagnostics of the anterior segment of the eye present the most frequent diagnostics implemented in ophthalmology and by most veterinary practicians as well. This paper presents the complete diagnostics in the most concise form possible. The procedure with animals is presented first, followed by the equipment, and then anamnesis. The following diagnostic methods are presented: examination in a lighted room which include an examination from a distance, taking a smear, the Schirmer tear test (STT), an examination from close by, examination in a dark room which comprises the elementary examinations, such as the use of focal lighting and examination using a direct ophthalmoscope, and special examination in a dark room, such as biomicroscopy, gonioscopy and keratoscopy. Additional examination methods are also included.

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24

PRASSINOS (N.N. ΠΡΑΣΙΝΟΣ), N. N., and K. I. SIDERI (K.I. ΣΙΔΕΡΗ). "Arthrocentesis in companion animal medicine." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 56, no. 1 (November 29, 2017): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.15070.

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Arthrocentesis, especially for synovial fluid collection and analysis, is an integral part of any diagnostic joint evaluation in companion animal medicine. Although it is a simple, quick and inexpensive technique, which also requires little in the way of expertise or special equipment, it is a much under-employed procedure in veterinary diagnostics and/or therapeutics. Knowledge of joint anatomy, aseptic conditions and strict adherence to principles of the technique are essential for an uncomplicated arthrocentesis.

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25

Sprague, Wendy S., and M. Judith Radin. "Introducing the Veterinary Clinical Pathology special issue on gastrointestinal diagnostics in veterinary medicine." Veterinary Clinical Pathology 50, S1 (February 2022): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vcp.13118.

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26

Bora, Mousumi, Manu M, Dayamon D. Mathew, Himasri Das, Durlav Prasad Bora, and Nagendra Nath Barman. "Point of care diagnostics and non-invasive sampling strategy: a review on major advances in veterinary diagnostics." Acta Veterinaria Brno 91, no. 1 (2022): 17–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb202291010017.

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The use of point of care diagnostics (POCD) in animal diseases has steadily increased over the years since its introduction. Its potential application to diagnose infectious diseases in remote and resource limited settings have made it an ideal diagnostic in animal disease diagnosis and surveillance. The rapid increase in incidence of emerging infectious diseases requires urgent attention where POCD could be indispensable tools for immediate detection and early warning of a potential pathogen. The advantages of being rapid, easily affordable and the ability to diagnose an infectious disease on spot has driven an intense effort to refine and build on the existing technologies to generate advanced POCD with incremental improvements in analytical performance to diagnose a broad spectrum of animal diseases. The rural communities in developing countries are invariably affected by the burden of infectious animal diseases due to limited access to diagnostics and animal health personnel. Besides, the alarming trend of emerging and transboundary diseases with pathogen spill-overs at livestock-wildlife interfaces has been identified as a threat to the domestic population and wildlife conservation. Under such circumstances, POCD coupled with non-invasive sampling techniques could be successfully deployed at field level without the use of sophisticated laboratory infrastructures. This review illustrates the current and prospective POCD for existing and emerging animal diseases, the status of non-invasive sampling strategies for animal diseases, and the tremendous potential of POCD to uplift the status of global animal health care.

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27

Krstic, Nikola, Mirjana Lazarevic-Macanovic, Branislava Mitrovic, and Marko Mitrovic. "X-ray diagnostics of most common periodontal diseases in dogs and cats." Veterinarski glasnik 69, no. 1-2 (2015): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vetgl1502101k.

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Dental diseases in dogs and cats are of increasing importance in veterinary practice. If not diagnosed and treated on time, they can significantly affect the quality of life and pet health as well. Roentgenography of orofacial system, as a part of veterinary dentistry, is an important diagnostic tool that provides insight into diseases and irregularities of the teeth, shows macrostructure of bone parts, and also may indicate the etiology and genesis of various pathological conditions of the teeth. The objective of this paper is to point out to most common pathologies which small animal veterinary dentistry daily meets, as well as to foster the systematic development in this area in order to find more quality to both diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.

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28

Prickett, John R., and Jeffrey J. Zimmerman. "The development of oral fluid-based diagnostics and applications in veterinary medicine." Animal Health Research Reviews 11, no. 2 (March 5, 2010): 207–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1466252310000010.

