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Статті в журналах з теми "Véhicules connectés – Gestion de l'information":
Apvrille, Ludovic, Tullio Tanzi, Yves Roudier, and Jean-Luc Dugelay. "Drone "humanitaire" : état de l'art et réflexions." Revue Française de Photogrammétrie et de Télédétection, no. 213 (April 26, 2017): 63–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.52638/rfpt.2017.201.
Дисертації з теми "Véhicules connectés – Gestion de l'information":
Boutahala, Ramzi. "Mécanismes de sécurisation des communications véhiculaires." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Reims, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023REIMS047.
In this thesis, we consider the problem of communication channel overload in the context of cooperative intelligent transport systems (C-ITS). We aim to improve the communication mechanism between vehicles and focus on the security part of communication, which is the most costly in terms of resources. In Europe and the USA, adapted communication protocols have been proposed to ensure communication and cooperation among all relevant actors (vehicles, road infrastructure, pedestrians, etc). These protocols enable vehicles to communicate with each other by exchanging specific messages. Each vehicle periodically sends application beacons denoted CAM (Cooperative Awareness Message). This CAM contains information about the vehicle status (speed, location, heading, etc). In order to guarantee the integrity and the authentication of the exchanged messages, signatures that are computed using various Pseudonym Certificates (PC) are included in all sent messages. We propose a different approach that enables vehicles to send CAMs, without having to send security information, with each transmission, as required by current standards. Instead of exhaustive authentication, our approach enables vehicles to reduce data security and build trust by creating trusted environments. This reduces the need for frequent exchanges of signed CAMs and eliminates the need for an extensive verification and signature process, effectively conserving bandwidth. In addition, we propose a trust verification process that checks this trust to avoid malicious activities. Our strategy incorporates a two-fold mechanism: an extrapolation method that sets thresholds for the detection of inconsistent behavior, followed by an unsupervised deep learning model trained on calibrated data, consistently evaluating variations in neighbor behavior. The effectiveness of our approach is supported using traffic data from the A4 Reims-Paris highway in France, with simulations performed in OMNeT++, SUMO and Artery environments. The performance of all considered methods was comparatively assessed under identical testing conditions
Idrissi, Hassani Azami Hamza. "Commande Prédictive optimale temps-réel, appliquée au contrôle de véhicules automobiles hybrides connectés à leurs environnements." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018INPT0105.
The automotive sector has been one of the most CO2 emitting sectors over the past century. The solution considered, to limit vehicle emissions, is the electrification of the power train. The hybrid electric vehicle offers the best compromise to meet the ecological challenges of the automotive industry. The hybrid electric powertrain consists of two engines: an internal combustion engine, powered by fuel, and an electric motor powered by a battery. These two motors must ensure the driver's power demand. The energy is distributed between the two engines in real time in order to minimize fuel consumption. This thesis proposes the study of an optimization-based method to find the most efficient combination of the two engines. The proposed methodology seeks to reconcile the search for a mathematical optimum with the constraints of the real-time implementation, using the theory of optimal control, and the Pontryagin Maximum Principle. The search for a mathematical optimum presupposes the knowledge of a prediction on the driver's future power demands. These predictions can be formed through the vehicle's connectivity (intelligent GPS e-Horizon for example). First, the method is studied with the hypothesis of a completely reliable prediction. Through simulation comparisons, we have found that the proposed method can achieve the global optimum provided by a dynamic programming algorithm. By formulating the optimization problem with different simplifying assumptions on the battery model, it appears that the use of a constant voltage model does not alter the optimality of the solution, if the battery's energy capacity is high enough. The use of this simplified model may help to speed up calculations, especially when it is necessary to consider the uncertainties of predictions. Moreover, under the assumption of reliable predictions, the method shows robustness to the inaccuracies of the model used. To take into account the uncertainty of the power demands prediction, random variables are introduced in the model. Using the Pontryagin Maximum Principle theorem, the uncertainties of the predictions affect fuel consumption only through the battery’s state of charge at the end of the trip. Instead of validating a prediction by comparing it with the actual values of the power demand, the uncertainty is transferred to the electrical energy and the final state of charge of the battery. The predictions probabilistic model determines the predictions horizon length. Normally distributed predictions, and predictions based on Markov chains are studied. These two models allow prediction horizons of 2-3 min over which our optimization method based on optimal control is applied in real time. The proposed probabilistic method is general and is not limited to the probabilistic models studied. Based on the principles outlined in this thesis, by increasing the accuracy of the predictions model, it will be possible to use larger prediction horizons, which means better fuel economy and lower CO2 missions
Rivaton, Olivier. "Le routage de l'information dans les réseaux véhiculaires mobiles." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26739.