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AbstractThe purpose of this review was to discuss the history of the development and implementation of oral fluid diagnostics for infectious diseases of humans and domestic animals. The use of oral fluid for the assessment of health and diagnosis of disease in humans and animals has a surprisingly long history. As early as 1909, Pollaci and Ceraulo reported sensitive and specific agglutination of ‘Micrococcus melitensis’ (Brucella melitensis) by oral fluid from patients diagnosed with Malta Fever. A 1986 report of the detection of antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in oral fluid from patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) marked the start of a remarkably rapid series of developments in oral fluid-based assays. Cumulatively, the literature strongly supports implementation of oral fluid-based diagnostics in veterinary diagnostic medicine. Pathogen-specific IgA, IgM and IgG antibodies have all been demonstrated in oral fluid collected from diverse domestic animal species in response to infection. A variety of infectious agents, both local and systemic, are shed in oral fluid, including some of the most economically significant pathogens of production animals (e.g. foot-and-mouth disease virus, classical swine fever virus and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus) Ultimately, point-of-care rapid assays (i.e. cow-side, sow-side or pen-side tests) and access to real-time infectious disease data will revolutionize our delivery of health management services.

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29

PORYVAEVA, A., O. Petrova, Elena Pechura, Natalia Bezborodova, and Ya LYSOVA. "Significance of complex laboratory diagnostics of ARVI for veterinary practice." Agrarian Bulletin of the 196, no. 5 (May 27, 2020): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2020-196-5-59-67.

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Abstract. This article summarizes the results of laboratory studies of acute respiratory viral infections of cattle in agricultural enterprises of the Ural Federal district and the Udmurt Republic. The purpose of the research was to show the spread of respiratory viral infections in cattle in various regions and the significance of laboratory diagnostics in this pathology. According to research data 815 samples for the period 2018–2020 a variety of combinations of mixed respiratory viruses in animals was detected using biomaterials from different age patients and patients with respiratory diseases of cattle from agricultural enterprises of the Ural Federal district, the Volga Federal District and the Udmurt Republic using polymerase chain reaction, indirect hemagglutination reaction, hemagglutination inhibition reaction, Elisa , and enzyme immunoassay. Scientific novelty. The etiological structure of mixed acute respiratory viral infections in cattle in agricultural enterprises in four regions of the Ural Federal District, the Volga Federal District and the Udmurt Republic in 2018–2020 was studied using modern diagnostic technologies. Results. In the Ural Federal District, the Volga Federal district and the Udmurt Republic, 80 % of cases of acute respiratory diseases were caused by bovine viral infections, mainly representatives of 2 families of viruses whose genome is represented by an RNA molecule (paramixoviruses, togaviruses) and a family of viruses whose genome is represented by a DNA molecule (herpesviruses,). The leading place among acute respiratory infections was occupied by infectious rhinotracheitis of cattle.

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30

Bonkobara, Makoto. "Recent developments in veterinary diagnostics: Current status and future potential." Veterinary Journal 215 (September 2016): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2016.08.010.

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31

Alnabulsi, Ayham, Steve Bird, Chris Secombes, and Tiehui Wang. "A new approach to diagnostics and therapeutics in veterinary medicine." Developmental & Comparative Immunology 148 (November 2023): 104923. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dci.2023.104923.

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32

Krstic, Vanja. "Endoscopic and ultrasound diagnostics as contemporary method in diagnostics of dog stomach diseases." Veterinarski glasnik 59, no. 1-2 (2005): 141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vetgl0502141k.

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The visualization of pathological processes in the dog stomach determines a correct diagnosis or differential diagnosis, which presents the basic prerequisite for rational therapy. In addition to the conventional type of clinical examination which covers the taking of anamnestic data, observation of the patient and laboratory tests, there are also certain computerized diagnostic methods (magnetic resonance and scanner) which are the most precise and most reliable in the verification of stomach diseases. However, the listed approaches are either insufficiently relevant in making the diagnosis or are too expensive and demanding for the everyday clinical practice. These are the reasons why veterinary medicine today increasingly resorts to the use of other forms of imaging diagnostics, and, as its representatives, the video endoscopic, ultrasound and X-ray examination of the digestive tract.

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33

Willard, M. D. "Editorial: Diarrhea, Diet, and Diagnostics." Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 15, no. 1 (January 2001): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2001.tb02290.x.

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34

Summerfield, Nuala. "Simplifying mitral valve disease diagnostics." In Practice 40, S1 (March 2018): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/inp.k912.

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Klaassen, Jim. "Giving your heart to pathology." Veterinary Record 177, no. 15 (October 16, 2015): i—ii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.h5443.

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Jim KIaassen recently joined Axiom Veterinary Laboratories as a clinical pathologist. During his career, Dr Klaassen has worked in small animal practice, lectured in clinical pathology, undertaken preclinical research and held senior roles in commercial veterinary laboratories in the USA, including as chief medical officer of Antech Diagnostics

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36

Fennell, Charlotte. "Immune-mediated polyarthritis: the role of the veterinary nurse." Veterinary Nurse 14, no. 4 (May 2, 2023): 162–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/vetn.2023.14.4.162.

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Immune-mediated diseases can present in a number of ways because of multiple manifestations of the diseases, the species and the presence or absence of any underlying condition. This demonstrates the imperative nature of sound clinical history taking alongside a comprehensive physical exam to allow the most appropriate diagnostic approach and subsequent treatment. The registered veterinary nurse should understand the most commonly presenting immune-mediated diseases in order to provide appropriate nursing care for that patient during their hospitalisation and following discharge. Registered veterinary nurses act as an advocate for patients and play a key role in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with any immune-mediated disease. This review discusses the pathophysiology of immune-mediated polyarthritis and classifications including clinical presentation. It has a focus on the initial patient diagnostics, arthrocentesis and how nurses can be heavily involved with these patients all the way through from admission to discharge.

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37

Rosenfield, Derek A., Marcilio Nichi, and Cristiane Schilbach Pizzutto. "C-Peptides for diagnostics and therapy: a veterinary medicine point of view." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 37, no. 1 (January 2017): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-736x2017000100006.

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ABSTRACT: Empirical studies proved that C-peptides are performing numerous intrinsic biological roles, and serve as a marker for pancreatic performance analysis. Since the last decade, C-peptide assays for differential diagnosis in veterinary diabetic patients are becoming more available, but still only for a very limited number of species. Studies on C-peptide as a diagnostic tool, therapy for associated complications, or as replacement therapies for C-peptide deficiency still showed not to be a common practice in veterinary medicine. This review was conducted to determine the potential importance of C-peptide in Veterinary Medicine, relevant in the diagnosis of diabetes and for other metabolic processes, as well as its proposed therapeutic benefits. Numerous articles were identified that reported positive results in their experimental studies, whether C-peptide as a biomarker for pancreatic performance in dogs, cats, and horses, as a non-invasive method to monitor nutritional status in primates, or to investigate its potential therapeutic benefits for diabetes-related illnesses.

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38

Bjustrom-Kraft, Jordan, Jane Christopher-Hennings, Russ Daly, Rodger Main, Jerry Torrison, Mary Thurn, and Jeffrey Zimmerman. "The use of oral fluid diagnostics in swine medicine." Journal of Swine Health and Production 26, no. 5 (September 1, 2018): 262–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.54846/jshap/1091.

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Swine veterinarians in North America have applied oral fluid-based testing methodologies for an increasing number of systemic, respiratory, and enteric disease diagnostic applications. Since the first report of oral fluid testing in 2008, nucleic acid and antibody assays have been described in the peer-reviewed literature for many pathogens affecting swine. As evidence of the US swine industry’s growing utility of oral fluids as a diagnostic tool, the cumulative number of swine oral fluid diagnostic tests conducted at three veterinary diagnostic laboratories in the upper Midwest (Iowa State University, South Dakota State University, and University of Minnesota) has increased from approximately 21,000 tests in 2010 to nearly 370,000 tests in 2016. The objective of this review is to describe the developments in oral fluid diagnostics that have led to its widespread use and to highlight areas of concern as this technology is increasingly implemented by producers and veterinarians.

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39

A. Balgimbayeva, G. Shabdarbaeva, L. Zhanteliyeva, A. Ibazhanova, Uğur Uslu, and D. Khussainov. "DIAGNOSTICS AND TREATMENT OF DIOCTOPHYMOSIS IN DOGS." BULLETIN 1, no. 383 (February 15, 2020): 64–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2020.2518-1467.8.