Vehicular Ad-hoc NETwork (VANET) were created in the early 80’s but have been developped for the last few years in many cities around the world. They add informations to the road network by including wireless communications between its component. Mainly the vehicles, but also numerous RoadSide Units (RSU) which are directly in relation with the road network (traffic light, meter, but also specialized units and more). The addition of RSUs help the network to disseminate the informations across the network. The main goal of this type of networks is to improve road safety and road traffic, as well as providing driver and passengers with advertisement and entertainment applications. In order to accomplish these aims, a good routing of the information in this kind of networks is a key. Unfortunately, the use of the RSUs in the simulations of VANETs is often missed. Indeed, the major parts of research on the matter of routing in VANETs are a simulation of a mobile ad-hoc network with only some improvements : controlled movement of faster nodes. They do not use the full description of a vehicular ad-hoc network. The routing in these networks use RSU in an opportunistic way but in the end, the RSUs should be deployed massively so they have to be ackowledged. In this research, we concentrate on the study of the variations of routing metrics when RSUs are added to the simulations. The routing protocol used is AODV, and we present a modification of it, to force messages to use the path which contains RSU(s) if they exist. The results are encouraging and show us that in the simulation of a real vehicular ad-hoc networks, it is important to consider the roadside units.
Belarbi, Fahim. "Les systèmes de communication entre les véhicules et l'infrastructure : leur contribution aux pratiques d'exploitation de la route : Le cas d'une application pour l'information des autoroutes (AIDA)." Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2004. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00000955.
Solano, Araque Edwin. "De l’ergonomie automobile à l’optimisation de la conduite automatisée. Application à l’écoconduite des véhicules électriques." Thesis, Orléans, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ORLE3059.
In the framework of this dissertation, we will focus on Eco-driving and, particularly on eco-maneuvers, taking into account constraints associated to infrastructure and traffic, as well as with drivability. Additionally, we will take inspiration on Cognitive Principles for the algorithm design; it will allow to reinforce algorithm’s effectiveness and modularity. Easiness of calibration will also be an important concern for our work. Our whole discussion focuses on Battery Electric Vehicles. However, the proposed principles may be adapted for their application for other types of powertrain.Our work treats three main topics: on one side, Driving Ergonomics, allowing to determine some criteria on drivability ; we will also propose a modelling of the driver allowing to take into account ergonomics considerations. Finally, we will assess our hypothesis with respect with driver behavior on real situations, by applying an innovative methodology for the analysis of actual driving records. Next we will focus on Energy Model of the vehicle and of driving maneuvers, as well as to the assessment of energy gain potential associated to several Eco-driving strategies; the origin of these gains is also studied. Finally, we propose a Control Algorithm allowing to execute driving eco-maneuvers, while taking into account drivability criteria. The global algorithm structure is based on cognitive principles presented earlier. These function consists of several subsystems, which improves its modularity, and enforces its potential to operate within real-time constraints, and simplifies calibrations ; these both are major advantages for an industrial application
El, Zoghby Nicole. "Fusion distribuée de données échangées dans un réseau de véhicules." Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01070896.
Xu, Ying. "Gestion de l'information en temps réel pour un répartiteur de véhicules." Thèse, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/14520.