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This article includes materials on the rare disease in domestic and wild carnivores, dioctophimosis, caused by a helminth from the group of aphasmidia nematodes, Dioctophyme renale, which is parasitic in the kidneys, recently registered in veterinary clinics in Almaty. The disease has important social significance - a person is susceptible to it, the infection of which occurs when raw fish is eaten. In Almaty, according to the statistics of veterinary clinics in recent years (2018-2019), 17 cases of dioctophimosis in dogs have been registered, that is up to 0.3% of the number of dogs examined for helminthiases. The appearance of this disease, which is relatively new for our region, can have a significant impact on the epizootiological and epidemiological situation. The results of in vivo laboratory diagnosis of dioctophimosis in dogs by ovoscopic methods are presented, with the provision of microphotos of the parasite eggs; methods of instrumental diagnostics - ultrasound examination (ultrasound) of the kidneys with the provision of photos proving the presence of a parasite in the renal pelvis. Since the only treatment for dioctophimosis is surgery and extraction of dioctophyma from the affected organ (kidney), our own original materials are presented for a step by step surgical intervention to extract helminth from the kidneys of dogs and treat animals. The condition of the operated animals is satisfactory, the prognosis for surgery is favorable.

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Nabity, Mary B. "Traditional Renal Biomarkers and New Approaches to Diagnostics." Toxicologic Pathology 46, no. 8 (October 1, 2018): 999–1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192623318800709.

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Traditional biomarkers of renal disease have a number of limitations, whether evaluating veterinary patients or performing preclinical toxicity studies. Serum creatinine and urea nitrogen are affected by nonrenal influences that limit their usefulness for detecting small but significant decreases in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in veterinary patients. These nonrenal influences can be more controlled in preclinical studies than in clinical patients; however, because of its high functional reserve, these estimates of GFR are insensitive for detecting kidney injury prior to loss of a substantial proportion of functioning nephrons. Urine biomarkers can be highly sensitive for tubular or glomerular injury that might lead to irreversible damage to the nephron. Several proteins are qualified by the Food and Drug Administration for nonclinical application as urinary biomarkers of drug-induced nephrotoxicity, and many of these also have preliminary data supporting their usefulness for kidney injury in dogs and cats. In addition to these relatively recently identified biomarkers, efforts are underway to discover new renal biomarkers using a variety of techniques including liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry and small RNA sequencing. Ultimately, the interplay between preclinical studies and clinical patients in discovery and validation of renal biomarkers is critical to their successful implementation.

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41

Wernike, Kerstin, Paolo Bonilauri, Malte Dauber, Jane Errington, Neil LeBlanc, Sandra Revilla-Fernández, Charlotte Hjulsager, et al. "Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 24, no. 5 (July 17, 2012): 855–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1040638712452724.

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To compare the real-time reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assays used for the diagnosis of Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), a Europe-wide interlaboratory ring trial was conducted. A variety of PRRSV strains including North American (NA) and European (EU) genotype isolates were analyzed by the participants. Great differences regarding qualitative diagnostics as well as analytical sensitivity were observed between the individual RT-qPCR systems, especially when investigating strains from the EU genotype. None of the assays or commercial kits used in the ring trial could identify all different PRRSV strains with an optimal analytical and diagnostic sensitivity. The genetic variability of the PRRSV strains, which is supposed to hinder the diagnostic of the RT-PCR because of mutations at the primer binding sites, was also confirmed by sequencing and subsequent phylogenetic analysis. In summary, a major problem in PRRSV diagnostics by RT-qPCR is false-negative results. To achieve maximum safety in the molecular diagnosis of PRRSV, the combined usage of different assays or kits is highly recommended.

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Dzimira, S., and P. Przadka. "Cytological diagnostics of subcutaneous dirofilariasis imitating proliferative lesions in dogs." Veterinární Medicína 65, No. 12 (December 13, 2020): 537–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/88/2020-vetmed.

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Subcutaneous dirofilariasis is a disease in animals caused by invasions of nematodes, most often of the following species: Dirofilaria repens, D. tenuis, and D. striata transmitted by mosquitoes. Until recently, D. repens was endemic to the Mediterranean countries in Europe, but, in recent years, it has also been increasingly reported in Central and Eastern Europe. Cytological preparations collected by a fine-needle aspiration biopsy from nodular lesions located in the subcutis and skin of dogs were used to diagnose suspected proliferative lesions of a cancerous or inflammatory nature. The microscopic examination of the delivered cytological preparations revealed erythrocytes (very numerous), neutrophils and eosinophils (quite numerous), macrophages (single), and whole and/or damaged fragments of microfilariae of Dirofilaria sp. in various numbers. It should be noted that the described infection of Dirofilaria repens in Poland and other countries of this latitude will be an increasingly common pathology in dogs. Due to the mosquitoes transmitting the microfilariae, it is a zoonosis that is an increasingly frequent and a more serious threat to humans. In the differential diagnosis of various types of skin and subcutis lesions of unknown aetiology, dirofilariasis should be considered.

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KOZIEŁ, NINA, ELŻBIETA KUKIER, and KRZYSZTOF KWIATEK. "Clostridium perfringens – epidemiological importance and diagnostics." Medycyna Weterynaryjna 75, no. 01 (2019): 6161–2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21521/mw.6161.

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Clostridium perfringens is one of the most widespread anaerobic spore forming bacteria found in the environment. The toxotype A of the species inhabits the gastrointestinal tract of birds and mammals exhibiting pathogenic properties in the immunocompromised host. The virulence determinants of C. perfringens are toxins and extracellular enzymes which cause gas gangrene, enteritis necroticans, food poisoning, and non-food borne gastrointestinal infections in humans. The young animals suffer from enterotoxaemia, dysentery and necrotic enteritis due to the anaerobic spore forming bacilli. This article reviews the epidemiological significance of C. perfringens and its disease diagnostics, taking into account all known to date virulence determinants of the microorganism.

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44

Ford, Alexandra, Rachel Palinski, Brian Lubbers, Lisa Tokach, and A. Giselle Cino-Ozuna. "Placentitis and abortion in domestic pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus) associated with Trueperella abortisuis on US swine farms." Journal of Swine Health and Production 30, no. 2 (March 2, 2022): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.54846/jshap/1258.

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We document a case series of abortions and placentitis in domestic pigs from the Midwest United States where aerobic bacterial cultures consistently isolated Trueperella abortisuis. Cases were submitted between 2017-2020 to the Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Lab. Microscopically, there was suppurative placentitis with necrosis and intralesional, gram-positive coccobacilli. In all cases, molecular diagnostics were negative for major causes of abortion in pigs. This is the first known report of T abortisuis isolated from swine abortions or placentitis in the United States.

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45

Edis, Abigail, and Sarah Pellett. "Veterinary care of guinea pigs. Part 1: husbandry, stabilisation and diagnostics." Companion Animal 23, no. 11 (November 2, 2018): 649–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/coan.2018.23.11.649.

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46

Fenger, Clara K. "Limitations To Veterinary Applications of New Technologies in Treatment and Diagnostics." Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice 17, no. 2 (August 2001): 389–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0739(17)30069-x.

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47

Novosadyuk, Tatiana Vladimirovna. "Concept of classical homeopathy in veterinary medicine." International Journal of High Dilution Research - ISSN 1982-6206 11, no. 40 (December 21, 2021): 206–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.51910/ijhdr.v11i40.556.

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Attempts to use the principles of classical homeopathy in animal treatment encountered impossibility to select drugs according to the similarity principle due to lack of verbal contact. We suggested a new method of choosing homeopathic remedies according to the similarity principle based on the phenomenon of interdependent conditions in animals and their owners. The accumulated experience enabled us to confirm that this method is correct and productive, as well as the recommendations for diagnostics and treatment of different diseases in domestic animals.

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48

Poel, Wim H. M. van der. "Diagnostics for Schmallenberg virus." Veterinary Record 171, no. 12 (September 21, 2012): 294–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.e6278.

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Busin, Valentina. "Diagnostic testing in small ruminant medicine." Livestock 28, no. 4 (July 2, 2023): 180–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/live.2023.28.4.180.

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Diagnostic testing can be a challenging, although very rewarding component of veterinary medicine, which, if carried out with a systematic approach and taking into consideration both history taking/data collection and clinical examination, can enhance the clinician's ability to confidently reach a diagnosis, apply the appropriate changes and/or control measures and, in the end, provide cost-effective benefits to the overall health and management of small ruminants. Many diagnostics tests are available for small ruminants, and the difficulty is to know which are the most appropriate for the disease/condition in questions, taking into consideration economic factors, the performance of the test(s) and the sampling methodology. Finally, new technologies have arisen in the last few years, which will be of particular interest to overcome some of the challenges in small ruminant diagnostics.

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50

CERON, J. J., S. MARTINEZ-SUBIELA, F. TECLES, and M. CALDIN. "Acute phase proteins in diagnostics: more than expected." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 65, no. 3 (December 21, 2017): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.15535.

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The objective of this review is to provide updated information about how acute phase proteins (APPs) can be used in the process of diagnosis in veterinary medicine. For this purpose, recommendations about assay methodologies and basic principles regarding clinical application of APPs will be provided. In addition, the use of APPs for (1) the detection and quantification of inflammatory response, (2) the diagnosis of the underlying etiology and (3) the detection of selected non-inflammatory processes will be reviewed with practical examples.

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